主谓一致分析
语法主谓一致的常见错误分析
语法主谓一致的常见错误分析语法是语言的骨架,而主谓一致是语法中的重要概念之一。
在英语写作中,主谓一致指的是句子中主语和动词的形式要保持一致。
然而,由于语法知识的复杂性和个人对语言的误解,主谓一致错误在写作中经常出现。
本文将分析常见的主谓一致错误,并提供相应的解决方法。
一、单复数不一致单复数不一致是主谓一致错误中最常见的一种情况。
在句子中,主语如果是单数形式,那么动词也应该是单数形式;如果主语是复数形式,那么动词应该是复数形式。
例如,下面的句子中出现了单复数不一致的错误:1. The students is studying for their exams.(正确形式:The students are studying for their exams.)解决方法:为了解决单复数不一致的问题,我们需要仔细注意主语的单复数形式,并相应调整动词的单复数形式。
这要求我们对常见的名词单复数形式有所了解,可以通过背诵或查阅相关资料来加强记忆。
二、代词的一致性错误代词的一致性错误也是主谓一致错误的常见表现形式。
在句子中,代词必须与其指代的名词在人称和数上保持一致。
例如,下面的句子中出现了代词一致性错误:1. Each of the students should bring their own textbooks.(正确形式:Each of the students should bring his or her own textbook.)解决方法:为了解决代词的一致性错误,我们可以使用通用代词,如“his or her”来代替不确定性别的名词。
另一种解决方法是重写句子,避免使用不确定性别的代词。
三、连接词引起的主谓一致错误倒装句和引导从句的连接词也经常导致主谓一致错误的出现。
例如,下面的句子中出现了倒装句引起的主谓一致错误:1. Only after the rainstorm were the children allowed to play outside.(正确形式:Only after the rainstorm were the children allowed to play outside.)解决方法:为了避免倒装句或从句引起的主谓一致错误,我们需要注意句子结构的正确性。
主谓一致的规则及例句分析
主谓一致的规则及例句分析主谓一致是英语语法中一个重要的准则。
它要求主语和谓语在人称和数方面保持一致。
具体而言,当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;而当主语是复数时,则应使用复数形式。
本文将对主谓一致的规则进行详细讲解,并通过例句来进一步分析。
一、基本规则主谓一致的基本规则是,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:1. She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)2. He goes to school every day.(他每天去上学。
)3. The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)另外,当主语为第一人称(I)、第二人称(you)或复数形式时,谓语动词也要保持一致。
例如:1. We are going to the park.(我们要去公园。
)2. You need to study harder.(你需要更加努力学习。
)3. They enjoy listening to music.(他们喜欢听音乐。
)二、特殊情况在某些特殊情况下,主谓一致的规则可能会有所变化。
下面将介绍其中几种常见的情况。
1. 带有复数意义的名词:有些名词本身是复数形式,但表示一个整体概念时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
例如:The United States is a developed country.(美国是一个发达国家。
)My glasses need cleaning.(我的眼镜需要清洗。
)2. 连接词and:当连词and连接两个主语时,如果主语是同一个人或物,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果主语是不同的人或物,则谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.(汤姆和杰里是一部著名的卡通片。
)My father and I are going to the movies.(我爸爸和我要去看电影。
)3. 具有共同身份的单数名词:一些单数名词,尽管在形式上是单数,但表示一类事物时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。
主谓一致的原则
主谓一致的原则主谓一致是英语语法中的基本原则之一,指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主谓一致的正确运用能够使句子表达更加准确,符合语言规范。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的原则,并通过一些例子来加深理解。
一、基本原则在英语句子中,主语和谓语之间必须保持一致,具体包括以下几个方面:1. 人称一致:主语是第一人称(I、we)、第二人称(you)或第三人称(he、she、it、they)时,谓语动词的形式必须与之一致。
例如:- I am a student.(我是一名学生。
)- He sings beautifully.(他唱得很美。
)2. 数一致:主语是单数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用单数;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用复数。
例如:- The dog barks loudly.(这只狗叫得很大声。
)- The birds are chirping.(鸟儿正在鸣叫。
)3. 特殊情况:有些特殊情况下,主谓一致的原则会有一些变化。
例如:- 不定代词:somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等当作主语时,谓语动词形式使用第三人称单数形式。
例如:Nobody wants to go with me.(没有人想和我一起去。
)- 连接词:and连接的主语,如果表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称单数形式;如果表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称复数形式。
例如:Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.(汤姆和杰瑞是一部著名的卡通片。
)The boys and girls are playing in the park.(男孩和女孩们正在公园里玩耍。
)二、例题分析为了更好地理解主谓一致原则,以下通过一些例题来进行详细分析。
