懂你英语词汇表 (17)
大学英语四级词汇16
P pace/peis/n.步，步速vi.踱步pacific/pE'sifik/a.和平的n.太平洋pack/pAk/vt.捆扎；挤满n.包package/'pAkidV/n.包裹，包，捆packet/'pAkit/n.小包(裹)，小捆pad/pAd/n.垫；本子vt.填塞page/peidV/n.页pail/peil/n.桶，提桶pain/pein/n.痛，疼痛；辛苦painful/'peinful/a.使痛的；费力的paint/peint/vt.画；油漆vi.绘画painter/'peintE/n.漆工，画家，绘画者painting/'peintiN/n.油画；绘画；着色pair/pZE/n.一对vi.成对，配对palace/'pAlis/n.宫，宫殿pale/peil/a.苍白的；浅的palm/pa:m/n.手掌，手心；掌状物pan/pAn/n.平底锅，盘子panda/'pAndE/n.小猫熊；猫熊pane/pein/n.窗格玻璃panel/'pAnl/n.专门小组；面，板pant/pAnt/n.气喘；心跳paper/'peipE/n.纸；官方文件；文章parade/pE'reid/n.游行；检阅vi.游行paradise/'pArEdais/n.伊甸乐园；天堂paragraph/'pArEgra:f/n.(文章的)段，节parallel/'pArElel/a.平行的；相同的parcel/'pa:sl/n.包裹，小包，邮包pardon/'pa:dn/n.原谅；赦免vt.原谅parent/'pZErEnt/n.父亲，母亲，双亲park/pa:k/n.公园；停车场parliament/'pa:lEmEnt/n.议会，国会part/pa:t/n.一部分；零件；本份partial/'pa:FEl/a.部分的；不公平的partially/'pa:FEli/ad.部分地participate/pa:'tisipeit/vi.参与，参加；分享particle/'pa:tikl/n.粒子，微粒particular/pE'tikjulE/a.特殊的；特定的particularly/pE'tikjulEli/ad.特别，尤其，格外partly/'pa:tli/ad.部分地，不完全地partner/'pa:tnE/n.伙伴；搭挡；配偶party/'pa:ti/n.党，党派；聚会pass/pa:s/vt.经过；通过；度过passage/'pAsidV/n.通过；通路，通道passenger/'pAsindVE/n.乘客，旅客，过路人passion/'pAFEn/n.激情，热情；爱好passive/'pAsiv/a.被动的；消极的passport/'pa:spR:t/n.护照past/past/a.过去的n.过去paste/peist/n.糊，酱；浆湖pastime/'pa:staim/n.消遣，娱乐pat/pAt/n.&vt.&n.轻拍patch/pAtF/n.补钉；碎片vt.补缀path/pa:W/n.路，小道；道路patience/'peiFEns/n.忍耐，容忍，耐心patient/'peiFEnt/a.忍耐的n.病人pattern/'pAtEn/n.型，式样，模，模型pause/pR:z/n.&vi.中止，暂停pave/peiv/vt.铺，筑(路等) pavement/'peivmEnt/n.(英)人行道paw/pR:/n.脚爪，爪子pay/pei/vt.支付；付给；给予payment/'peimEnt/n.支付，支付的款项pea/pi:/n.豌豆；豌豆属植物peace/pi:s/n.和平；和睦；平静peaceful/'pi:sful/a.和平的；安静的peach/pi:tF/n.桃子，桃树peak/pi:k/n.山顶，巅a.最高的pear/pZE/n.梨子，梨树pearl/pE:l/n.珍珠；珍珠母peasant/'pezEnt/n.农民pebble/'pebl/n.卵石，细砾peculiar/pi'kju:ljE/a.特有的；特别的peel/pi:l/vt.剥(皮)，削(皮) peep/pi:p/vi.(从缝隙中)偷看pen/pen/n.钢笔，自来水笔pencil/'pensl/n.铅笔penetrate/'penitreit/vt.穿过vi.穿入peninsula/pi'ninsjulE/n.半岛penny/'peni/n.(英)便士；(美)分pension/'penFEn/n.抚恤金，年金people/'pi:pl/n.人民，民族；人pepper/'pepE/n.胡椒，胡椒粉per/pE:/prep.每perceive/pE'si:v/vt.察觉，发觉；理解percent/pE'sent/n.百分之…percentage/pE'sentidV/n.百分比，百分率perfect/'pE:fikt, 'pE:fekt/ a.完美的；完全的perfectly/'pE:fiktli/ad.很，完全perform/pE'fR:m/vt.履行，执行；演出performance/pE'fR:mEns/n.履行；演出；行为perfume/'pE:fju:m, pE:'fju:m/ n.香味，芳香；香料perhaps/pE'hAps/ad.也许，可能，多半period/'piEriEd/n.时期；学时；句号permanent/'pE:mEnEnt/a.永久的，持久的permanently/'pE:mEnEntli/ad.永久地，持久地permission/pE(:)'miFEn/n.允许，许可，同意permit/pE:'mit, 'pE:mit/vt.允许n.执照persist/pE:'sist/vi.坚持，固执；持续person/'pE:sn/n.人；人身；本人personal/'pE:sEnl/a.个人的；本人的personnel/pE:sE'nel/n.全体人员，全体职员perspective/pE:'spektiv/n.透视；远景；观点persuade/pE:'sweid/vt.说服vi.被说服pessimistic/pesi'mistik/a.悲观的；厌世的pet/pet/n.爱畜；宠儿a.宠爱的petrol/'petrEl/n.(英)汽油petroleum/pi'trEuljEm/n.石油phase/feiz/n.阶段；方面；相位phenomenon/fi'nRminEn/n.现象philosopher/fi'lRsEfE/n.哲学家philosophy/fi'lRsEfi/n.哲学；哲理；人生观phone/fEun/n.电话，电话机；耳机photograph/'fEutEgra:f/n.照片，相片photographic/fEutE'grAfik/a.摄影的，摄影用的phrase/freiz/n.短语；习惯用语physical/'fizikEl/a.物质的；物理的physician/fi'ziFEn/n.医生，内科医生physicist/'fizisist/n.物理学家physics/'fiziks/n.物理学piano/pi'AnEu/n.钢琴pick/pik/n.镐，鹤嘴锄pick/pik/vt.拾，摘vi.采摘picnic/'piknik/n.郊游，野餐vi.野餐picture/'piktFE/n.画，图片vt.画pie/pai/n.(西点)馅饼piece/pi:s/n.碎片，块vt.拼合pierce/piEs/vt.剌穿vi.穿入pig/pig/n.猪，小猪，野猪pigeon/pidVin/n.鸽子pile/pail/n.堆vt.堆叠，累积pill/pil/n.药丸，丸剂pillar/'pilE/n.柱，柱子；栋梁pillow/'pilEu/n.枕头pilot/'pailEt/n.领航员；飞行员pin/pin/n.针，饰针n.别住pinch/pintF/vt.捏，拧，掐掉pine/pain/n.松树，松木pink/piNk/n.粉红色a.粉红色的pint/paint/n.品脱pioneer/paiE'niE/n.拓荒者；先驱者pipe/paip/n.管子，导管；烟斗pipeline/'paiplain/n.管道，管线pistol/'pistl/n.手枪pit/pit/n.坑，地坑；煤矿pitch/pitF/n.沥青pitch/pitF/vt.投，掷vi.投掷pity/'piti/n.怜悯；遗憾vt.同情place/pleis/n.地方，地点；住所plain/plein/n.平原a.清楚的plan/plAn/n.&vt.计划，打算plane/plein/n.平面；飞机planet/'plAnit/n.行星plant/pla:nt/n.植物；工厂vt.栽种plantation/plAn'teiFEn/n.种植园；栽植plaster/'pla:stE/n.灰泥；硬膏；熟石膏plastic/'plAstik/a.可塑的n.塑料plate/pleit/n.板，片，盘vt.电镀platform/'plAtfR:m/n.平台；站台；讲台play/plei/vi.玩，游戏；演奏player/'pleiE/n.游戏的人；比赛者playground/'pleigraund/n.操场，运动场pleasant/'pleznt/a.令人愉快的，舒适的please/pli:z/vt.使高兴，请vi.满意pleasure/'pleVE/n.愉快，快乐；乐事plentiful/'plentiful/a.丰富的，富裕的plenty/'plenti/n.丰富，充足，大量plot/plRt/n.小块土地vt.密谋plough/plau/n.犁vt.&vi.犁，耕pluck/plQk/vt.采，摘；拉下n.拉plug/plQg/n.塞子；插头vt.塞plunge/plQndVE/vt.使投入；使陷入plural/'pluErEl/a.复数的n.复数plus/plQs/prep.加，加上a.正的P.M./pi:'em/n.下午，午后pocket/'pRkit/n.衣袋n.袖珍的poem/'pEuim/n.诗，韵文，诗体文poet/pEuit/n.诗人poetry/'pEuitri/n.诗，诗歌，诗作point/pRint/n.点；要点；细目；分poison/'pRizn/n.毒，毒药vt.毒害poisonous/'pRiznEs/a.有毒的，有害的pole/pEul/n.杆，柱pole/pEul/n.极(点)，磁极，电极police/pE'li:s/n.警察；警察当局policeman/pE'li:smEn/n.警察policy/'pRlisi/n.政策，方针polish/'pRliF/vt.磨光；使优美polite/pE'lait/a.有礼貌的；有教养的political/pE'litikEl/a.政治的，政治上的politician/pRli'tiFEn/n.政治家；政客politics/'pRlitiks/n.政治，政治学；政纲pollute/pE'lju:t/vt.弄脏，污染，沾污pollution/pE'lu:FEn/n.污染pond/pRnd/n.池塘pool/pu:l/n.水塘，游泳池，水池pool/pu:l/n.共用物vt.共有poor/puE/a.贫穷的；贫乏的pop/pRp/n.流行音乐，流行歌曲pop/pRp/n.砰的一声，爆破声popular/'pRpjulE/a.民众的；流行的population/pRpju'leiFEn/n.人口；全体居民porch/pR:tF/n.门廊，入口处pork/pR:k/n.猪肉porridge/'pRridV/n.粥，麦片粥port/pR:t/n.港，港口portable/'pR:tEbl/a.轻便的；手提的porter/'pR:tE/n.搬运工人portion/'pR:FEn/n.一部分；一分portrait/'pR:trit/n.消像，画像Portuguese/pR:tju'gi:z/n.葡萄牙人；葡萄牙语position/pE'ziFEn/n.位置；职位；姿势positive/'pRzEtiv/a.确定的；积极的possess/'pE'zes/vt.占用，拥有(财产) possession/pE'zeFEn/n.有，所有；占有物possibility/pRsE'biliti/n.可能；可能的事possible/'pRsEbl/a.可能的；可能存在的possibly/'pRsEbli/ad.可能地；也许post/pEust/n.柱，桩，杆vt.贴出post/pEust/n.邮政，邮寄；邮件post/pEust/n.岗位，哨所；职位postage/'pEustidV/n.邮费，邮资postman/'pEustmEn/n.邮递员postpone/pEust'pEun/vt.延迟，推迟，延缓pot/pRt/n.