中国矿业大学考博英语阅读理解真题解析与指导
2015年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Cloze 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionThe purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent. In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book”him. “Booking” means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station. The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example, because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one. The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty. At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation. The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1．What is the main idea of the passage?A．The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.B．The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.C．Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.D．The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.正确答案：B解析：本文的第一段第一句话“The purpose of the American court system is to protect the fights of the people．”就点明了文章的主旨，即美国法院系统的作用是保护人民的权利，因此选择B。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷20
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14lh century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metal-smiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for “man”. But on my travels among them most still referred to themselves as Gypsies.In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behavior in their nomadism. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery, it wasn’t until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families. But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continent’s largest minority. The exact numberis hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regimes anxious to downplay their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their own-unlike the Jews, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. “Romanestan” said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, “is where my two fee t stand.”1.Gypsies are united only when they（）.2.In history hostility to Gypsies in Europe resulted in their persecution by all the following EXCEPT（）.3.According to the passage, the main difference between the Gypsies and the Jews lies in their concepts of（）.问题1选项A.are engaged in traditional craftsB.call themselves RomaC.live under a clan systemD.face external threats问题2选项A.the EgyptiansB.the stateC.the churchD.the Nazis问题3选项nguageB.cultureC.identityD.custom【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C【解析】1.事实细节题。
2014年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2014年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Cloze 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionAbout six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: “So, how have you been?” And the boy —who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied. “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to. Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, why? Human development is based not only on innate biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders. In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures. Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.1．According to the author, feeling depressed is______.A．a mental scale present in all humans, including childrenB．a sure sign of a psychological problem in a childC．an inevitable part of children’s mental developmentD．something hardly to be expected in a young child正确答案：D解析：本题细节定位于第二段第二句话“As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were‘depressed’until we were in high school”。
2006年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2006年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Cloze 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Structure and V ocabulary 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingClozeGenerally, a computer is any device that can perform numerical calculations. Currently,【C1】______, the term usually refers【C2】______an electronic device that can【C3】______a series of tasks according to a set of instructions. In 1953 there were only about 100 computers【C4】______use in the world. Today hundreds of millions of computers are【C5】______in homes, schools, businesses, government offices, and universities for almost every conceivable【C6】______. Modern desktop【C7】______computers, or PCs, are many times more powerful than the huge, million dollar【C8】______computers of the 1960s and 1970s. Most PCs can perform from 400 million to several billion operations per second. These computers are used not【C9】______for household management and personal entertainment, but also for most of the automate【C10】______require by small business. The fastest desktop computers are called workstations, and they are generally used for scientific, engineering, or advanced business application.1．【C1】正确答案：however解析：本题空格处的前面讲的是计算机通常是执行数字运算的设备，但目前……应填however“不过；然而”，表示转折。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：12
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题These continual（）in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.问题1选项A.transitionsB.transformationsC.exchangesD.fluctuations【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
A选项transition“过渡”；B选项transformation“转化；转换；改革；变形”；C选项exchange“交换；交流”；D选项fluctuation“起伏；波动”。
句意：温度的持续……使人没法决定穿什么。
只有气温上下波动，才让人不好选择穿什么衣服，因此D选项正确。
2.单选题Driving very fast on a rainy night is not（）with safety.问题1选项A.persistentB.consistentC.insistentD.existent 【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析与搭配用法。
A选项persistent“执着的；坚持不懈的；持续的”；B选项consistent“一致的；始终如一的；坚持的”；C选项insistent“坚持的；迫切的；显著的；引人注目的”；D选项existent“现存的；生存的”。
句意：在雨夜开快车是不安全的。
空格后有with，选项中只有consistent with表示“符合，一致”。
因此B选项正确。
3.单选题You cannot imagine how I feel（）with my duties sometimes.问题1选项A.overflowedB.overthrownC.overwhelmedD.overturned【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
A选项overflow“溢出；挤满”；B选项overthrow“推翻；瓦解；背弃”；C选项overwhelm“淹没；压倒；受打击”；D选项overturn“推翻；倾覆”。
2007年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2007年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Cloze 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Structure and V ocabulary 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingClozeThe Indians rise soon as it is light, the children run down to the river to swim, the woman go to the creek to bring fresh water. Soon maize soup is being prepared for【C1】______. Before noon they will eat again, usually fish, meat and bananas, the fruit of the “chontadurre” palm and a drink of’chicha”. When the sun has 【C2】______over the river, some of the younger women go【C3】______their children by canoe to their forest plantation to【C4】______maize, bananas and wild fruits. The older women stay in the house making pots which are【C5】______for drinking water and for “chicha”. Later they have to【C6】______the evening meal and look after the children. The women do most of the daily work and each【C7】______day involves much the same【C8】______. The men, who may have been hunting during the night, 【C9】______the day repairing nets, replacing an arrow lost while hunting, fishing with hook and line or “atarraya” net. In January after the rains,【C10】______men and women go to the forest plantation to sow maize.【C11】______, in August and September, they sow a【C12】______crop. Four months after each【C13】______, the maize is ready for harvesting by the women. At nightfall the family congregates once【C14】______, and after the babies are【C15】______in their hammocks they discuss the day’s events.1．【C1】正确答案：breakfast解析：本题空格前面讲的是天一亮印第安人就起来了，因此这里准备的应是早餐。
