青岛大学211翻译硕士英语2016-2017年考研专业课真题试卷
2016年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2016年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART IGRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (20 Points)There are twenty sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes each sentence.1. The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be by this device.A. ignitedB. lightedC. firedD. inspired【答案】A【解析】句意：这个洲际导弹的燃料应该用这种装置点燃。
ignite多用于科技文体，指使用火花使易燃物迅速燃烧起来。
fire为普通用词，指将某物点燃使其燃烧起来。
light指点燃易燃物，使其能发光，满足各种需要。
2. The police have offered a large for information leading to the robber’s arrest.A. awardB. compensationC. prize【答案】D【解析】句意：reward意为“酬谢，奖赏”，尤指因表现出色或向他人提供帮助或服务而得到的酬谢；award尤指因成绩卓越由官方决定颁发的“奖品，奖金”；compensation 尤指因损失而给予的“补偿，赔偿”；prize指在比赛中获得的“奖品，奖赏”。
3. The driver thinks accidents only happen to other people.A. averageB. commonC. usualD. normal【答案】A【解析】句意：一般的司机都认为车祸只会发生在别人身上。
青岛大学_848英汉互译与汉语写作2017年_考研专业课真题试卷
青岛大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目代码：848科目名称：英汉互译与汉语写作（共2页）请考生写明题号，将答案全部答在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效PartⅠ.Translate the following terms and passages into Chinese(60points).A1.tragicomedy2.modernism3.point of view4.streamof consciousness 5.synecdoche 6.applied linguistics7.pragmatics8.sociolinguistics9.semantics10.the informative function of languageBRhythm is sometimes quite easy.Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony,for instance, starts with the rhythm“dididy dum”,which we can all hear and tap to.But the symphony as a whole has also a rhythm---due mainly to the relation between its movements---which some people can hear but no one can tap to.This second sort of rhythm is difficult,and whether it is substantially the same as the first sort only a musician could tell us.What a literary man wants to say,though,is that the first kind of the rhythm,the dididy dum,can be found in certain novels and may give them beauty.And the other rhythm,the difficult one---the rhythm of the Fifth Symphony as a whole---I cannot quote you any parallels for that in fiction,yet it may be present.C...There the meadows are all lawns with the lustrous green of spring even in August,and often over-shadowed by old,fruit-trees-cherry,or apple,or pear;and on Sunday after the rain there was an April glory and freshness added to the quiet of the later summer.Nowhere and never in the world can there have been a deeper peace;and the bells from the little red church down by the river seemed to be the music of it,as the song of birds is the music of spring.There one saw how beautiful the life of man can be, and how men by the innocent labors of many generations can give to the earth a beauty it has never known in its wildness.And all this peace,one knew,was threatened;and the threat came into one's mind as if it were a soundless message from over the great eastward plain;and with it the beauty seemed unsubstantial and strange, as if it were sinking away into the past,as if it were only a memory of childhood.D1。
青岛科技大学翻译硕士英语12.16-17年真题
青岛科技大学二○一二年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语翻译基础注意事项：1．本试卷共2道大题（共计32个小题），满分150分；2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。
要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。
﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively.There are altogether30items in this part of the test,15in English and15 in Chinese,with one point for each.(30points)1.GDP2.WPS3.APECN5.EMU6.GATT7.CBDDD9.IRC10.import quota11.remote puter aided design13.preparatory committee14.United Arab Emirates15.United Nations Development Programme16.外汇储备17.西部大开发战略18.综合国力19.国际竞争力20.公益性文化事业21.西电东送22.南水北调工程23.统筹城乡发展24.全民健身运动25.知识创新工程26.科教兴国战略27.配套资金28.人才市场29.反倾销30.侵犯知识产权II.Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively.（120points）Source Text1（60points）:Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population.Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born100years ago.Because more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time.In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load.In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them.In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behindto die.In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child.In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not.We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,somebody else must support them.In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty.Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insurance,they must often“go on welfare”if they have a serious illness.When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families.In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died.Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person.To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are often profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.（397words）Source Text2（60points）:中国的历史文化始终处于发展进步之中。
青岛大学研究生入学考试英语专业翻译考试试题
Translate the underlined parts into Chinese:Life, the Universe and Cancerous ThingsJackie Swift1. I am 42, which according to Douglas Adams in The Hitch-hiker's Guide to the Galaxy<<银河系漫游指南>> is the answer to the question about the meaning of life. In my case the answer is cancer. Breast cancer and I have a feeling that Adams might just approve of such an answer were he still alive to hear it.2. I am slightly younger than the average age for this encounter, but not uniquely so. Every day someone is diagnosed with cancer. Every day someone dies from it. Recent statistics have us all lasting a lot longer. Early detection is the key to survival, as is treatment. There are still those of us living in denial who, on finding a lump ignore it, hoping it will go away. I met such a lady during treatment. She ignored her lump: now it is huge and the cancer has spread throughout her body. Why did she ignore it? She doesn't know.3. I found my lump during dinner one Saturday evening in February.A slight pain near my left nipple and in rubbing it better I found it. My lump. Not small, not indistinct - clearly something that shouldn't be there. I felt sick, worried all weekend and rang my doctor on Monday. How long had it been there? Had I been ignoring this, not examining my breasts regularly or carefully? But I was sure it was new, that it hadn't been there in December.4. Time then did strange things, as it has been doing ever since. My GP moved quickly, ordering scans, biopsies: an appointment with the specialist. Onto the cancer roller coaster I stepped, taking my family with me. Once malignancy was established the choices narrowed. It had to go. How much breast was to go with it? As it turns out over a third has gone and I have a seven inch scar from left to right, making me look something like a cream bun on the left and a normal roundfull jam donut on the right. It is not a pretty picture in the bathroom mirror.5. Chemotherapy followed surgery. A decent interval apart. In fact it seemed too long at the time. I just wanted it to be over. All treatment completed and was left behind me so I knew what was to happen for the rest of my life and then get on with it.6. Don't let anyone lie to you: chemotherapy is hideous. It makes your hair fall out, your skin reacts, you ache all over, you're constantly tired, you feel nauseous, constipated, or the other extreme and your predilection for infection rises dramatically. Yes, chemotherapy can kill you.7. Six treatments were set at two weeks apart. During the course of treatment I contracted two chest infections, my veins collapsed and I had to have a transfuse port inserted into my chest. Some days I felt so bad I thought that to die might be easier. Chemotherapy is a blunt instrument and it amazes me in this age of medical advancement and miracles that a regime, which seems to just kill everything indiscriminately in its path, is so commonly used. It is, in fact, integral to successful treatment.8. Radiation on the other hand is refined and specifically targeted. I am measured up, tattooed and then zapped every day for six weeks. Some discomfort, on-going fatigue, but nowhere near the trauma of chemotherapy.9. I am nearly through the initial cancer woods. Drug therapy and follow-up checks and tests with my doctor's lay ahead. Is the cancer through my system? Has it spread from the breast through the lymph nodes to other vulnerable parts? I won't know for some time. Five years they say until the "all clear". And then the numbers are on my side.10. Douglas Adams made it to 49. Perhaps that was his answer to the question of life, the universe and everything? I hope my answer isa much bigger number than that.生命、宇宙和癌症佳琪·斯韦福特我42岁。
青岛科技大学研究生入学试题 2017翻译硕士英语
10.Because the Appalachian Mountains were difficult to cross,Kentuckywas not settled__________the eastern coastal area was.
