(完整word版)人教版初二上册英语第八单元unit8语法篇
人教版八年级上册英语第八单元重点知识总结
人教版八年级上册英语第八单元重点知识总结第一篇：人教版八年级上册英语第八单元重点知识总结Unit 8 1.Words Milk shakeblender spoon oven plate pot yogurt honey watermelon salt sugar sandwich cheese turkey butter pepper peel pour add mix fill cover finally corn machine dig piece tradition autumn traveler England celebrate serve temperature 重点讲解：1)shakevt.动摇；摇动；震动vi.动摇；摇动；发抖n.奶昔milk shake Eg:握手：They shook and greeted with each other.他们握了握手，互致问候。
(说话)结结巴巴，吞吞吐吐，(声音)颤抖： Her voice shook with emotion.她的声音因激动而颤抖。
使震惊，令…感到震撼：The experience shook him badly.这次经历令他大为震惊。
<拓>短语shake off 摆脱；抖落shake hands with 与……握手milk shake 奶昔（牛奶和冰淇淋等的混合饮料）2)Pour n.倾泻；流出；骤雨vt.灌，注；倒；倾泻；倾吐vi.倾泻；斟茶 Eg:使流，灌；倒；注；Mother poured sugar out of a bag into a pot.母亲把糖从袋中倒入罐内。
喷散(液体、粉、粒、光线等)；流(血等)；倾注；源源不断地输送：The Yangtze River pours itself into the sea.长江流入大海。
不断流出；泻；流：Sweat poured down from her face.汗珠不断地从她的脸上流下。
人教版新课标八年级上册英语Unit8知识点归纳_1.docx
人教版新课标八年级上册英语 Unit8 知识点归纳Unit8Hoasyourschooltrip?【复习目标】●学会询问和谈论过去发生的事情●了解全班同学的周末活动【语言目标】●h atdidyoudoonyourschooltrip?●D idyougotothezoo?No,Ididn ’t.Ienttotheaquariu.●e rethereanyshars?No,thereeren’tanyshars,butthereeresoereallysartseals.【语言结构】●规则动词和不规则动词的一般过去式●一般过去时的肯定句和否定句●Didyou.....,erethere.....引导的一般疑问句【重点词汇】●aquariu,sciencecenter,giftshop,/seal,shar,octopus●ate,too,hungout,got,/goforadrive,sleeplate,yardsale,dayoff【应掌握的词组】talabout 谈论， talover谈论giveatal作报告haveataltosb.与某人谈话gotothebeach去海滩haveicecrea吃冰淇淋gotothezoo去动物园gototheaquariu去水族馆hangoutithone’ sfriends和朋友闲逛taephotos=taeaphoto=taepictures=taeapicture照相0.buyasouvenir买纪念品1.havepizza吃比萨饼afaousactor著名的演员3.getone ’ sautograph得到了某人的亲笔签名inaprize赢得奖品attheaquariu在水族馆haveagreattie玩得高兴，过得愉快ontheschooltrip在学校的旅游BlueaterAquariu蓝色水族馆theVisitors’ center游客中心0.adolphinsho海豚表演1.afterthat后2.attheendof⋯在⋯⋯束的候，在⋯⋯的尽3.theGiftShop礼品店atthebeginningof⋯在 .. 开始的候aterribleschooltrip糟糕的学校旅行thatsoundsinteresting那听起来很有趣aeupastory一个故事goforadrive开兜0.intherain在雨中inthedar 在黑暗中 \inthesun在阳光下inthesno在雪中taenotesof=ritedon=copydon写下，下havefundoingsth.很快的做某事3.playputergaes打游forsale供售seeyousoon 盼望很快到你inone ’ sopinion据某人看来,某人的点上看inthefirstprize得了一等afaousbasetballplayer著名的球运inthefuture在将来，今后0.can ’ thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事1.thestorygoesthat⋯据⋯⋯2.abusydayoff繁忙的假日，inone ’ soffhours在某人的休息theoffseason淡季3.noneof ⋯⋯⋯当中没有一个4.aheavyrain一大雨alightrain一小雨afinerain一雨4.allday=alldaylong整天allnight=allnightlong整夜【掌握的句子】Hoasyourschooltrip?你的学校旅行怎么？翻：今天天气怎么？前天天气怎么？你的假日怎么？Talabouteventsinthepast.去的事件。
人教版八年级英语上册第八单元知识详解
人教版八年级英语上册第八单元知识详解人教版八年级英语上册第八单元知识详解Unit 8 How was your school trip?考点扫描：一）习惯用语：hang out with…和…闲逛（过去式hung）take photos/pictures照相go to the zoo去动物园go to the aquarium 去水族馆buy a souvenir 买一份纪念品buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 买某物给某人give sb. sth.=give sth.to sb.把某物给某人pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb.递某物给某人get one’s autograph 得到某人的亲笔签名win a prize 得了一个奖（过去式won）win the first prize 得了冠军Visitors’ Center 游客中心on the school trip 在学校旅游中at the end of… 在…的尽头watch a dolphin show 观看海豚表演day off 休息日have fun doing sth. 做某事有趣go for a drive 去兜风have/take a class 上课on my next day off 在我下一个休息日see you soon再见(have) a yard sale (进行)庭院旧货出售in the future 未来，将来take the bus back to school坐公共汽车回到学校in the rain 在雨中in the sun 在太阳下in the yard 在院子里come back from… 从…回来what else 别的什么after that 之后That sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣.sleep late 睡懒觉二）重点句型：1．I went to the aquarium，I didn't go to the zoo.我去了水族馆，我没去动物园。