中国矿业大学(北京)考博英语复习-报考分析及备考指导-育明考博
中国矿业大学（北京）考博报考分析及备考指导 一、招考介绍学校所属招生总数名额分布考博英语难易程度复试分数线211/985266人（57各专业）直播和硕博连读人数：48人考研英语难度外语成绩≥55分专业课成绩≥60分二、矿大考博英语备考规划1、矿大考博初试英语题型和分值设置词汇完型填空阅读理解翻译短文作文15题15分20题10分五篇20题40分英译汉10分汉译英10分15分2、英语复习推荐用书：育明考博教研部主编的《考博英语真题解析》《考博词汇》，是最为权威的考博英语备考资料。
同时也得到了育明考博学员的肯定和证明，并且每年都会再版更新。
可以联系育明考博购买邮寄，或在全国各大书店及卓越亚马逊及当当网下单。
（PS：育明考博咨询方式 扣扣：547 063 862 TEL：四零零 六六八 六九七八）3、复习策略、答题技巧、经验分享（1）词汇备考：矿大对考博英语词汇量在7000—8000左右。
部分院校，如社科院，对词汇量的要求会比较大，大约会达到10000以上。
虽然不推荐盲目的扩大词汇量，但是足够的单词储备还是会对应试起到比较积极的作用。
根据自身的复习时间和实际需要，可以选择考研词汇、六级词汇、托福词汇、专八词汇、或者GRE词汇进行备考，推荐育明教育考博教研室主编的《考博英语系列教程—考博10000词》进行有针对性的词汇备考。
有很多人在学习英语的过程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的。
单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的，于是就产生了记忆的牢固度问题。
所以我们一直在向强调反复记忆单词，但是如何反复记忆却是一个复杂的工作。
记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。
如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。
因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘曲线。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：17
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题没人否认创造力的重要性。
的确，今后当几乎所有的标准程序均由计算机来完成时，创造力会被证明为更重要。
然而，创造力与智力不能等同起来。
一位专家的聪明才智可能表现在~个或几个领域，但他对革新不一定感兴趣，或在这方面不一定成功。
与此相似，尽管革新要求一定程度的心智，但我们没有发现智力测试与创造力测试两者之间的重要联系。
的确，创造力好像更依赖于某种气质和个性一一敢于冒险，吃苦耐劳，锲而不舍，但首先要有改变现状，对社会留下深远影响的愿望，而不是提高各种信息处理的效率。
【答案】No one denies the importance of creativity. Indeed, creativity will prove more important in the future when almost all standard programming is done by computers. However, creativity and intelligence cannot be equated. An expert's intelligence may manifest itself in several or more areas, but he may not be interested in innovation or successful in it. Similarly, although innovation requires a certain level of mind, we have not found a significant link between tests of intelligence and tests of creativity. Indeed, creativity seems to depend more on a certain temperament and personality -- the willingness to take risks, to work hard, to persevere, to have a wish to change the current situation and make a far-reaching influence on the society, rather than improve the efficiency of processing all kinds of information.2.单选题A(n)（）test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required at school.问题1选项A.proficiencyB.intelligenceC.psychologyD.speed【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：20
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their pre-collegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal (名人轶事)reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Gold smith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.” Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.” As noted earlier, gifted children of al l kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeats’s level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy (神童)studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.1.The main point the author is making about schools is that（）.2.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmith's teachers（）.3.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who（）.4.Many gifted people attributed their success（）.5.The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is that （）. 问题1选项A.they should satisfy the needs of students from different family backgroundsB.they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented studentsC.they should organize their classes according to the students’ abilityD.they should enroll as many gifted students as possible问题2选项A.to provide support for his argumentB.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted childrenC.to explain how dull students can also be successfulD.to show how poor Oliver's performance was at school问题3选项A.paid no attention to their teachers in classB.contradicted their teachers much too oftenC.could not cope with their studies at school successfullyD.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers问题4选项A.mainly to parental help and their education at homeB.both to school instruction and to their parents’ coachingC.more to their parents’ encouragement than to school trainingD.less to their systematic education than to their talent问题5选项A.their nonconformity brought them a lot of troubleB.they were seldom praised by their teachersC.school courses failed to inspire or motivate themD.teachers were usually far stricter than their parents【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.观点态度题。
中国矿业大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案与解析
中国矿业大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案与解析Part One Cloze1．breakfast【解析】根据文中的时间顺序可知，这里应是准备早餐。
2．risen【解析】此处是说太阳升起来照到河上，因此应填risen。
3．with【解析】go with表示伴随。
4．collect【解析】这里是说采集玉米等，因此应填collect。
5．used【解析】be used for表示“用来做……”。
6．prepare【解析】此处是说准备晚餐，因此应填prepare。
7．new【解析】此处是说新的一天，因此应填new。
8．routine【解析】此处是说做同样的工作，routine可表示老一套惯常的且常常机械执行的程序或活动，因此应填routine。
9．spend【解析】此处是说白天花时间修补渔网，因此应填spend。
10．both【解析】“both…and…”表示“不但……而且……；既……又……”。
11．Later【解析】从时间上看前面讲的是一月，此处是八月和九月，因此应填later。
12．second【解析】前面讲到第一次播种的时间是一月，八月和九月应是第二次播种的时间，因此应填second。
13．sowing【解析】此处是说每次播种后过四个月就可以收获了，因此应填sowing。
14．again【解析】once again表示再一次。
15．asleep【解析】此处是说在孩子入睡后，因此应填asleep。
Part Two Reading ComprehensionPassage One1．D【解析】本题的四个选项中，只有D项为正确答案。
这可从文中的“The over-development of motor transport，with its increase of more cars，more highways，more pollution，more suburbs，more commuting，has contributed to the near destruction of our cities．”推知。
中国矿业大学(北京)博士入学英语阅读12-22
矿大（北京）博士入学英语阅读练习12-22Passage One (QQ群矿大北京2016考博370230165)Questions 16 to 19 are based on the following passage.Oil companies needs offshore platforms primarily because the oil or natural gas the companies extract from the ocean floor has to be processed before pumps can be used to move the substances ashore. But because processing crude (unprocessed oil or gas) on a platform rather than at facilities onshore exposes workers to the risks of explosion and to an unpredictable environment, researchers are attempting to diminish the need for human labor on platforms and even to eliminate platforms altogether by redesigning two kinds of pumps to handle crude. These pumps could then be used to boost the natural pressure driving the flow of crude, which, by itself, is sufficient only to bring the crude to the platform, located just above the wellhead. Currently, pumps that could boost this natural pressure sufficiently to drive the crude through a pipeline to the shore do not work consistently because of th e crude’s content. Crude may consist of oil or natural gas in multiphase states—combinations of liquids, gases, and solids under pressure—that do not reach the wellhead in constant proportions. The flow of crude oil, for example, can change quickly from 60 percent liquid