2018年英语六级阅读理解试题及答案
2018年12月英语六级考试阅读理解真题及答案
2018年12月英语六级考试阅读理解真题及答案2018年12月英语六级考试结束了，考生们可以来对下答案哦!小编为您带来《2018年12月英语六级考试阅读理解真题及答案》，一起来看看吧!希望给您带来帮助!更多精彩内容尽在本网，请关注!2018年12月英语六级考试阅读理解真题及答案卷一第一篇选词填空 AIFJB GKMDEIn what is probably the craziest headline I have ever written，actual advances in livestock protection are happening by scientists painting eyes on the butts of cows。
The experiment is based upon the idea that farmers who are protecting their herd from lions， would shoot and kill lions in the efforts to protect their livestock。
While this makes a lot of sense， it resulting in many lion deaths that otherwise would have been unnecessary。
Researchers in Australia have been devising and testing a method of trickery to make lions think they are being watched by stamping eyes on cow butts。
This idea is based on the principle that lions and other predators are far less likely to attack when they feel they are being watched。
2018年12月大学英语六级阅读试卷解析
2018年12月大学英语六级阅读试卷解析Section BResilience Is About How You recharge, Not How You Endure[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with(继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher — more resilient（有复原力的）and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misunderstanding of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery —whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones — is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5PM, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort to work that it impairs other important life areas.”[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority ofAmerican workers, including those who read HBR, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3AM to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience. And the bad habits we learn when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Mustering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. This is called upregulation. It also exacerbates exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, that your brain will naturally recover, such that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times where you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel ex hausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing. Stopping does not equal recovering.[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the workday or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the workdays, and during w eekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get riled up by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unpludded to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends —not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phrase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowed space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents 答案：D解析：考察同义替换【D】The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery — whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones — is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.答案：J解析：考察同义替换【J】If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the workday or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the workdays, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get riled up by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mentalarousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency答案：L解析：考查原词+同义替换【L】In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends —not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.答案：A解析：考察原词定位【A】As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with(继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working答案：E解析：考察同义替换【E】And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5PM, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort to work that it impairs other important life areas.”41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.答案：K解析：考查同义替换[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unpludded to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5hours a day.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.答案：I解析：考查同义替换与概括总结[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, that your brain will naturally recover, such that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. Bu t surely everyone reading this has had times where you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s beca use rest and recovery are not the same thing. Stopping does not equal recovering.43.The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.答案：B解析：考查同义替换加概括总结[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher — more resilient（有复原力的）and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misunderstanding of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.44 People s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.答案：G解析：考查同义替换与概括总结[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3AM to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience. And the bad habits we learn when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.45 People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：C解析：考查同义替换[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be.However, thisentire conception is scientifically inaccurate.Section CPassage2Q51-55On Jan. 9, 2007, 10 years ago today, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone" —a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majority of American adults and are increasingly common across the globe.As smartphones have proliferated, so have questions about their impact on how we live and how we work. Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted, leaving more subtle topics for concerned discussion: Are smartphones disturbing children's sleep? Is an inability to get away from work having a negative impact on health? And what are the implications for privacy?But today, on the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, let's take a moment to consider a less obvious advantage: the potential for smartphone technology to revolutionize behavioral science. That's because, for the first time in human history, a large proportion of the species is in continuous contact with technology that can record key features of an individual's behavior and environment. To quote a recent article published in Perspectives in Psychological Science: "Psychology has a great deal of data on what people believe they do... but little data on what people actually do."Researchers have already begun to use smartphones in social scientific research, either to query people regularly as they engage in their normal lives or to record activity using the device's built-in sensors. These studies are confirming, challenging and extending what's been found using more traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively short and artificial laboratory-based tasks.To illustrate the use of smartphone-based data collection, consider a forthcoming study that combined queries embedded in everyday life with sensor data to paint a more accurate picture of how mood is affected by a person's location. The data for the study came from more than 12,000 members of the general public who downloaded a free Android app to participate in the research. Twice during the day, they were prompted to report their mood and location, with location information additionally collected from the phone's location sensors. Using both kinds of location data, the study found that people reported significantly more positive moods in locations that typically involve social interactions (such as a caféor friend's house) than at home, and more positive moods at home than at work.Other studies have used sensor data to draw more subtle kinds of inferences. For instance, a study published in 2015 followed 48 students over the course of a 10-week school term. Using a combination of location, activity and audio sensors, the researchers could infer students' patterns of class attendance, study time, physical activity and socializing. These variables, in turn, predicted student GPA with surprisingly high accuracy. Another 2015 study used mobile phones to track 40 adult participants over a two-week period. Using patterns of movement and phone usage, the researchers were able to identify behaviors that predicted symptoms of depression.These studies are just first steps. As more data are collected and methods for analysis improve, researchers will be in a better position to identify how different experiences, behaviors and environments relate to each other and evolve over time, with the potential to improve people's productivity and wellbeing in a variety of domains. Beyond revealing population-wide patterns, the right combination of data and analysis can also help individuals identify unique characteristics of their own behavior, including conditions that could indicate the need for some form of intervention — such as an uptick in behaviors that signal a period of depression.Smartphone-based data collection comes at an opportune time in the evolution of psychological science. Today, the field is in transition, moving away from a focus on laboratory studies with undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations studied with more diverse groups of people. Smartphones offer new tools for achieving these ambitions, offering rich data about everyday behaviors in a variety of contexts.So here's another way in which smartphones might transform the way we live and work: by offering insights into human psychology and behavior and, thus, supporting smarter social science.51. What does the author say about the negative impact of smartphones?A. It has been overshadowed by the positive impact.B. It has more often than not been taken for granted.C. It is not so obvious but has caused some concern.D. It is subtle but should by no means be overstated.答案：C解析：通过题干定位至第三段，由Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted, leaving more subtle topics for concerned discussion可知，C 选项，消极的影响没有优点那么明显但是已经导致一些令人忧虑的问题，符合原文。
