解剖学肌群中英名词对照
解剖学中的科学术语
解剖学中的科学术语
1. 肌肉术语:
- 肌腱(Tendon):将肌肉连接到骨骼的纤维束
- 肌膜(Fascia):包裹和分隔肌肉组织的结缔组织层
- 肌腱鞘(Tendon Sheath):包裹肌腱的管状结构
2. 骨骼术语:
- 骨质(Osseous Tissue):构成骨骼的坚硬组织
- 骨膜(Periosteum):覆盖在骨骼表面的膜层
- 骨髓(Bone Marrow):位于骨骼内部的软组织
3. 神经系统术语:
- 神经元(Neuron):传递神经冲动的细胞
- 轴突(Axon):神经元的长突出部分
- 树突(Dendrite):神经元的分支状结构
4. 循环系统术语:
- 动脉(Artery):将血液从心脏输送到全身的血管
- 静脉(Vein):将血液从全身输送回心脏的血管
- 毛细血管(Capillary):连接动脉和静脉的微小血管
5. 呼吸系统术语:
- 气管(Trachea):将空气从鼻腔和口腔输送到肺部的管道 - 支气管(Bronchus):气管在肺部分支的管道
- 肺泡(Alveolus):肺部用于气体交换的小囊
这些术语是解剖学中常用的科学术语,帮助准确描述人体各个系统的结构和功能。
学习和理解这些术语对于医学生和相关专业人员来说非常重要。
人体解剖学名词解释
人体解剖学名词解释1.Kaplan point卡普兰点：两侧大转子尖过髂前上棘连线交于一点。
正常位于肚脐或以上，髋关节脱位或股骨颈骨折位于肚脐以下。
2.Auditory/Auscultatory triangle听诊三角：内侧为斜方肌，下侧为背阔肌上缘，外上侧为肩胛骨脊柱缘。
背部听诊呼吸音。
3.Ductus arteriousus triangle动脉导管三角：由左膈神经、左迷走神经和肺动脉围城，内有动脉韧带、左喉返神经和心浅丛，是手术中寻找动脉导管的标志。
4.Superior triangle of esophagus食管上三角：由左锁骨上动脉、主动脉弓上缘和脊柱前缘围成，内有食管胸段上部和胸导管。
5.Conus elasticus弹性圆锥：为弹性纤维构成的膜状结构。
起于甲状软骨前角内面，呈扇面止于环状软骨上缘内面和杓状软骨声带突。
上缘位于甲状软骨和杓状软骨声带突之间，称为声韧带，是构成声襞的基础。
前份位于甲状软骨和环状软骨上缘之间，称为环甲正中韧带。
6.Anorectal ring肛直肠环：肛门外括约肌浅深部、肛门内括约肌、肠壁纵行肌、耻骨直肠肌形成的肌性环，若不慎切断此处，可引起大便失禁。
7.Retromandibular vein下颌后静脉：由颞浅静脉和上颌静脉在腮腺处汇合而成，分两支，前支汇入面前静脉，后支与耳后静脉和枕静脉汇合成颈外静脉。
8.Douglas cavity/rectouterine pouch道格拉斯腔/直肠子宫凹陷：为女性特有，由直肠和子宫之间的腹膜形成，其两侧腹膜皱襞称直肠子宫皱襞，为女性腹膜腔最低部位，腹膜腔积液汇于此处。
9.Investing fascia封套筋膜：颈筋膜浅层，由两肌两腺构成：胸锁乳突肌和斜方肌，腮腺和下颌下腺。
10.Omental foreman/Winslow孔网膜孔：为网膜囊唯一通向腹膜腔孔道。
前界为肝十二指肠韧带，后界为下腔静脉及表面腹膜，上界为肝尾状叶，下界为十二指肠上部。
解剖学名词中-英文对照
绪论Introductionabnormal 异常anatomical position 人体的标准解剖学姿势anterior 前caudal 尾侧central 中央computed tomography, CT X线连续断层图cranial 颅侧distal 远侧dorsal 背侧external 外fibular 腓侧frontal axis 冠状轴frontal plane 冠状面horizontal 水平horizontal plane 水平面inferior 下internal 内lateral 外侧left 左locomotive anatomy 运动解剖学macroanatomy 巨视解剖学medial 内侧microanatomy 微视解剖学posterior 后profundal 深proximal 近侧radial 桡侧right 右sagittal axis 矢状轴sagittal plane 矢状面sectional anatomy 断层解剖学superficial 浅superior 上surface anatomy 表面解剖学surgical anatomy 外科解剖学systematic anatomy 系统解剖学tibial 胫侧topographic anatomy 局部解剖学ulnar 尺侧variation 变异ventral 腹侧vertical 垂直vertical axis 垂直轴x-ray anatomy X线解剖学第一章骨学--语音下载Chapter 1 Osteologyacetabulum 髋臼acromion 肩峰adductor tubercle 收肌结节alveolar process 牙槽突anatomical neck 解剖颈angle of mandible 下颌角anterior cranial fossa 颅前窝anterior fontanelle 前囟（额囟）anterior superior iliac spine 髂前上棘antrum 房aperture 口arcuate line弓状线articular process 关节突articular tubercle 关节结节atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎body of sternum 胸骨体bone 骨bone marrow 骨髓bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔calvaria 颅盖calcaneus 跟骨capitate bone 头状骨capitulum 小头capitulum of humerus 肱骨小头carotid canal 颈动脉管carpal bones 腕骨cellules 小房cervical vertebrae 颈椎calvicle 锁骨clivus 斜坡coccyx 尾骨compact bone 骨密质condyle 髁coracoid process 喙突coronasl suture 冠状缝coronoid process 冠突costal cartilage 肋软骨costal groove 肋沟costal angle 肋角costal arch 肋弓costal bone 肋骨costal head 肋头costal neck 肋颈costal tubercle 肋结节cranial fontanelles 颅囟crest 嵴cuboid bone 骰骨deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆diaphysis, shaft 骨干diplöe 板障endosteum 骨内膜epicondyle 上髁epiphysial line 骺线epiphysil cartilage 骺软骨epiphysis 骺ethmoid bone 筛骨ethmoidal cellules 筛小房ethmoidal sinuses 筛窦external occipital protuberance 枕外隆凸flat bone 扁骨femoral head 股骨头femur 股骨fibula 腓骨fibular head 腓骨头foramen magnum 枕骨大孔foramen lacerum 破裂孔foramen ovale 卵圆孔foramen rotundum 圆孔foramen spinosum 棘孔fovea 凹foveola 小凹frontal process 额突frontal sinus 额窦frontal bone 额骨glenoid cavity 关节盂gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆greater sciatic notch 坐骨大切迹greater trochanter 大转子greater tubercle 大结节greater wing 大翼hamate bone 钩骨head of mandible 下颌头head 头head of humerus 肱骨头head of radius 桡骨头head of ulna 尺骨头hiatus 裂孔hip bone 髋骨humerus 肱骨hyoid bone 舌骨hypophysial fossa 垂体窝iliac crest 髂嵴iliac fossa 髂窝ilium 髂骨impression 压迹inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲inferior orbitaljissure 眶下裂infraorbital foramen 眶下孔infraspinous fossa 冈下窝infratemporal fossa 颞下窝intercondylar fossa 髁间窝intercondylar eminence 髁间隆起intermedius cuneiform bone 中间楔骨internal acoustic pore 内耳门internal occipital protuberance 枕内隆凸intervertebral foramina 椎间孔irregular bone 不规则骨ischial spine 坐骨棘ischial tuberosity 坐骨结节ischium 坐骨jugular notch 颈静脉切迹jugular foramen 颈静脉孔lacrimal bone 泪骨lambdoid suture 人字缝lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板lateral condyle 外侧髁lateral cuneiform bone 外侧楔骨lateral epicondyle 外上髁lateral malleolus 外踝lesser sciatic notch 坐骨小切迹lesser trochanter 小转子lesser tubercle 小结节lesser wing 小翼linea aspera 粗线long bone 长骨lumbar vertebrae 腰椎lunate bone 月骨lunate surface 月状面Luschka 钩椎关节mandible 下颌骨mandibular foramen 下颌孔mandibular fossa 下颌窝manubrium sterni 胸骨柄mastoid process 乳突maxilla 上颌骨maxillary sinus 上颌窦meatus 道medial epicondyle 内上髁medial malleolus 内踝medial condyle 内侧髁medial cuneiform bone 内侧楔骨medullary cavity 髓腔mental foramen 颏孔metacarpal bones 掌骨metaphysic 干骺端metatarsal bones 跖骨middle cranial fossa 颅中窝masal bone 鼻骨nasolacrimal canal 鼻泪管navicular bone 足舟骨neck of mandible 下颌颈neck of femur 股骨颈neck of fibula 腓骨颈neck of radius 桡骨颈obturator foramen 闭孔occipital bone 枕骨olecranon 鹰嘴optic cana 视神经管oral cavity 骨性口腔orbit 眶osteoporosis 骨质疏松palatine bone 腭骨palatine process 腭突paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦parietal bone 顶骨patella 髌骨pecten pubis 耻骨梳pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根periosteum 骨膜petrous part (pyramid) 岩部（锥体）phalanges of fingers 指骨phalanges of toes, bones of toes 趾骨pisiform bone 豌豆骨pneumatic bone 含气骨prominent vertebra 隆椎posterior cranial fossa 颅后窝posterior fontanel 后囟（枕囟）posterior superior iliac spine 髂后上棘promontory 岬pterion 翼点pterygoid canal 翼管pterygoid process 翼突pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝pubic tubercle 耻骨结节pubis 耻骨radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆radius 桡骨ramus of mandible 下颌支red bone marrow 红骨髓ribs 肋sacral cornu 骶角sacral hiatus 骶管裂孔sacrum, sacral bone 骶骨sagittal suture 矢状缝scaphoid bone 手舟骨scapula 肩胛骨sesamoid bone 籽骨shaft of rib 肋体short bone 短骨skull 颅sphenoid bone 蝶骨sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦spine 棘spine of scapula 肩胛冈spinous process 棘突spongy bone 骨松质squamous part 鳞部sternal angle 胸骨角sternum 胸骨styloid process 尺骨茎突stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔styloid process 茎突subscapular fossa 肩胛下窝sulcus for radial nerve 桡神经沟superior orbital fissure 眶上裂superior, middle and inferior nasal meatus 上、中、下鼻道supraspinous fossa 冈上窝surgical neck 外科颈sumphysial surface 耻骨联合面talus 距骨tarsal bones 跗骨temporal bone 颞骨thoracic vertebrae 胸椎tibia 胫骨tibial tuberosity 胫骨粗隆trabeculae 骨小梁transverse foramen 横突孔transverse process 横突trapezium bone 大多角骨trapezoid bone 小多角骨triquetral bone 三角骨trochlear notch 滑车切迹trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车tubercle of iliac crest 髂结节tympanic part 鼓部ulna 尺骨ulnar tuberosity 尺骨粗隆uncus corporis vertebrae 椎体钩vertebral canal 椎管vertebrae 椎骨vertebral aech 椎弓vertebral body 椎体vertrbral foramen 椎孔vomer 犁骨xiphoid process 剑突yellow bone marrow 黄骨髓zygomatic process 颧突zygomatic bone 颧骨第二章关节学--语音下载chapter 2 Arthrologyabduction 展acetabular labrum 髋臼唇acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节adduction 收ankle joint 踝关节annular ligament of radius 桡骨环状韧带anterior atlantooccipital membrane 寰枕前膜anterior cruciate ligament 前交叉韧带anterior longtitudinal ligament 前纵韧带anterior talofibular ligament距腓前韧带annulus fibrosus纤维环articular capsule关节囊articular cartilage关节软骨articular cavity关节腔articular disc 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇articular surface 关节面articulation 关节atlantoaxial joint 寰枢关节atlantooccipital joint 寰枕关节ball-and-xocket joint 球窝关节bifurcate ligament 分歧韧带calcaneocubiod joint 跟骰关节calcaneofibular ligament 跟腓韧带carpometacarpal joint 腕掌关节carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节cartilage 软骨cartilaginous joint 软骨连结chondrocyte 软骨细胞circumduction 环转coracoacromial ligament 喙肩韧带costotransverse joint 肋横突关节costovertebral joint 肋椎关节cruciate ligaments 膝交叉韧带distal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节dorsiflexion 背屈elbow joint 肘关节ellipsoidal joint 椭圆关节extension 伸fibrous joint 纤维连结fibrous membrane 纤维膜fibular collateral ligament 腓侧副韧带flexion 屈greater pelvis 大骨盆hinge joint 屈戌关节hip joint 髋关节humeroradial joint 肱桡关节humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节iliofemoral ligament 髂股韧带iliolumbar ligament 髂腰韧带intercarpal joint 腕骨间关节intermetacarpal joint 掌骨间关节intermetatarsal joint 跖骨间关节interosseous membrane of forearm 前臂骨间膜interphalangeal joint 指骨间关节interphalangeal joint 趾骨间关节interspinal ligament 棘间韧带intertarsal joint 跗骨间关节intertransverse ligament 横突间韧带intervertebral disc 椎间盘ischiofemoral ligament 坐股韧带joint of costal head 肋头关节joints of foot 足关节joints of hand 手关节knee joint 膝关节lateral ligament 外侧韧带lateral meniscus 外侧半月板lateral rotation 旋外lesser pelvis 小骨盆ligament 韧带ligament of the head of the femur 股骨头韧带ligamenta flava 黄韧带ligamentum nuchae 项韧带medial ligament 内侧韧带medial meniscus 内侧半月板medial rotation 旋内menisci 半月板metacarpophalangeal joint 掌指关节metatarsophalangeal joint 跖趾关节nucleus pulposus 髓核oblique popliteal ligament 腘斜韧带obturator canal 闭膜管obturator membrane 闭孔膜patellar ligament 髌韧带pelvis 骨盆plane joint 平面关节plantar calcaneonavicular ligament 跟舟足底韧带plantar flexion 跖屈posterior atlantooccipital membrane 寰枕后膜posterior cruciate ligament 后交叉韧带posterior longitudinal ligament 后纵韧带posterior talofibular ligament 距腓后韧带pronation 旋前proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pubofemoral ligament 耻股韧带radial collateral ligament 桡侧副韧带radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节rotation 旋转sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节sacrospinous ligament 骶棘韧带sacrotuberous ligament 骶结节韧带sellar joint 鞍状关节shoulder joint 肩关节spring ligament 跳跃韧带sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节sternocostal joint 胸肋关节subtalar joint 距下关节supination 旋后suprsaspinal ligament 棘上韧带suture 缝symphysis 纤维软骨联合synchondrosis 软骨结合syndesmosis 韧带连结synostosis 骨性结合synovial bursa 滑膜囊synovial fluid 滑液synovial fold 滑膜襞synovial joint 滑膜关节synovial membrane 滑膜talocalcaneal joint 距跟关节talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节talacrural joint 距小腿关节tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节thorax 胸廓tibial collateral ligament 胫侧副韧带translation 移动transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节trochoid joint 车轴关节ulnar collageral ligament 尺侧副韧带vertebral column 脊柱wrist joint 腕关节zygapohpyseal joint 关节突关节第三章肌学--语音下载Chapter 3 Myologyabductor digiti minimi 小指展肌abductor pollicis brevis 拇短展肌abductor pollicis longus 拇长展肌adductor brevis 短收肌adductor canal 收肌管adductor longus 长收肌adductor magnus 大收肌adductor pollicis 拇收肌adductor tendinous opening 收肌腱裂孔agonist 原动肌antagonist 拮抗肌aocitic hiatus 主动脉裂孔aponeurosis 腱膜arcuate line 弓状线axillary fossa 腋窝axillary sheath 腋鞘biceps brachii 肱二头肌biceps femoris 股二头肌brachialis 肱肌brachioradialis 肱桡肌buccinator 颊肌carotid sheath 颈动脉鞘carpal canal 腕管central tendon 中心腱clavipectoral fascia 锁胸筋膜common extensor tendon 伸肌总腱common flexor tendon 屈肌总腱conjoint tendon 联合腱coracobrachialis 喙肱肌cubital fossa 肘窝deep fascial 深筋膜deep inguinal ring 腹股沟管深（腹）环deltoid 三角肌deltopectoral groove 三角胸肌间沟diaphragm 膈digastric 二腹肌dorsal interossei 骨间背侧肌epicranius 颅顶肌erector spinae 竖脊肌（骶棘肌）esophageal hiatus 食管裂孔extensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis 桡侧腕短伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕伸肌extensor digiti minimi 小指伸肌extensor digitorum 指伸肌extensor digitorum longus 趾长伸肌extensor expansion 指背腱膜extensor hallucis longus 踇长伸肌extensor indicis 示指伸肌extensor pollicis longus 拇长伸肌extensor pollicis brevis 拇短伸肌external intercostals membrane 肋间外膜fascia 筋膜fascia lata 阔筋膜femoral canal 股管femoral ring 股环femoral triangle 股三角fibrous layer 纤维层fibrous sheath of tendon 腱纤维鞘fixator 固定肌fixed attachment 定点flat muscle 扁肌flexor carpi radialis 桡侧腕屈肌flexor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕屈肌flexor digiti minimi brevis 小指短屈肌flexor digitorum longus 趾长屈肌flexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌flexor digitorum superficialis 指浅屈肌flexor hallucis longus 踇长屈肌flexor pollicis brevis 拇短屈肌flexor pollicis longus 拇长屈肌frontal belly额腹gluteus medius臀中肌gluteus minimus臀小肌galea aponeurotica帽状腱膜gastrocnemius腓肠肌geniohyoid颏舌骨肌gluteus maximus臀大肌gracilis股薄肌hypothenar小鱼际iliacus髂肌iliopectineal arch髂耻弓iliopsoas 髂腰肌infrapiriformis foramen 梨状肌下孔infraspinatus 冈下肌inguinal cannal 腹股沟管inguinal falx 腹股沟镰inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带inguinal (Hesselbach) trangle 腹股沟（海氏）三角insertion 止点intercostals externi 肋间外肌intercostals interni 肋间内肌intercostals intimi 肋间最内肌internal intercostals membrane 肋间内膜lacuna musculorum 肌腔隙lacuna vasorum 血管腔隙lacunar ligament 腔隙韧带（陷窝韧带）lateral pterygoid 翼外肌latissimus dorsi 背阔肌levator scapulae 肩胛提肌linea alba 白线long muscle 长肌lumbocostal triangle 腰肋三角lumbricales 蚓状肌masseter 咬肌medial pterygoid 翼内肌mesotendon 腱系膜movable attachment 动点muscle 肌muscle belly 肌腹muscle tendinous stuff 肌腱袖mylohyoid 下颌舌骨肌obliquus externus abdominis 腹外斜肌obliquus internus abdominis 腹内斜肌obturator externus 闭孔外肌obturator internus 闭孔内肌occipital belly 枕腹omohyoid 肩胛舌骨肌opponens digiti minimi 小指对掌肌opponens pollicis 拇对掌肌orbicular muscle 轮匝肌orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌orbicularis oris 口轮匝肌origin 起点palmar aponeurosis 掌腱膜palmar interossei 骨间掌侧肌palmaris longus 掌长肌pectineal ligament 耻骨梳韧带pectineus 耻骨肌pectoralis major 胸大肌pectoralis minor 胸小肌peroneus brevis 腓骨短肌peroneus longus 腓骨长肌peroneus tertius 第三腓骨肌piriformis 梨状肌platysma 颈阔肌popliteal fossa 腘窝popliteus 腘肌pronator quadratus 旋前方肌pronator teres 旋前圆肌psoas major 腰大肌psoas minor 腰小肌quadratus femoris 股方肌quadratus lumborum 腰方肌quadriceps femoris 股四头肌quadrilateral foramen 四边孔rectus abdominis 腹直肌rhomboideus 菱形肌sartorius 缝匠肌scalene fissure 斜角肌间隙scalene anerior 前斜角肌scalenus medius 中斜角肌scalenus posterior 后斜角肌semimembranosus 半膜肌semitendinosus 半腱肌serratus anterior 前锯肌sesamoid bone 籽骨sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘short muscle 短肌soleus 比目鱼肌splenius 夹肌sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突肌sternocostal triangle 胸肋三角sternohyoid 胸骨舌骨肌stenothyroid胸骨甲状肌stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌subscapularis肩胛下肌superficial fascia浅筋膜superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟管浅（皮下）环supinator 旋后肌suprapiriformis foramen 梨状肌上孔supraspinatus 冈上肌synergist 协同肌synovial bursa 滑膜囊synovial layer 滑膜层synovial sheath of tendon 腱滑膜鞘temporalis 颞肌tendinous intersection 腱划tendinous sheath 腱鞘tendo calcaneus 跟腱tendon 肌腱tensor fasciae latae 阔筋膜张肌teres major 大圆肌teres minor 小圆肌thenar 鱼际thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜thyrohyoid 甲状舌骨肌tibialis posterior 胫骨后肌tibialis anterior 胫骨前肌transverse fascia 腹横筋膜transverses thoracis 胸横肌transverses abdominis 腹横肌trapezius 斜方肌triceps brachii 肱三头肌triceps surae 小腿三头肌trilateral foramen 三边孔vena caval foramen 腔静脉孔vincula tendinum 键纽voluntary muscle 随意肌Section 2 Splanchnology第一章总论--语音下载Chapter 1 Introductionanterior