美国文学考试
美国文学考试
美国文学考试第一篇：美国文学考试美国文学考试题型1、填空题（这部分的重点老师带我们画过，由于比较散，不方便整理，请同寝室或隔壁寝室相互告知）-----大家记得人名，作品名称等一定不要写错了2、名词解释（共两题，每题5分）这一题大体有三种类型：文本、作者、理论大题要求（大家按点答题）文本类：①写明作者②该文本体现的理论特征③该文本的主要内容（2分）④该文本使用的主要文学技巧理论类：①该理论出现的时间②该理论的主张（2分）③写作风格④相关作家以及他的作品作者类：①写明哪个时期的作者②该作者的文学主张③写作风格④主要作品以及作品的主题下面是本学期我们学过的作家、理论以及作品（结合笔记以及结合相关资料整理的，不是老师说的标准答案哦，大家参考即可）理论---本学期三大主要理论①PuritanismPuritanism , appeared in the early part of the 17th century, is the practices and beliefs of Puritans.The American puritanism, like their English brothers , are idealists.They accept the doctrine and practice of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God.But due to te grim struggle for living in the new continent, they become more and more practical.It is so much part of the national atmosphere rather than a set of tenetsIts influence on literatureAmerican literature had the characteristics of simplicity, plainness of rhetoric and indication to the Holy Bile代表作家Anne Bradstreet, Edward Taylor, Nathaniel Hawthorne(课本所选的代表作品)②transcendentalismAmerican transcendentalism is more than an attitude of Transcendentalist.T o “transcend” something is to rise above it, to pass beyond its limits.The transcendentalists speak for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society.The major features of the American Transcendentalism are:A.They place emphasis on spirit, or the Oversoul, as the most important thing in the UniverseB.They stress the importance of individualsC.They offer a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of Spirit or God该理论出现的大致时间1836-the civil war代表作家--Ralph Waldo Emerson代表作品the American Scholar③naturalismAmerican naturalism accepted the more negative interpretation of Darwin’s evolution theory and used it to account for the behavior of those characters in literary works who were regarded as more or less complex combinations of inherited attributes, their habits were conditioned by social and economic forces.It emphasized that the world was amoral, the men and women had no free will.That lives were controlled by heredity and environment, that the destiny of human was misery in life and oblivion in death.It was no more than a gloomy philosophical approach to reality, or to human existence.Time: the mid-19th century---the first half of the 20th centuryNaturalism in literature:the product of despair.It had no attempt to make moral judgment.It offered detailed and fully researched investigations into unexplored corners of modernsociety.代表任人物及作品Stephen Cranethe Open Boat作者（三个比较重要的）① Nathaniel Hawthorne浪漫主义时期（特别记住）作家He is a master of symbolismHe has an unceasing interest in the “interior of the heart” of man’s beingHis understandi ng of “evil being at the core of human life” is deeply reflected in his works Young Goodman Brown是他的代表作，该作品体现的主题PURITANISMA.man’s depravityB.The original sin: a journey from innocence to evilC.PredestinationD.A struggle between to forces②Ralph Waldo Emerson浪漫主义时期作家He is a leading person of New England Transcendentalism which he regarded as an intuitive cognizance of moral and other truths that transcend the limits of human sense experience 代表作：The American Scholar主题：Transcendentalism大致内容：we American should stop imitating other counties in literature and we ought to create a way of our own.③Stephen Crane19世纪后半期---20世纪初，自然主义时期作家。
美国文学本科试题及答案
美国文学本科试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪部作品是马克·吐温的代表作？A. 《白鲸》B. 《了不起的盖茨比》C. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》D. 《老人与海》答案：C2. 爱德加·爱伦·坡的哪部作品被认为是哥特式小说的典范？A. 《红字》B. 《呼啸山庄》C. 《乌鸦》D. 《简·爱》答案：C3. 以下哪位作家被誉为“美国现代小说之父”？A. 亨利·詹姆斯B. 威廉·福克纳C. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔D. 约翰·斯坦贝克答案：A4. 《愤怒的葡萄》是哪个作家的作品？A. 约翰·斯坦贝克B. 欧内斯特·海明威C. 威廉·福克纳D. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德答案：A5. 《草叶集》是哪个诗人的代表作？A. 罗伯特·弗罗斯特B. 华尔特·惠特曼C. 艾米莉·狄金森D. 埃德加·爱伦·坡答案：B6. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作？A. 《老人与海》B. 《喧哗与骚动》C. 《太阳照样升起》D. 《了不起的盖茨比》答案：B7. 《红字》的作者是谁？A. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑B. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔C. 爱德加·爱伦·坡D. 马克·吐温答案：A8. 《了不起的盖茨比》的作者是谁？A. 威廉·福克纳B. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德C. 约翰·斯坦贝克D. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔答案：B9. 《白鲸》的作者是谁？A. 爱德加·爱伦·坡B. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔C. 马克·吐温D. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑答案：B10. 《简·爱》的作者是谁？A. 夏洛蒂·勃朗特B. 艾米莉·勃朗特C. 乔治·艾略特D. 简·奥斯汀答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）11. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》中的主人公汤姆·索亚是一个__________的男孩。
单选题 美国文学
1. William Faulkner is the author of ______. Ba. Far From the Madding Crowdb. Sound and Furyc. For Whom the Bell Tollsd. Scarlet Letter2. Robert Frost is a famous_______. Ca. novelistb. playwrightc. poetd. literary critic3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ________. Da. Jack Londonb. Charles Dickensc. Samuel Coleridged. Earnest Hemingway4. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is______. Ba. Natureb. Waldenc. Experienced. Essays5. Mark Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a combination of_____and serious literature. Aa. American folk humorb. funny jokesc. English folklored. American values6. I Have a Dream is addressed by _____. Ca. Abraham Lincolnb. John F. Kennedyc. Martin Luther Kingd. Ralph Waldo Emerson7. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the _______in the literary history of the United States. Aa. Age of Realismb. Age of Classicalismc. Age of Romanticismd. Age of Renaissance8. With “Collected Poems”, ______won the second Pulitzer Prize. Ca. Ezra Pondb. e. e. cummingsc. Robert Frostd. William Cullen Bryant9. Moby Dick is the most important work by ______. Ba. Jack Londonb. Herman Melvillec. Sinclair Lewisd. Ralph Ellison10. O. Henry earned his fame mainly for his ______. Ca. novelsb. poemsc. short storiesd. dramas11. ______ is NOT a novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald. Ba. Tender Is the Nightb. Anna Christiec. The Beautiful and Dammedd. The Great Gatsby12. The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to ______for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”. Da. William Faulknerb. John Steinbeckc. Saul Bellowd. Earnest Hemingway13. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of _______work. Da. romanticb. classicc. neo-classicd. naturalistic14. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by ______. Aa. Robert Frostb. Longfellowc. Ezra Pondd. Carl Sandburg15. T. S. Eliot’s most famous long poem is ______. Ca. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockb. A Boy’s Willc. The Waste Landd. The Golden Bough16. Daisy Miller is a great work by _____. Aa. Henry Jamesb. Mark Twainc. Dreiserd. Stowe17. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain’s _______. Ba. The Adventures of Tom Sawyerb. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnc. Life on the Mississippid. The Prince and the Pauper18. The Grapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ______. Aa. John Steinbeckb. John Cheeverc. John Updiked. John Dos Passos19. The image of the famous “henpecked husband” is created by_____. Aa. Washington Irvingb. Fennimore Cooperc. Edith Whartond. William Dean Howells20. _____was the most important person of the transcendental club. Ca. Hawthornb. Whitmanc. Emersond. Thoreau21．Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT_____. Aa. a strict poetic formb. a simple and conversational languagec. a free and natural rhythmic patternd. an easy flow of feelings22．The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______. A a. 1820 b. 1850c. 1880d. 192023．The publication of _______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism. Aa. Natureb. Self-Reliancec. The Over-Sould. The American Scholar24．Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____. Aa. Ezra Poundb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Robert Frostd. Emily Dickinson25．______is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe. Da. The Ravenb. Annabel Leec. The Fall of the House of Usherd. Song to Celia(C) 26. In addition to Nature, Ralph Waldo Emerson is also noted for his famous essay, ___, which has often been called the second American Declaration of Independence---a declaration of cultural independence for the United States.A. The DialB. The Divinity School AddressC. The American ScholarD. The Over-Soul(D) 27. Which of the following is NOT written by Nathaniel Hawthorne?A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LettersC. Young Goodman BrownD. Self-Reliance(A) 28. In his ___ and ___, Mark Twain shows his nostalgic recollections of his early boyhood.A. Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Gilded AgeC. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Gilded AgeD. Life on the Mississippi and The Gilded Age(C) 29. One of the differences between Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson is their intention of writing poems. Emily Dickinson wrote poems chiefly for ___.A. displaying her poetic talentB. expressing her view on public affairsC. psychological therapyD. wide reputation(C) 30. ___ by Theodore Dreiser is a story , tracing the material rise of an actress and the tragic decline of a man who used to give the actress indispensable help.A. An American TragedyB. Trilogy of DesireC. Sister CarrieD. Nigger Jeff(D) 31. Hemingway used Gertrude Stein's remark that "You are all a lost generation." as a motto in his novel________.A. For Whom the Bell TollsB. The Old Man and the SeaC. A Farewell to ArmsD. The Sun Also Rises(B) 32. In 1920, Fitzgerald's first novel _______ was published, which brought him, not only reputation, wealth but also Zelda, an embodiment of his romantic notions of a Southern Belle.A. The Great GatsbyB. This Side of ParadiseC. The Beautiful and DamnedD. Tender is the Night(C) 33. Ezra pound wrote 70 books of his own, and edited 70 books of other writers. His major work of poetry is _____, a long poem which he worked on over a long period of time , and which traces the rise and fall of eastern and western empires.A. Make It NewB. The ABC of ReadingC. The CantosD. In a Station of the Metro(A) 34. Which is of the following poems is NOT composed by Robert Frost?A. SuccessB. After Apple - PickingC. The Road Not TakenD. Mending Wall35. Mark Twain created, in____________, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature. AA. Huckleberry FinnB. Tom SawyerC. The Man That Corrupted HadleyburgD. The Gilded Age36. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain. DA. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham37. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century. CA. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism38. Ezra Pound' s long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected. BA. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab39. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as ______. BA. The Roaring TwentiesB. The Jazz AgeC. The Dollar DecadeD. all of the above40. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplisheda revolution in literary style and language. DA. James JoyceB. Ezra PoundC. Thomas Stearns EliotD. all of the above41. __________ tells the Joad family's life from the time they were evicted from their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California. BA. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls42. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. ______43. The short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is taken from Irving’s work46．Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in _____ and50. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes52. _____ is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow stepped outside the main55. From Thoreau’s jail experience, came his famous essay, _____ which states his belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government. CA. WaldenB. NatureC. Civil DisobedienceD. Common Sense56. Most of the poems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and the1620 and arrived in the present Provincetown harbor on November 21 in the sameyear. This ship was named ____________. Ba. The Pilgrimsb. Mayflowerc. Americad. Titanic59. _________ was the first American writer to write entirely American literature. Ca. Anne Bradstreetb. Washington Irvingc. Mark Twaind. Ernest Hemingway60. _______ was the leader of American transcendentalism. Ca. Benjamin Franklinb. Washington Irvingc. Ralph Waldo Emersond. Henry David Thoreau61._________ is father of the detective story and of psychoanalytic criticism. Da. Washington Irvingb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Walt Whitmand. Edgar Allan Poe63. Which of the following is a naturalistic writer? Da. William Dean Howellsb. Mark Twainc. Ernest Hemingwayd.Theodore Dreiser64. Hemingway wrote about American compatriots in Europe whereas ________wrote about the Jazz age, life in American society. Da.William Carlos Williamsb. William Faulknerc. John Steinbeckd. F. Scott Fitzgerald65. Dreiser’s Tri logy of Desire includes three novels. They are The Financier, The Titan and_____ .A. The GeniusB. The TycoonC. The StoicD. The Giant66. The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American___________ .A. local colorismB. vernacularismC. modernismD. naturalism67. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms -the sonnet, rhyming couplets, blank verse -with a clear American local speech rhythm, the speech of _______farmers with its idiosyncratic diction and syntax.A. SouthernB. WesternC. New HampshireD. New England68. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include_________,symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.A. impressionismB. expressionismC. multiple points of viewD. first person point of view69. One of the characteristics that have made Mark Twain a major literary figure in the 19th century America is his use of____________ .A. vernacularB. interior monologueC. point of viewD. photographic description70. It is on his____________ that Washington Irving’s fame mainly rested.A. childhood recollectionsB. sketches about his European toursC. early poetryD. tales about America71. As a philosophical and literary movement, the main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism are generally concerning ____________________.A. nature, man and the universeB. the relationship between man and womanC. the development of Romanticism in American literatureD. the cold, rigid rationalism of Unitarianism72. About the novel The Scarlet Letter, which of the following statements is NOT right?A. It’s very hard to say that it is a love story or a story of sin.B. It’s a highly symbolic story and the author is a master of symbolism.C. It’s mainly about the moral, emotional and psychological effects of the sinupon the main characters and the people in general.D. In it the letter A takes the same symbolic meaning throughout the novel.73. The great sea adventure story Moby-Dick is usually considered____________.A. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe.B. an adventurous exploration into man’s relationship with natureC. a simple whaling tale or sea adventureD. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the artistic truth and beauty74. In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative in the terms of the form of his poetry, which is called “____________________.”A. free verseB. blank verseC. alliterationD. end rhyming75. Which of the following is said of the American naturalism?A. They preferred to have their own region and people at the forefront of the stories.B. Their characteristic setting is usually an isolated town.C. Humans should be united because they had to adapt themselves to changing harshenvironment.D. Their characters were conceived more or less complex combinations of inheritedattributes, their habits conditioned by social and economic forces.76. Which of the following is not right about Mark Twain’s style of language?A. His sentence structures are long, ungrammatical and difficult to read.B. His words are colloquial, concrete and direct in effect.C. His humor is remarkable and characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration，repetition and anti-climax.D. His style of language had exerted rather deep influence on the contemporary writers.77. As a great innovator in American literature, Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in anunconventional style which is now called free verse, that is _________.A. lyrical poetry with chanting refrainsB. poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme schemeC. poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beatD. poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings78. In his poetry, Robert Frost made the colloquial ______ speech into a poetic expression.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. PlymouthD. Boston79. Which of the following statements is right about Robert Frost’s poetry?A. He combined traditional verse forms with the difficult and highly ornamental language.B. He combined traditional verse forms with the pastoral language of the Southern area.C. He combined traditional verse forms with a simple spoken language-the speech ofNew England farmers.D. He combined traditional verse forms with the experimental.80. Which of the following is not written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century?A. The Sun Also Rises.B. The Old Man and the Sea.C. Mosses From the Old Manse.D. The Green Hills of Africa.81. Which of the following is not a work of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s?A. The House of the Seven Gables.B. The Blithedale Romance.C. The Marble Faun.D.White Jacket.82. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as ______________.A. commentatorsB. observersC. villainsD. saviors83. Besides sketches, tales and essays, Washington Irving also published a book on ______, which is also considered an important part of his creative writing.A. poetic theoryB. French artC. history of New YorkD. life of George Washington84. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence."A. "Nature"B. "Self-Reliance"C. "Divinity School Address"D. "The American Scholar"85. Which of the following statements about writers in 1920s is true?A. Mark Twain published his last and most important novel.B. F. Scott Fitzgerald received the Nobel Prize.C. Freudian psychology influenced many modern writers.D. Most writers were politically radical.86. In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is_______________.A. Washington IrvingB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman87. The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision．”The Term “black vision” refers to______________.A. Hawthorne's observation that every man faces a black WallB. Hawthorne's belief that all men are by nature evilC. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his storyD. that Puritans of Hawthorne's time usually wore black clothes88. In__________, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.A. “After Apple-Picking”B. “The Road NOt Taken”C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”D. “Fire and Ice”89. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the_______ in the American literary history．A. individual feelingB. survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature90. Generally speaking，all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be_____.A. transcendentalistsB. optimistsC. pessimistsD. idealists91. American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a) “_______,” devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization．A. Lost GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Sons of LibertyD. Angry Young Men92. Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely Characters in_______.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The pioneers93. In his realistic fiction, Henry James's primary concern is to present the_________.A. inner life of human beingsB. American Civil War and its effectsC. life on the Mississippi RiverD. Calvinistic view of original Sin94. American Romanticism stretches from the end of the ________ century through the outbreak of ______.A. 18th, the Civil WarB. 18th, the War of IndependenceC. 19th, WWID. 19th, WWII95. _________ believes that the chief aim of literary creation is beauty, and “the death of a beautiful woman is, unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world.”A. Walt WhitmanB. Edgar Allen PoeC. Anne BradstreetD. Ralph Waldo Emerson96. Which is generally regarded as the manifesto and the Bible of American Transcendentalism?A. Thoreau’s WaldenB.Emerson’s NatureC. Poe’s Poetic PrincipleD. Thoreau’s Nature97. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.A. WaldenB. The PioneersC. NatureD. "Song of Myself"98. ‘Leaves of Grass’ commands great attention because of its uniqu ely poeticembodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.A. the democratic idealsB. the romantic idealsC. the self-reliance spiritsD. the religious ideals99. ________is the author of the work “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.A. Washington IrvingB. James JoyceC. Walt WhitmanD. William Butler Yeats100. After "The Adventure of Tom Sawyer", Twain gives a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a book called_________, and the book from which "all modern American literature comes".A. Life on the Mississippi RiverB. The Gilded AgeC. Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. The Sun Also Rises101. The greatest work written by Theodore Dreiser is__________.A. Sister CarrieB. An American TragedyC. The FinancierD. The Titan102. We can perhaps summarize that Walt Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features except that they are _______________.A. conversational and crudeB. lyrical and well-structuredC. simple and rather crudeD. free-flowing103. Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism, of which Theodore Dreiser and Jack London are among the best representative writers?A. FreudB. Darwin.C. W.D. Howells. D. Emerson104. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ____.A. international themeB. waste-land imageryC. local colorD. symbolism105. In Henry James’ Daisy Miller, the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of _______________.A. the force of conventionB. the free spirit of the New WorldC. the decline of aristocracyD. the corruption of the newly rich106. "Two roads diverged in a yellow wood / And sorry I could not travel both ..." In the above two lines of Robert Fros t’s The Road Not Taken, the poet, by implication, was referring to _______.A. a travel experienceB. a marriage decisionC. a middle-age crisisD. one’s course of life107. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is ____________.A. insignificantB. vicious by natureC. divineD. forward-looking108. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Over-Soul。
美国文学考试重点
美国文学考试重点美国文学考试的重点可以分为以下几个方面：1. 早期美国文学：- 殖民时期文学：包括早期殖民地的日记、信件和宗教作品等，如《普利茅斯纪事》和《普罗维登斯计划》。
- 紧随其后的大量宗教文学作品，如《新英格兰的校训》。
- 托马斯·佩恩的《常识》：这本书在美国独立运动中起到了重要的作用。
2. 美国文学的形成与发展：- 19世纪初的浪漫主义文学：如华盛顿·欧文的《睡美人和其他故事》和詹姆斯·菲尼莫尔·库珀的《最后的莫西干人》。
- 华尔特·惠特曼的《草叶集》：这本诗集在美国文学史上具有重要地位。
- 女性作家：如哈丽特·比彻·斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和艾米莉·迪金森的诗歌作品。
3. 20世纪的美国文学：- 现代主义文学：如欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》和威廉·福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》。
- 战争文学：如约翰·史坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》和约瑟夫·海勒的《23个故事和一个司令》。
- 迈尔斯·杰克逊的《杀死一只知更鸟》：这是美国文学中一本重要的反种族主义作品。
4. 当代美国文学：- 现实主义：如托尼·莫里森的《亲爱的》和唐·德里罗的《百年孤独》。
- 同性恋与性别研究：如杰夫·艾斯特里奇的《中性国度》和艾美丽·P. 亨德森的《一个男小地方》。
此外，还需要了解美国文学的主要流派和文学理论，如现实主义、象征主义、后现代主义等，以及相关的文学批评方法。
最好的准备方式是广泛阅读美国经典文学作品并理解其背后的文化、历史和社会背景。
美国文学考试,10页轻松搞定
三、浪漫主义时期1800-1865
作家们强调文学的想象力和感情色彩，反对古典主义的形式与观点，歌颂大自然，崇尚个人和普通人的思想感情，并且寻根问祖，发幽古之思情。素材完全取自美国现实，如西部开发和拓荒经历。他们赞美美国山水，讴歌美国生活，反映美国人民的乐观与热情。
废奴文学：
爱默生，梭罗，惠蒂埃
影响最大的是斯托夫人harriet beecher stowe,《汤姆叔叔的小屋》uncle tom's cabin
四、现实主义文学1865-1918
乡土文学：朱厄特sarah orne jewett, 短篇小说集《迪普黑文》deephaven and other stories,长篇小说《尖枞树之乡》the country of pointed firs
爱默生ralph waldo emerson, <论自然>nature（被称为超验主义的圣经），《论自立》self reliance，对打破神学统治，摒弃请教教义，强调人的地位，确立民主思想和发展民族文化起了极大作用。
梭罗henry david thoreau,emerson的朋友和门徒。《沃尔登》walden。《论公民的不服从》civil disobedience,主张用和平斗争的方式反对战争和奴隶制，对甘地、马丁路德金起过积极影响。
詹姆斯，被称为心理分析小说家，他晦涩的文体、开放性结局和内心独白等手法大大影响了后世的现代派，尤其是意识流文学。他的作品属于世态小说novel of manners，代表作《一位女士的肖像》the portrait of a lady's,《鸽翼》the wings of the dove,《专使》the ambassadors, 《金碗》the golden bowl.