锅，壶，罐，盆potato/pEu'teitEu/n.马铃薯，土豆potential/pE'tenFEl/a.潜在的n.潜力pound/paund/n.磅；英磅pound/paund/vt.捣碎；舂烂；猛击pour/pR:/vt.灌，倒vi.倾泻poverty/'pRvEti/n.贫穷，贫困powder/'paudE/n.粉末；药粉；火药power/'pauE/n.能力；力；权；幂powerful/'pauEful/a.强有力的；有权威的practical/'prAktikEl/a.实践的；实用的practically/'prAktikEli/ad.实际上；几乎practice/'prAktis/n.实践；练习；业务practise/'prAktis/vt.练习，实习，训练praise/preiz/n.赞扬，赞美vi.赞扬pray/prei/vt.&vi.请求；祈祷prayer/'prZE/n.祈祷，祈求precaution/pri'kR:FEn/n.预防；警惕preceding/pri(:)'si:diN/a.在前的；在先的precious/'preFEs/a.珍贵的，宝贵的precise/pri'sais/a.精确的，准确的precision/pri'siVEn/n.精确，精密，精密度predict/pri'dikt/v.预言，预告，预测preface/'prefis/n.序言，前言，引语prefer/pri'fE:/vt.宁可，宁愿preferable/'prefErEbl/a.更可取的，更好的preference/'prefErEns/n.偏爱，优先；优先权prejudice/'predVudis/n.偏见，成见preliminary/pri'liminEri/a.预备的，初步的premier/'premjE/n.总理，首相preparation/prepE'reiFEn/n.准备，预备；制备prepare/pri'pZE/vt.&vi.准备，预备preposition/prepE'ziFEn/n.前置词，介词prescribe/pris'kraib/vt.命令；处(方) presence/'prezns/n.出席，到场；在present/'preznt/a.现在的n.目前present/'preznt/vt.赠送; 介绍; 提出present/'preznt/n.礼物，赠送物presently/'prezEntli/ad.一会儿；目前preserve/pri'zE:v/vt.保护；保存；腌渍president/'prezidEnt/n.总统；校长；会长press/pres/vt.压，按，揿；催促pressure/'preFE/n.压力；压力；压，按pretend/pri'tend/vt.假托，借口vi.假装pretty/'priti/a.漂亮的，标致的prevail/pri'veil/vi.胜，优胜；流行prevent/pri'vent/vt.预防，防止；阻止previous/'pri:vjEs/a.先的；前的ad.在前previously/'pri:vjEsli/ad.先前，预先price/prais/n.价格，价钱；代价pride/praid/n.骄傲；自豪vt.自夸priest/pri:st/n.教士，牧师，神父primarily/'praimErili/ad.首先；主要地primary/'praimEri/a.最初的；基本的prime/praim/a.首要的n.春，青春primitive/'primitiv/a.原始的；粗糙的prince/'prins/n.王子，亲王princess/prin'ses/n.公主，王妃principal/'prinsEpEl/a.主要的n.负责人principle/'prinsEpl/n.原则，原理；主义print/print/vt.印刷n.印刷；正片prior/'praiE/a.在先的；优先的prison/'prizn/n.监狱，监禁prisoner/'priznE/n.囚犯private/'praivit/a.私人的；私下的privilege/'privilidV/n.特权，优惠prize/praiz/n.奖赏，奖金vt.珍视probability/prRbE'biliti/n.可能性；概率probable/'prRbEbl/a.或有的；大概的probably/'prRbEbli/ad.或许，大概problem/'prRblEm/n.问题；习题，问题procedure/prE'si:dVE/n.程序；手续；过程proceed/prE'si:d/vi.进行；继续进行process/'prEuses/n.过程；工序vt.加工procession/prE'seFEn/n.队伍，行列proclaim/prE'kleim/vt.宣告，宣布；表明produce/prE'dju:s, 'prRdju:s/ vt.生产；产生；展现product/'prRdEkt/n.产品，产物；(乘)积production/prE'dQkFEn/n.生产；产品；总产量productive/prE'dQktiv/a.生产的；丰饶的profession/prE'feFEn/n.职业professional/prE'feFEnl/a.职业的n.专业人员professor/prE'fesE/n.教授profit/'prRfit/n.益处；利润vi.得益program/'prEugrAm/n.节目单；大纲；程序progress/'prEugres, prE'gres/ n.前进，进展；进步progressive/prE'gresiv/a.进步的；向前进的prohibit/prE'hibit/vt.禁止，阻止project/prE'dVekt, 'prRdVekt/ n.方案，工程vi.伸出prominent/'prRminEnt/a.实起的；突出的promise/'prRmis/n.诺言；指望vt.允诺promising/'prRmisiN/a.有希望的；有前途的promote/prE'mEut/vt.促进，发扬；提升prompt/prRmpt/a.及时的vt.敦促pronoun/'prEunaun/n.代名词pronounce/prE'nauns/vt.发…的音；宣布pronunciation/prEnQnsi'eiFEn/n.发音，发音法proof/pru:f/n.证据；证明；校样proper/'prRpE/a.适合的；合乎体统的properly/'prRpEli/ad.适当地；彻底地property/'prRpEti/n.财产，资产；性质proportion/prE'pR:FEn/n.比，比率，部分proportional/prE'pR:FEnl/a.比例的；相称的proposal/prE'pEuzEl/n.提议，建议；求婚propose/prE'pEuz/vt.提议vi.求婚prospect/'prRspekt, prEs'pekt/ n.展望；前景，前程prosperity/prRs'periti/n.繁荣；昌盛，兴旺prosperous/'prRspErEs/a.繁荣的，昌盛的protect/prE'tekt/vt.保护，保卫，警戒protection/prE'tekFEn/n.保护，警戒protective/prE'tektiv/a.保护的，防护的protein/'prEuti:n/n.蛋白质，朊protest/prE'test, 'prEutest/ vt.&vi.&n.抗议proud/praud/a.骄傲的；自豪的prove/pru:v/vt.证明vi.结果是provide/prE'vaid/vt.提供；装备，供给provided/prE'vaidid/conj.以…为条件province/'prRvins/n.省；领域，部门provision/prE'viVEn/n.供应；预备；存粮psychological/saikE'lRdVikEl/a.心理的，心理学的public/'pQblik/a.公众的n.公众publication/pQbli'keiFEn/n.公布；出版；出版物publish/'pQbliF/vt.公布；发表；出版pudding/'pudiN/n.布丁puff/pQf/n.(一)喷，(一)吹pull/pul/vt.拉，拖；拉，拉力pulse/pQls/n.脉搏；脉冲，脉动pump/pQmp/n.泵vt.用抽机抽punch/pQntF/vt.冲出n.冲压机punch/pQntF/vt.用拳猛击n.拳打punctual/'pQNktjuEl/a.严守时刻的；准时的punish/'pQniF/vt.罚，惩罚，处罚punishment/'pQniFmEnt/n.罚，惩罚，处罚pupil/'pju:pl/n.学生，小学生pupil/'pju:pl/n.瞳孔puppet/'pQpit/n.木偶，玩偶；傀儡purchase/'pE:tFEs/n.买，购买vt.买pure/pjuE/a.纯粹的；纯洁的purely/'pjuEli/ad.纯粹地，完全地purify/'pjuErifai/vt.使纯净，使洁净purity/'pjuEriti/n.纯净；纯洁；纯度purple/'pE:pl/n.紫色a.紫的purpose/'pE:pEs/n.目的；意图；效果purse/pE:s/n.钱包，小钱袋，手袋pursue/pE'sju:/vt.追赶，追踪；进行pursuit/pE'sju:t/n.追赶；追求；事务push/puF/vt.推，逼迫vi.推put/put/vt.放，摆；使处于puzzle/'pQzl/n.难题；谜vi.使迷惑。
最新新概念英语第四册Lesson17~19生词和短语
新概念英语第四册Lesson17生词和短语settlement n.新拓居地enterprising adj.有事业心的settler n.移居者Antipodes n.(the ~)新西兰和澳大利亚(英) promiscuous adj.杂乱的abandon n.放任，纵情overrun v.蔓延，泛滥devastation n.破坏，劫掠burrow v.挖、掘susceptible adj.易受感染的virus n.病毒Myxomatosis n.多发性粘液瘤infect v.传染epidemic n.流行病mosquito n.蚊虫carrier n.带菌者exterminate v.消灭ironically adv.具有讽刺意味的bequeath v.把...传给pest n.害虫，有害动物pestilence n.瘟疫confine n.范围domesticate v.驯养新概念英语第四册Lesson18生词和短语porpoise n. 海豚mariner n. 水手shark n. 鲨鱼formation n. 队形dolphin n. 海豚科动物unconscious adj. 不省人事beaver n. 海狸ashore adv. 上岸waterlogged adj. 浸满水的scent n. 香味ensue v. 接着发生intrigue v. 引起兴趣indignity n. 侮辱snout n. 口鼻部shove v. 硬推aquaplane n. 驾浪滑水板oceanarium n. 水族馆swoop v. 猛扑belly n. 腹部equilibrium n. 平衡butt v. 碰撞crack n. 重击新概念英语第四册Lesson19生词和短语speculation n. 推测literally adv. 确实odd adj. 奇特的tissue n. 组织plausible adj. 似乎有理的hypothesis n. 假说electroencephalograph n. 脑电图仪electrode n. 电极scalp n. 头皮psychiatrist n. 精神病学家punctuate v. 不时介入jerky adj. 急动的disorder n. 失调implication n. 表明。
Unit 17 词汇
tough
component
circus
yawn
loaf
starve
scare
string
depth
genius
presence
play around
rarely
汉语
英语
汉语
英语
汉语
英语
协调,和谐
禁止，不准
迅速地
提取,收回
喜剧
（打得）鼻青脸肿
健忘的
戏剧演员
锦标赛，联赛
成熟的
模仿
国界，边境
忽视
board a flight
push one’s way to the front
wait one’s turn
put on 5 pounds
drop out
get stuck in a traffic jam
forbid someone from doing
advise someone on sth.