to 70 percent gas. This surge in gas content causes loss of “head”, or pressure inside a pump, with the result that a pump can no longer impart enough energy to transport the crude mixture through the pipeline and to the shore.Of two pumps being redesigned, the positive-displacement pump is promising because it is immune to sudden shifts in the proportion of liquid to gas in the crude mixture. But the pump’s design, which consists of a single or twin screw pushing the fluid from one end of the pump to the other, brings crude into close contact with most parts of the pump, and thus requires that it be made of expensive, corrosion-resistant material. The alternative is the centrifugal pump, which has a rotating impeller that sucks fluid in at one end and forces fluid out at the other. Although this pump has a proven design and has worked for years with little maintenance in waste-disposal plants, researchers have discovered that because the swirl of its impeller separates gas out from the oil that normally accompanies it, significant reductions in head can occuras it operates.Research in the development of these pumps is focused mainly on trying to reduce the cost of the positive-displacement pump and attempting to make the centrifugal pump more tolerant of gas. Other researchers are looking at ways of adapting either kind of pump for use underwater, so that crude could be moved directly from the sea bottom to processing facilities onshore, eliminating platforms.16. Which one of following best expresses the main idea of the passage?A. Oil companies are experimenting with technologies that may help diminish the danger to workers from offshore crude processing.B. Oil companies are seeking methods of installing processing facilities underwater.C. Researchers are developing several new pumps designed to enhance human labor efficiency in processing facilities.D. Researchers are seeking to develop equipment that would preempt the need for processing facilities onshore.17. The passage supports which one of the following statements about the natural pressure driving the flow of crude?A. It is higher than that created by the centrifugal pump.B. It is constant regardless of relative proportions of gas and liquid.C. It is able to carry the crude only as far as the wellhead.D. It is able to carry the crude to the platform.18. With which one of the following statements regarding offshore platforms would the author most likely agree?A. If a reduction of human labor on offshore platform is achieved, there is no real need to eliminate platforms altogether.B. Reducing human labor on offshore platforms is desirable because researchers’ knowledge about the transportation of crude is dangerously incomplete.C. The dangers involved in working on offshore platforms make their elimination a desirable goal.D. The positive-displacement pump is the better alternative for researchers,because it would allow them to eliminate platforms altogether.19. The passage implies that the current state of technology necessitates that crude be moved to shoreA. in a multiphase stateB. in equal proportions of gas to liquidC. with small proportions of corrosive materialD. after having been processed16. A17. D18. C19. D。
中国矿业大学博士入学英语考试试题(2007)解读
Entrance Examination in English for Ph.D Candidates at CUMTB（November ,2007）提示：请将所有答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
Part One: Cloze (15 points)If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or （1）in your work would depend, to （2）great extent,（3）your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage.（4）the utmost importance is your attitude.A person （5）begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is （6）that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure（7）his belief that he is probably as capable （8）doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt near it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The（9）are that he will do well.（10）the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is hopeless cases.This book has been designed to （11）you capitalize on the strength and overcome the （12）that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first take stock of somewhere you stand now.（13）we get further along in the book, we'll be dialing in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening （14）skills. However, to begin with, you should pause to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your（15）, your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.Part Two: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes - begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighbouring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or "Nowcasts," was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information.Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.1.The word "exceeded" in paragraph 1 most probably means ____.[A] added up to[B] were more than[C] were about[D] were less than2.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere fails to predict such a short-lived tornado because____.[A] the computer is not used to forecast specific local events[B] the computers are not advanced enough to predict it[C] the weather data people collect are often wrong[D] weather conditions in some small regions are not available3.According to the passage, the word "Nowcast" (paragraph 3) means ____.[A] a way of collecting raw weather data[B] a forecast which can predict the weather conditions in the small area in an accurate way[C] a network to collect instant weather data[D] a more advanced system of weather observation4.According to the passage, ____ is the key factor to making "Nowcasts" a reality. [A] scientific and technological advances such as radar, or satellites[B] computer scientist[C] meteorologists[D] advanced computer programs5.According to the author, the passage mainly deals with ____.[A] a tornado in Edmonton, Alberta[B] what's a "Nowcast"[C] the disadvantage of conventional computer models of the weather forecast[D] a breakthrough in weather forecastPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Paradise Lost is Milton's masterpiece. Its story is taken from the Bible, about "the fall of man", that is, how Adam and Eve are tempted by Satan to disobey God by eating the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, and how they are punished by God and driven out of Paradise. In Milton's words, the purpose of writing the epic is to "justify the ways of God to men", but apparently, Milton is uttering his intense hatred of cruelness of the ruler in the poem. By depicting Satan and his followers as well as their fiery utterance and brave actions, Milton is showing a Puritan's revolt against the dictator and against the established Catholics and the Anglican Church.In the poem God is no better than a cruel and selfish ruler, seated on a throne with a group of angels about him singing songs to praise him. His long speeches are not pleasing at all. He is cruel and unjust in punishing Satan. His angels are stupid. But Satan is by far the most striking character in the poem, who rises against God and, though defeated, still persists in his fighting.Adam and Eve shows Milton's belief in the power of man. God denies them a chance to pursue forknowledge. It is this longing for knowledge that opens before mankind a wide road to intelligent and active life. It has been noted by many critics that Milton's revolutionary feelings makes him forget religious doctrines（教条）. The angels who surround the God never think of expressing any opinions of their own, and they never seem to have any opinions of their own. The image of God surrounded by such angels resembles the court of an absolute monarch . But Satan and his followers, who freely discuss all issues in council, remind us of a Republican Parliament.6.This passage is most probably ____.