例题1:The team _____ working on the project.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"the team",是单数形式,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用单数,填入be的单数形式"is",句子变为:"The team is working on the project."例题2:He and his friends _____ going to the concert.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"he and his friends",表示多个人,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用复数,填入be的复数形式"are",句子变为:"He and his friends are going to the concert."例题3:One of the students _____ the exam.(fail)在这个例句中,主语是"one of the students",表示多个学生中的一个,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用第三人称单数,填入fail的第三人称单数形式"fails",句子变为:"One of the students fails the exam."三、常见错误在使用主谓一致时,常见的错误包括以下几种:1. 混淆主谓的人称和数:主语与谓语之间的人称和数要保持一致,不可以混淆。
主谓一致与主语与谓语部分一致
主谓一致与主语与谓语部分一致主谓一致是语法中的一个重要原则,指主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主语与谓语部分一致是指主语与谓语在形式上要保持一致。
在英语语法中,这两个概念是密切相关的,我们在学习和使用英语时必须注意它们的正确运用。
本文将从理论角度和实际例子出发,详细探讨主谓一致与主语与谓语部分一致的规则和应用。
首先,我们来看一下主谓一致的基本规则。
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
例如:- He speaks English fluently. (主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式)当主语是第三人称复数时,谓语动词则要用第三人称复数形式。
例如:- They speak English fluently. (主语是第三人称复数,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式)此外,在某些特殊情况下,谓语动词与主语保持一致,而不是按照上述规则进行变化。
例如:- The police are investigating the case. (谓语动词与主语保持一致,不受第三人称单数形式的影响)接下来,我们来讨论主语与谓语部分一致的规则。
在英语语法中,主语与谓语部分一致是指主语与谓语的其他成分在形式上要保持一致。
具体来说,主语与谓语的时态、语态、情态动词以及助动词等要一致。
例如:时态一致:- He is studying English.(主语与谓语的时态都是现在进行时)语态一致:- The paper was written by Tom.(主语与谓语的语态都是被动语态)情态动词一致:- You should study harder.(主语与谓语的情态动词都是“should”)助动词一致:- You have been working hard.(主语与谓语的助动词都是“have been”)此外,主语与谓语在人称和数上也要保持一致。
例如:- I am going to the party.(主语与谓语的人称都是第一人称,数都是单数)综上所述,主谓一致与主语与谓语部分一致是英语语法中的重要原则。
主谓一致
主谓一致Agreement Between Subject and PredicateZhao Defu主谓一致是指英语句子中主语和谓语在人称和数方面的一致,主要有三个原则,即:语法一致的原则、意义一致的原则、邻近一致的原则。
这里仅对一些常见、重要的一致关系作一归纳分析。
一.复数主语用单数动词的情况(1)表示国家、城市、人名、书名、报纸、杂志及组织等专有名词作主语,通常作为整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. The United States lies in North America.The Arabian Nights is an interesting story-book.The New York Times is read all over the United States.(2)以-ics结尾表示学科名称的名词作主语,谓语常用单数。
这类名词有physics, politics, mathematics, economics等。
以-s结尾的名词news, plastics, works, means等同属此类。
e.g. Politics is now taught in all schools.Plastics is a kind of matter.Every means has been tried.(3)表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词作主语,通常看作一个整体,谓语用单数。
e.g. Two hours is not enough for this work.Eighty miles is quite a long distance.Five pounds is quite enough .Thirty-eight years is not a long time .(4)引号中的词若作为整体看待,作主语时,谓语用单数。
e.g. “Bikes” is the plural of “bike”. “Bikes”是bike的复数形式。
初中英语语法:主谓一致
初中英语语法(主谓一致)主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。
主谓一致要遵循三条原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
一、复习要点:1.语法一致的原则:语法一致的原则就是指主语和谓语动词保持语法形式上的一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
⑴单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句用作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
主语为复数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:His father works for a computer company. 他的父亲在一家电脑公司工作。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。
What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的话对我们大家都很重要。
⑵由连词and或both… and连接的并列主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如:New York and Boston are American cities. 纽约和波士顿是美国城市。