A.until afterB.otherwiseC.insteadD.in spite of
A.omitB.explainC.inventD.abbreviate
9.Some philosophers insist that one way to __________ knowledge is through an empiricalapproach.
A.disseminateB.acquire
C.there lies the city of Elizabeth
D.lies the city of Elizabeth
14.Work in parapsychology, _________________, has attracted a relatively small number of scientists.
C.boils offD.boils down
17.The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injuryin the event of an accident.
The underlined part means _________.
A. if an accident happens
13.In the eastern part ofNew Jersey____________________, a major shipping and manufacturing center.
青岛科技大学211翻译硕士英语2011-2012、2016-2017年考研专业课真题试卷
第 页（共7页）1青 岛 科 技 大 学二○一七年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：翻译硕士英语注意事项：1．本试卷共5道大题（共计51个小题），满分100分；2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。
要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。
﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡ I. There are 20 sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. (10 points)1. She _____that position in the company, and she felt she was qualified, _____, overqualified..A. desired for, on the contraryB. aspired to, if anythingC. conspired for, in factD. aspired for, or more properly2. I agree with the resolution _____, but I think a couple of ambiguities should be eliminated.A. in essenceB. in personC. in principleD. in general3. The sign read: Don’t __________ on the grass.A. treadB. trounceC. trekD. trip4. Businesspeople are inquiring ___________ the cause of a bankruptcy.A. ontoB. afterC. intoD. for5. That shop doesn’t have brown sugar in ____________ at the moment, but they expect to have some tomorrow.A. storageB. stockC. saleD. demand6. He was ________ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.A. stungB. scratchedC. prickedD. bitten7. Gloria is too __________; she always insists she is right.A. incompetentB. dilatoryC. punctiliousD. dogmatic8. It is seldom acceptable to ______________ words in formal writing.A. omitB. explainC. inventD. abbreviate9. Some philosophers insist that one way to __________ knowledge is through an empirical approach.A. disseminateB. acquireC. learnD. classify10. Because the Appalachian Mountains were difficult to cross, Kentucky was not settled __________ 青岛科技大学考研专业课真题试卷精都考研网（专业课精编资料、一对一辅导、视频网课）。
2016青岛科技大学2016翻译硕士英语考研真题
17. “Here are two keys. Will ______ of them fit this door?”
“No, ______ of them will.”
A. both/none B. either/neither C. both/no one D. both/no one
18. On his next birthday he _______ married for ten years.
A．succession B. success C. successor D. succeeding
5. Blaming what it said were hostileU.S.policies,North Korea_______ a meeting that was to have been held in September.
13. _______ your help I should have failed in carrying out my duty.
A．But for B. Due to C. Owing to D. Thanks to
14. I believe that they are now closer to their customers and more able to cater for the needs of their customers, including those who_______ with their payments.