busy oneself doing使自己忙于做……
in real life在现实生活中
wait in line排队
fool around胡闹,瞎弄
from time to time不时地
result in导致,造成
have dinner with和……一起吃饭
be famous for因……而出名
II. Phrases and collocations
as long as
burst out doing
fall about (laughing)
have trouble doing
do some shopping
cash a check
词达人英语四级词汇
词达人英语四级词汇1.concentrate vt.集中，聚集，浓缩2.needle n.针vt.缝补，编织3.fault n.缺点，过失，故障4.gather vi.聚集，集合vt.收集5.valley n.山谷，流域6.belt n.带，腰带，区7.independent adj.独立的，自主的8.defence n.防御，辩护9.deserve vt.应受，值得10.political adj.政治上的11.junior adj.年少的，地位较低的n.晚辈12.select vt.选择vi.挑选13.strength n.力量，力气14.liberate vt.解放，释放15.gravity n.重力，引力，严重性tely adv.最近17.pence n.penny的复数18.march n.三月19.punishment n.惩罚20.likely adj.可能的ad.很可能21.grocer n.杂货商22.broadcast n.广播，播音23.remark vi.评论n.评论；备注24.diet n.饮食，食物25.operate vi.操作；施行手术26.owe vt.欠；归功于27.annoy vt.使恼怒，打搅28.cream n.奶油29.beginning n.开始，开端，起源30.crash vi.碰撞，坠落n.碰撞31.beauty n.美，美丽，美人32.root n.根（部）；根源vi.生根，扎根33.teenager n.青少年34.respond vi.回答；响应35.aim vi.瞄准，针对，致力36.unusual adj.不平常的，独特的37.award n.奖，奖品，判定38.fur n.软毛，毛皮，裘皮39.powerful adj.强有力的40.modest adj.谦虚的41.cigarette n.香烟42.quarrel vi.争吵n.争吵，吵架43.outline n.轮廓；大纲44.style n.风格，式样45.pot n.锅46.distant adj.在远处的，疏远的47.adapt vt.使适应，改编48.precious adj.珍贵的，宝贵的49.web n.(蜘蛛)网，网状物；网络50.plough n.犁vt.犁，耕51.instrument n.仪器，工具，乐器52.billion num.十亿53.function n.功能，职务，函数54.pin n.别针，钉子vt.钉住55.temporary adj.暂时的，临时的56.hammer n.锤子vt.锤击57.suck vt.吸，吮58.production n.产品；产量59.less adj.更少的ad.更少地60.pour vt.流，倾盆大雨vi.倾泻61.fireworks n.[pl.]爆竹，烟花62.technique n.技巧，技能63.crossing v.横越n.交叉口64.socialism n.社会主义65.embarrass vt.使窘迫，使为难66.confident n.确信的，自信的ter adv.后来68.announce vt.宣布，发表69.nutrition n.营养70.overcome vt.战胜，克服71.billion num.十亿72.distance n.距离，远处73.fee n.费，酬金，赏金74.account n.记述，解释，账目75.pump n.泵vt.用泵抽，打气76.blanket n.毯子77.amount n.总数，数量，和78.tin n.锡；罐头79.manner n.方式，态度；礼貌80.dictation n.口授81.graduation n.毕业82.tip vt.轻击vi.给小费n.小费83.mental adj.智力的；精神的84.soul n.灵魂，精神；人85.fortnight n.两星期，十四天86.counter n.柜台，计数器87.spoken adj.口头讲的，口语的88.extraordinary adj.非同寻常的，特别的89.wage n.工资，报酬90.generation n.一代，一代人，产生91.decorate vt.装饰92.appearance n.出现，来到，外观93.access n.接近，通道，入口94.worthwhile adj.值得的95.survive vt.幸免于vi.活下来96.expand vt.扩大，使膨胀97.well-known adj.众所周知的98.significance n.意义，意味；重要性99.universe n.宇宙，世界100.fasten vt.扎牢，扣住，使固定101.nephew n.侄子，外甥102.predict vt.预言，预测103.focus vi.聚焦，注视n.焦点104.performance n.履行；表演；表现105.link vt.连接n.联系106.mine pron.我的n.矿，矿山；地雷，水雷vt.开采107.brief adj.简短的vt.作简报munist n.共产党员109.deed n.行为，功绩，契约110.amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊愕111.maximum n.最大量a.最大的112.aside adv.在旁边，到旁边113.stage n.舞台；阶段，时期114.drown v.溺死115.absorb vt.吸收，使专心116.cash n.现金，现款117.desert n.沙漠vt.离弃，擅离118.disaster n.灾难119.soil n.土壤；土地120.ashamed adj.惭愧(的)，羞耻(的) 121.branch n.树枝，分部，分支122.faith n.信任，信心，信仰123.gain vt.获得，增加n.增进124.clothing n.衣服125.nowhere adv.任何地方都不126.folk n.人们，家属，亲属127.conductor n.售票员，(乐队)指挥128.midday n.中午129.calculate vt.计算，估计，计划130.anyhow adv.无论如何131.fortune n.命运，运气，财产132.minimum n.最小量a.最小的133.prefer vt.宁可，宁愿134.sacrifice vt.牺牲，献祭135.sensitive adj.敏感的，灵敏的136.arrival n.到达，到达者137.border n.边缘，边界138.surround vt.包围，环绕139.aspect n.方面，样子，外表140.sum n.总数；金额vi.共计141.anger n.怒，愤怒vt.使发怒142.smooth adj.平滑的，平静的143.worst adj.最坏的ad.最坏地144.refer vt.求助于vi.谈到；参考，查阅145.verb n.动词146.passer-by n.过路人147.variety n.多样化，种类148.mix vt.使混合；混淆149.pause n.中止vi.中止，暂停150.burst vt.使爆裂vi.n.爆炸151.dull a.枯燥的，阴暗的152.destroy vt.破坏，消灭153.tough adj.坚韧的；健壮的154.goods n.货物，商品155.boil vi.沸腾，汽化vt.煮沸156.dot n.点，圆点vt.打点于157.sign n.符号；征兆vt.签名158.whistle n.口哨vi.吹口哨159.pleased adj.高兴的160.delete vt.删除，擦掉161.obvious adj.显而易见的162.available adj.可利用的，通用的tely adv.最近164.retire vi.退休165.freedom n.自由166.debt n.债务，欠债167.scold vt.责骂168.original adj.最初的；新颖的n.创新169.bury vt.埋葬，埋藏170.analyze vt.分析，分解，解析171.ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的172.foggy adj.有雾的，模糊的173.hire vt.雇用174.guide n.导游vt.指导175.flight n.航班，飞行，逃跑176.settle vt.安排，安放；解决vi.定居177.bar n.酒吧间，条，杆178.federal adj.联邦的，联盟的179.remote adj.遥远的180.queue n.队列vi.排队等候181.phrase n.短语，习惯用语ck vt.缺乏，不足n.短缺的东西183.tap vt.轻打，轻敲n.塞子，龙头；轻叩，轻拍184.attempt vt.尝试，试图n.企图185.feather n.羽毛，翎毛，羽状物186.anniversary n.周年纪念日187.actress n.女演员188.insect n.昆虫189.accuse vt.指责，归咎于190.pillow n.枕头191.practical adj.实用的192.recycle vt.重复利用193.conclusion n.结论，推论，结尾194.audience n.听众，观众195.panic n.恐慌，惊慌196.phenomenon n.现象197.dial n.钟面，拨号盘vt.拨号198.responsible adj.有责任的；尽责的199.export vt.输出，出口200.project n.计划；工程；项目vi.伸出vt.设计，规划201.brake n.闸，刹车vi.制动202.occupation n.占领，占据；职业，工作203.forecast n.预测，预报vt.预示204.load vt.装，装满n.负载；负担205.nail n.钉子；指甲vt.钉206.principle n.原则，原理207.temple n.神殿，庙宇；太阳穴208.athlete n.运动员209.familiar adj.熟悉的210.suffer vt.遭受，忍受vi.受害，受损失211.possession n.财产212.birthplace n.出生地213.tendency n.趋向，趋势214.rescue vt.援救，营救215.flame n.火焰，光辉，热情216.demand vt.要求，需要217.sharp adv.（时刻）整a.锋利的；敏锐的；刺耳的218.host n.主人，东道主219.male adj.男的，雄的220.deadline n.最终期限221.rude adj.粗野的，残暴的222.base n.基础，底层，基地223.seaside n.海边224.track n.行踪，路径；轨道225.essay n.短文，散文，小品文226.meanwhile adv.同时，当时227.province n.省228.postcode n.邮递区号229.float vi.漂浮vt.使漂浮230.import vt.n.输入，进口231.fond adj.喜爱的，溺爱的232.donate vt.vi.捐赠233.unite vi.联合vt.使联合234.gas n.煤气，气体235.fluent adj.流利的，流畅的236.sailor n.海员，水兵237.reform n.改革，改良vt.改革，革新238.opera n.歌剧239.ignore vt.不顾，不理，忽视240.custom n.习惯，风俗，海关241.envy vt.n.妒忌，羡慕mittee n.委员会plex adj.结合的，复杂的244.puzzle n.难题；谜vi.使迷惑245.fade vi.褪色，逐渐消失246.expert n.专家a.熟练的247.sponsor n.发起者vt.发起248.outdoor adj./ad.户外的，野外的249.steel n.钢mercial adj.商业的，商品化的251.beer n.啤酒252.shallow adj.浅的，浅薄的n.浅滩pete vi.比赛，竞争，对抗254.horrible adj.可怕的，极可憎的，极可厌的255.weed n.杂草，野草vi.除草256.anniversary n.周年纪念日257.lightning n.闪电258.powerful adj.强有力的259.register vt.登记，注册n.登记，注册260.detect vt.察觉，发觉，侦察261.telegram n.电报262.trap n.陷阱；诡计vt.诱骗263.grocery n.杂货店264.moral adj.合乎道德的n.道德，品行265.discount n.折扣266.satisfaction n.满意267.debate n.vi.争论，辩论268.attract vt.吸引，诱惑269.switch n.开关；转换vt.转换270.struggle n.斗争；奋斗vi.斗争；奋斗271.consist vi.由…组成272.exchange vt.交换，交流n.交换273.resist vt.抵抗，抵制274.desire vt.相望，要求n.愿望275.theme n.题目；词干；主旋律276.generally adv.一般地，通常地 adj.净的，纯的n.网，网状物278.outdoors adv.在户外n.户外279.seed n.种(子)，籽dder n.梯子281.gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地282.discriminate vt.vi.区别对待，歧视283.adult n.成年人adj.成年的284.platform n.站台，讲台285.case n.情况，事实，病例286.particular adj.特殊的，特定的287.diagram n.图解，图表，简图288.appointment n.任命，约定，约会289.mankind n.人类290.curtain n.帘，窗帘，幕(布)291.occupy vt.占领，占有；忙碌292.district n.地区，区域293.medal n.奖章，纪念章294.occupation n.占领，占据；职业，工作295.musical adj.音乐的296.simply adv.简单地；朴素地；仅仅，只不过297.professor n.教授298.endless adj.无止境的299.broom n.扫帚rm vt.通知，向…报告301.reply vi.回答，答复n.答复302.loaf n.一条面包303.native adj.本土的n.本地人304.assume vt.假定，承担，呈现305.continent n.大陆，洲306.convince vt.使确信，使信服307.artist n.艺术家，美术家308.permit vt.允许n.执照，许可证309.insert vt.插入，嵌入310.former adj.在前的n.前者311.insurance n.保险，保险费312.casual adj.偶然的，随便的313.victim n.牺牲者，受害者314.headmaster n.英国中小学校长，男舍监315.impress vt.给…深刻印象316.equipment n.装备，设备，配备317.wind n.风318.litre n.公升319.skin vt.剥皮n.皮，皮肤；兽皮320.cushion n.垫子，坐垫，靠垫321.gentle adj.和蔼的，轻柔的322.would aux.将；愿意323.assistant n.助手，助教324.oxygen n.氧，氧气325.angle n.角，角度326.judge n.法官，裁判员327.major vi.主修，专攻a.主要的，多数的n.专业328.revolution n.革命；旋转329.agent n.代理人，代理商330.reality n.现实；真实331.tank n.坦克；大容器332.dawn n.黎明，开端333.sincerely adv.真诚地334.tight adj.紧的；紧身的ad.紧紧地335.harm n.伤害，损害vt.损害336.republic n.共和国337.pence n.penny的复数338.cupboard n.碗柜339.album n.集邮本，照相簿，唱片340.typewriter n.打字机341.pan n.平底锅342.optimistic adj.乐观的343.immediate adj.立即的，直接的344.title n.标题，题目；称号，头衔345.dislike vt.n.不喜爱，厌恶346.pile n.堆vt.堆叠347.expression n.词句，表达，表情348.fax n.vt.传真349.vehicle n.车辆350.reading n.阅读；读物351.mineral n.矿物a.矿物的352.perform vt.执行；演出353.blank adj.空白的n.空白354.aware adj.知道的，意识到的355.charge vt.索价，控告n.费用356.hunger n.饥饿，渴望357.bathe vt.给…洗澡，弄湿358.promote vt.促进，提升；推销359.sincere adj.真诚的，真挚的360.crew n.全体船员361.nowadays adv.现今，现在n.现今，当今362.cycle n.循环363.bench n.长凳，条凳，工作台364.valuable adj.值钱的，有价值的n.贵重物品365.biology n.生物学，生态学366.starve vi.饿死vt.使饿死367.academic adj.学院的，学术的368.scientific adj.科学的369.understanding n.理解，理解力370.indicate vt.标示，表示，表明371.liquid n.液体a.液体的，流动的372.institute n.研究所，学院373.drunk a.醉的，陶醉的374.cure vt.医治n.治愈375.possibly adv.可能地，也许376.lorry n.卡车377.material n.材料，原料；素材a.物质的378.passive adj.被动的，消极的379.ordinary adj.平常的，平凡的380.software n.软件381.bother vt.烦扰，迷惑n.麻烦382.process n.过程vt.处理383.pain n.痛苦；疼痛384.partly adv.部分地385.matter n.事情；物质vi.要紧，有关系386.corn n.谷物，小麦387.symbol n.象征；符号388.rely vi.依赖，依靠；信赖389.declare vt.断言，声明390.quantity n.数量；大量391.event n.事件，事变392.painting n.油画；绘画393.nest n.巢，窝394.rent n.租金，租vi.出租395.destination n.目的地，终点，目标ually adv.通常397.scream vi.尖叫n.尖叫声398.forgive vt.原谅，宽恕399.multiply vt.增加；乘400.revise vt.校订，修改401.persuade vt.说服402.cattle n.牛，牲口，家畜403.merchant n.商人404.means n.方法，手段405.cheek n.面颊，脸蛋406.jazz n.爵士音乐，爵士舞曲407.wedding n.婚礼408.drill n.钻头，操练vi.钻孔409.upward adj.向上的，上升的ad.向上，往上410.gradual adj.逐渐的，渐进的411.graduate n.大学毕业生vi.毕业412.dormitory n.集体寝室，宿舍413.darkness n.黑暗414.band n.乐队，带，波段415.housewife n.家庭主妇416.elect vt.选举，推选417.construction n.建造，建筑物418.reflect vt.反射，反映；思考419.ban n.禁令vt.禁止，取缔420.oral adj.口头的。
十七级词汇
dervish
n. 回教的托钵僧
desideratum
n. 必需品，要求
designing
n. 设计; 构思,图案
despiteful
a. 故意为难的,有恶意的
despondence
n. 失去勇气,失望
despondent
adj. 失望的，意气消沉的
coracle
n. 轻便小舟
coroner
n. 验尸官
corpulence
n. 肥胖，臃肿
cottonwood
n. 『植物』三叶杨
countersink
vt. 钻孔装埋,打埋头孔于
countryside
n.乡下，农村
countrywoman
n.乡村妇女
couplet
civet
n.麝猫香
clangor
n. [a
clansman
n. 同一氏族的人,族人,同宗的人
cliche
n. 陈腔滥调,铅版
clinch
v. 钉牢，彻底决定
clockwork
n. 钟表装置,发条装置
closure
n. 关闭，中山
cochineal
n. 虫红,胭红,胭脂虫
dietary
a. 饭食的,饮食的
dilettante
n. 半瓶醋，业余爱好者
directness
n. 笔直,直接,率直
disburse
v. 支付，支出
disbursement
n. 支出，开支
discretionary
懂你L7-U3-part1