Both she and her sister like drawing pictures. 她和她的姐姐都喜欢画画⑶由―a… and a half, more than one +名词‖―one and a half + 名词‖, 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点构成的主语,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 自从我见到他,已经过去一个半月了。
动词的种类和主谓一致.分析
动词的种类和主谓一致张兵一、动词的种类:动词可以分为连系动词、助动词、情态动词和实义动词四类。
1、连系动词亦称系动词。
系动词本身有意义,如:be(是), keep(保持),remain(停留、保持),stay(保持),seem(似乎、看起来),look(看起来), appear(表现的), feel(感觉起来), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), become(变得), grow(变得), turn(变得), get(变得), go(变得)等等,连系动词+表语(名词、形容词、不定式、介词短语或者句子等)一起构成句子的谓语,也称系表结构,主要用于说明主语的身份、状况、性质、特征等。
He is a teacher.He always keeps silent at meeting.He looks tired.He seems (to be)tired.He became mad after that.His aim is to be a successful man.His backpack is on the sofa.His achievement is that he overcame all the enemy in this match.2、助动词:本身没有意义,不能独立作谓语,在句中和行为动词或者连系动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气、疑问、否定等。
(1)、助动词be“助动词be+现在分词”构成进行时态。
They are boating on the lake.“助动词be+过去分词”构成被动语态。
The book was written by Lu Xun.“助动词be+going to +动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事。
I am going to take a plane to Hong Kong next week.(2)、助动词dodo/does 帮助构成一般现在时态的否定句和疑问句。
语法中常见的主谓不一致错误和主谓一致的解决方法和主谓一致在复杂句中的错误分析
语法中常见的主谓不一致错误和主谓一致的解决方法和主谓一致在复杂句中的错误分析语法中常见的主谓不一致错误和主谓一致的解决方法及主谓一致在复杂句中的错误分析主谓一致是语法中一个非常重要的概念,用来指明句子中主语与动词之间的一致关系。
然而,在实际写作中,我们常常会犯主谓不一致的错误。
本文将介绍主谓不一致的常见错误,并提供解决方法,同时还会分析主谓一致在复杂句中的错误用法。
一、主谓不一致的常见错误主谓不一致错误指的是主语与动词在人称、数或时态上不一致,从而导致了句子的语法错误。
以下是一些常见的主谓不一致错误:1. 人称不一致:当主语为第三人称单数时,动词应该使用第三人称单数形式,例如:错误:Tom and Jerry is going to the party.(主谓人称不一致)正确:Tom and Jerry are going to the party.2. 数不一致:主谓需在数上保持一致,即单数主语配以单数动词,复数主语配以复数动词,例如:错误:The book that I borrowed were interesting.(主谓数不一致)正确:The book that I borrowed was interesting.3. 时态不一致:主谓需在时态上保持一致,即一般现在时主语配以一般现在时动词,一般过去时主语配以一般过去时动词,例如:错误:She will go to the concert yesterday.(主谓时态不一致)正确:She went to the concert yesterday.二、主谓一致的解决方法为了避免主谓不一致错误,我们可以采取以下几种解决方法:1. 仔细把握主语和谓语动词之间的一致性。
在写作中,我们需要确保主语和谓语动词在人称、数以及时态上保持一致。
2. 确定复杂主语的一致形式。
当主语是由多个部分组成时,我们需要根据最靠近动词的部分来确定一致形式。
例如:错误:The cup on the table, along with the plates, need to be washed.(部分主语需要复数动词)正确:The cup on the table, along with the plates, needs to be washed.3. 注意连接词的影响。
高中英语_主谓一致教学设计学情分析教材分析课后反思
主谓一致教学设计一、教材分析:主谓一致在英语教学中占据重要地位,它是英语中最主要的语法之一,掌握好主谓一致,对学生们的阅读能力和理解能力有着极大的帮助。
二、学情分析:教学对象为高中一年级学生,对于学习英语语法存在惧怕心理,很难作为课堂活动的主体主动参与教师所设计的课堂活动。
因此,单纯的枯燥乏味的语法知识的讲解难以获得良好的教学效果,在主谓一致的讲解中积极设置语境、注重对学生语用意识和情感意识的培养尤为重要。
另外,本班学生学习水平良莠不齐,在教学活动的设计过程中应兼顾各个层次的学生,使他们学有所获。
三、教学目标:知识与技能:1. 学生能够了解主谓一致的使用规则2. 学生能够在日常学习及交往中根据主谓一直原则恰当表达。
3. 情感、态度与价值观:学生能够逐步了解主谓一致的用法并能恰当使用,培养学生对英语学习的兴趣。
四、教学重点:主谓一致的概念、规则。
五、教学难点:个体一致、语法一致、就远原则、就近原则。
六、教学方法:提问、小组活动七、教学手段:多媒体和学生学习支持材料八、教学过程:Step1: Leading-in1. What he said and what he did (be) different.What parents say and do (have) a life-long effect on their children.2. A number of new books (be) on the desk.The number of students in your class (be) 50.Step 2: Self-learning and pairwork1. Go though the grammar on P10 in the workbook.2. Discuss any problems in pairs or groups.Step 3: Explanation and improvement㈠就近一致(2点)1. )Here the bus. (come)2. )There some pens and a knife on the desk. (be)3. )There a knife and some pens on the desk. (be)1. )Neither the students nor the teacher _______ (know) anything about it2. )He or you (have) taken my pen.3. )Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.A. amB. isC. areD. was㈡语法一致原则(5点)1. 