强调句否定句倒装句

第20节强调句、倒装句

一、强调句

1、常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。

It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。

此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。

It is from the sun that we get light and heat.

It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.

典型例题

1）It was last night ___ I see the comet.

A.the time

B.when

C.that

D.which

答案C. 强调句的结构是：It +be +强调部分+ that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用"who"，其余用that。原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.

强调主语：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.

强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.

强调时间：It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)

强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.

2）It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada.

A. that

B. when

C. since

D. as

答案C. 考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A. that. 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉It be…that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉'It is…that'，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。

It is /was +时间+ since…其中is<---> has been was <---> had been.

2、用助动词进行强调

强调句还有一种类型，就是用助动词do (did，does) 强调谓语。

She does like this horse.她的确喜欢这匹马。

Please do take care of yourself. 千万保重。

二、否定句

否定转移

1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。

I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。

注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。

I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。

2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.

看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.

看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

3) 有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.

我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语having…)

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.

在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。

(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)

4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定状语many weeks) 她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。

三、倒装句----全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell.

Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter.

2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

Ahead sat an old woman.

注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Here he comes.Away they went.

倒装句之部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until…等。