axillary line 腋前线anterior median line 前正中线Hilum 门midaxillary line 腋中线midclavicular line 锁骨中线parasternal line 胸骨旁线posterior axillary line腋后线posterior median line 后正中线scapular line 肩胛线Splanchonlogy 内脏学sternal line 胸骨线Viscera 内脏第二章消化系统--语音下载Chapter 2 Digestive Systemaccessory pancreatic duct 副胰管accessory parotid gland 副腮腺aggregated lymphatic follicles 集合淋巴滤泡alimentary canal 消化管alimentary gland 消化腺alimentary system 消化系统alveolar bone 牙槽骨ampulla of rectum 直肠壶腹anal canal 肛管anal columns 肛柱anal pecten 肛梳anal sinuses 肛窦anal valves 肛瓣angular incisure 角切迹anocutaneous line 肛皮线anorectal line 肛直肠线anus 肛门apex of tongue 舌尖apical foramen 牙根尖孔ascending colon 升结肠ascending part 升部bare arer 裸区body of gallbladder 胆囊体body of pancreas 胰体body of stomach 胃体body of tongue 舌体caecum 盲肠canine teeth 尖牙cardia 贲门cardiac incisure 贲门切迹cardiac part 贲门部caudate lobe 尾状叶cavity of pharynx 咽腔cement 牙骨质cheek 颊colic bands 结肠带conon 结肠common bile duct 胆总管common hepatic duct 肝总管crown of tooth 牙冠cystic duct 胆囊管deciduous teeth 乳牙deep part 深部dental cavity 牙腔dental pulp 牙髓dentate line 齿状线dentine 牙质descending colon 降结肠descending part 降部diaphragmatic surface 膈面duodenal bulb 十二指肠球duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲duodenum 十二指肠enamel 釉质epiglottic vallecula 会厌谷epiploic appendices 肠脂垂esophagus 食管extrinsic lingual muscles 舌外肌falciform ligament 镰状韧带filiform papillae 丝状乳头fissure for ligamentum teres hepatic 肝圆韧带裂fissure ofrligamentum venosum 静脉韧带裂foliate palillae 叶状乳头foramen cecum of tongue 舌盲孔fornix of stomach 胃穹窿fossa for gallbladder 胆囊窝frenulum of tongue 舌系带fundus of gallbladder 胆囊底fundus of stomach 胃底fungiform papillae 菌状乳头gall bladder 胆囊genioglossus 颏舌肌gingival 牙龈greater curvature of stomach 胃大弯haemorrhoidal ring 痔环hard palate 硬腭haustra of colon 结肠袋head of pancreas 胰头hepatic fissure 肝裂hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹horizontal part 水平部ileocecal orifice 回盲口ileocecal valve 回盲瓣ileum 回肠incisors 切牙inferior duodenal flexure 十二指肠下曲intrinsic lingual muscles 舌内肌isthmus of fauces 咽峡jejunum 空肠large intestine 大肠laryngopharynx 喉咽left colic flexure 结肠左曲left interlobar fissure 左叶间裂left intersegmental fissure左外叶段间裂left lobe of liver 肝左叶lesser curvature of stomach 胃小弯ligament of Treitz Treitz 韧带ligamentum teres hepatic 肝圆韧带ligamentum venosum 静脉韧带lingual tonsil 舌扁桃体liver 肝longitudinal fold of duodenum 十二指肠纵襞lower dental arch 下牙弓major duodenal papilla 十二指肠大乳头major salivary glands 大唾液腺median glossoepiglottic fold 舌会厌正中襞middle hepatic fissure 正中裂minor duodenal papilla 十二指肠小乳头minor salivary glands 小唾液腺molars 磨牙nasolabial sulcus 鼻唇沟nnasopharynx 鼻咽neck of gallbladder 胆囊颈neck of tooth 牙颈notch for ligamentum teres hepatis 肝圆韧带切迹oral cavity 口腔oral cavity proper 固有口腔oral lips 口唇oral vestibule 口腔前庭oropharynx 口咽palate 腭palatine tonsil 腭扁桃体palatoglossal arch 腭舌弓palatopharyngeal arch 腭咽弓pancreas 胰pancreatic duct 胰管papilla of parotid duct 腮腺管乳头papillae of tougue 舌乳头parotid duct 腮腺管parotid gland 腮腺perineal flexure of rectum 直肠会阴曲periodontal membrane 牙周膜permanent teeth 恒牙pharyngeal opening of auditory tube 咽鼓管咽口pharyngeal recess 咽隐窝pharyngeal tonsil 咽扁桃体pharynx 咽philtrum 人中piriform recess 梨状隐窝porta hepatis 肝门premolars 前磨牙pulp cavity 髓腔pulp chamber 牙冠腔pyloric antrum 幽门窦pyloric canal 幽门管pyloric part 幽门部pyloric sphincter 幽门括约肌pyloric valve 幽门瓣pylorus 幽门quadrate lobe 方叶rectum 直肠right colic flexure 结肠右曲right interlobar fissure 右叶间裂right intersegmental fissure 右后叶段间裂right lobe of liver 肝右叶root canal 牙根管root of tongue 舌根root of tooth 牙根sasral flexure of rectum 直肠骶曲salivary gland 唾液腺secondary porta of liver 第2肝门sigmoid colon 乙状结肠small intestine 小肠soft palate 软腭solitary lymphatic follicles 孤立淋巴滤泡sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹括约肌sphincter ani externus 肛门外括约肌sphincter ani internus 肛门内括约肌spiral fold 螺旋襞stomach 胃subcutaneous part 皮下部sublingual caruncle 舌下阜sublingual gland 舌下腺submmandibular gland 下颌下腺sulcus for vena cava 腔静脉沟superficial part 浅部superior duodenal flexure 十二指肠上曲superior part 上部suspensory ligament of duodenum 十二指肠悬韧带suspensoy muscle of duodenum 十二指肠悬肌tail of pancreas 胰尾teeth 牙terminal sulcus 界沟tongue 舌transverse colon 横结肠tubal tonsil 咽鼓管扁桃体tubal torus 咽鼓管圆枕uncinate process 钩突upper dental arch 上牙弓uvula 腭垂vallate papillae 轮廓乳头velum palatinum 腭帆vermiform appendix 阑尾visceral surface 脏面white line 白线wisdom tooth 迟牙第三章呼吸系统--语音下载Chapter 3 Respiratory Systemaditus laryngis 喉口anterior horn 前角anterior mediastinum 前纵隔apex of lung 肺尖aryepiglottic muscle 杓会厌肌arytenoid杓肌arytenoid articular surface 杓关节面arytenoid cartilage 杓状软骨base of lung 肺底bifurcation of trachea 气管杈bronchi 支气管bronchial artery支气管动脉bronchial tree 支气管树bronchopulmonary segments 支气管肺段cardiac notch 心切迹carina of trachea 气管隆嵴choanae 鼻后孔conus elasticus 弹性圆锥costal pleura 肋胸膜costal surface 肋面costodiaphragmatic recess 肋膈隐窝costomediastinal recess 肋纵隔隐窝cricoarytenoid joint 环杓关节cricoid arch 环状软骨弓cricoid cartilage 环状软骨cricoid lamina 环状软骨板cricothyroid joint 环甲关节cricothyroid muscle 环甲肌cricotracheal ligament 环状软骨气管韧带cupula of pleura 胸膜顶diaphragmatic pleura 膈胸膜diaphragmatic surface 膈面epiglottic cartilage 会厌软骨epiglottis 会厌ethmoidal bulb 筛泡ethmoidal infundibulum 筛漏斗ethmoidal labyrinth 筛骨迷路external nose 外鼻fissure of glottis 声门裂glottis 声门hilum of lung 肺门horizontal fissure of right lung 水平裂inferior mediastinum 下纵隔infraglottic cavity 声门下腔intercartilaginous part 软骨间部intermediate cavity of larynx 喉中间腔intermenbranous part 膜间部laryngeal cavity 喉腔laryngeal muscle 喉肌laryngeal prominence 喉结laryngeal vestibule 喉前庭larynx 喉lateral cricoarytenoid muscle 环杓侧肌left principal bronchus 左主支气管lingual of left lung 左肺小舌lobar bronchi 肺叶支气管lung 肺median cricothyroid ligament 环甲正中韧带median thyroarytenoid ligament 甲状舌骨正中韧带mediastinal pleura 纵隔胸膜mediastinal surface 纵隔面mediastinum 纵隔mmembranous wall 膜壁middle medialstinum 中纵隔muscular process 肌突nasal ala 鼻翼nasal cavity 鼻腔nasal cavity proper 固有鼻腔nasal concha 鼻甲nasal gland 鼻腺nasal limen 鼻阈nasal septum 鼻中隔nasa vestibule 鼻前庭nose 鼻nostril 鼻孔oblique arytenoids 杓斜肌oblique fissure 斜裂olfactory region 嗅区paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦parietal pleura 壁胸膜pericardial region 心包区phrennicomediastinal recess 膈纵隔隐窝pleura 胸膜pleural cavity 胸膜腔pleural recesses 胸膜隐窝plica aryepiglottica 杓状会厌襞posterior cricoarytenoid muscle 环杓后肌posterior mediastinum 后纵隔pulmonary artery 肺动脉pulmonary ligament 肺韧带pulmonary lobule 肺小叶pulmonary segment 肺段quadrangular membrane 方形膜region of thymus 胸腺区respiratory system 呼吸系统right principal bronchus 右主支气管rima vestibule 前庭裂root of lung 肺根segmental bronchi 肺段支气管semimunar hiatus 半月裂孔sphenoethmoidal recess 蝶筛隐窝subcarinal angle 嵴下角superior mediastinum 上纵隔superior notch 上切迹supreme nasal concha 最上鼻甲thyroarytenoid muscle 甲杓肌thyrohyoid membrane 甲状舌骨膜thyroid articular surface 甲关节面thyroid cartilage 甲状软骨trachea 气管tracheal cartilages 气管软骨tracheal muscle 气管肌transverse arytenoids 杓横肌triticeal cartilage 麦粒软骨ventricle of larynx 喉室vestibular fold 前庭襞vestibular ligament 前庭韧带visceral pleura 脏胸膜vocal cord 声带vocal fold 声襞vocal ligament 声韧带vocal process 声带突xiphocostal angle 剑肋角vocalis 声带肌第四章泌尿系统--语音下载Chapter 4 Urinary System1, 25- hydroxycholecalciferol 羟胆钙化醇abdominal part of the ureter 输尿管腹部apex of bladder 膀胱尖body of bladder 膀胱体cystoptosis 膀胱脱垂erythropoietin 红细胞生成素external urethral orifice 尿道外口fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊female urethra 女性尿道fibrous capsule 纤维囊fundus of bladder 膀胱底inferor stricture 下狭窄internal orifice of urethra 尿道内口internal urethral orifice 尿道内口unterureteric fold 输尿管间襞intramural part of the ureter 输尿管壁内部kidney 肾major renal calices 肾大盏medial border 内侧缘median umbilical ligament 脐正中韧带middle stricture 中狭窄minor renal calices 肾小盏muscular tunica 肌织膜meck of lbadder 膀胱颈nephroptosis 肾下垂papillary foramina 乳头孔pelvic cavity 盆腔pelvic part of the ureter 输尿管盆部pretrnal fascia 肾前筋膜prevesical space 膀胱前隙pubicoprostatic ligament 耻骨前列腺韧带renal artery 肾动脉renal column 肾柱renal corpuscles 肾小体renal cortex 肾皮质renal fascia 肾筋膜renal hilum 肾门renal medulla 肾髓质renal papillae 肾乳头renal pedicle 肾蒂renal pelvis 肾盂renal pyramid 肾锥体renal region 肾区renal segment 肾段renal sinus 肾窦renal tubulus 肾小管rennin 肾素retrorenal fascia 肾后筋膜segmental artery 肾段动脉skeins gland 尿道旁腺superior stricture 上狭窄suprarenal gland 肾上腺trigone of bladder 膀胱三角ureter 输尿管ureteric orifice 输尿管口urinary bladder 膀胱urinary incontinence 尿失禁urinary system 泌尿系统venous plexus 静脉丛vesical plica 膀胱襞vesical uvula 膀胱垂zone devoid of vessel 乏血管带第五章男性生殖系统--语音下载Chapter 5 Male Reproductive System ampulla ductus deferentis 输精管壶腹anterior urethra 前尿道base of porstate 前列腺底body of penis 阴茎体body of prostate 前列腺体bulb of urethra 尿道球bulbourethral gland 尿道球腺cavernous body of penis 阴茎海绵体cavernous body of urethra 尿道海绵体cavernous part 海绵体部contorted senimiferous tubules 曲精小管crus of penis 阴茎脚cremaster 提睾肌dartos coat 肉膜ductus deferens 输精管efferent ductules of testis 睾丸输出小管ejaculatory duct 射精管epididymis 附睾external genital organs 外生殖器external orifce of urethra 尿道外口external spermatic fascia 精索外筋膜frenulum of prepuce 包皮系带glans penis 阴茎头gubernaculums testis 睾丸引带internal genital organs 内生殖器internal spermatic fascia 精索内筋膜lobules of testis 睾丸小叶male urethra 男性尿道mediastinum testis 睾丸纵隔membranous part 膜部navicularfossa of urethra 尿道舟状窝penis 阴茎posterior urethra 后尿道prepubic curvature 耻骨前弯prepuce of penis 阴茎包皮prostate 前列腺prostatic part 前列腺部prostatic utricle 前列腺小囊reproductive system 生殖系统rete testis 睾丸网root of penis 阴茎根scrotum 阴囊seminal colliculus 精阜seminal vesicle 精囊septula testis 睾丸小隔septum of scrotum 阴囊中隔spermatic cord 精索spermatic fluid 精液straight seminiferous tubules 精直小管subpubic curvature 耻骨下弯sulcus of prostate 前列腺沟suspensory ligament of penis 阴茎悬韧带tunica albuginea 白膜tunica vaginalis of tesis 睾丸鞘膜tunica vaginalis testis 尿道嵴urethral crest 鞘膜腔vaginal cavity testis 睾丸第六章女性生殖系统--语音下载Chapter 6 Female Reproductive Systemareola of breast 乳晕abdominal orifce of uterine tube 输卵管腹腔口anal region 肛区ampulla of uterine tube 输卵管壶腹anococcygeal ligament 肛尾韧带areolar gland 乳晕腺axillary process 腋突body of clitoris 阴蒂体body of uterus 子宫体broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带bulb of vestibule 前庭球bulbocavernosus 球海绵体肌canal of cervix of uterus 子宫颈管cardinal ligament of uterus 子宫主韧带cavernous body of clitoris 阴蒂海绵体cavity of uterus 子宫腔clitoris 阴蒂coccygeus 尾骨肌crus of clitoris 阴蒂脚deep perineal space 会阴深隙deep transverse muscle of perineum 会阴深横肌fimbriae of uterine tube 输卵管伞fornix of vagina 阴道穹free border 独立缘fundus of uterus 子宫底glans of clitoris 阴蒂头greater lip of pudendum大阴唇geater vestibular gland 前庭大腺hilum of ovary 卵巢门horn of uterus 子宫角hymen 处女膜infundibulum of uterine tube 输卵管漏斗ischioanal fossa 坐骨肛门窝ischiocavernosus 坐骨海绵体肌isthmus of uterine tube 输卵管峡isthmus of uterus 子宫峡lactiferous ducts 输乳管lactiferous sinus 输乳管窦lesser lip of pudendum 小阴唇levator ani 肛提肌lobe of mammary gland 乳腺叶lobule of mammary gland 乳腺小叶mamma, breast 乳房mammary papilla 乳头mesentery border of ovary 卵巢系膜缘mons pubis 阴阜neck of uterus 子宫颈orifice o uterus 子宫口ovary 卵巢ovarian fimbria 卵巢伞parametrium 子宫旁组织pelvic diaphragm 盆膈merineal body 会阴体perineal central tendon 会阴中心腱perineum 会阴proper ligament of ovary 卵巢固有韧带rectouterine fold 直肠子宫襞retromammary space 乳腺后间隙roun ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带sphincter ani externus 肛门外括约肌sphincter of urethra 尿道括约肌superficial perineal space 会阴浅隙superficial transverse muscle of perineum 会阴浅横肌suspensory ligament of breast 乳房悬韧带suspensory ligament of ovary 卵巢悬韧带tendinous arch of levator ani muscle 肛提肌腱弓tubal extremity 输卵管端urethrovaginal sphincter 尿道阴道括约肌urogenital diaphragm 尿生殖膈urogenital region 尿生殖区uterus 子宫uterine appendages 子宫附件uterine extremity 子宫端uterine orifice of uterine tube 输卵管子宫口uterine part 输卵管子宫部uterine tube 输卵管uterosacral ligament 子宫骶韧带vagina 阴道vaginal orifice 阴道口vaginal part of cervix 子宫颈阴道部vaginal vestibule 阴道前庭vulva 女阴第七章腹膜--语音下载Chapter 7 Peritoneumabdominal cavity 腹腔bare area of liver 肝裸区coronary ligament 冠状韧带extraperitoneal tissue 腹膜外组织falciform ligament of liver 镰状韧带femoral fossa 股凹gastrocolic ligament 胃结肠韧带gastrophrenic ligament 胃膈韧带gastrosplenic ligament 胃脾韧带greater omentum 大网膜hepatoduodenal ligament 肝十二指肠韧带hepatogastric ligament 肝胃韧带hepatorenal recess 肝肾隐窝intersigmoid recess 乙状结肠间隐窝lateral inguinal fossa 腹股沟外侧窝lateral umbilical fold 脐外侧襞left and right triangular ligaments 左、右三角韧带lesser omentum 小网膜ligamentum teres hepatis 肝圆韧带medial inguinal fossa 腹股沟内侧窝medial umbilical fold 脐内侧襞median umbilical fold脐正中襞mesenteric sinus肠系膜窦mesentery 肠系膜mesoappendix 阑尾系膜omental bursa 网膜囊omental foramen 网膜孔omentum 网膜paracolic sulcus 结肠旁沟parietal peritomeum 壁腹膜peritoneal cavity 腹膜腔peridoneal folds 腹膜襞peritoneal recesses 腹膜隐窝peritoneum 腹膜phrenicocolic ligament 膈结肠韧带phrenicosplenic ligament 膈脾韧带pouch 陷凹rectouterine pouch 直肠子宫陷凹rectovesical pouch 直肠膀胱陷凹retorcecal recess 盲肠后隐窝root of mesentery 肠系膜根sigmoid mesocolon 乙状结肠系膜splenocolic ligament 脾结肠韧带splenorenal ligament 脾肾韧带subphrenic space 膈下间隙。
局部解剖学名词解释
名词解释1、三边孔：位于腋窝后壁，在肩胛下肌和大圆肌间留有三角形的裂隙，被肱三头肌长头分为内侧和外侧两个孔，内侧的叫三边孔。
其境界是：上界为肩胛下肌，下界为大圆肌，外侧为肱三头肌长头。
内有旋肩胛动、静脉通过。
2、四边孔：位于腋窝后壁，在肩胛下肌和大圆肌间留有三角形的裂隙，被肱三头肌长头分为内侧和外侧两个孔，外侧的叫四边孔。
其境界是：上界为肩胛下肌，下界为大圆肌，内侧为肱三头肌长头，外侧为肱骨外科颈，内有旋肱后动、静脉和腋神经通过。
3、肱骨肌管：由肱三头肌的三个头与肱骨的桡神经沟围成的管道，管内通过绕神经及伴行的肱深血管。
4、腕管：由屈肌支持带与腕骨沟共同围成。
管内有指浅、深屈肌腱及屈肌总腱鞘、拇长屈肌腱及其腱鞘和正中神经通过。
5、肘窝：指肘前区的三角形凹陷，其尖朝向上肢远端。
内容肌腱、血管、神经、淋巴等结构。
6、鼻烟窝：当拇指充分外展和后伸时，在腕和手背形成一尖向拇指的三角形凹陷，称鼻烟7、股三角：位于股前内测区上1/3部，由肌肉形成的三角形区域。
境界：上界为腹股沟韧带，外侧界为缝匠肌的内侧缘，内侧界为长收肌的内侧缘。
8、股管：是底向上的短锥形筋膜管，长约1.3-1.5c m。
其前壁与阔筋膜融合，后壁与耻骨肌筋膜融合，外侧壁是分隔股管与股静脉的筋膜隔。
9、踝管：踝后区的深筋膜在内踝和跟节内侧面之间的部分增厚，形成屈肌支持带，又称分裂韧带，次韧带与内踝、跟骨内侧面之间共同围成踝管。
10、收肌管：为位于股前区中1/3段前内侧，缝匠肌深面的一个间隙，长约15c m管内自前向后有隐神经和股神经至股内侧肌的肌支、股动、静脉经过。
11、梨状肌上孔：梨状肌起自骶骨盆面外侧部，经坐骨大孔出盆腔，止于股骨大转子，其上缘与坐骨大孔之间的裂隙称为梨状肌上孔。
12、梨状肌下孔：梨状肌起自骶骨盆面外侧部，经坐骨大孔出盆腔，止于股骨大转子，其下缘与坐骨大孔之间的裂隙称为梨状肌上孔。
13、坐骨小孔：为臀部与会阴的交通孔道，由骶棘韧带、骶结节韧带与坐骨小切迹共同围成。
人体解剖学期末总复习提纲——名词解释
人体解剖学期末总复习提纲一．名词解释1.板障（diploe）：颅盖各骨内外板间的骨松质，内有板障静脉通过。
2.翼点（pterion area）：颞窝底的前下部骨质较薄，最薄弱处在额，顶，颞，蝶四块骨的汇合处，常构成H型的缝，称为翼区，其内面紧邻脑膜中动脉前支。
3．腹直肌鞘（sheath of rectus abdominis）：包裹腹直肌，由腹外斜肌腱膜与腹内斜肌腱膜和腹横肌腱膜愈合而成。
4.咽峡（isthmus of fauces）：由腭垂，腭帆游离缘，两侧腭舌弓及舌根共同围成，是口腔与口咽的分界。
5.肝门（porta hepatis）：有肝左右管，肝固有动脉左右支，肝门静脉左右支和干的神经，淋巴管等经此出入。
6.肺根（root of lung）：出入肺门的结构，包括主支气管，肺动静脉，淋巴管，神经被结缔组织膜包裹。
7.胸膜隐窝（pleural recesses）：壁胸膜相互移行形成的胸膜腔，深呼吸时肺的下缘也不能充满的空间，也称胸膜窦。
8.膀胱三角（trigone of bladder）：膀胱底内面一三角形区域，位于两侧输尿管和尿道口之间。
此区黏膜和肌层紧密相连，缺少黏膜下层组织，无论膀胱处于空虚或充盈时，黏膜都保持平滑状态，该区是膀胱肿瘤和结核的好发部位。
9.精索（spermatic cord）：由输精管，睾丸动脉，蔓状静脉丛，输精管动脉和静脉，淋巴管神经及鞘韧带等组成。
始于腹股沟深环，止于睾丸后缘，其上部位于腹股沟管内，下部位于阴囊内。
在阴囊内侧壁近阴茎根部易于摸及输精管，光滑坚韧，临床上做输精管结扎手术，常在此处进行。
10.掌浅弓（superficial palmer arch）：由尺动脉终端和桡动脉掌浅支吻合而成。
该弓位于掌腱膜和掌短肌的深方，指屈肌腱和屈肌总腱鞘，蚓状肌和正中神经及尺神经各分支的浅面。
掌浅弓凸向远端，并发出数条分支至手指。
11.掌深弓（deep palmer arch）：由桡动脉末端和尺动脉掌深支吻合而成，位于屈指肌腱深面。
系统解剖学 名词解释
紧贴于骨的表面（关节面除外）特点：由致有营养骨的作用。
含有丰富的神经末梢，感觉灵敏。
内层含有分为红骨髓和黄骨髓，红骨髓存在于骨髓具有造血功能，是人体内主要的造血器官。
黄骨髓主要由脂肪由相邻椎骨的椎上切迹与椎下椎孔vertebral:由锥体和椎弓围成，彼此连成椎管，容纳和保护位于颅骨外侧面颞窝的前下部，由额，顶，颞，形的缝，其内面有脑膜中动脉前支通过，此处由骶骨岬，骶骨与耻骨联合由腭垂下缘、左、右腭舌弓及舌根共同,位于十二起自胸骨柄及脸转向对侧，两侧收缩时使头后仰。
一侧病变使该肌痉挛时，75cm，,外包,是肾动脉、肾静脉、肾.,:由前至后 肾静脉、肾动脉、肾静脉、肾盂部，前部、左右侧部、后部。
