tododoing和done作补语的比较

to do、doing和 done 作补语的比较

1. w ith +宾+done,表示宾语与过去分词在逻辑上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已

经完成或无时间性；

2. w ith +宾+doing，表示宾语与现在分词在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作的持

续进行；

3. w ith +宾+to do，则表示将来的动作, 宾语与不定式在逻辑上可以是主动关系也

可以是被动关系，注意此时的不定式不

是作宾补而是作宾语的定语

了。如：

1. The murderer was brought in,

with his hands _________ ehind his back.（全国卷）

A. being tied

B. having tied

C. to be tied

D. tied

【分析】答案选D。his hand与tie 是被动关系，且带进时应己捆绑好了，表示“被动、完成”用过去分词作宾补。

2. With a lot of difficult prob lems , the newly-elected p resident is having a hard time. （上海

春）

A. settled

B. setting

C. to s ettle

D. being settled

【分析】答案选C。由语境可知，问题还没有解决，用不定式指将来的动作。

3. Peter soon fell asleep with

the light still ______ (burn).

二、其宾语后可用分词或不定式的4 个动词

在leave, want, get, have 等动

词的宾语后面可接doing

done或to do。现分述如下：

①leave…doing让--- 一直（主动、

持续进行）;

leave…todo让…去做（主动、

将来）;

leave・・・don被动)。女口：

1) Don t leave the water _____ wh ile you brush your teeth.(天津卷) A. run B. running C. bei ng run D. to run

2) Leave the door firmly ______ (f asten)让门紧闭着；

3) Leave her _____ (do) as she like s让她去做她喜欢做的事。

②want sb. doing希望某人做某

事(多用于否定)；

want sb. to do要某人做某

事;

want sth. done=want sth. to be done被动)。女口：

1) I don" twant you ________ arri ve) late.

2) I want the letter _________ (op en) now.

3) The boss wanted his workers _

___ (finish) the job by Friday.

③get sb. to do sth.使某人做

某事（主动、将来）;

get…doing使… 处于某一状态中（主动、持续）;

get …done=havesth. done 请

人做/ 遭受（被动）。如：

1）_______________________ I ' ltlry to get her _____________ the doctor. （上海卷）

A. see

B. seeing

C. to see

D. for seeing

【分析】答案选C。get sb. to

do sth. 使某人做某事。请比较：

2）T he teacher got the children tal king.让孩子说起话来；get the comp uter repaired 将电脑送去修理；get his wrist broken 折断了手腕。

④ have sth. done=get sth. don e

请人做某事;

have sb / sth. doing sth. 使

某人/某物一直做某事或者处于某种

状态；

have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事（见使役动词）；

have sth. to do 有事要做（见

非谓语动词作定语部分）。如：

1. She had her audience listen ing attentively. 他使观众听得入神。

2. He didn 'kt eep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch . （上海卷）

A. to repair

B. repaired

C. r epairing

D. repair

【分析】答案选B。his watch 与repair是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。

三、可用分词但不用to do作补语的5个

动词

keep, find等后可用现在分词

（主动）或过去分词（被动）作补语，一般不用to do。在catch（撞

见）,smell（闻到）,start（使）等后通常只接现在分词作补语，不用不定式或过去分词。女口:

1. It was so cold that they ke pt the fire ___________ a ll night.（全

国卷）

A. to burn

B. burnt

C. burni ng

D. burned

【分析】答案选C。keep…doin g 让…一直保持某种状态：让那盆火整夜燃着。

2. A cook will be immediately