花键齿轮参数中英文对照
花键齿轮参数中英文对照
渐开线花键 involute spline未注公差 undeclared tolerance未注倒角 undeclared chamfer调质 thermal refining端口 port chamfer模数 modulus齿形角 tooth profile angle变位系数 stand-off error齿圈径向跳动 geared ring radial runout 公法线长度及偏差 common normal跨齿数 spanned tooth count高频淬火 high-frequency quenching 配对齿轮 mating gear螺旋角 spiral angle压力角 pressure angle螺旋升角 lead angle图号 figure number齿厚 tooth thickness螺旋线 helix蜗杆 worm齿轮 gear齿轴 gear shaft转子轴 rotor shaft精度等级 precision class齿轮基本术语齿轮Toothed gear；Gear齿面Tooth flank长幅内摆线Prolate hypocycloid齿轮副Gear pair右侧齿面Right flank短幅内摆线Curtate hypocycloid平行轴齿轮副Gear pair with parallel axes左侧齿面Left flank渐开线Involute；Involute to a circle相交轴齿轮副Gear pair with intersecting axes 同侧齿面Corresponding flank延伸渐开线Prolate involute齿轮系Train of gears异侧齿面Opposite flank缩短渐开线Curtate involute行星齿轮系Planetary gear train工作齿面Working flank球面渐开线Spherical involute齿轮传动Gear drive；Gear transmission 非工作齿面Non-working flank渐开螺旋面Involute helicoid配对齿轮Mating gears相啮齿面Mating flank 阿基米德螺旋面Screw helicoid小齿轮Pinion共轭齿面Conjugate flank球面渐开螺旋面Spherical involute helicoid 大齿轮Wheel；Gear可用齿面Usable flank圆环面Toroid主动齿轮Driving gear有效齿面Active flank圆环面的母圈Generant of the toroit从动齿轮Driven gear上齿面Addendum flank圆环面的中性圈Middle circle of the toroid 行星齿轮Planet gear下齿面Dedendum flank圆环面的中间平面Middle-plane of the toroid 行星架Planet carrier齿根过渡曲面Fillet圆环面的内圈Inner circle of the toroid太阳轮Sun gear齿顶Crest；Top land啮合干涉Meshing interference内齿圈Ring gear；Annulus gear 槽底Bottom land切齿干涉Cutter interference外齿轮External gear齿廓Tooth profile齿廓修型Profile modification；Profile correction内齿轮Internal gear端面齿廓Transverse profile修缘Tip relief中心距Centre distance法向齿廓Normal profile修根Root relief轴交角Shaft angle轴向齿廓Axial profile齿向修形Axial modification；Longitudinal correction连心线Line of centres背锥齿廓Back cone tooth profile齿端修薄End relief减速齿轮副Speed reducing gear pair 齿线Tooth trace鼓形修整Crowning增速齿轮副Speed increasing gear pair 齿棱Tip；Tooth tip鼓形齿Crowned teeth齿数比Gear ratio 模数Module挖根Undercut传动比Transmission ratio端面模数Transverse module瞬时轴Instantaneous axis轴平面Axial plane法向模数Normal module瞬时接触点Point of contact基准平面Datum plane轴向模数Axial module瞬时接触线Line of contact节平面Pitch plane径节Diametral pitch端面啮合线Transverse path ofPineneedle 050328contact端平面Transverse plane齿数Number of teech啮合曲面Surface of action法平面Normal plane当量齿数Virtual number of teeth啮合平面Plane of action分度曲面Reference surface头数Number of starts；Number of threads 啮合区域Zone of action节曲面Pitch surface螺旋线Helix；Circular helix总作用弧Total arc of transmission齿顶曲面Tip surface圆锥螺旋线Conical spiral端面作用弧Transverse arc of transmission 齿根曲面Root surface螺旋角Helix angle；Spiral angle纵向作用弧Overlap arc基本齿廓Basic tooth profile导程Lead总作用角Total angle of transmission基本齿条Basic rack导程角Lead angle端面作用角Transverse angle of transmission 产形齿条Counterpart rack阿基米德螺旋线Archimedes spiral纵向作用角Overlap angle产形齿轮Generating gear of a gear外摆线Epicycloid总重合度Total contact ratio产形齿面Generating flank长幅外摆线Prolateepoicycloid端面重合度Transverse ratio基准线Datum line短幅外摆线Curtateepoicycloid纵向重合度Overlap ratio轮齿Gear teeth；Tooth摆线Cycloid标准齿轮Standard gears齿槽Tooth space长幅摆线Prolate cycloid非变位齿轮X-gero gear右旋齿Right-hand teeth短幅摆线Curtate cycloid标准中心距Referencrcentre distance左旋齿Left-hand teeth内摆线Hypocycloid名义中心距Nominal centre distance变位齿轮Gears with addendum modification；X-gears直齿轮Spur gear分度圆柱面Reference cylinder高度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with reference centre distance 斜齿轮Helical gear；Single-helical gear节圆柱面Pitch cylinder角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with modified centre distance 直齿条Spur rack基圆柱面Basic cylinder高度变位锥齿轮副X-gear pair without shaft angle modification 斜齿条Helical rack齿顶圆柱面Tip cylinder角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with shaft angle modification人字齿轮Double-helical gear齿根圆柱面Root cylinder变位系数Modification coefficient渐开线齿轮Involute cylindrical gear节点Pitch point变位量Addendum摆线齿轮Cycloidal gear节线Pitch linePineneedle 050328modification径向变位系数Addendum modification coefficient圆弧齿轮Circular-arc gear；W-N gear分度圆Reference circle中心距变位系数Centre distance modification coefficient双圆弧齿轮Double-circular-arc gear节圆Pitch circle圆柱齿轮Cylindrical gear假想曲面Imaginary surfance基圆Basic circle顶圆Tip circle 任意点法向压力角Normal pressure angle at a point定位面Locating face根圆Root circle任意点端面压力角Transverse pressure angle at a point 外锥距Outer cone distance齿距Pitch啮合角Working pressure angle内锥距Inner cone distance齿距角Angular pitch顶隙Bottom clearance中点锥距Mean cone distance公法线长度Base tangent length圆周侧隙Circumferential blacklash背锥距Back cone distance分度圆直径Reference diameter法向侧隙Normal blacklash安装距Locating distance节圆直径Pitch diameter径向侧隙Radial blacklash轮冠距Tip distance；crown to back基圆直径Base diameter锥齿轮Bevel gear冠顶距Apex to crown顶圆直径Tip diameter锥齿轮副Bevel gear pair偏置距Offset根圆直径Root diameter准双曲面齿轮副Hypoid gear pair齿线偏移量Offset of tooth trace齿根圆角半径Fillet radius准双曲面齿轮Hypoid gear分锥角Reference cone angle 齿高Tooth depth冠轮Crown gear节锥角Pitch cone angle工作高度Working depth端面齿轮Contrate gear顶锥角Tip angle齿顶高Addendum直齿锥齿轮Straight bevel gear根锥角Root angle齿根高Dedendum斜齿锥齿轮Skew bevel gear；Helical bevel gear背锥角Back cone angle弦齿高Chordal height曲面齿锥齿轮Curved tooth bevel gear 齿顶角Addendum angel固定弦齿高Constant chord height弧齿锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear齿根角Dedendum angle齿宽Facewidth摆线齿锥齿轮Enicycloid bevel gear任意点压力角Pressure angle at a point有效齿宽Effective facewidth零度齿锥齿轮Zerot bevel gear任意点螺旋角Spiral angle at a point端面齿厚Transverse tooth thickness圆柱齿轮端面齿轮副Contrate gear pair中点螺旋角Mean spiral angle法向齿厚Normal tooth thickness锥齿轮的当量圆柱齿轮Virtual cylindrical gear of bevel gear大端螺旋角Outer spiral angle端面基圆齿厚Transverse base thickness8字啮合锥齿轮Octoid gear小端螺旋角Inner spiral angle法向基圆齿厚Normal base thickness圆柱齿弧锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear with circle arc tooth profile 蜗杆WormPineneedle 050328端面弦齿厚Transverse chordal tooth thickness分度圆锥面Reference cone蜗轮Worm wheel固定弦齿厚Constant chord节圆锥面Pitch cone蜗杆副Worm gear pair端面齿顶厚Crest width齿顶圆锥面Face cone；tip cone圆柱蜗杆Cylindrical worm法向齿顶厚Normal crest width齿根圆锥面Root cone圆柱蜗杆副Cylindrical worm pair端面齿槽宽Transverse spacewidth背锥面Back cone环面蜗杆Enveloping worm法向齿槽宽Normal spacewidth前锥面Front cone环面蜗杆副Enveloping worm pair齿厚半角Tooth thickness half angle中锥面Middle cone阿基米德蜗杆Straight sided axial worm；ZA-worm槽宽半角Spacewidth half angle分锥顶点Reference cone apex渐开线蜗杆Involute helicoid worm；ZI-worm压力角Pressure angle轴线交点Crossing point of axes法向直廓蜗杆Straight sided normal worm；ZN-worm 齿形角Nominal pressure angle公共锥顶Common apex锥面包络圆柱蜗杆Milled helicoid worm；ZK-worm圆弧圆柱蜗杆Arc-contact worm；hollow flank worm；ZC-worm齿根圆环面Root tosoid椭圆齿轮Elliptical gear直廓环面蜗杆Enveloping worm with straight line grneratrix；TA worm 咽喉面Gorge非圆齿轮副Non-circular gear pair平面蜗杆Planar worm wheel；P-worm wheel喉平面Gorge plane圆柱针轮副Cylindsical lantern pinion and wheel平面包络环面蜗杆Planar double enveloping worm；TP-worm喉圆Gorge circle针轮Cylindsical tan tein gear ；pin-wheel平面二次包络蜗杆Planar double-enveloping worm wheel；TP-worm wheel分度圆蜗旋线Reference helix谐波齿轮副Harmoric gear drive锥面包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm wheel；TK-worm wheel螺纹Thread波发生器Wave generator渐开线包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm hich involute holicoidgeneratrix；TI-worm蜗杆齿宽Worm facewidth柔性齿轮Flexspine锥蜗杆Spiroid蜗轮齿宽Worm wheel facewidth 刚性齿轮Circular spline锥蜗轮Spiroid gear直径系数Diametral quotient非圆齿轮Non-circular gear Pineneedle 050328锥蜗杆副Spiroid gear pair咽喉半径Gorge radius分度圆环面Reference tosoid中平面Mid-plane齿宽角Width angle。
齿轮参数中英文对照
齿轮参数中英文对照Gear Parameters 齿轮参数1. Pitch Circle Diameter (PCD) 中心圆直径2. Module 压力角Module refers to the ratio of the pitch circle diameter to the number of teeth. It determines the size of the gear teeth and is expressed in millimeters. The module is an essential parameter for gear manufacturing and design.3. Pressure Angle 压力角The pressure angle is the angle between the line of action and a line tangent to the pitch circle. It affects the gear's performance, including its load-carrying capacity and efficiency.4. Number of Teeth 齿数The number of teeth is the total count of teeth on a gear.It plays a crucial role in determining the gear's size,rotational speed, and torque ratio.5. Circular Pitch 圆距The circular pitch is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent gear teeth. It is usually measured along the pitch circle and is represented in millimeters.6. Face Width 面宽The face width refers to the length of the gear teeth along the axis of rotation. It is an essential parameter for ensuring proper load distribution and tooth strength.7. Helix Angle 螺旋角The helix angle is the angle formed between the helix and a plane perpendicular to the gear axis. It determines thedirection of the helical gear's tooth spiral.8. Module Angle 模仰角The module angle is the angle between the line of action and a line tangent to the helix angle. It is a critical parameterfor helical gears.9. Helix Lead 螺旋铅距10. Backlash 间隙Backlash is the amount of clearance or play between the mating gears when they are not in contact. It affects the transmission accuracy and must be carefully controlled in gear design.11. Addendum 圆顶The addendum is the radial distance between the pitch circle and the outermost point on the gear tooth. It ensures proper engagement between gears.12. Dedendum 圆谷The dedendum is the radial distance between the pitch circle and the innermost point on the gear tooth. It providessufficient space for the mating gear's teeth.13. Dedendum Angle 谷角The dedendum angle is the angle between the dedendum and a radial line from the gear center. It affects the gear'sdurability and strength.14. Working Depth 有效厚度The working depth is the radial distance between the addendum and dedendum. It plays a crucial role in determining the gear's load-carrying capacity and strength.15. Pitch Diameter 齿顶直径The pitch diameter is the diameter of the pitch circle. It is typically used in gear calculations.。