主语+with ( together with, along with, other than as well as, besides, except, but, like …)+n. /pron. 结构中,谓语与主语一致(就远原则)1.)Interest, as well as prospects(发展前景)____ important when one looks for a job.A. areB. wereC. isD. was2.)The students with their teacher (come) into the classroom together.2. 单一概念的不定式,动名词或从句作主语,谓语动词用单数1.) Serving the people (be) my great happiness.2.) It (be) important to learn English well.3.) When and where we will go hasn’t been decided.*当what引导的句子做主语,若后面是“be +名词/形容词”的结构时,谓语随名词变化。
主谓一致原则与常见错误分析
主谓一致原则与常见错误分析主谓一致是语法中一个重要的原则,指的是在句子中主语与谓语动词在人称(第一、第二、第三)和数(单数、复数)上保持一致。
正确的主谓一致使用可以使句子更加清晰、准确、易于理解。
然而,由于语法的复杂性和人们对语言的理解程度不同,主谓一致错误在日常交流和写作中时常出现。
本文旨在介绍主谓一致的原则以及常见的错误,并提供纠正方法。
一、主谓一致的原则主谓一致要求主语与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。
具体规则如下:1. 单数主语使用单数谓语动词,复数主语使用复数谓语动词。
例如:- The cat is sleeping.(单数主语,单数谓语动词)- The cats are sleeping.(复数主语,复数谓语动词)2. 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需要在一般现在时态中加上-s或-es。
例如:- He eats an apple every day.(第三人称单数主语,谓语动词加-s) - She goes to school by bus.(第三人称单数主语,谓语动词加-es)3. 使用集体名词作为主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于说话者对集体名词的理解是否为整体。
例如:- The team is practicing.(整体理解,单数谓语动词)- The team are arguing.(分散理解,复数谓语动词)4. 合成主语(由and连接的多个主语)通常使用复数谓语动词。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are friends.(合成主语,复数谓语动词)二、常见的主谓一致错误及其纠正尽管主谓一致原则相对简单,但在实际应用中常出现以下错误:1. 将不可数名词作为复数看待错误:The information are useful.(不可数名词作为复数)正确:The information is useful.2. 主谓一致错误错误:She have a car.(第三人称单数主语,谓语动词错误)正确:She has a car.3. 合成主语错误错误:Mary and John is coming.(合成主语,谓语动词错误)正确:Mary and John are coming.4. 集体名词错误错误:The committee is disagree.(整体理解,不可数形式动词错误)正确:The committee is disagreeing.(整体理解,可数形式动词)三、注意事项1. 特殊情况下,主谓一致原则可能会受到其他语法规则的影响。
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
高中英语:主谓一致知识总结归纳一、概念:主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。
这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。
二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。
(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。
. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。
1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家,②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:①My brother and I have both seen that film.②Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
例:①The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.②War and peace is a constant theme in history..③One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤Law and order has been established.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
2023年初中英语语法之主谓一致考点难点分析讲义
2023年初中英语语法之主谓一致考点难点分析讲义英语备考:主谓一致问题1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如:The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。
如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
如:The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。
高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致
高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词的形式应该保持一致,而主谓不一致则是指主语和谓语动词的形式不一致。
正确使用主谓一致是写作中的一个关键要素,它能够帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思,避免句子混乱和歧义。
本文将详细讨论高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致的规则和常见错误,并提供一些实例帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些规则。
一、主谓一致的规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致当主语是单数时,谓语动词应使用单数形式。