L7-U3-1/7B EING A G LOBALC ITIZEN 1B Y H UGH E VANS：A1. I want to introduce you to an amazing woman.2. Her name is Davinia.3. Davinia was born in Jamaica牙买加, emigrated移民to the US at the age of 18, and now lives just outside of Washington, DC.4. She's not a high-powered political staffer职员, nor a lobbyist说客.5. She'd probably tell you she's quite unremarkable平凡的, but she's having the most remarkable impact.6. What's incredible about Davinia is that she's willing to spend time every single week focused on people who are not her:7. people not her in her neighborhood, her state, nor even in her country -- people she'd likely never meet.8. Davinia's impact产生影响started a few years ago when she reached out to all of her friends on Facebook,9. And asked them to donate their pennies so she could fund girls' education.10. She wasn't expecting a huge response, but 700,000 pennies later, she's now sent over 120 girls to school.11. When we spoke last week, she told me she's become a little infamous臭名昭著的；声名狼藉的；恶劣的at the local bank every time she rocks up with a shopping cart full of pennies.12. Now -- Davinia is not alone. Far from it.13. She's part of a growing movement. And there's a name for people like Davinia: global citizens.14. A global citizen is someone who self-identifies first and foremost最突出的；最杰出的；首要的not as a member of a state, a tribe种族or a nation,15. but as a member of the human race,16. And someone who is prepared to act on that belief, to tackle处理our world's greatest challenges.17. Our work is focused on finding, supporting and activating global citizens.18. They exist in every country and among every demographic人口结构的；人口统计的.19. I want to make the case to you today that the world's future depends on global citizens.20. I'm convinced that if we had more global citizens active in our world,21. then every single one of the major challenges we face -- from poverty, climate change, gender inequality -- these issues become solvable.22. They are ultimately global issues, and they can ultimately only be solved by global citizens demanding global solutions from their leaders.练1. According to Evans what do global citizens do? They help people regardless of their nationality.2. Why does Evans introduce Davinia to explain the idea of global citizen? She is an admirable example of a global citizen.L7-U3-1/7H UGH E VANS：B EING A G LOBALC ITIZEN 2A1. Now, some people's immediate reaction to this idea is that either it's a bit utopian乌托邦的；空想主义的or even threatening.2. So I'd like to share with you a little of my story today, how I ended up here, how it connects with Davinia and, hopefully, with you.3. Growing up in Melbourne, Australia, I was one of those seriously irritating恼怒；不耐烦；little kids that never, ever stopped asking, "Why?"4. You might have been one yourself. I used to ask my mum the most annoying questions.5. I'd ask her questions like, "Mum, why I can't I dress up and play with puppets all day?"6. "Why do you want fries with that?"7. "What is a shrimp, and why do we have to keep throwing them on the barbie?"8. "And mum -- this haircut. Why?"9. The worst haircut, I think. Still terrible.10. As a "why" kid, I thought I could change the world, and it was impossible to convince me otherwise.11. And when I was 12 and in my first year of high school, I started raising money for communities in the developing world.12. We were a really enthusiastic group of kids, and we raised more money than any other school in Australia.13. And so I was awarded the chance to go to the Philippines to learn more.14. It was 1998. We were taken into a slum贫民窟in the outskirts郊区of Manila.15. It was there I became friends with Sonny Boy, who lived on what was literally按照字面意义地；逐字地；简直a pile of steaming garbage垃圾.16. "Smoky Mountain" was what they called it.17. But don't let the romance of that name fool you,18. Because it was nothing more than a rancid腐败变质的；腐臭的；landfill填埋场that kids like Sonny Boy spent hours rummaging到处翻寻through every single day to find something, anything of value.19. That night with Sonny Boy and his family changed my life forever,土板the size of half my bedroom with myself, Sonny Boy, and the rest of his family,21. Seven of us in this long line, with the smell of rubbish all around us and cockroaches蟑螂crawling爬行all around.22. And I didn't sleep a wink, but I lay awake thinking to myself, "Why should anyone have to live like this when I have so much?23. Why should Sonny Boy's ability to live out his dreams be determined by where he's born, or what Warren Buffett沃伦·巴菲特called 'the ovarian卵巢的；子房的lottery彩票?'"24. I just didn't get it, and I needed to understand why.B1. Now, I only later came to understand that the poverty贫困I'd seen in the Philippines was the result of decisions made or not made, man-made,2. By a succession一系列；一连串；连续；继任；继承of colonial殖民地的；殖民地所特有的；powers and corrupt腐败的；堕落的governments who had anything but the interests of Sonny Boy at heart.3. Sure, they didn't create Smoky Mountain, but they may as well have.4. And if we're to try to help kids like Sonny Boy,5. It wouldn't work just to try to send him a few dollars or to try to clean up the garbage dump on严厉批评；辱骂；虐待,投放which he lived,6. Because the core核心of the problem lay elsewhere.7. And as I worked on community development projects over the coming years trying to help build schools, train teachers, and tackle处理HIV艾滋病病毒and AIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合征，艾滋病,8. I came to see that community development should be driven by communities themselves,9. And that although charity is necessary, it's not sufficient.10. We need to confront面对；面临；对抗；正视；使面对these challenges on a global scale规模and in a systemic way.11. And the best thing I could do is try to mobilize动员a large group of citizens back home to insist that our leaders engage in that systemic change.12. That's why, a few years later, I joined with a group of college friends in bringing the Make Poverty History campaign to Australia.13. We had this dream of staging this small concert around the time of the G20 with local Aussie artists,14. And it suddenly exploded one day when we got a phone call from Bono, the Edge and Pearl Jam美国的一个另类摇滚乐队, who all agreed to headline our concert.15. I got a little bit excited that day, as you can see.16. But to our amazement, the Australian government heard our collective voices,17. And they agreed to double investment into global health and development18. An additional 6.2 billion dollars. It felt like --19. It felt like this incredible难以置信的validation验证，生效.20. By rallying团结citizens together, we helped persuade our government to do the unthinkable, and act to fix a problem miles outside of our borders.练1. Searching for valuable items in the garbage.2. What is the "Smoky Mountain"? a pile of steaming garbage3. Why does Evans emphasize the fact that he always ask why when he was younger? to show that he has always been examining new possibilities4. If something is utopian, it is perfect in an unrealistic way.5. A slum is an overcrowded, poor area of a city.6. They wanted their voices to be heard.7. To rally people means to bring them together in order to provide support.8. How did Evans attempt to improve global health and development? by holding a concert to influence world leaders9. By mobilizing citizens to demand systematic changes.10. A musician who headlines a concert holds a concert is the concert's leading performer.11. Why does Evans only use one or two words on his slides? to highlight the key points and prevent distraction.L7-U3-1/7H UGH E VANS：B EING A G LOBALC ITIZEN 3A1. But here's the thing: it didn't last.2. See, there was a change in government, and six years later, all that new money disappeared.3. What did we learn?4. We learned that one-off一次性的spikes钉子，长钉are not enough.5. We needed a s ustainable movement, not one that is susceptible易受影响的to the fluctuating波动的moods of a politician or the hint of an economic downturn衰落.6. And it needed to happen everywhere;7. Otherwise, every individual government would have this built-in excuse mechanism机制that they couldn't possibly carry the burden负担of global action alone.8. And so this is what we embarked从事upon开始.9. And as we embarked upon this challenge,10. we asked ourselves, how do we gain enough pressure and build a broad enough army to win these fights for the long term?11. We could only think of one way.12. We needed to somehow turn that short-term excitement of people involved with the Make Poverty History campaign into long-term passion.13. It had to be part of their identity.14. So in 2012, we cofounded共同创建an organization that had exactly that as its goal.15. And there was only one name for it: Global Citizen.16. But this is not about any one organization.17. This is about citizens taking action.18. And research data tells us that of the total population who even care about global issues,19. only 18 percent have done anything about it.20. It's not that people don't want to act.21. It's often that they don't know how to take action, or that they believe that their actions will have no effect.22. So we had to somehow recruit and activate millions of citizens in dozens of countries to put pressure on their leaders to behave altruistically无私的.23. And as we did so, we discovered something really thrilling,24. That when you make global citizenship your mission, you suddenly find yourself with some extraordinary allies.25. See, extreme poverty isn't the only issue that's fundamentally基本地；根本地；从根本上讲global.26. So, too, is climate change, human rights, gender equality, even conflict.27. We found ourselves shoulder to shoulder with people who are passionate about targeting all these interrelated issues.B1. But how did we actually go about recruiting and engaging those global citizens?2. Well, we used the universal language: music.3. We launched the Global Citizen Festival in the heart of New York City in Central Park,4. And we persuaded some of the world's biggest artists to participate.5. We made sure that these festivals coincided相符with the UN General Assembly联合国大会meeting,6. So that leaders who need to hear our voices couldn't possibly ignore them.7. But there was a twist: you couldn't buy a ticket.8. You had to earn it.9. You had to take