2018年12月英语六级阅读真题答案X匹配
2018年12月英语六级阅读真题答案(X匹配)来源: 文都教育2018年大学六级考试已结束, 对于阅读部分, 今年的匹配题相对而言比较常规。
在解题策略上, 文章比较长, 信息量也非常庞大, 但大部分的关键信息依然源于段首句与段末句, 文都四六级辅导老师将英语六级阅读真题答案与大家分享。
【六级匹配题真题】Resilience Is About How Y ou Recharge, Not How You Endure[A]A.constan.traveler.an.parent.o..2-year-old.w.sometime.fantasiz.abou.ho.muc.wor.w.ca.d.whe.on .o.u.get.o..plane.undistracte.b.phones.friends.an.Findin.Nemo.W.rac.t.ge.al.ou.groun.wor.done.pac st-minut.wor.call.callin.eac.other.the.boardin.th.plane.Then.whe.w.tr. t.hav.tha.amazin.wor.sessio.i.flight.w.ge.nothin.done.Eve.worse.afte.refreshin.ou.emai.o.readin.th. n.t.soldie.o.wit.th.email.tha.hav.inevitabl.stil.pile. up.[B].We’r.jus.sittin.ther.doin.nothing.Wh.can’.w.b.toughe..mor.resilien.an.determine.i.ou.wor..s.w.ca.acco .t.realiz.tha.th.proble.i.no. e.fro..misunderstandin.o.wha.i.mean.t.b.resilie nt.an.th.resultin.impac.o.overworking.[C]itaristic.“tough.approac.t.resilienc.an.grit.W.imagin..Marin.sloggin.throug.th.mud..boxe.goin.on.mor.roun d.o..footbal.playe.pickin.himsel.u.of.th.tur.fo.on.mor.play.W.believ.tha.th.longe.w.toug.i.out.th.tou 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n.I.als.exacerbate.exhaustion.Thu.th.mor.imbalance.w.becom.du.t.overworking.th.mor.valu.ther.i.i. activitie.tha.allo.u.t.retur.t..stat.o.balance.Th.valu.o..recover.perio.rise.i.proportio.t.th.amoun.o.wor .[I]S.ho.d.w.recove.an.buil.resilience.Mos.peopl.assum.tha.i.yo.sto.doin..tas.lik.answerin.email.o.w te.i.th.da.o.th.nex.morning.y ou’l.hav.you.energ.back.Bu.surel.everyon.readin.thi.ha.ha.time.wher.yo.li.i.be.fo.hours.unabl.t.fal.asle e.becaus.you.brai.i.thinkin.abou.work.I.yo.li.i.be.fo.eigh.hours.yo.ma.hav.rested.bu.yo.ca.stil.fee.e xhauste.th.nex.day.That’.becaus.res.an.recover.ar.no.th.sam.thing.Stoppin.doe.no.equa.recovering.[J.I.you’r.tryin.t.buil.resilienc.a.work.yo.nee.adequat.interna.an.externa.recover.periods.A.researcher.Zijlstr a.Crople.an.Rydsted.writ.i.thei.201.paper.“Interna.recover.refer.t.th.shorte.period.o.relaxatio.tha.tak.plac.withi.th.frame.o.th.workda.o.th.w or.settin.i.th.for.o.shor.schedule.o.unschedule.breaks.b.shiftin.attentio.o.changin.t.othe.wor.task.wh e.th.menta.o.physica.resource.require.fo.th.initia.tas.ar.temporaril.deplete.o.exhausted.Externa.rec over.refer.t.action.tha.tak.plac.outsid.o.work—e.g.i.th.fre.tim.betwee.th.workdays.an.durin.weekends.holiday.o.vacations..I.afte.wor.yo.li.aroun.o mentar.o.you.phon.o.ge.stresse.thinkin.abou.decision.abou.ho.t.r enovat.you.home.you.brai.ha.no.receive..brea.fro.hig.menta.arousa.states.Ou.brain.nee..res.a.muc.a.ou.bodie.do.[K]I.yo.reall.wan.t.buil.resilience.yo.ca.star.b.strategicall.stopping.Giv.yoursel.th.resource.t.b.toug.b.creatin.interna.an.externa.recover.periods.I.he.upcomin.boo.Th.Futur.o.Happiness.base.o.he.wor.a.Yal.Busines.School.Am.Blankso.describe.ho.t.strategicall.sto.durin.th.da.in.technolog.t.contr o.overworking.Sh.suggest.downloadin.th.Instan.o.Momen.app.t.se.ho.man.time.yo.tur.o.you.phon.eac.day.Th.averag.perso.turn.o.thei.phon.15.time.ever.day.I.ever.distractio.too.onl..minut.(whic.wo ul.b.seriousl.optimistic).tha.woul.accoun.fo.2..hour.o.ever.day.[L].app.lik.Offtim.o.Unplugge.t.creat.tec.fre.zone.b.strategicall.schedulin.automati.airplan .modes.I.addition.yo.ca.tak..cognitiv.brea.ever.9.minute.t.recharg.you.batteries.Tr.t.no.hav.lunc.a.y ou.desk.bu.instea.spen.tim.outsid.o.wit.you.friend..no.talkin.abou.work.Tak.al.o.you.pai.tim.off.w hic.no.onl.give.yo.recover.periods.bu.raise.you.productivit.an.likelihoo.o.promotion.[M].we’in.ou.plan.tim.a..work-fre.zone.an.thu.tim.t.di.int.th.recover.phase.Th.result.hav.bee.fant uall.tire.alread.b.th.tim.w.ge.o..plane.an.th.crampe.spac.an.spott.interne.connectio.ma k.wor.mor.challenging.Now.instea.o.swimmin.upstream.w.relax.meditate.sleep.watc.movies.journ al.o.liste.t.entertainin.podcasts.An.whe.w.ge.of.th.plane.instea.o.bein.depleted.w.fee.rejuvenate.an. read.t.retur.t.th.performanc.zone.【六级匹配题参考答案】36.It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents答案：D解析: D段第二句“Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems.”能与题干进行同义替换。
【7A版】2018年12月六级仔细阅读真题及解析(卷二)
PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.YoumayhaveheardthatCoca-Colaoncecontainedaningredientcapableofsparkingpar ticulardevotioninconsumers:cocaine.The“coca”inthename referredtotheeGtractsofcocal eafthatthedrinksoriginator,chemistJohnPemberton,miGedwithhissugarysyrup(姜汁).Atthetime,cocaleafeGtractmiGedwithwinewasacommontonic(滋补品),andPemberton’ssweetbrewwasawaytogetaroundlocallawsprohibitingthesaleofalco hol.Buttheotherhalfofthenamerepresentsanotheringredient，lessinfamous(名声不好的),perhaps,butalsostrangelypotent:thekolanut.InWestAfrica,peoplehavelongchewedkolanutsasstimulants,becausetheycontaincaf feinethatalsooccursnaturallyintea,coffee,andchocolate.Theyalsohaveheartstimulants.HistorianPaulLovejoyrelatesthatthecultivationofkolanutsinWestAfricaishundredso fyearsold.Theleafy,spreadingtreeswereplantedongravesandaspartoftraditionalrituals.E venthoughthenuts,whichneedtostaymoist,canbesomewhatdelicatetotransport,traderscar riedthemhundredsofmilesthroughouttheforestsandgrasslands.Europeansdidnotknowofthemuntilthe1500s,whenPortugueseshipsarrivedonthecoa stofwhatisnowSierraLeone.AndwhilethePortuguesetookpartinthetrade,ferryingnutsdo wnthecoastalongwithothergoods,by1620,whenEnglisheGplorerRichardJobsonmadehis wayuptheGambia,thenutswerestillpeculiartohiseyes.Bythelate19thcentury,kolanutswerebeingshippedbythetonnetoEuropeandtheUS.M anymadetheirwayintomedicines,intendedasakindofenergyboost.Onesuchpopularmedic inaldrinkwasVinMariani,aFrenchproductconsistingofcocaeGtractmiGedwithredwine.It wascreatedbyaFrenchchemist,AngeloMariani,in1863.SowhenPembertoncreatedhisdri nk,itrepresentedanongoingtrend.Whencocaineeventuallyfellfromgraceasabeverageingr edient,kola-eGtractcolasbecamepopular.Thefirstyearitwasavailable,Coca-ColaaveragednineservingsadayacrossalltheAtlan tasodafountainswhereitwassold.Asitgrewmorepopular,thecompanysoldrightstobottleth esoda,soitcouldtraveleasily.Todayabout1.9billionCokesarepurchaseddaily.It’sbecomes oiconicthatattemptstochangeitstastein1985—sweeteningitinamoveprojectedtoboostsal es—proveddisastrous,withwidespreadangerfromconsumers.“Coca-ColaClassic”，returnedtostoreshelvesjustthreemonthsafterthe“NewCoke”wasreleased.Thesedays,theCoca-Colarecipeisacloselyguardedsecret.Butit’ssaidtonolongerc ont ainkolanuteGtract,relyinginsteadonartificialimitationstoachievetheflavour.你可能听说可口可乐曾经含有一种能够使消费者“死忠”的成分：可卡因。
2018年12月大学英语六级真题解析(仔细阅读卷二)
2018年12月份大学英语六级仔细阅读译文及详细解析（卷二）Section CPassage One全文翻译及命题分析也许是时候让农场主们歇歇脚了，因为机器人正被用来监测庄稼生长、拔除杂草，甚至放牧。
商业种植面积及其广袤，需要数千工时来耕作。
澳大利亚最偏远的苏坡杰克·唐斯（Suplejack Downs）牛场就是一个典型的例子。
它位于北部地区，绵延4000平方公里，距离最近的主要城市艾丽丝泉（Alice Springs）逾13个小时车程。
这些大规模农场极度偏远，往往无人照料，每年只能监测一两次，这意味着如果牲畜生病或需要援助，农场主可能需要很长时间才能发现。
然而，机器人正前来救援。
机器人目前正在威尔士进行为期两年的试验，该试验将训练“农场机器人”放牧，监测牲畜的健康，并确保有足够的牧场供它们放牧。
这些机器人配备了许多传感器来识别环境、牛群以及食物的状况，使用热传感器和视觉传感器来探测体温的变化。
悉尼大学的萨拉·苏卡黎(Salah Sukarieh)将在新南威尔士州中部的几个农场进行试验，他说：“你还可以用颜色、质地和形状传感器检测地面上的牧草质量。
”在试验期间，将对机器人的算法和技术性细节进行微调，使其更适合生病的牲畜，并确保它能够安全地绕过树木、淤泥、沼泽和丘陵等潜在障碍区。
苏卡黎说:“我们希望改善牲畜的健康品质，并让农场主更容易维护牲畜在广阔的草场上信步由缰的壮观景象。
”机器人并不局限于放牧和监控牲畜，他们还被用来统计单果数量，检查农作物，甚至拔除杂草。
许多机器人配备有高科技传感器和复杂的学习算法，以避免它们在与人类并肩工作时伤害人类。
机器人还知晓最高效、最安全的通行方式，使工程师和农场主能够分析和更好地优化机器人的属性和任务，并提供现场直播，实时反馈农场上正在发生的事情。
当然，农业工人担心其岗位被取代。
然而，由于劳动力空缺的不断加剧，大规模生产难以维持，正是农场主们在力推技术进步。
2018年12月英语六级阅读真题答案第一套
2018年12月英语六级阅读真题答案（完整版）26. A advances27. I otherwise28. F devising29. J predators30. B boundaries31. G elsewhere32. K primarily33. M spotted34. D currently35.E determine2018年12月英语六级选词填空答案：26. A advances27. I otherwise28. F devising29. J predators30. B boundaries31. G elsewhere32. K primarily33. M spotted34. D currently35. E determine2018年12月英语六级选词填空答案解析：26. A advances解析：空格所在句子大意为：在我听到的可能是最疯狂的一个新闻标题里，家畜保护方面真正的政在发生。