例如:- The cat runs in the garden.(这只猫在花园里跑。
)- She plays tennis every week.(她每周打网球。
)2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致当主语是复数时,谓语动词应使用复数形式。
例如:- The cats run in the garden.(这些猫在花园里跑。
)- They play tennis every week.(他们每周打网球。
)3. 不可数名词与单数谓语动词一致不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式。
例如:- Happiness is important in life.(幸福对于生活来说很重要。
)- Water is essential for survival.(水对于生存是必不可少的。
)4. 以复数形式出现的名词作为单数主语时,谓语动词仍然使用单数形式以复数形式出现的名词(如news、physics、mathematics等)作为主语时,谓语动词的形式仍然使用单数。
例如:- The news is shocking.(这则新闻令人震惊。
)- Physics is my favorite subject.(物理是我最喜欢的科目。
)5. 以there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数应与跟在其后的主语一致以there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数形式应与跟在其后的主语一致。
例如:- There is a cat in the garden.(花园里有一只猫。
语文语法知识总结主谓一致成分分析
语文语法知识总结主谓一致成分分析中文语法是语文学习的重要组成部分,其中主谓一致是一项基本的语法规则。
正确使用主谓一致,对于改进写作和表达思想非常重要。
本文将对主谓一致的成分进行详细分析和总结。
一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指主语和谓语之间在人称和数上保持一致。
也就是说,当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语动词则要用复数形式。
主谓一致还包括在人称上的一致,即第一人称主语与第一人称谓语,第二人称主语与第二人称谓语,第三人称主语与第三人称谓语之间的一致。
二、主谓一致的人称一致情况1. 第一人称主谓一致:- 单数主语:我喜欢跑步。
- 复数主语:我们喜欢跑步。
2. 第二人称主谓一致:- 单数主语:你喜欢跑步。
- 复数主语:你们喜欢跑步。
3. 第三人称主谓一致:- 单数主语:他喜欢跑步。
- 复数主语:他们喜欢跑步。
三、主谓一致的数的一致情况1. 单数主语:- 他跑步。
- 她爱好读书。
2. 复数主语:- 他们跑步。
- 她们爱好读书。
四、主谓一致的特殊情况1. 不定代词的主谓一致:- 复数不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:有些人喜欢看电影。
- 当不定代词"everyone"、"someone"、"nobody"作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:Everyone likes ice cream.2. 连接词的主谓一致:- 当主语由"either...or"或"neither...nor"连接时,谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语保持一致。
例如:Neither the dog nor the cats are at home.3. 集体名词的主谓一致:- 集体名词在特定语境中可以当作单数,谓语动词则用单数形式。
例如:The team is playing well.- 集体名词在特定语境中也可以当作复数,谓语动词则用复数形式。
主谓一致讲解及练习附答案
主谓一致【考纲说明】1〕掌握主谓一致三大原那么:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原那么2〕学会分析句式,排除干扰,分清主谓,明了句子的主谓关系3〕本专题以单项选择、单词拼写和词形转换的考察为主,分值为1—2分。
【知识梳理】一、定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三条原那么:语法一致原那么,意义一致原那么和就近一致原那么。
二、语法一致原那么概念:即在谓语和主语在语法形式上取得一致。
如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
但须注意以下几种情况:1〕以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开场吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。
Reading is learning. 读书就是学习。
What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。
【注意】:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。
但假设表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列构造〞时,主句的谓语动词用复数。
What I bought is three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。
What I say and do are helpful for you. 我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。
2〕由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。
John and Ann are good friends. 约翰和安都是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students。
.露西和莉莉都是学生。
【注意】:由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every,every …and (every)…,each …and (each)…,no …and (no)…,或many a ,many a …and(many a)…,more than one, 修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致高考考点分析
1. The rich ___a_r_e____(be) to help the poor. 2. The Greens ____ar_e_____(be) going to London.
考点二: 表示一类人、物的the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等和the+姓氏 复数 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
题组训练