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）
《美国⽂学》期末考试试卷（A卷）适⽤班级060511-3 考试时间 120 分钟学院班级学号姓名Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (10%)1. Octopus ( )2. Maggie, A Girl of the Streets ( )3. Babbitt ( )4. White Fang ( )5. “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” ( )6. My Antonia ( )7. “Birches” ( )8. Poor Richard’s Almanac ( )9. Light in August ( )10. Twice Told Tales ( )11. The Declaration of Independence ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle ”( )13. Nature ( )14. The Song of Hiawatha ( )15. Uncle Tom ’s Cabin ( )16. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ( )17. Sister Carrie( )18. The Waste Land( )19. For Whom the Bell Tolls ( )20. The Emperor Jones ( )(10%)1._________________________was one of the founders of theJamestown colony in Virginia in 1607 and is known for his work describing the colonies.2.__________________________was a determined revolutionary whosework helped the cause of the American Revolution considerably, but who lost his popularity long before his death.3.The term refers to the group of people, some of themimportant to American literature (especially secular essay writing), who led the American Revolution and helped create the early American Republic.4.________________________was an early form of horror fiction thatoriginated in 18th century Europe and was very popular in America during the Romantic Period.5._____________________________, known for her deeply personalpoems and radically different poetic themes and form, didn’t achieve fame as a poet until long after her death.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7. _________________ has been entitled the “Father of AmericanPoetry.8._______________________was the first great prose stylist ofAmerican romanticism, author of the first American short stories and familiar essays , the first American author to achieve international distinction, and has a significant position in the history of American literature.9._____________________is the first American professional writer andthe first writer of the detective story in the world.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it stringsthe incidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as themost appropriate answer. (30%)1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. When her poems were published in England, she became know as the “______” who appeared in America.A Ninth MuseB Tenth MuseC Best MuseD First Muse2. ______ is the sometimes exaggerated use of local language, characters and customs in regional literature.A purple proseB waste-land imageryC local colorD symbolism3. The first great flourishing of African American literature that appealed to a relatively large literate Black readership wasknown as_____.A The HolocaustB The Harlem RenaissanceC AbolitionismD The Civil Rights Movement4. _______ was a leading 19th century feminist and one of the core members of the Transcendentalist movement.A Margaret FullerB Sylvia PlathC Hilda DoolittleD Gloria Stein5. Which of the following is not typical of modern poetry?A gushing sentimentalism and comfortable imagesB abandonment of earlier verse formsC use of free verseD an effort to find and/or explore a new role for the poet in a changing world6. Who was perhaps the most popular of all 20th century American poets?A Ezra PoundB Walt WhitmanC Robert FrostD Allen Ginsburg7. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as_______.A The Jazz AgeB The Gilded AgeC The Roaring AgeD The Beat Age8. Which is true of the “Fireside Poets”?A They were generally strongly in favor of abolishing slavery.B They were deeply involved in the Transcendentalist movement.C They were a group of 19th century New England poets who weretremendously popular and respected at the time they wrote.D They opposed to tradition and were in favor of radical change.9. Ernest Hemingway was badly wounded in Italy and sent to a hospital where he fell in love with a nurse. These two persons later became the characters of his novel ________.A The Old Man and the SeaB For Whom the Bell TollsC The Sun Also RisesD A Farewell to Arms10. The Brahmists or Boston Brahmi, in American literature, refers to _______.A The highest ranking of the Hindu castes.B A movement that emerged from rebellion against Puritan religious ideas and systems.C A group of New England writers known for their scholarship and/or conservative philosophy.D A school of imaginative writing.11. Which of the following is one of Ben Franklin’s famous proverbs?A “A stitch in time saves nine”B “God helps those who help themselves”C “A Friend in need is a friend indeed”D “Ask not who the bell tolls, the bell tolls for thee”12. ___________ was a reaction to the ideas of the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment.A RomanticismB RealismC NaturalismD Modernism13. Although few of her poems were published in her lifetime and a complete collection of them didn’t appear until the 1950’s, _____ had a major impact on 20th century poetry.A Anne BradstreetB Gertrude SteinC Emily DickinsonD Amy Lowell14. Which of the following writers died a natural death in his old age?A Jack LondonB Ernest HemingwayC Stephen CraneD Mark Twain15. Who of the following is NOT a 20th century American poet?A Henry Wordsworth LongfellowB Amy LowellC Ezra PoundD Robert FrostIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether thestatements are true or false. (10%)1.Hawthorne was a firm believer in Puritan principles and mourned theirpassing in his works.2.Frederick Douglas was a major 19th century black writer.3.The sou nd of Whitman’s words casts a magic, romantic spell overreaders. His tone is awesome, sad and melancholy.4.Haiku, a form of traditional Japanese poetry, greatly influenced theImagist movement.5.Leaves of Grass is Whitman’s life work.6.Thanks in part to the efforts of Ezra Pound, Robert Frost was publishedin England and quickly became recognized as a major American poet. 7.In 1954, T. S. Eliot was awarded a Nobel Prize for his “mastery of theart of modern narration.”8.Hemingway believed that a man could find meaning in life by facing hisdeath with dignity and courage.9.Thomas Jefferson was famous for powerful, persuasive essays, such ashis pamphlet Common Sense, which persuaded many people to support the American Revolution.10.William Hill Brown’s The Power of Sympathy, written in 1789, is oftencalled “the first American novel”.11.The literary movement of American romanticism was generally dividedinto two stages: pre-romanticism and post-romanticism.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. Theromanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.The Scarlet Letter is called an economical novel because there are onlythree chief characters-or four if we include the child Pearl.14.President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman whowrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.Literary naturalism may be regarded as the new development of literaryrealism, and was sometimes called “pessimistic realism.”The naturalistic writers were philosophical pessimists.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong tothe school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Agewho wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis”is a word Bryant borrowed from Latin meaning“meditation on death”.the questions. (20%)Passage 1The apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough.Questions:1.Who is the writer of this poem? _______________(1%)2.What is the title of this poem? _______________(1%)3.What images in this poem suggest Haiku poetry and what images are“modern”? (2%)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?And what feeling and meaning does the poem express to you? (2%)Passage 2It was late and everyone had left the caféexcept an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by .(2%)2.Why does the old man get drunk every night and why did he commitsuicide? (2%)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man and how does he treathim? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the es-sential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1.This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2.The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going tolive in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（⼊⼝），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by .(2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion?(5%)Passage 5It was many and many a year ago,In a kingdom by the sea,That a maiden there lived whom you may know.By the name of Annabel Lee; —And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtThan to love and be loved by me.Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem________________?(1%)2.The author of the poem is____________ . (1%)3.What is the most obvious rhetorical device the author uses for effect?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem__________________________by____________.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them.(20%)1.Robert Frost' s The Road Not Taken.（10%）2.Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night.（10%）3.Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）/doc/76a448b9fd0a79563c1e726f.html ment on Hawthorne’s style. （10%）。
美国文学试题库
美国文学试题库
一、选择题
1. 下列哪位作家被誉为“美国短篇小说之父”？
A.马克·吐温
B.爱默生
C.莎士比亚
D.海明威
2. 著名小说《傲慢与偏见》的作者是？
A.查尔斯·狄更斯
B.简·奥斯汀
C.夏洛蒂·勃朗特
D.莫言
3. 哪位作家被称为“美国现代诗歌之母”？
A.西莉亚·普拉斯
B.艾米丽·狄金森
C.露易丝·格莱兹
D.玛丽·奥利弗
4. 林肯总统的“葬礼演说”是由哪位作家完成的？
A.埃德加·爱伦·坡
B.拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
C.赫尔曼·梅尔维尔
D.爱米莉·狄金森
5. 下列哪部作品是由海明威创作的？
A.《傲慢与偏见》
B.《老人与海》
C.《威尼斯商人》
D.《包法利夫人》
二、简答题
1. 请简要介绍一下美国文学的发展历程以及其代表作品。
2. 谈谈你对马克·吐温作品的理解以及他在美国文学史上的地位。
3. 分析简·奥斯汀小说《傲慢与偏见》中人物形象和情节发展。
4. 通过阅读爱默生的论文，你认为他对美国文学和文化的影响是什么？
5. 谈谈海明威的小说创作风格及其代表作品对世界文学的影响。
三、论述题
请结合你对美国文学史上的经典作品和作家进行深入分析，论述美国文学对世界文学的影响以及其独特之处。
美国文学期末考试练习题