从语法上判断这里应该填入一个名词，被形容词actual修饰，另外从语义上判断，advances 表示进步，也符合上下文语境。
27. I otherwise解析：空格所在的句子的含义为：尽管这有一些道理，但是它却导致许多狮子死亡，而这些死亡是不必要的。
从语法上判断这里应该填入副词，另外从语义上判断otherwise表示“要不然”符合上下文语境。
28. F devising解析：空格所在的句子的含义为：澳大利亚的研究人员在和测试一种欺骗的方法。
从语法上判断本空格应该填入一个现在分词和testing构成并列，另外从语义上判断devising表示设计，填入本空格符合上下文语境。
29. J predators解析：空格所在的句子的含义为：狮子和其他的不太可能会攻击，当它们感觉他们被监视的时候。
从语法上判断本空格应该填入一个名词，另外从语义上判断predators表示捕食性动物，填入本空格符合上下文语境。
卓顶精文2018年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案
2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Likemostpeople,I’velongunderstoodthatIwillbejudgedbymyoccupation,thatmyprofessionisagau gepeopleusetoseehowsmartortalentedIam.Recently,however,Iwasdisappointedtoseethatitalsodecid eshowI’mtreatedasaperson.LastyearIleftaprofessionalpositionasasmall-townreporterandtookajobwaitingtables.Assomeo nepaidtoservefoodtopeople.IhadcustomerssayanddothingstomeIsuspectthey’dneversayordototheirmo stcasualacquaintances.Onenightamantalkingonhiscellphonewavedmeaway,then beckoned(示意)mebackwithhisfingerminutelater,complaininghewasreadytoorderandaskingwhereI’dbeen.Ihadwaitedtablesduringsummersincollegeandwastreatedlikea peon(勤杂工)plentyofpeople.Butat19yearsold,IbelievedIdeservedinferiortreatmentfromprofessionaladults .Besides,peoplerespondedtomedifferentlyafterItoldthemIwasincollege.Customerswouldjokethaton edayI’dbesittingattheirtable,waitingtobeserved.OnceIgraduatedItookajobatacommunitynewspaper.Frommyfirstday,Iheardarespectfultonefromev eryonewhocalledme.Iassumedthiswasthewaytheprofessionalworldworked—cordially.Isoonfoundoutdifferently.Isatseveralfeetawayfromanadvertisingsalesrepresentativewithasi milarname.OurcallswouldoftengetmixedupandsomeoneaskingforKristenwouldbetransferredtoChristi e.Themistakewasimmediatelyevident.Perhapsitwasbecausemoneywasinvolved,butpeopleusedatonewit hKristenthattheyneverusedwithme.Myjobtitlemadepeopletreatmewithcourtesy.Soitwasashocktoreturntotherestaurantindustry.It’snosecretthatthere’salottoputupwithwhenwaitingtables,andfortunately,muchofitcanbeeasi lyforgottenwhenyoupocketthetips.Theserviceindustry,bydefinition,existstocatertoothers’needs. Still,itseemedthatmanyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant.I’mnowapplyingtograduatedschool,whichmeanssomedayI’llreturntoaprofessionwherepeopleneedt obenicetomeinordertogetwhattheywant,IthinkI’lltakethemtodinnerfirst,andseehowtheytreatsomeon ewhoseonlyjobistoservethem.52.Theauthorwasdisappointedtofindthat_______.[A]one’spositionisusedasagaugetomeasureone’sintelligence[B]talentedpeoplelikehershouldfailtogetarespectablejob[C]one’soccupationaffectsthewayoneistreatedasaperson[D]professionalstendtolookdownuponmanualworkers53.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosaybytheexampleinthesecondparagraph?[A]Somecustomerssimplyshownorespecttothosewhoservethem.[B]Peopleabsorbedinaphoneconversationtendtobeabsent-minded.[C]Waitressesareoftentreatedbycustomersascasualacquaintances.[D]Somecustomersliketomakeloudcomplaintsfornoreasonatall.54.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingtablesattheageof19?[A]Shefeltitunfairtobetreatedasamereservantbyprofessional.[B]Shefeltbadlyhurtwhenhercustomersregardedherasapeon.[C]Shewasembarrassedeachtimehercustomersjokedwithher.[D]Shefounditnaturalforprofessionalstotreatherasinferior.55.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“…manyofmycustomersdidn’tgetthedifferencebetweenserverandservant”(Lines3-4,Para.7)?[A]Thosewhocatertoothers’needsaredestinedtobelookeddownupon.[B]Thoseworkingintheserviceindustryshouldn’tbetreatedasservants.[C]Thoseservingothershavetoputupwithroughtreatmenttoearnaliving.[D]Themajorityofcustomerstendtolookonaservantasservernowadays.56.Theauthorsaysshe’llonedaytakeherclientstodinnerinorderto________.[A]seewhatkindofpersontheyare[B]experiencethefeelingofbeingserved[C]showhergenerositytowardspeopleinferiortoher[D]arousetheirsympathyforpeoplelivingahumblelifePassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.What’shotfor2019amongtheveryrich?A$7.3milliondiamondring.AtriptoTanzaniatohuntwildanima ls.Oh,andincomeinequality.Sure,someleftishbillionaireslikeGeorgeSoroshavebeenrailingagainstincomeinequalityforye ars.Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestaringtoworryaboutincomeinequality andthefateofthemiddleclass.InDecember,MortimerZuckermanwroteacolumninU.S.News&WorldReport,whichheowns.“ournation’s corebargainwiththemiddleclassisdisintegrating,”lamented(哀叹)the117th-richestmaninAmerica.“Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheinco meladder.Averageincomeforahouseholdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinaraw .”Henotedthat“TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankr uptcy.”WilburRossJr.hasechoedZuckerman’sangeroverthebitterstrugglesfacedbymiddle-classAmerican s.“It’sanoutragethatanyAmerican’slifeexpectancyshouldbeshortenedsimplybecausethecompanytheyw orkedforwentbankruptandendedhealth-carecoverage,”saidtheformerchairmanoftheInternationalSte elGroup.What’shappening?TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandp olicy.GiventherecentchangeofcontrolinCongress,thepopularityofmeasureslikeincreasingtheminim umwage,andeffortsbyCalifornia’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare,theseguysdon’tneedtheirown personalweathermentoknowwhichwaythewindblows.It’spossiblethat plutocrats(有钱有势的人)areexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesf rom confiscatory(没收性的)taxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkee pplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegr ationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomea ndeconomicinsecurity.Inotherwords,ifmiddle-classAmericanscontinuetostrugglefinanciallyastheultrawealthygrow everwealthier,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttomaintainpoliticalsupportforthefreeflowofgoods, services,andcapitalacrossborders.AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninve storsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.Forpeoplewhobuyandsellcompa nies,orwhoallocatecapitaltomarketsallaroundtheworld,that’stherealnightmare.57.WhatisthecurrenttopicofcommoninterestamongtheveryrichinAmerica?[A]Thefateoftheultrawealthypeople.[B]Thedisintegrationofthemiddleclass.[C]Theinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.[D]Theconflictbetweentheleftandtherightwing.58.WhatdowelearnfromMortimerZuckerman’slamentation?[A]Manymiddle-incomefamilieshavefailedtomakeabargainforbetterwelfare.[B]TheAmericaneconomicsystemhascausedcompaniestogobankrupt.[C]TheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth.[D]ThemajorityofAmericansbenefitlittlefromthenation’sgrowingwealth.59.Fromthefifthparagraphwecanlearnthat________.[A]theveryricharefashion-conscious[B]theveryricharepoliticallysensitive[C]universalhealthcareistobeimplementedthroughoutAmerica[D]Congresshasgainedpopularitybyincreasingtheminimumwage60.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?[A]Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.[B]Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributesmosttosociety.[C]Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.[D]Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.61.WhatmayhappeniftheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods?[A]Thepricesofimportedgoodswillinevitablysoarbeyondcontrol.[B]Theinvestorswillhavetomakegreateffortstore-allocatecapital.[C]Thewealthywillattempttobuyforeigncompaniesacrossborders.[D].Foreigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.阅读SectionB52COne’soccupationaffectsthewayoneistreatedasaperson.53ASomecustomerssimplyshownorespecttothosewhoservethem.54DShefounditnaturalforprofessionalstotreatherasinferior.55BThoseworkingintheserviceindustryshouldn’tbetreatedasservants.56ASeewhatkindofpersontheyare.57CTheinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.58CTheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth59BTheveryricharepoliticallysensitive.60CTheywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomics’integration.61DForeigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.。
2018年12月英语六级考试阅读1-2套卷答案
2018年12月英语六级考试阅读1-2套卷答案选词填空AIFJB GKMDEIn what is probably the craziest headline I have ever written，actual advances in livestock protection are happening by scientists painting eyes on the butts of cows。
The experiment is based upon the idea that farmers who are protecting their herd from lions，would shoot and kill lions in the efforts to protect their livestock。
While this makes a lot of sense，it resulting in many lion deaths that otherwise would have been unnecessary。