Are 1. _________(be) either you or he fit for the job? 2. Not you but I ___a_m______(be) responsible for thisA. re 3. _________(be) not only the students but also their teacher required to attend the meeting.
remains用于"遗体"意义时,随后的动词通常作 复数:
His remains __li_e_____ in the churchyard.
The martyr's remains __w_e_r_e__ buried at the foot of the hill. 但作"遗迹"或"剩余物"解释时,可作复数或单数 用: The remains of the meal _w_a_s_/_w_e_r_efed to the dog.
knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词 用单数。用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个 人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复 数。
思考: 1. Air as well as water is
空气和水都是物质。
英语中主谓一致全解析
主谓一致汉语中没有谓语动词的变化,所以主谓一致也是困扰英语学习者的一大难题。
主谓一致的考察在改错及语法填空中比较多。
在作文方面也起着至关重要的作用,用错会导致文章质量大幅下降。
一概念:主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的形式。
1)与人称保持一致eg. You are friendly and I am friendly, too. But he is very rude.2) 与数保持一致①意义一致原则三大原则②形式一致原则③邻近一致原则二意义一致原则(必须分析主语是单数还是复数,可数还是不可数,走进句子语境去判断)1)有and 连接的主语,要准确判断是否为同一人、同一物、一个整体eg. This bread and butter is too thick.eg. Your colleague and former college friend is coming to our home tomorrow.eg. Thete is a knife and fork on the table.eg. The singer and the dancer is talking over there.表示整体概念的还有:a cart and horse, the needle and thread, a cup and saucer, cause and effect, supply and demand, pen and ink 等等2)非谓语动词或者名词性从句做主语,往往表示一种抽象的概念eg. Driving cars is not easy.eg. To say something is one thing, to do is another.练一练:What caused the fire and how much the lost was still unknown. (be)3)表时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词,要从语境看是强调整体还是强调一个个的个eg. The minutes is enough.There are ten minute left.练一练:A survey shows that three hours of outdoor exercise good for our health.(be)4)集体名词做主语时,要判断是作为一个整体,还指群体中的个体常见集体名词:family, class, team, police, government, enemy, population, majority, public, audienceeg. The population of Jiangsu has grown to more than twice what it was in 1949.eg. My family is a large one.eg. My family are all very kind.练一练:Our enemy strong.(be)5)cattle, poultry 等做主语时,用复数。
主谓一致中的特殊情况分析
主谓一致中的特殊情况分析主谓一致是语法中的一个重要概念,指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
然而,在实际语言运用中,有些特殊情况会导致主谓一致出现一些变化。
本文将针对这些特殊情况进行详细分析和讨论。
1. 存在双主语或复合主语的情况句子中有两个或更多的主语时,主谓一致的原则是取决于与谓语动词最近的主语。
例如:- My brother and I always go hiking on weekends.(我的兄弟和我每个周末都去远足。
)在这个例子中,谓语动词"go"与最近的主语"I"一致,因此用单数形式"go"。
2. 存在连接词“or”或“nor”的情况当主语之间用连接词“or”或“nor”连接时,谓语动词的单复数形式应取决于离它最近的主语。
如果最近的主语为单数,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果最近的主语为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:- Neither the cat nor the dogs are allowed on the couch.(无论是猫还是狗都不许上沙发。
)谓语动词"are"与最近的主语"dogs"一致,用复数形式。
3. 存在连接词“either...or”或“neither...nor”的情况当主语之间使用“either...or”或“neither...nor”进行连接时,谓语动词的单复数形式应根据前面的主语决定。
例如:- Neither the students nor the teacher is happy with the test result.(学生和老师都对考试结果不满意。
)谓语动词"is"与最近的主语"teacher"一致,用单数形式。
4. 单数主语后面跟有“as well as”、“in addition to”或“along with”等介词短语的情况当单数主语后面跟有“as well as”、“in addition to”或“along with”等介词短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应根据主语而定。
句子的主谓一致和并列成分分析
句子的主谓一致和并列成分分析句子是语言交流的基本单位,而句子的主谓一致和并列成分分析是语文学习中非常重要的一部分。
学生在学习语文的过程中,需要掌握句子的基本结构和语法规则,特别是主谓一致和并列成分的正确运用,以确保句子的准确表达和语言的流畅性。
本课件教案将重点讲解句子的主谓一致和并列成分分析的相关知识,并结合实例进行详细解析,帮助学生理解和掌握这一知识点。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
简单来说,如果主语是单数,谓语动词也要用单数形式;如果主语是复数,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