齿轮参数 中英文对照
EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DATA（外圆柱齿轮参数）manufacturing data（制造参数）part number（零件号）tooth form（齿面）gear type（齿轮类型）number of teeth（齿数）normal module（法向模数）normal pressure angle (at ref circle)法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle (at ref circle)螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead（螺旋导程）hand of helix（旋向）reference face width（参考齿宽）outside diameter（齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter（倒圆直径）reference(pitch)circle diameter（分度圆直径）或节圆start of active profile diameter有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter齿根圆直径base circle diameter基圆直径whole depth全齿高normal circular tooth thickness (at reference circle)法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle压力角tooth thickness at reference line分圆齿厚protuberance凸角tip radius齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DATA检验数据profile tolerance and modifications齿形公差和修形profile hollow齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout节圆跳动pitch variation齿距偏差lead variation齿向偏差lead hollow齿向中凹profile surface finish渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR对啮齿的参考参数normal center distance 中心距mating gear part number对啮齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear对啮轮齿数backlash (nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP)侧隙(法线方向，室温)general notes(通用技术要求)1.DO not scale drawing(不要在图上量取尺寸)2.all surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break 0.075 MM MAX(所有面,角和边不能有毛刺,锐边倒钝不超过0.075mm)3.unless otherwise stated(除非特别注明,否则)A.all dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perChinese standard(所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准)B.all surface finishes to be 3.2 micrometer or better(所有表面粗糙度不应低于3.2)C.all dimension are finished dimensions;no allowance has beenmade for any change in maximum or least material conditiondue to heat treatment(所有尺寸均为最终尺寸;热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差)D linear dimensions to be +/- 0.25 MM(线性尺寸偏差为+/- 0.25 MM)E angular dimensions to be +/- 0.5º(角度尺寸偏差为+/- 0.5º)4.mark part number as shown(如图作零件号)5.mark serial number as shown(如图作系列号)6.heat treatment to be applied to all surfaces(整体热处理)gear notes(齿轮技术要求)1.do not grind roots and fillets after heat treatment(热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角)2.no steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterhoning or grinding(珩磨后,齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕)3.profile tolerance based upon floating band fit(齿形误差应以公差带为计)4.gear must be free from grind burns and tempering(齿面不得烧伤)5.pitch line runout and other tooth tolerances are with respect todatum A(节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准)6.profile tolerance to be measured between form and chamfer(齿形误差应由渐开线起始(或终止)圆测量至齿顶倒角)7.min hardness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet region(齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差)8.root radius tangent to profile not to extend above form diameter(齿根圆角要与齿面相切,而且不能超过渐开线起始(或终止)圆直径。
齿轮参数术语中英文对照总结
齿轮参数术语中英文对照总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII齿轮参数中英对照英文齿轮参数中文齿轮参数number of teeth 齿数normal module 法向模数transverse module 端面模数addendum modification factor 变位系数reference diameter 分度圆直径tip diameter 齿顶圆直径root diameter 齿根圆直径base diameter 基圆直径prefinishing diameter 剃前渐开线起始圆直径control form diameter 渐开线检查有效直径effective outside diameter 渐开线终止圆直径lead 导程normal pressure angle 法向压力角transverse pressure angle 端面压力角helix angle 分度圆螺旋角base helix angle 基圆螺旋角hand of helix 旋向circular thickness on Dp 分度圆上弧齿厚chordal addendum 弦齿高normal circular thickness on Dp after finishing and heat treatment 分度圆弦齿厚base tangent measurement after finishing and heat treatment 公法线长度dimension over f diameter balls or pin after finishing and heat treament 跨棒距backlash 总侧系center distance 中心距tool tip radius 刀具齿顶圆角半径tooth tip fillet angle refered to axis 齿顶倒角number of teeth of mating gear 配对齿轮齿数Toothed gear；Gear 齿轮Gear pair 齿轮副Gear pair with parallel axes 平行轴齿轮副Gear pair with intersecting axes 相交轴齿轮副Train of gears 齿轮系Planetary gear train 行星齿轮系Gear drive；Gear transmission 齿轮传动Mating gears 配对齿轮Pinion 小齿轮Wheel；Gear 大齿轮Driving gear 主动齿轮Driven gear 从动齿轮Planet gear 行星齿轮Planet carrier 行星架Sun gear 太阳轮Ring gear；Annulus gear 内齿圈External gear 外齿轮Internal gear 内齿轮Centre distance 中心距Shaft angle 轴交角Line of centres 连心线Speed reducing gear pair 减速齿轮副Speed increasing gear pair 增速齿轮副Gear ratio 齿数比Transmission ratio 传动比Axial plane 轴平面Datum plane 基准平面Pitch plane 节平面Transverse plane 端平面Normal plane 法平面Reference surface 分度曲面Pitch surface 节曲面Tip surface 齿顶曲面Root surface 齿根曲面Basic tooth profile 基本齿廓Basic rack 基本齿条Counterpart rack 产形齿条Generating gear of a gear 产形齿轮Generating flank 产形齿面Right-hand teeth 右旋齿Left-hand teeth 左旋齿Gears with addendum modification；变位齿轮Addendum modification factor 变位系数X-gearsX-gear pair with reference centre distance 高度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with modified centre distance 角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair without shaft angle modification 高度变位锥齿轮副X-gear pair with shaft angle modification 角度变位圆柱齿轮副Modification coefficient 变位系数Addendum modification 变位量Addendum modification coefficient 径向变位系数Centre distance modification coefficient 中心距变位系数Cylindrical gear 圆柱齿轮Tip circle 顶圆Root circle 根圆Pitch 齿距Angular pitch 齿距角Base tangent length 公法线长度Reference diameter 分度圆直径Pitch diameter 节圆直径Fillet radius 齿根圆角半径Working depth 工作高度Addendum 齿顶高Dedendum 齿根高Chordal height 弦齿高Constant chord height 固定弦齿高Facewidth 齿宽Effective facewidth 有效齿宽Transverse tooth thickness 端面齿厚Normal tooth thickness 法向齿厚Transverse base thickness 端面基圆齿厚Normal base thickness 法向基圆齿厚Transverse chordal tooth thickness 端面弦齿厚Constant chord 固定弦齿厚Crest width 端面齿顶厚Normal crest width 法向齿顶厚Transverse spacewidth 端面齿槽宽Normal spacewidth 法向齿槽宽Tooth thickness half angle 齿厚半角Spacewidth half angle 槽宽半角Nominal pressure angle 齿形角Arc-contact worm；hollow flank worm；ZC-worm 圆弧圆柱蜗杆Enveloping worm with straight line grneratrix；TA worm 直廓环面蜗杆Planar worm wheel；P-worm wheel 平面蜗杆Planar double enveloping worm；TP-worm 平面包络环面蜗杆Planar double-enveloping worm wheel；TP-worm wheel 平面二次包络蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm wheel；TK-worm wheel 锥面包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm hich involute holicoid generatrix；TI-worm 渐开线包络环面蜗杆Spiroid 锥蜗杆Spiroid gear 锥蜗轮Spiroid gear pair 锥蜗杆副Mid-plane 中平面Prolate hypocycloid 长幅内摆线Curtate hypocycloid 短幅内摆线Involute；渐开线Involute to a circleProlate involute 延伸渐开线Curtate involute 缩短渐开线Spherical involute 球面渐开线Involute helicoid 渐开螺旋面Screw helicoid 阿基米德螺旋面Spherical involute helicoid 球面渐开螺旋面Toroid 圆环面Generant of the toroit 圆环面的母圈Middle circle of the toroid 圆环面的中性圈Middle-plane of the toroid 圆环面的中间平面Inner circle of the toroid 圆环面的内圈Meshing interference 啮合干涉Cutter interference 切齿干涉Profile modification；齿廓修型Profile correctionTip relief 修缘Root relief 修根Axial modification；齿向修形Longitudinal correctionEnd relief 齿端修薄Crowning 鼓形修整Crowned teeth 鼓形齿Undercut 挖根Instantaneous axis 瞬时轴Point of contact 瞬时接触点Line of contact 瞬时接触线Transverse path of contact 端面啮合线Surface of action 啮合曲面Plane of action 啮合平面Zone of action 啮合区域Total arc of transmission 总作用弧Transverse arc of transmission 端面作用弧Overlap arc 纵向作用弧Total angle of transmission 总作用角Transverse angle of transmission 端面作用角Overlap angle 纵向作用角Total contact ratio 总重合度Transverse ratio 端面重合度Overlap ratio 纵向重合度Standard gears 标准齿轮X-gero gear 非变位齿轮Referencr centre distance 标准中心距Nominal centre distance 名义中心距Reference cylinder 分度圆柱面Pitch cylinder 节圆柱面Basic cylinder 基圆柱面Tip cylinder 齿顶圆柱面Root cylinder 齿根圆柱面Pitch point 节点Pitch line 节线Reference circle 分度圆Pitch circle 节圆Basic circle 基圆Locating face 定位面Outer cone distance 外锥距Inner cone distance 内锥距Mean cone distance 中点锥距Back cone distance 背锥距Locating distance 安装距Tip distance；crown to back 轮冠距Apex to crown 冠顶距Offset 偏置距Offset of tooth trace 齿线偏移量Reference cone angle 分锥角Pitch cone angle 节锥角Tip angle 顶锥角Root angle 根锥角Back cone angle 背锥角Addendum angel 齿顶角Dedendum angle 齿根角Pressure angle at a point 任意点压力角Spiral angle at a point 任意点螺旋角Mean spiral angle 中点螺旋角Outer spiral angle 大端螺旋角Inner spiral angle 小端螺旋角Worm 蜗杆Worm wheel 蜗轮Worm gear pair 蜗杆副Cylindrical worm 圆柱蜗杆Cylindrical worm pair 圆柱蜗杆副Enveloping worm 环面蜗杆Enveloping worm pair 环面蜗杆副Straight sided axial worm；ZA-worm 阿基米德蜗杆Involute helicoid worm；ZI-worm 渐开线蜗杆Straight sided normal worm；ZN-worm 法向直廓蜗杆Milled helicoid worm；ZK-worm 锥面包络圆柱蜗杆Elliptical gear 椭圆齿轮Non-circular gear pair 非圆齿轮副Cylindsical lantern pinion and wheel 圆柱针轮副Cylindsical tan tein gear ；pin-wheel 针轮Harmoric gear drive 谐波齿轮副Wave generator 波发生器Flexspine 柔性齿轮Circular spline 刚性齿轮Non-circular gear 非圆齿轮Reference tosoid 分度圆环面11。
花键齿轮参数中英文对照
花键齿轮参数中英文对照在花键齿轮设计中，有许多参数需要考虑。
下面是一些常见的花键齿轮参数的中英文对照。
1. Pitch Diameter (齿圈中心直径)2. Module (模数)3. Number of teeth (齿数)4. Pressure angle (压力角)5. Face width (齿宽)6. Tooth thickness (齿厚)7. Backlash (啮合间隙)8. Addendum (齿顶高)9. Dedendum (齿根高)10. Circular pitch (齿距)11. Helix angle (螺旋角)12. Pitch line velocity (周速)13. Contact ratio (接触比)14. Tooth profile (齿形)在设计花键齿轮时，这些参数是必不可少的。
以下是对每个参数的详细解释：1. Pitch Diameter (齿圈中心直径): 齿圈的中心直径，用于计算基本的齿轮几何尺寸。
2. Module (模数): 模数是齿轮设计中的一个重要参数，它表示了齿轮齿距和齿轮的尺寸之间的比例关系。
3. Number of teeth (齿数): 齿轮上的齿的数量，它决定了齿轮的大小和传动比。
4. Pressure angle (压力角): 齿轮上齿面的斜率与压力线的夹角。
5. Face width (齿宽): 齿轮上齿面的宽度，在花键齿轮传动中起支撑和传递力的作用。
6. Tooth thickness (齿厚): 齿轮上齿的厚度，决定了花键齿轮的载荷和传力能力。
7. Backlash (啮合间隙): 两个齿轮啮合时，齿的间隙或微小间隔。
8. Addendum (齿顶高): 齿轮齿面的齿高，从基圆到齿顶的距离。
9. Dedendum (齿根高): 齿轮齿面的齿根高度，从基圆到齿根尖的距离。
10. Circular pitch (齿距): 齿轮上齿与相邻齿距离的测量，从齿顶到齿顶的距离。
花键齿轮参数中英文对照