前部浅，后部最深，并于子宫直肠陷凹相邻，两者间仅隔以阴道壁和腹膜该陷凹内有积液时，可经阴道穹后部穿刺引流，以便诊--主动脉及—上下腔静脉—右心房。
特点：大循环动脉内流动的血液是动脉血，大循环精脉内流动的血液是静脉血。
意义：血液流经全身毛细血管时，血液 —肺动脉动的是有大循环经静脉流回到心的静脉血，肺静脉内流动的是经肺部气体交换后的动脉血。
意义：血液流经肺毛细血管时，是一卵圆形—心包液。
脉导管闭锁后的遗迹。
动脉导管在出生后6个月尚未闭锁，则能接受体内、外又称也称3.5mm处的一黄色小—传神经纤维（轴突及其髓鞘）聚集所形成的结构，颜色白亮，称胞体非特异性冲动，使大脑皮质保持意识水平、清醒状态；通过网状脊髓束参与运动调节；通过网状结构内的生命活动中枢，保止于舌正中线两侧。
舌向前下方，即伸舌。
若一侧颏舌肌瘫痪，当病人伸舌时，舌嵌入枕骨大孔，形成枕骨大孔疝（小脑扁桃体疝），挤压延髓，只—胸一至腰三各脊腔内有脊神经通过。
意义：临床上常将麻醉药注入此腔内--硬脉，左右颈内动脉、左右后交通动脉、左右大脑后动脉互相连接而成。
意义：在该动脉环完整时，若构成此环的某一处血液肝脏面有H 形三条沟，其中横沟位于脏面正中，有肝左、左右主支气管在肺门附近按肺叶分出肺叶支气管，复分支，形成支气管树。
解剖学名词解释(详细版)
1. 解剖学姿势----身体直立，面向前，两眼平视正前方，两足并立，足尖向前，上肢下垂于躯干两侧，掌心向前。
2. 内侧和外侧----是描写人体各局部或器官与人体正中矢状面相对距离大小而言的术语，距正中面近者为内侧，反之为外侧。
3. 骺线----成年后，长骨体与骺之间的骺软骨骨化后的遗迹。
4. 板障----颅骨顶内外板之间的骨松质，含有丰富的板障静脉。
5. 椎管----各锥孔贯通，构成容纳骨髓及其被膜等的管道。
6. 椎间孔----由相邻椎骨的椎上下切迹共同围成，其间有脊神经和血管通过。
7. 隆椎----第7颈椎，棘突较长，末端不分叉，体表易于触及，常作为计数椎骨序数的标志。
8. 胸骨角Sternal angle ----胸骨体与胸骨柄交界处向前微突的横嵴，两侧平对第2肋软骨，常作为计数肋的标志。
9. 肋弓---第8-10对肋前端借肋软骨与上位肋软骨连接而形成，是重要的体表标志。
10. 翼腭窝----为上颌骨体，蝶骨翼突与腭骨之间的窄间隙，深藏于颞下窝的内侧，内有神经，血管经过。
11. 颅囟----新生儿颅顶骨的骨缝间较大的未骨化的膜性部位，主要有前（额）囟和后（枕）囟。
12. 翼点Pterion ----为颅侧面额骨，顶骨，颞骨和蝶骨的H形交界处，此处骨质薄弱，内有脑膜中动脉前支经过。
13. 蝶筛隐窝Sphenoethmoidal recess ---上鼻甲后上方与蝶骨之体间的间隙，内有蝶窦的开口。
14. 鼻旁窦----是上颌骨，额骨和蝶骨以及筛骨内的骨腔，位于鼻腔周围并开口于鼻腔。
15. Luschka关节----即钩椎关节，第3-7颈椎体上面侧缘向上突起为椎体钩，椎体沟与上位椎体下面两侧的唇缘相连接而成。
如果过度增生肥大，可致椎间孔狭窄而压迫脊神经。
16. 腕骨沟----8块腕骨弧形排列而形成的掌面凹陷的浅沟，参与腕管的构成。
17. 桡神经沟----肱骨中部后面自内上斜向外下的浅沟，有桡神经和肱深血管经过。
解剖学词汇中英对照
解剖学词汇中英对照解剖学是研究动物或植物结构的一支形态学分支学科，可以分为动物解剖学和植物解剖学。
接下来小编为大家整理了解剖学词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!brain 脑lumbar vertebra 腰椎?lung 肺?occipital lobe 枕叶patella 髌骨penis 阴茎peritoneum 腹膜reticular formation 网状结构sclera 巩膜stomach 胃superior colliculus 上丘thoracic vertebra 胸椎tibia 胫骨autonomic nervous system 植物性神经系统，自主神经系internal capsule 内囊kidney 肾脏lingual n. 舌神经sacral plexus 骶丛sympathetic 交感的brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干articular capsule 关节囊Blood vessel systemcarpus 腕骨external ear 外耳facial n. 面神经hip bone 髋骨inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带lateral ventricle 侧脑室locus ceruleus 蓝斑lymph node 淋巴结lymphatic system 淋巴系nervous system 神经系统nucleus ambiguous 疑核orbita 眶pelvis 骨盆pons 脑桥spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束sternum 胸骨submandibular gland 下颌下腺substantia nigra 黑质anatomy 解剖学duodenum 十二指肠internal carotid a. 颈内动脉? intervertebral disc 椎间盘levator ani m. 肛提肌nucleus proprius cornu posterior 后角固有核occipital bone 枕骨palate 腭postcentral gyrus 中央后回pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pyramidal tract 锥体束sensory neuron 感觉神经元telencephalon 端脑aorta 主动脉biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌capillary 毛细血管?cardiac apex 心尖?frontal bone 额骨?ganglion 神经节interatrial septum 房间隔? lymphatic trunk 淋巴干?pleura 胸膜pubis 耻骨red nucleus 红核small intestine 小肠cartilage 软骨?dura mater 硬膜iliopsoas m.motor neuron 运动神经元pia mater 软脑膜posterior funiculus 后索talocrural (ankle) joint 距骨小腿(踝)关节thoracic duct 胸导管tibial n. 胫神经atrioventricular bundle 房室束atrium 心房axillary a. 腋动脉basilic v. 贵要静脉bronchus 支气管central nervous system 中枢神经系统gall bladder 胆囊gray substance 灰质interventricular septum 室间隔large intestine 大肠lip 唇liver 肝?lumbar plexus 腰丛?mamma (breast) 乳房mandible 下颌骨medial lemniscus 内侧丘系nasal septum 鼻中隔neuron 神经元nucleus 细胞核，神经核parietal bone 顶骨parietal lobe 顶叶pharynx 咽posterior horn 后角precentral gyrus 中央前回pylorus 幽门radius 挠骨sacrum 骶骨sagittal plane 矢状面scapula 肩胛骨skeleton 骨骼spermatic cord 精索sphenoid bone 蝶骨spleen 脾subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下腔synapse 突触temporal lobe 颞叶basal nuclei 基底核bone 骨brachial plexus 臂丛central gray substance 中央灰质? fasciculus gracilis 薄束?femoral n. 股神经?fibula 腓骨?hippocampus 海马?ilium 髂骨?ligament 韧带maxilla 上颌骨mesentery 肠系膜nasal cavity 鼻腔ovary 卵巢peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统pupil 瞳孔sense organ 感觉器官accessory n. 副神经brain stem 脑干caecum 盲肠?diencephalon 间脑?larynx 喉lateral funiculus 外侧索?nerve 神经nucleus posteromarginalis 后角边缘核oesophagus 食道parasympathetic 副交感的prostate 前列腺retina 视网膜scrotum 阴囊temporal bone 颞骨thalamus 丘脑anatomy 解剖学anterior horn 前角anus 肛门arachnoid 蛛网膜associate neuron 联络神经元atrioventricular node 房室结ductus deferens 输精管?eyeball 眼球fascia 筋膜?femoral a. 股动脉?femur 股骨greater omentum 大网膜humerus 肱骨?inferior colliculus 下丘?inferior vena cava 下腔静脉? insula 岛叶?iris 虹膜jejunum 空肠lesser omentum 小网膜? anterior cerebral a. 大脑前动脉horizontal planeischium 坐骨joint cavity 关节腔?laterior horn 外侧角?lymph vessel 淋巴管?muscle 肌perineum 会阴sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌superior vena cava 上腔静脉anal canal 肛管artery 动脉auditory tube 咽鼓管axillary n. 腋神经carpal canal 腕管?diaphragm 膈?Edinger Westphal nucleus E W核? endocrine gland 内分泌腺fasciculus cuneatus 楔束?frontal lobe 额叶?genital organs 生殖器? hypothalamus 丘脑下部，下丘脑? ileocaecal valve 回盲瓣? midbrain， mesencephalon 中脑radial a. 桡动脉spinal cord 脊髓tendo calcaneus 跟腱tongue 舌angiology 脉管学auricle 耳廓cardiac orifice 贲门?lens 晶体neuroglia 神经胶质nucleus solitarius 孤束核? thyroid gland 甲状腺。
麻醉解剖学中英文对照表
麻醉解剖学中英文对照表①James 旁路束② Kent 束③ Mahaim 纤维④Brechenmacher 房-束旁道Camper筋膜和Scarpa筋膜Lanz点Oddis括约肌紧张Oddi括约肌purkinje纤维网A艾生曼格氏综合征 Eisenmenger syndrome 鞍背dorsum sellae鞍隔diaphragma of saddle鞍结节tuberculum sellaeB白膜 albuginea白线（Hilton线） white line板障diploe半棘肌semispinalis半奇静脉hemiazygos vein半月神经节semilunar ganglion，包皮系带 frenulum of prepuce背阔肌latissimus dorsi鼻 nose鼻旁窦paranasal sinuses鼻前庭 nasal vestibule鼻腔 nasal cavity鼻咽nasopharynx鼻阈 limen nasi鼻中隔 nasal septum闭孔动脉 obturator artery闭孔动脉obturator artery 闭孔神经 obturator nerve闭孔神经 obturator nerve壁腹膜 parietal peritoneum壁胸膜 parietal pleura臂丛brachial plexus臂丛上部损伤后表现呈Erb-Duchenne麻痹征象髌韧带patellar ligamentC侧脑室lateral ventricle肠系膜 mesentery肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery尺动脉ulner artery尺神经ulnar nerve齿突dens齿突尖韧带apical ligament of dens齿状韧带denticulate ligament齿状线 dentate lin耻骨弓pubic arch耻骨后隙（Retzius 隙、膀胱前隙retropubic space耻骨结节 pubic tubercle耻骨梳韧带（Cooper韧带）pectineal ligament耻骨子宫韧带 pubouterine ligament垂体hypophysis垂体窝hypophyseal fossaD大脑cerebrum大脑大静脉great cerebral vein大脑动脉环（Willis环）cerebral arterialcircle大脑镰cerebral falx大前根动脉或Adamkiewicz大网膜 greater omentum大隐静脉 great saphenous vein胆总管 common bile duct岛叶insula骶丛 sacral plexus骶骨sacrum骶管sacral canal骶管裂孔sacral hiatus骶管裂孔sacral hiatus骶交感干神经节 sacral ganglia骶角sacral cornu骶淋巴结 sacral lymph nodes骶曲 sacral flexure骶外侧动脉 lateral sacral artery骶外侧嵴 lateral sacral crest骶尾关节sacrococcygeal joint骶尾区sacral coccyx region骶正中嵴median sacral crest骶子宫韧带 sacrouterine ligament第3枕神经third occipital nerve第三脑室third ventricle第四脑室fourth ventricle蝶筛隐窝 sphenoethmoidal recess顶叶parietal lobe顶枕沟parietooccipital sulcus动脉artery动脉导管未闭 patent ductus arteriosus 动脉冠arterial vasocorona窦房结sinuatrial node端脑telencephalonE 额叶frontal lobe腭palate腭扁桃体 palatine tonsil耳大神经great auricular nerve耳颞神经auriculotemporal nerve耳颞神经auriculotemporal nerve耳屏tragusF法乐四联征tetralogy of Fallot反转韧带 reflected ligament方形膜quadrangular membrane房室交点crux房室结atrioventricular node房室结区atrioventricular nodal region 房室束(希氏（His）束) atrioventricular bundle腓肠内侧皮神经 medial sural cutaneous nerve腓肠神经 sural nerve腓肠外侧皮神经 lateral sural cutaneous nerve腓浅神经 superficial peroneal nerve腓深神经 deep peroneal nerve腓总神经common peroneal nerve肺lungs肺底base of lung肺动脉 pulmonary artery肺动脉瓣valve of pulmonary trunk肺动脉瓣狭窄 pulmonary stenosis肺动脉干 pulmonary trunk肺根 root of lung肺尖apex of lung肺静脉 pulmonary veins肺门 hilum of lung肺韧带 pulmonary ligament。
解剖学 肌肉(英文版)
Acton: steadies,raise,descends,retract e and rotates the scapula.
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Action: Flexes, adducts and rotates the arm medially
; elevates ribs 1-6,aidding in forced inspiration.
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor 胸小肌
Actions: Stabilizes scapula by drawing it forward and downward
3) The Deep Cervical Muscles 颈深肌
lateral group
scalenus anterior scalenus medius scalenus posterior
Actions: elevate the ribs and flex and rotate the cervical region of the vertebral column to the opposite side.
sternal parts.
aortic hiatus主动脉裂孔
(T12, abdominal aorta主动脉,
thoracic duct 胸导管)
esophageal hiatus食管裂孔
(T10, esophagus食管, vagal trunks 迷走神经)
vena caval foramen腔静脉孔
解剖学英文名词
解剖学英文单词anatomy 解剖学locomotor system 运动系统osteology 骨学bone 骨cartilage 软骨bone marrow 骨髓vertebra 椎骨cervical vertebrae 颈椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae腰椎sacrum 骶骨coccyx 尾骨rib 肋costal bone 肋骨sternum 胸骨ster na l a ngle 胸骨角cranium, skull 颅orbit 眶paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦frontal sinus 额窦maxillary sinus 上颌窦sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦ethmoidal sinus 筛窦pterion 翼点cranial fontanelles 颅囟clavicle 锁骨humerus 肱骨scapula 肩胛骨radius 桡骨ulna 尺骨carpal bones 腕骨metacarpal bones掌骨phalanges 指骨/趾骨hip bone 髋骨ilium 髂骨ischium 坐骨pubis 耻骨acetabulum 髋臼femur 股骨patella 髌骨tibia 胫骨fibula 腓骨tarsal bones 跗骨metatarsal bones 跖骨arthrology 关节学fibrous joint 纤维连结cartilaginous joint 软骨连结synosteosis 骨性结合joint, articulation 关节vertebral column 脊柱intervertebral disc 椎间盘thoracic cage 胸廓temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节shoulder joint 肩关节elbow joint 肘关节radiocarpal joint/wrist joint桡腕关节pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pelvis 骨盆terminal line 界线sarotuberous ligament骶结节韧带sarospinous ligament骶棘韧带greater sciatic foramen坐骨大孔hip joint 髋关节knee joint 膝关节ankle joint 踝关节transverse tarsal joint跗横关节meniscus 半月板mycology 肌学muscle 肌肉tendon 肌腱aponeurosis 腱膜fascia 筋膜trapezius m. 斜方肌latissimus dorsi m. 背阔肌erector spinae m. 竖脊肌sternocleidomastoid m.胸锁乳突肌pectoralis major m. 胸大肌serratus anterior m. 前锯肌intercostal m. 肋间肌diaphragm 膈obliquus externus abdominis m.腹外斜肌inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带sheath of rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘linea alba 腹白线inguinal canal 腹股沟管inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角deltoid m. 三角肌biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌triceps brachii m. 肱三头肌gluteus maximus m. 臀大肌sartorius m. 缝匠肌quadriceps femoris m.股四头肌adductor magnus m. 大收肌triceps surae m. 小腿三头肌splanchnology 内脏学alimentary system 消化系统digestive tube/digestive tract消化管oral cavity 口腔palate 腭tongue 舌cheek 颊tooth 牙tonsil 扁桃体salivary glands 唾液腺sublingual gland 舌下腺parotid gland 腮腺submandibular gland 下颌下腺pharynx 咽esophagus 食管stomach, gaster 胃cardia 贲门pylorus 幽门small intestine 小肠duodenum 十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum 回肠caecum 盲肠vermiform appendix 阑尾colon 结肠sigmoid colon 乙状结肠rectum 直肠anal canal 肛管anus 肛门liver, hepar 肝porta hepatis 肝门gall bladder 胆囊pancreas 胰respiratory system 呼吸系统nose 鼻nasal cavity 鼻腔larynx 喉trachea 气管bronchus 支气管lung 肺pleura 胸膜pleural cavity 胸膜腔pleural recesses 胸膜隐窝costodiaphragmatic recess肋膈隐窝mediastinum 纵隔urinary system 泌尿系统kidney 肾renal hilum 肾门renal pedicle 肾蒂ureter 输尿管urinary bladder 膀胱urethra 尿道reproductive system生殖系统testis 睾丸epididymis 附睾ductus deferens 输精管ejaculatory duct 射精管spermatic cord 精索prostate/prostate gland前列腺seminal vesicle 精囊bulbourethral gland 尿道球腺scrotum 阴囊penis 阴茎ovary 卵巢uterine tube 输卵管uterus 子宫vagina 阴道mamma, breast 乳房perineum 会阴pelvic diaphragm 盆膈urogenital diaphragm尿生殖膈peritoneum 腹膜greater omentum 大网膜omental burse 网膜囊mesentery 肠系膜subphrenic space 膈下间隙rectovesical ponch直肠膀胱陷凹rectouterine pouch直肠子宫陷凹angiology 脉管学cardiovascular system心血管系统lymphatic syatem 淋巴系统heart 心cardiac atrium 心房cardiac ventricle 心室tricuspid valve 三尖瓣mitral valve 二尖瓣conus arteriosus 动脉圆锥pulmonary orifice 肺动脉口aortic sinus 主动脉窦interatrial septum 房间隔interventricular septum 室间隔sinuatrial node 窦房结atrioventricular node 房室结atrioventricular bundle房室束coronary artery 冠状动脉pericardium 心包pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干arterial ligament 动脉韧带common carotid a.颈总动脉carotid glomus 颈动脉小球internal carotid a. 颈内动脉facial a. 面动脉superficial temporal a.颞浅动脉subclavian a. 锁骨下动脉axillary a. 腋动脉brachial a. 肱动脉ulnar a. 尺动脉radial a. 桡动脉superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓thoracic aorta 胸主动脉abdominal aorta 腹主动脉coeliac trunk 腹腔干left gastric a. 胃左动脉common hepatic a. 肝总动脉splenic a. 脾动脉right gastroepiploic a.胃网膜右动脉superior mesenteric a.肠系膜上动脉common iliac a. 髂总动脉external iliac a. 髂外动脉femoral a. 股动脉popliteal a. 腘动脉posterior tibial a. 胫后动脉peroneal a. 腓动脉dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉uterine a. 子宫动脉superior vena cava 上腔静脉brachiocephalic vein头臂静脉internal jugular v. 颈内静脉cephalic v. 头静脉basilic v. 贵要静脉median cubital v. 肘正中静脉azygos v. 奇静脉great saphenous v. 大隐静脉portal v. 门静脉paraumbilical v. 附脐静脉thoracic duct 胸导管superficial inguinal lymph nodes腹股沟浅淋巴结spleen 脾thymus 胸腺sensory organs 感觉器visual organs 视器eye 眼cornea 角膜sclera 巩膜iris 虹膜pupil 瞳孔ciliary body 睫状体chor oid 脉络膜retina 视网膜optic disc 视神经盘macula lutea 黄斑aqueous humor 房水lens 晶状体vitreous body 玻璃体conju n ctiva结膜lacrimal apparatus 泪器ophthalmic a. 眼动脉ear 耳tympanic membrane 鼓膜tympanic cavity 鼓室auditory tube 咽鼓管vestibule 前庭cochlea 耳蜗semicircular canal 半规管peripheral nervous system周围神经系统spinal nerve 脊神经spinal ganglia 脊神经节cervical plexus 颈丛phrenic n. 膈神经brachial plexus 臂丛median n. 正中神经musculocutaneous n. 肌皮神经intercostal n. 肋间神经lumbar plexus 腰丛obturator n. 闭孔神经sacral plexus 骶丛sciatic n. 坐骨神经tibial n. 胫神经common peroneal n. 腓总神经cranial n. 脑神经olfactory n. 嗅神经optic n. 视神经oculomotor n. 动眼神经trochlear n. 滑车神经trigeminal n. 三叉神经ophthalmic n. 眼神经maxillary n. 上颌神经mandibular n. 下颌神经abducent n. 展神经facial n. 面神经vestibulocochlear n.前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal n. 舌咽神经vagus n. 迷走神经accessory n. 副神经hypoglossal n. 舌下神经chorda tympani 鼓索autonomic nervous system自主神经系统sympathetic nerve交感神经parasympathetic nerve副交感神经central nervous system中枢神经系统spinal cord脊髓gray matter灰质cortex 皮质nucleus 神经核white matter 白质medulla 髓质fasciculus 纤维束ganglion 神经节reticular formation 网状结构spinal cord脊髓anterior horn前角posterior funiculus 后索anterior white commissure白质前连合fasciculus gracilis 薄束fasciculus cuneatus 楔束spinothalamic tract脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束corticonuclear tract 皮质核束brain, encephalon 脑brain stem脑干medulla oblongata延髓pyramid锥体pyramidal decussation锥体交叉pons脑桥midbrain, mesencephalon中脑red nucleus 红核substantia nigra 黑质cerebellum小脑diencephalon间脑thalamus丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑optic chiasma 视交叉medial geniculate body内侧膝状体telencephalon端脑lateral ventricle侧脑室choroid plexus脉络丛internal capsule 内囊corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus striatum 纹状体cerebral cortex 大脑皮质hippocampal formation海马结构limbic system 边缘系统extrapyramidal system锥体外系cerebral dura mater 硬脑膜cavernous sinus海绵窦epidural space 硬膜外隙subarachnoid space蛛网膜下隙spinal pia mater 软脊膜cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液endocrine glands 内分泌腺thyroid gland 甲状腺parathyroid gland甲状旁腺suprarenal gland肾上腺hypophysis垂体pineal corpus松果体。
系统解剖学 英文版.Myology(1)
Major Muscles of Back
★Latissimus dorsi 背阔肌
Origin: Spinacic and all lumbar vertebrae Median sacral crest Posterior part of iliac crest Insertion: crest of lesser tubercle Action: when trunk fixed, extends, adducts and medially rotates arm; when arm fixed, elevates trunk.
