上海市沪教版牛津英语八年级上8A 首字母解题技巧

八年级上首字母解题技巧

首字母填空解题技巧：

1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。

2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。

A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义. 首字母和汉语既是提示又是限制。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。

B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。

3.通读短文，检查答案。

具体做题方法：

（一）从词性考查角度分析：

1. 名词：单复数形式, 所有格的用法

1. September 10th is Teachers’Day.

2.In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.

2. 动词：时态语态的变化

3.We could not run faster than cheetahs , so we _invented__(发明)cars and now we can move the fastest

4.When you laugh ,you will open___ your mouth and your teeth.

3. 形容词、副词：比较等级的用法

5. Last Sunday，we played h_appily_____ in the park, though we were very tired.

6.Summer is the hottest season of the year.

4. 代词：单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法

7. Help yourself to some fish，Jim.

8. Mrs Green said to the twins .“Help yourselves to some fish please. ”

9.This book belongs to Mary. It is hers.

5. 连词：并列与从属连词的用法

10.For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs.

11. She didn’t go to school yesterday ，because she was ill.

（二）从句子成分角度分析

句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，

即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，

状语，表语、同位语等。

(1)对主语的判断

1. T _______ are helpful to students. They always try their best to help their students.

2. Tom is of great importance for Amy. So h______ is more important to Amy than money.

3. Some famous s_______ are going to give lectures in our university in August. We are glad to know more about science.

4. F _______ is my favorite sport. It shows the spirit of team work.

5. C_______ stamps is my hobby.

分析：主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词。此外，形容词前加the也可作主语。

eg: The rich are not always happy. 句中the rich 指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。

(2) 对谓语的判断

John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c________ over to him. “My boy,”she a_____ , “Is your father at home?”“Yes,”a_______ John. The woman b________ ringing the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t_____ back to John and s______ angrily, “Didn’t you s______ that your father was at home?”“I did”, answered John, “but this i_______ my house.”

分析：语篇中的所缺词均为谓语动词。谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，而且在句子中不能缺。当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或两个以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。

谓语动词要考虑时态与语态。

时态:

1. 一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式

2.一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式

3. 现在进行时,考虑动词的现在分词形式

4. 现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式（与动词的过去式的规则变化相同，不规则的要单独记忆）

(3) 对宾语的判断

1. Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast d________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.

2. The front is in great need of medical w_____.because there are so many injured soldiers.

3. Thank you for your k_______. Without your help,I will not work out the problem.

4. At last he sold his i______. He has invented it for a long time.

分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。宾语的词性和主语的词性一样，主要为名词或代词，但是如果代词作宾语时就必须用其宾格。

(4) 对表语的判断

1. It is i______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.

2.The sick man is getting w______.Maybe he will die soon.

3. Patrick is going to be a(n) mechanical e______ when he grows up. He thinks mechine is full of charming

4. Such cold weather is quite u_____ in May and people have to wear warm clothes again.

5. It’s a p______ to have a picnic with all the members.