翻译硕士英语
青岛大学2012年翻译专业硕士研究生入学试题科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语(共11 页)请写明题号，将答案全部写在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效PART I GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (30 Points)(I) There are twenty sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes each sentence.1. This country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, c oal _____ the most important of these.a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being2. The weather forecast says it may rain tomorrow, ______ the picnic will be cancelled.a. in this caseb. in that casec. in cased. in which case3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _____ left untreated.a. afterb. ifc. sinced. unless4. It is not so much the language _____ the cultural background that makes the novel difficult to translate.a. butb. notc. asd. than5. His fondness for music was ______ most of his income went into it.a. so thatb. much thatc. such thatd. in that6.He said it was impossible for _____ a mistake in a computer’s calculation, so you can rely on that.a. there to beb. there would bec. there beingd. there was7. ____________the station earlier, you would not have missed the train.a. If you reachb. If you reachedc. If you have reachedd. If you had reached8. Until then，his family __________ from him for six months.a. didn’t hearb. hasn’t been hearingc. hasn’t heardd. hadn’t heard9. On the other hand, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.a. mannerb. lightc. sensed. method10. It was the first day of spring 2002, and she was standing in ahelicopter as it ______roughly a kilometer up in the sky above Kabula. coveredb. hoveredc. stoppedd. fluttered11. I’ll try to get in touch with the actor but he’s ____ ever at home when I phone.a. rarelyb. almostc. hardlyd. occasionally12. In spite of what they said, she refused to ______ to the police.a. give herself wayb. give herself offc. give herself awayd. give herself up13. Swarms of ants are invading my window. They are such a _______.a. troubleb. disturbancec. nuisanced. annoyance14. Although badly damaged by the earthquake, the pagoda wasfinally ___ to its original magnificence.a. recoveredb. restoredc. renewedd. replaced15. The woman and children were taken to Matagorda RegionalHospital in Bay City, where the woman was in _____Wednesday night, Lewis said.a. surgeryb. operationc. rescued. action16. It is considered bad manners to _____ other people behind their backs.a. do upb. do byc. do away withd. do down17. I would rather you ___ for Canada for a visit next year when it is warm there.a. leftb. leavec. would leaved. had left18. It has been discovered that the water _____ the coast is rich in all kinds of fish.a. offb. ofc. ind. along19. A letter from over 2,000 Crisis volunteers has been delivered toDowning Street calling ___ the Prime Minister to ensure people get the help they need when they approach their local council as homeless.a. forb. onc. atd. in20. Crisis has passed the half way mark towards an ambitious target to____ almost 1,700 single homeless people in privately rented homes across England.a. provideb. letc. offerd. house(II) Error correction. In each sentence, there is one error. Find eacherror and correct it.1. A nger over her position became violent at times, with her Tucson office vandalizing after the House passed the overhaul last March and someone showing up at a recent gathering with a weapon.2. The sheriff blamed the vitriolic political rhetoric that has consumed the country, much of it was centered in Arizona.3. You have the satisfaction of having saved it on your own, and the knowledge which you don’t owe anyone.4.Most of time there are consequences for violating rules at work—whether they are safety rules of the workplace, or directives on how to perform your specific job duties.5. He later set out a fictional etymology for the name, to the effect like it was being derived from the word “Holbytlan”which translates “hole-dweller” in Old English.6. In his writings, Tolkien depicted Hobbits as fond of an unadventurous bucolic life of farming, eating, and socializing, although able of defending their homes courageously if the need arises.7. A group of escapees, find sanctuary in a Church compound, risk their lives as they struggle to survive the plight and persecution brought on by the violent invasion of the city.8. MTI Film provides software based integrated solutions for post production with a focus in technology for digital film restoration and digital dailies.9. The MTI degree, short for Master of Translation and Interpreting, is a professional level of education approved by the Commission of Academic Degrees of the State Department of China.10. But if you get into an accident because of a personal risk you take for yourself, and not your employer, you could lose your right of benefits. PART II READING COMPREHENSION (40 Points)In this section there are five passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage 1Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Severalgiant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn’t help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt’s leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey’s bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don’t need a dam to be sav ed.1.According to the passage, why is the ideal of building big dams so fascinating?a. Because it involves a lot of high technology.b. Because human beings have suffered too much from floods and droughts.c. Because big dams can bring us great benefits.d. Because it is very beautiful and powerful.2. According to the passage, building a big dam_______.a. helped Egypt win the leadership among the Arab countries.b. made Turkey a powerful country in the Arab world.c. is both fascinating and blind.d. is always a symbol of achievement and power.3. The Aswan Dam _____.a. worked as intended.b. prevented the Nile from flooding too oftenc. stopped the myth of controlling waters.d. formed a reservoir which can hardly generate power.4. Which is true about big dams?a. Slovakia won its independence through a big dam.b. The Narmada Dam got the support of the World Bank.c. The Three Gorges Dam is an exception.d. Hydroelectric power and flood control are their only functions.Passage 2The advance of spring made the climate of Pisa too hot for comfort; and early in April Trelawny and Williams rode off to find a suitable lodging for themselves and the Shelleys on the Gulf of Spezia. They pitched upon a house called the Villa Magni, between Lerici and San Terenzio, which “looked more like a boat or a bathing-house than a place to live in. It consisted of a terrace or ground-floor unpaved, and used for storing boat-gear and fishing-tackle, and of a single storey over it, divided into a hall or saloon and four small rooms, which had once been white-washed; there was one chimney for cooking. This place we thought the Shelleys might put up with for the summer. The only good thing about it was a verandah facing the sea, and almost over it.” When it came to be inhabited, the central hall was used for the living and eating room of the whole party.The Shelleys occupied two rooms facing each other; the Williamses had one of the remaining chambers, and Trelawny another. Access to these smaller apartments could only be got through the saloon; and this circumstance once gave rise to a ludicrous incident, when Shelley, having lost his clothes out bathing, had to cross, in puris naturalibus, not undetected, though covered in his retreat by the clever Italian handmaiden, through a luncheon party assembled in the dining-room. The horror of the ladies at the poet's unexpected apparition and his innocent self-defence are well described by Trelawny. Life in the villa was of the simplest description. To get food was no easy matter; and the style of the furniture may be guessed by Trelawny's laconic remark that the sea was his only washing-basin.5. According to the passage, it can be inferred that ______.a. The Shelleys asked Trelawny and Williams to look for lodgings for them.b. Trelawny and Williams liked to live with the Shelleys.c. The Shelleys went to Pisa for summer holidays.d. Trelawny and Williams found a house by the sea.6. What is true about the Villa Magni?a. It was a boat or bathing-room rather than a house.b. Its central hall was used as a dining-hall by all the inhabitants.c. It was a three-storey building.d. Its hall was used for storing boat-gear and fishing-tackle.7. What is true about the incident that happened to Shelley one day?a. He tried to find clothes to cover himself.b. Shelley frightened away the ladies eating their lunch.c. puris naturalibus means “stark naked”.d. Shelley was grateful to the clever housemaid.Passage 3Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for laying a box.Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In the Bilski, as the case is known, is a “very big deal”, says Dennis’D Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had beenissued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s j udges, rather than a typical panel of three and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are “reacting to the anti-patent trend at the supreme court”, says Harold C.Wegner, an attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.8. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because ofa. their limited value to businessb. their connection with asset allocationc. the possible restriction on their grantingd. the controversy over authorization9. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?a. Its ruling complies with the court decisionsb. It involves a very big business transaction]c. It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuitd. It may change the legal practices in the U.S.10. The word “about-face” (Para 3) most probably meansa. loss of good willb. increase of hostilityc. change of attituded. enhancement of dignity11. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patentsa. are immune to legal challengesb. are often unnecessarily issuedc. lower the esteem for patent holdersd. increase the incidence of risks12. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?a. A looming threat to business-method patentsb. Protection for business-method patent holdersc. A legal case regarding business-method patentsd. A prevailing tread against business-method patentsPassage 4In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $ 500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism”: the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction（1954-1877）ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule” was for most blacks a dream deferred.The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations is no just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits”of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural r acism’s barriers include “equity inequity,” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all blackhouseholds actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was $ 16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91 recession, African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black. Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.13. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical exampleof _______.a. crime against humanityb. unfair business transactionc. racial conflicts in Georgiad. racial segregation in America14. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is ______.a. widespread use of racist stereotypesb. prejudice against minority groupsc. deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityd. denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks.15. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?a. Differences between races are deliberately obscured.b. The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.c. There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.d. The interests of blacks are not protected by law.16. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites ________.a. has resulted from business successes over the yearsb. has been accompanied by black capital formationc. has derived from sizable investments in educationd. has been accumulated from generations of slaveryPassage 5In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energeticfounders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders wer e thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.17. It’s true of the old family firms that.a. they were spoiled by the younger generationsb. they failed for lack of individual initiativec. they lacked efficiency compared with modern companiesd. they could supply adequate services to the taxpayers18. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in .a. the separation of capital from managementb. the ownership of capital by managersc. the emergence of capital and labour as two classesd. the participation of shareholders in municipal business19. According to the passage, all of the following are true except that .a. the shareholders were unaware of the needs of the workersb. the old firm owners had a better understanding of their workersc. the limited liability companies were too large to run smoothlyd. the trade unions seemed to play a positive role20. The author is most critical of .a. family firm ownersb. landownersc. managersd. shareholdersPART III WRITING (30 Points)Write an essay of about 400words, expressing your views on the following title. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, diction and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Should We Help the Injured Old People?11。
(NEW)青岛大学211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解
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目 录2013年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2015年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2016年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART I GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (30 Points)(I) There are twenty sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. Choose the one word or phrase that best complete each sentence.1．The Commissioners also recognized that there were certain to achieving greater participation.A. impedimentsB. preventionsC. difficultiesD. problems【答案】A【解析】句意：委员们还认识到，实现更大的参与存在某些障碍。
impediment意思为“妨碍；障碍物”，经常与to连用。
2．The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in the minority.A. overwhelmingB. wideC. maximumD. minimum【答案】A【解析】句意：大多数护士都是女性，但在医学界拥有较高职务的人中，女性却占少数。
overwhelming可以用来修饰majority或minority，表示绝大多数或少数。
3．George Bush’s retirement from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. gets effect【答案】B【解析】carry into effect实行；使生效。
青岛大学622基础英语(2)2016-2017年考研专业课真题试卷
青岛大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目代码：622科目名称：基础英语（2）（共9页）请考生写明题号，将答案全部答在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效Part I.Cloze(20points)Directions:there are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You must choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Music comes in many forms;most countries have a style of their own.1 the turn of the century when jazz was born,America had no prominent2of its own.No one knows exactly when jazz was3,or by whom.But it began to be4in the early1900s.Jazz is Americas contribution to5music.In contrast to classical music,which6formal European traditions,jazz is spontaneous and free form.It bubbles with energy,7the moods,interests, and emotions of the people.In the1920s jazz8like America,and9 it does today.The10of this music are as interesting as the music11.American Negroes,or blacks,as they are called today,were the jazz12.They were brought to Southern States13slaves.They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long14.When a Negro died his friend and relatives15a procession to carry the body to the cemetery.In New Orleans,a band often accompanied the16.On the way to the cemetery the band played slow,solemn music suited to the occasion.17on the way home