专题6 if条件句 宾从 比较级最高级 句子成分
中学英语语法条件句讲解归纳
中学英语语法条件句讲解归纳A if从句中的动词是一般现在时,主句的动词是一般将来时。
主句和从句的先后次序无关紧要。
If he runs he’ll get there in time.如果他跑步去就会及时赶到那里。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.如果你拉猫的尾巴,它会抓你。
这种类型的句子意味着if从句中的动作很可能发生。
注意:这里的含义是现在或将来,但if从句中的动词是一般现在时而不是一般将来时。
if+will/would只能用于表示某些特殊含义时。
B 基本形式可能的变化形式1 主句的变化除if+一般现在时+一般将来时外,可能是:(a)if+一般现在时+may/might(可能性)If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.如果雾再大,飞机就可能改飞别的机场降落。
(也许飞机确实会改飞别的机场降落。
)(b) if+一般现在时+ may(允许)/can(允许或能力)If your documents are in order you may/can leave at once.如果你的证明文件都齐备了你可以马上就走。
(允许)If it stops snowing we can go out.如果雪停了我们就可以出去了。
(允许或能力)(c)if+一般现在时+must,should或任何表示命令、请求或劝告的形式:If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.如果你想减轻体重,你必须/应该少吃面包。
If you want to lose weight you had better eat less bread.如果你想减轻体重,最好少吃面包。
If you want to lose weight eat less bread.如果你想减轻体重,少吃面包。
2024年初中英语语法专项学习之if引导的从句用法
2024年初中英语语法专项学习之if引导的从句用法if的条件状语从句的用法1.if引导的条件状语从句,在if引导条件状语从句中要用现在时态替代将来时,类似还有连词before,as soon as,while,when等。
2.零条件句/绝对真实条件句(Zero Conditional)零条件句,又叫绝对真实条件句,用于阐述事实。
用来表达在该条件下,结果一定会如此(如规则,客观规律、真理等)。
结构是:If+主语+do/does,主语+do/does。
其从句和主句的谓语动词通常为一般现在时。
3.第一条件句/相对真实条件句(First Conditional)第一条件句又叫相对真实条件句,谈论将来可能发生的事情,并考虑这件事情的结果。
强调偶然性或一次性的条件,也可以与绝对真实条件句同义。
if从句用一般现在时或其他现在时,表示将来可能发生的事情(条件);主句用一般将来时,表示这件事情的结果。
结构是:If+主语+do/does,主语+will do。
4.第二条件句/现在虚拟条件句(Second Conditional)第二条件句是虚拟条件句的一种,即现在虚拟条件句(Unreal Present),用来表达在现在或将来时间下不太可能或不可能发生的条件,这种条件句还可以用来表示试探性的、委婉的语气(可以理解为不大有自信,所以不太真实的条件)。
结构是:①与将来事实相反的非真实条件句是If+主语+should do/were to do/did,主语+would/should/could/might do;②与现在事实相反的非真实条件句是If+主语+did,主语+would/should/could/might+do。
5.第三条件句/过去虚拟条件句(Third Conditional)第三条件句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,是用来表达如果(If)当时那样发生,另外一方面(当时)结果会如何。
通常是指过去的事情,带有一切已经太迟而不能够补救的意思。
最新中考初中英语if条件句讲解及练习
最新中考初中英语if条件句讲解及练习中考初中英语if条件句讲解及练习【知识要点】定义:常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下,某事很可能发生,条件是可能存在的,主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。
E.g. If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
E.g. If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
E.g. If you have finished the homework,you can go home.如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。
从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时,表示对现在或过去的一种假设。
E.g.If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。
E.g.I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞,我本会来得早一些。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配1.if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时E.g. If he runs he’ll get there in time.如果他用跑的,他就会及时赶到那儿。
E.g. The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.如果你拉猫的尾巴,它就会抓你。
2.if从句用一般现在时,主句用may/might/canE.g. If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.如果雾在大一些,飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
E.g. If it stops snowing we can go out.如果雪停了,我们就可以出去。
专题六,句子成分,五种基本句型
专题六、句子成分和五种简单句型一、句子成分分类1.主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如:We didn’t have enough time to think about problems by ourselves.She enjoys reading books and listening to music.Every coin has two sides(任何事物都有两面性)Three are enough.To spit in public is not polite.Seeing English films is a good way to learn English well.What we need is food.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。
如:It took two workers about three months to build the house.I t’s our duty to protect the environment.It’s very exciting not to have extra classes on holidays.It is important for us to obey traffic rules.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to go online2.谓语:谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
