虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别
(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结
虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如： If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday， he would have asked you about it。
如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
（事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
）1。
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。
错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had listened to the doctor， you would be all right now。
如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)3。
省略连词if （倒装)。
在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come）, tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you）， I would not do it。
Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow）, I should ask him about it。
要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。
Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler， the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话，自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。
虚拟语气用法详解
虚拟语气用法详解1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间2.条件句中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。
(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If he were free, he would help us.要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
(3)过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
如：If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。
3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题:(1)虚拟条件从句中的倒装：当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, h ad 时，if 可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。
如：If he should agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
If she were here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
虚拟语气的规则总结
虚拟语气虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
一、if从句：（二）错综时间的虚拟句：通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来）??（三）省略：If 从句中含有were, should, had时，可省略if并把were, should, had提前。
例如：Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注：注：would, should, could与might的选择：①一般常用would，如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。
常译作“将、就会”。
如：If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话，我就会向他求助。
虚拟语气和错综条件句和含蓄虚拟
虚拟语气表示说话人所言内容不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令或猜测，有时只是说话者的主观愿望，或表达他/她的强烈情感，谓语动词用特殊形式。
一．虚拟语气在if 条件句中的用法If从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。
2. 条件中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
如：如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，他会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well.如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
If I were you, I would never do that. 如果我是你,我决不做那件事。
If it weren’t for (=But for) your help, I would still be homeless. 若不是你帮忙，我现在还是无家可归。
If I had more money, I would buy a car. 我要是有再多一点钱，我就买汽车了。
If there were no subjective mood，English would be much easier. 要是没有虚拟语气，英语就会容易得多了。
If I knew his telephone number，I would ring him up. 我要是知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了。
If I were you, I would go there at once.If my classmates were here, they would help me.If I were you, I would accept the job.If classes were smaller, children would learn more.If I were ten years younger, I would start all over again.If I had enough money, I would buy a large house.If I had time, I would go shopping with you.If I knew all the answers to all your questions, I would be a genius.If he were here now, we would ask him about it.If I had time, I would study French.If I knew her number, I could ring her. (可惜我不知道)If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. (实际上地球引力始终存在。
虚拟语气用法总结
概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这 种形式称为语气。语气分三种： 1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有 肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。
He is late for class. What fun!
He is not interested in classical music. 2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告 等（动词常用原形） Don’t be late！ 3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假 设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
2.If I were you, I would accept his advice. Were I you,……
3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
Should it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,
（或用could have done） 与将来事实相反 could/would/might + do/be
I wish (that)he_w_o_u_ld_/_c_ou_l_d_/m__ig_h_t v_i_si(tvisit) us tomorrow.
I wish (that) he__v_i_si_te_d___(visit)us today. I wish he_h_a_d_v_i_si_t_ed__u_s/_c_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_v_is_i_te_d__u_s (visit) us yIfeosntelyrdyaoyu. __h_a_d_li_s_te_n_e_d___ （listen)to our advice!