. 渐开线花键 involute spline精度等级 precision class未注公差 undeclared tolerance未注倒角 undeclared chamfer调质 thermal refining端口 port chamfer模数 modulus齿形角 tooth profile angle变位系数 stand-off error齿圈径向跳动 geared ring radial runout公法线长度及偏差 common normal跨齿数 spanned tooth count高频淬火 high-frequency quenching配对齿轮 mating gear螺旋角 spiral angle压力角 pressure angle螺旋升角 lead angle图号 figure number齿厚 tooth thickness螺旋线 helix蜗杆 worm齿轮 gear齿轴 gear shaft转子轴 rotor shaft.齿轮基本术语齿轮Toothed gear；Gear 齿面Tooth flank长幅内摆线Prolate hypocycloid齿轮副Gear pair右侧齿面Right flank短幅内摆线Curtate hypocycloid平行轴齿轮副Gear pair with parallel axes左侧齿面Left flank渐开线Involute；Involute to a circle相交轴齿轮副Gear pair with intersecting axes 同侧齿面Corresponding flank延伸渐开线Prolate involute齿轮系Train of gears异侧齿面Opposite flank缩短渐开线Curtate involute行星齿轮系Planetary gear train工作齿面Working flank球面渐开线Spherical involute齿轮传动Gear drive；Gear transmission 非工作齿面Non-working flank渐开螺旋面Involute helicoid配对齿轮Mating gears.相啮齿面Mating flank阿基米德螺旋面Screw helicoid小齿轮Pinion共轭齿面Conjugate flank球面渐开螺旋面Spherical involute helicoid 大齿轮Wheel；Gear可用齿面Usable flank圆环面Toroid主动齿轮Driving gear有效齿面Active flank圆环面的母圈Generant of the toroit从动齿轮Driven gear上齿面Addendum flank圆环面的中性圈Middle circle of the toroid 行星齿轮Planet gear下齿面Dedendum flank圆环面的中间平面Middle-plane of the toroid 行星架Planet carrier齿根过渡曲面Fillet圆环面的内圈Inner circle of the toroid 太阳轮Sun gear齿顶Crest；Top land啮合干涉Meshing interference内齿圈Ring gear；Annulus gear 槽底Bottom land切齿干涉Cutter interference外齿轮External gear齿廓Tooth profile齿廓修型Profile modification；Profile correction内齿轮Internal gear端面齿廓Transverse profile修缘Tip relief中心距Centre distance法向齿廓Normal profile修根Root relief轴交角Shaft angle轴向齿廓Axial profile齿向修形Axial modification；Longitudinal correction 连心线Line of centres.背锥齿廓Back cone tooth profile齿端修薄End relief减速齿轮副Speed reducing gear pair 齿线Tooth trace鼓形修整Crowning增速齿轮副Speed increasing gear pair 齿棱Tip；Tooth tip鼓形齿Crowned teeth齿数比Gear ratio模数Module挖根Undercut传动比Transmission ratio端面模数Transverse module瞬时轴Instantaneous axis轴平面Axial plane法向模数Normal module瞬时接触点Point of contact基准平面Datum plane轴向模数Axial module瞬时接触线Line of contact 节平面Pitch plane径节Diametral pitch端面啮合线Transverse path ofPineneedle 050328contact端平面Transverse plane齿数Number of teech啮合曲面Surface of action法平面Normal plane当量齿数Virtual number of teeth啮合平面Plane of action分度曲面Reference surface头数Number of starts；Number of threads 啮合区域Zone of action节曲面Pitch surface螺旋线Helix；Circular helix总作用弧Total arc of transmission齿顶曲面Tip surface圆锥螺旋线Conical spiral端面作用弧Transverse arc of transmission齿根曲面Root surface.螺旋角Helix angle；Spiral angle纵向作用弧Overlap arc基本齿廓Basic tooth profile导程Lead总作用角Total angle of transmission基本齿条Basic rack导程角Lead angle端面作用角Transverse angle of transmission 产形齿条Counterpart rack阿基米德螺旋线Archimedes spiral纵向作用角Overlap angle产形齿轮Generating gear of a gear外摆线Epicycloid总重合度Total contact ratio产形齿面Generating flank长幅外摆线Prolate epoicycloid端面重合度Transverse ratio基准线Datum line短幅外摆线Curtate epoicycloid纵向重合度Overlap ratio轮齿Gear teeth；Tooth摆线Cycloid标准齿轮Standard gears齿槽Tooth space长幅摆线Prolate cycloid非变位齿轮X-gero gear右旋齿Right-hand teeth短幅摆线Curtate cycloid标准中心距Referencr centre distance左旋齿Left-hand teeth内摆线Hypocycloid名义中心距Nominal centre distance变位齿轮Gears with addendum modification；X-gears直齿轮Spur gear分度圆柱面Reference cylinder高度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with reference centre distance 斜齿轮Helical gear；Single-helical gear节圆柱面Pitch cylinder角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with modified centre distance.直齿条Spur rack基圆柱面Basic cylinder高度变位锥齿轮副X-gear pair without shaft angle modification 斜齿条Helical rack齿顶圆柱面Tip cylinder角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with shaft angle modification人字齿轮Double-helical gear齿根圆柱面Root cylinder变位系数Modification coefficient渐开线齿轮Involute cylindrical gear节点Pitch point变位量Addendum摆线齿轮Cycloidal gear节线Pitch linePineneedle 050328modification径向变位系数Addendum modification coefficient圆弧齿轮Circular-arc gear；W-N gear分度圆Reference circle中心距变位系数Centre distance modification coefficient双圆弧齿轮Double-circular-arc gear 节圆Pitch circle圆柱齿轮Cylindrical gear假想曲面Imaginary surfance基圆Basic circle顶圆Tip circle任意点法向压力角Normal pressure angle at a point定位面Locating face根圆Root circle任意点端面压力角Transverse pressure angle at a point 外锥距Outer cone distance齿距Pitch啮合角Working pressure angle内锥距Inner cone distance齿距角Angular pitch顶隙Bottom clearance中点锥距Mean cone distance公法线长度Base tangent length圆周侧隙Circumferential blacklash背锥距Back cone distance分度圆直径Reference diameter.法向侧隙Normal blacklash安装距Locating distance节圆直径Pitch diameter径向侧隙Radial blacklash轮冠距Tip distance；crown to back 基圆直径Base diameter锥齿轮Bevel gear冠顶距Apex to crown顶圆直径Tip diameter锥齿轮副Bevel gear pair偏置距Offset根圆直径Root diameter准双曲面齿轮副Hypoid gear pair齿线偏移量Offset of tooth trace齿根圆角半径Fillet radius准双曲面齿轮Hypoid gear分锥角Reference cone angle齿高Tooth depth冠轮Crown gear节锥角Pitch cone angle 工作高度Working depth端面齿轮Contrate gear顶锥角Tip angle齿顶高Addendum直齿锥齿轮Straight bevel gear根锥角Root angle齿根高Dedendum斜齿锥齿轮Skew bevel gear；Helical bevel gear背锥角Back cone angle弦齿高Chordal height曲面齿锥齿轮Curved tooth bevel gear 齿顶角Addendum angel固定弦齿高Constant chord height 弧齿锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear齿根角Dedendum angle齿宽Facewidth摆线齿锥齿轮Enicycloid bevel gear任意点压力角Pressure angle at a point 有效齿宽Effective facewidth零度齿锥齿轮.Zerot bevel gear任意点螺旋角Spiral angle at a point端面齿厚Transverse tooth thickness圆柱齿轮端面齿轮副Contrate gear pair中点螺旋角Mean spiral angle法向齿厚Normal tooth thickness锥齿轮的当量圆柱齿轮Virtual cylindrical gear of bevel gear大端螺旋角Outer spiral angle端面基圆齿厚Transverse base thickness8字啮合锥齿轮Octoid gear小端螺旋角Inner spiral angle法向基圆齿厚Normal base thickness圆柱齿弧锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear with circle arc tooth profile 蜗杆WormPineneedle 050328端面弦齿厚Transverse chordal tooth thickness分度圆锥面Reference cone蜗轮Worm wheel固定弦齿厚Constant chord节圆锥面Pitch cone蜗杆副Worm gear pair 端面齿顶厚Crest width齿顶圆锥面Face cone；tip cone圆柱蜗杆Cylindrical worm法向齿顶厚Normal crest width齿根圆锥面Root cone圆柱蜗杆副Cylindrical worm pair端面齿槽宽Transverse spacewidth背锥面Back cone环面蜗杆Enveloping worm法向齿槽宽Normal spacewidth前锥面Front cone环面蜗杆副Enveloping worm pair齿厚半角Tooth thickness half angle中锥面Middle cone阿基米德蜗杆Straight sided axial worm；ZA-worm 槽宽半角Spacewidth half angle分锥顶点Reference cone apex渐开线蜗杆Involute helicoid worm；ZI-worm压力角Pressure angle轴线交点Crossing point of axes.法向直廓蜗杆Straight sided normal worm；ZN-worm齿形角Nominal pressure angle公共锥顶Common apex锥面包络圆柱蜗杆Milled helicoid worm；ZK-worm圆弧圆柱蜗杆Arc-contact worm；hollow flank worm；ZC-worm齿根圆环面Root tosoid椭圆齿轮Elliptical gear直廓环面蜗杆Enveloping worm with straight line grneratrix；TA worm 咽喉面Gorge非圆齿轮副Non-circular gear pair平面蜗杆Planar worm wheel；P-worm wheel喉平面Gorge plane圆柱针轮副Cylindsical lantern pinion and wheel平面包络环面蜗杆Planar double enveloping worm；TP-worm喉圆Gorge circle针轮Cylindsical tan tein gear ；pin-wheel平面二次包络蜗杆Planar double-enveloping worm wheel；TP-worm wheel分度圆蜗旋线Reference helix谐波齿轮副Harmoric gear drive锥面包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm wheel；TK-worm wheel螺纹Thread波发生器Wave generator渐开线包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm hich involute holicoid generatrix；TI-worm蜗杆齿宽Worm facewidth柔性齿轮Flexspine锥蜗杆Spiroid蜗轮齿宽Worm wheel facewidth刚性齿轮Circular spline锥蜗轮Spiroid gear直径系数Diametral quotient非圆齿轮Non-circular gearPineneedle 050328锥蜗杆副Spiroid gear pair咽喉半径Gorge radius分度圆环面Reference tosoid中平面Mid-plane齿宽角Width angle。
齿轮参数中英文对照
齿轮参数中英文对照EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DAT外圆柱齿轮参数）manu facturi ng data （制造参数）part number （零件号）tooth form （齿面）gear type （齿轮类型）nu mber of teeth （齿数）normal module （法向模数）normal pressure angle （at ref circle）法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle （at ref circle）螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead （螺旋导程）hand of helix （旋向）referenee face width （参考齿宽）outside diameter （齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter （倒圆直径）referen ce（pitch）circle diameter （分度圆直径）或节圆start of active profile diameter 有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter齿根圆直径base circle diameter 基圆直径whole depth 全齿高normal circular tooth thickness （at reference circle）法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle 压力角tooth thickness at reference line 分圆齿厚protuberanee 凸角tip radius齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DAT检验数据profile tolerance and modifications 齿形公差和修形profile hollow 齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout 节圆跳动pitch variation 齿距偏差lead variation 齿向偏差lead hollow 齿向中凹profile surface finish渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane 跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR齿齿的参考参数no rmal cen ter dista nce 中心距mating gear part number 对啮齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear 对啮轮齿数backlash （nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP侧隙（法线方向，室温）generalnotes （通用技术要求）1. DO not scale drawi ng（不要在图上量取尺寸）2. all surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break 0.075 MM MAX（所有面，角和边不能有毛刺，锐边倒钝不超过0.075mm）3. unless otherwise stated（除非特别注明，否则）A. all dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perCh in ese sta ndard（所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准）B. all surface finishes to be 3.2 micrometer or better（所有表面粗糙度不应低于 3.2）C. all dime nsion are fini shed dime nsions;no allowa nce has bee nmade for any change in maximum or least material condition due to heat treatment（所有尺寸均为最终尺寸；热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差）D linear dimensions to be +/- 0.25 MM（线性尺寸偏差为+/-0.25 MM）E angular dimensions to be +/- 0.5 o（角度尺寸偏差为+/-0.5o）4. mark part number as shown（女口图作零件号）5. mark serial number as shown（如图作系列号）6. heat treatment to be applied to all surfaces（整体热处理）gear notes（齿轮技术要求）1. do n ot gri nd roots and fillets after heat treatme nt（热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角）2. no steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterho ning or grin di ng（珩磨后，齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕）3. profile tolerance based upon floating band fit（齿形误差应以公差带为计）4. gear must be free from grind burns and tempering（齿面不得烧伤）5. pitch line runout and other tooth tolera nces are with respect todatum A（节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准）6. profile tolerance to be measured between form and chamfer（齿形误差应由渐开线起始（或终止）圆测量至齿顶倒角）7. min hard ness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet regio n（齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差）8. root radius tan ge nt to profile not to exte nd above form diameter（齿根圆角要与齿面相切，而且不能超过渐开线起始（或终止）圆直径。