如:She gets on/along well with(与……相处的很好)her friends.She enjoys reading books and listening to music.we can also take some exercise together to keep fit/ keep healthy/ be in good health(为了身体的健康).Huaguo Mountain is a famous tourist attraction in Lianyungang.Our after—school activities are very colorful, such as playing balls, singing, dancing, drawing and so on(等等).Great changes have taken place since 60 years ago.But a few years ago,a lot of bad behaviors happened quite often during the travel. My money has run out.3.表语:表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。
人教版英语八年级上册Unit10名师指导:if引导的条件状语从句
名师指导:if引导的条件状语从句引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下,某事很可能发生,条件是可能存在的,主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。
如:If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮助,他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
If you have finished the homework,you can go home.如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。
从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时,表示对现在或过去的一种假设。
如:If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞,我本会来得早一些。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配1.if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的,他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴,它就会抓你。
2.if从句用一般现在时,主句用may/might/canIf the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些,飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了,我们就可以出去。
3.if从句用一般现在时,主句用must/shouldIf you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想减肥,你必须少吃面包。
if从句的知识点总结
if从句的知识点总结一、if 从句的基本结构if 从句通常由if引导,表示一种假设或条件。
if 从句的基本结构是“if + 简单句”,简单句可以是肯定句、否定句或疑问句。
if 从句的主语和谓语可以根据具体的情况而变化,它们之间的位置也可以调换。
例如:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨,我们就呆在家里。
如果if 从句中的主语与主句的主语一样,可以省略if 从句中的主语,保留谓语和其他成分,而将其放在主句中。
例如:If you come, I will be happy.I will be happy if you come.如果你来的话,我会很高兴。
二、if 从句的三种类型根据if 从句所表示的条件或假设的不同,if 从句可以分为三种类型:真实条件句、虚拟条件句和无条件句。
1. 真实条件句真实条件句表示可能或真实的条件,其主句和if 从句的谓语动词均使用一般现在时态。
真实条件句表示与现在或将来的情况,不是过去的情况,通常用于表示客观事实或可能发生的事情。
真实条件句的从句是简单句型,也可以用进行时态或其他时态表达。
例如:If it rains, the ground gets wet.如果下雨了,地面就湿了。
2. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句表示与现在或将来相反的假设,通常使用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件句有三种类型:虚拟现在条件句、虚拟过去条件句和虚拟将来条件句。
虚拟条件句的从句是简单句型。
例如:If she were a bird, she could fly.如果她是只鸟,她就能飞了。
3. 无条件句无条件句表示无条件的假设或条件,其实际情况一定会发生。
从句和主句的谓语动词可以使用一般现在时态、一般将来时态或其他时态。
例如:If you have finished your breakfast, go to school.如果你已经吃完早餐,就去上学吧。
高中英语句子成分解析
⾼中英语句⼦成分解析⾼中英语句⼦成分解析 在句⼦中,词与词之间有⼀定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句⼦分为不同的组成成分。
下⾯是⼩编收集整理的⾼中英语句⼦成分解析,希望对您有所帮助!状语 状语 状语(adverbial)是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句⼦成分。
如: 1.The girl is improving remarkably. 这个⼥孩⼤有进步。
2.可⽤作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
(1)。
副词最常⽤作状语,位置⽐较灵活,可置句末、句⾸和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well. 这种语⾔,他讲得不好,但阅读能⼒很强。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors. 当我们期望旅馆的旅客把房门锁上。
3.状语按⽤途来分,可以分为时间、地点、⽅式、原因、结果、⽬的、条件、让步、程度、⽅式、伴随等 (1)。
时间状语,多位于句末和句⾸,有时亦可置于句中 Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow? In China now leads the world. (2).地点状语,多置于句末,有时也位于句⾸和句中。
There are plenty of fish in the sea. She kissed her mother on the platform(⽉台). (3)。
原因状语,包括表理由的状语,多置于句末,有时亦可置于句⾸。
Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job. I eat potatoes because I like them. (4). 结果状语,多由不定式、分词和从句表⽰,常位于句末。