人教版八年级英语上册课件：Unit 8 单元语法精讲与精练(Grammar Focus)
第三课时 单元语法精讲与精练 (Grammar Focus)
单元语法精讲
Ⅰ、祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形；祈使句一般读 降调，句末用“！”或“.”。 如：Come in！Be careful! 1．祈使句所能表达的含义： 表示命令；禁止；请求，恳求；忠告，劝告；建议，指示；邀请；提供； 祝愿；警告，威胁；允诺；诅咒；自忖等含义。
Ⅱ、单项选择。
( B )6.—Don't smoke here，please.
—
.
A．I don't
B．Sorry，I won't
Hale Waihona Puke C．No wayD．I will
( C )7. A．How
milk does Tina need? B．How many
C．How much
D．When
( C )8.Please give me two A．tomato C．tomatoes ( D )9.Boys and girls, A．to come C．coming
11．If you don't listen to me，I'll go.(改为同义句)
Listen
to me，or I'll go.
12．The teachers often tell the students not to be careless.(改为祈使句)
Don't
be careless，please.
13．I have three sisters.(对画线部分提问)
How many
人教版八年级上册英语 Unit 8词汇与语法基础(解析版)
知识图谱Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?知识精讲一、必背词汇anyone [‘eniwʌn] pron.任何人anywhere [‘eniweə(r)] adv.任何地方n.任何(一个)地方wonderful [‘wʌndəfl] adj.精彩的；极好的few [fjuː] adj.很少的；n.少量most [məʊst] adj.最多的；大多数的；something [‘sʌmθɪŋ] pron.某事物；nothing(=not…anything) [‘nʌθɪŋ]pron.没有什么n.没有everyone [‘evriwʌn] pron.每人；人人myself [maɪ’self] pron.我自己yourself [jɔː’self] pron.你自己；你亲自hen [hen] n.母鸡；雌禽pig n.猪seem [siːm] vi.似乎；好像bored [bɔːd] adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的someone [‘sʌmwʌn] pron.某人；有人diary [‘daɪəri] n.日记；日记簿activity [æk’tɪvəti] n.活动；活跃paragliding [‘pærəɡlaɪdɪŋ] n.空中滑翔跳伞feel like(doing sth.)想要bird [bɜːd] n.鸟；禽bicycle [‘baɪsɪkl] n.自行车building [‘bɪldɪŋ] n.建筑物trader [‘treɪdə(r)] n.商人；商船wonder [‘wʌndə(r)] v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference [‘dɪfrəns] n.差异；不同top [tɒp] n.顶部；顶wait [weɪt] v.等；等待(wait for)umbrella [ʌm’brelə] n.伞；雨伞wet [wet] adj.湿的；雨天的below [bɪ’ləʊ] prep.低于；在...下面adv.在下面enough [ɪ’nʌf] adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地hungry(反full) [‘hʌŋɡri] adj.饥饿的；渴望的as [əz] conj.如同；像...一样hill美[hɪl] n. 小山；丘陵；斜坡；山冈duck [dʌk] n.鸭肉；鸭dislike [dɪs’laɪk] v./ n. 不喜欢；厌恶Central Park 中央公园Huangguoshu waterfall 黄果树瀑布Hangkong H.K. 香港Malaysia 马来西亚Georgetown 圭亚那乔治敦港口，美国乔治城大学Weld Quay街(海乾街/码头) 位于马来西亚槟城岛(州),乔治市Penang Hill 马来西亚槟榔山（升旗山）tian’anmen square天安门广场the Palace Museum 故宫博物院二、重点词汇1. wonderful adjective /ˈwʌn.də.fəl/extremely good绝妙的，令人惊叹的，极好的1). He’s a wonderful cook.他是个非常出色的厨师。
人教版英语八年级上册Unit8全单元所有重点知识复习总结
Uni t 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?❖重要知识点●可数名词与不可数名词的“数量”➢可数名词：milk shake奶昔，blender食物搅拌器，watermelon西瓜, spoon勺子, pot锅, machine机器, hole洞；坑, sandwich三明治, turkey火鸡, piece块；片；段, pumpkin南瓜, oven烤箱, plate盘子, pepper辣椒➢不可数名词：yogurt酸奶，honey蜂蜜, salt盐, sugar食糖, cheese奶酪, popcorn爆米花, corn玉米, butter黄油, lettuce生菜, gravy肉汁, pie果馅派, pepper胡椒粉(1)可数名词在句中出现时：1.复数形式，如：some bananas, many apples, a lot of machines, the sandwiches, two spoons,our watermelons.2.单数形式，如：a banana milk shake, the cheese sandwich, my blender.(2)不可数名词的数量：1. 大概的量，如：some honey, much sugar, a lot of salt.2. 具体的量，如：a piece of bread一片面包 a glass of yogurt一杯酸奶a spoon of honey一勺蜂蜜 a bag of salt一包盐a bowl of rice一碗米饭 a kilo of beef 一公斤牛肉three pieces of cheese三块奶酪多少How many +可数名词复数...? How many pieces of bread do weneed?我们需要多少片面包？How much +不可数名词...? How much bread do you want?你想要多少面包？多少钱How much + 一般疑问句？How much is the bread?这面包多少钱？●动副短语：代词放中间；名词放两边1.cut up切碎Eg: Wash the tomatoes and cut them up.把西红柿洗了并切碎。