Researchers in Australia have been devising and testing a method of trickery to make lions think they are being watched by stamping eyes on cow butts。
This idea is based on the principle that lions and other predators are far less likely to attack when they feel they are being watched。
As conservation areas become smaller，lions are increasingly coming into contact with human populations，which are expanding to the boundaries of these protected areas。
2018年英语六级阅读理解-1附答案
2018年英语六级阅读理解-1附答案因考试政策、内容不断变化与调整，下面是给大家提供的阅读理解范文供参考，以下是小编给大家整理2018年英语六级阅读理解-1，希望可以帮到大家eBayeBay is a global phenomenon-the world's largest garage sale, online shopping center, car dealer and auction site with 147 million registered users in 30 countries as of March 2005. You can find everything from encyclopedias to olives to snow boots to stereos to airplanes for sale. And if you stumble on it before the eBay overseers do, you might even find a human kidney or a virtual date.eBay BasicseBay is, first and foremost. an online auction site. You can browse through categories like Antiques, Boats, Clothing & Accessories, Computers & Networking,Jewelry & Watches and Video Games. When you see something you like, you click on the auction title and view the details, including pictures, descriptions,payment options and shipping information.If you place a bid on an item,you enter a contractual agreement to buy it if you win the auction. All auctions have minimum starting bids, and some have a reserve price-a secret minimum amount the seller is willing to accept for the item. If the bidding doesn't reach the reserve price, the seller doesn't have to partwith the item. In addition to auctions, you can find tons of fixed-price items on eBay that make shopping there just like shopping at any other online marketplace. You see what you like, you buy it, you pay for it and you wait for it to arrive at your door.You can pay for an item on eBay using a variety of methods, including money order, cashier's check, cash, personal check and electronic payment services like PayPal and BidPay. It's up to each seller to decide whichpayment methods he'll accept.Just as you can buy almost anything on eBay, you can sell almost anything, too. Using a simple listing process, you can put all of the junk in your basement up for sale to the highest bidder. When you sell an item on eBay,you pay listing fees and turn over a percentage of the final sale price to eBay.Once you register (for free) with eBay, you can access all of your eBay buying and selling activities in asingle location called "My eBay."eBay InfrastructureA series of service disruptions in 1999 caused real problems for eBay's business. Over the course of threedays, overloaded servers intermittently shut down, meaning users couldn't check auctions, place bids or complete transactions during that period. Buyers, sellers and eBay were very unhappy, and a complete restructuring of eBay's technological architecture Followed.In 1999, eBay was one massive database server and a few separate systems running the search function. In 2005, eBay is about 200 database servers and 20 search servers.The architecture is a type of grid computing that allows for both error correction and growth. With the exception of the search function, everything about eBay can actually run on approximately 50 servers-Web servers,application servers and data-storage systems. Each server has between 6 and 12 microprocessors. These50 0r so servers run separately, but they talk to each other,so everybody knows if there is a problem somewhere. eBay can simply add servers to the grid as the need arises.While the majority of the site can run on 50 servers,eBay has four times that.The 200 servers are housed in sets of 50 in four locations,all in the United States. When you're using eBay, you may be talking to anyone of those locations at any time-they all store the same data. If one ofthe systems crashes. there are three others to pick up the slack.When you're on the eBay Web site and you click on a listing for a Persian rug, your computer talks to Web servers, which talk to application servers, which pull data from storage servers so you can find out what the latest bid price is and how much time is left in the auction. eBay has local partners in many countries who deliver eBay's static data to cut down on download time, and there are monitoring systems in 45 cities around the world that constantly scan for problems in the network.Using eBay: SecurityIn order to make buyers feel safer when making purchases on eBay, all tangible (有形的) items are automatically insured for $200. A recipe that was supposed to be delivered to you via e-mail is not considered a tangible item.But if you purchased a set of speakers that never arrived, and you go through the dispute process and eBay determines you were defrauded (欺骗)， you can get your money back up to $200.Buyer FraudBuyer fraud is typically less damaging than seller fraud. The most common type of fraud a buyer can commitis simply not paying for an item. Sellers can deal with non-paying bidders by filing an Unpaid Item dispute. eBay will then attempt to contact the buyer and get her to pay. If she does not respond to eBay's attempts after eight days, the seller is reimbursed(赔偿) for eBay's cut of the final sale price and can relistthe item for free. If the buyer does respond, the dispute can end in one of three ways:The buyer decides to pay, and everybody's happy.The buyer and the seller decide together to abandon the transaction,the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free,and everybody's happy.The seller decides noe to deal with the buyer, the buyer gets anunpaiditem strike against her, and the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free.In the end, the damage to the seller is relatively small. Another type of buyer fraud occurs when a buyer sends false payment. In most cases,this is in the form of a bounced check, and the seller finds out about it before shipping the item. Bounced checks are as common on eBay as they are in the rest of the world, and many sellers choose not to accept personal checks for this reason.Seller FraudSeller fraud is what most people think about when they worry about using eBay. There are two main ways in which a buyer can be defrauded by a seller: The item the buyer purchased is dramatically different from how it was described in the listing; or the item simply never arrives.One thing to keep in mind when you think you've been defrauded is that miscommunication is common on eBay.For instance, if you didn't read every word of the auction listing for your item, you may have missed the part that said the seller would be out of town for three weeks and wouldn't be able to ship the item untilshe returned. This could be why you don't have your item and the seller isn't answering your e-mails. Also,e-mail is not the most straightforward form of communication. If your item hasn't arrived after two weeks, and you've e-mailed the seller but haven't heard back, it's a good idea to check your junk mail folder. Your seller may have sent a response e-mail that just never made it to your inbox. If there's nothing fromthe seller in your junk folder, you can request that eBay reveal your seller's phone number so you can give him a call and see what's going on.If you don't get an answer to your phone call (or if your seller lives in another country and it would cost too much money to call), your next step is to start the dispute process. When a buyer believes he has beendefrauded, he can file a complaint, and eBay will work to solve the problem. When you file a complaint in eBay's "Item Not Received or Significantly Not as Described" system,eBay will act as middleman between you and your seller to try to settle the dis pute. lf that fails, you can file a claim to get reimbursed for your purchase.1. Which of the following may be banned by eBay overseers?A) Virtual dates.B) Any over-priced products.C) Priceless antiques.D) Rare animals for pets.2.Sellers have the right to refuse the deal if the offer is lower tban__________________.A) the minimum starting bidB) the reserve priceC) the average market priceD) the wholesale cost3.PayPal and BidPay are special names for_____________________.A) money ordersB) cashier's checksC) personal checksD) electronic payment services4.On eBay, you buy or sell an item at______________________.A) My AccountB) My MarketC) My StoreD) My eBay5.At present, each of eBay's server is equippedwith_______________microprocessors.A) 200B) about 50C) 6 to 12D) 206.When you click on a listing on the eBay Web site,your computer first com municates to______________.A) search serversB) Web serversC) application serversD) storage servers7.A recipe is not considered tangible item if________________.A) it is delivered later than the contracted timeB) it never arrives at your placeC) it is delivered to the buyer through e-mailD) it costs less than the market price8.Sellers may contact eBay and apply for an Unpaid Item dispute against__________________.9.Many sellers tend to refuse personal checks for fearof___________________.10.During the dispute process between the seller and the buyer, eBay plays the role of_____________.答案：1.[A][定位]根据题干中的eBay overseers定位至首段末句。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(三)含答案和解析