action on behalf of a global cause, and only once you'd done that could you earn enough points to qualify.10. Activism is the currency.11. I had no interest in citizenship purely纯粹as some sort of feel-good自我感觉良好thing.12. For me, citizenship means you have to act, and that's what we required.13. And amazingly, it worked.14. Last year, more than 155,000 citizens in the New York area alone earned enough points to qualify.15. Globally, we've now signed up citizens in over 150 countries around the world.16. And last year, we signed up more than 100,000 new members each and every week of the whole year.17. See, we don't need to create global citizens from nothing.18. We're already everywhere.19. We just need to be organized and motivated to start acting.20. And this is where I believe we can learn a lot from Davinia, who started taking actionas a global citizen back in 2012.21. Here's what she did.22. It wasn't rocket science.23. She started writing letters, emailing politicians' offices.24. She volunteered her time in her local community.25. That's when she got active on social media and started to collect pennies -- a lot of pennies.26. Now, maybe that doesn't sound like a lot to you.27. How will that achieve anything?28. Well, it achieved a lot because she wasn't alone.29. Her actions, alongside在旁边；邻近；同时；共存；与…一起142,000 other global citizens', led the US government to double their investment into Global Partnership for Education.30. And here's Dr. Raj Shah, the head of USAID 是U.S. Agency for International Development 的简称，指美国国际开发总署，是美国联邦政府的一个组织，属于美国的援外机构，成立于1961年，总部在华盛顿, making that announcement.31. See, when thousands of global citizens find inspiration灵感from each other, it's amazing to see their collective power.32. Global citizens like Davinia helped persuade the World Bank世界银行to boost their investment into water and sanitation公共卫生；环境卫生.33. Here's the Bank's president Jim Kim announcing 15 billion dollars onstage at Global Citizen,affirmed his commitment承诺to put a toilet in every household and school across India by 2019.35. Global citizens encouraged by the late-night午夜host Stephen Colbert launched a Twitter invasion入侵on Norway挪威.36. Erna Solberg, the country's Prime Minister, got the message, committing to double investment into girls' education.37. Global citizens together with Rotarians called on the Canadian, UK, and Australian governments to boost their investment into polio脊髓灰质炎；POLIOMYELITIS的简称eradication根除，消灭.38. They got together and committed 665 million dollars.练：1. A single success isn’t enough to bring long-term change.2. They are all global issues interrelated with one another.3. What thrilling thing did Evans discover when he developed his organization? He could work with people who were confronting different global challenges.4. When Evans says that there was only one name for their organization, he means that it represented their cause perfectly.5. The purpose of the festival was to encourage global citizens to unite and have their message heard.6. When Evans describes "activism as the current " for tickets to the festival, he means people got tickets through activism, rather than by paying money.7. Its gold is to build a community of people with a lifelong passion for solving global issues.8. The poverty I’d seen in the Philippines was the result of decisions made by a succession of colonial powers and corrupt governments.Sure, they didn’t create Smoky Mountain, but they may as well have.I f we’re to try to help kids like Sonny Boy, it wouldn’t work just to try to send him a few dollars.The core of the problem lay elsewhere.9. He learned that one-off spikes are not enough to bring about global change.L7-U3-1/7H UGH E VANS：B EING A G LOBALC ITIZEN 3A1. But despite all of this momentum, we face some huge challenges.2. See, you might be thinking to yourself, how can we possibly persuade world leaders to sustain a focus on global issues?3. Indeed确实是, the powerful American politician Tip O'Neill美国政治家蒂普·奥尼尔once said, "All politics is local."4. That's what always got politicians elected:5. To seek, gain and hold onto power through the pursuit of local or at very best national interests.6. I experienced this for the first time when I was 21 years old.7. I took a meeting with a then-Australian Foreign Minister who shall remain nameless -- [Alexander Downer]8. And behind closed doors, I shared with him my passion to end extreme poverty贫困. I said, "Minister --9. Australia has this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to help achieve the Millennium 千年的Development Goals. We can do this."10. And he paused, looked down on me with cold, dismissive不屑一顾的；拒绝考虑的eyes, and he said, "Hugh, no one gives a funk惊恐about foreign aid援助."11. Except he didn't use the word "funk."12. He went on. He said we need to look after our own backyard first.13. This is, I believe, outdated过时的，老式的, even dangerous thinking.14. Or as my late grandfather would say, complete BS理学士；外科学士；圣礼；英国钢铁公司.15. Parochialism眼界狭小；地方观念；教区制度offers this false假的dichotomy分裂，对立because it pits使互斗；使相斗；使对抗the poor in one country against the poor in another.16. It pretends we can isolate ourselves and our nations from one another.17. The whole world is our backyard, and we ignore it at our peril危险.18. See, look what happened when we ignored Rwanda卢旺达, when we ignore Syria叙利亚, when we ignore climate change.19. Political leaders ought to give a "funk" because the impact of climate change and extreme poverty comes right to our shore.20. Now, global citizens -- they understand this.21. We live in a time that favors the global citizen, in an age where every single voice can be heard.22. See, do you remember when the Millennium Development Goals were signed back in the year 2000?23. The most we could do in those days was fire off a letter and wait for the next election.24. There was no social media.25. Today, billions of citizens have more tools, more access to information, more capacity to influence than ever before.26. Both the problems and the tools to solve them are right before us.27. The world has changed, and those of us who look beyond our borders are on the right side of history.B1. So where are we?2. So we run this amazing festival, we've scored得分some big policy wins, and citizens are signing up all over the world.3. But have we achieved our mission?4. No. We have such a long way to go.5. But this is the opportunity that I see.6. The concept of global citizenship, self-evident不言而喻的in its logic but until now impractical不切实际的in many ways,7. Has coincided with this particular moment in which we are privileged有特权的；优惠的；特免的to live.8. We, as global citizens, now have a unique opportunity to accelerate加速large-scale大规模的positive change around the world.9. So in the months and years ahead,10. Global citizens will hold world leaders accountable to ensure that the new Global Goals for Sustainable Development are tracked and implemented.11. Global citizens will partner with the world's leading NGOs民间组织（non-governmental organization的缩写）to end diseases like polio脊髓灰质炎；POLIOMYELITIS的简称and malaria疟疾.12. Global citizens will sign up in every corner of this globe, increasing the frequency,quality and impact影响of their actions.13. These dreams are within reach.14. Imagine an army of millions growing into tens of millions, connected, informed, engaged and unwilling to take no for an answer.15. Over all these years, I've tried to reconnect with Sonny Boy.16. Sadly, I've been unable to.17. We met long before social media, and his address has now been relocated by the authorities, as often happens with slums贫民窟.18. I'd love to sit down with him, wherever he is, and share with him how much the time I spent on Smoky Mountain inspired me.19. Thanks to him and so many others, I came to understand the importance of being part ofa movement of people20. The kids willing to look up from their screens and out to the world, the global citizens.21. Global citizens are who stand together, who ask the question "Why?" who reject the naysayers反对者,22. And embrace the amazing possibilities of the world we share.23.I'm a global citizen. Are you?Thank you.练：1. They only care about regional issues.2. If someone is dismissive of something, they do not think it is worth considering.3. How did Australian Foreign Minister react to Evans's request to help end poverty ? He claimed that no one cares about foreign aid.4. When Evan's says we ignore the rest of the world "at our own peril" he means other countries' problems are also related to us.5. The impact of climate change and extreme poverty comes right to our shore.6. Which of the following is not an achievement that was made by Evans' organization ? solving many of the world's issues.7. It motivates people to make a difference.8. Asking “why” influence people to take action and bring about change.9. Why does Evans end his speech by asking the audience if they are global citizen? to encourage people to take action as a global citizen.10. A slum is an overcrowded, poor district of a city.Vocabulary:1. benevolent: 仁慈的2. vulnerable: 易受攻击的；易受伤害的；脆弱的；有局方的；有身价的3. malevolent: 恶意的；狠毒的4. selfish: 不顾别人的；自私的5. altruistic: 利他的；无私心的全文翻译I want to introduce you to an amazing woman. Her name is Davinia.我想介绍一个很厉害的女人。
新概念英语第四册：惯用语 Lesson17
新概念英语第四册：惯用语 Lesson17
【篇一】
carrier n. 1.运载者2.搬运人
mail carrier 邮递员
A:I wish I dioh't have to make a special trip to the post office to get my package.
A:我要是能不特地去一趟邮局取我的包裹就好了。
B:Well, if you call them in the moming they'll give your package to your mail carrier to bring out to you.
B:嗯，如果你早上打电话的话，他们就会把你的包裹给邮递员，让他送给你的。
【篇二】
get rid of 除掉;销毁;摆脱(become free of)
例句：Then an old man, without stopping, dropped a penny into my hat as though getting rid of some guilty evidence.
然后有一位老人边走边把一个一便士的硬币投到我帽子里，好像要销毁犯罪证据似的。
【篇三】
sheep n. 1.羊，绵羊
count sheep 想以数羊的方法入睡
例句：He counted sheep last night, too excited to getto sleep.