She woke(醒) suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway. She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said. (5). ⽬的状语,多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表⽰,常位于句末,强调时可以置于句⾸。
(完整word版)初中英语If引导条件状语从句
初中英―― if 引的条件状从句在 if 引的条件状从句中, if 和条件句地点灵巧,可直接放在主句后边,若 if 条件句放句首,从句后边要加逗号,和主句分开。
要注意前后一致原 .引条件状从句的接主要有: if( 假如)、unless(除非)或 as long as(只需)等。
unless在乎思上等于 if...not。
一、条件状从句用法1、引条件状从句最常用的是if, 由 if 引的条件状从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能生。
如:If you ask him, he will help you.假如你他帮忙 ,他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.假如你考不及格 ,你会他绝望的。
此外 ,if 从句表示不行的条件或根本不行能存在的条件 ,也就是一种虚的条件或假 ,从句多用一般去或去达成。
如 :If I were you, I would invite him to the party.假如我是你 ,我会邀他参加聚会。
2、 unless = if...not. 除非 ,若不 ,除非在⋯⋯的候比如:Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.=If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨 ,比将照旧行。
二、在条件状从句中,要注意“主将从”的定,即主句用一般未来,从句用一般在表示未来。
例句:I will come to see you if I have time.我有,我就来看你。
三假如 if 条件句的是重复生和示要生的情形和事件,主从句大多用一般在。
如:If bears are in danger ,they attack people.区提示if 既能够引条件状从句,表示“假如”,也能够引从句,表达“是否”。
专题6 句子成分+宾语从句+if引导的条件状语从句+形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
专题6 句子成分+宾语从句+if引导的条件状语从句+形容词和副词的比较级、最高级一、句子成分记忆小妙招:主在前、谓在中,宾语、状语后面冲。
短语定语主宾后,形、代定语主宾前。
间宾直宾紧相依,直、间之间to、for连。
宾补位于宾语后,地状常在时状前。
(一)请指出下列句中主语的中心词。
1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom.2. There is a bird flying in the sky.3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4. It is very difficult to do today's homework without your help.(二)请选出下列句中谓语的中心词。
1. I don't like the picture on the wall.2. The days get longer and longer when summer comes.3. Do you usually go to school by bus?4. Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?5. What I want to tell you is this.(三)请挑出下列句中的宾语。
1. My brother hasn't done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3. How many new words did you learn last class?4. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.5. You will find it useful after you leave school.(四)请划出下列句中的直接宾语和间接宾语。
初二英语状语从句中if引导的条件状语从句解析
初二英语状语从句中if引导的条件状语从句解析【考纲解读】1.掌握各种条件状语从句,如本文中的if引导的条件状语从句。
2. 正确使用各种状语及其时态。
3. 掌握条件状语中“主将从现”的用法。
【知识点梳理】引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下,某事很可能发生,条件是可能存在的,主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。
如:If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
If you have finished the homework, you can go home.如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。
从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时,表示对现在或过去的一种假设。
如:If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞,我本会来得早一些。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配1.if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的,他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴,它就会抓你。
2.if从句用一般现在时,主句用may/might/canIf the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些,飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
初中英语语法 if 引导的条件状语从句的基本用法课件
If it doesn't rain, I will go to the cinema tomorrow.
从句位置灵活,可放在主句之 前,但要用 逗号与主句隔开;也 可放在主句之后。
My mother will take me to the park if she is free.
If he has free time, he will go to Shanghai.
If 引导的条件状语从句------句型转换
1. 借助“祈使句+and/or+句 子”来转换 (and 表顺承, or 表转折) If you study hard, you will pass the exam easily. = Study hard, and you will pass the exam easily. = Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam.
if引导的条件状语从句,在if 引导条件状语从句中要用现 在时态替代将来时,类似还 有连词before,as soon as, while,when等。
2. if 条件状语从句中,如果主句有 must,can,may 等情态动词,从
句用_一__般__现__在__时__。
例如:You must stop if the traffic light ___is_ (be) red.
3. if 条件状语从句中,主句是祈使句, 从句用__一___般__现__在___时表示将来。 主___祈__从___现_原则。
例如:Don’ t wait for me if I __a_m__ (be) late.