人教版新目标英语八年级上册 Unit 8 单元语法小专题
单元语法小专题Grammar Focus语法精讲一、祈使句的运用祈使句是表示命令、请求别人做某事或征求对方意见的句子。
祈使句很大一部分直接用动词原形开头，成了典型的“无主句”。
如：Come to school earlier next time.下次早点来学校。
Li Ping, answer the question, please.李萍，请回答这个问题。
祈使句一般在运用中，常可在句首或句尾加上“please”,please意为“请”，放在句尾时一般用“，”与前面的句子隔开，祈使句通常又可分为下面几种类型：1.肯定祈使句，一般将动词原形放在句子开头。
如：Stand up, please.起立。
Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。
2.否定祈使句，一般在肯定祈使句前加上don’t构成，表示“不要……”之意。
如：Lucy，don’t watch TV any more.露西，不要再看电视了。
Please don’t do it like that!请不要再像那样做了！3.以“let”开头的祈使句，let意为“让”，一般句子结构为“let sb. do sth.”。
如：Let us go out for a walk, Mr.Wu.吴先生，我们去外面散步吧。
Let your father come to visit me this afternoon.让你爸爸今天下午来见我。
二、可数名词与不可数名词普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词+计量名词+of+可数名词的复数形式”来表示。
如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜。
不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词+计量名词+of+不可数名词”结构。
如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶。
可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。
人教新目标英语八年级上册unit8单元知识点归纳
人教新目标英语八年级上册Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?一、单元语法详解（祈使句）祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告，主语通常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。
1. 肯定的祈使句(1) 句型：动词原形+ 其他部分e.g. Come in!/ Be quiet!(2) 有时为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加上do表示务必、一定。
e.g. Do look out!2. 否定句的祈使句(1) 句型：Don’t + 动词原形+ 其他成分e.g. Don’t be late.(2) Let’s not + 动词原形+ 其他成分e.g. Let’s not play football.3. (1) 为了表示委婉的语气可在句首或句尾加上please，但please加在句尾时，前面要用逗号隔开。
e.g. Please sit down./ Stand up, please.(2) 在意思较为明显的情况下，可把谓语动词省去。
e.g. This way, please. 请这边走。
(3) 有时为了明确地向对方提出请求或发出命令，可加称呼语，但称呼语要与句子隔开。
(4) 某些名词、形容词或副词等后面加感叹号，也可为祈使句。
e.g. Hands up!/ Taxi!Grammar Focus单元同步语法精讲►可数名词可以与不定冠词连用，有复数形式；不可数名词没有复数形式，不能被不定冠词或数词直接修饰。
表示特指时，可数名词和不可数名词都可以用定冠词the修饰。
e.g：an apple一个苹果；bread面包►可数名词表示复数意义时可用many，a few等修饰；不可数名词可以用much，a little等修饰。
另外，这两类名词都可以用some，any，lots of等修饰。
e.g：many students许多学生；much money许多钱；some books一些书；some juice 一些果汁►可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来表示确切的数量；不可数名词要表示确切的数量时，则用“数词＋表示量的名词(单/复数)＋of＋不可数名词”结构。
人教版八年级上册英语Unit8知识点梳理及语法讲义(教师版)
八年级上册英语Unit 8知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理（一）完成单词梳理：名词：1. blender食物搅拌器 2. yogurt 酸奶 3. honey 蜂蜜4. watermelon 西瓜5. spoon 勺；调羹6. pot 锅7. salt 食盐8. sugar 食糖9. cheese 干酪；奶酪10. popcorn 爆米花11. corn 玉米；谷物12. machine 机器；机械装置13. hole 洞；孔；坑14. lettuce 莴苣；生菜15. sandwich 三明治16. butter 黄油；奶油17. turkey 火鸡18. piece 片；块；段19. Thanksgiving 感恩节20. autumn 秋天；秋季21. gravy （调味）肉汁22. pumpkin 南瓜23. pie 果馅饼；果馅派24. pepper 胡椒粉；柿子椒25. oven 烤箱；烤炉26. plate 盘子；碟子27. temperature 温度；气温；体温动词：1. peel 剥皮；去皮 2. pour 倒出；倾倒 3. add 增加；添加4. dig 掘（地）；凿（洞）5. celebrate 庆祝；庆贺6. prepare 使做好准备；把……准备好7. fill （使）充满；填满8. serve 接待；服务；提供副词：1. finally 最后；最终形容词：1. traditional 传统的；惯例的 2. mashed 捣烂的兼类词：1. shake （v/n）摇动；抖动 2. mix （n）混合配料（v）（使）混合；融合3. cover （v）遮盖；覆盖（n）覆盖物；盖子；封面(二) 词汇变形小结：1. shake (v. 摇动) — shook (过去式)2. final (adj. 最后的；最终的) — finally (adv. 最后；最终)3. dig (v. 掘地) — dug (过去式) — digging (现在分词)4. tradition (n. 传统) — traditional (adj. 传统的；惯例的) — traditionally (adv.传统地；惯例地)5. celebrate (v. 庆祝；庆贺) — celebration (n. 庆典；庆祝活动)6. prepare (v. 使做好准备) — preparation (n. 