花键齿轮参数中英文对照汇总
花键齿轮参数中英文对照汇总1. 模数（Module）：The module is the ratio of the pitch circle diameter to the number of teeth on the gear.2. 齿数（Number of Teeth）：The number of teeth on the gear.3. 压力角（Pressure Angle）：The pressure angle is the angle between the line of action and the line tangent to the pitch circle.4. 分度圆直径（Pitch Circle Diameter）：The pitch circle diameter is the diameter of the hypothetical circle that the gear teeth would be if removed from the gear.5. 脱啮廓角度（Addendum Angle）：The addendum angle is the angle between the tooth profile and the pitch circle.6. 脱啮圆直径（Addendum Circle Diameter）：The addendum circle diameter is the diameter of the imaginary circle that touches the tops of the gear teeth.7. 顶圆直径（Outside Diameter）：The outside diameter is the diameter of the gear measured over the tops of the teeth.8. 底圆直径（Root Diameter）：The root diameter is the diameter of the gear measured at the base of the tooth spaces.9. 压力角圆直径（Base Circle Diameter）：The base circle diameter is the diameter of the imaginary circle that touches the bottoms of the gear teeth.10. 正啮角（Helix Angle）：The helix angle is the angle between the gear tooth and the gear axis in the axial plane.11. 抬齿量（Lift）：The lift is the distance between the pitch circle and the tip of the gear tooth measured along the gear axis.12. 径向节圆直径（Dedendum Circle Diameter）：The dedendum circle diameter is the diameter of the imaginary circle that passes through the bottom of the tooth spaces.13. 中心距（Center Distance）：The center distance is the distance between the centers of two gears.14. 节圆直径（Dedendum Diameter）：The dedendum diameter is the diameter of the imaginary circle that touches the bottoms of the gear teeth.15. 啮合高度（Tooth Contact Height）：The tooth contact height is the height of the gear tooth that is actively meshed.16. 公法线长度（Circular Arc Length）：The circular arc length is the length of the measured arc on the pitch circle.17. 顶高（Addendum）：The addendum is the distance from the pitch circle to the top of the tooth.18. 底高（Dedendum）：The dedendum is the distance from the pitch circle to the bottom of the tooth space.19. 中面宽（Face Width）：The face width is the width of the gear tooth measured parallel to the axis.20. 齿根圆滚压深度（Fillet Depth）：The fillet depth is the depth of the circular arc notch in the root of the gear tooth.以上是关于花键齿轮参数的中英文对照汇总，希望能对您有所帮助。
花键中英文参数
花键中英文参数渐渐渐渐花involute spline未注公差 undeclared tolerance未注倒角undeclared chamfer渐渐 thermal refining端口 port chamfer模数 modulus渐形角tooth profile angle渐位系数stand-off error渐渐圈径向跳geared ring radial runout公法度及偏差渐渐渐渐渐渐 common normal跨数渐渐 spanned tooth count 高淬火渐渐渐 high-frequency quenching配渐渐渐 mating gear螺旋角 spiral angle渐力角pressure angle螺旋升角 lead angle渐号figure number渐厚tooth thickness螺旋渐 helix渐杆worm渐渐 gear渐渐 gear shaft渐渐子rotor shaft精度等渐precision class汽构造渐渐渐渐渐汽渐 automobile拖拉机 tractor渐渐路机locomotive有渐渐渐 tram无渐渐渐 trolley渐渐渐用military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民渐渐 national economy国内生渐渐渐 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革放渐渐 reform and opening技引渐渐渐technical import国化渐渐 localization支柱渐渐 pillar estate渐渐 car客渐 bus, coach渐渐 truck, lorry公路用渐 road vehicle非公路用渐 off-road vehicle渐渐机engine机体 engine body曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐 crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构 valve timing mechanism供系渐渐 fuel supply system冷却系cooling system渐滑系lubricating system点火系 ignition system起系渐渐 starting system底渐 chassis渐渐系power train离合器 clutch渐速器gear box渐渐渐 propeller shaft渐渐渐 drive axle行系渐渐 running gear渐架frame渐架suspension前渐 front axle渐壳axle housing渐渐 wheel渐向系steering system渐渐向steering wheel渐向器steering gear渐渐渐渐渐向装置steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制系渐渐 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device渐渐装置transfer device制器渐渐 brake渐身body渐前板制件front end panels渐身壳体body shell渐渐 door渐窗window附属装置 auxiliary device渐箱carrying platform渐渐渐渐渐机前置后(FR) front engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机前置前(FF) front engine front drive渐渐渐渐渐机后置后(RR) rear engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机中置后(MR) midship engine rear drive全渐渐渐 (nWD) all wheel drive渐渐力tractive force阻力 resistance渐渐阻力rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章机工作原理渐渐二冲程机渐渐渐 two stroke engine四冲程机渐渐渐 four stroke engine水冷机渐渐渐 water cooled engine渐渐渐渐冷机air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke 汽缸直径 bore工作容渐 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement渐气行程intake stroke渐渐行程compression stroke渐渐比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃,敲缸 detonation, knock排气行程 exhaust stroke示功渐 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston渐杆connecting rod曲渐 crankshaft渐渐 flywheel渐渐气intake valve排气渐 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod渐臂rocker凸渐渐 camshaft正渐渐渐 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油渐 fuel pump汽油清器渐渐渐 gasoline filter化油器 carburetor空气清器渐渐渐 air cleaner渐气管intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火圈渐渐 ignition coil断器渐渐 breaker蓄池渐渐 storage battery渐渐机generator水渐 water pump散器渐渐 radiator渐扇fan放水渐 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油渐 oil pump集器渐渐 suction filter限渐渐 relief valve渐滑油道oil passage机油清器渐渐渐 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起机渐渐 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效矩渐渐 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption渐渐渐渐渐渐机速特性engine speed characteristic渐渐渐渐气度throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic 外特性 outer characteristic 第二章曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner渐渐机支承engine mounting活塞渐 piston top活塞部渐渐 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt渐槽slot活塞渐 piston ring气渐 compression ring油渐 oil ring渐槽groove活塞渐 piston pin主承渐渐 main bearing主承盖渐渐渐 main bearing cap主瓦渐渐 main shell渐渐渐杆承big end bearing渐杆盖big end cap起爪渐渐 cranking claw渐渐 pulley平衡重 counter weight渐渐渐火序firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构渐渐置气(OHV) Over Head Valve渐渐渐置凸(OHC) Over Head Camshaft渐渐渐渐置凸(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft双置凸渐渐渐渐渐 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft多气机渐渐渐渐 multi-valve engine气隙渐渐渐 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气杆渐渐 valve stem气座渐渐 valve seat气管渐渐渐 valve guide气簧渐渐渐 valve spring第四章汽油机供系渐渐可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分渐 distil蒸性渐渐 evaporating property渐渐 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛渐渐 (RON) Research Octane Number渐量空气系数coefficient of excessive air理混合气渐渐渐渐 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture渐混合气thick mixture主供油系渐 main supply system怠速系渐 idle system加系渐渐渐 thickening system加速系渐 accelerating system浮子 float 浮子室 float chamber渐渐 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻渐渐 choke渐芯filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup渐膜pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉渐 a**estos pad渐渐 pre-heating汽油直接射渐渐 gasoline direct injection渐控electronic control多点射渐渐 muti-point injection渐渐渐点射single point injection渐路控制circuit control分器信号渐渐渐渐 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供系渐渐渐渐油transfer pump渐渐油fuel injection pump高油管渐渐渐 high pressure fuel pipe渐火性ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point渐燃期pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period渐燃期slow combustion period燃室渐渐 combustion chamber渐渐渐一燃室united chamber球形燃室渐渐 ball shape chamber渐流室turbulence chamber渐燃室pri-combustion chamber渐油器injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油渐 delivery valve渐速器governor两速速器渐渐渐 two speed governor全速速器渐渐渐 full speed governor 定速速器渐渐渐 fixed speed governor渐渐渐渐合速器combined governor气速器渐渐渐渐 pneumatic governor机械离心式速器渐渐渐 mechanical centrifugal governor渐渐渐渐合式速器complex governor渐渐渐渐渐油提前角装置advancer 渐渐 flyweight渐渐渐 coupling粗清器渐渐渐 primary filter渐渐清器secondary filter渐渐渐渐增器turbocharger中冷却器渐渐渐渐 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系渐温器thermostat防液渐渐 anti-freezing liquid渐渐水桶compensation reservoirV-渐 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循渐 big circulation小循渐 small circulation散翅片渐渐渐 fins第八章滑系渐渐渐滑lubricant渐渐渐力滑pressure lubrication渐渐渐滑splash lubrication渐滑脂grease机油力感器渐渐渐渐渐 oil pressure sensor油封 oil seal旁通渐 bypass valve机油散器渐渐 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲箱通渐渐渐渐 crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次渐渐 primary winding二次渐渐 secondary winding渐渐渐敏阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前 ignition advance 分器渐渐 distributor活触点渐渐渐 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火渐 distributor rotor arm渐容器condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛校正器渐渐渐渐渐 octane number rectifier中心极渐渐 central electrode渐渐极side electrode瓷体渐渐渐 ceramic insulator跳火隙渐渐 spark gap半体点火系渐渐渐渐渐 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍效渐渐渐 Hall effect正极板 anode渐极板cathode隔板 separator渐解液electrolyte蓄池格渐渐渐 battery cell接柱渐渐 terminal渐渐 cable硅整流交流机渐渐渐silicon rectified A.C. motor渐子rotor定子 stator渐刷brush渐渐扇叶fan blade渐渐渐渐器voltage regulator第十章起系渐渐手渐渐渐起cranking渐渐塞electric heater plug串激直流机渐渐渐 serial wound D.C. motor 起圈渐渐渐 starter ring渐渐渐渐磁操机构electro-magnetic control第十一章渐渐渐新型机三角活塞 triangular piston渐渐渐渐子机rotary engine自渐 rotary motion, rotation公渐 orbit