If 条件句的用法1
2、表示现在习惯动作 、 For example: ※ If it rains, I go to work by bus. ※If I make a promise, I keep it . 总结:在上述表示现在习惯动作的条件句中, 分句和主句的谓语动 总结:在上述表示现在习惯动作的条件句中, if-分句和主句的谓语动 词也都是用一般现在时 一般现在时: 词也都是用一般现在时: Pattern: (if) simple present +(Main) simple present : 3、表示过去的习惯动作 、 For example: ※If I was hungry, I usually had a full meal. 总结:表示过去习惯动作的条件句中, 分句和主句的谓语动词都用 总结:表示过去习惯动作的条件句中,If-分句和主句的谓语动词都用 一般过去时。 一般过去时。
虚拟
分句) 如果句子的前半段 (if -分句) 是表现现在不大 分句 可能实现的条件,而后半段(主句) 可能实现的条件,而后半段(主句)却表示与过 去事实相反的情况,前后在逻辑意义上不相协调。 去事实相反的情况,前后在逻辑意义上不相协调。 但在保证句子合乎逻辑的前提下, 但在保证句子合乎逻辑的前提下,也可根据语义 意图混合实用俩种句型的动词形式 If he had wanted to dance ,I'd have taken him to discotheque(迪斯科舞厅) 迪斯科舞厅) 迪斯科舞厅
虚拟
If he were to get in touch with me , I could explain. = Supposing he got in touch with me...(非真实条件) 非真实条件) 非真实条件 If he was to get in touch with me , why hasn't he done so ? = If the arrangement was that he should get in touch with me , why...? (表示“义务”) 表示“ 表示 义务” 里一个变体是在if-分句中用 里一个变体是在 分句中用would + 不定式 表示不大可能实 分句中用 现的"意愿 意愿" 现的 意愿 If you 'd cook the dinner , i'd do the washingup afterwards.(省略 to) (
常用句型之比较级和最高级句结构
常用句型之比较级和最高级句结构比较级和最高级句结构是英语语法中常用的句型结构,用于表达两个或多个事物之间的比较关系。
在句子中,比较级和最高级通常起到限定和强调的作用。
下面将介绍比较级和最高级的不同用法和句式结构。
1. 比较级的用法:比较级常用来对两个事物进行比较,表示其中一方在某一方面更大、更高、更好等。
比较级的基本形式为“形容词/副词+er”,或者在词前加上more。
例如:- 苹果比橙子更红。
Apples are redder than oranges.- 他跑得比我快。
He runs faster than me.2. 最高级的用法:最高级用于比较三个或更多事物,表示其中一方在某一方面是“最……的”。
最高级的基本形式为“the+形容词/副词+est”,或者在词前加上most。
例如:- 我的家乡是最美丽的。
My hometown is the most beautiful.- 他是我们班最聪明的学生。
He is the smartest student in our class.3. 比较级和最高级的句式结构:除了基本形式外,比较级和最高级还可以结合其他词语和句式来增强表达的准确性和丰富性。
以下是几种常见的句式结构:- 比较级前加上than引导的从句:- Soccer is more popular in Europe than it is in the United States.足球在欧洲比在美国更受欢迎。
- 超过……倍倍数的表达:- The population of the city is three times larger than that of the town.这个城市的人口是那个小镇的三倍。
- the+比较级,the+比较级的结构:- The more you practice, the better you will become.你练习得越多,你就会变得越好。
- 没有比……更……的了:- There is nothing more important than family.没有比家庭更重要的事情了。
高二英语网课专题6 名词性从句
种 语 形式 命是如何开始的是一个谜。
性 类 从 主语
从 型句 句
It happened that she was out when we called.我们打电话时 她碰巧出去了。
It is reported that ten people were killed in the explosion.据 报道爆炸中有10人丧生。
这真是令人失望。
whether引导:Whether we’ll have a
名 词
四 种 主语
picnic hasn’t been decided. 是否去野 餐还没决定。
性 类 从句 主语从句不能用if引导
从型
连接代词:What you need is a good
句
long vacation.你需要的是一个愉快
2.You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
步骤二:如果从句中不缺少主、宾或表语,但缺 少一定意义的状语,则考虑用连接副词 where,when,why,how…
步骤三:如果既不缺主、宾或表语,也不缺状语, 则考虑用从属连词 that,whether,if,as if
that引导:That Tom should cheat
me is disappointing. 汤姆竟然骗我,
The smile on his face suggested that he _w__a_s__ (was/be/is) satisfied with our work.