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法（一）形式注：1．在从句中，be动词多用were的形式。
在口语中，如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话，be动词可用was，但人们总是说：If I were you．．．2．主句中的谓语可以由would，should，could和might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。
3．与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语有三种不同的形式：过去式、were ＋to do或should ＋do。
例句1：If I were you，I would study hard．我要是你的话，我就会好好学习。
（与现在事实相反）例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester．我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。
（与过去事实相反）例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC．我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。
（与将来事实相反）1/ 9（二）省略／倒装如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be 或have，则可把if省略，把上类动词提到主语之前，使用倒装语序。
例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood．4要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。
例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me．5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。
注4：例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not，如果把该句还原成正常语序，应该是：If it hadn't been for the PLA，we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood．但是一旦句子发生了省略，就必须把hadn't分开，否定词not还原，放在主语之后，不可写成Hadn't it been for的形式。
错综时间虚拟与含butforwithout的虚拟（四）
错综时间虚拟与含butforwithout的虚拟（四）错综时间虚拟条件句与含有but for/without条件句的虚拟（四）虚拟语气内容的语法点较多，Master Osifu English这一讲继续为大家讲述虚拟语气。
大家可以按照虚拟语气的语法点逐条学习，Master Osifu English尽量为大家明晰思路，帮助大家掌握此知识点。
(一)错综时间虚拟条件句：即主句与条件从句的谓语动词所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间虚拟条件句”。
下面，Master Osifu English以例句的形式为大家讲解。
（1）If you had taken medicine yesterday, you would feel better now. 要是昨天你吃了药，现在会感觉更好些。
（此处if条件句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时，而主句是对现在的虚拟，故用would+do的形式。
）（2）If he were not ill, he would have finished the job. 如果他没有生病，他早就完成工作了。
（此处if条件句是对现在的虚拟，故用过去时，而主句是对过去的虚拟，故用would have done 的形式。
）(二)but for/without条件句的虚拟：在含有but for/without条件句的虚拟中，首先要判断句子是哪种情况的虚拟，是现在情况、将来情况还是过去的情况？例如：Without water, the fish would die. 没有水，鱼儿会死的。
But for the teacher’s help, she could not have passed the exam. 要不是老师的帮助，她不可能考试及格。
下面让我们练习题型的形式来理解并巩固此知识点。
1._____Lucy, we _____ the book last month.A.Without; would loseB. If not; will loseC.But for; would have lostD.If it is not for; would have lose解析：答案C.解题思路，主句的last month给出的信息为过去，那么此句为过去情况的虚拟，故谓语动词为would have done形式，能与之搭配的只有but for，所以选C.2.Without the policemen’s help, they_____their lives.A.would have lostB.should loseC.might loseD. can lost解析：答案A.解题思路，首先判断此句属于什么情况的虚拟，根据句意，应为过去情况的虚拟，故主语应为would have done形式，所以选A.3.I ____sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A.had comeB.was comingC.would comeD. would have come解析：答案D.解题思路，此题前后句时间不一致，为错综时间虚拟句，前面的句子表示过去情况，故为would have done形式。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
如：If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的时机，我会更加努力学习。
If you had e earlier, you would catch the bus.→Had you e earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。
③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。
如：What would you do with a million dollars" (=if you had a million dollars)如果你有100万元，你会做什么？We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we hadn’t got your help)没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。
虚拟语气的几种用法
虚拟语气的几种用法1．错综时间条件句虚拟语气通常用于含条件状语从句的主从复合句中。
条件状语从句中表示与现在、过去或将来事实相反的虚拟语气比较容易掌握，但绝不可把它们当作一成不变的数学公式一样对待。
就是说，不能只单纯背语法条条框框，而应充分理解句子锁定的语言环境。
有时从句动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致。
这时就要根据各自表示的时间概念加以调整。
如：If he had taken my advice, he would be much betternow．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。
）2．含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不是以条件状语从句的形式表示出来，而是通过一个介词(如：without; butfor)引出的短语，一个连词（如：but; or; otherwise）引出的从句或其它方式来表示。
如：Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the job intime．(Without your help＝If you hadn’t helped us)He could have given you more help, but he was busy．(buthe was busy＝if he had not been busy)3．倒装句如从句中有were, had或should，则可以省去if, 并将were,had或should提前到句首，构成部分倒装。
如：Were I to be young again, I would studymedicine．(从句正常语序为：If I were to be young again)Had you not left so early, you might have missed thetrain．(从句正常语序为：If you had not left so early)4．错综语气有时从句用虚拟语气，主句却用陈述语气或祈使语气。
高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么
高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点是什么在高考英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法点，也是让许多同学感到头疼的部分。
虚拟语气用于表达与事实相反、假设、愿望、建议等情况，它的用法多样，且有不少需要注意的地方。
接下来，咱们就详细地探讨一下高考英语中虚拟语气的用法和注意点。
一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法1、与现在事实相反条件从句用一般过去时（be 动词用 were），主句用“would ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋动词原形”。
例如：If I were you, I would take the job （如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。
）2、与过去事实相反条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋ have ＋过去分词”。
比如：If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam （如果你学习更努力些，你就会通过考试了。
）3、与将来事实相反条件从句有三种形式：① should ＋动词原形；② were to ＋动词原形；③一般过去时。
主句用“wou ld ／ could ／ should ／ might ＋动词原形”。
举个例子：If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home （要是明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
）二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1、 wish 后的宾语从句表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反，用“would ／ could ＋动词原形”。
例如：I wish I were as tall as you （我希望我和你一样高。
）2、表示“建议、要求、命令”等动词后的宾语从句这类动词有suggest（建议）、advise（建议）、insist（坚持要求）、order（命令）、demand（要求）等，从句谓语用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
英语中错综时间虚拟条件句是什么
英语中错综时间虚拟条件句是什么
一些学生在学习虚拟语气时，不清楚什么是错综时间虚拟条件句，今天我给大家简单说明一下：
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不
一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如：
If you had followed my advice last month, you would be better now.