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷（三）作文1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Importance of Building Trust Between Teachers and StudentsThere is no denying that trust is an indispensable part of pleasant relationship between teachers and students. A renowned saying goes that trust is a priceless treasure and plays an important role in maintaining social harmony. If a student distrusts his teacher, he is very likely to lose interest in the subject. Therefore, it is imperative to build trust between teachers and students.First of a ll, with mutual trust, students’ motivation to learn will be greatly enhanced. When students have faith in the teacher and what he or she imparts, they will put all their energies into study to acquire knowledge and pursue excellence. Undoubtedly, this will surely benefitstudents themselves. Second, teachers will be actively encouraged if students trust them, for students’ credibility will give them a sense of achievement in teaching career. Besides, teachers will care more about students’ studies and deve lopment, which is a win-win result for both of them.Tolstoy, a Russian writer, once said, \解析：这是一篇议论文写作。
2018年6月大学英语六级阅读真题
2018年6月大学英语六级阅读真题2018年上半年全国大学英语四六级考试于6月16日已顺利完成考试工作，无忧考网为你带来第一手四六级考试资讯。
以下为英语六级阅读真题：Part ⅢReading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks。
You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage。
Read the passage through carefully before making your choices。
Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter。
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre。
You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once。
Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb，”the eternal nursery rhyme （儿歌）about girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb？This is still disputed，but it’s clear that thewoman 26 for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 。
2018年6月英语六级阅读理解-6
2018年6月英语六级阅读理解-6神童Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe.I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. It is very clear, he told me. They were all Jews(犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. ”says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World WarⅡ, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music schoolbecause ______ .A. it would allow them access to a better life in the WestB. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talentC, they want their children to enter professional fieldsD. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country2.Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that______ .A. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellenceB. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full developmentC. encourage people to compete with each otherD. promise talented children high positions3.Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to______ .A. all-round development.B. the learning of Western musicC. strict training of childrenD. variety in academic studies4. Which of the following options helps show music geniusto the passage?A. A natural gift.B. Extensive knowledge of music.C. Very early training.D. prejudice - free society.5.Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A. Jewish Contribution to Music.B. Training of Musicians in the WorldC. Music and SocietyD. The Making of Prodigies1.[A] 原文首段后一句提到，所有犹太人父母的梦想就是让孩子上音乐学校，由because引导的从句解释了原因，即因为这是通往西方世界的通行证。
2018年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第1套)
Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on ho w to balance workand leisure. You should write at least 150 words but no mor e than 200 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustch oose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then m ark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It can benefit professionals and non-professionals alike.B) It lists the various challenges physicists arc confronting.C) It describes how some mysteries of physics were solved.D) It is one of the most fascinating physics books ever written.2. A）physicists' contribution to humanity.B) Stories about some female physicists.C) Historical evolution of modern physics.D) Women's changing attitudes to physics.3. A) By exposing a lot of myths in physics.B) By describing her own life experiences.C) By including lots of fascinating knowledge.D) By telling anecdotes about famous professors.4. A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of physics.B) It contains a lot of thought-provoking questions.C) It demonstrates how they can become physicists.D) It provides experiments they can do themselves.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) He is too busy to finish his assignment in time.B) He does not know what kind of topic to write on.C) He does not understand the professor's instructions.D) He has no idea how to proceed with his dissertation.6. A) It is too broad.B) It is a bit outdated.C) It is challenging.D) It is interesting.7. A) Biography.B) Nature.C) Philosophy.D)Beauty.8. A)Improve his cumulative grade.B) Develop his reading ability.C) Stick to the topic assigned.D) List the parameters first.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each pas sage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questio ns will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the b est answer fromthe four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corres ponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) The unprecedented high temperature in Greenland.B) The collapse of ice on the northern tip of Greenland.C) The unusual cold spell in the Arctic area in October.D) The rapid change of Arctic temperature within a day.10. A) It has created a totally new climate pattern.B) It will pose a serious threat to many species.C) It typically appears about once every ten years.D) It has puzzled the climate scientists for decades.11. A) Extinction of Arctic wildlife.B) Iceless summers in the Arctic.C) Emigration of indigenous people.D) Better understanding of ecosystems.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) A good start.B) A detailed plan.C) A strong determination.D) A scientific approach.13. A) Most people get energized after a sufficient rest.B) Most people tend to have a finite source of energy.C) It is vital to take breaks between demanding mental tasks.D) It is most important to have confidence in one's willpower.14. A) They could keep on working longer.B) They could do more challenging tasks.C) They found it easier to focus on work at hand.D) They held more positive attitudes toward life.15. A) They are part of their nature.B) They are subject to change.C) They are related to culture.D) They are beyond control.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks f ollowedby three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. Af ter you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choic es marked A, B, C andD. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Shee t 1 with a single line throughthe centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) About half of current jobs might be automated.B) The jobs of doctors and lawyers would be threatened.C) The job market is becoming somewhat unpredictable.D) Machine learning would prove disruptive by 2013.17. A) They are widely applicable for massive open online courses.B) They are now being used by numerous high school teachers.C) They could read as many as 10, 000 essays in a single minute.D) They could grade high-school essays just like human teachers18. A) It needs instructions throughout the process.B) It does poorly on frequent, high-volume tasks.C) It has to rely on huge amounts of previous data.D) It is slow when it comes to tracking novel things.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) The engineering problems with solar power.B) The generation of steam with the latest technology.C) The importance of exploring new energy sources.D) The theoretical aspects of sustainable energy.20. A) Drive trains with solar energy.B) Upgrade the city's train facilities.C) Build a new ten-kilometre railway line.D) Cut down the city's energy consumption21. A) Build a tank for keeping calcium oxide.B) Find a new material for storing energy.C) Recover super-heated steam.D) Collect carbon dioxide gas.