the mood changed.Spirits lifted.Death had removed one of their18, but the living were glad to be alive.The band played19music,improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes20at the funeral.This music made everyone want to dance.It was an early form of jazz.1. A.By B.At C.In D.On2. A.music B.song C.melody D.style3. A.discovered B.acted C.invented D.designed4. A.noticed B.found C.listened D.heard5. A.classical B.sacred C.popular D.light6. A.forms B.follows C.approaches D.introduces7. A.expressing B.explaining C.exposing D.illustrating8. A.appeared B.felt C.seemed D.sounded9. A.as B.so C.either D.neither10.A.origins B.originals C.discoveries D.resources11.A.concerned B.itself C.available D.oneself12.A.players B.followers C.fans D.pioneers13.A.for B.as C.with D.by14.A.months B.weeks C.hours D.times15.A.demonstrated posed C.hosted D.formed16.A.demonstration B.procession C.body D.march17.A.Even B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.But18. A.number B.members C.body D.relations19. A.sad B.solemn C.happy D.funeral20. A.whistled B.sung C.presented D.showedPart II.Error Correction(10points)Directions:the passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in a right way.For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word,mark the position of the missing word with a“∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word,cross out the unnecessary word with a slash“/”and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.Sporting activities are essentially modified forms ofhunting behavior.Viewing biologically,the modern 1.________ footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised huntingpack.His killing weapon has turned into a harmless footballand his prey into a goal-mouth.If his aimis inaccurate and he scores a goal, 2.________ enjoys the hunter's triumph of killing his prey. 3.________ To understand how this transformation hastaken place we must briefly look up at 4.________ our ancient ancestors.They spent over amillion year evolving as co-operative hunters. 5.________ Their very survival depended on successin the hunting-field.Under this pressureTheir whole way of life,even if their bodies 6.________ became radically changed.They became chasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,。
青岛大学德语翻译基础2017年考研初试真题
青岛大学基础英语2016年考研真题考研试题硕士研究生入学考试试题
青岛大学2016年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目代码：642 科目名称：基础英语(共10页）请考生写明题号，将答案全部答在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效PART I SENTENCE COMPLETION (20 points)Choose the word or the set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.1.Environmental groups want more passenger and freight traffic ______ off the road and onto trains.A. movedB. moveC. moving D being moving2. It was the consensus of the party ______ its candidates could easily win the election.A. whenB. thatC. howD. where3. Hydrogen is the ______element of the universe in that it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A. steadiestB. expendableC. lightestD. fundamental4. The paradoxical aspect of the myths about Demeter, when we consider the predominant image of her as a tranquil and serene goddess, is her ___ search for her daughter.A. extendedB. agitatedC. franticD. comprehensive5 Criticism and self-criticism is necessary ____ it helps us to correct our mistakes.A. such thatB. with thatC. so thatD. in that6. The significance of the Magna Carta lies not in its _____ provisions, but in its broader impact: it made the king subject to the law.A. revolutionaryB. specificC. implicitD. controversial7. Democratic Massachusetts Senate candidate, Elizabeth Warrens, self- proclaimed Native American ______ is in question tonight.A. nominationB. cultural insightC. ancestryD. cultural tradition8. Under the guidance of their instructors, the students are building a model boat ____ by steam.A. towedB. pressedC. tossedD. propelled.9.Researchers _____ that genes may determine the strength of the immune system, which could help explain how an infectious disease could have a hereditary link.A. conformB. evaluateC. estimateD. resurrect10. Despite the fact that the book promises a complete rethinking of the factorscontributing to the conflict, the picture that the book paints is ____: the causes it suggests are more orthodox that ____.A. unique; innovativeB. commonplace; imitativeC. controversial, radicalD. familiar; revisionist11. The constitution of the State required that property should be _____ for taxation atits market value.A. estimatedB. appraisedC. evaluatedD. valued.12. From that year on, there was a ____ race between tabloid newspapers as to whocould get their hands on the Christmas cards of the royal family first.A. crazyB. frenziedC. desperateD. terrible.13. Advances in health care have lengthened life spans, lowered infant mortalityrates, and thus ________ the overpopulation problem.A. eliminatedB. aggravatedC. minimizedD. distorted14. If those large publishers that respond solely to popular literary trends continue todominate the publishing market, the initial publication of new writers will depend on the writer’s willingn ess to________ popular tastes.A. struggle againstB. cater toC. admireD. flout15. Psychologists have done extensive studies on how well patients _______ withdoctors’ orders.A. complyB. correspondC. interfereD. interact16. D espite the ______ of the materials with which he worked, many of Tiffany’sGlass masterpieces have survived for more than seventy years.A. beautyB. abundanceC. majestyD. fragility17. Her is always a source of irritation: she never uses a single word when shecan substitute a long clause or phrase in its place.A. verbosityB. simplicityC. CogencyD. rhetoric18. A leading philosopher of our time, Ludwig Wittgenstein, laid down a ________ towhich good hist orians ________ : “Of that of which nothing is known nothing can be said."A. burden...protestB. law...amendC. rule...adhereD. maxim...succumb19. After reading numbers of biographies recounting dysfunctions and disasters, failedmarriages and failed careers, Joyce Carol Oates ________ a word to ________ the genre: pathography, the story of diseased lives.A. invented......curtailB. reiterated...criticizeC. hypothesized...indictD. coined...describe20. The United States must assess how, and to what extent these TA issues will_____WTO agreements, world trade, market competitiveness.A. step intoB. impinge onC. cross ontoD. nose intoII PROOF READING AND ERROR CORRECTION (10 Points) The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.It is natural to feel uncomfortable in a languageclass. You are used to being in class where the modeof communication -- the language of instruction -- isgiving. In a language course, however, it is the 1. __________mode of communication itself which is the focus of 2.___________ instruction. For this reason, a language course isdifferent from most other courses you will ever take. Notunderstanding and making mistakes -- things that arepositive learning indicates in other courses-- are a 3._________very natural part of the language learning processes.Accept the fact that you will not understand anything. 4._________In fact, at the very beginning, you will not understandmost at all. 5._________ Remember that during the initial period of adaptation,your ear and mind are adjusting with the 6.__________sounds and the rhythm of the language. Though youwill not understand all of that is being said, you willnot understand all of that is being said, you will 7. __________be amazed at your increasing ability to make sense ofthe language. Remember that the only way to learnthe language is through practice, practice and morepractice; in the course of practicing you will makemany errors... and you will learn them. 8.___________Research shows that language students learnmore effectively and retain more when they studyfrequently and for shorter periods of time than if theystudy infrequently for extended periods of time. Tryto study each day, and when possible, several times 9.