准备；准备工作)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空1.My father __finally___(final) agreed to let me go on the trip.2.I __shook____(shake) the medicine bottle before I took the medicine.3.Jack ate three __tomatoes___ (tomato) for breakfast this morning.4.The boys ___dug_____ (dig) twenty holes for the trees last Sunday.5.The Spring Festival is a __traditional___ (tradition) festival in China..6.Some friends of mine like to eat __sandwiches___ (sandwich) with onions.7.My brother often ___mixes____(mix) his Chinese books and English books.8.Why not ___serve____ (serve) the soup to your friend, Kate?9.My sister helped me ___to pour___ (pour) the water into the cup.10.Could you please tell me how ___to make___ an apple shake? (make)(三) 短语攻关：milk shake 奶昔turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开cut up 切碎pour...into...把……倒进……里good idea好主意put...into... 把……放进……里a piece of 一片；一块；一段mix up 混合cover...with...用……覆盖fill...with... 用……把……装满one by one 逐个；逐一traditional food 传统食物at a very high temperature以高温at this time 在这时give thanks for sth 因某事/物而感谢give thanks to sb对某人表示感谢1. Turn on the blender. 打开食物搅拌器。
人教版八年级英语上册Unit8知识点归纳整理
人教版八年级英语上册Unit8知识点归纳整理人教版八年级英语上册Unit 8知识点归纳整理Unit8 Hw d yu ake a banana ilk shake?短语归纳ilk shake奶昔turn n接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开pur…int…把……倒入……a up f ygurt一杯酸奶a gd idea好主意n Saturday在星期六ut up切碎put…int…把……放入……ne re thing还有一件事a piee f一片/张/段/首……at this tie在这时a few一些；几个fill… with…用……把……装满ver…with…用……覆盖……ne by ne一个接一个；逐个；依次a lng tie很长时间hw any+可数名词复数多少……hw uh+不可数名词多少……It’s tie (fr sb.)+t d sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下……然后…….最后……want + t d sth.想要做某事frget+t d sth.忘记去做某事hw + t d sth.如何做某事need+t d sth.需要做某事ake+宾语+形容词使……怎样let sb. +d sth.让某人做某事语法讲解Need:需要 (v情: ) 用于否定和疑问: yu needn’t tell e. 你没有必要告诉我。
Need I g there? yes, yu ust./havet. N, yu needn’t.in need f…: 需要… at need: 在紧急时5.These days,st Aeriansstill elebratethis idea f giving thanks /by having a big ealat he with their faily.现在，大部分的美国人仍然通过和家人在家里共进丰盛的一餐庆祝这个感恩的节日。
人教版八年级英语上册第八单元必背课文、单词、重点短语与语法梳理汇总
八年级英语上册第八单元必背课文、单词、重点短语与语法梳理汇总一、必背课文2d 对话部分Tony: Hi, Mark. I want to have a class party. Will you help me organize it?Mark: Sure, Tony. I'd love to. When shall we have the party?Tony: Let's have it today after class.Mark: No, today is too busy. If we have it today, half the class won't come.Tony: OK, let's have it tomorrow then.Mark: Hmm... There's a test the day after tomorrow. Students will leave early to study for the test. Why not have it on the weekend?Tony: OK, good idea. Let's have it on Saturday afternoon. We can all meet and watch a video.Mark: No, I don't think we should watch a video. Some students will be bored. Let's play party games instead.Tony: OK, good idea. Can you organize the party games?Mark: Sure, I can do that. And can you make some food for us?Tony: Yes, no problem.这篇对话重点如下：-计划班级派对的讨论：围绕派对的时间、活动内容展开讨论，展示了如何协商安排活动，运用了“will + 动词原形”表示将来可能性的用法，如“half the class won't come”“Students will leave early”等。
人教版初二英语八上unit8知识点详解突出考点.docx
UNIT 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?Section A1.How do you make a banana milk shake?1)make v.制作；做。
make sb.sth.或make sth.for sb.为某人制作某物Lucy made a beautiful card for me.盟西为我制作了一张漂亮的卡片。
①make sb do sth 使.…做某事let sb do sth让某人做某事②makc+宾语+n.使/让….成为.. We made him captain of our football team.®makc+宾语+cd.使/让.…被... 表被动Fd like to make you known to my friends.④make+宾语+ing.使/让某事、某人……宾语与现在的分词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