If I were you, I would have taken his advice.（从句表示现在时间，主句表示过去时间）
If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.（从句表示过去时间，主句表示现在时间）
If it hadn’t been raining those days, we should be going on with the second stage of the works.（从句表示过去进行时间，主句表示现在进行时间）。
中的虚拟语气与非真实条件句的常见用法总结
中的虚拟语气与非真实条件句的常见用法总结在汉语中，虚拟语气是一种表示假设、愿望、推测或建议等非真实情况的语法结构。
通过运用虚拟语气和非真实条件句，可以表达一种与实际情况相反或不确定的假设。
本文将总结中的虚拟语气和非真实条件句的常见用法。
一、虚拟语气用法1. 虚拟语气表示与实际事实相反：- 表达与现在相反的情况：若你是他的朋友，你就了解他的困难。
- 表达与过去相反的情况：要是我知道你的困难，我就帮助你了。
- 表达与将来相反的情况：要是你不忙的话，我会带你去参加那个活动。
2. 虚拟语气表示愿望或建议：- 表达现在的愿望：要是我有更多时间，我就可以更多地陪伴家人。
- 表达对过去的遗憾：要是我早点知道这个方法，我就不会浪费那么多时间了。
- 表达对将来的期望：要是你能来参加我的生日派对，我会非常高兴。
3. 虚拟语气表示推测或假设：- 表达推测的假设：要是他有足够的钱，他就可以买下那辆车。
- 表达对未知事实的猜测：要是明天下雨，我们就改变计划。
二、非真实条件句用法1. 第一类非真实条件句（与现在事实相反）：- 条件从句使用虚拟语气，主句使用情态动词或助动词：要是我有时间，我就帮助你。
- 条件从句省略“如果”或“要是”：你是老板，我会当你的员工。
2. 第二类非真实条件句（与过去事实相反）：- 条件从句使用虚拟语气的过去完成时，主句使用情态动词或助动词的过去完成时：要是昨天下雨，我们就不会去野餐。
- 条件从句使用虚拟语气的过去完成时，主句使用过去的助动词“would/could/might”：要是他知道真相，他就不会感到失望了。
3. 第三类非真实条件句（对将来可能的情况进行猜测）：- 条件从句使用虚拟语气的过去式，主句使用情态动词或助动词的过去式：要是明天不下雨，我们就去户外野餐吧！总结：虚拟语气和非真实条件句是汉语中表达非真实情况的重要语法结构。
通过运用虚拟语气和非真实条件句，我们可以表达与实际情况相反或不确定的假设、愿望、推测或建议。
虚拟语气'四种形式'及'三点注意'
虚拟语气“四种形式”及“三点注意新疆哈密石油高级中学常玉国刘雪娟虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常出现的一种语言现象，一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点，但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。
无怪乎许多同学在学完虚拟语气后，常常会叹道：If there were no subjunctive mood ,English would be easier.本文结合笔者多年教学实践，以历年高考题为例证，谈谈学好虚拟语气需要掌握好的“四种形式”和“三点注意”。
一、掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式为了理解与记忆的方便，我们把常见的虚拟语气现象归纳为以下四类：(一)条件句+主句这是虚拟语气最常见的形式，依据表现时间的不同，又可分为表1所示几种形式。
形式虽多，但较规范，可依据上下文的提示解题：表1：“条件从句+主句”的虚拟形式例1：The rice______if you had been more careful.A. would not be burningB. would not burnC. would not have burntD. would not burnt从if条件句中我们可以判断这是对过去的虚拟，对照上表，选择C（注：从句可在主句前，亦可在主句后）。
例2：If my lawyer____ here last Saturday, he_____ me from going.(MET89)A. had been ;would have prevented.B. had been; would preventedC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented从last Saturday 我们可知道这是对过去的虚拟，对照上表，此题选A。
例3：I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she______ she would have met my brother. (MET94)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come从上文I didn’t see的陈述中，我们可看出she并没来，且下文主句中的would have met 亦给了我们足够的补充，据上表则选D。
高中虚拟语气讲解
高中虚拟语气讲解虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)(2)省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
虚拟语气知识点讲解
虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的含义英语中有下列三种语气：陈述语气：用来陈述事实。
用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句。
祈使语气：提出请求、劝告、指示、命令等。
仅用于祈使句。
虚拟语气：常表示说话人所说的不是事实，或事情发生的可能性很小，或不可能发生，是说话人的一种主观愿望、假设、建议、或推测等。
一般常用于正式的书面语中。
二、虚拟语气在if 引导的非真实条件中的用法：主要用法列表如下：如：If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad. (现在)If I had time, I would attend the meeting. (现在)If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. (将来)II. 易错点分析１、倒装条件句如果条件句中有were, had, 或should 等现成助动词，可把他们提到主语之前，省去if。
Had I had time, I would have helped you.Should it clear up tomorrow, we would go for on outing.Were I you, I would accept the invitation.注意：若省略if的条件句中的谓语是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略式．如不能说：Weren’t it for the expense, I would go abroad now. 应该说：Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.2、错综时间条件句（混合时间句）：主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，这时要根据各自的时间来调整。
虚拟语气和条件状语从句的区别
虚拟语气和条件状语从句的区别虚拟语气和条件状语从句是英语语法中的两个重要概念，它们在句子中扮演着不同的角色，但是很容易混淆。