[A] a review of Milton's Paradise Lost[B] an introduction of what Paradise Lost is about[C] a depiction of the cruelness of the British ruler[D] part of an introduction to English literature7.According to the passage, Milton ____.[A] describes Satan as a Puritan[B] doesn't believe in God[C] is satisfied with the British ruler[D] calls on people to fight against the dictator8.In the poem, Satan is described as ____.[A] an evil person[B] contrary to what is depicted in the Bible[C] selfish and cruel devil[D] a stupid ghost9.Which of the following can NOT be inferred from this passage?[A] If Adam and Eve had not eaten the forbidden fruit, human being would be ignorant until now.[B] God acts like a dictator.[C] Satan and his followers are parliament members in the poem.[D] The angels are depicted as stupid in the poem.10.According to this passage, Paradise Lost is written for the purpose of ____.[A] praising God for the creation of the world[B] criticizing the cruelness of British ruler[C] changing people's unfavourable impression of Satan[D] expressing his support for the fight of SatanPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Bringing up children is a hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Harris has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long-term effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms. Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated developmental psychology for almost half a century.Ms. Harris's attack on the developmentalists' "nature" argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer group in childhood and adolescence. Ms. Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxed, or from learning to be honest or hard-working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms. Harris argues, be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and that people's child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook.11. According to Ms. Harris, ____.[A] parents are to blame for any bad behavior of their children[B] parents will affect greatly the children's life in the long run[C] nature rather than nurture has a significant effect on children's personality development[D] children's personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors12.Which of the following views is consistent with what the developmentalists hold?[A] Children are more influenced by their peers than by their parents.[B] Twins are quite different if they are reared in two separate families.[C] Identical twins reared in the same home are different in personality.[D] Nurture has a less significant effect on children's personality development.13.According to Para. 3, which of the following statements is TRUE?[A] It is harder to track the precise effects of parental upbringing than the exact influence of the peer group in children.[B] Immigrant children tend to discard the way their parents speak quickly when they go to school.[C] It has been proved that peers have more impact on children's qualities such as to be honest or hard-working or generous.[D] It is easier for children to acquire a language at school than at home.14.The word "ditched" ( Line 1,Para. 4) could best be replaced by ____.[A] proved[B] emphasized[C] compared[D] ignored15. What is the author's main purpose?[A] To highly praise Ms. Harris's work.[B] To counter Ms. Harris's work.[C] To objectively report on Ms. Harris's work.[D] To critically comment on Ms. Harris's work.Passage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done.” Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit the attainment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.16. What does the passage mainly discuss?[A] The problems faced by leaders.[B] How leadership differs in small and large groups.[C]How social groups determine who will lead them.[D]The role of leaders in social groups.17. The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT[A] recruitment[B] formal election process[C] specific leadership training[D] traditional cultural patterns18. Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from paragraph 2?[A] A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group[B] Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person[C] A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on leadership.[D] Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications.19. In mentioning “natural leaders”in line 8, the author is making the point that[A few people qualify as “natural leaders”.[B]there is no proof that “natural leaders”exist.[C] “natural leaders”are easily accepted by the members of a group.[D] “natural leaders”share a similar set of characteristics20. The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on[A ]ensuring harmonious relationships.[B]sharing responsibility with group members.[C]identifying new leaders.[D] achieving a goal.Passage FiveQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you..Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.21.The passage is mainly concerned with .［A］the different tastes of people for sports［B］the different characteristics of sports［C］the attraction of football［D］the attraction of baseball22.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that.［A］it is only to the taste of the old［B］it involves fewer players than football［C］it is not exciting enough［D］it is pretentious and looks funny23.The author admits that.［A］baseball is too peaceful for the young［B］baseball may seem boring when watched on TV［C］football is more attracting than baseball［D］baseball is more interesting than football24.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).［A］The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game［B］Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result ［C］The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well［D］The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it25.We can safely conclude that the author.