Muscles of the neck
Anterior group Suprahyoid muscles Digastric 二腹肌 Stylohyoid 茎突舌骨肌 Mylohyoid 下颌舌骨肌 Geniohyoid 颏舌骨肌 Action: elevate (raise) hyoid bone and depress mandible
Facial muscles 面肌
Epicranius 颅顶肌 Frontal belly 额腹 Occipital belly 枕腹 Galea aponeurotica 帽状腱膜 Orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌
Oral group 口周围肌
Orbicularis oris 口轮匝肌 Buccinator 颊肌
Masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌
Lateral pterygoid 翼外肌
superiorly to the medial
pterygoid
Pulls the mandible forward
常见汉英解剖学名词对照
常见汉英解剖学名词对照A鞍背dorsum sellae鞍结节tuberculum sellaeB白线white line白质前连合anterior white commissure板内核intralaminar nucleus板障diploe半环线arcuate line半腱肌semitendinosus半膜肌semimembranosus半羽肌unipennate muscle半月裂孔hiatus semilunaris半月线semilunar line膀胱bladder膀胱三角trigone of bladder膀胱上动脉superior vesical artery膀胱子宫陷凹vesicouterine pouch背侧丘脑dorsal thalamus背阔肌latissimus dorsi背内侧核medial dorsal nucleus背外侧核lateral dorsal nucleus背外侧束dorsolateral fasciculus贲门cardia鼻nose鼻唇沟nasolabial sulcus鼻棘nasal spine鼻甲嵴conchal crest鼻尖apex of nose鼻孔nares鼻泪管nasolacrimal canal鼻腔nasal cavity鼻咽nasopharynx鼻烟壶anatomical snuffbox鼻翼wing of nose鼻阈nasal limen鼻中隔nasal septum比目鱼肌soleus闭孔obturator foramen闭孔动脉obturator artery闭孔内肌obturator internus m.闭孔外肌obturator externus m.壁腹膜parietal peritoneum臂丛brachial plexus边缘动脉marginal a.杓横肌transverse arytenoids杓会厌襞plica aryepiglottica杓斜肌oblique arytenoids杓状软骨arytenoid cartilage髌骨patella髌尖apex of patella髌韧带ligamentum patallae髌上囊suprapatellar bursa玻璃体vitreous body薄束fasciculus gracilis薄束核gracile nucleus薄束结节gracile tubercleC侧副三角collateral trigone侧脑室lateral ventricle长收肌adductor longus肠系膜mesentery肠系膜上动脉superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜上静脉superior mesenteric v. 肠系膜下动脉inferior mesenteric a. 肠系膜下静脉inferior mesenteric v. 肠脂垂epiploicae appendices尺侧副韧带ulnar collateral lig.尺侧腕屈肌flexor carpiulnaris尺骨ulna尺骨粗隆tuberosity of ulna尺骨冠突coronoid process of ulna 尺骨茎突styloid process of ulna尺骨鹰嘴olecranon of ulna尺切迹ulnar notch尺神经ulnar n.尺神经沟groove for ulnar nerve齿突dens齿状核dentate nucleus齿状回dentate gyrus齿状韧带denticulate ligament耻骨pubis耻骨肌pectineus m.耻骨嵴pubic crest耻骨结节pubic tubercle耻骨联合symphysis pubis耻骨韧带pubofemoral lig.耻骨上支superior ramus of pubis耻骨梳pecten pubis耻骨体body of the pubiss耻骨下支inferior pubic ramus垂体hypophysis pituitary gland垂体柄pituitary stalk垂体窝hypophyseal fossa锤骨柄handle of malleusD大多角骨trapezium bone大脑导水管cerebral aqueduct大脑横裂transverse cerebral fissure大脑后动脉posterior cerebral a.大脑脚cerebral peduncle大脑脚底crus cerebri大脑镰cerebral falx大脑前动脉anterior cerebral a.大脑上静脉superior cerebral v.大脑水管cerebral aqueduct大脑下静脉inferior cerebral v.大脑中动脉middle cerebral a.大脑中浅静脉superficial middle cerebral v. 大脑纵裂cerebral longitudinal fissure大收肌adductor magnus大网膜greater omentum大阴唇greater lip of pudendum大隐静脉great saphenous v.大圆肌teres major大转子greater trochanter胆囊gallbladder胆囊动脉cystic a.胆囊管cystic duct胆囊三角Calot triangle胆总管common bile duct弹性圆锥conus elasticus导水管周围灰质periaqueductal gray岛叶insula岛阈limen insula镫骨stapes骶丛sacral plexus骶骨sacrum骶管sacral canal骶管裂孔sacral hiatus骶后孔dorsal sacral foramen骶岬sacral promontory骶角sacral cornu骶结节韧带sacrotuberous ligament骶髂关节sacroiliac joint骶前孔pelvic sacral foramen骶外侧动脉lateral sacral a.骶正中嵴median crest骶椎sacral vertebra第二肝门secondary portal of liver第三肝门third portal of liver第三脑室third ventricle第四脑室fourth ventricle第五跖骨粗隆tuberosity of th metatarsal蝶鞍sella turcica蝶窦sphenoid sinus蝶骨大翼greater wing of sphenoid bone蝶骨小翼lesser wing of sphenoid bone蝶筛隐窝sphenoethmoidal recess蝶囟anterolateral fortanelle顶盖脊髓束tectospinal tract顶盖前区pretectal region顶骨parietal bone顶核fastigial nucleus顶结节parietal protuberance顶孔parietal emissary foramen顶内沟intraparietal sulcus顶上小叶superior parietal lobule顶下小叶inferior parietal lobule顶叶parietal lobe顶枕沟parietooccipital sulcus顶枕颞桥束parietooccipitopontine and temporopontine tract 动脉导管三角arterial duct triangle动脉弓arterial arcades动脉韧带arterial ligament动脉圆锥conus arteriosus动眼神经oculomotor n.动眼神经副核accessory nucleus of oculomotor n.动眼神经核oculomotor nucleus豆状核lenticular nucleus窦汇confluence of sinuses端脑telencephalon对耳轮antihelix多腹肌multi-belly m.多羽肌multi-pennate m.E额窦frontal sinus额骨frontal bone额桥束frontopontine tract额上沟superior frontal sulcus额上回superior frontal gyrus额神经frontal n.额下沟inferior frontal sulcus额下回inferior frontal gyrus额叶frontal lobe额中回middle frontal gyrus腭扁桃体palatine tonsil腭垂uvula腭大孔greater palatine foramen 腭帆提肌levator veli palatini m. 腭帆张肌tensor veli palatini m. 腭舌肌palatoglossal m.腭突palatine process of maxilla 腭小孔lesser palatine foramen腭咽肌palatopharyngeus耳垂auricular lobule耳大神经great auricular n.耳郭auricle of the ear pinna耳后动脉posterior auricular a.耳甲腔cavity of auricular concha 耳甲艇cymba of auricular concha 耳轮helix耳轮脚crus of helix耳颞神经auriculotemporal n.耳屏tragus耳蜗cochlea耳舟scapha耳状面auricular surface二腹肌double belly m.F方形膜quadrangular membrane 方形小叶quadrangular lobule房室交点crux腓侧副韧带fibular collateral lig. 腓肠肌gastrocnemius腓肠内侧皮神经medial sural cutaneous n.腓肠神经sural n.腓肠外侧皮神经lateral sural cutaneous n.腓骨fibula腓骨长肌peroneus longus腓骨短肌peroneus brevis腓骨肌上、下支持带superior and inferior peroneal retinaculum 腓关节面fibular facet腓浅神经superficial peroneal n.腓切迹fibular notch腓深神经deep peroneal n.腓总神经common peroneal n...肺lung肺底base of lung肺动脉pulmonary a.肺动脉瓣(半月瓣) pulmonary valve(semilunar valve)肺动脉干pulmonary trunk肺动脉口orifice of pulmonary trunk肺根root of lung肺尖apex of lung肺韧带pulmonary ligament肺上、下静脉superior and inferior pulmonary v.缝匠肌sartorius m.辐射冠corona radiata附睾epididymis附脐静脉paraumbilical v.副神经accessory n.副神经核accessory nucleus副左肾动脉accessory left renal a.腹白线linea alba腹壁浅静脉superficial epigastric v.腹壁下动脉inferior epigastric a.腹股沟管浅环superficial inguinal ring腹股沟淋巴管inguinal lymphatic vessel腹股沟浅淋巴结superficial inguinal lymph node腹股沟韧带inguinal ligament腹横肌transversus abdominis腹横筋膜transversalis fascia腹后核ventral posterior nucleus腹后内、外侧核ventral posterior medial and lateral nucleus腹后侧核ventral posterior nucleus腹环abdominal inguinal ring腹内斜肌obliquus internus abdominis腹前核ventral anterior nucleus腹腔动脉celiac a.腹腔干celiac trunk腹外侧核ventral lateral nucleus腹外斜肌obliquus externus abdominis腹外斜肌腱膜external oblique aponeurosis腹直肌rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘rectus sheath腹主动脉abdominal aortaG肝liver肝固有动脉proper hepatic a.肝裸区bare area of liver肝门静脉hepatic portal v.肝门静脉右支right branch of hepatic portal v.肝肾隐窝hepatorenal recess肝十二指肠韧带hepatoduodenal lig.肝尾状叶caudate lobe肝右动、静脉right hepatic a. and v.肝圆韧带ligamentum teres hepatis肝圆韧带裂fissure for ligamentum tereshepatis肝中静脉intermediate hepatic v.肝总动脉common hepatic a.肝总管common hepatic duct肝左动、静脉left hepatic a. and v.肝左叶left lobe of liver橄榄olive冈上肌supraspinatus冈上窝supraspinous fossa冈下肌infraspinatus冈下窝infraspinous fossa肛瓣anal valves肛动脉anal a.肛管anal canal肛门anus肛门括约肌anal sphincter肛门内、外括约肌internal and external anal sphincter m. 肛神经anal n.肛提肌levator ani m.肛柱anal columns睾丸testis睾丸鞘膜tunica vaginalis of testis膈diaphragm膈结肠韧带phrenicocolic lig.膈神经phrenic n.跟骨calcaneus跟腱tendo calcaneus跟结节calcaneal tuber弓状隆起arcuate eminence弓状纤维arched fibers弓状线arcuate line肱尺关节humeroulnar joint肱动脉brachial a.肱二头肌biceps brachii肱二头肌长头腱long tendon of biceps肱二头肌腱bicipital tendon肱二头肌腱膜bicipital aponeurosis肱骨humerus肱骨滑车humeral trochlea肱骨头capitulum head of humerus肱肌brachialis肱静脉brachial v.肱桡关节humeroradial joint肱桡肌brachioradialis肱三头肌triceps brachii钩uncus钩骨hamate钩椎关节Luschka`s joint孤束solitary tract孤束核solitary nucleus股薄肌gracilis股动脉femoral a.股二头肌biceps femoris股二头肌腱tendon of biceps femoris股方肌quadratus femoris股骨femur股骨髌面patellar surface股骨大转子greater trochanter股骨颈neck of femur股骨内侧髁medial femoral condyle股骨内上髁medial femoral epicondyle股骨头femoral head股骨头凹fovea capitis fovea of femoral head 股骨外侧髁lateral femoral condyle股骨外上髁lateral femoral epicondyle股后皮神经posterior femoral cutaneous n. 股静脉femoral v.股内侧肌vastus medialis股内侧浅静脉superficial medial femoral v. 股深动脉deep femoral a.股神经femoral n.股四头肌quadriceps femoris股四头肌腱tendon of quadriceps股外侧肌vastus lateralis股外侧皮神经lateral femoral cutaneous n.股外侧浅静脉superficial lateral femoral v.股直肌rectus femoris股中间肌vastus intermedius股中间皮神经intermediate femoral cutaneous n. 骨化中心ossification center骨密质compact bone骨盆上口pelvic brim骨松质spongy bone骨髓bone marrow鼓膜张肌tensor tympani鼓室tympanic cavity鼓室盖tegmen tympani关节结节articular tubercle关节盘articular disc关节软骨articular cartilage关节窝mandibular fossa关节盂glenoid cavity关节盂唇glenoidal labrum冠突coronoid process of ulna冠突窝coronoid fossa冠状窦coronary sinus冠状窦口orifice of coronary sinus冠状缝coronal suture冠状沟coronary sulcus冠状面coronal plane贵要静脉basilic v.腘动脉popliteal a.腘肌popliteus腘静脉popliteal v.腘窝popliteal fossa腘斜韧带oblique popliteal lig.H海马hippocampus海马旁回parahippocampal gyrus海马旁回parahippocampal gyrus海马伞fimbria of hippocampus海绵窦cavernous sinus颌下腺submandibular gland黑质substantia nigra横窦transverse sinus横窦沟groove for transverse sinus横结肠transverse colon横结肠系膜transverse mesocolon横切面transverse plane横突transverse process横突孔transverse foramen横突肋凹costal facet of transverse process红核red nucleus红核脊髓束rubrospinal tract喉larynx喉返神经recurrent laryngeal n.喉结laryngeal prominence喉口aditus laryngis喉前庭laryngeal vestibule喉上神经内、外支internal and external laryngeal n. 喉室ventricle of larynx喉咽部laryngeal part of the pharynx喉中间腔intermedial cavity of larynx后半规管posterior semicircular canal后穿质posterior perforated substance后床突posterior clinoid process后交叉韧带post. cruciate lig.后交通动脉posterior communicating a..后角posterior horn后角边缘核posteromarginal nucleus后角固有核nucleus proprius后乳头肌posterior papillary m.后室间支posterior interventricular branch后索posterior funiculus后外侧核lateral posterior nucleus后囟posterior fortanelle后正中沟posterior median sulcus后纵韧带posterior longitudinal lig.滑车切迹trochlear notch滑车神经trochelar n.滑车神经核trochlear nucleus踝关节ankle joint踝窝malleolar fossa环杓侧肌lateral cricoarytenoid m.环杓后肌posterior cricoarytenoid m环甲肌cricothyroid m.环甲正中韧带median cricothyroid lig.环枢关节atlantoaxial joint环状襞circular folds环状软骨cricoid cartilage环状软骨板lamina of cricoid cartilage环状软骨弓cricoid arch环椎atlas黄韧带ligamenta flava灰结节tuber cinereum灰质连合gray commissure回肠ileum回肠动脉ileal arteries回结肠动脉ileocolic a.回盲瓣ileocecal valve回盲口ileocecal orifice会厌epiglottis会厌谷epiglottic vallecula会厌结节tubercle of epiglottis会厌软骨epiglottic cartilage会阴动脉perineal a.会阴浅横肌superficial transverse m. of perineum 会阴浅筋膜superficial fascia of perineum会阴浅、深隙superficial and deep perineal space 会阴神经perineal n.喙肱肌coracobrachialis喙肱韧带coracohumeral lig.喙肩韧带coracoacromial lig喙突coracoid processJ鸡冠crista galli基底动脉basilar a.基底沟basilar sulcus肌腱tendon棘间韧带interspinal lig.棘孔foramen spinosum棘上韧带supraspinal lig.棘突spinous process脊神经spinal n.脊神经节spinal ganglion脊髓spinal cord脊髓固有束fasciculus proprius脊髓前动脉anterior spinal a.脊髓丘脑束spinothalamic tract脊髓小脑后束posterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓小脑前束anterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓圆锥conus medullaris岬promontory颊动脉buccal a.颊神经buccal n.颊支buccal branches甲杓肌thyroarytenoid m.甲状颈干thyrocervical trunk甲状旁腺parathyroid gland甲状软骨thyroid cartilage甲状软骨板lamina of thyroid cartilage甲状舌骨肌thyrohyoid甲状舌骨韧带thyrohyoid ligament甲状腺thyroid gland甲状腺上、下动脉superior and inferior thyroid a. 甲状腺峡部isthmus肩峰acromion process肩峰端acromial end肩胛冈scapular spine肩胛骨scapula肩胛切迹scapular notch肩胛上动脉、神经suprascapular a. and n.肩胛上横韧带superior transverse scapular lig.肩胛舌骨肌omohyoid肩胛下肌subscapularis肩胛下窝subscapular fossa睑内侧韧带medial palpebral ligament剑突xiphoid process腱划tendinous intersection腱膜下疏松组织loose connective tissue降结肠descending colon降口角肌depressor angular oris降下唇肌depressor labii inferioris交叉沟sulcus chiasmatis交感干sympathetic trunk交通支communicating branch胶状质substantia gelatinosa角回angular gyrus角膜cornea角切迹angular notch脚间核interpeduncular nucleus脚间窝interpeduncular fossa节制索moderator band结肠带colic bands结肠袋haustra of colon结肠右(肝)曲right colic (hepatic) flexure结肠左曲left colic flexure结节间沟intertubercular groove睫毛eyelashes睫状神经节ciliary ganglion解剖颈anatomical neck界沟sulcus limitans茎乳孔stylomastoid foramen茎突styloid process茎突舌骨肌stylohyoid茎突舌肌styloglossus晶状体lens精囊seminal vesicle精索spermatic cord颈丛cervical plexus颈动脉管carotid canal颈横神经transverse nerve of neck颈静脉结节jugular tubercle颈静脉孔jugular foramen颈静脉切迹jugular notch颈静脉窝jugular fossa颈阔肌platysma颈内动、静脉internal carotid a. and v.颈膨大cervical enlargement颈浅动脉superficial cervical a.颈髓灰质cervical gray颈外动、静脉脉external carotid a. and v.颈总动脉common carotid a..胫侧副韧带tibial collateral lig.胫骨tibia胫骨粗隆tibial tuberosity胫骨后肌tibialis posterior胫骨内侧髁medial tibial condyle胫骨前肌tibialis anterior胫后动脉posterior tibial a.胫神经tibial n.静脉韧带ligamentum venosum静脉韧带裂fissure for ligamentum venosum 距跟关节subtalar joint距骨talus距舟关节talonavicular joint距状沟calcarine sulcusK颏唇沟mentolabial sulcus颏棘mental spina颏结节mental tubercle颏孔mental foramen颏隆凸mental protuberance颏舌骨肌geniohyoid颏舌肌genioglossus髁管condular canal髁间隆起intercondylar eminence髁间窝intercondylar fossa髁突condylar process空肠jejunum空肠动脉jejunal arteries口角angle of mouth口裂oral fissure口轮匝肌orbicularis oris口腔oral cavity口咽oropharynx扣带沟cingular sulcus扣带回cingular gyrus髋骨hip bone髋臼acetabulum髋臼切迹acetabular notch髋臼窝acetabular fossa眶板orbital plate眶回orbital gyri眶面orbital surface眶上裂superior orbital fissure眶上切迹supraorbital notch眶上缘superior rim of the orbit supraorbital margin 眶下沟infraorbital groove眶下管infraorbital canal眶下孔infraorbital foramen眶脂体adipose body of orbit阔筋膜张肌tensor fasciae lataeL阑尾vermiform appendix阑尾动脉appendicular a.阑尾口orifice of vermiform appendix阑尾系膜mesoappendix蓝斑locus ceruleus肋rib肋膈隐窝costodiaphragmatic recess肋弓costal arch肋骨costal bone肋间隙intercostal space肋间血管intercostal a.and v.肋角angle of a rib肋结节costal tubercle肋颈costal neck肋切迹costal incisure肋软骨costal cartilage肋锁韧带costoclavicular lig.泪阜lacrimal caruncle泪囊lacrimal sac泪腺lacrimal gland泪腺窝fossa for lacrimal gland泪小管lacrimal canaliculus梨状肌piriformis梨状隐窝recessus piriformis犁骨vomer犁状肌piriformis联合腱conjoint tendon镰状韧带falciform ligament裂孔疝hiatal hernia淋巴结lymph node淋巴滤泡lymphatic follicles漏斗infundibulum漏斗隐窝infundibular recess颅skull颅盖calvaria skull cap颅骨skull骨膜periosteum卵巢ovary卵巢固有韧带ligament of ovary卵巢悬韧带suspensory lig. of ovary卵圆孔foramen ovale卵圆窝fossa ovalis轮匝肌orbicular m.M马尾cauda equina盲肠caecum帽状腱膜galea aponeurotica眉峰superciliary peak眉弓superciliary arch眉间glabella眉体、头、尾superciliary body, head and tail 脉络丛choroid plexus门静脉portal v.迷路labyrinthh迷走神经vagus n.迷走神经背核dorsal nucleus of vagus n迷走神经三角vagal triangle面动脉facial a.面肌facial muscles面静脉facial v.面丘facial colliculus面神经facial n.面神经管facial nerve canal面神经核facial nucleus面神经颊支buccal branches面神经颈支cervical branch母长屈肌flexor hallucis longus母长伸肌extensor hallucis longus拇长伸肌腱tendon of extensor pollicis longus 拇长展肌abductor pollicis longus拇短屈肌flexor pollicis brevis拇短伸肌extensor pollicis brevis拇短伸肌腱tendon of extensor pollicis brevis拇短展肌abductor pollicis brevis母展肌abductor hallucisN内侧半月板medial meniscus内侧隆起medial eminence内侧丘系medial lemniscus内侧膝状体medial geniculate body内侧膝状体核medial geniculate nucleus内侧楔骨medial cuneiform bone内侧嗅纹medial olfactory stria内侧纵束medial longitudinal fasciculus内耳internal ear脚间窝interpeduncular fossa内耳道internal acoustic meatus内耳门internal acoustic meatus内弓状纤维internal arcuate fibers内踝medial malleolus内囊internal capsula内髓板internal medullary lamina内脏大、小神经greater and lesser splanchnic n. 