美国文学练习题I. Multiple Choice1. The Puritan values did not include______.A. wastefulnessB. thriftC. pietyD. hard work2. The 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment, when ______was the dominantspirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RomanticismD. Realism3. _____was the most leading spirit of the Transcendentalism.A. FranklinB. HawthorneC. PaineD. Emerson4. Moby Dick was written by_____A. Mark TwainB. ThoreauC. MelvilleD. Whitman4. Herman Melville’s ______ is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy,religion, etc., in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd5. “The Scarlet Letter” is characterized by its______.A. symbolismB. rationalismC. PlatonismD. classicism6. Huckleberry Finn is the masterpiece of________.A. Henry JamesB. Jack LondonC. Mark TwainD. Stephen Crane7. Which of the following novels is NOT written by Henry James?A. The Golden BowlB. The Portrait of a LadyC. Sister CarrieD. Daisy Miller8._____ is the founder of “Imagist” movement.A. Ezra PoundB. HemingwayC. Robert FrostD. Steinbeck9. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by _____.A. NaturalismB. TranscendentalismC. Local ColorismD. Imagism10. ________ is said to be the “father of American poetry”.A. T. S. EliotB. E. D. RobinsonC. Philip FreneauD. Theodore Dreiser11. The author of The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America is _______.A. Edward TaylorB. John CottonC. Roger WilliamsD. Anne Bradstreet12. Hawthorne is regarded as a _______.A. naturalistB. classicistC. realistD. romanticist13. Imagination plays the most important part in ________.A. realismB. romanticismC. naturalismD. classicism14. ______ is considered to be the masterpiece of John Steinbeck.A. Mending WallB. Dry SeptemberC. A Farewell to ArmsD. The Grapes of Wrath15. Uncle Tom in the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a(n) ______ .A. Negro slaveB. salesmanC. industrialistD. officer16. The Great Gatsby is the masterpiece of _____ .A. WhitmanB. FitzgeraldC. DickinsonD. Hemingway17. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was written by______.A. H.B. Stowe B. John SteinbeckC. HawthorneD. Mark Twain18. ______ does not belong to the lost generation.A. Theodore DreiserB. T. S. EliotC. FaulknerD. Hemingway19. ______ was well known for his story “Rip Van Winkle.”A. William Cullen BryantB. Washington IrvingC. Edgar Allan PoeD. Philip Freneau20. Farewell to Arms is the master pieced produced by______A. FaulknerB. MelvilleC. HemingwayD. Longfellow21. It was ______ who wrote the formal Declaration of Independence.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Benjamin FranklinC. George WashingtonD. Washington Irving22. The masterpiece of Hawthorne is _________.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Sister CarrieC. Richard CoryD. A Psalm of Life23. Eugene O’Neill is a _______.A. novelistB. poetC. puritanD. dramatist24. Hemingway’s style of writing is characterized by______.A. high-sounding wordsB. simple dictionC. complicated sentencesD. mix metaphor25. T. S. Eliot is not only a poet but also a ______.A. criticB. statesmanC. churchmanD. novelists26. Long Day’s Journey Into Night was written by _____.A. T. S. EliotB. Eugene O’NeillC. Stephen CraneD. Saul Bellow27. Theodore Dreiser showed the_____ tendency in his novels.A. PuritanismB. classicismC. romanticismD. naturalism28. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the leading figure of________.A. TranscendentalismB. RomanticismC. RationalismD. Naturalism29. The Sound and the Fury was the masterpiece of ______.A. Robert Lee FrostB. T. S. EliotC. William FaulknerD. John Steinbeck30. Emily Dickinson is an American________.A. dramatistB. novelistC. female poetD. male poet31. What Whitman is famous for his_________.A. Leaves of GrassB. Mending WallC. Richard CoryD. The Burial of the Dead32. The jazz age refers to the decade of _______.A. 1950’sB.1980’sC.1920’sD.1820’s33. “Rip Van Winkle” was written by_______.A. Philip FreneauB. Allan PoeC. Washington IrvingD. Thomas Jefferson34. “Song of Myself” is a ______written by Whitman.A. novelB. poemC. dramaD. essay35. The author of the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin is _____.A. Beecher StoweB. Jack LondonC. Mark TwainD. O. Henry36. Mark Twain belongs to the literary school of_____.A. transcendentalismB. realismC. romanticismD. naturalism37. It was ____ who wrote the poem “The Road Not Taken.”A. Walt WhitmanB. Philip FreneauC. Robert FrostD. T. S. Eliot38. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes lessserious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more _______.A. rationalB. humorousC. optimisticD. pessimistic38. The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and theinfluence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American _______.A. local colorismB. vernacularismC. modernismD. naturalism39. ____________were idealists, believing the church should be restored to complete“purity” and dreaming that they would build the new land to an Eden on earth.A. CalvinistsB. PuritansC. RomanticistsD. Transcendentalists40. Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are Characters in _______.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The Pioneers41. American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a) “ _______,” devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization．A. Lost GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Sons of LibertyD. Angry Young Men42. In addition to his novels, _______ wrote about 120 short stories and sketches.Among them are Young Goodman Brown and The Minister’s Black Veil.A. Henry David ThoreauB. Nathaniel HawthorneC. Ralph Waldo EmersonD. Herman Melville43. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms—the sonnet, rhyming couplets,blank verse—with a clear American local speech rhythm, the speech of _______farmers with its idiosyncratic diction and syntax.A. SouthernB. WesternC. New HampshireD. New England44. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the _____in the American literary history.A. individual feelingsB. idea of survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature45. Cooper’s story of the “frontier saga” is made up of 5 famous novels that comprisethe ________, in which the main character is Natty Bumppo.A. Leather Stocking TalesB. The Deer SlayerC. Sea AdventureD. The Romantic46. From Henry David Thoreau’s jail experience came his famous essay, ______ whichstates Thoreau’s belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government.A. WaldenB. NatureC. Civil DisobedienceD. Common Sense47. Which of the following writers does NOT belong to the romantic group in Americanliterature?A. Ralph Waldo EmersonB. Henry David ThoreauC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman48. Emerson based his religion on an intuitive belief in an ultimate unity, which hecalled ________.A. the SpiritB. the Over-lordC. the OversoulD. the Self49. ______ is a versatile man and one of his fellow Americans commented that “Hisshadow lies heavier than any other man’s on this young nation.”A. Benjamin FranklinB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas JeffersonD. Philip Freneau50. Benjamin Franklin’s best writing is found in his ________.A. Poor Richard’s AlmanacB. AutobiographyC. Declaration of IndependenceD. American Crisis51. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they areendowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” These words are from ______.A. American CrisisB. U.S. ConstitutionC. Declaration of IndependenceD. Amendment to Constitution52. The American national anthem “The Star-Spangled Banner” was written by ______while the tune was borrowed from an English drinking song.A. Francis Scott KeyB. Francis BaconC. Walter ScottD. Jack London53. The desire for an escape form society and a return to nature became a permanentconvention of American literature, evident in ____.A. James Fenimore Cooper’s Leatherstocking TalesB. Henry David Thoreau’s WaldenC. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry FinnD. All of the above54. Writers of _______ thought to arouse in their readers a turbulent sense of the remote,the supernatural, and the terrifying by describing castles and landscapes illuminated by moonlight and haunted by specters.A. Gothic terror novelsB. naturalistic novelsC. realistic novelsD. modern novels55. Edgar Allan Poe is regarded as father of all except ______.A. detective storyB. modern short storyC. psychoanalytic criticismD. fantasy story56. All of the following Poe’s works except ______ are horror stories.A. The Fall of the House of UsherB. The Tell-Tale HeartC. The Black CatD. Murders in the Rue Morgue57. All of the following Poe’s works except ______ are detective stories.A. Murders in the Rue MorgueB. The Fall of the House of UsherC. The Purloined LetterD. The Gold Bug58. The words “To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much as his chamber as from society” are from ______.A. NatureB. WaldenC. Self-RelianceD. American Scholars59. The book of _______ was a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuitof a seemingly supernatural while whale.A. Moby DickB. White FangC. Billy BudD. Mardi60. Captain Ahab is a character in the novel of _______.A. Moby DickB. White FangC. Billy BudD. Mardi61. _______ first appeared in the United Stated in the literature of local color.A. RomanticismB. RealismC. SentimentalismD. Modernism62. ________ is a metaphysical theory that holds that all phenomena can be explainedmechanistically in terms of natural (as opposed to supernatural) causes and laws.A. RomanticismB. NaturalismC. SentimentalismD. Modernism63. All except ______ are representatives of realism.A. Henry JamesB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Herman Melville64. ________ was one of America’s first and foremost realists and humorists.A. Henry JamesB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Herman Melville65. _______ was the founder of American realism and the most prominent critic of theentire realistic period.A. Henry JamesB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Herman Melville66. ________ was an early psychological realist. He is often called one of the fathersof the psychological novel.A. Henry JamesB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Herman Melville67. ______ is the forerunner of the 20th century “steam-of-consciousness” novels andthe founder of psychological realism.A. Henry JamesB. William Dean HowellsC. Mark TwainD. Herman Melville68. Winesburg, Ohio is a collection of short stories written by ______.A. O. HenryB. Allan PoeC. Sherwood AndersonD. Anne Porter69. William Sidney Porter is the pen name of ______.A. O. HenryB. Mark TwainC. Henry JamesD. Theodore Dreiser70. Samuel Langhorne Clemens is the pen name of _______.A. O. HenryB. Mark TwainC. Henry JamesD. Theodore Dreiser71. All except _______ are short stories by O. Henry.A. The Gift of the MagiB. The Cop and the AnthemC. The Tell-tale HeartD. The Unfinished Room72. ______ has been called the “greatest of all American urban novels”, the protagonistof which is Caroline Meeber.A. Sister CarrieB. Vanity FairC. The GeniusD. Jennie Gerhardt73. Which of the following is NOT the works of Jack London?A. The Iron HeelB. The Sea-wolfC. The Wings of the DoveD. Marti Eden74. Allen Ginsberg is a representative writer of _________.A. The Lost GenerationB. The Beat GenerationC. Black HumorD. The Theatre of the Absurd75. A Streetcar Named Desire is a play written by ________.A. Eugene O’NeillB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Edward AlbeeD. Arthur Miller76. Willy Lowman is a character in the play of _______.A. The CrucibleB. Death of a SalesmanC. Cat on a Hot Tin RoofD. The Hairy Ape77. Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?is a play written by _________.A. Eugene O’NeillB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Edward AlbeeD. Arthur Miller78. Daisy Buchanan and Nick Carraway are characters in _______.A. The Great GatsbyB. Tender Is the NightC. This Side of ParadiseD. The Last Tycoon79. The heroes of _______ often exhibit an ideal described as “grace under pressure.”A. Ernest HemingwayB. John SteinbeckC. William FaulknerD. F. Scott Fitzgerald80. Santiago is a character in Hemingway’s _______.A. The Sun Also RisesB. A Farewell to ArmsC. For Whom the Bell TollsD. The Old Man and the Sea81. All of the following are the features of Puritans EXCEPT _____.A. wanting to make pure their religious beliefs and practicesB. looking upon themselves as a chosen peopleC. tolerating others’ beliefs and sought for a happy and an easy lifeD. wishing to restore simplicity to church serves and emphasized the image of awrathful God82. ______ represents the most leading spirit of American Transcendentalism.A. EmersonB. FranklinC. Mark TwainD. Whitman83. Herman Melville’s ______ is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy,religion, etc., in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd84. The Portrait of a Lady is one of best novels of_________.A. Henry JamesB. John SteinbeckC. William FaulknerD. Walt Whitman85. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” is atypical _____ poem by Ezra Pound.A. romanticB. lyricC. imagistD. narrativeII. MatchingGroup 11.Poor Richard’s Almanac A. Philip Freneau2.The Wild Honey Suckle B. Benjamin Franklin3.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow C. Edgar Allan Poe4.Annabel Lee D. Washington IrvingGroup 21.The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County A. Henry James2.The Four Million B. Jack London3.An American Tragedy C. O. Henry4.The Call of the Wild D. Mark TwainGroup 31.The Glass Menagerie A. Tennessee Williams2.The Emperor Jones B. Arthur Miller3.Death of a Salesman C. Edward Albee4.The Zoo Story D. Eugene O’NeillGroup 41.The Road Not Taken A. T. S. Eliot2.The Waste Land B. Ezra Pound3. A Pact C. Emily Dickenson4.I Died for Beauty—But Was Scarce D. Robert Frost III. Term Explanation1.American Enlightenment2.Transcendentalism3.New England literary renaissance4.Realism5.Modernism6.Local colorism7.Lost Generation8.Jazz Age9.Imagism10.Harlem Renaissance11.Beat generation12.Code heroIV Answer the following questions in English.1. Whose novel (or which novel) do you enjoy most? Why?2. What is the style of Hemingway’s novel?3. What do you know about modern American literature?4. What is the theme of The Great Gatsby?5. What are the symbols in The Great Gatsby?6. Which American writer do you like best? Why?7. What are the features of Emily Dickinson’s poems?8. What is your comment on Edgar Allan Poe?9. What is naturalism in literary creation?10. What is Puritanism? What role does it play in the colonial America? V. Comment on excerpts from the following works.1. Because I could not stop for Death2. The Wild Honey Suckle3. Annabel Lee4. The Road Not Taken5. The Fall of the House of Usher6. Moby Dick7. The Great Gatsby8. A Farewell to Arms。
美国文学考试重点
1.The literature of colonial AmericaWilliam Bradford威廉·布拉德福德（1590年-1657年），五月花号公约签署人之一，于1620年参与创立了普利茅斯殖民地，并在长达30余年的时间里担任普利茅斯总督。
他所撰写的《普利茅斯垦殖记》是关于欧洲新世界殖民史的早期著作之一。
Anne Bradstreet美国女诗人布莱德斯特律1612英格兰比安普敦～1672.9.16,马萨诸塞湾殖民地安多弗美国最早写出真正有价值的英文诗歌的一位女诗人。
她的宗教组诗《沉思集》(Contemplations)受到20世纪文学批评界的重视，被认为是一部不朽之作。
《凡人的虚荣》(Of the vanity of all worldly creatures)、《灵与肉》(The Flesh and the Spirit)、《献给我亲爱的丈夫》(To My Dear and Loving Husband)、《人世正凋萎，万物有终极》(All things within this fading world hath end)、《心痛手颤写诗句》(With troubled heart and trembling hand I write)、《大卫对扫罗和约拿单的哀悼》(David's Lamentation for Sauland Jonathan)Puritan Thoughts美国清教主义从一开始就是一种精神运动，它不仅仅是一种宗教信仰，而且还是一种极端民主与共和的理论。
清教徒在自己的祖国遭受迫害，对英国严酷的社会现实不满而移民到美国。
他们希冀按自己的意欲信仰上帝。
于是，他们致力于建立一个乌托邦式的重视伦理和精神生活的社会模式。
他们崇尚真正的自由——这种真正的自由涵盖了广泛的道德的含义。
他们把一切破坏和蔑视这种自由信念的行为一概斥责为对权威的亵渎。
因此，他们认为自己是一群称之为美国人的新人，命定要建立一个新的世界，为人类建造一座“山上的光辉的城市”。
美国文学试题及答案
美国文学试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 马克·吐温的代表作是以下哪一部？A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《哈克贝利·芬历险记》C. 《白鲸》D. 《老人与海》答案：B2. 爱伦·坡的《乌鸦》属于什么文学流派？A. 浪漫主义B. 现实主义C. 哥特式D. 现代主义答案：C3. 《飘》的作者是谁？A. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫B. 玛格丽特·米切尔C. 简·奥斯汀D. 乔治·艾略特答案：B4. 以下哪部作品不是亨利·詹姆斯的作品？A. 《贵妇人的画像》B. 《使节》C. 《简·爱》D. 《贵妇人的画像》答案：C5. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作？A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《喧哗与骚动》C. 《老人与海》D. 《白鲸》答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）1. 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的作者是________。
答案：哈丽叶特·比彻·斯托2. 《红字》的作者是________。
答案：纳撒尼尔·霍桑3. 《草叶集》的作者是________。
答案：沃尔特·惠特曼4. 《愤怒的葡萄》的作者是________。
答案：约翰·斯坦贝克5. 《太阳照样升起》的作者是________。
答案：欧内斯特·海明威三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述《白鲸》中主人公艾哈布船长的形象。
答案：艾哈布船长是《白鲸》中的主人公，他是一个对捕鲸有着极端执着的船长，他的复仇心理和对白鲸的执念几乎占据了他整个人生。
他的形象代表了人类对自然的挑战和对未知的恐惧。
2. 描述《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比的美国梦。
答案：《了不起的盖茨比》中的盖茨比代表了20世纪20年代的美国梦，他通过自己的努力从贫穷中崛起，追求财富和社会地位，但最终因为追求一个无法实现的爱情和对过去的执着而走向悲剧。
美国文学试题及答案
美国文学试题及答案# 美国文学试题及答案## 一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 马克·吐温的代表作是以下哪部作品？A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》C. 《白鲸》D. 《草叶集》2. 以下哪位作家被誉为“美国现代主义文学之父”？A. 欧内斯特·海明威B. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德C. 亨利·詹姆斯D. 埃德加·爱伦·坡3. 《飘》的作者是谁？A. 玛格丽特·米切尔B. 哈珀·李C. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫D. 乔治·奥威尔4. 《老人与海》的主人公是以下哪位？A. 汤姆·索亚B. 哈克贝利·芬C. 桑地亚哥D. 盖茨比5. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作？A. 《喧哗与骚动》B. 《熊》C. 《我弥留之际》D. 《太阳照常升起》## 二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）6. 爱伦·坡的《_________》被认为是侦探小说的开山之作。
7. 《了不起的盖茨比》中，盖茨比的豪宅位于_________。
8. 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是美国内战前的一部重要作品，它由_________所著。
9. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫是_________文学流派的代表人物之一。
10. 哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》通过_________的视角探讨了种族歧视问题。
## 三、简答题（每题15分，共30分）11. 简述《白鲸》中主人公艾哈布船长的性格特点。
12. 描述《草叶集》中惠特曼的诗歌风格。
## 四、论述题（30分）13. 论述《飘》中斯嘉丽·奥哈拉的人物形象及其在小说中的意义。
## 参考答案1. B2. C3. A4. C5. A6. 莫格街谋杀案7. 长岛8. 哈里特·比彻·斯托9. 现代主义10. 斯库特·芬奇11. 艾哈布船长是一个坚定、固执且有些偏执的人。
英美文学考试题目及答案
英美文学考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 英国文学史上被称为“英国诗歌之父”的诗人是：A. 乔叟B. 莎士比亚C. 弥尔顿D. 拜伦答案：A2. 下列哪部作品不是简·奥斯汀的小说？A. 《傲慢与偏见》B. 《理智与情感》C. 《简·爱》D. 《曼斯菲尔德庄园》答案：C3. 美国文学中，被誉为“美国文学之父”的作家是：A. 爱伦·坡B. 马克·吐温C. 华盛顿·欧文D. 亨利·詹姆斯答案：C4. 以下哪位作家是现代主义文学的代表人物？A. 狄更斯B. 哈代C. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫D. 简·奥斯汀答案：C5. 美国文学中的“迷惘的一代”是指：A. 第一次世界大战后的作家群体B. 第二次世界大战后的作家群体C. 独立战争后的作家群体D. 内战后的作家群体答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）1. 威廉·莎士比亚的四大悲剧包括《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》和________。
答案：《麦克白》2. 《了不起的盖茨比》是美国作家________创作的一部以20世纪20年代的纽约为背景的小说。
答案：F·司各特·菲茨杰拉德3. 英国浪漫主义诗人威廉·华兹华斯与________共同发起了浪漫主义诗歌运动。
答案：塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治4. 美国诗人沃尔特·惠特曼的代表作是________，它被认为是美国文学史上的里程碑。
答案：《草叶集》5. 英国现代主义诗人T.S.艾略特的代表作《荒原》是一首________诗。
答案：长三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 简述乔治·奥威尔的《1984》中“老大哥”的象征意义。
答案：在《1984》中，“老大哥”象征着极权主义政权的无所不在和无所不知，代表了对个人自由和思想的全面控制。
他的形象无处不在，监视着社会的每一个角落，象征着对个人隐私的侵犯和对思想自由的压制。
American Literature(美国文学考试试卷)