本文将从概念、形式、用法、以及实例等方面详细介绍虚拟语气和条件状语从句的区别，以帮助读者更好地理解和掌握它们。
一、概念虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是指表示虚拟、假设、愿望、命令、建议等语气的动词形式。
在英语中，虚拟语气通常用于从句中，表示与事实相反的情况或未知的情况。
虚拟语气的形式多种多样，包括动词原形、were、should等。
条件状语从句（Conditional Clause）是指表示条件、假设的从句。
条件状语从句通常由if引导，用于表达某种条件下的结果，它的谓语动词通常使用现在时、过去时或将来时。
二、形式虚拟语气的形式多种多样，但是在从句中常常具有以下几种形式： 1. 动词原形，例如：If I were you, I would go to the party.（如果我是你，我会去参加派对。
）2. were，用于表示虚拟的情况，例如：If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.（如果我是一只鸟，我会在天空中飞翔。
）3. should，用于表示愿望或建议，例如：It's important that he should be here on time.（他能按时到场很重要。
）条件状语从句的形式也比较简单，通常由if引导，用于表示某种条件下的结果，其谓语动词可以使用现在时、过去时或将来时。
例如：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我会呆在家里。
）如果把这个句子改为过去时，则是：If it rained yesterday, I would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨，我会呆在家里。
）三、用法虚拟语气和条件状语从句在用法上也有明显的区别。
虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别
虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. （错综时间条件从句）You would have been much better now if you had taken my advice.(虚拟）假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了在表示虚拟语气的句子中，条件从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时，谓语动词的形式要根据各自所表示的时间来调整，这种现象叫做错综时间虚拟语气。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你当时听我的话，现在就会好多了。
（从句过去，主句现在）would have been 是与过去事实相反的非真实条件句一般来说虚拟语气中的混合时态的句子都有具体的时间词来进行提示的，比如说：If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would get more gifts now.如果我们早点来商场的话（过去的时间虚拟），我们现在就可以拿更多的礼物了（现在的虚拟）。
这是两个不同时间的虚拟语气，有相应的时间词来提示的，now来提示后句的时间是现在而不是和前面一样的过去。
If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would have got more gifts.如果我们早点来商场的话，我们就会拿到更多的礼物了。
（已经拿了礼物了，但是实际上过去拿的时候没有拿到那么多）如果从句和主句都表示过去的，那从句用had done,主句用would ,could,might,should+have done如：If you had taken my advice,you would not have been late for the meeting yesterday.如果从句表示过去的，但主句表示现在的，从句用had done,主句用would ,could,might,should+do,如：If you had taken my advice,you would not be late for the meeting now.这种一般都有个时间，如果没有表示时间的词也可以从上下文看出。
2023届高考英语虚拟语气的用法归纳讲义
虚拟语气如何用（1）对现在状况的虚拟对现在状况的虚拟，条件句中谓语动词用一般过去时，主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”。
（2）对过去状况的虚拟对过去状况的虚拟，条件句中谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用“would/should/might/could+have+过去分词”。
（3）对将来状况的虚拟对将来状况的虚拟，条件句中谓语动词可用should do, were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。
should表示的可能性比较大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do的可能性比较小。
主句谓语动词用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”。
（4）错综时间条件句有时条件从句谓语动词表示的动作和主句谓语表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句。
此时主从句动词的形式应通过各自所表示的时间开展调整。
If you had taken my advice then, you wouldn't be in trouble now.假如当时听我劝，你现在就不会有麻烦了。
（if条件句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时，而主句是对现在的虚拟，故用“would+动词原形”形式。
）（5）表示“建议、命令、要求、坚决做”等动词后的宾语从句常用“(should+)动词原形（6）wish后的宾语从句wish后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示现在的状况，用过去完成时表示过去的状况，用would/could do表示将来的状况。