® make sb+ adj. You make me happy.辨析：make和domake和do都是实义动词，都含有“做……”之意，但二者在用法上有一些区别。
make强调用某一种原材料“制作"某种成品或经过努力做成某事。
make dumplings包水饺,make breakfast做早饭She often makes clothes herself.她经常口己做衣服。
do通常强调做某件事，某项工作等，而不涉及动作的内容，是做事的通称。
Students do their homework every day.学生们每天做作业。
do one's best to do sth=try one's best to do sth; do an experiment 做实验;do one's homework; do well in sth=be good at sth; do sports=play sports2)how作疑问副词，用以询问做某事的方式、方法①询问健康状况、天气等© 询问数量how many/much③表示感叹How I wish to have a long vacation these day!④与can连用询问利用,含有责备或惊讶的语气.How can you do such a thing to her? 【例1 】_____ did you make the model plane?A. WhatB. HowC. WhichD. Who【例2 ] You should ______ s omething by yourself.A. doB. makeC. haveD. did【例3 】I often ____ some cleaning on weekends.A. makeB. makingC. do D・ Doing（2014 宁波期末统考题）一 _ do you cook noodles? 一First boil the noodles, then.....A.whyB.whoC.howD.what（宇波中考题）一Can I help you, dear? —Yeah, I don't know ________ a banana milk shake・ Maybe you can teach me・A.what to doB.when to make Chow to make D.why to do2.fhe milk shake1）n. shake奶昔，表示一种饮料。
人教版八年级上册英语Unit8考点汇总
人教版八年级上册英语Unit8考点汇总Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?Part 1 重点语法(1)可数名词和不可数名词①可数名词可数名词指物体的数量可数。
其单数形式可在名词前直接加a或an，表示“一个”。
其复数形式要在词尾加“-s”或“-es”（特殊情况除外）。
例：a banana 一根香蕉two bananas 两根香蕉②不可数名词不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。
不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在单词前直接加冠词a或an。
表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的量词构成短语。
③可数名词与不可数名词的修饰词可数名词的数量除了用冠词“a, an”和基数词表示外，还可用下面的词表示：many许多many applesa few几个a few studentsfew很少few people不可数名词还可用下面的词表示数量：much许多much raina little一点儿a little waterlittle很少little meat既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的词有：lots of=a lot of许多，大量lots of milk;lots of studentssome一些（用于肯定句）some water;some apples(2)祈使句的用法用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。
祈使句因主语是第二人称，所以通常省略主语，以动词原形开头，句末则使用句点或感叹号来表示结束。
祈使句类型V型祈使句以行为动词开头Listen to me, please. 请听我讲。
B型祈使句以be开头Be quiet, please. 请安静。
L型祈使句以let开头Let me help you. 让我帮你。
Let’s go home! 咱们回家吧! N型祈使句以no开头No photos! 禁止拍照! No smoking! 禁止吸烟!P型祈使句带pleasePlease sit down.= Sit down, please.请坐。
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Unit 8 语法篇名词：1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：（1）、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。
专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。
如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。
如：the Great Wall(长城)姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。
（2）、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。
如：pupil, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。
▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。
如：water, news, oil, population, information .2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：①在单数名词词尾加s。
如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.[注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。
如：photo→photos, piano→pianos. 有生命加-es, 没生命加-s③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。
如：family→families, city→cities, party →parties.④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。
如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives. 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架下保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