内直肌medial rectus m.内眦medial ocular angle脑brain脑岛insula脑膜中动脉middle meningeal a.脑桥pons脑桥基底部basilar part of pons尿道urethra尿道海绵体cavernous body of urethra尿道内口internal urethral orifice尿道前列腺部prostatic urethra尿道球bulb of the urethra尿道外口external orifice of urethra尿生殖膈上、下筋膜superior and inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm 颞骨temporal bone颞骨鳞部squamous part颞骨岩部petrous part of temporal bone颞肌temporal m.颞浅动脉superficial temporal a.颞上、下沟superior and inferior temporal sulcus颞上、下回superior and inferior temporal gyrus颞深动脉deep temporal a.颞下窝infratemporal fossa颞叶temporal lobe颞中回middle temporal gyrusP盆膈pelvic diaphragm盆膈上、下筋膜superior and inferior fascia of pwlvic diaphragm盆腔pelvic cavity皮质核束corticonuclear tract皮质红核束corticorubral tract皮质脊髓侧束lateral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓前束anterior corticospinal tract皮质脊髓束corticospinal tract脾spleen脾动、静脉splenic a. and v.脾门splenic hilum脾切迹splenic notch胼胝体corpus callosum胼胝体沟callossal sulcus屏状核claustrum破裂孔foramen lacerumQ奇静脉azygos v.脐umbilicus脐动脉umbilical a.气管trachea气管隆突carina of trachea髂耻隆起iliopubic eminence髂粗隆iliac tuberosity髂腹股沟神经ilioinguinal n.髂腹下神经iliohypogastric n.髂股韧带iliofemoral lig.髂骨ilium髂后上棘posterior superior spine髂肌iliacus m. .髂棘iliac crest髂结节tubercle of iliac crest髂胫束iliotibial tract髂内动、静脉internal iliac a. and v.髂前上、下棘anterior superior and inferior iliac spine髂外动、静脉external iliac a. and v.髂窝iliac fossa髂腰动脉iliolumbar a.髂腰肌iliopsoas m.髂总静脉common iliac v.髂总淋巴管common iliac lymphatics前半规管anterior semicircular canal前鼻棘anterior nasal spine前臂内、外侧皮神经medial and lateral cutameous n. of forearm 前穿质anterior perforated substance前交叉韧带ant. cruciate lig.前交通动脉anterior communicating a.前锯肌serratus anterior前连合anterior commissure前列腺prostate前乳头肌anterior papillary m.前室间支anterior interventricular branch前庭襞vestibular fold前庭窗fenestra vestibuli前庭脊髓束vestibulospinal tract前庭球bulb of vestibule前庭韧带vestibular ligament前庭神经核vestibular nuclei前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ前庭蜗神经vestibulocochlear n.前庭小脑束vestibulocerebellar tract前斜角肌anterior scalene m.前斜角肌结节tubercle of scalenus anterior muscle前囟anterior fontanelle前正中裂anterior median fissure前纵韧带anterior longitudinal lig.浅筋膜superficial fascia腔静脉孔vena caval foramen鞘突vaginal process切牙管incisive canall切牙孔incisive foramina禽距calcar avis穹窿fornix穹窿脚crus of fornix穹窿体body of fornix穹窿柱fornical column丘脑腹后外侧核ventral posterolateral nucleus 丘脑间粘合interthalamic adhesion丘脑前辐射anterior thalamic radiation丘脑上辐射superior thalamic radiation丘脑枕pulvinar球海绵体肌bulbocavernosus球结膜bulbar conjunctiva球状核globose nucleus屈肌支持带flexor retinaculum颧大肌zygomaticus major颧弓zygomatic arch颧骨zygomatic bone颧骨额突frontal process颧突zygomatic process of maxillaR桡侧副韧带radial collateral lig.桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕短伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis桡侧腕屈肌flexor carpi radialis桡动脉radial a.桡骨radius桡骨粗隆radial tuberosity桡骨环状韧带annular lig.of radius桡骨茎突styloid process of radius桡骨颈neck of radius桡骨头head of radius桡切迹radial notch桡神经radial n.桡神经沟groove for radial nerve人中philtrum人字点lambda人字缝lambdoid suture绒球flocculus肉柱trabeculae carneae乳房悬韧带suspensory ligament of breast乳头mammary papilla乳头丘脑束mammillothalamic tract乳头体mamillary body乳头体核mammillary nuclei乳突mamillary process乳突窦mastoid antrum乳突窦入口aditus to antrum乳突小房mastoid air celll乳突囟posterolateral fortanelle乳腺小叶lobules of mammary gland乳晕areola of breast软腭soft palate软骨cartilage软骨区cartilaginous regionS腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管parotid duct t三叉神经trigeminal n.三叉神经脊束spinal trigeminal tract三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal nu.三叉神经节trigeminal ganglion三叉神经压迹trigeminal impression三叉神经运动核motor nucleus of trigeminal n.三叉神经中脑束mesencephalic tract of trigeminal n. 三尖瓣前尖anterior cusp of tricuspid valve三角骨triquetrum三角肌deltoid三角肌粗隆deltoid tuberosity三角窝triangular fossa筛板cribriform plate筛窦ethmoid sinus筛骨垂直板perpendicular plate of ethmoid筛漏斗ethmoidal infundibulum筛突ethmoidal process上半规管superior semicircular canal上鼻道superior meatus上鼻甲superior nasal concha上橄榄核superior olivary nucleus上颌动脉maxillary a.上颌窦maxillary sinus上颌骨maxilla上颌神经maxillary n.上颌突maxillary process上颌牙槽突alveolar process上睑upper eyelid上睑板superior tarsus上胫腓关节superior tibiofibular joint上肋凹superior costal facet上颞线superior temporal line上腔静脉superior vena cava上丘superior colliculus上丘臂brachium of superior colliculus上矢状窦superior sagittal sinus上矢状窦沟groove for superior sagittal sinus上髓帆superior medullary velum上项线superior nuchal line上斜肌obliquus superior上直肌rectus superior上纵肌superior longitudinal m.舌tongue舌扁桃体lingual tonsil舌动脉lingual a.舌动脉lingual a.舌根root of tongue舌骨hyoid bone舌骨大、小角greater and lesser horn of hyoid bone舌骨体body of hyoid bone舌横肌transverse m. of tongue舌回lingual gyrus舌神经lingual n.舌下神经hypoglosal n.舌下神经管hypoglossal canal舌下神经核hypoglossal nucleus舌下神经三角hypoglossal triangle舌下腺sublingual gland舌咽神经glossopharyngeal n.射精管ejaculatory duct伸肌上、下支持带superior and inferior extensor retinaculum 肾kidney肾大、小盏major and minor renal calyx肾动脉renal a.肾窦renal sinus肾副动脉accessory renal a.肾后筋膜retrorenal fascia肾静脉renal v.肾门renal hilum肾旁脂体pararenal body肾皮质renal cortex肾前筋膜prerenal fascia肾乳头renal papilla肾上腺suprarenal gland肾上腺静脉suprarenal v.肾盂renal pelvis肾柱renal column肾锥体renal pyramid升结肠ascending colon升主动脉ascending aorta生殖股神经genitofemoral n.生殖股神经生殖支genital branch of genitofemoral n. 声襞vocal fold声门裂fissure of glottis声门下腔infraglottic cavity声韧带vocal ligament十二指肠duodenum十二指肠降部descending part of duodenum十二指肠上部superior part of duodenum十二指肠水平部horizontal part of duodenum十二指肠上襞superior duodenal fold食管esophagus食管腹段abdominal portion食管颈段cervical portion食管胸段thoracic portion食管静脉esophageal v.食管裂孔esophageal hiatus食管压迹esophageal impression矢状缝sagittal suture矢状面sagittal plane视辐射optic radiation视交叉optic chiasm视区visual area视神经optic n.视神经管optic canal视束optic tract视隐窝supraoptic recess室间隔肌部muscular part室间隔膜部membranous part室间孔interventricular foramen室上嵴supraventricular crest收肌结节adductor tubercle手背静脉网dorsal venous rete of hand手舟骨scaphoid bone枢椎axis枢椎齿突dens of axis输精管ductus deferens输精管壶腹ampulla ductus deferentis输卵管uterine tube输卵管伞fimbria of uterine tube输尿管ureter输尿管间襞Interureteric fold输乳管窦lactiferous sinus竖脊肌erector spinae闩obex栓状核emboliform nucleus松果体pineal body松果体上隐窝suprapineal recess松果体隐窝pineal recess髓核nucleus pulposus髓纹striae medullares锁骨clavicle锁骨上神经supraclavicular n.锁骨上窝supraclavicular fossa锁骨下动、静脉subclavian a. and v.锁骨下动、静脉沟groove for subclavian artery and vein 锁骨下窝inferior fossa of clavicle锁间韧带interclavicular lig.TTreitz韧带ligament of Treitz提肛肌levator ani提上睑肌levator palpebrae superioris听辐射acoustic radiation听结节acoustic tubercle听区auditory area听小骨auditory ossicles听诊三角triangle of auscultation瞳孔pupil头半棘肌semispinalis capitis头臂干brachiocephalic a.头臂静脉brachiocephalic v.头长肌longus capitis m.头后大直肌rectus capitis posterior major头夹肌splenius capitis头静脉cephalic v.头皮scalp头上、下斜肌obliquus capitis superior and inferior头状骨capitate bone骰骨cuboid bone透明隔septum pellucidum臀大肌gluteus maximus .臀肌粗隆gluteal tuberosity臀上、下动脉superior and inferior gluteal a.臀上皮神经superior gluteal cutaneous n.臀上、下神经superior and inferior gluteal n. 臀下皮神经inferior gluteal cutaneous n.臀小肌gluteus minimus臀中肌gluteus medius臀中皮神经middle gluteal cutaneous n.W外半规管lateral semicircular canal外侧半月板lateral meniscus外侧丘系lateral lemniscus外侧膝状体lateral geniculate body外侧膝状体核lateral geniculate nucleus外侧楔骨lateral cuneiform bone外侧嗅纹lateral olfactory stria外耳道external acoustic meatus外耳门external acoustic meatus外踝lateral malleolum外科颈surgical neck外髓板external medullary lamina外直肌lateral rectus m.外眦lateral ocular angle豌豆骨pisiform腕管carpal canal网膜孔omental foramen网状核reticular nucleus网状脊髓束reticulospinal tract网状结构reticular formation尾骨coccyx尾头核caudate nucleus尾状叶caudate lobe of liver胃stomach胃襞gastric folds胃大弯greater curvature胃底fundus of stomach胃结肠韧带gastrocolic lig.胃泡magenblase胃十二指肠动脉gastroduodenal a.胃小弯lesser curvature胃右静脉right gastric v.胃左动、静脉left gastric a. and v.蜗窗fenestra cochleae蜗神经cochlear n.蜗神经核cochlear nucleusX膝横韧带transverse lig. of knee膝上内侧动脉superior medial genicular a. 膝上外侧动脉superior lateral genicular a. 膝下内侧动脉inferior medial genicular a. 膝下外侧动脉inferior lateral genicular a. 膝中动脉middle genicular a.下鼻道inferior meatus下鼻甲inferior concha下唇lower lip下橄榄核inferior olive nucleus下颌骨mandible下颌骨髁突condyloid process下颌角angle of mandible下颌孔mandibular foramen下颌切迹mandibular incisure下颌舌骨肌mylohyoid下颌舌骨线mylohyoid line下颌神经mandibular n.下颌头head of mandible下颌窝mandibular fossa下颌下腺管submandibular duct下颌支mandibular ramus下睑lower eyelid下睑板inferior tarsus下胫腓关节inferior tibiofibular joint下肋凹inferior costal facet下颞线inferior temporal line下腔静脉infer vena cava下丘inferior colliculus下丘脑hypothalamus下矢状窦inferior sagittal sinus下项线inferior nuchal line下斜肌obliquus inferior下牙槽动脉inferior alveolar a.下牙槽神经inferior alveolar n.下直肌rectus inferior下纵肌inferior longitudinal m.纤维环anulus fibrosus纤维囊fibrous capsule小肠small intestine小肠系膜mesentery of the small intestine 小多角骨trapezoid bone小脑cerebellum小脑半球cerebellar hemisphere小脑扁桃体tonsil of cerebellum小脑镰cerebellar falx小脑幕tentorium of cerebellum小脑丘脑束cerebellothalamic tract小脑绒球flocculus小脑上动脉superior cerebellar a.小脑上脚superior cerebellar peduncle小脑上脚交叉decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下后动脉posterior inferior cerebellar a.小脑下脚inferior cerebellar peduncle小脑下前动脉Anterior inferior cerebellar a.小脑延髓池cerebellomedullary cistern小脑蚓vermis小脑中脚middle cerebellar peduncle小舌lingula小网膜lesser omentum小翼lesser wing小阴唇lesser lip of pudendum小隐静脉small saphenous v.小鱼际hypothenar小圆肌teres minor小指短屈肌flexor digiti minimi brevis小指伸肌extensor digiti minimi小指展肌abductor digitiminimi小趾展肌abductor digiti minimi小转子lesser trochanter楔骨cuneiform楔回cuneate gyrus楔前回precuneate gyrus楔束cuneate fasciculus楔束副核lateral cuneate nucleus楔束核cuneate nucleus楔束结节cuneate tubercle斜方肌trapezius muscle斜裂oblique fissure斜坡clivus心heart心包pericardicum心大静脉great cardiac v.心尖apex of the heart心尖切迹cardiac apical incisure心切迹cardiac notch心压迹cardiac impression心中静脉middle cardiac v.杏仁体amygdaloid body胸长神经long thoracic n.。
局部解剖学名词解释(中英文)
名词解释1、肋间隙(intercostal space): 位于相邻两肋之间，为胸壁的薄弱之处。
肋间隙的宽窄不一，上部肋间隙较宽，下部的较窄；前部较宽，后部较窄，并随体位不同而有差异。
肋间隙由肋间内肌和肋间外肌封闭，两层肌之间有肋间后血管和肋间神经。
胸膜腔穿刺时，常在腋后线至肩胛线之间的第8或第9肋间隙进针。
2、乳房悬韧带(suspensory lig. Of breast):乳腺周围的纤维组织发出许多小的纤维束，分别向深面连于胸筋膜，向浅面连于皮肤和乳头，对乳房起支持和固定作用。
这些纤维束称乳房悬韧带或Cooper韧带。
患乳腺癌时，由于韧带两端固定，无伸展性，常使皮肤形成凹陷。
3、腋鞘(axillary sheath):亦称颈腋管，由颈部的椎前筋膜延伸而成，包裹腋动、静脉和臂丛。
4、胸腰筋膜(thoracolumbar fascia): 胸腰筋膜包裹在竖脊肌和腰方肌的周围，在腰部筋膜明显增厚，分为浅层、中层和深层。
浅层位于竖脊肌的浅面，向内附于棘突的棘上韧带，向外附于肋角，向下附于髂嵴。
中层分隔竖脊肌和腰方肌。
中层和浅层在外侧会合，构成竖脊肌鞘。
深层覆盖在腰方肌的前面。
三层筋膜在腰方肌外侧缘会合，作为腹内斜肌和腹横肌的起始部。
由于腰部活动度大，在剧烈运动中，胸腰筋膜常可扭伤，是造成腰背部劳损病因之一。
5、肾区(renal region): 在腰背部，肾门的体表投影点位于竖脊肌外侧缘和第12肋的夹角处，称肾区。
肾炎和肾盂肾炎时肾区可有叩击痛。
6、三边孔(trilateral foramen)：肱三头肌长头穿过大圆肌和肩胛下肌、小圆肌之间，其内侧即为三边孔，有旋肩胛血管通过7、四边孔(quadrilateral foramen): 肱三头肌长头与肱骨外科颈之间即为四边孔，有腋神经及旋肱后血管通过。
8、腹白线(linea alba)：位于腹前壁正中线，介于左右腹直肌鞘之间，由两侧的腹直肌鞘纤维彼此交织而成，上方起自剑突，下方止于耻骨联合。
人体解剖英文名词
人体解剖英文名词绪论 introduction**解剖学 anatomy**人体解剖学 human anatomy**系统解剖学 systematic anatomy, descriptive anatomy **局部解剖学 topographic anatomy, regional anatomy **应用解剖学 applied anatomy**临床解剖学 clinical anatomy**外科解剖学 surgical anatomy**解剖学姿势 anatomical position*矢状面 sagittal plane*正中矢状面 median(or midsagittal) plane*冠状面（或额状面） coronal(or frontal) plane*横切面（或水平面） transverse(or horizontal) plane 前面（或腹侧面） anterior(or ventral) surface后面（或背侧面） posterior(or dorsal) surface上端（或颅端） superior(or cranial) end下端（或尾端） inferior(or caudal) end内侧（尺侧或胫侧）缘 medial(ulnar or tibial)border 外侧（桡侧或腓侧）缘 lateral(radial or fibular)border 近侧端（或上端） proximal(or upper) end远侧端（或下端） distal(or lower) end内面 internal(or interior)surface外面 external(or exterior)surface浅层 superficial layer深层 deep layer*头 head*颅 cranium, skull*额 front*枕 occipit*颞 temples*耳 ear*面 face*眼 eye*鼻 nose*口 mouth唇 lip*颈 neck, cervix, collum *躯干 trunk*背 back*胸 thorax, chest*腹 abdomen脐 umbilicus*盆部 pelvis四肢 limbs, extremities *上肢 upper limb*肩 shoulder腋 axilla*臂 arm*肘 elbow*前臂 forearm*手 hand腕 wrist掌 palm*鱼际 thenar*小鱼际 hypothenar *手指 finger*拇指 thumb示指 index finger*下肢 lower limb*髋 hip*股（又称大腿) thigh *膝 knee*小腿 leg*踝 ankle, malleolus *足 foot跗tarsus跖 sole*趾 toe骨及骨连结 bone and joint*骨学 osteology**骨骼 skeleton*骨骼系统 skeletal system**骨 bone中轴骨 axial skeleton附肢骨 appendicular skeleton*长骨 long bone*短骨 short bone*扁骨 flat bone*不规则骨 irregular bone**骨密质 compact bony substance**骨松质 spongy bony substance **骨膜 periosteum骨内膜 endosteum*黄骨髓 yellow bony marrow**红骨髓 red bony marrow骺 epiphysis骨干 diaphysis干骺端 metaphysis*骺软骨 epiphysial cartilage*骺线 epiphysial line滋养孔 nutrient foramen髓腔 medullary cavity突 process棘 spine隆起 eminence粗隆 tuberosity结节 tuber, tubercle嵴 crest线 line窝 concavity, fossa凹 fovea小凹 foveola压迹 impression腔 cavity窦 autrum, sinus管 canal, duct孔 foramen,opening口 mouth, apertura, aditus, ostium 裂孔 hiatus髁 condyle上髁 epicondyle缘 margin切迹 notch, incisura纤维连结 fibrous joint韧带连结 syndesmosis缝 suture软骨连结 cartilaginous joint **关节 articulation, joint**关节面 articular surface 关节软骨 articular cartilage **关节囊 articular capsul *纤维层 fibrous layer*滑膜 synovial membrane **关节腔 articular cavity**韧带 ligament**关节盘 articular disk**关节半月板 articular meniscus *关节唇 articular labrum滑膜关节 synovial joint平面关节 plane joint球窝关节 ball and socket joint椭圆关节 ellipsoid joint车轴关节 pivot joint鞍状关节 saddle joint*屈 flexion*伸 extension*收 adduction*展 abduction*旋转 rotation*环转 circumduction*旋前 pronation*旋后 supination*外翻 eversion*内翻 inversion*背屈 dorsiflexion*跖屈 plantarflexion**椎骨 vertebrae**脊柱 vertebral column*椎管 vertebral canal*椎体 vertebral body*椎弓 vertebral arch**椎间孔 intervertebral foramen *椎孔 vertebral foramen*棘突 spinous process*横突 transverse process上关节突 superior articular process **颈椎 cervical vertebrae*横突孔 transverse foramen*寰椎 atlas侧块 lateral mass*枢椎 axis齿突 dens**胸椎 thoracic vertebrae上肋凹 superior costal fovea**腰椎 lumbar vertebrae**骶骨 sacrum, sacral bone骶骨岬 sacral promontory*骶管裂孔 sacral hiatus骶角 sacral horn**尾骨 coccyx**椎间盘 intervertebral disc*纤维环 anulus fibrosus*髓核 pulpiform nucleus*黄韧带 ligaments flava寰枕关节 atlanto-occipital joint **肋 ribs, costae*肋软骨 costal cartilage*肋沟 costal groove**肋弓 costal arch**胸骨 sternum胸骨柄 sternal manubrium胸骨体 sternal body**剑突 xiphoid process**胸骨角 sternal angle**胸廓 thoracic cage肋椎关节 costovertebral joints胸肋关节 sternocostal joints**枕骨 occipital bone枕骨髁 occipital condyle*舌下神经管 hypoglossal canal*枕骨大孔 foramen magnum枕外隆凸 external occipital protuberance *蝶骨 sphenoid bone*蝶鞍 sella turcica**垂体窝 hypophysial fossa*视神经管 optic canal鞍背 dorsum sellae破裂孔 foramen lacerum*圆孔 foramen rotundum*卵圆孔 foramen ovale*棘孔 foramen spinosum*眶上裂 superior orbital fissure 大翼 greater wings翼突 pterygoid process**颞骨 temporal bone岩部 petrous portion*乳突 mastoid process*面神经管 facial canal肌咽鼓管 musculo-tubal