（7）would rather 后的宾语从句would rather后的从句常用一般过去时形式，表示现在或将来的状况；用过去完成时，表示过去的状况（8）It is/was important (necessary, appropriate, proper, right, essential, vital, etc.) that英语虚拟语气有什么用法一.定义: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的状况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的状况, 而不表示客观存在的现实二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 根据句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间定义虚拟语气的用法一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形1.表示祝愿a. Long live our country.b. May you succeed.c. May you be happy all your life.2.表示命令a. Everybody leave the room.二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)1.表示与现在事实相反的状况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形(should多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于全部人称)a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.2.表示与过去事实相反的状况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.3.表示与将来事实相反的状况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式(be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种状况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 假如条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放到句首a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的详细时间a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以别的方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句a. What would you do with a million dollars?b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.c. We could have done better with more money.d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在状况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.b. She looked as if she were ill.2.表示与过去事实相反的状况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同a. Even if I were rich, I would work.六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:假如表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来状况, 用should have done表示过去状况a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.c. I wish I could help you.d. I wish I were young.②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或期待未来有所改变a. I wish the prices would come down.b. I wish you would help me.c. I wish he would be more careful.d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式a. I suggested that we should go there at once.b. I demand that he should answer me at once.c. The doctor insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.与名词suggestion建议/ advice 建议/ demand要求/ request要求/ order 命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用( should ) +动词原形a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式a. It is time we got up.九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish的宾语从句相同a. If only he didn’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)b. If only he had taken the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来状况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去状况动词用过去完成时形式a. I would rather he came next Saturday.b. I would prefer you had seen the film yesterday.c. I would rather that he painted the house blue。
虚拟语气的三种用法
虚拟语气的三种用法摘要：虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实，它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
本文分别介绍了虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。
关键词：虚拟语气；用法；名词性从句；宾语从句作者简介：吴娴，任教于江苏省扬州市育才高级中学。
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句虚拟语气运用于条件状语从句中，需要注意三点：1.条件句中有were, had, should时，如省略if,则需把were, had, should放在主语前，形成倒装结构。
Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.2.在错综时间条件句中，即虚拟条件句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致，主从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气。
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.(现在→过去)If they had left home in early morning, they would arrive in half an hour.(过去→将来)3.有时虚拟条件不用从句，而是通过上下文或用介词短语等表示出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。
常用的词有 with, without, but for, otherwise, or等。