1. 基本规则主谓一致的基本规则是:主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式;主语是第一人称或第二人称,谓语动词要用相应的形式。
例如:- 他喜欢看书。
(主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式)- 我们喜欢运动。
(主语是第一人称复数,谓语动词用第一人称复数形式)2. 特殊情况有些特殊情况需要注意:a. 带有“和”、“与”、“同”等连词连接的并列主语,谓语动词的形式与最靠近的主语保持一致。
例如:- 张三和李四喜欢打篮球。
(主语是“张三和李四”,谓语动词用第三人称复数形式)b. 当主语是由“每”、“任何”、“所有”等词修饰的复数名词时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
例如:- 每个学生都要遵守校规。
(主语是“每个学生”,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式)二、并列成分分析并列成分是指句子中并列的两个或多个成分在语法结构上相同,起到同等关系的作用。
在句子中,可以通过逗号、分号、顿号或者连词等来连接并列成分。
1. 并列主语并列主语是指句子中两个或多个并列的主语,它们在句子中起到同等关系的作用。
例如:- 小明和小红都是优秀的学生。
(并列主语是“小明和小红”)2. 并列谓语并列谓语是指句子中两个或多个并列的谓语动词,它们在句子中起到同等关系的作用。
例如:- 他喜欢唱歌,跳舞,画画。
(并列谓语是“喜欢唱歌,跳舞,画画”)3. 并列宾语并列宾语是指句子中两个或多个并列的宾语,它们在句子中起到同等关系的作用。
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Subject-Verb Agreement(主谓一致)Observe the following sentences. What can you conclude?1. Two hours is enough for us to finish the experiment.40 kilometers is a long distance for him to get there on foot.Ten dollars is too cheap for this pair of shoes.2. The writer and the professor come from Australia.The singer and dancer is to attend our party.3. The people in the city are very friendly.The police are searching for the murderer.The cattle are grazing (吃草) near the river.4. The steel works was built in the 1950s.Great Expectations is a book written by Charles Dickens.Physics is my favorite subject.Ever since the Second World War United States has been Japan's principal trade partner.5. My family has moved into the new house.My family enjoy sports and games.The committee was made up of 10 members.The committee were having dinner.6. The shoes were too big for his feet.The trousers are worn.My glasses are broken by my daughter.The scissors look very lovely.7. The rich are for the plan, but the poor against.The departed was a good friend of his.8. Seventy percent of the youth support the program.Two thirds of the money has been used up.9. Every boy in the class was invited to the party.Only we ourselves could help us, no man stands up for our rights.Many a student is against her suggestion.More than one way has been tried to stop noise pollution.10. A large quantity of water has been polluted.A large quantity of books were burnt in the fireLarge quantities of water have been polluted.A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year.Large amounts of water are wasted every day.11. To see is to believe.Reading in the sun does harm to our eyes.Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.12. You or he has taken my dictionary.Either he or you are not telling the truth.Not only the kids but also the father likes cartoons.13. His brothers as well as his mother are very kind to me.He, like you and Tom, is very clever.Nobody but three students is in the classroom.Our school, with some few schools, was built in the 1950s.14. Someone is waiting for you at the school gate.Nobody wants to go there.Neither of the stories is interesting.Either of them is interested in English.Each of us has an English dictionary.We each have an English dictionary.Choose the best answer.1.Listening to loud music at rock concerts ____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A. isB. areC. hasD. have2. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ____ at the culture show of the 2010Shanghai World Expo.A. are being exhibitedB. are exhibitingC. is being exhibitedD. is exhibiting3. A poet and artist ____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and paintingtomorrow.A. areB. isC. wasD. were4. It is reported that many a new house ____ at present in the disaster area.A. are being builtB. were being builtC. was being builtD. is being built5. As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area ____.A. need to repairB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need repairing6. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ____ rising steadily since1990.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been7. Twenty minutes ____ I can spare to talk over this matter with you.A. is allB. is thatC. are allD. are that8. Either you or one of your students ____ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. areB. isC. haveD. be9. —Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ____invited.A. wereB. have beenC. has beenD. was10. The teacher together with the students ____ discussing Reading Skills that ____ newly published in America.A. are; wereB. is; wereC. is; wasD. are; was11. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ____ evening dress.A. wearB. wearsC. was wornD. have worn12. The students in our class each ____ an English-Chinese dictionary.A. haveB. hasC. hadD. are having13. ____ of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.A. A great quantityB. large quantitiesC. A large amountD. A number14. No one in the department but David and I ____ that the director is going to resign.A. am to knowB. knowC. have knownD. knows15. A survey of the opinions of experts ____ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ good for one’s health.A. show; areB. shows; isC. show; isD. shows; are16. Most representatives were in favor of his proposal that a special committee ____ to investigate the incident.A. was set upB. is set upC. be set upD. should set upCorrect the mistakes in the following sentences.1. Hurry up. We must get there before the sun set.2. Mathematics are the science of numbers.3. The number of people who travel by plane in China are larger than ever before.4. Many a ship have been damaged in the storm.5. One of the books is written in Chinese, and the rest is in English.6. Each boy want to join the football club.7. Ten years are a short time in a person’s life.8. Neither you nor I are fit for the work.9. Mr. Green, along with his wife and children, have come to China.10. There are a girl and two boys playing on the ground.11. Every means have been tried, but we still can’t bring the fire under control.12. Not only I but also Jane and Mary is tired of having one examination after another.13. What he said at the meeting were very important to us.14. Two thirds of the work are finished.15. He is the only one of my friends who are working hard.快速找茬The number of the students who learns English are increasing rapidly,for English together with Chinese and French play an important role in our daily life.Not only reading and writing but also speaking,in my opinion ,are to be paid attention to .Many a girl are learning English harder and harder while more than one boy who believe Maths are more important prefer to work hard in Maths.Whether it is a wise decision depend on your choice.。