___________a day. This means, for an instance, doing a few 10.___________homework exercises each day rather than doing allhomework assignments the night before they are due.PART III READING COMPREHENSION (30 Points)In this section there are three reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage 1Daylight saving time (DST) is the convention of advancing clocks so that afternoons have more daylight and mornings have less. Typically clocks are adjusted forward one hour near the start of spring and are adjusted backward in autumn.Modern DST was first proposed in 1907 by William Willett. Many countries have used it since then; details vary by location and change occasionally.Generally agreement about the day's layout confers so many advantages that a standard DST schedule usually outranks efforts to get up earlier, even for people who personally dislike DST schedule. The practice is mixed blessing, however.For instance, retailers, sporting goods makers, and other businesses benefit from extra afternoon sunlight, as it induces customers to shop and to participate in outdoor afternoon sports. As the 1984 Fortune magazine estimated that a seven-week extension of DST would yield an additional $30 million for 7-Eleven stores, and the National Golf Foundation estimated the extension would increase golf industry revenues $200 million to $300 million. Conversely, DST can adversely affect framers and others whose hours are set by the sun. For example, grain harvesting is best done after dew evaporates, so when field hands arrive and leave earlier in summer their labor is less valuable. DST also hurts prime-time broadcast rating s and drive-in and other theaters.Clock shifts correlates with decreased economic efficiency. In 2000 the daylight-saving effect implied an estimated one-day loss of $31 billion on US stock exchanges. Clock shifts and DST rule changes have a direct economic cost, since they entail extra work to support remote meeting, computer applications and the like. For example, a 2007 North American rule change cost an estimated $500 million to $ 1 billion.Extra afternoon daylight is said to reduce traffic fatalities. In 1975 the US DOT conservatively identified a 0.7% reduction in traffic fatalities during DST, and estimated the real reduction to be 1.5% to 2%, but the 1976 NBS review of the DOT study found no differences in traffic fatalities. In 1995 the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety estimated a reduction of 1.2%, including a 5% reduction in crashes fatal to pedestrians. Others have found similar reductions. Single/Double Summer Time (SDST), a variant where clocks are one hours ahead of the sun in winter and two in summer, has been projected to reduce traffic fatalities by 3% to 4% in the UK, compared to ordinary DST. A correlation between clock shifts and accidents has been observed in North America but not in Sweden. If this effect exists, it is far smaller than the overall reduction in fatalities.However, the effect of DST on crime is less clear. In the 1970s the US Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) found a reduction of 10% to 13% in Washington, D.C.'s violent crime and found crime reductions only in one and only in some crime categories；the DOT decided it was "impossible to conclude with any confidence that comparable benefits would be found nationwide". Outdoor lighting has a marginal and sometimes even contradictory influence on crime and fear of crime.DST also has mixed effects on health. In societies with fixed work schedules it provides more afternoon sunlight or outdoor exercise. It alters sunlight exposure；whether this is beneficial depends on one's location and daily schedule, as sunlight triggers vitamin D synthesis in the skin, but overexposure can lead to skin cancer. Sunlight strongly influences seasonal affective disorder. DST may help in depressionby causing individuals to rise earlier, but some argue that reverse. The Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation Fighting Blindness, chaired by blind sports magnate Gordon Gund, successfully lobbied in 1985 and 2005 for US DST extensions , but DST can hurt night blindness sufferers.Clock shifts disrupt sleep and reduce its efficiency. Effects on seasonal adaptation of the circadian rhythm can be severe and last for weeks. The government of Kazakhstan cited health complications due to clock shifts as a reason for abolishing DST in 2005.Although the DST increases opportunities for outdoor leisure activities during afternoon sunlight hours, obviously it does nor change the length of the day; the longer days nearer the summer solstice in high latitudes merely offer more room to shift apparent daylight from morning to evening. And the DST is commonly not observed during most of winter, because its mornings are darker: workers may have no sunlit leisure time, and children may need to leave for school in the dark.1. According to the passage, the DSTA. offers one more hour in the afternoon both in the seasons of summer and winter.B. causes people to get up one hour earlier in summer but not in wither.C. adjusts the time of people's activity arrangement to make full use of the daytime.D. causes people to end the activities in the morning one hour later in wither.2.Which of the following businesses may NOT benefit from the DST?A. building tradeB. open-air recreation industryC. outdoor sports businessD. computer-based services3. What is the role of the third paragraph in the developing of the topic?A. To show the advantages and disadvantages of the adaptation of DST.B. To provide supporting evidence for the preceding paragraph.C. To emphasize how the adoption of DST affect certain other businesses.D. To illustrate that the agreement of the day's layout is not always beneficial.4. According to the effects of DST on various aspects, we can conclude thatA. the practice of DST is obviously controversial.B. the practice of DST is not scientific enough.C. the advantages of DST exceed the disadvantages.D. the results caused by the DST are rather unsatisfactory.5 What kind of writing does the passage belong to?A. PersuasionB. DescriptionC. ExpositoryD. Narration. Passage 2It is nothing new that English use is on the rise around the world especially in business circles. This also happens in France, the headquarters of the global battle against American cultural hegemony. If French guys are giving in to English, something really big must be going on. And something big is going on.. Partly, it's that American hegemony Didier. Benchimol, CEO of a French ecommerce software company, feels compelled to speak English perfectly because the Internet software business is dominated by Americans. He and other Frenchbusinessmen also have to speak English because they want to get their message out to American investors, possessors of the world's deepest pockets.The triumph of English in France and elsewhere in Europe, however, may rest on something more enduring. As they become entwined with each other politically and economically. Europeans need a way to talk to one another and to the rest of the world. And for a number of reasons, they've decided upon English as their common tongue. So when German chemical and pharmaceutical Hoechst merged with French competitor Rhone-Poulenc last year, the companies chose the vague Latinate Aventis as the new company name-- and settled on English as the company's common language. When monetary policymakers from around the Europe began meeting at the European Central Bank in Frankfurt last year to set interest rates for the new Euroland, they held their deliberations in English. Even the European Commission, with 11 official languages and a traditionally French-speaking bureaucracy, effectively switched over to English as its working language last year.How did this happen? One school attributes English's great success to the sheer weight of its merit. It's a Germanic language, brought to Britain around the fifth century A. D. During the four centuries