总结好的:if引导的条件状语从句
if引导的条件状语从句if1) 用法:(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导,意为“如果、假如”,主句不能用be going to表示将来,而应该用shall,will。
If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (错误)If you leave now, you will never regret it. (正确)(2)if “如果”,引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时,如:If it rains tomorrow, I shan’t climb the hills.(3)另外,主句是祈使句或含有情态动词,从句也用一般现在时。
如:Please call me if he comes next Sunday.Can you call the policeman if you are in the trouble.注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。
宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于whether,引导宾语从句,时态需根据语境确定。
如果主句用一般现在时,从句可以根据具体情况选用时态,如果主句用一般过去时,从句必须用过去式的某种形式。
I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。
Our teacher said there was going to be a football match the next month.我们说下月将有场足球比赛。
【边学边做】用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. What will you buy if you ________(have)a lot of money?2. If it ________(not snow)tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.3. You mustn’t go to school if you ________(be)still in bed.4. If he _______(be)at home at that time, he would know it.5. Please show me the way if you ________(know)it.6. You will hurt your teeth if you ________(eat)too much candy.7. If you gave me a toy car, I _________(be)very happy.8. I would get the prize if I _________(work)hard.9.If she ______ (finish ) work early ,she ______(go) home.10.If the weather______(be)fine,we_______(go)for a walk .11. If I_____(have) time tonight ,I _______(finish) the book I’m reading.12. If it ______(rain) next weekend , we_______(not be able to ) plant the vegetable .13. If it_______(rain),we______(stay) at home .14.If she______(arrive) ,she _____(phone) me .15. If he_____(call),tell him I’ll ring back .二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. If you ________(feel) tired, you _________ (have) to have a rest.2. Where _____ he ____(see) the film if he _________(have) time?3. If there ____ (be) fewer trees, there _______ (be) more pollution.4. He ___ (dress) more casually if he ___ (not work) on weekends.5. If Marcia _______ (live) alone, she _______ (keep) a pet parrot.6. Lana _____ (buy) a new dress if the old one ____ (be) out of style.7. The twins _______ (fight) if they__________ (argue).8. I ______ (have) a bake sale if I ____ (need) money for education.9. Peter ____ (send) me a beautiful souvenir if he ____(tour) Spain.10. If Mr. Green _______ (say) I am hard- working, my parents ___ (feel) glad.11. I ______ (go) to the beach if it________ (not rain) this week.12. _____they ___ (have) a match if the P.E. teacher __ (be) busy?13. He ____ (write) a letter to his grandparents if he ____ (get) his report card this week.14. If she ______ (get) up late, she _____ (not catch) the early bus.15. Peter ____ (major) in English if he ____(pass) the exams in Peking University.二、完成句子1. 他如果看电视太久了,他的父母会不高兴。
专题6 if条件句 宾从 比较级最高级 句子成分
宾语分类
接to的动词有:give, bring, pass, lend, sell, send, show, tell, write等。 Give your mother the letter. = Give the letter to your mother. 直接宾语 间接宾语 接for的动 词有:buy, find, cook, draw, get, sing等。 Can you find me my bag? = Can you find my bag for me? 直接宾语 间接宾语 这正是:人前物后看清楚,换位要加for或to。
小练习
请挑出下列句中的宾语。 1. My brother hasn't done his homework. 2. People all over the world speak English. 3. How many new words did you learn last class? 4. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 5. You will find it useful after you leave school.