canal*内耳门 internal acoustic port*茎突 styloid process*茎乳孔 stylomastoid foramen *外耳道 external acoustic meatus *下颌窝 mandibular fossa**顶骨 parietal bone**额骨 frontal bone**筛骨 ethmoid bone下鼻甲 inferior nasal concha 泪骨 lacrimal bone鼻骨 nasal bone犁骨 vomer**上颌骨 maxilla眶下孔 infraorbital foramen 牙槽突 alveolar process切牙管 incisive canal*腭骨 palatine bone*颧骨 zygomatic bone**下颌骨 mandible颏孔 mental foramen冠突 coronoid process下颌切迹 mandibular incisure **舌骨 hyoid bone颅盖 calvaria外板 outer plate内板 inner plate*板障 diploe**颅前窝 anterior cranial fossa **颅中窝 middle cranial fossa **颅后窝 posterior cranial fossa 颞窝 temporal fossa*颧弓 zygomatic arch*颞下窝 infratemporal fossa*翼腭窝 pterygopalatine fossa *翼点 pterion*颈动脉管 carotid canal*颈静脉孔 jugular foramen腭大孔 greater palatine foramen **眶 orbit眶上孔 supraorbital foramen眶下孔 infraorbital foramen**骨性鼻腔 bony nasal cavity**鼻腔 nasal cavity*鼻旁窦 paranasal sinus*上颌窦maxillary sinus*蝶窦 sphenoidal sinus*额窦 frontal sinus*筛窦 ethmoidal sinus鼻中隔 nasal septum上(中, 下)鼻道 superior(middle, inferior) nasal meatus 颅囟 cranial fontanelle前囟 anterior fontanelle冠状缝 coronary suture矢状缝 sagital suture人字缝 lambdoid suture**颞下颌关节 temporomandibular joint**肩胛骨 scapula*肩峰 acromion*关节盂 glenoid cavity*喙突 coracoid process**锁骨 clavicle**肱骨 humerus大结节 greater tubercle小结节 lesser tubercle*解剖颈 anatomical neck*外科颈 surgical neck鹰嘴窝 olecranon fossa*内上髁 medial epicondyle**桡骨 radius环状关节面 articular circumference **尺骨 ulna鹰嘴 olecranon滑车切迹 trochlear notch**腕骨 carpal bones, carpus舟骨 scaphoid bone三角骨 triquetral bone豌豆骨 pisiform bone大多角骨 trapezium bone小多角骨 trapezoid bone头状骨 capitate bone钩骨 hamate bone**掌骨 metacarpal bones**指骨 phalanges of fingers*胸锁关节 sternoclavicular joint**肩关节 shoulder joint盂唇 glenoid labrum**肘关节 elbow joint*桡骨环状韧带 annular ligament of radius *桡尺近侧关节 proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节 distal radioulnar joint**腕关节 wrist joint腕掌关节 carpometacarpal joint掌指关节 metacarpophalangeal joint指间关节 interphalangeal joint**髋骨 hip bone*髋臼 acetabulum*闭孔 obturater foramen**髂骨 ilium髂嵴 iliac crest**坐骨 ischium**耻骨 pubis**骨盆 pelvis**股骨 femur大转子 greater trochanter髁间窝 intercondylar fossa**髌骨 patella**胫骨 tibia髁间隆起 intercondylar eminence *内踝 medial malleolus**腓骨 fibula*外踝 lateral malleolus**跗骨 tarsal bone, tarsus距骨 talus**跟骨 calcaneus足舟骨 navicular bone内侧楔骨 medial cuneiform bone骰骨 cuboid bone**跖骨 metatarsal bones**趾骨 phalanges of toes*耻骨联合 pubic symphysis*骶髂关节 sacroiliac joint*骶结节韧带 sacrotuberous ligament *骶棘韧带 sacrospinous ligament**髋关节 hip joint**膝关节 knee joint*半月板 meniscus*交叉韧带 cruciate ligaments**踝关节 ankle joint跗骨间关节 intertarsal joint距跟关节 talocalcaneal joint跗横关节 transverse tarsal joint跗跖关节 tarsometatarsal joints跖趾关节 metatarsophalangeal joints(二)肌肉 muscles肌学 myology肌肉系统 muscular system**肌 muscle**骨骼肌 skeletal muscle**肌腹 muscle belly**肌头 head of muscle腱膜 aponeurosis起点 origin止点 insertion**筋膜 fascia*浅筋膜 superficial fascia*深筋膜 deep fascia滑膜囊 synovial bursa*腱鞘 tendinous sheath**斜方肌 trapezius**背阔肌 latissimus dorsi**竖脊肌 erector spinae胸腰筋膜 thoracolumbar fascia 颈阔肌 platysma**胸锁乳突肌 sternocleidomastoid**斜角肌 scalenus**胸大肌 pectoralis major*胸小肌 pectoralis minor*前锯肌 serratus anterior**膈 diaphragm**中心腱 central tendon**腹直肌 rectus abdominis**腹直肌鞘 sheath of rectus abdominis 白线 linea alba**腹外斜肌 obliquus externus abdominis**腹内斜肌obliquus internus abdominis**腹横肌 transversus abdominis**腰大肌 psoas major**髂腰肌 iliopsoas**腹股沟韧带 inguinal ligament*腹股沟管 inguinal canal腹股沟管浅环 superficial inguinal ring *面肌 facial muscles枕额肌 occipitofrontal muscle帽状腱膜 gelea aponeurotica**咀嚼肌 masticatory muscles咬肌 masseter颞肌 temporalis**三角肌 deltoid大圆肌 teres major小圆肌 teres minor**肱二头肌 biceps brachii**肱三头肌 triceps brachii*肱桡肌 brachioradialis*旋前圆肌 pronator teres*桡侧腕屈肌 flexor carpi radialis*掌长肌 palmaris longus*尺侧腕屈肌 flexor carpi ulnaris*指浅屈肌 flexor digitorum superficialis指深屈肌 flexor digitorum profundus拇长屈肌 flexor pollicis longus旋前方肌 pronator quadratus桡侧腕长伸肌 extensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕短伸肌 extensor carpi radialis brevis 指伸肌 extensor digitorum*旋后肌 supinator*蚓状肌 lumbricales*骨间肌 interossei**臀大肌 gluteus maximus**梨状肌 piriformis**股四头肌 quadriceps femoris **髌韧带 patellar ligament缝匠肌 sartorius*股二头肌 biceps femoris*半腱肌 semitendinosus*半膜肌 semimembranosus*腓骨长肌 peroneus longus*腓骨短肌 peroneus brevis*胫骨前肌 tibialis anterior**小腿三头肌 triceps surae*腓肠肌 gastrocnemius*比目鱼肌 soleus*跟腱 tendo calcaneus内脏学 splanchnology消化系统 digestive system **内脏学 splanchnology**内脏 viscera**消化系统 digestive system **口腔 mouth cavity**唇 lip颊 cheek腭 palatine*牙 tooth, teeth牙髓 dental pulp切牙incisor teeth尖牙 canine teeth前磨牙 premolar teeth磨牙 molar teeth恒牙 permanent teeth乳牙 deciduous teeth**唾液腺 salivary gland舌下腺 sublingual gland下颌下腺 submandibular gland 腮腺 parotid gland*舌 tongue味蕾 taste bud, gustatory bud 舌乳头 papillae of tongue**咽 pharynx*咽峡 isthmus of fauces咽腔 cavity of pharynx*扁桃体 tonsil**食管 esophagus**胃 stomach胃大弯 greater curvature of stomach 胃小弯 lesser curvature of stomach 角切迹 angular incisure贲门部 cardial part幽门部 pyloric part幽门 pylorus*小肠 small intestine**十二指肠 duodenum**空肠 jejunum**回肠 ileum**大肠 large intestine*盲肠 caecum**阑尾 vermiform appendix**结肠 colon*升结肠 ascending colon*横结肠 transverse colon*降结肠 descending colon*乙状结肠 sigmoid colon**直肠 rectum**肛门 anus*肛管 anal canal**肝 liver*肝总管 common hepatic duct **胆囊 gallbladder *胆囊管 cystic duct**胆总管 common bile duct**胰 pancreas胰管 pancreatic duct*呼吸系统 respiratory system 外鼻 external nose**喉 larynx甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage 环状软骨 cricoid cartilage杓状软骨 arytenoid cartilage 弹性圆锥 conus elasticus喉肌 laryngeal muscles会厌 epiglottis会厌软骨 epiglottic cartilage 喉腔 laryngeal cavity声门 glottis**声带 vocal fold**气管 trachea**支气管 bronchus**肺lung*肺门 hilum of lung*支气管肺段 bronchopulmonary segment **胸腔 thoracic cavity**胸膜 pleura**纵隔 mediastinum(三)泌尿生殖系统 urogenital system*泌尿生殖系统 urogenital system**泌尿系统 urinary system**肾 kidney*肾盂 renal pelvis肾盏 renal calices肾窦 renal sinus**输尿管 ureter**膀胱 urinary bladder*膀胱三角 trigone of bladder**尿道 urethra**男性生殖器 male genital organs**睾丸 testis白膜 tunica albuginea**附睾 epididymis输精管 ductus deferens**输精管壶腹 ampulla of ductus deferens *射精管 ejaculatory duct*精索 spermatic cord睾丸鞘膜 sheath of testicle精囊 seminal vesicle**前列腺 prostate**阴茎 penis阴茎头 glans of penis阴茎包皮 prepuce尿道外口 external urethral orifice *阴囊 scrotum**女性生殖器 female genital organs **卵巢 ovary**输卵管 uterine tube输卵管伞 fimbriae of uterine tube **子宫 uterus子宫峡 isthmus of uterus子宫颈 cervix of uterus子宫口 ostium of uterus子宫阔韧带 broad ligament of uterus **阴道 vagina处女膜 hymen阴道穹 fornix of vagina大阴唇 labia majora阴道口 vaginal orifice阴蒂 clitoris**乳房 mamma, breast**乳腺 mammary gland*会阴 perineum**坐骨肛门窝 ischioanal fossa(四)腹膜peritoneum**腹膜 peritoneum*腹膜腔 peritoneal cavity*壁腹膜 parietal peritoneum*脏腹膜 visceral peritoneum**网膜 omentum*大网膜 greater omentum网膜囊 omental bursa网膜孔 omental foramen*肝胃韧带 hepatogastric ligament*肝十二指肠韧带 hepatoduodenal ligament 肝镰状韧带 falciform ligament of liver 肝冠状韧带 coronary ligament of liver *胃脾韧带 gastrosplenic ligament*脾肾韧带 splenorenal ligament**肠系膜 mesentery结肠系膜 mesocolon阑尾系膜 mesoappendix胃结肠韧带 gastrocolic ligament 回盲襞 ileocaecal fold肝肾隐窝 hepatorenal recess**直肠子宫陷凹 rectouterine pouch *膀胱子宫陷凹 vesicouterine pouch *直肠膀胱陷凹 rectovesical pouch脉管系统 vascular system**脉管系统 vascular system**脉管学 angiology心血管系cardiovascular system**心血管系 cardiovascular system**心 heart**动脉 artery**静脉 vein**毛细血管 capillary吻合 anastomosis心底 cardiac base心尖 cardiac apex*冠状窦 coronary sinus**右心房 right atrium右心耳 right auricle**右心室 right ventricle右房室口 right atrioventricular orifice **三尖瓣 tricuspid valve**左心房 left atrium左心耳 left auricle**左心室 left ventricle**二尖瓣 mitral valve肉柱 trabeculae carneae乳头肌 papillary muscles肌腱 tendinous cords卵圆窝 oval fossa*室上嵴 supraventricular crest 动脉圆锥 conus arteriosus**肺动脉瓣 pulmonary valve**主动脉瓣 aortic valve心内膜 endocardium心肌层 myocardium心外膜 epicardium*房间隔 interatrial septum*室间隔 interventricular septum**窦房结 sinuatrial node*房室结 atrioventricular node*房室束 atrioventricular bundle右束支 right bundle branch左束支 left bundle branch**心包 pericardium*肺动脉干 pulmonary trunk*动脉韧带 arterial ligament**主动脉 aorta*升主动脉 ascending aorta**冠状动脉coronary arteries**主动脉弓 aortic arch头臂干 brachiocephalic trunk**颈总动脉 common carotid artery颈动脉小球 carotid glomus颈动脉窦 carotid sinus**颈外动脉 external carotid artery*甲状颈干 thyrocervical trunk*甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery 舌动脉 lingual artery面动脉 facial artery*颞浅动脉 superficial temporal artery 上颌动脉 maxillary artery**颈内动脉 internal carotid artery**锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery胸廓内动脉 internal thoracic artery 腋动脉 axillary artery*肱动脉 brachial artery*桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉 ulnar artery掌浅弓 superficial palmar arch*降主动脉 descending aorta*胸主动脉 thoracic aorta**腹主动脉 abdominal aorta**腹腔干 coeliac trunk**胃左动脉 left gastric artery**肝总动脉 common hepatic artery**脾动脉 splenic artery**肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery **肠系膜下动脉 inferior mensenteric artery *肾动脉 renal artery*睾丸动脉 testicular artery*卵巢动脉 ovarian artery**髂总动脉 common iliac artery**髂内动脉 internal iliac artery臀上动脉 superior gluteal artery臀下动脉 inferior gluteal artery闭孔动脉 obturator artery*阴部内动脉 internal pudendal artery *子宫动脉 uterus artery**髂外动脉 external iliac artery*股动脉 femoral artery股深动脉 profunda femoris artery帼动脉 popliteal artery胫前动脉 anterior tibial artery胫后动脉 posterior tibial artery足背动脉 dorsal pedal artery肺静脉 pulmonary vein**上腔静脉 superior vena cava头臂静脉(无名静脉) brachiocephalic vein, innominate vein 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein翼丛 pterygoid plexus*颈外静脉 external jugular vein锁骨下静脉 subclavian vein静脉角 venous angle肱静脉 brachial vein头静脉 cephalic vein贵要静脉 basilic vein肘正中静脉 median cubital vein*奇静脉 azygos vein半奇静脉 hemiazygos vein椎静脉丛 vertebral venous plexus**下腔静脉 inferior vena cava髂总静脉 common iliac vein髂内静脉 internal iliac vein髂外静脉 external iliac vein*股静脉 femoral vein小隐静脉 small saphenous vein**大隐静脉 great saphenous vein帼静脉 popliteal vein**肝门静脉 portal vein附脐静脉 paraumbilical vein**肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein **脾静脉 splenic vein**肠系膜下静脉 inferior mensenteric vein 直肠静脉丛 rectal venous plexus(二)淋巴系统lymphatic system**淋巴系统 lymphatic system毛细淋巴管 lymphatic capillary淋巴管 lymphatic vessels淋巴干 lymphatic trunks*淋巴导管 lymphatic ducts**淋巴结 lymph nodes**胸导管 thoracic duct乳糜池 cisterna chyli腰干 lumbar trunks肠干 intestinal trunk**右淋巴导管 right lymphatic duct*下颌下淋巴结 submandibular lymph nodes *颈外侧淋巴结 lateral cervical lymph nodes **锁骨上淋巴结 supraclavicular lymph nodes *腋淋巴结 axillary lymph nodes*支气管肺门淋巴结 bronchopulmonary hilar lymph nodes *腰淋巴结 lumbar lymph nodes*腹腔淋巴结 coeliac lymph nodes**肠系膜淋巴结 mesenteric lymph nodes髂总淋巴结 common iliac lymph nodes髂外淋巴结 external iliac lymph nodes髂内淋巴结 internal iliac lymph nodes*腹股沟淋巴结 inguinal lymph nodes**脾 spleen**胸腺 thymus感觉器sensory organs**感觉器 sensory organs视器visual organ。
肌肉群讲解
肌肉群讲解
肌肉群是指一组协同工作的肌肉，它们共同完成特定的动作或维持特定的身体姿势。
人体的肌肉按照解剖位置和功能可分为若干个肌肉群。
以下是一些主要的肌肉群：
1. 上肢肌肉群：
- 胸肌（pectorals）：位于胸部，主要负责推的动作，如卧推、俯卧撑等。
- 背肌（back muscles）：包括背阔肌、菱形肌、竖脊肌等，负责拉的动作，如划船、硬拉等，同时维持背部姿态和脊柱稳定性。
- 肩部肌肉群（shoulders）：包括三角肌、冈上肌、冈下肌等，负责肩关节的各种运动，如侧平举、前平举等。
- 臂部肌肉群：肱二头肌、肱三头肌、前臂肌群等，分别负责肘关节屈曲、伸展和手腕的旋转、弯曲等动作。
2. 下肢肌肉群：
- 大腿肌肉群：包括股四头肌（quadriceps）、股二头肌（hamstrings）、内收肌群等，分别负责膝关节的伸展、屈曲和大腿内收等动作。
- 小腿肌肉群：主要有腓肠肌（gastrocnemius）、比目鱼肌（soleus）等，负责踝关节的屈曲，即踮脚尖的动作，同时也是站立、行走、跳跃等活动的关键肌肉。
- 髋关节肌肉群：臀大肌、臀中肌、臀小肌等，负责髋关节的伸展、内旋、外旋等动作，以及维持骨盆稳定。
3. 核心肌群：
- 腹肌群：包括腹直肌、腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌等，负责躯干的屈曲、旋转和侧弯，同时配合其他肌肉维持身体稳定和平衡。
- 背部深层肌肉群：如多裂肌、腰方肌等，它们主要负责稳定脊柱，防止受伤。
以上只是对肌肉群的一个简单介绍，实际上，人体肌肉群极其复杂，每个肌肉群都由多块肌肉组成，协同工作以实现复杂的人体运动功能。
大体解剖学英文名词
大体解剖重要名词（英文）绪论垂直轴（vertical axis）；矢状轴（sagittal axis）；冠状轴（coronal axis）；矢状面（sagittal plane）；冠状面（coronal plane）；水平面（horizontal plane）；横切面（transverse plane）；旋前与旋后（pronation/supination）；内翻与外翻（inversion/eversion）；滑膜囊（synovial bursa）；腱鞘（tendinous sheath）；脉管系统（angiologic system）；内脏（viscera）；内分泌系统（endocrine system）；神经纤维（nerve fiber）；神经（nerve）下肢坐骨大孔（greater sciatic foramen）；坐骨小孔（lesser sciatic foramen）；界线（terminal line）；髂胫束（iliotibial tract）；肌腔隙（muscle gap）；血管腔隙（vessel gap）；股管（femoral canal）；股三角（femoral triangle）；收肌管（adductor canal）或Hunter氏管；腘窝（popliteal fossa）；踝管（malleolar canal）。
上肢解剖颈（anatomical neck）与外科颈（surgical neck）；喙肩弓（coracoacromial arch）；腋窝（axillary fossa）；乳房悬韧带（suspensory ligament of mamma）或Cooper韧带；锁胸筋膜（clavipectoral fascia）；三边隙（triangular space）；四边隙（quadrangular space）；臂丛（brachial plexus）；肌腱袖；鼻烟窝；肘窝（cubital fossa）；掌腱膜（palmar aponeurosis）；腕管（carpal canal）；掌浅弓（superficial palmar arch）；掌深弓（deep palmar arch）。
人体解剖学中英名词对照表
人体解剖学英汉名词对照表注：用星号（*）标注的名词为最常用的词汇，必须熟记掌握。
一、总论（一）解剖学分类(Classification of Anatomy)anatomy 解剖学human anatomy, anthropotomy 人类解剖学systematic anatomy 系统解剖学regional (topographic) anatomy, topology 局部解剖学gross (macroscopic) anatomy 大体解剖学，巨视解剖学microscopic anatomy 显微解剖学macro-microscopic anatomy 巨-微解剖学sectional anatomy 断面解剖学pathological (morbid) anatomy 病理解剖学neuroanatomy 神经解剖学chemical neuroanatomy 化学解剖学developmental anatomy 发生(或发育)histologic anatomy 组织解剖学histology 组织学embryology 胚胎学anthropology 人类学（二）一般解剖学术语(General Anatomical Terms) dissection，dissect (v.) 解剖，解剖标本normality，normal (a.) 正常abnormality , abnormal 异常variation 变异deformity, malformation 畸形specimen 标本model 模型（三）方位术语(Positional Terms)1. anatomical position 解剖学姿势2. 方位术语(terms of direction)superior, upper 上inferior, lower 下anterior 前侧posterior 后侧ventral (dorsal) 腹(背)侧medial (lateral) 内(外)侧intermediate 中间internal, interior, inner, inside 内external, exterior, outer, outside 外superficial 浅deep, profound 深proximal (distal) 近(远)侧ulnar (radial) 尺(桡)侧tibial (fibular) 胫(腓)侧palmar 掌侧plantar 足底left 左right 右middle 中median 正中3. 轴和面(Axes and Planes)axis (pl. axes),axial (a.) 轴vertical (perpendicular) axis, longitudinalaxis 垂直轴, 纵轴coronal (frontal) axis 冠(额)状轴sagittal axis 矢状轴plane (平)面horizontal (transverse) plane 水平面,横平面coronal (frontal) plane 冠(额)状面sagittal plane 矢状面median sagittal plane 正中矢状面transverse section 横切面longitudinal section 纵切面（四）人体的分部和分区(Toponym and Zonation of the Human body) 1. 头(Head)head头(的)Skull，craniun，cranial (a.) 颅front, frontal, region 额区perietal region 顶区occiput, occipital region 枕区Face, facial (a.) 面orbit, orbital region 眶区nose, nasal region 鼻区mouth, oral region 口区chin, mental region 颌区ear, auditory region 耳区2. 颈(Neck)neck, collum, cervical & jugular (a.) 颈anterior region of neck, anterior of neck 颈前区carotid triangle 颈动脉三角muscular triangle 肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌气管三角sternocleidomastoid region 胸锁乳突肌区supraclavicular triangle 锁骨上三角posterior region of neck, nuchal region 颈后区,项区nape, nucha, nuchal (a.) 项root of neck 颈根部3. 躯干(Trunk)trunk, truncus 躯干Median anterior line 前正中线sternal line 胸骨线parasternal line 胸骨旁线midclavicular line 锁骨中线anterior (posterior) axillary line 腋前(后) 线midaxillary line 腋中线scapular line 肩胛线median posterior line 后正中线Back, dorsal 背vertebral region 脊柱区sacral region 骶区scapular region 肩胛下区lumbar region 腰Chest, thorax, thoracic (a.) 