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) The lack of supervision by both the national and local governments.B) The impact of the current economic crisis at home and abroad.C) The poor management of day centres and home help services.D) The poor relation between national health and social care services.23. A) It was mainly provided by voluntary services.B) It mainly caters to the needs of the privileged.C) It called for a sufficient number of volunteers.D) It has deteriorated over the past sixty years.24. A) Their longer lifespans.B) Fewer home helpers available.C) Their preference for private services.D) More of them suffering serious illnesses.25. A) They are unable to pay for health services.B) They have long been discriminated against.C) They are vulnerable to illnesses and diseases.D) They have contributed a great deal to society.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the co rresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throught he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Just off the coast of Southern California sits Santa Cruz Island, where a magi cal creature calledthe island fox __26__. A decade ago, this island's ecosyst em was in __27__ Wild pigsattracted golden eagles from the mainland, and t hose flying __28__ crashed the fox population. So the Nature Conservancy la unched a __29__ war against the pigs, completewith helicopters and sharp sh ooters.And it worked. Today, federal agencies are pulling the island fox from the End angered SpeciesList. It's the fastest-ever recovery of a mammal, joining pe ers like the Louisiana black bear as glowing successes in the history of the En dangered Species Act.But the recovery of Santa Cruz Island isn't just about the fox. The Nature Co nservancy has __30__ war on a multitude of invasive species here, from sh eep to plants to the __31__ Argentine ant."Our philosophy with the island has always been, 'OK,__32__ the threats andlet the island go back to what it was," says ecologist Christina Boser. And it appears to beworking. Native plants are coining back, and the fox once again bounds about carefree.But keeping those foxes from harm will occupy Boser and her colleagues for years to come. Yousee, humans are still allowed on Santa Cruz Island, and th ey bring dogs. So Boser has to vaccinate her foxes against various diseases. "We're obligated to keep a pulse on the population for at least five years afte r the foxes are delisted," says Boser. That includestagging the foxes and __33 __ their numbers to ensure nothing goes wrong.This is the story of the little fox that has come back, and the people who have __34__ theirlives to protecting it. This is the story of wildlife conservation i n the age of mass __35__.A) aggressive B) chaos C) configuration D) declared E) dedicated F) dwel ls G) extinction H) fierce I) hinders J) mammal K) monitoring L) predators M ) remove N) tempt O) underlyingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen ts attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the pa ragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You m ay choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a lette r. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.Do Parents Invade Children's Privacy When They Post Photos Online?A) When Katlyn Burbidge's son was 6 years old, he was performing some ridi culous song anddance typical of a first-grader. But after she snapped a phot o and started using her phone, heasked her a serious question:"Are you going to post that online?" She laughed and answered,"Yes, I think I will." What he said next stopped her. "Can you not?"B) That's when it dawned on her: She had been posting photos of him online without asking his permission."We're big advocates of bodily autonomy and not forcing him to hug or kissp eople unless he wants to, but it never occurred to me that I should ask his pe rmission to postphotos of him online," says Burbidge, a mom of two in Wake field, Massachusetts."Now when Ipost a photo of him online, I show him the photo and get his oka y. "C) When her 8-month-old is 3 or 4 years old, she plans to start asking him in an age-appropriate way,"Do you want other people to see this?" That’s precisely the approach thattwo researchers advocated before a room of pediatricians （儿科医生）last week at the AmericanAcademy of Pediatrics meeting, when they discusse d the 21st century challenge of "sharenting", a new term for parents' online sharing about their children."As advocates ofchildren's rights, we believe that children should have a voice about what information is sharedabout them if possible", says Stacey Steinbe rg, a legal skills professor at the University ofFlorida Levin College of Law in Gainesville.D) Whether it's ensuring that your child isn't bullied over something you post, that their identity isn't digitally "kidnapped", or that their photos don't end u p on a half dozen childpornography (色情） sites, as one Australian mom discovered, parents and pediatricians areinc reasingly aware of the importance of protecting children's digital presence. S teinberg andBahareh Keith, an assistant professor of pediatrics at the Univer sity of Florida College ofMedicine, say most children will likely never experienc e problems related to what their parentsshare, but a tension still exists bet ween parents' rights to share their experiences and theirchildren's rights to pr ivacy.E) "We're in no way trying to silence parents, voices," Steinberg says."At the same time, we recognize that children might have an interest in enter ing adulthood free to create their owndigital footprint."They cited a study presented earlier this year of 249 pairs of parents and the irchildren in which twice as many children as parents wanted rules on what pa rents could share. "The parents said,‘We don't need rules-we're fine,’ and the children said,‘Our parents needrules,’ Keith says."The children wanted autonomy about this issue and were worried aboutthei r parents sharing information about them. "F) Although the American Academy of Pediatrics offers guidelines recommendi ng that parentsmodel appropriate social media use for their children, it doe s not explicitly discussoversharing by parents."I think this is a very legitimate concern, and I appreciate theirdrawing our a ttention to it", David Hill, a father of five, says. He sees a role for pediatrician s totalk with parents about this，but believes the messaging must extend far beyond pediatricians, offices. "I look forward to seeing researchers expand our understanding of the issue so we cantranslate it into effective education and policy," he says.G) There's been little research on the topic, Steinberg wrote in a law article a bout this issue. While states could pass laws related to sharing information about children online, Steinbergfeels parents themselves are generally best s uited to make these decisions for their families."While we didn't want to create any unnecessary panic, we did find some concerns that weretroublesome, and we thought that parents or at least physici ans should be aware of those potential risks," Steinberg says. They include p hotos repurposed for inappropriate or illegal means, identity theft, embarr assment, bullying by peers or digital kidnapping.H) But that's the negative side, with risks that must be balanced against the benefits ofsharing. Steinberg pointed out that parental sharing on social med ia helps build communities, connect spread-out families, provide support and raise awareness around important social issues for which parents might be their children's only voice.I) A C. S. Mott survey found among the 56 percent of mothers and 34 percen t of fathers whodiscussed parenting on social media,72 percent of them said sharing made them feel lessalone, and nearly as man y said sharing helped them worry less and gave them advice fromother paren ts. The most common topics they discussed included kids' sleep, nutrition, di scipline, behavior problems and day care and preschool.J)"There's this peer-to-peer nature of health care these days with a profound opportunity for parents to learn helpful tips, safety and prevention efforts, pro-vaccine messages and allkinds of other messages from other parents in t heir social communities", says Wendy SueSwanson, a pediatrician and exec utive director of digital health at Seattle Children’s Hospital, where she blog s about her own parenting journey to help other parents."They're gettingnurtured by people they've already selected that they trust." she says.K)"How do we weigh the risks, how do we think about the benefits, and how do we alleviate the risks?" she says."Those are the questions we