宾语补足语
在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成 分,称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词 短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。 宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。 1.I will make you king. (名词) 2.They make her happy.(形容词) 3.I see her dance.(省to的不定式) 4.The manager asked him to wait. (不定式) 5.Please let him in.(副词) 6.We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)
专题6 if条件句 宾从 比较级最高级 句子成分PPT文档85页
1、最灵繁的人也看不见自己的背脊。——非洲 2、最困难的事情就是认识自己。——希腊 3、有勇气承担命运这才是英雄好汉。——黑塞 4、与肝胆人共事,无字句处读书。——周恩来 5、阅读使人充实,会谈使人敏捷,写作使人精确。——培根
专题6 if条件句 宾从 比 较级最高级 句子成分
6、纪律是自由的第一条件。——黑格 尔 7、纪律是集体的面貌,集体的声音, 集体的 动作, 集体的 表情, 集体的 信念。 ——马 卡连柯
8、思 9、学校没有纪律便如磨坊没有水。— —夸美 纽斯
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小练习
请划出下列句中的表语。 1. The leaves have turned yellow. 2. She was the first to learn about it. 3. The old man is feeling better now. 4. Why is Mrs. Smith worried aboutsted in joining the chess club
宾语补足语
在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成 分,称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词 短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。 宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。 1.I will make you king. (名词) 2.They make her happy.(形容词) 3.I see her dance.(省to的不定式) 4.The manager asked him to wait. (不定式) 5.Please let him in.(副词) 6.We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)
主语
主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或 “是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名 词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如: 1.Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语) 2.He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语) 3.Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语) 4.To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定 式作主语) 5.What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句 作主语)
宾语分类
宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。可以带两个宾语的动 词有:bring, give, show, send, pass, tell 等。 1.直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,直接宾语指物; 2.间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人,间接宾 语指人。 3.间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。 1)Our teacher tells us a story. 2)The sun gives us light. 如果强调直接宾语,可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的 前面,但间接宾语前须加介词 “to”或“for”。
小练习
请找出下列句中的宾语补足语。 1. He asked her to take the boy to the doctor’s. 2. She found it difficult to finish the work today. 3. We call her Lily sometimes. 4. I saw Jerry get on the bus. 5. Did you hear anyone crying outside the door just now?
小练习
请划出下列句中的定语。 1. What is your family name? 2. The boy in blue is Tom. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 5. There are five boys who will play the game.
宾语分类
接to的动词有:give, bring, pass, lend, sell, send, show, tell, write等。 Give your mother the letter. = Give the letter to your mother. 直接宾语 间接宾语 接for的动 词有:buy, find, cook, draw, get, sing等。 Can you find me my bag? = Can you find my bag for me? 直接宾语 间接宾语 这正是:人前物后看清楚,换位要加for或to。
表语
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、 形容词、副词、介词、不定式及名词或形容词短语 来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。 1.I am a teacher.(名词) 2.He is always happy.(形容词) 3.They are on the playground now.(介词短语) 4.It gets cold.(形容词)
定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数 词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词 或短语等。 单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。 1.The black bike is mine.(形容词) 2.What’s your name?(代词) 3.They make paper flowers.(名词)
宾语
从语法角度说,及物动词后面要接宾语 (介词后也有 宾语) 。从意义上来说,宾语是动作的对象、目标。 宾语是对谓语动词的进一步说明和解释。 1. We often help him. (代词作宾语) 2. He likes to play basketball. (不定式作宾语) 3. We enjoy listening to the music. (动名词短语作宾 语) 4. She said that she felt sick. (从句做宾语) The sun gives us light and warmth. (us为间接宾语, light and warmth为直接宾语)
小练习
请选出下列句中谓语的中心词。 1. I don't like the picture on the wall. 2. The days get longer and longer when summer comes. 3. Do you usually go to school by bus? 4. Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? 5. What I want to tell you is this.
主语
另外,英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主 语”,例如:It .... that ...句式等。 6. It took us two hours to travel around the city by subway. (It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语)
系动词
Be动词(am,is,are, was, were) 表保持(keep, stay, remain) 表改变(get, become, turn) 感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看 起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来)) 1.It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词, interesting为表语) 2.We should all remain careful. (Remain为系动词, careful为表语)
状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时 间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、 介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。 状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。 1.He did it carefully.(副词) 2. We often help him.(副词) 3.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语) 4.When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句 作时间状语) 5. He sits there.(副词地点状语)
小练习
请划出下列句中的直接宾语和间接宾语。 1. Please tell us a story. 2. My father bought a new computer for me last week. 3. Mr. Brown is going to teach us chemistry next term. 4. Could you please pass the pen to Tom? 5. Did he leave any message for me?
The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun.
(主语) (定语) (谓语)(状语) (谓语) (宾语) (定语) 按意群(含义)划分,此句为: The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun.
小练习
请挑出下列句中的宾语。 1. My brother hasn't done his homework. 2. People all over the world speak English. 3. How many new words did you learn last class? 4. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 5. You will find it useful after you leave school.
表语
说明1:当定语修饰不定代词:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。 1.I tell him something interesting. (形容interesting作 不定代词something的后置定语) 2.He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定 语) 说明2:短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词 之后。 The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room 是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。)