［A］likes football［B］hates football［C］hates baseball［D］likes baseballPassage SixQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Improbable as it may seem, an increasing number of Germans are giving up their elegant Mercedeses, sleek BMWs and ferociously fast Porsches and getting behind the wheels of imported American models –fro plush Cadillacs to more prosaic Fords. Unlike the cars produced by Detroit’s European subsidiaries, these cars are as American as apple pie and watery beer. And thanks to a favorable exchange rate, they are more affordable than ever Last year Germans bought 12 477 new U.S. –built cars; sales are expected to double this year.Like blue jeans, this buy –America fad appeals to Germans from all walks of life. Once regarded as faulty, flashy, gas –guzzling Goliaths, American autos are –thanks in large measure to foreign competition –more stylish and reliable than in years past. Tugged, off- road vehicles like the four-wheel drive Jeep Cherokee are now the hot wheels to drive among Germany’s thirty- something set. Owners and Aficionados of American – made care also boast their cars are cheaper to maintain.But that’s not the main reason German motorists are choosing U.S. imports –It’s their price. Even after the cost of overseas shipping is included, American –made cars offer more value –and deluxe features –for less money than German models. A Chrysler LeBaron convertible sells for 35 000 marks; a BMW 320i convertible, by comparison, commands 10 000 marks more. And U.S. autos come with standard equipment – electric windows, automatic locks and sun roofs –that’s available only as expensive options on German models.Owning an American car in Germany is not for everybody. But the worst headaches come form the German bureaucracy. Johann Erben, a Greiburg dental lab technician, purchased a LeBaron convertible during a U.S. trip in November –and has yet to drive it one kilometer. First, he waited months for the proper registration documents to arrive; then he spent more than 1 000 marks to have it comply with German regulations. Even so, safety inspectors refused to approve it until he changed the headlights and windows to European Community standards. “There I was with my supermodern, $ 20,000 car and unable to get it through inspection,” Er ben recalled.26.Detroit’s European subsidiaries _______.[A]produce the same models as Detroit supplies in the U.S. market[B]provide cars of European styles[C]produce cars that are thought to be un-American by Germans[D]could hardly meet the demand for American cars last year27.The buy-American fad that appeals to Germans most seems to be _______.[A]blue jeans[B]apple pie[C]U.S.-made cars[D]watery beer28.As for Germans, American cars not only are cheaper but _______.[A]endures wear and tear[B]are adaptable to road conditions[C]provides greater space[D]offers more deluxe features29.Which of the following statements is true?[A]American cars used to consume a lot of oil.[B]Japanese cars still lead the German market.[C]The U.S. motor industry is now confident to cope with recession.[D]German cars are going to provide the same standard equipment as American-made cars.30.European Community standards probably are _______.[A]a law to control the amount of imported goods from other continents[B]a set of standards to inspect imported cars[C]a system to regulate measures of manufactured goods[D]a set of standards to control product qualityPart Three Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1. His ideas are invariably condemned as by his colleagues.[A] imaginative [B] ingenious [C] impractical [D] theoretical2. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to against the local authorities’ decisionto build a highway across the field.[A] contradict [B] reform [C] counter [D] protest3. The majority of nurses arc women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a .[A] minority [B] scarcity [C] rarity [D] minimum4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to government spending.[A] finance [B] expand [C] enlarge [D] budget5. The heat in summer is no less here in this mountain region.[A] concentrated [B] extensive [C] intense [D] intensive6. Taking photographs is strictly here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.[A] forbidden [B] rejected [C] excluded [D] denied7. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s rather than the company’s.[A] benefit [B] availability [C] suitability [D] convenience8. The priest made the of the cross when he entered the church.[A] mark [Bj signal [C] sign [D] gesture9. This spacious room is furnished with just a few articles in it.[A] lightly [B] sparsely [C] hardly [D] rarely10. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely[A] unjustified [B] unjust [C] misguided [D] unaccepted11. The head of the Museurr was and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.[A] promising [B] agreeing [C] pleasing [D] obliging12. The multinational corporation was making a take-over for a property company.[A1 application [B] bid [C] proposal [D] suggestion13. The party’s reduced vote was of lack of support for its policies.[A] indicative [B] positive [CJ revealing [D] evident14. There has been a lack of communication between the union and the management.[A] regretful [B] regrettable [C] regretting [DJ regretted15. The family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.[A] normal [B] average [C] usual [D] general16. The new colleague to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.[A] confess [B] declares [C] claims [D] confirms17. During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) room in the hotels here.[A] empty B] vacant [C] free [D] deserted18. Scientific research results can now be quickly to factory production.[A] used [B] applied [C] tried [D] practiced19. The computer can be programmed to a whole variety of tasks.[A] assign [B] tackle [C] realize [D] solve20. The team’s efforts to score were by the oppo sing goalkeeper.[A] frustrated [B] prevented [C] discouraged [D] accomplished21.1 only know the man by but I have never spoken to him.[A] chance [B] heart [C] sight [D] experience22. Being colour-blind, Sally can’t make a b etween red and green.[A] difference [B] distinction [C] comparison [D] division23.You must insist that students give a truthful answer with the reality of their world.[A] relevant [B] simultaneous [C] consistent [D]practical24. In order to raise money, Aunt Nicola had to with some of her most treasured possessions.[A] divide [B] separate [C] part [D] abandon25. The car was in good working when I bought it a few months ago[A] order [B] form [C] state [D] circumstance26.The customer expressed her for that broad hat.[A] disapproval [B] distaste [C] dissatisfaction [D] dismay27.In order to repair bams, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be .[A] restless [B] skilled [C]strong [D] versatile28.His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in to his income.[A] comparison [B] proportion [C] association [D] calculation29.As the manager was away on a business trip, I was asked to the weekly staff meeting.[A] preside [B] introduce [C] chair [D] dominate30.The of the word is unknown, but it is certainly not from Greek.[A] origin [B] generation [C] descent [D] causePart Four Translation (20 points)Section A: Translate the following passage into Chinese.Of all the advantageous characteristics to have，I think that perseverance plays the greatest role in one's success. Other characteristics，such as intelligence，confidence，and honesty，are no doubt important，but they do not necessarily guarantee success. Perseverance offers no guarantees either，but I believe that this trait offers one more opportunity to succeed. There are several reasons why perseverance often leads to success. Firstof all，a man who has perseverance does not give up after a failure. He tries again and can，therefore，learn from his mistakes. Second，a persistent person is usually a hard worker，and hard work is an important ingredient in success. Last，with perseverance comes a certain amount of confidence - the confidence that one will eventually succeed.Section B: Translate the following passage into English.我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。