motion渐迹trajectory渐渐 gear渐圈ring gear往零渐渐渐件reciprocal parts渐平衡dynamic balance燃气机渐渐渐渐渐 gas turbine第十二章汽系渐渐渐渐机械式系渐渐渐 mechanical transmission液力机械式系渐渐渐 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式系渐渐渐 static-hydraulic transmission渐渐渐渐力式系electrical transmission自渐渐渐渐渐式系automatic transmission减速 reduction可速比渐渐渐 variable ratios有速渐渐渐 definite ratios无速渐渐渐 indefinite ratios无速器渐渐渐渐(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission一般布置 general layout渐渐机横置lateral engine positioning分器渐渐 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离底渐渐 thorough separation渐渐 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦渐渐片friction liner渐 hub主部分渐渐渐 driving part从渐渐渐部分driven part花渐 spline渐渐 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离承渐渐 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离* release fork渐渐渐隙整clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke渐渐渐渐 ,接rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央渐渐渐渐渐簧离合器central spring clutch膜片簧离合器渐渐渐渐渐diaphragm spring clutch非性渐渐 non-linear第十四章速器渐渐渐与分器渐渐渐渐渐渐渐入，第一,input shaft, drive shaft渐渐渐渐渐渐渐出，第二,output shaft, main shaft中渐渐 counter shaft倒渐渐 reverse gear shaft常渐渐合constant mesh低速渐 low gear高速渐 high gear最高速渐 top gear空渐 neutral gear一渐 the first gear二渐 the second gear三渐 the third gear倒渐 reverse gear直接渐 direct gear超速渐 overdrive渐渐渐力出power take-off渐渐 shift渐合套sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同面步渐 synchro cone渐速杆shifting lever手柄 handle球渐渐 ball joint渐渐渐* shifting fork自渐 self-lock互渐 inter-lock渐渐渐渐速transaxle加力渐 low gear第十五章液力机械渐渐液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling渐渐 impeller渐渐 turbine叶片 blade液力矩器渐渐渐 torque converter渐渐 stator行星渐渐渐系planetary gear system太阳渐 sun gear行星渐 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier渐圈ring gear第十六章渐渐渐万向渐 universal joint, U-joint十字渐渐渐渐渐式万向Cardan type U-joint*子 yoke, fork十字渐 spider, center cross渐渐渐承needle bearing滑脂嘴，油嘴,lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双式渐渐渐渐渐万向dual Cardan type U-joint球*式万向渐 Weiss type U-joint球式渐渐渐渐渐万向Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架,球渐 retainer, ball cage渐渐性万向flexible U-joint无管渐渐渐 seamless steel tube第十七章渐渐渐主减速器 final drive主渐渐渐渐渐渐，小,drive pinion从，渐渐渐渐渐渐大,ring gear渐渐渐 bevel gear双曲面渐渐 hypoid gear渐渐减速single reduction双减速渐渐渐 double reduction渐通式主减速器penetrable final drive 双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive渐渐减速器wheel reduction差速器 differential半渐渐渐 differential side gear差速渐 differential lock渐渐差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器 torque sensitive differential半渐 axle shaft全浮式半渐 float type axle shaft半浮式半渐 semi-float type axle shaft渐壳axle housing渐壳后盖final drive rear cover第十八章行系渐渐行系渐渐 running gear渐架frame渐渐渐渐 ,axle渐架suspension半履渐渐渐渐式汽semi-caterpillar vehicle第十九章架渐渐渐渐梁式架ladder type frame渐梁side rail横梁 cross member保杠渐渐 bumper托架 bracket支承 support拖渐 tow hook中梁式架渐渐 backbone type frame桁架式架渐渐 lattice type frame第二十章渐渐渐渐和渐渐向steering axle渐梁axle beam工字形断面 I-section渐渐向knuckle主渐 king pin渐渐 wheel hub渐渐渐渐向定位steering wheel alignment主后渐渐渐 caster主内渐渐渐 king pin inclination前外渐渐渐 camber前前渐渐渐束toe-in渐渐渐渐向steering and driving axle支持渐 support axle渐渐 rim渐渐 spoke渐渐渐渐装罩hub cap渐胎tyre, tire胎冠 crown, tread花渐 pattern胎渐 side wall帘布渐 cord, ply尼渐渐渐渐 ,nylon渐渐束belted layer内胎 tube渐渐 protector胎圈 bead气渐渐嘴bleed valve气芯渐渐 valve core子午胎渐渐渐 radial tire无内胎胎渐渐 tubeless tire刺穿 puncture渐胎spare tire第二十一章架渐渐性元件spring, elastic element减振器 sock absorber渐向机构control device横向定器渐渐渐渐渐渐，杆,stabilizer, anti-roll bar渐渐渐架度suspension stiffness簧量渐渐渐 sprung mass非簧量渐渐渐 unsprung mass静渐渐度static deformation独立渐渐架independent suspension渐渐渐渐渐渐渐上跳，减振器行程,jounce渐渐渐渐渐渐回跳，减振器伸行程,rebound双向作用减振器 double action shock absorber渐向作用减振器single action shock absorber筒式减振器 telescopic shock absorber吊渐 link ring 工作缸 working cylinder渐油缸reservoir流通渐渐渐渐渐渐，液,intake valve伸渐渐 rebound valve渐渐渐 compression valve渐渐渐 compensation valve充气减振器 gas filled shock absorber渐渐渐渐渐力可减振器pressure adjustable shock absorber渐渐渐板簧leaf spring中心螺栓 central bolt渐渐簧clip螺旋簧渐渐 coil spring扭杆簧渐渐 torsional bar囊式空气簧渐渐 bellow type air spring膜式空气簧渐渐 diaphragm type air spring橡胶渐渐簧rubber spring卷耳 spring eye吊耳 shackleU形螺栓 U-bolt渐簧盖板spring plate副簧 auxiliary spring主簧 main spring横臂式架渐渐 transversal type suspension双横臂式架渐渐 double wishbone suspension渐渐渐向steering axis渐渐臂式trailing arm type滑柱式 strut type麦弗渐渐式McPhaeson type平衡架渐渐 tandem axle suspension第二十二章向系渐机械，手,渐渐渐渐渐向系manual steering system渐渐向steering wheel 渐渐向steering shaft渐向柱steering column渐渐渐渐向steering drive shaft渐向器steering gear直拉杆 drag link渐渐向knuckle渐渐渐向臂knuckle arm梯形臂 steering arm横拉杆 tie rod渐渐渐渐渐渐渐向偏角系steering geometry渐弯半径turning radius循球式向器渐渐渐渐渐渐 recirculating ball steering gear渐向螺杆steering screw渐向螺母steering nut渐扇sector渐渐渐渐渐渐条式向器rack and pinion steering gear渐渐渐渐渐渐杆曲柄指式向器worm and crankpin steering gear渐渐渐力向power steering渐向油罐steering reservoir渐渐向油steering oil pump第二十三章制系渐渐鼓式制器渐渐 drum brake制渐渐蹄brake shoe渐缸wheel cylinder制底板渐渐渐 brake base plate渐渐整凸adjustable cam制渐渐渐渐渐渐蹄回位簧retainer spring渐蹄leading shoe从蹄 trailing shoe渐渐渐式制器disc brake制渐渐 brake calipers制渐渐 brake disc液制系渐渐渐渐 fluid braking system制液渐渐 brake fluid制主缸渐渐渐 master cylinder气制系渐渐渐渐 pneumatic braking system空气机渐渐渐 air compressor 制气室渐渐渐 brake chamber渐气筒reservoir制渐渐 brake valve气渐渐渐渐 air pressure governor伺服制系渐渐 servo braking system真空助力器 vacuum booster防抱死制系渐渐 (ABS) Anti-lock Braking System渐渐渐助制器auxiliary brake渐速器retarder排气制渐 exhaust braking第二十四章身渐渐身壳体body shell非承式身渐渐渐渐 separate frame construction承式身渐渐渐渐 unitary construction, integral body渐渐渐机engine compartment客,渐渐渐渐渐乘客室passenger compartment行李箱 trunk渐渐机罩hood, bonnet前翼板 front fender, front wing前渐渐渐泥板front fender apron前板渐渐 dash board, fire wall前窗渐渐 windscreen, windshield前渐 cowl, shroud渐盖roof地板 floor panel行李箱盖 trunk lid, deck lid后板渐渐 rear end panel前柱front pillar, “A” pillar中柱center pillar, “B” pillar后柱rear p illar, “C” pillar上渐渐梁roof rail渐渐 rocker panel渐表板instrument panel遮阳板 sun visor刮水器 wiper后渐渐 rear view mirror渐渐 door lock玻璃升降器 window regulator密封条 weather strip暖气装置 heater空装置渐渐渐 air conditioner座椅 seat渐枕head restraint安全渐 safety seat belt渐化玻璃toughened glass 渐渐玻璃laminated glass渐箱carrying platform渐板side board 后板 tail board前板 head board地板,底板 floor board栓杆 tightening latch第二十五章附属渐渐渐速表speedometer里程表 mileage recorder机油力渐渐渐表oil pressure gauge燃油表 fuel gauge水温表 water temperature gauge渐流表ammeter前大灯 head lamp渐向指示灯turning indicator制信号渐渐渐渐灯braking signal light 渐警信号装置warning signal附表渐渐一般工程渐度length渐度width高度 height深度 depth距离 distance渐隙clearance位移 displacement面渐 area体渐 volume重量 weight渐量mass比重 specific gravity密度 density渐渐 time周期 period加速度 velocity, speed重力加速度 acceleration of gravity力 force合力 resultant分力 component力矩 moment渐矩torque, twisting moment弯矩 bending moment渐强pressure大气渐 atmospheric pressure声渐渐 (SPL) Sound Pressure Level渐力stress渐渐 strain渐形deformation拉伸 stretching渐渐 compressing弯曲 bending扭渐 twisting强度 strength渐度stiffness硬度 hardness黏度 viscosity运渐渐渐黏度kinematic viscosity能量 energy渐能kinetic energy位能 potential energy功 work功率 power温度 temperature渐 heat渐容量thermal capacity比渐 specific heat渐功当量Joule’s equiva lent渐渐系数coefficient of heat transfer 加渐 heating冷却 cooling膨渐 expansion固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas蒸渐 evaporation溶解 dissolve融化 melt凝渐 condensation凝固 solidification渐路electric circuit串渐 serial connection并渐parallel connection渐荷electric charge渐渐 voltage渐位potential渐流current直流 (D.C.) Direct Current交流 (A.C.) Alternative Current渐阻resistance渐容量capacity渐容器condenser渐感inductance渐极electrode正极 anode渐极cathode渐离ionization渐解electrolysis渐渐 electroplating渐泳electrophoresis磁渐强度magnetic field intensity磁通量 magnetic flux光通量 luminous flux光照度 photometric quantity渐光强度luminous intensity工程渐 technical drawing渐板drawing board渐渐 drawing paper描渐渐tracing paper投影 projection前渐渐 front end view渐渐渐 side view左渐渐 left end view右渐渐 right end view俯渐渐 plan view剖面 section剖渐 section view渐渐 full line虚渐 broken line, dotted line点划渐 chain line尺寸渐 dimension line方形 square渐方形rectangle三角形 triangle渐形circle内接渐 inscribed circle外切渐 circumscribed circle直尺 ruler三棱尺 triangular scale三角板 set square丁字尺 tee square, T square渐渐 compasses分渐 divider曲板渐渐 curve渐嘴笔drawing pen渐子hammer斧子 ax, axe螺渐渐刀screw driver扳手 wrench, spanner活渐渐渐扳手adjustable wrench扳手套筒 socket渐子pliers火子渐渐 tongs虎渐 vice刀子 knife刮刀 scraper剪子 scissors渐子tweezers渐子clip渐渐器clamp渐刀file渐渐渐子,子chisel冲子 punch渐子awl渐子saw刨子 plane渐 drill砧渐 anvil直角尺 square内卡渐 inside calipers外卡渐 outside calipers游卡渐渐渐尺vernier calipers千分卡尺 micrometer guage高度尺 height gauge千分表 dial indicator水平，泡,尺 water level画渐渐 marking gauge螺渐 threads螺栓 bolt双螺柱渐渐渐 stud螺渐 screw十字槽螺渐 cross recessed screw螺母 nut渐槽螺母castle nut蝶形螺母 fly nut, wing nut渐圈washer渐渐渐簧圈lock washer渐渐口split pin, cotter pin渐 key花渐 spline直渐渐渐 spur gear斜渐渐渐 helical gear渐渐渐 bevel gear球承渐渐 ball bearing渐渐渐子承roller bearing渐渐渐承needle roller bearing渐承外圈outer race渐承内圈inner race隔离罩,保持架 cage, retainer渐渐渐造,件casting渐渐渐造,件forging渐渐渐渐制,制件rolling冲,冲件渐渐渐渐渐 stamping渐渐渐接,welding渐渐弧arc welding气渐 oxyacetylene welding点渐 spot welding渐渐渐接,rivet机械加工 machine work切削 cutting渐削turning刨削 planing渐削milling渐削drilling渐孔fraising磨削 grinding渐削boring拉削 broaching抛光 polishing渐渐理heat treatment淬火 hardening, quenching退火 annealing回火 tempering正火 normalizing渐床lathe渐渐刨床planer牛刨床渐渐渐 shaper插床 vertical shaper渐床milling machine渐床drilling machine磨床 grinder, grinding machine外渐渐渐磨床external grinder内渐渐渐磨床internal grinder平面磨床surface grinder渐床boring machine拉床 broacher床渐渐箱head stock (gear box)卡渐渐渐渐 ,chuck尾座 tail stock走刀箱 tool carrier模具 die, mold气渐 pneumatic hammer渐床press刀具 cutter渐刀,刨刀bite渐渐渐刀,刀fraise渐渐 bite磨渐渐渐渐 ,砂grinding wheel渐具fixture, jig汽渐 automobile拖拉机 tractor渐渐路机locomotive有渐渐渐 tram无渐渐渐 trolley渐渐渐用military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民渐渐 national economy国内生渐渐渐 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革放渐渐 reform and opening技引渐渐渐technical import国化渐渐 localization支柱渐渐 