昨天晚上他数羊想入睡，可是他太激动了，睡不着。
英语词语表
英语词语表1. Hello -你好2. Goodbye -再见3. Thank you -谢谢4. Please -请5. Yes -是的6. No -不是7. Excuse me -对不起/打扰一下8. I'm sorry -我很抱歉9. How are you? -你好吗？10. Fine, thank you. -我很好，谢谢。
11. What is your name? -你叫什么名字？12. My name is... -我叫……13. Where are you from? -你来自哪里？14. I'm from... -我来自……15. How old are you? -你多大了？16. I'm... years old. -我……岁了。
17. What do you do? -你做什么工作？18. I work as a... -我从事……工作。
19. Do you like it? -你喜欢它吗？20. Yes, I do. / No, I don't. -是的，我喜欢。
/ 不，我不喜欢。
21. Happy birthday! -生日快乐！22. Merry Christmas! -圣诞快乐！23. Have a nice day! -祝你今天愉快！24. How much does it cost? -这个多少钱？25. Can I help you? -需要帮忙吗？26. Here you are. -这是你的。
27. I don't understand. -我不明白。
28. Could you repeat that please? -你能重复一遍吗？29. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. -抱歉，我没听清你的名字。
30. What time is it? -现在几点了？31. It's raining outside. -外面下雨了。
(懂你英语)英语流利说 Level3 Unit1 Part2(完整版)
Level3.Unit1 Part2作者：Ding MingTime ZonesOur planet, the Earth, is the 3rd planet from the sun.It is a beautiful, rotating sphere.The side facing the sun is in daylight.The side facing away from the sun is in darkness.For example, when it's daytime in the US, it’s nighttime in China.In fact, there’s a 12-hour time difference between Boston and shanghai. When it's midnight in Shanghai. It’s noon in Boston.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Earth rotates from west to east.To know which direction is east or west, watch the sun.The sun travels through the sky from east to west.The sun comes up in the east and goes down in the west.Again, this is because the Earth rotates.It takes 24 hours for the Earth to make a complete rotation.And that is the length of one day.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Because of the Earth 's rotation, the Earth is divided into time zones.Some countries, such as the Us, have several time zones.When it's 10am in New York. It’s 7am in San Francisco.Europe and the US are separated by several time zones.When it's 5:00pm in Paris, it’s 11:00am in Boston.So, there's a six-hour difference between Paris and Boston.One large country, China, has just one time zone for the whole country.As a result, at the same time, some parts of the country can be dark and other parts can be light. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------As you travel around the Earth, the time changes.The time of the day depends on your location on the planet.When you travel east or west, you may cross several time zonesFor example, if you travel from Beijing to Los Angeles, you cross eight time zonesThat means when it's noon on Sunday in China, it’s 8:00pm on Saturday in Los Angeles.For travelers, this means it can be very difficult to sleep after a long flightThe clock may say 8:00pm, but for your body it's noon.This is called jet lag.时差反应--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Crossing several time zones causes jet lag.It depends on how far east or west you travelBecause of the Earth's rotation, the Earth is divided into time zones.Kim’s movie star dreamKim is a popular Korean actress.she's 28 years old, slim and beautiful.she has a large fan club and her movie are very popular.Everywhere she goes, her fans want her autograph.but Kim wants more.she wants to be popular all over the world.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tomorrow is a special day for herShe’s leaving for Hollywood. (tomorrow)she's going to Hollywood to meet with some top movie executives.The meeting is scheduled for the day after tomorrowIf the meeting goes well, she’ll be in a Hollywood movieThis is her chance to become a star.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- she met the movie's director last yearHe came to Korea and saw her latest movieAfter that he decided to use her in his new movieFortunately. Kim’s English is excellent, so she can play the role.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The director wants her to play a major role in the movie.The movie's story will take place in the future.At that time, the world will be a very different place.Unfortunately, much of the world will be polluted.Robots will do much of the work, and only the very rich can have a good life.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The ending of the movie is still a secret.Even Kim doesn't know how it will end.But she hopes it will have a happy ending.She wants people to have hope for a better future.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- She wants the movie to have a happy ending.Actions & comparisons行动与比较These people are having a meetingThe woman is giving a presentationThis person is having a scare dreamIn his dream, something is chasing him, so he is running as fast as he canThis old man is a touristHe is looking out the window of his tour busThis young couple is in an art museumThey are looking at a famous paintingThe sun is setting behind the mountainThe sky is turning red-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The longest line is the one on the topThe top line is the longest of the three linesThe shortest line is the one in the middleThe line in the middle is the shorter than the other twoThe bottom line is the shortestThe shortest of the three lines is the one on the bottomThe shirt on the left is more expensive than the shirt on the rightThe shirt on the right is less expensive than the shirt on the leftThe shirt on the left isn't as expensive as the one on the rightThe shirt on the left costs less than the one on the rightseasons and weatherWinter is the coldest season because the sun is at its lowest point in the skyWinter sports include skiing and ice skatingSummer is the hottest season because the sun is at its highest point in the sky Many people like to go swimming in the summer because of the hot weather Spring is the season when the weather gets warmer each dayFor many animals, new life begins in the springAutumn is the season when the weather begins to cool and the days begin to shorten Autumn is when trees turn many colors and leaves fall to the groundRainy season is the season when some countries get most of their rainfallRainy season usually lasts for one or two monthsMissing the FlightM: HI, I’m sorry to be lateW: What happened?You were supposed to be here an hour agoM: Yes, I know. But I missed my flight----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W: You missed your flight? How did that happen?M: I got on the wrong bus this morning.so, I was late to the airport.By the time I arrived, the gate was closed.W: What did you do then?M: I had to rebooked my flight and got on the waiting list------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ W: OH, that’s too bad. At least you got hereM: Yes, it wasn't easy getting on the next flight.I had to ran to the gateW: This kind of thing happens a lot lately.Last week, I missed a flight, too----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- M: What happened?W: There was a traffic accident near the airportM: You were drivingW: No, I wasn’t. I was in a taxi.But it took a long time to get to the airport.The traffic was stopped for nearly 15 minutes.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By the time I got there it was too late to get on the flight.The next flight wasn't for another 3 hours.So, it was a long wait.From now on, I’ll try to get to the airport much earlierM: Me tooA Going Away PartyM: What’s the matter? Why do you look so sad?W: Ada has a new job, she’s going to BeijingM: Really. When’s she leaving?W: She’s leaving at the end of next weekM: Fast soon?W: Yes, she just told meM: That’s too bad. I really enjoy working with herW: Me too. I’m going to miss her.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Let's have a going away party for herM: Good idea. How about this weekend?W: Friday evening would be better. We can have it after workM: Yes, Friday is better-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W: Let’s go to her favorite restaurant, ok?M: which one? The Italian one or the German one?W: The Italian one has better food,so, let's go there. Their pizzas are awesome----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- M: Ok, I'll make the reservationsW: Let me check with Ada first.We don't want her to miss her partyM: Yeah, let's for sure, and could you please invite everyone in the office? W: Sure, no problem. Nobody will want to miss it。
英文单词大全中文
《英文单词大全中文》一、日常用语2. Good morning（古德莫宁）早上好3. Good afternoon（古德阿夫特noon）下午好4. Good evening（古德伊文宁）晚上好5. Goode（古德拜）再见6. Please（普丽斯）请7. Thank you（桑克油）谢谢10. I'm sorry（艾姆桑瑞）对不起二、家庭成员及称谓1. Father（发泽）父亲2. Mother（莫泽）母亲3. Son（桑）儿子4. Daughter（刀特厄）女儿5. Husband（哈ズ本）丈夫6. Wife（歪夫）妻子7. Brother（布鲁泽）兄弟8. Sister（西斯泽）姐妹9. Uncle（安克）叔叔10. Aunt（安特）阿姨三、时间与日期1. Time（太木）时间2. Date（代特）日期3. Monday（慢得尼）星期一4. Tuesday（吐兹得尼）星期二5. Wednesday（温斯得尼）星期三6. Thursday（色斯得尼）星期四7. Friday（夫瑞得尼）星期五8. Saturday（萨特得尼）星期六9. Sunday（桑得尼）星期日10. January（JanYOUarı）一月《英文单词大全中文》四、季节与天气1. Spring（斯普林）春天2. Summer（桑默）夏天3. Autumn（奥特姆）秋天4. Winter（温特）冬天5. Sunny（桑尼）晴朗6. Cloudy（克劳兹迪）多云7. Rainy（瑞尼）下雨8. Snowy（斯诺维）下雪9. Windy（温迪）刮风10. Storm（斯托姆）暴风雨五、食物与饮料1. Breakfast（布雷克费斯特）早餐2. Lunch（伦吃）午餐3. Dinner（迪娜）晚餐4. Bread（布雷德）面包5. Rice（赖斯）米饭6. Cake（凯克）蛋糕7. Coffee（考飞）咖啡8. Tea（题）茶9. Juice（朱斯）果汁10. Water（瓦特厄）水六、职业与工作1. Doctor（多克特）医生2. Nurse（纳斯）护士3. Teacher（梯吃）教师4. Student（斯腾得特）学生5. Engineer（安芝尼厄）工程师6. Driver（ Draɪvər）司机7. Chef（谢夫）厨师8. Policeman（波力森慢）警察9. Fireman（费厄慢）消防员10. Scientist（赛因题斯特）科学家七、交通工具与旅行1. Car（卡尔）汽车2. Bus（巴斯）公共汽车3. Train（特赖恩）火车4. Plane（普莱恩）飞机5. Bicycle（拜塞克拉）自行车6. Boat（博特）船7. Ship（谢普）舰船8. Subway（萨布韦）地铁9. Taxi（太ksi）出租车10. Ticket（太克特）票通过这些词汇的积累，您将能够在不同场景下更自信地使用英语进行沟通。
英语基础单词词汇表
英语基础单词词汇表一、Starter Unit 1 - 3。
1. good [gud] adj. 好的。
2. morning ['mɔ:niŋ] n. 早晨；上午。
3. Good morning! 早上好！4. hi [hai] interj. (用于打招呼)嗨；喂。
5. hello [hə'ləu] interj. 你好；喂。
6. afternoon [ˌɑ:ftə'nu:n] n. 下午。
7. Good afternoon! 下午好！8. evening ['i:vniŋ] n. 晚上；傍晚。
9. Good evening! 晚上好！10. how [hau] adv. 怎样；如何。
11. are [ɑ:(r)] v. 是。
12. you [ju:] pron. 你；你们。
13. How are you? 你好吗？14. I [ai] pron. 我。
15. am [æm] v. 是。
16. fine [fain] adj. 健康的；美好的。
17. thanks [θæŋks] n. 感谢；谢谢。
18. OK [əu'kei] interj. & adv. 好；可以。
二、Unit 1。
1. name [neim] n. 名字；名称。
2. nice [nais] adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的。
3. to [tu:, tə] prep. 常用于原形动词之前，表示该动词为不定式。
4. meet [mi:t] v. 遇见；相逢。
5. too [tu:] adv. 也；又；太。
6. your [jɔ:(r)] pron. 你的；你们的。
7. his [hiz] pron. 他的。
8. her [hə:(r)] pron. 她的。
三、Unit 2。
1. sister ['sistə(r)] n. 姐；妹。
2. mother ['mʌðə(r)] n. 母亲；妈妈。
英语三千五百词汇表正序版
英语三千五百词汇表正序版A.abandon [əˈbændən] vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃 n. 放任；狂热。
ability [əˈbɪləti] n. 能力；才能。
able [ˈeɪbl] adj. 能够的；有能力的；能干的。
abnormal [æbˈnɔːml] adj. 反常的；变态的。
aboard [əˈbɔːd] prep. 在（船、飞机、车）上；上（船、飞机、车）adv. 在船（或飞机、车）上；上船（或飞机、车）abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] vt. 废除；废止。
abortion [əˈbɔːʃn] n. 流产；堕胎。
about [əˈbaʊt] prep. 关于；大约；在……周围adv. 大约；到处；周围adj. 在附近的；四处走动的。
above [əˈbʌv] prep. 在……上面；超过；高于adv. 在上面；在上文adj.上文的；上述的。
abroad [əˈbrɔːd] adv. 在国外；到国外；广为流传。
abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj. 突然的；意外的；唐突的。
absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 没有；缺乏；缺席。
absent [ˈæbsənt] adj. 缺席的；缺少的；心不在焉的vt. 使缺席。
absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] adj. 绝对的；完全的；专制的。
absorb [əbˈsɔːb] vt. 吸收；吸引；承受；理解；使……全神贯注。
abstract [ˈæbstrækt] adj. 抽象的；理论的；抽象派的n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念vt. 摘要；提取；使……抽象化。
absurd [əbˈsɜːd] adj. 荒谬的；可笑的。
abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产。
abuse [əˈbjuːz] vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂。
懂你英语LUnit
U n i t2-1l i s t e n i n g退休和投资Walter wants to retire within the next few years. He has been working at the same company for over 15 years as an accountant. During that time, he’s been saving his money and paying off that debt. However, even with his savings an d investments, he isn’t sure that he will have enough money for retirement. If it doesn’t, he will have to keep on working, which depends on the company. For now, the company is ok. But it’s no longer growing as fast as it used to. Whether or not he can keep on his working will also depend on his health. Fortunately, he is in good health. But he knows that that could change in any time. If he fell down or had a stroke, it could force him to stop working. If that happened, he would have to rely on his savings and other assets to survive. Soon or later, he knows his health will decline and he will have to stop working. So he needs to prepare.Most of his wealth is in the form of company stock and the value of his home. Both of these are at risk. The company stock may go down and the value of his home may also fall. The company he works for is a pharmaceutical(制药的) company. It develops new drugs which is risky business and sells them worldwide. It’s expensive to develop new drugs and it can take a very long tim e to get a new drug approved. Without government approval, it can’t be sold, which can result in a huge loss. Another threat the company comes from foreign competition, which is getting stronger. The company has also started to move some of its researches and production facilities oversees. Salary level is lower there, and the quality of the foreign workers is getting better. As a result, the company has to reduce its local hiring and it’s no longer giving large bonuses.One thing he is considering, is to sell his share in the company. He could begin to sell a little at a time and reinvest the money in somewhere else. But where would he invest He doesn’t know much about investing and several of his friend have lost a lot by making a bad investment. Investing in real restate or the stock market could be very risky. In the best case, he will make a lot of money. If that happened, he could finally retire and enjoy a comfortable life. On the other hand, in the worst case, his investments could result in a huge l oss. If that happened, he wouldn’t be able to enjoy his retirement. He wouldn’t be able to travel or do any of things that he’s dreamed about doing. So now he has to decide what he should do. Should he begin to sell