2010年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2010年中国矿业大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Cloze 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Structure and V ocabulary 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingClozeMore than 600 million girls live in poverty in the developing world. Many of them are【C1】______in school and are not given the same opportunities【C2】______boys. New programs are aimed【C3】______helping girls and their families succeed. The unequal treatment of【C4】______is a big problem in many parts of the globe. But a new campaign hopes to show that girls can be the solution【C5】______ending poverty, disease and other global issues. It’s called the “girl effect”. According to the girl effect theory, one girl can make a positive change in the world, as【C6】______as she’s given a chance to succeed. An extra year of secondary school can boost a girl’s earnings【C7】______as much as 25%. If the 600 million girls in the developing world who live in poverty increased their earnings, 【C8】______could lift the world economy. Studies show that women are【C9】______likely than men to spend their paychecks【C10】______their families. With women working, children are more likely to stay in school, be better fed and be healthier.1．【C1】正确答案：discriminated解析：discriminate意为“歧视”，这里用做被动语态，表示某人收到歧视。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：39
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题爱因斯坦出生于德国南部的一个犹太中产阶级家庭。
母亲非常喜欢音乐。
爱因斯坦受她的影响很大。
她鼓励小爱因斯坦对小提琴和古典音乐的爱好。
他的父亲，一名工程师，对爱因斯坦的影响甚微。
不过，是他送给了他五岁儿子那个著名的玩具指南针，促发了小爱因斯坦的第一次“思想实验”：玩具中的针为什么总指向北？爱因斯坦后来成为一位伟大的物理学家。
他的思想早己超出了科学范围，影响着从绘画到诗歌的现代文化。
【答案】Einstein was born in a middle-class Jewish family in southern Germany. He was strongly impacted by his mother who was fond of music. She encouraged his passion for the violin and classical music. His father, an engineer, had little effect on Einstein. But it was he who gave his five-year-old son the famous toy compass that inspired young Einstein’s first “thought experiment”—what made the needle always point north? Later, Einstein became a great physicist. His ideas have gone beyond science, influencing modern culture from painting to poetry.2.单选题Within ten years they have tamed the（）hill into green woods.问题1选项A.vacantB.barrenC.weirdD.wasteful 【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。
中国矿业大学(北京)考博英语题型分析
2015中国矿业大学（北京）考博英语分析一、招考介绍从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。
攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。
二、中国矿业大学（北京）考博英语题型Part1:词汇，15题15分Part2:完型填空,20题10分。
Part3:阅读理解，五篇20题40分。
Part4:翻译短文，英译汉10分，汉译英10分。
Part5:写作，15分。
三、考博英语必备参考书育明考博教研部主编的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。
在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。
四、联系导师在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。
大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。
因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。
一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。
在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。
如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。
通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。
导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种：（1）、欢迎报考。
这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。
我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。
（2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。
很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。
其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。
(3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。
考博英语阅读理解及答案解析
Passage 1The physical distribution of products has two primary aspects: transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing. The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of products. Transportation can be by truck, rail-way, ship, or barge. For some items, such as exotic plants and flowers, or when rapid delivery is essential, air freight may be used.Storage, or warehousing, is a necessary function because production and consumption of goods rarely match: items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made. Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments, before the foods are sold. The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores.Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price. If, for example, no agricultural product could be stored, all food would have to be put on the market immediately. This would, of course, create a glut and lower prices drastically. There would be an immediate benefit to consumers, but in the long run they would suffer. Farmers, because of low prices, would be forced off the land, and the amount of food produced would decrease. This, in turn, would raise consumer prices.Warehouses for storage are of several types. Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses, in spite of their name, are privately owned facilities, but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership. General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of products. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods, especially food products. Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling. A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods, frequently imported, on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples.The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse. Many large com- panics have several manufacturing plants, sometimes located outside the country. Each plant does not make every company product but specializes in one or more of them. The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all product lines in one place. Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories. It reduces costs by speeding up product turnover. Very large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based1. The main subject of this passage is______.A) transportation and storage B) storage of productsC) distribution center D) two main aspects of product distribution2. Warehousing is important in that _A) inventories build up before the goods are soldB) the prices will go downC) more goods are produced than can be consumedD) the food has to be put on the market immediately3. How many types of warehouses for storage are discussed in the passage?A) 3. B) 4. C) 6. D) 7.4. Where might one find meat and milk?A) Grain elevator. B) Cold-storage warehouse.C) Private warehouse. D) Bonded warehouse.5. What is NOT true of a distribution center?A) It is a relatively new type of warehouse.B) Product is replaced more quickly and costs are down.C) Some distribution centers are not built in the sane country as the factoryD) It builds up extensive inventories to minimize storage.Passage 2How much pain do animals feel? This is a question which has caused endless controversy. Opponents of big game shooting, for example, arouse our pity by describing tile agonies of a badly-wounded beast that has crawled into a comer to die. In countries where the fox, the hare and the deer are hunted, animal-lovers paint harrowing pictures of the pursued animal suffering not only the physical distress of the chase but the mental anguish of anticipated death.The usual answer to these criticisms is that animals do not suffer in the same way, or to the same extent, as we de. Man was created with a delicate nervous system and has never lost his acute sensitiveness to pain; animals, on the other hand, had less sensitive systems to begin with and in the course of millions of years, have developed a capacity of ignoring injuries and disorders which human beings would find intolerable. For example, a dog will continue to play with a ball even after a serious injury to his foot; he may be unable to run without limping, but he will go on trying long after a human child would have had to stop because of the pain. We are told, moreover, that even when animals appear to us to be suffering acutely, this is not so; what seems to us to be agonized contortions caused by pain are in fact no more than muscular contractions over which they have no control.These arguments are unsatisfactory because something about which we know a great deal is being compared with something we can only conjecture. We know what we feel; we have no means of knowing what animals feet. Some creatures with a less delicate nervous system than ours may be incapable of feeling pain to the same extent as we do: that as far as we are entitled to do, the most humane attitude, surely, is to assume that no animals are entirely exempt from physical pain and that we ought, therefore, wherever possible, to avoid causing suffering even to the least of them.6. Animal-lovers assume that animals, being hunted, would suffer from ____.A) a great deal of agony both in body and in spiritB) mental distress once they are woundedC) only body pains without feeling sadD) crawling into the comer to die7. Supporters of game shooting may argue that animals ______.A) cannot control their muscular contractionsB) have developed a capacity of feeling no painC) are not as acutely sensitive as human beings to injuriesD) can endure all kinds of disorders8. The author feels sure that _____.A) animals don't show suffering to usB) dogs are more endurable than human childrenC) we cannot know what animals feelD) comparing animals with human beings is not appropriate9. What is the author's opinion about animal hunting?A) We should feel the same as the hunted animals do.B) We should protect and save all the animals.C) We shouldn't cause suffering to them.D) We should take care of them if we can.10. This passage seems to ____.A) argue for something B) explain somethingC) tell a story D) describe an objectPassage 3In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A the-ory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experi-merits to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists' predictions, the theory is sup-ported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house."Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem areformulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses.In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes ob-servations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.11. The word "this" in the 3rd sentence in paragraph 1 refers to ______.A) a good example B) an imaginary modelC) the kinetic molecular theory D) an observed event12. Bricks are mentioned in the 3rd paragraph to indicate how ____.A) mathematicians approach scienceB) building a house is like performing experimentsC) science is more than a collection of factsD) scientific experiments have led to improved technology13. In the last paragraph, the author refers to a hypothesis as "a leap into the unknown" in or- der to show that hypotheses ______.A) are sometimes ill-conceived B) can lead to dangerous resultsC) go beyond available facts D) require effort to formulate14. What is a major function of hypotheses as implied in the last paragraph7A) Sifting through known facts.B) Communicating a scientist's thoughts to others.C) Providing direction for scientific research.D) Linking together different theories.15. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A) Theories are simply imaginary models of past events.B) It is better to revise a hypothesis than to reject it.C) A scientist's most difficult task is testing hypotheses.D) A good scientist needs to be creative.文章大意：这篇文章从定义、作用及产生过程几方面阐述了科学理论。
中国矿业大学考博英语真题及其精解
中国矿业⼤学考博英语真题及其精解中国矿业⼤学考博英语真题及其精解Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order forQuestions41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs intoa coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in eachnumbered box.The first and the last paragraphs have been placed foryou in Boxes.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)[A]“I just don’t know how to motivate them to do a better job.We’re in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewardsat my disposal.In fact,we’ll probably have to lay some people offin the near future.It’s hard for me to make the job interesting andchallenging because it isn’t—it’s boring,routine paperwork,andthere isn’t much you can do about it.[B]“Finally,I can’t say to them that their promotions willhinge on the excellence of their paperwork.First of all,they knowit’s not true.If their performance is adequate,most are more likelyto get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of yearsthan for some specific outstanding act.Second,they were trained todo the job they do out in the streets,not to fill out forms.Allthrough their career it is the arrests and interventions that getnoticed.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jiexi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liuliu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu sanqi.[C]“I’ve got a real problem with my officers.They come on theforce as young,inexperienced men,and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a heat.They seem to like the contact they have with the public,the action involved in crime prevention,and the apprehension of criminals.They also like helping people out at fires, accidents,and other emergencies.[D]“Some people have suggested a number of things like using conviction records as a performance criterion.However,we know that’s not fair—too many other things are involved.Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court,but good paperwork doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll win.We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports,but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly.No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition,and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.”