need to ask ourselves, and everyone can havea different answer."L) Some parents find the best route for them is not to share at all. Bridget O' Hanlon and herhusband, who live in Cleveland, decided before their daughter was born that they would notpost her photos online. When a few family mem bers did post pictures, O'Hanlon and herhusband made their wishes clear. "It's been hard not to share pictures of her because peoplealways want to kno w how babies and toddlers (学走路的孩子）are doing and to see pictures, butwe made the decision to have social medi a while she did not," O'Hanlon said. Similarly, AlisonJamison of New York deci ded with her husband that their child had a right to their own online identity. They did use an invitation-only photo sharing platform so that friends and f amily, including those far away, could see the photos, but they stood firm, si mply refusing to put theirchild's photos on other social media platforms.M)"For most families, it's a journey. Sometimes it goes wrong, but most of the ti me it doesn't," says Swanson, who recommends starting to ask children permission to pos t narratives orphotos around ages 6 to 8."We'll learn more and more what our tolerance is. We can ask ourkids to hel p us learn as a society what's okay and what's not. "N) Indeed, that learning process goes both ways. Bria Dunham, a mother in S omerville, Massachusetts, was so excited to watch a moment of brotherly bon ding while her first-graderand baby took a bath together that she snapped a f ew photos. But when she considered postingthem online, she took the persp ective of her son: How would he feel if his classmates, parentssaw photos of him chest-up in the bathtub?"It made me think about how I'm teaching him tohave ownership of his own body and how what is shared today endures into the future," Dunham says. "So I kept the pictures to myself and accepted this as one more step insuppor ting his increasing autonomy. "36. Steinberg argued parental sharing online can be beneficial.37. According to an expert, when children reach school age, they can help the ir parents learnwhat can and cannot be done.38. One mother refrained from posting her son’s photos online when she cons idered the matterfrom her son's perspective.39. According to a study, more children than parents think there should be rul es on parents'sharing.40. Katlyn Burbidge had never realized she had to ask her son's approval to put his photosonline.41. A mother decided not to post her son's photo online when he asked her n ot to.42. A woman pediatrician tries to help other parents by sharing her own pare nting experience.43. There are people who decide simply not to share their children's photos o nline.44. Parents and physicians should realize sharing information online about chi ldren may involve risks.45. Parents who share their parenting experiences may find themselves intru ding into theirchildren's privacy.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s ome questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho ices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Perhaps it is time for farmers to put their feet up now that robots are used to inspect crops, dig up weeds, and even have become shepherds, too. Comme rcial growing fields areastronomically huge and take thousands of man-hours to operate. One prime example is oneof Australia's most isolated cattle sta tions, Suplejack Downs in the Northern Territory, extending across 4,000 squ are kilometers, taking over 13 hours to reach by car from thenearest major to wn—Alice Springs.The extreme isolation of these massive farms leaves them often unattended , and monitoredonly once or twice a year, which means if the livestock falls i ll or requires assistance, it can bea long time for farmers to discover.However, robots are coming to the rescue.Robots are currently under a two-year trial in Wales which will train 'farmbot s' to herd, monitorthe health of livestock, and make sure there is enough p asture for them to graze on. Therobots are equipped with many sensors to id entify conditions of the environment, cattle andfood, using thermal and vis ion sensors that detect changes in body temperature."You've also got color, texture and shape sensors looking down at the groun d to check pasturequality," says Salah Sukkarieh of the University of Sydne y, who will carry out trials on severalfarms in central New South Wales.During the trials, the robot algorithms (算法) and mechanics will be fine-tuned to make itbetter suited to ailing livesto ck and ensure it safely navigates around potential hazardsincluding trees, m ud, swamps, and hills."We want to improve the quality of animal health and make it easier for farm ers to maintainlarge landscapes where animals roam free," says Sukkarieh. The robots are not limited to herding and monitoring livestock. They have b een created tocount individual fruit, inspect crops, and even pull weeds. Many robots are equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algor ithms to avoid injuring humans as they work side by side. The robots also lea rn the most efficient and safestpassages, and allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize the attributes andtasks of the robot, as well as provide a live stream giving real-time feedback on exactly what ishappening on the farms.Of course, some worry lies in replacing agricultural workers. However, it is fa nners that arepushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vac ancies, making it difficult tomaintain large-scale operations.The robots have provided major benefits to farmers in various ways, from hu nting and pullingweeds to monitoring the condition of every single fruit. Futur e farms will likely experience agreater deal of autonomy as robots take up m ore and more farm work efficiently.46. What may farmers be able to do with robots appearing on the farming sc ene?A) Upgrade farm produce.B) Enjoy more leisure hours.C) Modify the genes of crops.D) Cut down farming costs.47. What will 'farmbots' be expected to do?A) Take up many of the farmers, routines.B) Provide medical treatments for livestock.C) Lead the trend in farming the world over.D) Improve the quality of pastures for grazing.48. What can robots do when equipped with high-tech sensors and complex l earningalgorithms?A) Help farmers choose the most efficient and safest passages.B) Help farmers simplify their farming tasks and management.C) Allow farmers to learn instantly what is occurring on the farm.D) Allow farmers to give them real-time instructions on what to do.49. Why are farmers pressing for robotic farming?A) Farming costs are fast increasing.B) Robotics technology is maturing.C) Robotic fanning is the trend.D) Labor shortage is worsening.50. What does the author think future farms will be like?A) More and more automated.B) More and more productive.C) Larger and larger in scale.D) Better and better in condition.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make inform ed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative conseque nces of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue o f climate change, where a variety of factors, notthe least of which is a break down in the transmission of fundamental climate data to thegeneral public, has contributed to widespread mistrust and misunderstanding of scientis tsand their research.The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and u nderstanding ofscience (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decisio n-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.However, the importance of effective communication with a general audien ce is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for sociall y charged neuroscience issues suchas the genetic basis for a particular beh avior, the therapeutic potential of stem celltherapy for neurodegenerativ e diseases, or the use of animal models, areas where the publicunderstanding of science can also influence policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, withc ontinuing advances in individual genome (基因组) sequencing and the advent of personalizedmedicine, more non-scientists will need to be comfortable analyzing complex scientificinformation to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific inf ormation amongthe public. Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the mediacan shape the efficient transmission of scie ntific advances to the public. Good sciencejournalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, whileadhering to scientific accuracy.Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and general ize their subjectmaterial to the point that the basic information conveyed is o bscured or at worst, obviouslywrong. The impact of a basic discovery on hu man health can be exaggerated so that thepublic thinks a miraculous cure is a few months to years away when in reality the significance ofthe study is far more limited.Even though scientists play a part in transmitting information to journalists an d ultimately thepublic, too often the blame for ineffective communicatio n is placed on the side of thejournalists. We believe, that at least part of the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and mem bers of the media, and exists because for one thing we underestimate how d ifficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audi ences, and for another most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.51. What does the example of climate change serve to show?A) The importance of climate data is increasingly recognized.B) Adequate government funding is vital to scientific research.C) Government regulation helps the public understand science.D) Common folks' scientific knowledge can sway policy making.52. What should non-scientists do to ensure their quality of life?A) Seek personalized medical assistance from doctors.B) Acquire a basic understanding of medical science.C) Have their individual genome sequenced.D) Make informed use of animal models.53. Why is it important for scientists to build a good relationship with the med ia?A) It helps them to effectively popularize new scientific information.B) It enables the public to develop a positive attitude toward science.C) It helps them to establish a more positive public image.D) It enables them to apply their findings to public health.54. What does the author say is the problem with science journalism?A) It is keen on transmitting sensational information.B) It tends to oversimplify people's health problems.C) It may give inaccurate or distorted information to the public.D) It may provide information open to different interpretations.55. What should scientists do to impart their latest findings to the public more effectively?A) Give training to science journalists.B) Stimulate public interest in science.C) Seek timely assistance from the media.D) Improve their communication skills.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.近年来，中国越来越多的博物馆免费向公众开放。
卓顶精文2018年12月英语六级阅读真题及解析
2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Amidallthejoblosses,there’sonecategoryofworkerthattheecon omicdisruptionhasbeengoodfor:nonhumans.Fromself-servicecheckoutlinesatthesupermarkettoindustrial robotsarmedwithsawsandtaughttocarveupanimalbodiesinslaughter -houses,theseever-more-intelligentmachinesarenownotjustassis tingworkersbutactuallykickingthemoutoftheirjobs.Automationisn’tjustaffectingfactoryworkers,either.Somelaw firmsnowuseartificialintelligencesoftwaretoscanandreadmounta insoflegaldocuments,workthatpreviouslywasperformedbyhighly-p aidhumanlawyers. “Robotscontinuetohaveanimpactonblue-collarjobs,andwhite-co llarjobsareunderattackbymicroprocessors,”sayseconomicsprofes sorEdwardLeamer.Therecessionpermanentlywipedout2.5millionjob s.U.S.grossdomesticproducthasclimbedbacktopre-recessionlevel s,meaningwe’reproducingasmuchasbefore,onlywith6%fewerworkers .Tobesure,roboticsarenottheonlyjobkillersoutthere,with outsou rcing(外包)stealingfarmorejobsthanautomation. JeffBurnstein,presidentoftheRoboticsIndustryAssociation,argu esthatrobotsactuallysaveU.S.jobs.Hislogic:companiesthatembra ceautomationmightusefewerworkers,butthat’sstillbetterthanfir ingeveryoneandmovingtheworkoverseas.It’snotthatrobotsarecheaperthanhumans,thoughoftentheyare. It’sthatthey’rebetter.“Insomecasesthequalityrequirementsareso exactingthatevenifyouwantedtohaveahumandothejob,youcouldn’t,”Burnsteinsays.Samegoesforsurgeons,who’reusingroboticsystemstoperformane ver-growinglistofoperations—notbecausethemachinessavemoneyb utbecause,thankstothegreaterprecisionofrobots,thepatientsrec overinlesstimeandhavefewercomplications,saysDr.MyriamCuret.Surgeonsmaysurvivetherobotinvasion,butothersatthehospitalmig htnotbesolucky,asiRobot,makeroftheRoomba,arobotvacuumcleaner ,hasbeenshowingoffAva,whichcouldbeusedasamessengerinahospita l.Andonceyou’rehome,recovering,Avacouldletyoutalktoyourdocto r,sothere’snoneedtosendsomeonetoyourhouse.That“mobiletelepre sence”couldbeusefulattheoffice.Ifyou’reawayonatrip,youcansti llattendameeting.Justconnectviavideoconferencingsoftware,soy ourfaceappearsonAva’sscreen.Isanyjobsafe?Iwashopingtosay“journalist,”butresearchersareal readydevelopingsoftwarethatcangatherfactsandwriteanewsstory. Whichmeansthatafewyearsfromnow,arobotcouldbewritingthiscolum n.Andwhowillreadit?Well,theremightbealotofushangingaroundwit hlotsoffreetimeonourhands.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题仔细阅读译文及详细解析(卷二)
2018年6月大学英语六级真题仔细阅读译文及详细解析(卷二)It'XXX with no simple answer。
On the one hand。
global poverty rates have XXX decades。
and many countries have XXX economic growth。
On the other hand。
e inequality has increasedin many places。
and there are still ns of people living in poverty.One way to measure overall economic well-being is to look at GDP per capita。
which is the total value of goods and services XXX measure。
many countries have XXX over the past decade。
For example。
China's GDP per capita has more than tripled since 2008.and India's has more than XXX。
XXX is better off。
In fact。
e inequality has increased in both China and India。
meaning that the benefits of economic growth have been XXX.Another way to measure economic well-being is to look at median household e。
which is the e of the household right in the middle of the e n。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题、译文及详细解析
2018年6月大学英语六级考试仔细阅读真题解析（卷二）Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago Twenty years agoIn their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by % in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the . and France in 2005.In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the ., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the . Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the .’s overstates the gap ineconomic welfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the . and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of . levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the . had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the . has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.全文翻译及命题分析从经济上讲，我们的生活比十年前或二十年前更好吗评论员从美国人口普查局最新的一份报告着手，渴望在这个问题上找到证据。
2018年12月大学英语六级真题解析(仔细阅读卷二)
2018年12月份大学英语六级仔细阅读译文及详细解析（卷二）Section CPassage One全文翻译及命题分析也许是时候让农场主们歇歇脚了，因为机器人正被用来监测庄稼生长、拔除杂草，甚至放牧。
商业种植面积及其广袤，需要数千工时来耕作。
澳大利亚最偏远的苏坡杰克·唐斯（Suplejack Downs）牛场就是一个典型的例子。
它位于北部地区，绵延4000平方公里，距离最近的主要城市艾丽丝泉（Alice Springs）逾13个小时车程。
这些大规模农场极度偏远，往往无人照料，每年只能监测一两次，这意味着如果牲畜生病或需要援助，农场主可能需要很长时间才能发现。
然而，机器人正前来救援。
机器人目前正在威尔士进行为期两年的试验，该试验将训练“农场机器人”放牧，监测牲畜的健康，并确保有足够的牧场供它们放牧。
这些机器人配备了许多传感器来识别环境、牛群以及食物的状况，使用热传感器和视觉传感器来探测体温的变化。
悉尼大学的萨拉·苏卡黎(Salah Sukarieh)将在新南威尔士州中部的几个农场进行试验，他说：“你还可以用颜色、质地和形状传感器检测地面上的牧草质量。
”在试验期间，将对机器人的算法和技术性细节进行微调，使其更适合生病的牲畜，并确保它能够安全地绕过树木、淤泥、沼泽和丘陵等潜在障碍区。
苏卡黎说:“我们希望改善牲畜的健康品质，并让农场主更容易维护牲畜在广阔的草场上信步由缰的壮观景象。
”机器人并不局限于放牧和监控牲畜，他们还被用来统计单果数量，检查农作物，甚至拔除杂草。
许多机器人配备有高科技传感器和复杂的学习算法，以避免它们在与人类并肩工作时伤害人类。
机器人还知晓最高效、最安全的通行方式，使工程师和农场主能够分析和更好地优化机器人的属性和任务，并提供现场直播，实时反馈农场上正在发生的事情。
当然，农业工人担心其岗位被取代。
然而，由于劳动力空缺的不断加剧，大规模生产难以维持，正是农场主们在力推技术进步。
2018年06月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析
2018年06月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析一、真题回顾2018年6月的大学英语六级考试笔试部分共包括四个部分：写作、快速阅读、长篇阅读和翻译。
（一）写作Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “When it comes to traffic problems in cities, there are always different views among people.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（二）快速阅读Passage One（三）长篇阅读Passage Two（四）翻译Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.下面是对这四个部分的真题及答案解析。
二、答案解析（一）写作真题答案：When it comes to traffic problems in cities, there are always different views among people. Some believe that the traffic problems are inevitable due to the rapid development of modern society. Others argue that effective measures can be taken to solve these problems.In my opinion, the traffic problems in cities can be solved if we take appropriate measures. Firstly, the government should invest more funds in the construction of public transportation systems, such as subways and buses. This will encourage more people to choose public transportation instead of private cars, which can reduce traffic congestion. Secondly, the government should implement stricter regulations on vehicle emissions to improve air quality and reduce pollution. Lastly, the public should be educated to cultivate good driving habits and raise their awareness of traffic safety.In conclusion, traffic problems in cities can be solved through the joint efforts of the government and the public.答案解析：本文开头以题目给出的句子作为引子，引出人们对城市交通问题的不同看法。