his stock in the company or should he wait until he actually needs the money. If he sold now, he will have to decide what to do with the money. His investment could turn out well or it could turn out to be a disaster. On the other hand, if you decide to wait, anything will depend on his company. The one advantage he has with this options is he’s being on the inside of the company. With his insider information, he can predict the company’s shot-term future. This is especially true because as an account, he has an access to the company’s financial data. If things start to go badly, he can begin to sell his stock and avoid a big loss. Otherwise, it’s probably safer to keep the stock and hope that the company does well even if its growth rate declines. So for now, that is probably what he should do. If you were he, what would you doUnit 2-1 dialogue 非洲和巴黎旅行So, where should we go on our vacation. What about AfricaAfrica, no, that’s not for me. Why do you want to go the AfricaI’d like to get out and see the wildlife, the drama of nature! We could se e some of the great migrations. Wow, you are adventurer. What about food and diseases What about terrorism.Sure something that could happen. But if we never take any risks, we won’t have an interesting life. I don’t want to have a boring life.So, you think I’m boring then, right.Well, you’re certainly not the most exciting person. What plays thing safe and secure.I don’t mind take a few risks but it’s got to be worth it. Watching animals migrate is something I could see in a documentary. And I don’t like the idea of being around predators(肉食动物), like lions and hyenas(鬣狗).Ok, my brave man. What would you like to doWell, I’ve been thinking about it. I think it’s nice to go to Paris in the fall and visit some museums. We can go to a concert and go to see a ballet.Ah, we’ve been to Paris before. That’s exciting about it and I’m tired of museums. Any other ideasOne place that might be interesting is in South America, Machu Picchu. It’s an abandoned city way up in the mountain Peru.Yes, I’ve heard o f it. that might be interesting.Should we look into itSure, you look into it and I’ll get some information about trips to Africa.So your heart is ready set on Africa, isn’t itYes, it really is. I need something exciting in my life now. all I do work and be with you. I need a change. Don’t you ever feel that wayOK, I hear you. Let’s go to Africa. And don’t blame me if you get sick along the way.Great, you are not so bad after all. I can always depend on you.Be careful. Maybe one of these days I will surprise you.Unit 2-1 reading 在线相亲和运动受伤Is online dating killing loveA fair maiden is guarded by a dragon. A handsome prince must slay(杀) the dragon to save her. Then, magically, they fall in love and live happily ever after.Traditional stories tend to emphasize the fantastic, magical side of love. Fate plays matchmaker(媒人). Strangers see each other from across a room and instantly know that they are destined to be together.It isn’t difficult to imagine two strangers coming together and falling in love despite their differences. It suggests that love is challenging, uncertain and incomprehensible.But with more people using online dating services, a very different kind of love has emerged: one that is scientific, convenient, and self-directed. It minimizes risk and provides a choice, like on a menu. There is anonymity and avoidance(逃避) of immediate rejection. Meeting terms are negotiated online.Online dating also allows the setting of preconditions. Computer algorithms(程序) exclude undesirable traits(个性/特征) such as the wrong hair color, race or age. But they also exclude randomness. They reduce the chances of meeting someone different, or someone who could challenge one’s romantic ideals. Instead, they find the partner we think we want and exclude everyone else. As a result, we could be missing the opportunity of a lifetime, to meet someone we would never have expected to fall in love with.Perhaps this new way represents a more efficient form of romance. Traditional ideas of love may be enchanting(迷人的) – but are they useful Loneliness and boredom are less exciting than chance encounters, but they represent the more realistic side of love. All too often people have suffered through had dates and humiliations(羞辱).If they could just choose what they wa nted. Wouldn’t it save time and reduce suffering However, by choosing partners based on our preconceived ideas, we may be indulging in our illusions. Instead of letting ourselves grow with someone, love becomes more about looking for ourselves in the other. What if we don’t know ourselves as well as we think Perhaps love isn’t about knowing what we want. Perhaps it’s about being open to unimagined possibilities.Sport injuriesSport injuries are injuries that happen to athletes participating in sporting events. In many cases, these types of injuries are due to overuse of a part of the body. For example, runner’s knee is a painful conditionassociated with running, while tennis elbow is a form of repetitive stress injury at the elbow. Other types of injuries, such as a broken bone, can be caused by hard contact with something. Injuries are a common occurrence in professional sports, and most teams have a staff of trainers and close connections to the medical community. Controversy has arisen at times when teams have made decisions that could threaten a player’s long-term health for short-team gain.Sport injuries can be classified as either traumatic(外伤的) or overuse injuries. Traumatic injuries account for most injuries in contact sports such as soccer, rugby(英式橄榄球), and American football. This is of course due to the dynamic and high collision nature of these games. These injuries range from bruises and muscle strains to fractures and head injuries.A bruise is damage to small blood vessels which causes bleeding within the tissues. A muscle strain is a small tear of muscle fibers and a ligament sprain(韧带拉伤) is a small tear of ligament tissue. The body’s response to these injuries is the same in the initial five-day period immediately following the incident –inflammation(发炎). Inflammation is characterized by pain, localized swelling, heat, redness and a loss of function.Inflammation is the first phase of healing, and typically lasts for around five days. However, too much of an inflammatory response can mean that the healing process will take longer, and a return to activity is delayed. Sports injury treatments are intended to minimize the inflammatory phase of an injury so that the overall healing process is accelerated.Runner’s knee is a painful injury that’s due to overuse.Inflammation is the first phase of healing and typically lasts for around 5 days.Unit 2-2 listening 情态动词Now that you have studied in English at a high lever, let’s get a better understanding of the models. By now, you should already have a good understanding of what they meant. There are the models which are used to express the degree of certainty.Will shall may canThese models are used to make predictions, judgements and speculations. They indicate how much a speaker knows about the likelihood of an event.First, the model will express certainty as in if you heat water, it will boil. Based on what is known, the speaker is certain it would happen.The model may express possibility, as in it may rain this evening, but I’m not sure. Based on what is known, the speaker asserts that event is possible rather than certain or impossible.The model can express the potentiality or ability, as in he can afford it, but he may decide not to buy.The model “shall” is a bit different from othe rs. Tina shall be there means the speaker is determined that Tina will be there. In other words, the speaker is determined to get her to come and would try to influence events to make it happen. We would never say it shall rain. Nobody can make it rain so whether it rain or not is beyond one’s control. If some were to say that, it would seem as they were claiming the power to control or influence nature. Know that the question shall I open the door invites the person who is asked to make a decision. Whether or not the door is open depends on the person’s answer. In contrast, will I open the door ask for a prediction rather a decision.Know what these models can be weakened or removed or by some of these pass time form.Would should might couldWe would go if we had more money but we don’t. this sentence expresses the speaker’s certainty of going if they had more money, which they don’t. so the certain prediction exists but in an imaginary or unreal situation. The model might express less possibility than may so might go is less likely than may go. The models could express less potentiality than can and it’s often used in conditionals(从句). If he could comeexpresses less potential than if he can come. If he could come, we would all be happier expresses the feeling that in fact he can’t come.Here are the second sets of model.Must, should, had, better oughtThese models express degree of logical force or social expectations. Know that none of them has a past time or weakened form.The first one must indicates logical or social necessity. It expresses the strongest logical or social force.The model should and ought to assert that something is probably or expected but not necessary.The model had better expresses advice or ability. In other words, if someone had better do something, they should do it or there may be negative consequences. Therefore, had better has a feeling of threat, as in you had better be there. This isn’t the same as you should do it, which means you are expected to do it but without an applied threat if you don’t.One interesting rule is that no more than one model can be used with any verb. There are no exceptions to this rule. Therefore, it’s incorrect to say “he will must be there”. To avoid breaking this rule, there are other words that have the same meaning but are not models. The case of must, for example, we use have to, as in we will have to be there. Similarly, we cannot say he may can come. Instead, we say he may be able to come. One last thing to know about models. We use the same form regardless of what the subject is. If the subject is I, it, we or they, we use the same form will. We would never say “we wills be there”. But with non-model form, such as have to, we must change the form to match the subject. He has to be there and I have to be there.We shall overcome all obstacles express determination to make it happen.We don’t know for sure but there is still a possibility that they can leave on Friday.Unit 2-2 dialogue 感情和分手What’s wrong You look awful.My boyfriend a nd I had just had another fight. I think I’m going to break up with him.Hey, you’ve said that before. Calm down. Is that really what you want to doYeah, I think so. I don’t see any future in our relationship.Is that anyone else you’re interested inNo, but there are some guys on the internet who have sent my messages.What You’ve been online.Sure, just for fun.It’s nice to know that I can meet people if I want to.Does your boyfriend know about itNo, if he knew, he would be furious. He can be very jealous and he has a violent temper.Anyway, what was your fight aboutIt’s just the way he talked to me. He never shows any interested in what I’m doing or in what I’m feeling. if I had a bad headache or anything he says nothing.So who started the fightHe came over and wanted to kiss me and I turned away. I told him I didn’t feel anything for him right then. So then he got angry and we both blew up. Now we are not talking to each other.Oh is that all That kind of thing is normal. Maybe you’re overre acting.No, it’s just that I’m beginning to realize that I don’t feel anything for him anymore.Our relationship is getting cold. We don’t feel appreciated.Well then maybe you should break up for a while and start seeing other men. But be careful. If I were you, I wouldn’t start seeing anyone else until I break up first.What do you think soIf he sees that you’re serious about breaking up, he may change.Maybe, but I doubt it.It could be that he feels the same way about you. Maybe he has lost inter est. So it’s best to find out. You need to have a serious conversation with him.You’re right. Maybe it’s time to really find out.Unit 2-2 reading 爱情和旅游胜地马丘比丘The love labHow we communicate with our romantic partners can have a strong impact on the quality of our relationships. Psychologists John and Julie Gottman run the “Love Lab”, where thousands of couples have been studied over the last 30 years. The purpose of their research is to determine the factors that lead to happy and unhappy relationships. From their data, they have concluded that contempt(轻蔑), criticism, defensiveness, and stonewalling are the most significant factors that can hurt a marriage or relationship. Among these, contempt is the biggest predictor of divorce. People who feel contempt for their partner often convey disapproval without addressing the issue. They sometimes label their partner with insulting words such as “lazy”, “stupid” or “emotional” which is particularly damaging.Many couples try to address issues by criticizing t heir partner’s flaws or mistakes directly. Being too direct with criticism can hurt your partner’s self-esteem. Some people may react to criticism by stonewalling, where they refuse to acknowledge and respond to their partner for a period of time. Unfortunately, fighting back or ignoring your partner can make it difficult to determine the root of your problems. If your partner feels that they aren’t valued, it may lead to increased dissatisfaction with the relationship. The Gottmans maintain that being aware of these factors in communication is the first step to improving a relationship. It is important to acknowledge that all relationships have issues. The goal shouldn’t be to avoid these issues, but to learn to resolve them. In particular, we should avoid communication in ways that hurt our partner’s self-esteem. It is better to discuss problems in a way that is less confrontational and can better help