[E]“The problem occurs when they get back to the station.They hate to do the paperwork,and because they dislike it,the job is frequently put off or done inadequately.This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court.We need clear,factualreports.They must be highly detailed and unambiguous.As soon as one part of a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect,the rest of the report is suspect.Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor.[F]“So I just don’t know what to do.I’ve been groping in the dark in a number of years.And I hope that this seminar will shed somelight on this problem of mine and help me out in my future work.”[G]A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators,managers and/or executives of various departments throughout the city.At one of these sessions the topic to be discussed was motivation—how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job.The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussion.Order:G4142434445F答案详解41.【解析】[C]按照答题步骤，我们⾸先应当对已知信息进⾏研读，即阅读⾸尾段，归纳语篇的基本结构，找出答题的线索。
中国矿业大学考博英语真题2017年
中国矿业大学考博英语真题2017年Section ⅠReading ComprehensionDirections: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneAs the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society.The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses and other agencies.Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population. Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home.Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home. In the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women tobe consumer homemaker—cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite out-of-date.1. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was ______.A.the growing number of schools in frontier communitiesB.an increase in the number of trained teachersC.the expanding economic problems of schoolsD.the increased urbanization of the entire country答案：D[解答] 本题定位于第一段第二、三句话“The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第4期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题人和人之间没什么大的差别。
任何人都是伟大与渺小、善良与邪恶、高尚与低俗的混合体。
有的人个性比较坚毅，或者机会比较好，所以能在某个方而更自由地发挥自己的禀赋，但是人的潜能都是相同的。
就拿我来说，我认为自己并不比大多数人更好或更差，但是我知道，假如我记下我生命中每一个举动和每一个掠过脑海的想法的话，世人将会把我视作一个邪恶的怪物。
每个人都会有这些怪念头，认识到这一点，人们就更能包容自己、包容他人。
认识到这一点，我们就能以同情的态度看待同伴，即便他们是最优秀最值得尊敬的人：认识到这一点，我们也就不会把自己太当一回事了。
【答案】There is little difference between people. Every man is a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of nobility and baseness. Some people have more strength of character, or better opportunities, so they can use their gifts more freely in one direction or another, but people’s potential is the same. For my part, I don’t think I’m better or worse than most people, but I know if I write down every action in my life and every thought that crosses my mind, other people will regard me as an evil monster. Everyone has these whims, and by recognizing that people are more tolerant of themselves and others. By recognizing this, we can view our fellow men with compassion, even if they are the best and most respectable. By recognizing thi s, we don’t take ourselves too seriously.2.单选题It is no（）that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.问题1选项A.coincidenceB.correspondenceC.inspirationD.intuition【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第27期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The volcano laid（）now, but we felt sure it would erupt again within the year.问题1选项A.inactiveB.slackC.elevatedD.inattentive【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。
inactive “不活动的，不活跃的”；slack “懒惰的，懈怠的”；elevate “举起，提起”；inattentive “不注意的，漫不经心的”；根据句意‘尽管火山目前是（）状态，但是我们确信今年它会再次喷发。
’确定A选项正确。
2.单选题With the increasing unemployment rate, female workers who are 45 to 55 years old are usually the first to be（）.问题1选项id asideid upid outid off【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析题。
lay aside “放弃（某种习惯），积蓄（金钱），把…放在一边”；lay up“放置不用，贮存，储蓄，使（某人）待在床上或室内”；lay out“设计; 展示，安排”；lay off “暂时解雇，裁员，停止工作”；根据句意‘随着失业率不断上升，45-55岁的女性工人通常最先被（）。
’确定D选项正确。
3.翻译题It’s no ble to seek truth, and it is beautiful to find it. It is the ancient feeling of the human heart, that knowledge is better than riches; and it is deeply and sacredly true. To mark the course of human passions as they have flowed on in the ages that are past; to see why nations have risen, and why they have fallen; to speak of heat, and light, and the winds; to know what man has discovered in the heavens above and in the earth beneath……. It is worthwhile in the days of our youth to strive hard for this great discipline. A man who dedicates his life to knowledge, becomes habituated to pleasure which carries with it no regret.【答案】追求真理是高尚的，发现真理是美好的。
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中国矿业大学考博英语阅读理解真题解析与指导
Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and
considered of no account in his society?I am going to suggest that
it is not true.Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he
observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American.But
they have done more than that.They have grown dissatisfied with the
role of intellectual.It is they,not American,who have become
anti-intellectual.
First,the object of our study pleads for definition.What is an
intellectual?(46)I shall define him as an individual who has elected
as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in
Socratic(苏格拉底)way about moral problems.He explores such problem
consciously,articulately,and frankly,first by asking factual
questions,then by asking moral questions,finally by suggesting
action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral
information which he has obtained.(47)His function is analogous to
that of a judge,who must accept the obligation of revealing in as
obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him
to his decision.
（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as
intellectuals----the average scientist for one.48)I have excluded
him because,while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution
of moral problems,he has not been charged with the task of approaching
any but the factual aspects of those problems.Like other human beings,
he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties---he is not supposed to cook his experiments,manufacture evidence,or doctor his reports.49)But his primary task is not to think about the moral code,which governs his activity,any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted,as the businessman takes his ethics.
The definition also excludes the majority of factors,despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living(50)They may teach very well,and more than earn their salaries,but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.This description even fits the majority eminent scholars.“Being learned in some branch of human knowledge in one thing,living in public and industrious thoughts”,as Emersion would say,“is something else.”
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。