胸sternal region 胸骨(前)区infraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝Abdomen, abdominal (a.) 腹Hypochondriac 季肋区epigastric region 腹上区lateral region of abdomem 腹外侧区umbilical region 脐区inguinal region, iliac region, 腹股沟区，髂区inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角，海氏三角pubic region, hypogastric region 耻区，腹下区Pelvis,pelvic(a. ) 盆部Perineum,perineal (a.) 会阴anal region 肛区urogenital region 尿生殖区4. 四肢(Limbs)limbs, extremities 四肢Upper limbs (extremities) 上肢Shoulder 肩axilla, axillary region 腋区Free upper limb 自由上肢arm,brachial (a.) 臂anterior (posterior ) brachial region 臂前(后)区elbow, cubital, (a.) 肘forearm, antebrachial (a.) 前臂anterior (posterior ) antebrachial region 前臂前(后)区hand, manual (a.) 手wrist, carpal (a.) 腕palm, palmar, metacarpal (a.) 掌back (palm) of hand 手背(掌)finger, digital (a.) 手指thumb 拇指index finger 示指middle finger 中指ring finger 环指little finger 小指Lower limb 下肢hip, coxal (a.) 髋buttock, gluteal region 臀区Free lower limb 自由下肢anterior (posterior) region of thigh 股前(后)区femoral triangle 股三角medial region of thigh 股内侧区knee, geniculate (a.) 膝anterior (posterior) region of knee 膝前(后)区leg, crural (a.) 小腿anterior (posterior) crural region 小腿前(后)区foot, pedal (a.) 足dorsum of foot 足背sole, planta (pl. plantae) 足底toes 足趾great toe 足母趾二、各章解剖学词汇* (一) 运动系统(Locomotor System) 1．骨学(Osteology )（1）概述osteology 骨学* bone，bony 骨skeleton，skletal (a.) 骨骼long (short，flat) bone 长(短，扁)骨irregular bone 不规则骨pneumatic bone 含气骨sesamoid bone 籽骨，shaft，diaphysis 骨干，骨体bony(osseous)substance 骨质compact(spongy)bone 骨密(松)质trabeculae 骨小梁periosteum (外)膜endosteum 骨内膜medullary 髓腔red(yellow)bone marrow 红(黄)骨髓（2）中轴骨骼(Axial Skeleton)躯干骨(Bones of Trunk)* Vertebral(spinel)column 脊柱* vertebral canal 椎管intervertebral foramen 椎间孔cervical (thoracic, lumbar, sacral) curvature 颈(胸，腰，骶)曲vertebra ( pl. vertebrae) 椎骨vertebral body (arch) 椎体(弓)pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板vertebral foramen 椎孔spinous process 棘突transverse process 横突superior (inferior) articular process 上(下) 关节突cervical vertebrae 颈椎atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎prominent vertebrae 隆椎thoracic vertebrae胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎sacrum,sacral bone 骶骨coccyx 尾骨thoracic cavity 胸腔superior (inferior) aperture of thorax 胸廓上下口costal arch 肋弓intercostals space 肋间隙infrasternal angle 胸骨下角* ribs ,costa(costae) 肋* sternum 胸骨Sternal manubrium 胸骨柄Sternal angle (body) 胸骨角(体)Xiphoid process 剑突颅骨(skull)cerebral cranium 脑颅cranial cavity颅腔calvaria 颅盖pterion 翼点jugular foramen颈静脉孔internal surface of base of skull 颅底内面anterior (middle,posterior) cranial fossa 颅前中，后)窝facial cranium 面颅orbit 眶bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔piriform aperture,anterior nasal aperture 梨状孔，鼻前孔posterior nasal aperture鼻后孔bony septum of nose 骨鼻中隔superior (middle, inferior) meatus of nose 上(中,下)鼻道temporal fossa 颞窝zugomatic arch 颧弓infratemporal fossa 颞下窝pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝cranial fontaelles 颅囟anterior (posterior) fontanelle 前(后)囟anterolateral (posterolateral) fontanelle 前(后)外侧囟cranial bones 脑颅骨occipital bone 枕骨large foramen of occipital bone 枕骨大孔external occipital protuberance枕外隆凸superior (inferior) nuchal line 上(下)项线sulcus for transverse sinus, transversesulcus 横窦沟sphenoid bone 蝶骨hypophyseal fossa 垂体窝optic canal 视神经管round (oval,spinous)foramen 圆(卵圆，棘) 孔temporal bone 颞骨petrous part 岩部mastoid process 乳突carotid canal 颈动脉管tympanic tegmen 鼓室盖arcuate eminence 弓状隆起trigeminal impression 三叉神经压迹internal acoustic pore (port) 内耳门internal acoustic meatus (canal) 内耳道jugular fossa 颈静脉窝styloid process 茎突stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔facial canal 面神经管external acoustic pore (canal ) 外耳门(道) parietal,parietal bone 顶骨parietal tuber (foramen) 顶结节(孔)frontal bone 额骨frontal squama (tuber) 额鳞(结节) superciliary arch 眉弓supraorbital notch (foramen) 眶上切迹fossa for lacrimal gland 泪腺窝ethmoid bone 筛骨cribriform plate (foramen) 筛板(孔)facial bones 面颅骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲lacrimal bone 泪骨nasal bone鼻骨vomer梨骨* maxilla上颌骨palatine bone 腭骨zygomatic bone 颧骨* mandible 下颌骨ramous(angle) of mandible 下颌支(角) masseteric tuberosity 咬肌粗隆coronoid process 冠突condylar process 髁突hyoid bone 舌骨（3）附肢骨骼(Appendicular skeleton) shoulder girdle 上肢带骨，肩带骨scapula 肩胛骨acromion 肩峰superior(medial,lateral)border 上(下，外侧) 缘coracoid process 喙突superior (inferior, lateral) angle上(下，外侧) 角glenoid cavity 关节盂* clavicle 锁骨bones of free upper limb 自由上肢骨* Humerus 肱骨head of humerus 肱骨头anatomical(surgical)neck 解剖(外科)颈greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节crest of greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节嵴sulcus (groove)for radial n. 桡神经沟deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车olecranon (coronoid, radial) fossa 鹰嘴(冠突，桡) 窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内(外)上髁sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神经沟* radius 桡骨head (neck) of radius 桡骨头(颈)articular circumference 环状关节面radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆interosseous border 骨间缘styloid process 茎突ulnal notch 尺切迹carpal articular surface 腕关节面* uana 尺骨olecranon 鹰嘴coronoid process 冠突ulnal tuberosity 尺骨粗隆trochleal(radial)notch 滑车(桡)切迹head of ulna 尺骨头bones of hand 手骨carpal bones 腕骨scaphoid bone 手舟骨lunate bone 月骨triangular bone 三角骨pisiform bone 豌豆骨trapezium bone 大多角骨trapezoid bone 小多角骨capitate bone 头状骨hamate bone 钩骨hamulus (hook) of hamate bone钩骨钩Metacarpal bones 掌骨phalanges(bones) of fingers 指骨proximal (middle, distal) phalanx 近(中，远) 指(或趾)骨下肢骨(Bones of lower limb)pelvic girdle 下肢带骨，盆带骨* hip bone 髋骨acetabulum 髋臼acetabular fossa (notch) 髋臼窝(切迹)obturator foramen 闭孔* Ilium 髂骨body (ala) of ilium 髂骨体(翼)arcuate line 弓状线iliac crest 髂嵴Tubercle 髂结节Anterior superior (inferior) iliac spine 髂前上(下) 棘Posterior superior (inferior) iliac spine髂后上(下)棘Iliac fossa 髂窝Auricular surface 耳状面Iliac tuberosity 髂粗隆* Ischium 坐骨Greater (lesser) sciatic notch 坐骨大(小)切迹* Pubis 耻骨Symphsial surface 耻骨联合面superior (inferior) ramus of pubis 耻骨上下支ililopubic eminence 髂耻隆起pecten of pubis 耻骨梳bones of free lower limb 自由下肢骨* femur 股骨fovea of femoral head 股骨头凹head (neck) of femur 股骨头(颈)greater (lesser) trochanter 大小转子intertrochanteric line 转子间线intertrochanteric crest 转子间嵴linea aspera,rough line of femur 粗线pectineal line 耻骨肌线gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆popliteal surface腘面medial (lateral) condyle 内(外)侧髁adductor tubercle 收肌结节intercondylar fossa 髁间窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内外上髁patella 髌骨* tibia 胫骨intercondylar eminence 髁间隆起shaft (tuberosity) of tibia 胫骨体粗隆soleal line 比目鱼肌线medial (lateral) malleolus 内外髁Fibula,perone 腓骨bones of foot 足骨tarsal bones 跗骨talus 距骨calcaneus 跟骨navicular bone 足舟骨medial cuneiform bone内侧楔骨lateral cuneiform bone 中间楔骨intermediate cuneiform bone 内侧楔骨cuboid bone 骰骨metatarsal bones 跖骨phalanges (bones) of toes 趾骨2．关节学(arthrology)（1）概述synosteology 关节学，关节解剖学articulation 连结，关节joint 关节，连结synovial joints 滑膜关节fibrous 纤维连结syndesmosis 韧带连结suture 缝cartilaginous joints 软骨连结synchondrosis (pl. synchondroses) (透明软骨) 结合symphysis (pl.symphyses)(纤维软骨)联合synostosis (pl. synostoses synosteosis) 骨性结合articular surface (cavity) 关节面(腔)articular disk 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇articular capsule 关节囊fibrous layer (membrane) 纤维层，纤维膜synovial layer (membrane) 滑膜层，滑膜synovial fold (villi) 滑膜襞synovial fluid 滑液ligament (lig.) 韧带extracapsular lig. 囊外韧带intracapsular lig. 囊内韧带Action 动作，作用flexion,flexor (m.),flex (v.) 屈extension,extensor (m.), extense (v.) 伸adduction,addutor (m.), adduct (v.) 收abduction,abdutor (m.), abduct (v.) 展Medial (lateral) rotation 旋内(外)pronation,pronator (m.), pronate (v.) 旋前supination, supinator(m.), supinate(v.) 旋后circumduction 环转运动（2）中轴骨骼的连结(Joints of the Axial Skeleton) vertebral joints 椎骨连结yellow lig. 黄韧带ionterspinous lig. 棘间韧带intertransverse lig. 横突间韧带supraspinous lig. 棘上韧带Intervertebral symphysis 椎间联合interverbral discs 椎间盘Fibrous rings 纤维环Pulpiform nucleus 髓核Anterior longitudinal 前纵韧带Posterior longitudinal 前后韧带Zygapophysial joint 关节突关节Lumbosacral joint 腰骶连结Costovertebral joints 肋椎关节Joint of costal head 肋头关节Costotransverse joint 肋横突关节Sternocostal joints 胸肋关节Cranial suture 颅缝Coronal (sagittal) suture 冠矢状缝Lambdoid suture 人字缝Synchondroses of cranium 颅结合Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节（3）附肢骨骼的连结(Joints of the Appendicular Skeleton) joints of shoulder girdle 上肢带连结coracoacromial lig. 喙间韧带Coracoclavicular lig. 喙锁韧带Acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节Sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节Joints of free upper limb 自由上肢连结Shoulder joint 肩关节Elbow joint 肘关节Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节Humeroradial joint 肱桡关节Joints of hand 手关节Radiocarpal joint ,wrist joint 桡腕关节，腕关节Intercarpal joints 腕骨间关节Carpometacarpal joints 腕掌关节Carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节Intermetacarpal joints掌骨间关节Metacarpophalangeal joints 掌指关节Interphalangeal joints of hand 指骨间关节Joints of pelvic girdle 下肢带连结Pubic symphysis 耻骨联合Interpubic disc 耻骨间盘Obturator membrane 闭孔膜Sacroiliac joints 骶髂关节Sacrotuberous lig. 骶结节韧带Greater (lesser) sciatic foramen 坐骨大(小)孔Pelvis 骨盆Terminal line 界线Greater (lesser) pelvis 大小骨盆Superior (posterior) pelvic aperture 骨盆上下口Pubic arch 耻骨弓Subpubic angle 耻骨下角Pelvic cavity 骨盆腔Joints of free lower limb 自由下肢连结Hip joint 髋关节Transverse acetabular lig. 髋臼横韧带Ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带Knee joint 膝关节Medial (lateral) meniscus 内外侧半月板Transverse lig.of knee 膝横韧带Anterior cruciate lig. 前交叉韧带Posterior cruciate lig. 后交叉韧带Fibular (tibial) collateral lig. 腓(胫)侧副韧带Ligament of patella 髌韧带Tibiofibular joint 胫腓关节Tibiofibular syndesmosis 胫腓连结Crural interosseous membrane 小腿骨间膜Joints of foot 足关节talocrural joint, ankle joint 距小腿关节，踝关节intertarsal joints 跗骨间关节subtalar joint, talocalcaneal joint 距下关节，距跟关节transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节intermetatarsal joints 跖骨间关节metatarsophalangeal joint 跖趾关节interphalangeal joints of foot 跖骨间关节arch of foot, tarsometatarsal arch 足弓，跗跖弓medial (lateral) longitudinal arch 内(外) 侧纵弓transverse arch 横弓3. 肌学(myology)（1）概述muscle (m.) 肌肉cardiac muscle 心肌smooth muscle 平滑肌skeletal muscle 骨骼肌long (short, broad, flat) muscle 长(短，阔，扁) 肌orbicular muscle 轮匝肌sphincter 括约肌dilator, dilatator 开大肌venter (belly) 肌腹tendon 腱aponeurosis 腱膜origin 起点，固定点insertion 止点，动点accessory (subservient) structure 辅助结构tendinous sheath 腱鞘synovial sheath of tendon 滑膜腱鞘fascia 筋膜superficial (deep) fascia 浅(深)筋膜synovial bursa 滑膜囊subcutaneous tissue (fat) 皮下组织(脂肪)（2）躯干肌(Muscles of Trunk)muscles of back 背肌trapezius m. 斜方肌broadest m. of back 背阔肌erector spinal m. 竖脊肌muscles of neck 颈肌platysma m. 颈阔肌sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌anterior (middle, posterior) scalene m. 前中后斜角肌scalene fissure 斜角肌suprahyoid muscles 舌骨上肌群infrahyoid muscles 舌骨下肌群thoracic m. 胸肌greater (lesser) pectoral m. 胸大(小)肌anterior serratus m. 前锯肌thoracic proper m. 胸固有肌external intercostal m. 肋间外肌internal intercostal m. 肋间内肌external (internal) intercostals membrane 肋间外(内)膜transverse m. of thorax 胸横肌intimate intercostal m. 肋间最内肌* diaphragm 膈central tendon 中心腱aortic hiatus 主动脉裂孔esophageal hiatus 食管裂孔hiatus of vena cave 腔静裂孔abdominal m. 腹肌abdominal rectus m., straight m. of abdomen 腹直肌sheath of rectus m. 腹直肌鞘external (internal) oblique m. of abdomen 腹外(内) 斜肌inguinal lig. 腹股沟韧带superficial (deep) inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环transverse m. of abdomen 腹横肌inguinal canal 腹股沟管（2）头肌(Muscles of Head)Facial m. 面肌epicranial m. 颅顶肌occipitofrontal m. 枕额肌frontal(occipital)belly 额(枕)腹epicranial aponeurosis,galea aponeurotica 帽状腱膜orbicuaal m. of eye 眼轮匝肌orbicular m. of mouth 口轮匝肌buccinator,buccinator m.颊肌masticatory m.咀嚼肌masseter m.咬肌（3）上肢肌(Muscles of Upper Limb)muscles of shoulder girdle上肢带肌,肩带肌deltoid m.三角肌muscles of arm 臂肌brachial biceps (triceps) m. 肱二(三)头肌anconeus m. 肘肌round pronator m.旋前圆肌radial (ulnar)flexor m. of wrist 桡(尺)侧腕屈肌long palmar m.掌长肌superficial (deep)fleaor m. of fingers 指浅(深)屈肌long flexor m, of thumb 拇长屈肌quadrate pronator m. brachioradialis 旋前方肌brachioradial m., brachioradialis 肱桡肌long (short)radial extensor carpal m. 桡侧腕长(短)伸肌extensor m. of fingers指伸肌extensor m. of lesser finger 小指伸肌ulnar extensor m. of wrist尺侧腕伸肌supinator m. 旋后肌long abductor (extensor) m. of thumb拇长展(伸)肌short extensor m. of thumb 拇短伸肌extensor m. of index finger 示指伸肌muscles of hand 手肌short abductor (flexor ) m. of thumb 拇短展(屈)肌opposing m. of thumb拇对掌肌abductor (opposing) m. of little finger小指展(对掌)肌lumbrrical m. 蚓状肌palmar (dorsal)interosseous m.骨间掌(背) 侧肌（4）下肢肌(muscles of lower limb)muscles of hip髋肌iliopsoas m.髂腰肌iliac m.髂肌greater psoas m.腰大肌greatest (middle, least) gluteal m.臀大(中，小)肌tensor m. of broad fascia阔筋膜张肌pririform m.梨状肌internal obturator m.闭孔内肌external obturator m.闭孔外肌quadrate m. of thigh股方肌muscles of thigh 大腿肌sartorius m. 缝匠肌quadriceps m. lf thigh股四头肌pectineal m. 耻骨肌slender m. gracile m股薄肌.long(short)adductor m.长短收肌great adductor m.大收肌biceps m. of thigh股二头肌semiterninous m. 半腱肌semimembranous m.半膜肌muscles of leg 小腿肌anterior (posterior)tibial m.胫骨前后肌long extensor m. of digits趾长伸肌long estensor m. lf great toe拇长伸肌long (short)peroneal 腓骨长短肌triceps m. of calf 小腿三头肌gastrocnemius m.腓肠肌soleus m.比目鱼肌tendon of heel跟腱long flexor m. of toe趾长伸肌long flexor m. of great toe 拇长屈肌muscles of foot 足肌broad fascia 阔筋膜iliotibial tract 髂筋束adductor tendinous opening, adductor hiatus 收肌腱裂孔adductor canal 收肌管muscular lacuna 肌腔隙iliopectineal arch 髂耻弓vascular lacuna 血管腔隙femoral triangle(sheath) 股三角(鞘)femoral canal(ring) 股管(环)saphenous hiatus, oral fossa 隐静脉裂孔，卵圆窝malleolar canal 踝管二、内脏学(Splanchnology)* （一）消化系统(Digestive System)digestive system ，alimentary system 消化系统internal organ ，splanchna ，viscera 内脏splanchnology 内脏学digestive apparatus 消化器digestive canal 消化管1. 