2、不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.3、名词所有格：名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。
其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。
如：Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。
只在词尾加’。
如：Teachers’ Day(教师节)(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如：today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),China’s population(中国的人口).(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。
如：a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).2、[注解]：①‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)②两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)③“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very goodclass.(三班是好班)②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a mapof China.(三班有张中国地图)3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。
如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。
如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。
如：There is a table and four chairsin the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。
如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。
如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边) 11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。
如：Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。
/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。
如：Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)但是,population一词又有特殊情况： What’s the population of China?(中国人口是多少？)(句子用单数) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)一、单项选择1. People in America eat much .A.coffeeB.onionsC.beefD.iced water2. --- How many there in the box?--- There is only one.A.sandwich isB.sandwiches areC.sandwich areD.sandwichs are3. Give me onion and a tomato, and I need them to make my sandwich.A.aB.theC.anD./4. --- What did you have for breakfast?--- I had .A.three breadB.three pieces of breadC.three pieces breadD.three pieces of breads5. cheese do you need?A.How manyB.How muchC.HowD.How long二、按要求转换句型6. The watermelon is 15 yuan. (就划线部分提问)is the watermelon?7. There are sixty minutes in an hour. (就划线部分提问)are there in an hour?8. Miss Gao needs 3 spoons of honey. (就划线部分提问)honey Miss Gao need?一、单选1. Let’s _______ banana and apple milk shake.A. makeB. makesC. doD. doing2. I need two _______.A. teaspoon of honeyB. teaspoons of honeysC. teaspoons of honeyD. teaspoon of honeys3. _______ people are there in your town? —One hundred thousand.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oldD. How often4. First put some salt on the water and then ______.A. Mix them upB. Mix up themC. Mix it upD. Mix up it5. Here is a recipe _______ Super chicken Sandwich.A. atB. inC. forD. on二、适当形式填空1. How _______ (many/much) yogurt do we need?2. Next you need _______ (cut) up three bananas.3. _______ (make) dinner is a very interesting thing for me.4. _______ (add) the salt to the noodles, please.5. He can drink three cups of _______ (juice).6. How many _______ (watermelon) do you want?7. I would like a big bowl of ______ (noodles).8. There _______ (be) two slices of bread.9. I don’t like _______ (some) sugar in the tea.10. I like dessert so I don’t like to drin k coffee _______ (with) sugar.一、单项选择（共15小题；共15.0分）1. --- What do you need to make the tomato noodles?--- onion and tomato, please.A.A; aB.An; anC.A; anD.An; a2. Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy .A.foodB.waterC.pearD.carrot3. --- do you make fruit salad?--- First, cut up the apples, bananas and pears. And then...A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How4. --- What did you eat for breakfast this morning?--- Two and some vegetables.A.chickenB.piece of chickenC.pieces of chickenD.pieces of chickens5. --- water do we need to make the soup?--- Three cups.A.How manyB.How muchC.How longD.How soon6. It's dark(暗的) in the room. Please the light.A.turn onB.turn upC.turn downD.turn off7. " exercise every day, my son. It's good for your health." Dad often said to him.A.TakesB.TakingC.TakeD.To take8. We must cut the tomatoes and put them the blender.A.off; inB.up; intoC.down; intoD.over; in9. --- Can I help you, sir?--- Yeah, but I don't know a banana milk shake. Maybe you can teach me.A.what to doB.when to makeC.how to makeD.why to do10. --- Tom, supper is ready.--- I don't want to eat , Mum. I'm not feeling well.A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything11. --- How did you celebrate your father's birthday yesterday?--- We celebrated it a big dinner in a restaurant.A.haveB.to haveC.by havingD.to having12. You may fill the turkey these bread pieces.A.inB.byC.withD.to13. --- There little yogurt in the fridge(冰箱). Could you buy some for me, Dick?--- All right, Mom.A.isB.areC.amD.have14. Here two cups milk for you. Help yourself please.A.is; ofB.is; inC.are; ofD.are; in15. --- Let's make tomato and beef noodles.--- .A.Sounds goodB.You're welcomeC.That's rightD.Don't worry二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）Pizza is a kind of popular food. It 16 from Italy. The pizza capital of the world is Naples. The world's first pizza 17 is still there. It 18 in 1830. The best pizza of today has a(n) 19 history. It was first made by a person20 Raffaele Esposito in the 1880s. This pizza has the same 21 as the Italian flag. The Italian flag is red, white and 22 . The pizza has red tomatoes, white cheese and green herbs.There are many different kinds of pizza today. We can 23 chicken pizza, vegetable pizza, etc. in the restaurant. Some pizza has tomatoes, and some pizza24 tomatoes. Most pizza is round, 25 some isn't. You can choose any kind you want.16. e es C.are D.am17. A.theater B.club C.train D.restaurant18. A.opens B.turns on C.opened D.turned on19. A.long B.short C.excited D.boring20. s d D.naming21. A.colors B.shape C.time D.recipe22. A.black B.blue C.yellow D.green23. A.order B.make C.do D.sell24. A.has B.doesn't have C.is D.isn't25. A.or B.so C.but D.because三、阅读与表达(判断式)（共5小题；共10.0分）Erica is a twelve-year-old girl. She can make delicious noodles. Here is her recipe for noodles. Try it and taste for yourself!Soup Ingredients:● one cup of orange juice● one cup of lemon juice● one teaspoon of honeyOther Ingredients:● noodles● salt● 3 slices of chicken● some strawberries (cut up)● some green onions (cut up)● some lettuce● 2 slices of cheeseSteps:First, mix the orange juice, lemon juice and honey together. Then you have great soup for use!Then, boil the noodles and add some salt into the water. Put the noodles into cold water.Next, put the noodles in a big bowl! Add the chicken slices, strawberries, green onions and lettuce to the noodles and mix them up. Put the cheese on it.Finally, pour the soup into the noodles.根据短文内容，判断正误，正确的为T，错误的为F。