pillar estate渐渐 car客渐 bus, coach渐渐 truck, lorry公路用渐 road vehicle非公路用渐 off-road vehicle渐渐机engine机体 engine body曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐 crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构 valve timing mechanism供系渐渐 fuel supply system冷却系 cooling system渐滑系lubricating system点火系 ignition system起系渐渐 starting system底渐 chassis 渐渐系power train离合器 clutch渐速器gear box渐渐渐 propeller shaft渐渐渐 drive axle行系渐渐 running gear渐架frame渐架suspension前渐 front axle渐壳axle housing渐渐 wheel渐向系steering system渐渐向steering wheel渐向器steering gear渐渐渐渐渐向装置steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制系渐渐 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device渐渐装置transfer device制器渐渐 brake渐身body渐前板制件front end panels渐身壳体body shell渐渐 door渐窗window附属装置 auxiliary device渐箱carrying platform渐渐渐渐渐机前置后(FR) front engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机前置前(FF) front engine front drive渐渐渐渐渐机后置后(RR) rear engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机中置后(MR) midship engine rear drive全渐渐渐 (nWD) all wheel drive渐渐力tractive force阻力 resistance渐渐阻力rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章机工作原理渐渐二冲程机渐渐渐 two stroke engine四冲程机渐渐渐 four stroke engine水冷机渐渐渐 water cooled engine渐渐渐渐冷机air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke 汽缸直径 bore工作容渐 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement渐气行程intake stroke渐渐行程compression stroke渐渐比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃,敲缸 detonation, knock排气行程 exhaust stroke示功渐 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston渐杆connecting rod曲渐 crankshaft渐渐 flywheel渐渐气intake valve排气渐 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod渐臂rocker凸渐渐 camshaft正渐渐渐 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油渐 fuel pump汽油清器渐渐渐 gasoline filter化油器 carburetor空气清器渐渐渐 air cleaner渐气管intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火圈渐渐 ignition coil断器渐渐 breaker蓄池渐渐 storage battery渐渐机generator水渐 water pump散器渐渐 radiator渐扇fan放水渐 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油渐 oil pump集器渐渐 suction filter限渐渐 relief valve渐滑油道oil passage机油清器渐渐渐 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起机渐渐 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效矩渐渐 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption渐渐渐渐渐渐机速特性engine speed characteristic渐渐渐渐气度throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic外特性 outer characteristic第二章曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner渐渐机支承engine mounting活塞渐 piston top活塞部渐渐 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt渐槽slot活塞渐 piston ring气渐 compression ring油渐 oil ring渐槽groove活塞渐 piston pin主承渐渐 main bearing主承盖渐渐渐 main bearing cap主瓦渐渐 main shell渐渐渐杆承big end bearing渐杆盖big end cap起爪渐渐 cranking claw渐渐 pulley平衡重 counter weight渐渐渐火序firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构渐渐置气(OHV) Over Head Valve渐渐渐置凸(OHC) Over Head Camshaft渐渐渐渐置凸(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft双置凸渐渐渐渐渐 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft多气机渐渐渐渐 multi-valve engine气隙渐渐渐 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气杆渐渐 valve stem气座渐渐 valve seat气管渐渐渐 valve guide气簧渐渐渐 valve spring第四章汽油机供系渐渐可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分渐 distil蒸性渐渐 evaporating property渐渐 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛渐渐 (RON) Research Octane Number渐量空气系数coefficient of excessive air理混合气渐渐渐渐 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture渐混合气thick mixture主供油系渐 main supply system怠速系渐 idle system加系渐渐渐 thickening system加速系渐 accelerating system浮子 float 浮子室 float chamber渐渐 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻渐渐 choke渐芯filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup渐膜pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉渐 a**estos pad渐渐 pre-heating汽油直接射渐渐 gasoline direct injection渐控electronic control多点射渐渐 muti-point injection渐渐渐点射single point injection渐路控制circuit control分器信号渐渐渐渐 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供系渐渐渐渐油transfer pump渐渐油fuel injection pump高油管渐渐渐 high pressure fuel pipe渐火性ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point渐燃期pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period渐燃期slow combustion period燃室渐渐 combustion chamber渐渐渐一燃室united chamber球形燃室渐渐 ball shape chamber渐流室turbulence chamber渐燃室pri-combustion chamber渐油器injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油渐 delivery valve渐速器governor两速速器渐渐渐 two speed governor全速速器渐渐渐 full speed governor 定速速器渐渐渐 fixed speed governor渐渐渐渐合速器combined governor气速器渐渐渐渐 pneumatic governor机械离心式速器渐渐渐 mechanical centrifugal governor渐渐渐渐合式速器complex governor渐渐渐渐渐油提前角装置advancer 渐渐 flyweight渐渐渐 coupling粗清器渐渐渐 primary filter渐渐清器secondary filter渐渐渐渐增器turbocharger中冷却器渐渐渐渐 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系渐温器thermostat防液渐渐 anti-freezing liquid渐渐水桶compensation reservoirV-渐 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循渐 big circulation小循渐 small circulation散翅片渐渐渐 fins第八章滑系渐渐渐滑lubricant渐渐渐力滑pressure lubrication渐渐渐滑splash lubrication渐滑脂grease机油力感器渐渐渐渐渐 oil pressure sensor油封 oil seal旁通渐 bypass valve机油散器渐渐 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲箱通渐渐渐渐 crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次渐渐 primary winding二次渐渐 secondary winding渐渐渐敏阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前 ignition advance分器渐渐 distributor活触点渐渐渐 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火渐 distributor rotor arm渐容器condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛校正器渐渐渐渐渐 octane number rectifier中心极渐渐 central electrode渐渐极side electrode瓷体渐渐渐 ceramic insulator跳火隙渐渐 spark gap半体点火系渐渐渐渐渐 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍效渐渐渐 Hall effect正极板 anode渐极板cathode隔板 separator渐解液electrolyte蓄池格渐渐渐 battery cell接柱渐渐 terminal渐渐 cable硅整流交流机渐渐渐silicon rectified A.C. motor渐子rotor定子 stator渐刷brush渐渐扇叶fan blade渐渐渐渐器voltage regulator第十章起系渐渐手渐渐渐起cranking渐渐塞electric heater plug串激直流机渐渐渐 serial wound D.C. motor起圈渐渐渐 starter ring 渐渐渐渐磁操机构electro-magnetic control第十一章渐渐渐新型机三角活塞 triangular piston渐渐渐渐子机rotary engine自渐 rotary motion, rotation公渐 orbit motion渐迹trajectory渐渐 gear渐圈ring gear往零渐渐渐件reciprocal parts渐平衡dynamic balance燃气机渐渐渐渐渐 gas turbine第十二章汽系渐渐渐渐机械式系渐渐渐 mechanical transmission液力机械式系渐渐渐 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式系渐渐渐 static-hydraulic transmission渐渐渐渐力式系electrical transmission自渐渐渐渐渐式系automatic transmission减速 reduction可速比渐渐渐 variable ratios有速渐渐渐 definite ratios无速渐渐渐 indefinite ratios无速器渐渐渐渐(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission一般布置 general layout渐渐机横置lateral engine positioning分器渐渐 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离底渐渐 thorough separation渐渐 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦渐渐片friction liner渐 hub主部分渐渐渐 driving part从渐渐渐部分driven part花渐 spline渐渐 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离承渐渐 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离叉 release fork渐渐渐隙整clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke渐渐渐渐 ,接rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央渐渐渐渐渐簧离合器central spring clutch膜片簧离合器渐渐渐渐渐diaphragm spring clutch非性渐渐 non-linear第十四章速器渐渐渐与分器渐渐渐渐渐渐渐入，第一,input shaft, drive shaft渐渐渐渐渐渐渐出，第二,output shaft, main shaft中渐渐 counter shaft倒渐渐 reverse gear shaft常渐渐合constant mesh低速渐 low gear高速渐 high gear最高速渐 top gear空渐 neutral gear一渐 the first gear二渐 the second gear三渐 the third gear倒渐 reverse gear直接渐 direct gear超速渐 overdrive渐渐渐力出power take-off渐渐 shift渐合套sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同面步渐 synchro cone渐速杆shifting lever手柄 handle球渐渐 ball joint渐渐渐叉shifting fork自渐 self-lock互渐 inter-lock渐渐渐渐速transaxle加力渐 low gear第十五章液力机械渐渐液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling渐渐 impeller渐渐 turbine叶片 blade液力矩器渐渐渐 torque converter渐渐 stator行星渐渐渐系planetary gear system太阳渐 sun gear行星渐 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier渐圈ring gear第十六章渐渐渐万向渐 universal joint, U-joint十字渐渐渐渐渐式万向Cardan type U-joint叉子 yoke, fork十字渐 spider, center cross渐渐渐承needle bearing滑脂嘴，油嘴,lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双式渐渐渐渐渐万向dual Cardan type U-joint球叉式万向渐 Weiss type U-joint球式渐渐渐渐渐万向Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架,球渐 retainer, ball cage渐渐性万向flexible U-joint无管渐渐渐 seamless steel tube第十七章渐渐渐主减速器 final drive主渐渐渐渐渐渐，小,drive pinion从，渐渐渐渐渐渐大,ring gear渐渐渐 bevel gear双曲面渐渐 hypoid gear渐渐减速single reduction双减速渐渐渐 double reduction渐通式主减速器penetrable final drive 双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive渐渐减速器wheel reduction差速器 differential半渐渐渐 differential side gear差速渐 differential lock渐渐差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器 torque sensitive differential。
齿轮术语中英文对照表