上消化道Superior Digestive TractMouth 口Oral cavity ，mouth cavity 口腔Hard (soft) palate 硬(软)腭Gum 牙龈Sublingual caruncle 舌下阜Sublingual fold 舌下襞Papilla of parotid duct 腮腺管乳头Oral glands 口腔腺Major salivary glands 大唾液腺Sublingual gland舌下腺Major(minor)sublingual duct 舌下腺大(小)管Submandibular gland下颌下腺Submandibular duct下颌下腺管* Parotid gland 腮腺Parotid duct 腮腺管Tooth牙Incisor teeth incisor切牙Lateral (second) incisor侧切牙Canine teeth 尖牙Premolor teeth 前磨牙molor teeth磨牙* tongue, lingua 舌apex (dorsoum，root，body) of tongue 舌尖(背，根，体) lingual mucous membrane 舌黏膜frenulum of tongue 舌系带papillae of tongue,lingual papillae舌乳头filiformpapillae 丝状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头vallate papillae 轮廓乳头foliate papillae叶状乳头terminal sulcus 界沟foramen cecum of tongue 舌盲孔muscles of tongue 舌肌genioglossus m 颏舌肌* pharynx咽isthmus of fauces, fauces咽峡palatine velum腭帆palatine uvula,uvula腭垂，悬雍垂palatoglossal arch腭舌弓palatopharyngeal arch腭咽弓palatine tonsil腭扁桃体tonsillar fossa扁桃体窝cavity (fornix) of pharynx 咽腔nasopharynx鼻咽eustachian cushion, tubal torus咽鼓管圆枕tonsillar ring扁桃体环pharyngeal recess咽隐窝oropharynx口咽laryngopharynx喉咽piriform recess梨状隐窝* esophagus 食管，食道cervical (thoracic, abdominal) part ofesophagus 食管颈(胸，腹)部* stomach胃greater curvature of stomach胃大弯lesser curvature of stomach胃小弯angular (gastric) notch角切迹cardia, cardiac orifice贲门cardiac part 贲门部fundus (body) of stomach 胃底cardiac notch (incisure) 贲门切迹pylorus,pyloric orifice幽门pyloric part (canal, antrum) 幽门部(管，窦)* small intestine小肠solitary lymphatic follicles孤立淋巴滤泡aggregated lymphatic follicles集合淋巴滤泡* duodenum十二指肠ampulla,duodenal bulb十二指肠球major(minor)duodenal papilla十二指肠大(小)乳头duodinojejunal flexure十二指肠空肠曲suspensory m.of duodenum十二指肠悬肌2. 下消化道(Inferior Digestive Tract)* jejunum 空肠* ileum回肠* large intestine大肠c(a)ecum盲肠ileocecal valve(orifice)回盲(瓣)口* vermix,vermiform appendix阑尾* colon结肠ascending (transverse, descending) colon升(横，降)结肠right colic flexure,hepatic flexure 结肠右曲，肝曲left colic flexure,splenic flexure 结肠左曲，脾曲sigmoid colon乙状结肠haustra of colon结肠袋colic lig结肠带epiploic appendices肠脂垂* rectum直肠sacral(perineal)flexure骶(会阴)曲anal canal(column,sinus,valves肛管(柱，窦，瓣) anorectal line肛直肠线dentate line,anocutaneous line齿状线，肛皮线anal pecten,hemorrhoidal ring肛梳anus肛门internal sphincter m. of anus肛门内括约肌3. 消化腺(Digestive Glands)* liver肝diaphragmatic surface膈面visceral surface脏面sulcus for vena cava腔静脉沟fossa for gallbladder胆囊窝round lig.of liver肝圆韧带venous lig. (duct) 静脉韧带door of liver肝门hepatic pedicle肝蒂left (right) lobe左(右)叶quadrate (caudate) lobe方(尾状)叶bile duct胆管extrahepatic duct肝外胆道common hepatic duct肝总管left (right) hepatic duct肝左右管* gallbladder胆囊fundus (body,neck) of gallbladder胆囊底(体，颈) cystic duct胆囊管common bile duct胆总管hepatopancreatic ampulla肝胰壶腹sphincter m.of hepatopancreatic ampulla肝胰壶腹括约肌* pancreas胰uncinate process钩突head(body,tail)of pancreas胰头(体，尾)pancreatic duct胰管accessary pancreatic duct副胰管（二）* 呼吸系统(Respiratory System)respiratory apparatus(organ) 呼吸器superior (inferior) respiratory tract 上(下) 呼吸道nose 鼻external nose 外鼻root (back,apex,wing )of nose鼻根(背，尖，翼) nasolabial groove鼻唇沟nasal cartilage鼻软骨naris (pl.nares )鼻孔posterior nasal apertures, choanae鼻后孔nasal septum鼻中隔nasal vestibule鼻前庭proper nasal cavity固有鼻腔sphenoethmoidal recess蝶筛隐窝superior (middle, inferior )meatus of nose上(中，下)鼻道* paranasal sinuses鼻旁窦maxillary sinus上颌窦sphenoidal (frontal, ethmoidal)sinus蝶(额，筛)窦* larynx喉laryngeal cartilages喉软骨thyroid cartilage甲状软骨cricoid cartilage环状软骨arytenoid cartilage勺状软骨epiglottic cartilage会厌软骨laryngeal m.喉肌cricothyroid m.环甲肌laryngeal cavity喉腔laryngeal aperture喉口epiglottis会厌vestibule of larynx喉前庭vestibular fold (slit ) 前庭襞(裂)intermediate cavity of larynx喉中间腔ventricle of larynx喉室glottis声门slit of glottis声门裂vocal fold 声带，声襞infraglottic cavity声门下腔elastic cone弹性圆锥cricothyroid membrane环甲膜vocal lig.声韧带* trachea气管cervial (thoracic )part颈(胸)部tracheal cartilages气管软骨bifurcation of trachea气管杈carina of trachea气管隆嵴bronchus (pl.bronchi )支气管left (right ) principal bronchus左(右)主支气管lobar bronchi肺叶支气管segmental bronchi肺段支气管* lung 肺apex (base) of lung肺尖(底)costal (medial, diaphragmatic) surface肋(内侧，膈)面cardiac notch of left lung 左肺心切迹lingula of left lung左肺小舌hilus (root)of lung 肺根(门)oblique fissure斜裂horizontal dissure of right lung 右肺水平裂bronchopulmonary sehments支气管肺段superior (middle, inferior)lobe上(中,下)叶thoracic (pleural)cavity胸(胸膜)腔pleura胸膜cupula of pleura,cervical pleura胸膜顶visceral (parietal)pleura脏(壁)胸膜mediastinal (costal,diaphragmatic)pleura 纵隔(肋，膈)胸膜pleural recesses胸膜隐窝costomediastinal recess肋纵隔隐窝Mediastinum纵隔Superior (inferior)mediastinum上(下)纵隔Anterior (middle,posterior)mediastinum前(中，后)纵隔（三）* 泌尿系统(Urinary System)urogenital system泌尿生殖系统urinary organs泌尿器* kidney肾renal hilus (sinus，pedicle)肾门(窦，蒂)renal fascia肾筋膜fatly (adipose) capsule脂肪囊fibrous capsule纤维囊renal cortex (medulla)肾皮(髓)质renal pyramid肾锥体renal papilla 肾乳头papillary foramen乳头孔renal columns (pelvis)肾柱(盂)renal calices肾盏major (minor) renal calices肾大(小)盏* ureter输尿管* bladder，urinary bladder膀胱apex(body，fundus，neck)of bladder膀胱尖(体，底，颈) trigone of bladder，vesical trigone膀胱三角interureteric ridge输尿管间襞orifice of ureter输尿管口internal urethral orifice尿道内口female urethra女尿道（四）* 生殖系统(Reproductive System) reproductive system，genital system生殖系统male(female)genital organs男女性生殖器internal(external)genital organs内(外)生殖器1. 男性生殖器(Male Genital Organs)testicle，testis睾丸* epididymis附睾deferential (spermatic)duct输精管ejaculatory duct射精管seminal vesicle精囊精囊腺spermatic cord精索cremasteric m. 提睾肌prostate前列腺apex (base，body, sulcus) of prostate前列腺尖(底，体，沟) bulbourethral gland尿道球腺penis 阴茎prepuce of penis阴茎包皮bulb of urethra尿道球male urethra男尿道prostatic part前列腺部seminal colliculus精阜membranous part膜部subpubic curvature耻骨下弯prepubic curvature耻骨前弯scrotum阴囊dartos coat，dartos肉膜2. 女性生殖器(female Genital Organs)* ovary卵巢* uterine tube，oviduct输卵管* Womb, uterus 子宫Fundus of uterus 子宫底(体)Isthmrs of uterus 子宫峡(角)Neck of uterus, cervix子宫颈Orifice (cavity) of uterus 子宫口(腔)Canal of cervix of uterus 子宫颈管Round (broad ) lig. Of uterus 子宫圆(阔)韧带Cardinal lig. Of uterus 子宫主韧带Sacroluterine lig. 骶子宫韧带Vagina 阴道Female pudendum, vulva 女阴Mons pubis 阴阜Greater (lesser ) lip of pudendum 大(小)阴唇Vaginal vestibule 阴道前庭Vaginal orifice阴道口3. 乳房，会阴(Mamma and perineum)Mamma(pl.mammae). breast乳头Mammary gland 乳腺Perineum 会阴Pelvic diaphragm盆膈Urogenital diaphragm 尿生殖膈Sphincter m. of urethra尿道括约肌（五）腹膜(Peritoneum)Parietal(visceral) peritoneum壁(脏)腹膜Abdominal cavity腹腔Peritoneal cavity,greater sac 腹膜腔，大囊Omenta bursa, lesser sac 网膜囊，小囊Omental foramen, epiploic foramen网膜孔Mesentery肠系膜Lesser omentum小网膜Inguinal trigone 腹股沟三角rectouterine pouch 直肠子宫陷凹vesicouterine pouch膀胱子宫陷凹rectovesical pouch 直肠膀胱陷凹四、* 脉管系统(Vascular system)（一）概述vascular system, angiological system 脉管系统angiology 脉管学circulatory system循环系统cardiovascular system心血管系统* heart 心blood血液vessel 管，脉管blood vessel 血管arteriole 小动脉arteriolovenular anastomsis 小静脉vein (v.) 静脉cutaneous v. 皮静脉superficial(deep) v. 浅(深)静脉accompanying v. 伴行动脉venule 小静脉venous valve 静脉瓣venous plexus(rete)静脉丛(网)capillary 毛细管（二）心血管系统(Cardiovascular system) systemic circulation,greater circulation 体循环，大循环pulmonary (lesser) circulation肺循环，小循环fetal circulation 胎血循环1. 心(heart)cardiac apex(bace) 心尖(底)cardiac apical incisure 心尖切迹sternocostal(diaphragmatic) surface 胸肋(膈)面pulmonary surface 肺面right border 右缘left border, obtuse margin 左缘，钝缘inferior border, acute margin 下缘，锐缘anterior (posterior) interventricular groove 前(后)室间沟coronary sulcus 冠状沟atrioventricular junction 房室交点atrioventricular septum 房室膈* cardiac ventricle 心室interventricular septum 室间隔muscular (membranous ) part 肌(膜)部* cardiac atrium 心房left (right) auricle of heart 左(右)心耳interatrial (interauricular) septum 房间膈left(right)atrioventricular orifice左(右)房室口cardiac m. 心肌pectinate m.梳状肌carbeous trabeculae 肉柱papillary m. 乳头肌tendinous cord 腱索fibrous skeleton 纤维支架left fibrous trigone 左纤维三角架right fibrous trigone, central fibrous body 左纤维三角left (right) fibrous ring 左(右)纤维环endocardium 心内膜right atrium 右心房limiting sulcus, terminal groove 界沟terminal crest 界嵴sinus of vena cava 腔静脉窦oval fossa (foramen)卵圆孔border of ovalo fossa卵圆窝缘orifice of superior 上(下)腔静脉口valve of inferior vena cava 下腔静脉瓣orifice(valve)of coronary sinus冠状窦口right ventricle 右心室right atrioventricular valve, tricuspid valve 右房室瓣supraventricular crest室上嵴arterial cone动脉圆锥pulmonary orifice(valve) 肺动脉口(瓣)nodules of semilunar valves半月瓣小节septomarginal trabecula 隔缘肉柱left atrium 左心房orifice of pulmonary v. 肺静脉口left ventricle 左心室left atrioventricular valve, vicuspid valve 左房室瓣，二尖瓣aortic orifice (valve) 主动脉口(瓣)conduction system of heart 心传导系统sinoatrial node 窦房结hinternodal tract 结间束atrioventricular node 房室结atrioventricular bundle 房室束left (right) bundle branch 左(右)束支right coronary a. 右冠状动脉Left coronary a. 左冠状动脉anterior interventricular branch 前室间支circumflex branch , 旋支cardiac v. 心静脉coronary sinus 冠状窦great cardiac v. 心大静脉middle cardiac v. 心中静脉small cardiac v. 心小静脉* pericardium 心包fibrous pericardium 纤维心包serous pericardium 浆膜心包parietal layer 壁层visceral layer , epicardium 脏层，心外膜cavity of pericardium 心包腔2. 动脉(Artery)* pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干bifurcation of pulmonary trunk 肺动脉叉left (right) pulmonary 左(右)肺动脉arterial duct (lig.) 动脉导管(韧带)* aorta 主动脉ascending aorta 升主动脉* brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干* common carotid a. 颈总动脉carotid sinus (bodies) 颈动脉窦(小球) * internal carotid a. 颈内动脉* external carotid a. 颈外动脉superior thyroid 甲状腺上动脉lingual (facial) a. 舌(面)动脉occipital a. 枕动脉posterior auricular a. 耳后动脉superficial temporal a. 颞浅动脉maxillary a. 上颌动脉middle meningeal a. 脑膜中动脉subclavicular a. 锁骨下动脉vertebral a. 椎动脉axillary a. 腋动脉thoracoacromial a. 胸肩峰动脉lateral thoracic a. 胸外侧动脉brachial a. 肱动脉。
解剖学肌群中英名词对照
解剖学肌群中英名词对照三画三角肌Deltoid下孑子肌Gemellus inferior 上孑子肌Gemellus superior 大菱形肌Rhomboid major 大圆肌Teres major 小菱形肌Rhomboid mi nor 小圆肌Teres minor四~五画中斜角肌Scalenus medius 内收大肌Adductor magnus 内收母趾肌Adductor hallucis 内收长肌Adductor Iongus 内收短肌Adductor brevis 内肋间肌Internal intercostal 尺侧伸腕肌Exte nsor carpi uln aris 尺侧屈腕肌Flexor carpi uln aris 比目鱼肌Soleus 半腱肌Semitendinosus 半膜肌Semimembranosus 外肋间肌External intercostal 外展小趾肌Abductor digiti minimi外展肌Abductors 夕卜展母长肌Abductor pollicis longus六~七画多裂肌Multifidus 肌小节Sarcomere 肌原纤维Myofibrils 肌丝Myofilaments 肌腱Tendon 肌浆膜Sarcolemma 肌纤维Muscle fibre 伸小指肌Extensor digiti minimi 伸拇长肌Extensor hallucis longus 伸拇短肌Extensor pollicis brevis伸指肌Extensor digitorum 伸食指肌Exte nsor in dicis 伸趾长肌Extensor digitorum Iongus 肘肌Anconeus八画屈小趾短肌Flexor digiti mi nimi brevis 屈拇长肌Flexor hallucis Iongus 屈拇长肌Flexor pollicis longus 屈拇短肌Flexor hallucis brevis 屈指浅肌Flexor digitorum superficialis 屈指深肌Flexor digitorum profundus 屈趾长肌Flexor digitorum Iongus 屈趾短肌Flexor digitorum brevis 肱二头肌Biceps brachii 肱三头肌Triceps brachii 肱肌Brachialis 肱橈肌Brachioradialis 股二头肌Biceps femoris 股中间肌Vastus intermedius 股内侧肌Vastus medialis 股方肌Quadrates femoris 股四头肌Quadriceps 股外侧肌Vastus lateralis 股直肌Rectus femoris 股薄肌Gracilis 肩胛下肌Subscapularis 肩胛舌骨肌Omohyoideus九“画前三角肌Anterior deltoid 前斜角肌Scalenus anterior 前鋸肌Serratus anterior 后三角肌Posterior deltoid 后斜角肌Scalenus posterior 后頸横突间肌In tertra nsversarii posterior cervicis 背阔肌Latissimus dorsi 耻骨肌Pectineus胸大肌Pectoralis major 胸小肌Pectoralis minor 胸半棘肌Semispinalis thoracis 胸骨甲状肌Sternohyoideus 胸骨舌骨肌Sternohyoideus 胸最长肌Longissimus thoracis 胸棘肌Spinalis thoracis 胸横突间肌In tertra nsversarii 胸鎖乳突肌Sternocleidomastoideus 胸髂肋肌Lliocostalis thoracis十一画斜方肌Trapezius 旋前圆肌Pronator teres旋后肌Supinator 旋转肌Rotatores 梨状肌Piriformis 第三腓骨肌Peroneus tertius 闭孔内肌Obturator internus 闭孔外肌Obturator externus 脛前肌Tibialis anterior 脛后肌Tibialis posterior十二画喙肱肌Coracobrachialis 掌长肌Palmaris Iongus 提肩胛肌Lavator scapulae 棘下肌Infraspinatus 棘上肌Suprasp in atus 棘突间肌Interspinales 腓骨长肌Peroneus longus 腓骨短肌Peroneus brevis 月非肠肌Gastrocnemius 菱形肌Rhomboid十三画腰大肌Psoas major 腰小肌Psoas mi nor腰内横突间肌In tertra nsversarii medialis lumborum 腰方肌Quadrates lumborum腰外横突间肌Intertransversarii lateralis lumborum 腰髂肋肌Lliocostalis lumborum 腹内斜肌Internal abdominal oblique(Internal oblique) 腹外斜肌External abdominal oblique(External oblique) 腹直肌Rectus abdominis 腹斜肌Olbiques 腹横肌Transversus abdominis十四六画对掌拇肌Opponens pollicis 横突间肌Intertransversarii 橈侧伸腕长肌Exte nsor carpi radialis lon gus 橈侧伸腕短肌Exte nsor carpi radialis brevis 橈侧屈腕肌Flexor carpi radialis 頸半棘肌Semipinalis cervicis 頸夹肌Splenius cervicis 頸最长肌Longissimus cervicis 頸棘肌Spinalis cervicis 頸阔肌Platysma 頸髂肋肌Lliocostalis cervicis 头半棘肌Semispinalis capitis 头夹肌Splenius capitis 头最长肌Longissimus capitis 头棘肌Spinalis capitis十七画以上缝匠肌Sartorius臀头肌Gluteus maximus臀小肌Gluteus minimus臀中肌Gluteus medius 阔筋膜张肌Tensor fasciae latae 蹠方肌Quadrates plantae 蹠肌Plantaris髂肌Liliacus髂脛肌Lliotibial band髂腰肌Lliopsoas。
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解剖学肌群中英名词对照
三画
三角肌Deltoid
下孖肌Gemellus inferior
上孖肌Gemellus superior
大菱形肌Rhomboid major
大圆肌Teres major
小菱形肌Rhomboid minor
小圆肌Teres minor
四~五画
中斜角肌Scalenus medius
内收大肌Adductor magnus
内收母趾肌Adductor hallucis
内收长肌Adductor longus
内收短肌Adductor brevis
内肋间肌Internal intercostal
尺侧伸腕肌Extensor carpi ulnaris
尺侧屈腕肌Flexor carpi ulnaris
比目鱼肌Soleus
半腱肌Semitendinosus
半膜肌Semimembranosus
外肋间肌External intercostal
外展小趾肌Abductor digiti minimi
外展肌Abductors
外展母长肌Abductor pollicis longus
六~七画
多裂肌Multifidus
肌小节Sarcomere
肌原纤维Myofibrils
肌丝Myofilaments
肌腱Tendon
肌浆膜Sarcolemma
肌纤维Muscle fibre
伸小指肌Extensor digiti minimi
伸拇长肌Extensor hallucis longus
伸拇短肌Extensor pollicis brevis
伸指肌Extensor digitorum
伸食指肌Extensor indicis
伸趾长肌Extensor digitorum longus
肘肌Anconeus
屈小趾短肌Flexor digiti minimi brevis
屈拇长肌Flexor hallucis longus
屈拇长肌Flexor pollicis longus
屈拇短肌Flexor hallucis brevis
屈指浅肌Flexor digitorum superficialis
屈指深肌Flexor digitorum profundus
屈趾长肌Flexor digitorum longus
屈趾短肌Flexor digitorum brevis
肱二头肌Biceps brachii
肱三头肌Triceps brachii
肱肌Brachialis
肱橈肌Brachioradialis
股二头肌Biceps femoris
股中间肌Vastus intermedius
股内侧肌Vastus medialis
股方肌Quadrates femoris
股四头肌Quadriceps
股外侧肌Vastus lateralis
股直肌Rectus femoris
股薄肌Gracilis
肩胛下肌Subscapularis
肩胛舌骨肌Omohyoideus
九~十画
前三角肌Anterior deltoid
前斜角肌Scalenus anterior
前鋸肌Serratus anterior
后三角肌Posterior deltoid
后斜角肌Scalenus posterior
后頸横突间肌Intertransversarii posterior cervicis 背阔肌Latissimus dorsi
耻骨肌Pectineus
胸大肌Pectoralis major
胸小肌Pectoralis minor
胸半棘肌Semispinalis thoracis
胸骨甲状肌Sternohyoideus
胸骨舌骨肌Sternohyoideus
胸最长肌Longissimus thoracis
胸棘肌Spinalis thoracis
胸横突间肌Intertransversarii
胸鎖乳突肌Sternocleidomastoideus
胸髂肋肌Lliocostalis thoracis
斜方肌Trapezius
旋前圆肌Pronator teres
旋后肌Supinator
旋转肌Rotatores
梨状肌Piriformis
第三腓骨肌Peroneus tertius
闭孔内肌Obturator internus
闭孔外肌Obturator externus
脛前肌Tibialis anterior
脛后肌Tibialis posterior
十二画
喙肱肌Coracobrachialis
掌长肌Palmaris longus
提肩胛肌Lavator scapulae
棘下肌Infraspinatus
棘上肌Supraspinatus
棘突间肌Interspinales
腓骨长肌Peroneus longus
腓骨短肌Peroneus brevis
腓肠肌Gastrocnemius
菱形肌Rhomboid
十三画
腰大肌Psoas major
腰小肌Psoas minor
腰内横突间肌Intertransversarii medialis lumborum
腰方肌Quadrates lumborum
腰外横突间肌Intertransversarii lateralis lumborum
腰髂肋肌Lliocostalis lumborum
腹内斜肌Internal abdominal oblique(Internal oblique) 腹外斜肌External abdominal oblique(External oblique) 腹直肌Rectus abdominis
腹斜肌Olbiques
腹横肌Transversus abdominis
十四~十六画
对掌拇肌Opponens pollicis
横突间肌Intertransversarii
橈侧伸腕长肌Extensor carpi radialis longus
橈侧伸腕短肌Extensor carpi radialis brevis
橈侧屈腕肌Flexor carpi radialis
頸半棘肌Semipinalis cervicis
頸夹肌Splenius cervicis
頸最长肌Longissimus cervicis 頸棘肌Spinalis cervicis
頸阔肌Platysma
頸髂肋肌Lliocostalis cervicis 头半棘肌Semispinalis capitis 头夹肌Splenius capitis
头最长肌Longissimus capitis 头棘肌Spinalis capitis
十七画以上
缝匠肌Sartorius
臀头肌Gluteus maximus
臀小肌Gluteus minimus
臀中肌Gluteus medius
阔筋膜张肌Tensor fasciae latae 蹠方肌Quadrates plantae
蹠肌Plantaris
髂肌Liliacus
髂脛肌Lliotibial band
髂腰肌Lliopsoas。