of French-speaking rule that followed Norman Conquest of 1066, the language morphed into something else entirely. French words were added wholesale, and most of the complications of Germanic grammar were shed while few of the complications of French added. The result is a language with a huge vocabulary and a simple grammar that can express most things more efficiently than either of its parents. What's more, English has remained ungoverned and open to change -- foreign words, coinages, and grammatical shifts-- in a way that French, ruled by the purist Academic Francaise, has not.So it's a swell language, especially for business. But the rise of English over the past few centuries clearly owes at least as much to history and economics as to the language's ability to economically express the concept win-win. What happened is that the competition--first Latin, then French, then, briefly, German--faded with the waning of the political, economic, and military fortunes of , respectively, the Catholic Church, France, and Germany. All along, English was increasing in importance: Britain was the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, and London the world's most important financial centre, which made English a key language business. England's colonies around the world also made it the language with the most global reach. And as that former colony the US rose to the status of the world's preeminent political, economic, military, and cultural power, English became the obvious second language to learn.In the 1990s more and more European found themselves forced to use English. The last generation of business and government leaders of business and government leaders who hadn't studied English in school was leaving the stage. The European Community was adding new members and evolving from a paper-shuffling club into a serious regional government that would need a single common language if it were ever to get anything done. Meanwhile, economic barriers between European nations have been disappearing, meaning that more and more companies are beginning to look at the whole continent as their domestic market. And then theInternet came along.The Net had two big impacts. One was that it was an exciting, potentially lucrative new industry that had its roots in the US, so if you wanted to get in on it, you had to speak some English. The other was that by surfing the Web, Europeans who had previously encountered English only at school and in pop songs were now coming into contact with it daily.None of this means English has taken over European life. According to the European Union, 47% of Western Europeans ( including the British and Irish) speak English well enough to carry on a conversation. That's a lot more than those who can speak German (32%) or French (28%), but it still means more Europeans don't speak the language. If you want to sell shampoo or cell phones, you have to do it in French or German or Spanish or Greek. Even the US, and British media companies that stand to benefit most from the spread of English have been hedging their bets -- CNN broadcasts in Spanish, the Financial Times has recently launched a daily German-language edition.Bust just look at who speaks English: 77% of Western European college students ,69% of managers, and 65% of those aged 15-24. In secondary schools of the European Union's non-English-speaking countries, 91% of students study English, all of which means that the transition to English as the language of European business hasn't been all that traumatic, and it's only going to get easier in the future.6. In the author's opinion, what really underlines the rising status of English in France and Europe isA. American dominance in the Internet software business.B. a practical need for effective communication among Europeans.C. European's eagerness to do business with American businessmen.D. the recent trend for foreign companies to merge with each other.7. French lost its dominant status as an international language forA. religious reasonsB. political reasonsC. economic reasonsD. military reasons.8. The author uses the example of CNN broadcasting in Spanish to show thatA. CNN benefits a lot from the spread of English.B. more people speak English than any other language in Europe.C. CNN regards Spanish as a language more important than English.D. the media cannot afford to ignore the larger number of non-English speakers.9. Which of the following statements forecasts the continuous rise of English in the future?A. About half of Western Europeans are now proficient in English.B. Us and British media companies are operating in Western Europe.C. Most secondary school students in Europe study English.D. Most Europeans continue to use their own language.10. The passage mainly examines the factors related toA. the rising status of the English in Europe.B. English learning in non-English-speaking EU nations.C. the preference for English by European businessmen.D. the switch from French to English in the European Commission.Passage 3Thomas Hardy’s impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony. Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters’ psychologies, though impelled less by curiosity than by sympathy. Occasionally he felt the impulse to comedy ( in all its detached coldness) as well as the impulse to farce, but he was more often inclined to see tragedy and record it. He was also inclined to literary realism in the several senses of that phrase. He wanted to describe ordinary human beings; he wanted to speculate on their dilemmas rationally ( and, unfortunately, even schematically); and he wanted to record precisely the material universe. Finally, he wanted to be more than a realist. He wanted to transcend what he considered to be the banality of solely recording things exactly and to express as well his awareness of the occult and the strange.In his novels these various impulses were sacrificed to each other inevitably and often. Inevitably, because Hardy did not care in the way those novelists such as Flaubert or James cared, and therefore took paths of least resistance. Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style. But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style--- that sure index of an author’s literary worth--- was certain to become verbose. Hardy’s weakness derived from his unw illingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. He submitted to first one and then another, and the spirit blew where it listed; hence the unevenness of any one of his novels. His most controlled novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, prominently exhibits two different but reconcilable impulses--- a desire to be a realist-historian and a desire to be psychologist of love—but the slight interlockings of plot are not enough to bind the two completely together. Thus even this book splits into distinct parts.11. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage, based on itscontent?A. Under the Greenwood Tree: Hardy’s Ambiguous TriumphB. The Real and the Strange: The Novelist’s Shifting RealmsC. Energy Versus Repo se: The role of: Ordinary People in Hardy’s FictionD. Hardy’s Novelistic Impulses: The Problem of Control12. The passage suggests that the author would be most likely to agree with which ofthe following statements about literary realisms?A. Literary realism is most concerned with exploration of the internal lives ofordinary human beings.B. The term” literary realism” is susceptible to more than a single definition.C. Literary realism and an interest in psychology are likely to be odds in anovelist’s work.D. “Literary realism” is the term most often used by critics in describing themethod of Hardy’s novels.13. The author of the passage considers a writer’s style to beA. a reliable means by which to measure the writer’s lite rary merit.B. Most apparent in those parts of the writer’s work that are not realistic.C. Problematic when the writer attempts to follow perilous or risky impulses.D. shaped primarily by the writer’s desire to classify and schematize.14. The passage supplies information to suggest that its author would be most likelyto agree with which of the following statements about the novelists Flaubert and James?A. They indulged more impulse in their novels than did Hardy in his novels.B. They have elicited a greater degree of favorable response from most literaryCritics than has Hardy.C. In the writing of their novels, they often took pains to effect a compromiseamong their various novelistic impulses.D. Regarding novelistic construction, they cared more about the opinions of othernovelists than about the opinions of ordinary readers.15. Which of the following statements about the use of comedy in Hardy’s novels isbest supported by the passage?A. Hardy’s use of comedy in his novels tended to weaken his literary style.B. Hardy’s use of comedy in his novels was inspired by his natural sympathy.C. Comedy appeared less frequently in Hardy’s novels than did tragedy.D. Comedy played an important role in Hardy’s novels though t hat comedy wasusually in the form of farce.PART IV TRANSLATION FROM ENGLISH INTO CHINESE (50 Points) Running a company with a friend is a surefire way to end a friendship. When I first had the idea for Okta, I briefly considered bringing on one of my close friends from , but I knew that when we ran into issues —if we couldn’t raise funding, if we disagreed on how to build the product, or most importantly, if we foresaw different futures for the company — the pressure would be too much for us to withstand. On the other hand, if things went well, our friendship would evolve into an entirely professional relationship.Frederic and I started as business partners, and because of that we’re able to approach issues and important decisions with fewer emotions. For example, when we raised our first round of funding, we had to pick between two attractive offers —looking back, it was one of those “every decision is a good decision” situation, but realistically, we knew it would have a huge impact on the future of the company and we could feel the pressure. Instead of feeding off each other’s emotions, we looked at the offers rationally and based our decision on hours of thoughtful deliberations. Thatdynamic wouldn’t be the same among good friends.Make sure you complement each otherThe most successful business partners come to the table with varying yet complementary talents, perspectives and experiences. Frederic and I have plenty in common. We share a -heavy network, engineering degrees, experience as competitive athletes and supportive spouses, and we’re both keenly focused on satisfying our customers.Our areas of expertise — his in sales, operations and marketing and mine in product — cover different grounds, and our personalities are mismatched in a necessary way. Frederic’s extroverted and optimistic, whereas I’m naturally more introverted and stoic. Back when we were first fundraising (before we had those two attractive offers), I woke up everyday worried we would never be able to raise money and it was Frederic who always got me to calm down and keep moving forward; we balance each other out.Foster your relationshipNowadays, Frederic and I spend a significant amount of time together and we put a lot of work into maintaining our relationship – almost like a married couple. We have a Monday routine where we meet up for breakfast and discuss what we did with our families that weekend before transitioning into priorities for the days ahead. Outside of breakfast, we’re in almost constant communication. Because of that, I’ve actually learned a lot from Frederic about communicating. More communication is always, better, and understanding the intentions of the person on the other side is half the battle.I tell aspiring founders to look for someone you respect and want to learn from; someone you’ll be comfortable talking to about difficult decisions and frustrating finances; someone you’ll want to invite to family barbeques, but also understand when they can’t make it. Your bus iness partner be a huge part of your life and although it’s crucial you don’t start as friends, you should embrace the companionship that naturally should come with founding a company together.PART V WRITING (40 Points)Some people believe that universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study. Others believe that universities should not force students to take any courses other than those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen field. What do you think of these views? Discuss both views.Write an essay of about 400words, Use specific reasons/examples to support your position on the statement above. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, diction and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。
2016—2017年考研英语二真题及答案解
2016考研英语二真题及答案解析Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firm’s work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, firms’investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8 . But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest－like size, industry, and sales－and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16 . Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking[考点分析] 连词辨析[选项分析] 根据语境，“新发现表明：快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。
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青岛大学2017年翻译专业硕士研究生入学试题
科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语（共9页）
请写明题号，将答案全部写在答题纸上，答在试卷上无效
㌱‷൬I GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY(20Points)
There are twenty sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one word or phrase that best completes each sentence.
1.൬he issue of e-commerce did not any detailed discussions at the
conference.
㌱.take delight in B.give rise to
C.give way to
D.take advantage of
2.Bing aware of the potential objections,they launched a reform at the
beginning stage.
㌱.humble B.modest C.timid D.middle
3.Fingerprints form an unchangeable despite changes in the individual’s
appearance or age.
㌱.mark B.sign C.remark D.signature
4.It is illegal in some countries that children unattended at home.
㌱.be left B.left C.are leaving D.being left
5.㌱new material,we have good reason to be optimistic.
㌱.developed B.being developed
C.was being developed
D.was developed
6.I think much attention your pronunciation.
㌱.must be paid to B.ought to be paid to
C.must pay to
D.should be paid to
7.Hurry up,or the tickets out by the time we get there.
㌱.will have sold B.will sell
C.have sold
D.will have been sold
1
8.Nothing helps success more than what you are doing.
㌱.know B.to know C.be known to D.knowing
9.Because of my‷ussian,I cannot make myself.
㌱.broken;understood B.broken;understand
C.break;understood
D.breaking;understanding
10.It is better to die on one’s feet than.
㌱.live on one’s knees B.living one’s knees
C.on one’s knees
D.to live on one’s knees
11.In the Christian religion,the lucky number13back to the Last
Supper.
㌱.tracks B.traces C.dates D.tails
12.When we are reading,the important thing is to the essential
meaning,not to learn every single word.
㌱.clasp B.grab C.grasp D.grapple
13.He applied for a(n)position in a company.
㌱.empty B.vacant C.vacuum D.margin
14.൬he Channel൬unnel is one of the biggest engineering projects ever.
㌱.understated B.undertaken C.undergone D.underneath
15.Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions,have been
mentioned in previous pages.
㌱.a few of it B.a few of that C.a few of them D.a few of which 16.൬hey will have you if you don’t pay your taxes.
㌱.to be arrested B.arrest C.arrested D.being arrested
17.Small boys are questioners.൬hey ask questions all the time.
㌱.original B.imaginative C.peculiar D.persistent
18.Some people avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral
about them.
㌱.violently B.enthusiastically C.sincerely D.deliberately
19.Despite their good service,most inns are less costly than hotels of
standards.
㌱.equivalent B.alike C.uniform D.likely
2。