中间齿轮in termediate gear(co un ter gear) 副轴齿轮counter shaft gear副车由counter shaft变速器输入车由tran smissi on imput shaft变速器输出轴tran smissio n output shaft变速器主动齿轮车由tran smissi on drive gear shaft变速器主车由transmission main shaft变速器中间车由tran smissi on coun tershaft 变速器轴的刚度rigidity of shaft变速齿轮比(变速比)transmission gear ratio 传动比gear ratio主压力line pressure调制压力modulated pressure真空调制压力vacuum modulator pressure 速控压力governor pressure缓冲压力compensator or trimmer pressure限档压力hold presure前油泵front pump (input pump )液力传动装置充油压力hydrody namic unit cha nge pressure后油泵gear pump (output pump )回油泵scavenge oil pump阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm 安全系数safety factor; factor of safety 安全载荷safe load 变形deformation摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile 背锥角back an gle 背锥距back cone distanee 比例尺scale 变速speed change 变速齿轮cha nge gear ; cha nge wheel 变位齿轮modified gear 变位系数modificati on coefficie nt 标准齿轮sta ndard gear 标准直齿轮sta ndard spur gear 表面粗糙度surface rough ness 不完全齿轮机构in termitte nt geari ng补偿compensation 参数化设计parameterizati on desig n, PD 残余应力residual stress 操纵及控制装置operatio n con trol device槽数Geneva numerate 侧隙backlash 差动轮系differe ntial gear train 差动螺旋机构differential screw mecha nism 差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mecha nism in com mon use 承载量系数beari ng capacity factor 承载能力beari ng capacity 成对安装paired mounting 尺寸系歹U dime nsion series 齿槽tooth space 齿槽宽spacewidth 齿侧间隙backlash 齿顶高addendum 齿顶圆addendum circle 齿根高dedendum 齿根圆dedendum circle 齿厚tooth thickness 齿距circular pitch 齿宽face width 齿廓tooth profile 齿廓曲线tooth curve 齿轮gear 齿轮变速箱speed-cha nging gear boxes 齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shapedshaper cutter齿轮滚刀hob ,hobb ing cutter 齿轮机构gear 齿轮轮坯blank 齿轮传动系pi nio n un it 齿轮联轴器gear coupli ng 齿条传动rack gear 齿数tooth number 齿数比gear ratio 齿条rack 齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter 齿形链、无声链sile nt chain 齿形系数form factor 齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mecha nism 插齿机gear shaper 重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio 传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio 传动装置gearing; transmission gear 传动系统driven system 传动角transmission angle 传动车由transmission shaft 仓U新设计creation design 垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load从动带轮driven pulley 从动件driven link, follower 从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell 从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear 粗线bold line 粗牙螺纹coarse thread 大齿轮gear wheel 打滑slipping 带传动belt driving 单列轴承single row bearing 单位矢量un it vector 当量齿轮equivale nt spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivale nt teeth nu mber; virtual nu mber of teeth当量摩擦系数equivale nt coefficie nt of frictio n当量载荷equivale nt load刀具cutter 导数derivative 倒角chamfer 导程lead 导程角lead an gle 等效质量equivale nt mass（疲劳）点蚀pitt ing 垫圈gasket 垫片密圭寸gasket seal 顶隙bottom clearanee 定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear trainwith fixed axes 动力学dynamics 动密圭寸kinematical seal 动能dynamic energy 动力粘度dyn amic viscosity 动力润滑dyn amic lubricatio n 动载荷dynamic load 端面transverse plane 端面参数tran sverse parameters 端面齿距tran sverse circular pitch 端面齿廓tran sverse tooth profile 端面重合度tran sverse contact ratio 端面模数tran sverse module 端面压力角tran sverse pressure an gle 锻造forge 惰轮idle gear 额定寿命rati ng life 额定载荷load rating 发生线gen erat ing line 发生面generating plane 法面normal plane 法面参数no rmal parameters 法面齿距no rmal circular pitch 法面模数normal module 法面压力角no rmal pressure an gle法向齿距no rmal pitch 法向齿廓no rmal tooth profile 法向直廓蜗杆straight sided no rmal worm法向力no rmal force 反正切Arctan 范成法gen erat ing cutt ing 仿形法form cutting非标准齿轮non sta ndard gear非接触式密圭寸non-con tact seal 非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuati on非圆齿轮non-circular gear 粉末合金powder metallurgy 分度线reference line; standard pitch line 分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle分度圆柱导程角lead angle at referencecyli nder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at refereneecyli nder 分母denominator 分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone 圭寸闭差动轮系p la netary differe ntial复合应力comb ined stress 复式螺旋机构Compound screw mecha nism 干涉interferenee刚度系数stiffness coefficient 钢丝软轴wire soft shaft 根切undercutting 公称直径nominal diameter 高度系歹U height series 功work 工况系数application factor 工艺设计tech no logical desig n 工作循环图working cycle diagram 工作机构operation mechanism 工作载荷external loads 工作空间working space 工作应力worki ng stress 工作阻力effective resista nee 工作阻力矩effective resista nee mome nt 公法线com mon no rmal li ne 公制齿轮metric gears 功率power 功能分析设计function an alyses desig n共轭齿廓conjugate profiles 共轭凸轮conjugate cam惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shakingmome nt惯性力平衡bala nee of shaki ng force冠轮crown gear轨迹生成path gen erati on轨迹发生器path gen erator 滚刀hob 过度切割un dercutt ing 耗油量oil consumption 耗油量系数oil con sumpti on factor 横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮in tercha ngeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动率sliding ratio环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber 机械machinery机械平衡bala nee of mach inery机械设计machine design; mechanical desig n 机械特性mecha nical behavior机械调速mecha nical speed gover nors机械效率mecha nical efficie ncy机械原理theory of machines and mecha ni sms机械无级变速mecha ni cal stepless speed changes基础机构fun dame ntal mecha nism 基本额定寿命basic rati ng life 基于实例设计case-based desig n,CBD 基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure an gle of base circle 基圆柱base cylinder 基圆锥base cone极限位置extreme (or limit ing) positi on极位夹角crank angle between extreme(or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manu facturi ng, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer in tegratedmanu facturi ng system, CIMS计算力矩factored moment; calculation mome nt计算弯矩calculated bending moment 间隙backlash减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer 渐开螺旋面in volute helicoid 渐开线in volute 渐开线齿廓in volute profile 渐开线齿轮in volute gear 渐开线发生线gen erat ing line of in volute渐开线方程in volute equati on渐开线函数in volute fu nctio n渐开线蜗杆in volute worm渐开线压力角pressure an gle of in volute渐开线花键in volute spli ne键key 键槽keyway 交变应力repeated stress 交变载荷repeated fluctuating load 交叉带传动cross-belt drive 交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears 胶合scoring角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio 结构structure 结构设计structural design 截面section 节点pitch point 节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth 节线pitch line 节圆pitch circle 节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle 节圆直径pitch diameter 节圆锥pitch cone 节圆锥角pitch cone an gle 解析设计analytical design 紧边tight-side 紧固件fastener 径节diametral pitch 径向radial directi on 径向当量动载荷dyn amic equivale nt radialload径向当量静载荷static equivale nt radial load 径向基本额定动载荷b asic dyn amic radial load rati ng 径向基本额定静载荷basic static radialload tati ng 径向接触轴承radial co ntact beari ng 径向平面radial pla ne 径向游隙radial internal cleara nee 径向载荷radial load 径向载荷系数radial load factor 径向间隙cleara nee 静力static force 静平衡static balanee 静载荷static load 绝对运动absolute moti on 绝对速度absolute velocity 可靠性reliability 可靠性设计reliability design, RD 理论廓线pitch curve 理论啮合线theoretical line of actio n 力矩moment 力平衡equilibrium 力偶couple 力偶矩moment of couple 轮坯blank 螺旋副helical pair 螺旋机构screw mecha nism 螺旋角helix an gle 螺旋线helix ,helical line 模块化设计modular desig n, MD 模数module 磨损abrasion ;wear; scratching 耐磨性wear resista nee 内齿轮internal gear 内齿圈ring gear 内力internal force 内圈innerring 啮合engagement, mesh, gearing 啮合点contact points 啮合角working pressure angle 啮合线line of action 啮合线长度len gth of line of actio n盘形转子disk-like rotor 抛物线运动parabolic motion 疲劳极限fatigue limit 疲劳强度fatigue strength 偏置式offset偏（心）距offset distanee 偏心率eeeentricity ratio 偏心质量eccentric mass 偏距圆offset circle 偏心盘eccentric 切齿深度depth of cut 曲齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gear 曲率curvature 曲率半径radius of curvature 曲面从动件curved-shoe follower 曲线运动curvili near motio n 全齿高whole depth 权重集weight sets 球面副spheric pair 球面渐开线spherical in volute 球面运动spherical motion 人字齿轮herri ngbone gear 润滑装置lubrication device 扌润滑lubrication 三角形花键serrati on spli ne 三角形螺纹V thread screw 少齿差行星传动pla netary drive with smallteeth differe nee 升程rise 升距lift实际廓线cam profile 输出轴output shaft 实际啮合线actual line of action 双曲面齿轮hyperboloid gear 顺时针clockwise 瞬心instantaneous center 死点dead point 太阳轮sun gear 特性characteristics 图册、图谱atlas 图解法graphical method 退火anneal 陀螺仪gyroscope 夕卜力external force夕卜形尺寸boundary dime nsion 网上设计on-n et desig n, OND 微动螺旋机构differential screw mecha nism 位移displacement 蜗杆worm 蜗杆传动机构worm geari ng蜗杆头数nu mber of threads 蜗杆直径系数diametral quotie nt蜗杆蜗轮机构worm and worm gear蜗杆形凸轮步进机构worm cam interval mecha nism 蜗杆旋向hands of worm 蜗轮worm gear 无级变速装置stepless speed changes devices相对速度relative velocity 相对运动relative moti on 相对间隙relative gap 象限quadra nt 橡皮泥plasticine 小齿轮pinion 小径minor diameter 谐波齿轮harm onic gear 谐波传动harm onic drivi ng 斜齿轮的当量直齿轮equivale nt spur gear of the helical gear 心轴spindle 行程速度变化系数coefficient of travel speed variati on 行程速比系数adva nce-to return-time ratio行星齿轮装置pla netary tran smissi on行星轮planet gear行星轮变速装置planetary speed cha nging devices行星轮系pla netary gear train 旋转运动rotary moti on 压力角pressure an gle 应力图stress diagram 应力一应变图stress-strain diagram 优化设计optimal desig n 油杯oil bottle 有效圆周力effective circle force 圆带传动round belt drive圆弧齿厚circular thickness 圆弧圆柱蜗杆hollow flank worm 圆角半径fillet radius 圆盘摩擦离合器disc frictio n clutch圆盘制动器disc brake 原动机prime mover 原始机构origi nal mecha nism 圆形齿轮circular gear 圆柱滚子cyli ndrical roller 圆柱滚子轴承cyli ndrical roller beari ng 圆柱畐U cylindric pair 圆柱蜗杆cyli ndrical worm 圆锥滚子tapered roller 圆锥滚子轴承tapered roller beari ng 圆锥齿轮机构bevel gears圆锥角cone angle 运动副kinematic pair 运动粘度kenematic viscosity 载荷load 展成法gen erat ing 直齿圆柱齿轮spur gear 直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear 直径系数diametral quotient 直径系列diameter series 直廓环面蜗杆hi ndley worm 质量mass 中心距center distanee 中心距变动cen ter dista nee cha nge中径mean diameter终止啮合点final con tact, end of contact 周节pitch 轴shaft车由承盖bearing cup 车由承合金bearing alloy 车由承座bearing block 轴承外径bearing outside diameter 轴颈journal 轴瓦、轴承衬beari ng bush 车由端挡圈shaft end ring 轴环shaft collar 轴肩shaft shoulder 轴角shaft angle 车由向axial direct ion 轴向齿廓axial tooth profile转动副revolute (turning) pair转速swiveling speed ; rotating speed 转车由revolving shaft 转子rotor装配条件assembly con diti on 锥齿轮bevel gear 锥顶com mon apex of cone 锥距cone distanee 锥轮bevel pulley; bevel wheel 锥齿轮的当量直齿轮equivale nt spur gearof the bevel gear 锥面包络圆柱蜗杆milled helicoids worm准双曲面齿轮hypoid gear 自由度degree of freedom, mobility 总重合度total con tact ratio 总反力resultant force总效率combined efficiency; overall efficie ncy组成原理theory of con stituti on 组合齿形composite tooth form 组合安装stack mounting 最少齿数mi nimum teeth nu mber 最小向径mi nimum radius 作用力applied force 坐标系coord in ate frame电磁阀调压阀sole noid regulator valve液力变矩器旁通阀converter bypass valve速控阀governor valve选档阀selectro valve换档阀shift valve信号阀signal valve继动阀relay valve换档指令发生器shift pattern gen erator档位指示器shift indicator(shift torwer)先导阀priority valve流量阀flow valve重迭阀overlap valve液力减速器控制阀retarder con trol valve。