一、选择填空1. William Faulkner is the author of Sound and Fury.2．Robert Frost is a famous poet.3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by Earnest Hemingway.4．The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is Walden.5．I Have a Dream is addressed by Martin Luther King.6．Eugene O’Neil is an American playwright.7. Grass is a poem written by Walt Whitman.8．Moby Dick is the most important work by Herman Melville.9. O. Henry earned his fame mainly for his short stories.10. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of naturalistic work.11. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by Robert Frost.12. “God help them that help themselves” is found in Franklin’s work.13. T. S. Eliot’s most famous long poem is The Waste Land.14. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.15. The Grapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of John Steinbeck.16. The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be Scott Fitzgerald.17. Emerson was the most important person of the transcendental club.18. Eugene O’Neil has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and one Nobel Prize.19. Gertrude Stein initiated the name of the Lost Generation.20. On the Road is the representative work of the Beat Generation.二、判断1．Hawthorne was a symbolic writer in some sense. （√）2．Mark Twain was the father of American language. （√）3．American literature is the oldest of all the national literitures. （×）4．O. Henry paid little attention to plot in writing. （×）5．Eugene O’Neil is an American poet.（×）6．Daisy Miller is a great work by Mark Twain. （×）7. Putting the stress on traditional values is a typical feature of modernism. （×）8. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over Ezra Pound. （√）9．Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about human psychology. （×）10. According to Henry James,the aim of the novel is to reflect life reality. （√）11．To Hawthorne sin will get punished,one way or another. （√）12．Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about human psychology. （×）13．Hawthorne only touched upon the problem of love in The Scarlet Letter. （×）14．Allan Poe advocated "pure" poetry. （√）15．Scarlet Letter is a great work by Mark Twain. （×）16. Mark Twain depicted the adventurous spirit of American people. （√）17. Grass is a poem written by Carl Sandburg. （×）三、选择连线1. The Sound and the Fury Wiliam Faulkner2. The American Scholar Ralph Waldo Emerson3. Walden Henry David Thoreau4. The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne5. Moby Dick Herman Melville6. Leaves of Grass Walt Whitman7. The Gilded Age Mark Twain8. The Call of the Wild Jack London9. Sister Carrie Theodore Dreiser10. The Waste Land T—S—Eliot11. The Old Man and Sea Hemingway12. Nature Emerson13. The Poems of Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson14. The Great Gatsby F Scott Fitzgerald四、名词解释1.Realism：Realism is the theory of writing in which familiar aspects of contemporary life and everyday scenes are represented in a straightforward or matter-of-fact manner. This is the theory that authors try to use and guide them in their writing. It stresses truthful treatment of material. It is anti-romantic, anti-sentimental, and without abstract interest in nature, death, etc. Mark Twain laughed at people who were caught up in the world of illusions, who were not mature enough to see real situations. This is one example of the truthful treatment of material.2．Imagism: A literary movement that began in London and later spread to the US at the beginning of the 20th century. It underwent three major phases in its development, and T. E. Hulme, Ezra Pound and Amy Lowell lead the movement respectively. It advocated “the use of one dominant image”. According to Ezra Pound, an image is “that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time” and the three principles that he established were: a. Direct treatment of the “thing”, whether subjective or objective; b. To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation; c. As regarding rhythm, to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of a metronome.3.American Romanticism：Romanticism was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. It wasa movement of conscious rebellion against being too objective. The romantic spirit was one of subjectivity of inward feelings that o ne could trust one’s subjective responses. Romantics placed a high premium upon the creative function of imagination, and saw art as a formulation of intuitive and imaginative perceptions that tend to speak a nobler truth than that of fact.4．Local Colorism As a literary trend, local colorism made its presence felt in the late 1860s to early 70s and lost its momentum at the end of the 19th century. Local colorists concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local characters of their religions. They tended to idealize and glorify, but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life. The ultimate aim of the local colorists is to create the illusion of an indigenous little world with qualities that tells it apart from the world outside. The representative works of local colorism include Bret Hart's "The Luck of Roaring Camp" and H. B. Stowe's Oldtown Folks.五、简答题1.Mark Twain presented the 19th century America in his own unique way. Discuss Twain’s art of fiction: the setting, the language, and the characters, etc., based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.A. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi alley as his fictional kingdom, writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and is therefore known as a local colorist.B. He creates life-like characters, especially the unconventional Huckleberry Finn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional village morality.C. He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any precious literary language. It is the kind of colloquial belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.D. He has created a special humor to satirize and the decayed convention.2. Why are naturalists inevitably pessimistic in their view?A. They accept the negative implication of Darwin’s theory of evolution, and believe that society is a"jungle" where survival struggles go on.B. They believe that man’s instinct, the environment and other social and economic forces play anoverwhelming role and man’s fate is "determined" by such forces beyond his control.。
美国文学试题及答案
美国文学试题及答案美国文学试题：1. 请描述美国文学的起源和发展过程。
2. 简要介绍美国文学中的几位重要作家及其代表作品。
3. 分析美国文学对社会和文化的影响。
4. 探讨美国文学在世界文学中的地位和影响力。
5. 比较美国文学与其他国家文学的异同之处。
6. 讨论美国文学中的主题和风格变化。
7. 探究美国文学与历史事件的关联。
美国文学答案：1. 美国文学的起源可以追溯到17世纪，当时美洲殖民地的英国移民开始写作并记录他们在新大陆的生活。
这些作品以宗教、开拓和探索为题材，如《普利茅斯的劝导师》(1620)等。
美国文学的发展经历了启蒙时代、浪漫主义运动、现实主义时期等阶段，并逐渐形成了独特的美国文学风格。
2. 以下是几位重要的美国作家及其代表作品：- 马克·吐温：《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》 - 菲利普·罗斯：《美国牧歌》、《喧哗与骚动》- 艾米丽·狄金森：《狄金森诗选》- 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德：《了不起的盖茨比》- 威廉·福克纳：《喧哗与骚动》、《把狗放了吧》3. 美国文学对社会和文化具有重要影响。
例如，哈莱姆复兴时期的作家们为非洲裔美国人争取了平等的机会，并反映了种族和身份认同的问题。
此外，20世纪美国现实主义文学通过揭示社会问题和不公正现象，推动了社会改革运动。
美国文学也塑造了美国人的国家意识和身份认同。
4. 美国文学在世界文学中占据重要地位，被广泛翻译和阅读。
美国作家的作品对世界文学发展产生了巨大影响，例如海明威、福克纳、杰克·伦敦等作家的作品具有全球影响力。
美国文学代表了美国独特的价值观和文化传统，吸引着世界各地读者的关注。
5. 美国文学与其他国家文学相比具有明显的不同。
美国文学更加关注个人主义、自由和追求幸福的主题。
与欧洲文学相比，美国文学较少涉及庄重的古典主题，更倾向于写实和现实主义的描写方式。
(完整word版)美国文学考试题
选择题（20个共20分）1. James Fenimore Cooper作品The Leatherstocking Tale皮袜子故事集》2. Philip FreneauThe wild Honey SuC野忍冬花》3. Edgar Allan PoeTo Helen4. Henry David ThoreauWalde l瓦尔登湖》5. America n Roma nticiSmi 主义Period: from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the civil warIt started with the publication of WasIrhvii ng toTnh'eSsketch Baonodkended with WhitmLeaanves of'Grsass6. Nathaniel HawthorneThe Scarlet Lette红字》7. 美国内战（南北战争）时间1861.4.—121865.4.98. Westward Movement运动，开始于18世纪末，终于19世纪末20世纪初。
9. Henry JamesThe Portrait of a L l d一个女人的画像》10. Ralph Waldo EmersonNature《论自然》11. John SmithFirst American writer12. Herman MelvilleMoby-Dic《k 大白鲸》二连线题（作者和作品10分）1. Benjamin FranklinThe Autobiography2. O.HenryThe Cop and the Antr i m察与赞美诗》3. Jack LondonThe Sea W《侮狼》三名词解释2 个（以下四选二，共10分）1. American DreamThe freedom allowi ng all America n people to pursue their goals in life through分ia rd work and free It often refers to the opportunity for immigrants to achieve greater material prosperity than was pos coun tries of orig3h）T2ie founding Fathers used thlsf^hlrlaeEty, and the pursuit of”opp in ess encompaaslsl thatis availabline AmericanIt. 'thesopportuntitoymakeindividucahl oicews ithouttherestrictio ns of class, race or 分)gio n. (22. American Purita美国清教主义A religious moveme nt in the late 16thseeitarTyoffshb支t() in the third and fourth decades ofthe 17th century to the northern English colonies iInt ltahied Nth e wfoWunodrladtion for the religious, intellectual the church was corrupted and had tooonTrnbeitaaRurita n: tak ing religi on as the mostand social order of the NewPWndds wan ted to purify the church to its original state, b importa nt thi ng; living for glorifying God.3. American Roman浪漫主义(1) The Romanticism Period stretches from th thc e netunrdyotfo1th8e outbreak of the Civil War. It is aperiod of the great flowering of American literature. It started with thetopnuIbrvlicinagtion o'fWs ashing The Sketch Book and ended with WhitmGarnass . ' s Leaves of(2) It was rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism.4. American Literaturemainly refers to literature produced in American English by people living in the U.S.. It also include produced in other countries by American expatriates and in other languages by minorities in the co as American Indian literature and the Jewish literature.四赏析题1-2诗的赏析两首诗二选一答题标准：标出韵脚5分，中文译文15分共20分。
完整版大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题
大四美国文学期末测试题型及例题：1.选择/对错60分〔40道选择,20个对错〕2.名词解释10分〔5个〕3.选段配对10分〔5个〕4.问答20 分〔10/2〕1. 历史：Father / poetess…2.名作家：Hemingway, Faulkner, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson3.作品：The Wasteland/Moby Dick/Scarlet Letter1.a)选择题(40个,40分)1.At the age of reason and revolution, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the.A. Chartist MovementB. Romanticist MovementC. Enlightenment MovementD. Modernist Movement2.Which is NOT connected to Benjamin Franklin?A.He was born in a poor family.B.He was a pious puritan.C.He was phrased as Jack of all trades'.D.He was a master of diplomacy.3.Ernest Hemingway is noted for the following EXCEPT.A.Lost GenerationB.Iceberg theoryC.American DreamD.Code Heroes4.Which character is NOT from The Scarlet Letter?A.Hester PrynneB.Roger ChillingworthC.Captain AhabD.Pearl5.Jack London's semi-biographical novel well presents the disillusionmentof American Dream.A.The American TragedyB.The Call of the WildC.Martin EdenD.The Grapes of Wrathb)判断对错题(20个：20分)1.Poe s masterpiece To Helen“ is written to memorize his deceased wife .(F)2.The tone of Annabel Lee" is optimistic and hopeful. (F)3.Mark Twain's novel Jumping Frog was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of thepostbellum period which it attempts to satirize.