your partner sympathize with your perspective. For example, rather than saying why are you ignoring me. It’s rude! One could say I feel hurt and undervalued when I don’t get a response from you. By being conscious of how we communicate with our partner, we can begin to build a healthier relationship.Their research has given us insight into how to make our relationships better.The lost city of the IncasMachu Picchu is one of the world’s most impressive historical sites. It was built around 1450 by the Incas, who ruled most of south America at that time. They called themselves children of the Sun, the powerful god they worshipped as the source of light and life. Located in the Andes Mountains of Peru, at 8000 feet above sea level, the “City of the Incas” was mysteriously abandoned just 100 years after its construction. This was when the Spanish were beginning their conquest of the Inca Empire, in the 1530’s. there is no evidence that the Spanish invaders ever attacked or even reached the mountaintop city, so many believe that the city’s inhabitants deserted(抛弃) the site because of a small pow epidemic.The city was almost forgotten until 1911 when it was discovered by an American historian, Hiram Bingham, after he heard rumors of its existence. Bingham was led to the site by local farmers and was amazed by what he saw, which seemed like an unbelievable dream. He wondered if anyone would believe what he had found.Though the surrounding jungle had overgrown the site, what remained was impressive. The city had been built on a remote and nearly inaccessible mountaintop, often shrouded in clouds. Forty rows of farming terraces(梯田) hued the steep mountainside, each over 10 feet high and liked together by over 3000 stone steps. Among the city were what appeared to be neighborhoods of homes and exquisite(精致的) stone buildings that are thought to be temples. Even today, the mystery remains as to the purpose of these temples, how the city was used and what its citizens did.Despite its remote location, Machu Picchu has become one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. Every year, thousands of people travel to Peru to admire its magnificent stonework and breathtaking design. What they see is a wonderful harmony between the city and the landscape around it that is captivating.Unit 2-3 listening 凯撒和肯尼迪之死In this course we have tried to prepare you to understand and discuss important topics that are often in the news. Sometimes the news is good news, but all too often we learn of problems and crises. Once in a while, an event is extraordinary and will change the word. In this lesson, we focus on 2 events that changed history forever.One of the most famous assassinations in history was the assassination of Julius Caesar. At the time of his death in 44 DC, he was the leader of Roman empire. His title was Dictator for life, which meant he had absolute authority for as long as he lived. He had gain this power through his successes as a military commander. In fact, historian considered him to be one of greatest military commanders in history. Once gaining in power and fought against the corruption and began to restructure the government. For example, he increased the number of senator and changed how they were chosen. Instead of being elected, they could be appointed, even if they are not from Rome. This action reduced the power of individual senators and shifted it to Caesar himself. In doing so, he created several of enemies, especially the aristocracy. However, he also had many admirers, who supported his efforts to end the corruptions. Caesar was s to death by a group of Roman senators, at March 15, 44 BC. He was scheduled to lead Rome, 3 years later, to fight in another war. He had appointed members of his enemies to rule the empire while he was away. This action angered many of Roman senators, who didn’t want to take orders from Caesar’s subordinates. He should have been aware that many of the senators hated him, but he dismissed the security force not long before his assassination. If he hadn’t dismissed it, the assassination attempt might not have succeed. On the day of his assassination, it is reported that Caesar may have been handed a warning notes as he entered in senate. If he did receive such a note, he didn’t read it. it seems that he was at the state of denials and refused to recognize the danger that was facing him. Once he had entered the senate, he was surrounded by senators holding daggers or knives. The first blow hit Caesar in his neck and drew blood. Then and other senators joined in and stabbed him repeatedly, until he fl to the floor and died. In total, he suffered 23 knife wounds. with his death, power shifted to his adopted son Octavian, who vowed revenge against the event of assassins. Eventually, several of the leading assassins were either killed or committed suicide. After a power struggle, Octavian strengthened his position as leader and rul ed the empire for years. In the end, Caesar’s attempts to end corruption failed.Another event that shocked the world, was the assassination of the president, Jack Kennedy. He was shot while riding in a motorway in a city of Dallas tax. Kennedy and his wife was sitting in an open car, waving to a large crowd of people when he was shot. They were sitting in an open car with no protect because the sky was clear. It had rained until about 10 am but then the sun came out. If the sky hadn’t cleared, they would have been a bubble car or clear roof, on the car. This would have prevented the assassination. Kennedy wanted it down so that he could be closer to the crow through they agree him. Another factor that contributed to his assassination was the round of motorcade through the city. The round was published several days earlier in the local newspapers. The motorcade was passing through the downtown Dallas and round the shot corner near the building where the assassin worked.From that building, there was a clea r view of president’s car. If the round had been different,the assassination probably wouldn’t have taken place. The president was struck by 2 bullets but it was the second one that probably killed him. That was the fatal shot. It opened a massive of room in this head. Sitting beside him, his wife’s last words to his husband were, Jack, Jack, can you hear me, I love you Jack. The assassin’s quick shots were incredibly accurate. If the fatal shot had been off by just a little, Kennedy mighthave survived. So if any of these factors had been different, history would have changed. Kennedy’s death disillusioned Americans who have been inspired by his vision for the future. With his death, a whole generation of Americans woke up to a reality where their dreams for a brighter future had been shattered. He might have been overconfident and unaware of the magnitude of the dangerous facing him.Unit 2-3 Dialogue 亲人去世I’m sorry to hear about your father. I hope he died peacefully.Emm. He knew it was coming and he had a good life. He’d been sick for about for about a year. Luckily, there wasn’t much pain.So how is your motherShe hasn’t taken it well. Even know she knew it was coming, she has a hard time without him. She just the house seemed so empty and she felt she’s useless.I can imagine. Does she have many friendsShe has a few but she has never been very social. Maybe she’ll get out a bit more now but I don’t think that’s very likely. She’s also beginning to lose her memory.Oh, that’s too bad. My mother is losing her memory too. Sometime she doesn’t know who I am. She mixed me up with my sister.Does she live by herselfShe did until about a year ago. Then we had her come and stay with us.How is that working out.It was ok at first but now with her mem ory problems, it isn’t working. We are thinking about putting her into a senior living community. It was expensive but they can provide her with spon.You may have to do that too. My husband and my mother don’t get along at all. You can’t relax when she’s around. When I mentioned it to him, he said he would consider it but only if it were for a very short time. Well, I’m sorry you have to deal with it. it doesn’t seem that there are any good choices.Emm, I’m afraid that’s right. We are getting older too. This is another reminder of our mortality. You are no longer children so now it’s our turn to take care of our parents.The way I see is a reminder for us to enjoy life while we can. If you like, I can send you information about some senior communities.Please do. We need to start to making plans.There are waiting list to get into some of senior community.Unit 2-3 Reading 凯撒和印度的老年化Should a good leader be loved or feared This question is as relevant to leaders today as it was to Julius Caesar when he took control of Rome in 44 BC. How Caesar treated his enemies is a valuable lesson on forgiveness, arrogance, and absolute power.After Caesar seized power, he had to decide how to handle those who opposed him. Roman politics had always been bloody. The previous dictator(独裁者) had murdered 5000 of his rivals and confiscated(没收) their property after coming to power. Caesar’s enemies expected a similar punishment.But Caesar was determined not to rule through fear. If he were to reform the government, he would need the support of the people. So he made a fateful decision: rather than punish or kill his enemies, he offered them mercy and incentives. He didn’t seize their property, and he even rewarded some of them withhigh-ranking government positions.How ever, not all of his enemies wanted to be forgiven. Caesar’s rivals came from the aristocracy. Many had held power in the senate for centuries. By expanding and reforming the senate, Caesar had shifted power away from the aristocracy and taken it for himself. The high-ranking positions he had given as rewards had no real authority. For the aristocracy, to live without power was not forgiveness, but humiliation.Caesar should have known that many senators hated him, but his arrogance seems to have blinded him. After he made himself dictator for life, he proclaimed(正式宣布) himself a god and consolidated more power. These actions infuriated(激怒) his enemies and even his allies. However, he still considered many senators to be his loyal friends. He even dismissed his personal security force. Ironically, when he was assassinated, it was his good friend, Brutus, who led the plot.Perhaps it is better for a leader to be feared. If Caesar hadn’t let his rivals live, he might not have been murdered. But was forgiveness the problem Caesar’s reforms took power from the aristocracy, and his arrogance angered both friends and enemies. Perhaps if he hadn’t been so arrogant, or acted like a god, he would have survived.Lack of adequate care for senior citizens is a real issue in India that cuts across economic and social strata(各阶层). Many of us have personally lived through and experienced it with our parents and elders. Most senior citizens, especially those who live independently, are unable to get the care and trusted support they need. As a result, they compromise on their needs and lifestyle. Their children or caregivers are forced to spend disproportionate(不成比例的) time, and/or resources to support them. So much so, that many women are forced to stay away from the workforce to take care of elders at home.The imminent(迫在眉睫) demographic(人口统计学的), economic, and social changes that accompany the growing population of senior citizens, together with the rising aspirations of the young, leading to more women in the workforce, are rapidly driving up the magnitude(量级) of this problem.If we look at numbers, India is home to 115 million elderlies, which is more than 8% of the population. Many of us don’t realize it, but that puts India into the category of “aging” countries. While India’s overall population will grow by about 40% from 2006 to 2050, the population of the oldest elderly, 80 plus, will grow 500% over the same period. This should be enough to make one take notice. Engaging with the elderly will become one of the biggest areas of work in the country. Some may see this as a challenge and some as a huge opportunity.Businesses have attempted to address this only sporadically(偶发的), with emotional advertising that features a poignant(尖锐的) conversation involving an elderly grandparent. But there has been very little effort to provide products and services. The reasons for such apathy(冷漠), especially among entrepreneurs, are not difficult to guess. Many feel that the elderly are cynical(怀疑的), not open to experiment and not willing to spend. Investors see bigger opportunities for exponential growth in addressing young, upwardly mobile consumers. Still, I’m left with the question of why aren’t more products and services designed for the elderlyI sense a problem looking for the solution.Unit 2-4 listening 人口老龄化The world’s population is growing at a rate of a little more than 1% per year. However, not all segments of the population are growing at the same rate. This graph shows that the rates of growth have 3 different groups, children, adults and elderly. As you can see, while the population of children is fairly constant, the elderly population is increasing at the fastest rate. This is due to very low birthrates in developed country and birthrate declines most developing countrie s. As a result of this trend, the world’s population is aging. Between 2015 and 2050, the percentage of world’s population over 60 is nearly doubled. In 2015, there were 900 million people over 60 and 2050, the number should be around 2 billion. Aging populations are becoming a huge problem in many countries, especially in developing counties. It used to be that many elderly people lived with the family and helped take care of the next generation. They had a place to stay and people who help take care of them when they need an assistance. Now however, many elderly people or senior citizens are left on their own. This is partly the result of people having fewer children and also because of the massive urbanization. Young and middle age audits have left the rural area for economic。