But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded.Without electricity life would be quite different today.二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句1.用于主语从句中在主语从句中, 谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“should+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。
(1)It is necessary (important, natural, desirable, advisable, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day.(2)It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless.(3)It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.在上述三种主语从句中,should意为“应该”、“竟然”,可以省去,主句所用动词的时态不限。
非真实条件句与错综时间条件句介绍
非真实条件句与错综时间条件句介绍编者按：表示与过去或者现在事实相反，或者对将来发生的可能性很小(或者不可通用)的情况的假设都属于纯假设，这时要用虚拟语气。
下面小编就来带你一起学习下非真实条件句与错综时间条件句，希望对大家有帮助。
英语中用得最多的是陈述语气，其次是疑问、祈使语气，只有很少一些场合用虚拟语气。
表示纯假设的虚拟句1非真实条件句表示与过去或者现在事实相反，或者对将来发生的可能性很小(或者不可通用)的情况的假设都属于纯假设，这时要用虚拟语气：与现成事实相反：If I were you, I would take the challenge.如果我是你，我会接受挑战。
(事实上我不可能是你)与过去事实相反：If she had arrived 5 minutes earlier, she would have caught the train.如果她早到5分钟，她就能赶上火车了。
(事实上没早到5分钟，也没赶上火车)将来的可能性很小：If it were to rain this afternoon, I would stayat my classroom.如果今天下午下雨，我就会待在教室里。
(事实上今天下午下雨的可能性很小，我也不会待在教室里。
)模仿造句：1.如果他是你，他会道歉(apoligize)的。
2.如果你晚10分钟离开，你就会见到他了。
3.要是明天天晴，我会去钓鱼。
2错综时间条件句上面三种纯假设句型中的条件句和主句的谓语时间是相同的。
有时条件句与主句的时间不是同一时间，比如条件句谓语动作发生在前，主句动作发生在后，主句的时态形式就需要根据具体情况作适当的调整：If you had worked (过去) hard then, you would be(现在) a college student now.如果你那时下了功夫，现在你就是大学生了。
如果不调整：If you had worked(过去) hard then, you would have been(过去) a college student.If he had not had the accident two days ago, hewould be drinking with us at tomorrow’s party.如果他(过去)两天前没有出事故，他(将来)在明天的聚会上就会同我们一起喝酒啦。
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虚拟语气和错综条件时间从句区别
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. （错综时间条件从句）
You would have been much better now if you had taken my advice.(虚拟）
假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了
在表示虚拟语气的句子中，条件从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时，谓语动词的形式要根据各自所表示的时间来调整，这种现象叫做错综时间虚拟语气。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你当时听我的话，现在就会好多了。
（从句过去，主句现在）would have been 是与过去事实相反的非真实条件句
一般来说虚拟语气中的混合时态的句子都有具体的时间词来进行提示的，比如
说：
If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would get more gifts now.
如果我们早点来商场的话（过去的时间虚拟），我们现在就可以拿更多的礼物了
（现在的虚拟）。
这是两个不同时间的虚拟语气，有相应的时间词来提示的，now来提示后句的时
间是现在而不是和前面一样的过去。
If we had arrived at the shopping mall earlier, we would have got more gifts.
如果我们早点来商场的话，我们就会拿到更多的礼物了。
（已经拿了礼物了，但是实际上过去拿的时候没有拿到那么多）
如果从句和主句都表示过去的，那从句用had done,主句用
would ,could,might,should+have done
如：If you had taken my advice,you would not have been late for the meeting yesterday.如果从句表示过去的，但主句表示现在的，从句用had done,主句用would ,could,might,should+do,如：If you had taken my advice,you would not be late for the meeting now.这种一般都有个时间，如果没有表示时间的词也可以从上下文看出。
虚拟语气的用法错误。
随着说话人意图的不同，动词也要用不同的形式。
但凡提到虚拟语气，都与谓语动词的形式有关，所以一定要注意用谓语动词的正确形式。
例如：
（1 ）Had Paul received six more votes in the last election，he would have been our chairman now.
应把would have been 改为would be .这是个错综复杂的条件句，因为有now 限制，所以主句和从句属不同的时间范畴。
（2 ）The committee members propose that the plan is postponed for a few days.
应把is postponed 改为be postponed .这是虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。
像propose 这类词，如：request，advise，prefer，urge，order，insist，desire，move，recommend，suggest，demand，require，determine 等若出现在主句里，其从句中的谓语动词一定要用虚拟语气即（should ）+ 动词原形，表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等。
if you had worked hard，you would get higher marks
如果没有明确的时间状语，可以根据语境而定。
如这个句子，很明显是在说过去要是认真点，现在就不会分数低。
从句与过去事实相反，谓语用had done；主句与现在事实相反谓语用would do。