(F)4.Sister Carrie ended up in tragedy because she could not control her fa(F)2洛词解释题(5个,10分)1.It refers to t he religious beliefs held by the Puritans, who had intended to“ purifor simplify the religious ritual of the Church of England. They believed in the original sin and the harsh Day of Doom, although some good people --- the chosen people or“the Elec--- m ay be saved. Puhtanism)2. A literary doctrine that called for “realityand truth 'in the depiction of ordinary life.It had originated in France and was very popular in 19th century.Realism)3选段配对题(5个,10分)1.Fair flower, that dost so comely grow, Hid in this silent, dull retreat, Untouched thy honeyed blossoms blow, Unseen thy little branches greet: No roving foot shall crush thee here, No busy hand provoke a tear. The Wild Honey Suckle (Philip Freneau)2.During the whole of a dull, dark and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the cloud hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country; and at length found myself, as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. I know not how it was— but, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit.The Fall of the House of Usher(Edgar Allan Poe)生.10/2, 201.Transcendentalism (a) Transcendentalism (p56) {1}As a moral philosophy, it exalted feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. & believed in the transcendence of th eoversoul〞 {2}A literary movement flourishing in New England from the 1830s to the Civil war. It stresses intuitive understanding of God, without the help of the church and advocated independence of the mind. The representative writers are Emerson and Thoreau.{b} The significance of TranscendentalismTranscendentalism exerted a dominating notion onto the major wirers of the Romantic period and its essence has been permanently absorbed into the main stream of American thought. As a moral philosophy, Transcendentaliststook their ideas from the romantic literature of Europe, from neo-Platonism, from German idealistic philosophy and from the revelations of Oriental mysticism. They spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society. They believed in the transcendence of the Oversoul",an all-pervading power for goodness from which all things come and of which all things are a part. As a philosophical and literarymovement, Transcendentalism flourished in New England from the 183 @ to the Civil War. Its doctrines found their greatestliterary advocatedin Emerson, who believed that man was a part of absolute good, and in Thoreau who beheld divinity in the Unspotted innocence of nature. It was a powerful expression of the intellectual mood of the age, and the ideas it representedhave remained a strong influence on great American writers from the days of Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman to the present.2.The Road Not TakenSymbolic meanings of The Road Not Taken:In this poem, the author uses two roads in the woods to symbolize the choices in the real life. The author suggests us not being afraid to take a chance, not following the crowd and trying new things. Individualism is highlighted in the poem because the speaker chooses to go his own way, taking theroad less traveled. Caution is also taken before deciding to take the road less traveled, for the speaker takes time to consider the other road.Commitment is symbolized in the poem because the speaker does not have second thoughts after making his decision.The last symbolized theme is accepting a challenge. It may be that the road the speaker chooses is less traveled because it represents trials or perils. Such challenges seem to appeal to the speaker.The Road Not TakenThis poem, as many of Frostsbeoensswith the observation of nature, as if thepoet is a traveler sightseeing in nature. By the end, all the simple words condense into a serious proposition: When anyone in life is confronted with making a choice, in order to possess something worthwhile, he has to give up something which seems as lovely and valuable as the chosen one. Then, whatever follows, he must accept the consequence of his choice for it is not possible for him to return to the beginning and have another chance to choose differently. Frost is asserting that nature is fair and honest to everyone. Thus all the varieties of human destiny result from each person spontaneous capability of making choices.Form: The poem is very regularly structured with 4 classic 5-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme “abaab" an d in conversational rhythm.3.The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby the parody 〔&仿〕of American dreamThematically , the novel is a parody of the American dream as represented by Gatsby's pursuit for wealth and love .(1)American Dream(derived the Puritanism) is a popular belief that people can achieve success whether it is wealth, fame or love through honest hard working in a new world of liberty , equality, chances and promises (e.g. Franklin, Obama )(2)It is true that Gatsby had a huge wealth but it was built up through illegal means —bootlegging. Daisy was the embodiment of love for Gatsby, but the Daisy in Gatsbys illusion was not the Daisy in reality ------------------------- a mindless and spiritless womanonly with a beautiful appearance, who retreated to her boring but secure way of life rather than accept the responsibility at the moment of crisis(3)Like Franklin , Gatsby also made a time table and a list of do's and don'ts'. But unfortunately he did not know that the time had change d(4)Therefore, G's dream is tarnished by his material possessions, much like America is now with the obsession with wealth. In any case, Gatsby would have failed to his idealistic dream inevitably, namely disillusion of American dream.Together with Martin Eden, it well presents the disillusionment of American Dream. Main ideas: Nick Caraway, the narrator decided to leave his family in the Midwest to study bond business in New York. He took a small house at West Egg of Long Island and became a neighbor of Jay Gatsby a mysterious man of great wealth He resumed acquaintance with Tom Buchanan and his wife Daisy at a dinner party in their home There he also met Jordan Baker, an attractive but arrogant young lady. He soon learned that their marriage was not happy and Tom has a mistressMyrtle , wife of George Wilson , a garage owner in the Valley of Ashe sA few days later he was invited to Gatsbys party. From Gatsby and later from Jordan, Nick learned of the love affair between Daisy and Gatsby before she married Tom Gatsby then made a request of Nick to bring Daisy to tea and meet Gatsby. At the reunion Gatsby changed from nervousness to excitement and from excitement to a remote fantasy. At a party Gatsby gave to the Buchanans Nick and Jordan, Gatsby and Tom had a fierce quarrel over Daisy and Daisy sided with both men in turns. Then Daisy and Gatsby left in Gatsbys car while the others followed in Tom's. On the way Gatsby's car knocked Myrtle dead and ran away, but he later told Nick that Daisy was driving at the time of the accident. Myrtle , thinking Tom was in the car, ran toward it and was hit Meanwhile Mr. Wilson traced Gatsbys car and found Gatsby's house A few hours later both of them were found dead Apparently Wilson shot Gatsby and then himself. Although Nick tried to make Gatsby s funeral respectable none of his friends came. Only Gatsbys father appeared, still thinking that his son was a great man. On another occasion Nick met Tom and Daisy and was reluctant to shake hands with them. He already knew that it was Tom who made Wilson believe that Myrtle was Gatsby s lover and was run over by Gatsby. Soon Nick went back to his people in the Middle West。
美国文学考试模拟题
第一章殖民地时期的美国文学填空题1. Theterm “Puritan”was applied to those settlers who originally were devout membersof the Church of ______.【答案】England查看答案【解析】清教徒（Puritan），是指要求清除英国国教Church of England中天主教残余的改革派。
其字词于16世纪60年代开始使用，源于拉丁文的Purus，意为“清洁”。
2. Themost enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was______.【答案】American Puritanism查看答案【解析】美国文化源于清教文化，由清教徒移民时传入北美。
美国主流价值观都可以追溯到殖民地时期一统天下的清教主义，并且清教思想对美国文学有着根深蒂固的影响。
3. Hard work, thrift,piety and sobriety, these were the ______ values that dominated much of theearly American writing.【答案】Puritan查看答案【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。
清教徒强调艰苦奋斗、勤俭节约、虔诚和淡泊。
这些价值观也影响了早期的美国文学。
4. Many Puritans wroteverse, but the works of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and ______, rose to thelevel of real poetry.【答案】EdwardTaylor查看答案【解析】美国殖民时期最著名的诗人是安·布莱德斯特和爱德华·泰勒。
5. TheTenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America is a collection of poems composed by______.【答案】AnneBradstreet查看答案【解析】安·布莱德斯特律是美国殖民时期著名的诗人。
美国文学期末试卷及答案
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷）1.Poor Richard's Almanac ( )2.The House of the Seven Gables ()3.“Raven” ( )4.My Antonia ( )5.Babbitt ( )6. A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8. A Farewell to Arms ( )9.The Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )mon Sense ( )12.“Rip Van Winkle”()13.Walden()14.The Song of Hiawatha()15.Uncle Tom's Cabin( )16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn()17.Sister Carrie()18.The Waste Land()19. A Farewell to Arms()20.The Great Gatsby()1. defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel Langhorne Clemensadopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning twofathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the direct treatment of an objector situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exactword.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in hismasterpiece novel.5. is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for hisvigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by , a British captain,who thus became the first American writer.7.has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\8.was a great democratic poet. He is also the great poet to use the form of free verse.9.is the first American lyric poet.10.is also called novel of the road, it strings the incidents on the line of the hero,s travel. IH. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1.In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, was the dominant spirit.A.HumanismB.RationalismC.RevolutionD.Evolution2.Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A.Michael WigglesworthB.Edward TaylorC.Anne BradstreetD.Philip Freneau3.The finest example of Hawthorne,s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in .A.The Scarlet LetterB.Young Goodman BrownC.The Marble FaunD.The Ambitious Guest4.was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A.ThoreauB.EmersonC.HawthorneD.Whitman5.Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A.The Adventures of Tom SawyerB.Innocents AbroadC.Life on the MississippiD.The Rise of Silas Lapham6.Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A.The American ScholarB.English TraitsC.The Conduct of LifeD.Representative Men7.Melville,s is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy, religion, etc, in additionto a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A.The Old Man and the SeaB.Moby DickC.White JacketD.Billy Budd8.American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. Thiswas.A.Anne BradstreetB.Jane AustenC.Emily DickinsonD.Harriet Beecher9.The main theme of The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo thatrepresentation of life should be the main object of the novel.A.Henry James,B.William Dean Howells,C.Mark Twain'sD.O. Henry's10.showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A.Ezra PoundB.Robert FrostC.T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11.With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, becamethe major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.realismD.naturalism12.Ezra Pound's long poem contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected.A.The Waste LandB.The CantosC.Don JuanD.Queen Mab13.In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with, accomplished a revolution in literary style andlanguage.A.Gertrude SteinB.Ezra PoundC.James JoyceD.all of the above14.tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from their farm in Oklahomauntil their first winter in California.A.Of Mice and MenB.The Grapes of WrathC.The Great GatsbyD.For Whom the Bell Tolls15.The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticism werethe failures of American society and.A.the failure of communication among AmericansB.the economic depressionC.the extreme prosperity of AmericaD.the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1.All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2.Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4.Hemingway,s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain,s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6.Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentencestructure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8.Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9.Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantat iwas written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15. Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled“ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced the active thinking ofAmericans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck,s novels.20.“Thanatopsis” is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”. Y Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see theestand, The agate lamp within thy hand! Ah, Psyche, from theregions which Are Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is.(1%)2.With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3.How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and II took the one less traveledby, And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1.Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2.What is the title of this poem? (1%)3.What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4.How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1.This passage is taken from a famous work entitled. (1%)2.The author of the work is . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in thewoods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal (入口)，and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel, written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion? (5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and down The pleasant streets of that dearold town, And my youth comes back to me. And a verse of aLapland song Is haunting my memory still: "A boy's will is thewind's will, And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem?(1%)2.The author of the poem is. (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word, usually a verb, whichsums up the feeling established in the stanza. What is the verb and what kind feelingthat it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect, Framed by that mightyArchitect,With glory richly furnished, Stands permanent though this befled. It,s purchased and paid for too By Him who hath enoughto do.Questions:1. This stanza is taken from the poem by.(2%)2. What is one,s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death” . (10%)3.Ralph Waldo Emerson,s Self-Reliance. (10%)《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准I.Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O,Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20. F. Scott FitzgeraldII.Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelm.Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following frag gm e nts and answer thePassage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. (diction, rhyme and rhythm, rhetorical devices.)The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”⑴3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b andconversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life. Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne. (2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2)VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1.Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. (10%)2.Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death” . (10%)3.Ralph Waldo Emerson,s Self-Reliance. (10%)The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
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美国文学考试The CrucibleArthur Miller中三第2学期美国文学考试25分得了21分，值得高兴一下，下面是考试题和我的写作。
最后是关于The Crucible的中文介绍。
Answer the following question:Abigail has manipulated the situation leading to the mass hysteria in The Crucible to her personal advantage. To what extent would you agree that this is true? Remember to substantiate your views by referring closely to the text.I agree to a large extent that Abigail manipulated the situation leading to the mass hysteria to her personal advantage.As the mass hysteria breaks out in Salem, Abigail cannot shake off her involvement in the incident as Parris caught her with other girls dancing the the forest over a fire in Act I. Abigail and the girls would be accused of witchcraft as they were said to be communicating with the Devil in the woods. People started to talk about witchcraft and started to be hysterical as Betty and Ann fell sick and they thought these incidents that occur was likely to be associated with the Devil. Thus, due to the fact that Abigail had been caught dancing in the forest and would most likely be accused of witchcrast as the mass hysteria started to break out in Act I, Abigail had to manipulate the situation to save herself from trouble.Abigail started to shift the blame of witchcraft over to other people in the village. In order to save herself, she had to manipulate the situation by first showing that she had not been practicing witchcraft. Abigail manipulated the situation to her own advantage so she would not be accused of witchcraft. She first manipulated the fear of the villagers as people feared of being accused. People feared the dark side of the unknown as they did not know what caused Betty to fall sick and Putnam’s childrento die and they were unsure about what would happen in the future. People feared that they would be involved and the trouble that they might be in. Thus, she manipulated this fear of the people to her own advantage as she started to do in Act I. She started to accuse and push the blame of witchcraft to the other girls like Tituba so they in their fear, will defend themselves and then push the blame to others. In this way Abigail manipulated the fear of the people in the situation of the mass hysteria so she gained the personal advantage as she would be saved from being accused of witchcraft.Abigail also mani pulated the Puritan Society’s values to her own advantage. At first, she was accused, but she pushed the blame to others. As according to Puritan values, “Witchcraft is a serious crime that will lead to hang”, as people are afraid of death, they will try at all costs to protect theselves by accusing others of witchcraft. Thus, Abigail gained advantage from the Puritan’s values.As the play moved on, Abigail gained great advantage by her manipulation. She was now able to accuse of anyone and they will be questioned and jailed. This greatly empowered Abigail as compared to the past; she was just a servant girl. She had no power at all and was discriminated by the society. Now, she gained so much power and advantages that she could just simply point at anyone and that person, no matter what social status, would be in trouble and jailed. Thus, Abigail manipulated the people’s fear and the Puritan values to her own advantage. As she gained the ultimate power of accusing anyone at anytime and to also “write the law”. Therefore, Abigail gained great advantage by manipulating the situation.However, her advantages were not long-term. She only achieved power for a short period of time. As the play ends and the whole incident is brought to a close, People realized that this mass hysteria was just the people’s own fear and it was ridiculous to young girls like Abigail to gain power like this. The hangings are over and most people have seen that the whole witch trial was caused by Abigail’s fraud and she had to leave town and be a prostitute in Boston. Thus, she did not really benefit as shegained advantage only for a short period of time. She did save herself from accusation and death, but did not gain real advantage as the whole incident ended.激情年代(The Crucible)剧情：1692年，在马萨诸塞州的一个清教徒社群里，一群女孩被指控对男子施以巫术，在宗教团体和当局的严刑威逼下，女孩们不得不撒谎陷害无辜。
最终有19人以“施巫术”的罪名被送上绞架。
村里有个女孩艾比借此机会煽风点火诬陷无辜，村民约翰因与其有外遇而保持缄默，但当艾比的迫害降临到自己妻子头上，约翰才向法官说出这一切……而法官为了判定谁有罪而大伤脑筋的同时，小镇上人人自危，不惜一切以求自保……名剧作家亚瑟·米勒在五十年代写成舞台剧《严酷的考验》，以十七世纪在美国麻州沙林村发生的女巫事件影射麦卡锡主义的恐共疑云。
四十多年后由他亲自改编此剧搬上银幕，主题却转向女主角艾比的复仇行动。
剧情描述牧师的侄女为人狡滑，她利用村中女孩假装中邪的事件煽中点火，藉以铲除异己。