2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：43

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The teacher was in a rage with him, for his handwriting in the composition was （） .问题1选项A.illegibleB.incomprehensibleC.inaudibleD.decipherable【答案】A【解析】illegible难以辨认的, 字迹潦草的；incomprehensible费解的, 不可思议的；inaudible听不见的；decipherable可辨认的, 可解密的。

句意：老师对他很生气, 因为他的作文字迹潦草。

选项A符合句意。

2.单选题______ to tell us that the interest of the individual should be subordinate to that of the collective?问题1选项A.Were you usedB.Are you usedC.Did you useD.Do you used【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。

句意：你不是经常告诉我们个人的利益应该从属于集体的利益吗？sb. used to do“某人过去常常做某事”，其一般疑问句为did sb. use to do；sb. be used to (doing) sth.“习惯于（做）某事”，其一般疑问句为be动词提前；be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。

结合语境，这里指的是过去常常告诉我们某事，C选项Did you use符合题意。

因此C选项正确。

3.单选题In North America, the first canoes were constructed from logs and（）by means of wooden paddles.问题1选项A.dockedB.propelledC.chokedD.perceived【答案】B【解析】dock使靠码头；propel推进, 驱使；choke阻塞, 抑制；perceive觉察, 感知。

句意：在北美, 最早的独木舟是用原木建造的, 并由木桨推动前行。

选项B符合语境。

4.单选题The fire started on the first floor of the hospital ______ were elderly and weak.问题1选项A.many of its patientsB.many of which patientsC.many patients of whomD.many of whose patients【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：大火从医院的一楼开始蔓延，在一楼有许多年老体弱的病人。

横线到句尾部分是修饰first floor的定语从句，patients和first floor是所属关系，用引导词whose，D选项many of whose patients符合题意。

A选项中its不是引导词，不引导从句；B选项中which不表示所属关系；C选项中whom用在先行词是人的情况。

因此D选项正确。

5.单选题In that movie an （） spacecraft hovered the city for a shot while before it vanished in the distance.问题1选项A.alienB.animatedC.allergicD.ambiguous【答案】A【解析】alien外国的, 外星人的；animated活生生, 活泼的；allergic对...过敏的；ambiguous模糊不清的。

句意：电影中一艘外星人的飞船在城市上空盘旋了一会儿, 然后消失在远处。

选项A符合句意。

6. 单选题My aunt（）a brightly-colored thread round her finger so as not to forget her appointment. 问题1选项A.woundB.curvedC.spunD.bent【答案】A【解析】wind缠绕；curve使弯曲；spin旋转；bend弯曲。

句意：阿姨在手指上绕了一根颜色鲜艳的线, 这样就不会忘记她的约定了。

选项A符合语境。

7.单选题Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ______the atmosphere.问题1选项A.as it isB.the same isC.so isD.and equally is【答案】C【解析】考查倒装结构。

句意：正如土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气也是地球的一部分。

So+助动词或系动词等+另一个主语B，说明主语B和主句的主语具有同样的性质，在句中大气和土壤具有同样的性质，即都属于地球的一部分，C选项so is符合题意。

其余选项用法错误。

A选项as it is“事实上”；B选项the same is“相同的是”，放进题目构成两个独立的句子，语法错误；D选项and equally is中equally是副词，不能充当主语。

因此C选项正确。

8.单选题One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he（）almost everyone every time when he comes back from the big city.问题1选项A.asks afterB.runs forC.brings upD.takes after【答案】A【解析】ask after探问, 问候；run for竞选；bring up提出；take after与…相像。

句意：他在我们村里受欢迎的原因之一是, 他几乎每次从大城市回来都会问候所有人。

选项A符合语境。

9.单选题War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, no the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function. It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的)patterns within which human violence has been directed.The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more responsibility society takes for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffuses. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community’s deepest religious and ethical commitments.1.Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that（）.2.The function of legal systems, according to the passage is（）.3.What does the author mean by saying “...in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused” (Lines 5-6, Para 2)?4.The world “allegiance” (Line 5, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to（）.5.What can we learn from the last paragraph?问题1选项A.it threatens the existing social systemsB.it is influenced by societyC.it has roots in religious conflictsD.it is directed against institutions of law问题2选项A.to control violence within a societyB.to protect the world from chaosC.to free society from the idea of revengeD.to give the government absolute power.问题3选项A.Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.B.Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personal basis.C.Victims of violence fond it more difficult to take revenge.D.Punishment is not dried out directly by the individuals involved.问题4选项A.loyaltyB.objectiveC.survivalD.motive问题5选项ernments tend to abuse their supreme power in times of war.B.In times of war, governments may extend their power across national borders.C.In times of war, governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.ernments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。