花键中英文参数
花键中英文参数渐渐渐渐花involute spline未注公差 undeclared tolerance未注倒角undeclared chamfer渐渐 thermal refining端口 port chamfer模数 modulus渐形角tooth profile angle渐位系数stand-off error渐渐圈径向跳geared ring radial runout公法度及偏差渐渐渐渐渐渐 common normal跨数渐渐 spanned tooth count 高淬火渐渐渐 high-frequency quenching配渐渐渐 mating gear螺旋角 spiral angle渐力角pressure angle螺旋升角 lead angle渐号figure number渐厚tooth thickness螺旋渐 helix渐杆worm渐渐 gear渐渐 gear shaft渐渐子rotor shaft精度等渐precision class汽构造渐渐渐渐渐汽渐 automobile拖拉机 tractor渐渐路机locomotive有渐渐渐 tram无渐渐渐 trolley渐渐渐用military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民渐渐 national economy国内生渐渐渐 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革放渐渐 reform and opening技引渐渐渐technical import国化渐渐 localization支柱渐渐 pillar estate渐渐 car客渐 bus, coach渐渐 truck, lorry公路用渐 road vehicle非公路用渐 off-road vehicle渐渐机engine机体 engine body曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐 crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构 valve timing mechanism供系渐渐 fuel supply system冷却系cooling system渐滑系lubricating system点火系 ignition system起系渐渐 starting system底渐 chassis渐渐系power train离合器 clutch渐速器gear box渐渐渐 propeller shaft渐渐渐 drive axle行系渐渐 running gear渐架frame渐架suspension前渐 front axle渐壳axle housing渐渐 wheel渐向系steering system渐渐向steering wheel渐向器steering gear渐渐渐渐渐向装置steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制系渐渐 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device渐渐装置transfer device制器渐渐 brake渐身body渐前板制件front end panels渐身壳体body shell渐渐 door渐窗window附属装置 auxiliary device渐箱carrying platform渐渐渐渐渐机前置后(FR) front engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机前置前(FF) front engine front drive渐渐渐渐渐机后置后(RR) rear engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机中置后(MR) midship engine rear drive全渐渐渐 (nWD) all wheel drive渐渐力tractive force阻力 resistance渐渐阻力rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章机工作原理渐渐二冲程机渐渐渐 two stroke engine四冲程机渐渐渐 four stroke engine水冷机渐渐渐 water cooled engine渐渐渐渐冷机air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke 汽缸直径 bore工作容渐 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement渐气行程intake stroke渐渐行程compression stroke渐渐比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃,敲缸 detonation, knock排气行程 exhaust stroke示功渐 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston渐杆connecting rod曲渐 crankshaft渐渐 flywheel渐渐气intake valve排气渐 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod渐臂rocker凸渐渐 camshaft正渐渐渐 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油渐 fuel pump汽油清器渐渐渐 gasoline filter化油器 carburetor空气清器渐渐渐 air cleaner渐气管intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火圈渐渐 ignition coil断器渐渐 breaker蓄池渐渐 storage battery渐渐机generator水渐 water pump散器渐渐 radiator渐扇fan放水渐 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油渐 oil pump集器渐渐 suction filter限渐渐 relief valve渐滑油道oil passage机油清器渐渐渐 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起机渐渐 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效矩渐渐 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption渐渐渐渐渐渐机速特性engine speed characteristic渐渐渐渐气度throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic 外特性 outer characteristic 第二章曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner渐渐机支承engine mounting活塞渐 piston top活塞部渐渐 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt渐槽slot活塞渐 piston ring气渐 compression ring油渐 oil ring渐槽groove活塞渐 piston pin主承渐渐 main bearing主承盖渐渐渐 main bearing cap主瓦渐渐 main shell渐渐渐杆承big end bearing渐杆盖big end cap起爪渐渐 cranking claw渐渐 pulley平衡重 counter weight渐渐渐火序firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构渐渐置气(OHV) Over Head Valve渐渐渐置凸(OHC) Over Head Camshaft渐渐渐渐置凸(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft双置凸渐渐渐渐渐 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft多气机渐渐渐渐 multi-valve engine气隙渐渐渐 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气杆渐渐 valve stem气座渐渐 valve seat气管渐渐渐 valve guide气簧渐渐渐 valve spring第四章汽油机供系渐渐可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分渐 distil蒸性渐渐 evaporating property渐渐 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛渐渐 (RON) Research Octane Number渐量空气系数coefficient of excessive air理混合气渐渐渐渐 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture渐混合气thick mixture主供油系渐 main supply system怠速系渐 idle system加系渐渐渐 thickening system加速系渐 accelerating system浮子 float 浮子室 float chamber渐渐 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻渐渐 choke渐芯filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup渐膜pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉渐 a**estos pad渐渐 pre-heating汽油直接射渐渐 gasoline direct injection渐控electronic control多点射渐渐 muti-point injection渐渐渐点射single point injection渐路控制circuit control分器信号渐渐渐渐 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供系渐渐渐渐油transfer pump渐渐油fuel injection pump高油管渐渐渐 high pressure fuel pipe渐火性ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point渐燃期pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period渐燃期slow combustion period燃室渐渐 combustion chamber渐渐渐一燃室united chamber球形燃室渐渐 ball shape chamber渐流室turbulence chamber渐燃室pri-combustion chamber渐油器injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油渐 delivery valve渐速器governor两速速器渐渐渐 two speed governor全速速器渐渐渐 full speed governor 定速速器渐渐渐 fixed speed governor渐渐渐渐合速器combined governor气速器渐渐渐渐 pneumatic governor机械离心式速器渐渐渐 mechanical centrifugal governor渐渐渐渐合式速器complex governor渐渐渐渐渐油提前角装置advancer 渐渐 flyweight渐渐渐 coupling粗清器渐渐渐 primary filter渐渐清器secondary filter渐渐渐渐增器turbocharger中冷却器渐渐渐渐 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系渐温器thermostat防液渐渐 anti-freezing liquid渐渐水桶compensation reservoirV-渐 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循渐 big circulation小循渐 small circulation散翅片渐渐渐 fins第八章滑系渐渐渐滑lubricant渐渐渐力滑pressure lubrication渐渐渐滑splash lubrication渐滑脂grease机油力感器渐渐渐渐渐 oil pressure sensor油封 oil seal旁通渐 bypass valve机油散器渐渐 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲箱通渐渐渐渐 crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次渐渐 primary winding二次渐渐 secondary winding渐渐渐敏阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前 ignition advance 分器渐渐 distributor活触点渐渐渐 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火渐 distributor rotor arm渐容器condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛校正器渐渐渐渐渐 octane number rectifier中心极渐渐 central electrode渐渐极side electrode瓷体渐渐渐 ceramic insulator跳火隙渐渐 spark gap半体点火系渐渐渐渐渐 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍效渐渐渐 Hall effect正极板 anode渐极板cathode隔板 separator渐解液electrolyte蓄池格渐渐渐 battery cell接柱渐渐 terminal渐渐 cable硅整流交流机渐渐渐silicon rectified A.C. motor渐子rotor定子 stator渐刷brush渐渐扇叶fan blade渐渐渐渐器voltage regulator第十章起系渐渐手渐渐渐起cranking渐渐塞electric heater plug串激直流机渐渐渐 serial wound D.C. motor 起圈渐渐渐 starter ring渐渐渐渐磁操机构electro-magnetic control第十一章渐渐渐新型机三角活塞 triangular piston渐渐渐渐子机rotary engine自渐 rotary motion, rotation公渐 orbit motion渐迹trajectory渐渐 gear渐圈ring gear往零渐渐渐件reciprocal parts渐平衡dynamic balance燃气机渐渐渐渐渐 gas turbine第十二章汽系渐渐渐渐机械式系渐渐渐 mechanical transmission液力机械式系渐渐渐 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式系渐渐渐 static-hydraulic transmission渐渐渐渐力式系electrical transmission自渐渐渐渐渐式系automatic transmission减速 reduction可速比渐渐渐 variable ratios有速渐渐渐 definite ratios无速渐渐渐 indefinite ratios无速器渐渐渐渐(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission一般布置 general layout渐渐机横置lateral engine positioning分器渐渐 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离底渐渐 thorough separation渐渐 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦渐渐片friction liner渐 hub主部分渐渐渐 driving part从渐渐渐部分driven part花渐 spline渐渐 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离承渐渐 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离* release fork渐渐渐隙整clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke渐渐渐渐 ,接rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央渐渐渐渐渐簧离合器central spring clutch膜片簧离合器渐渐渐渐渐diaphragm spring clutch非性渐渐 non-linear第十四章速器渐渐渐与分器渐渐渐渐渐渐渐入，第一,input shaft, drive shaft渐渐渐渐渐渐渐出，第二,output shaft, main shaft中渐渐 counter shaft倒渐渐 reverse gear shaft常渐渐合constant mesh低速渐 low gear高速渐 high gear最高速渐 top gear空渐 neutral gear一渐 the first gear二渐 the second gear三渐 the third gear倒渐 reverse gear直接渐 direct gear超速渐 overdrive渐渐渐力出power take-off渐渐 shift渐合套sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同面步渐 synchro cone渐速杆shifting lever手柄 handle球渐渐 ball joint渐渐渐* shifting fork自渐 self-lock互渐 inter-lock渐渐渐渐速transaxle加力渐 low gear第十五章液力机械渐渐液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling渐渐 impeller渐渐 turbine叶片 blade液力矩器渐渐渐 torque converter渐渐 stator行星渐渐渐系planetary gear system太阳渐 sun gear行星渐 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier渐圈ring gear第十六章渐渐渐万向渐 universal joint, U-joint十字渐渐渐渐渐式万向Cardan type U-joint*子 yoke, fork十字渐 spider, center cross渐渐渐承needle bearing滑脂嘴，油嘴,lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双式渐渐渐渐渐万向dual Cardan type U-joint球*式万向渐 Weiss type U-joint球式渐渐渐渐渐万向Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架,球渐 retainer, ball cage渐渐性万向flexible U-joint无管渐渐渐 seamless steel tube第十七章渐渐渐主减速器 final drive主渐渐渐渐渐渐，小,drive pinion从，渐渐渐渐渐渐大,ring gear渐渐渐 bevel gear双曲面渐渐 hypoid gear渐渐减速single reduction双减速渐渐渐 double reduction渐通式主减速器penetrable final drive 双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive渐渐减速器wheel reduction差速器 differential半渐渐渐 differential side gear差速渐 differential lock渐渐差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器 torque sensitive differential半渐 axle shaft全浮式半渐 float type axle shaft半浮式半渐 semi-float type axle shaft渐壳axle housing渐壳后盖final drive rear cover第十八章行系渐渐行系渐渐 running gear渐架frame渐渐渐渐 ,axle渐架suspension半履渐渐渐渐式汽semi-caterpillar vehicle第十九章架渐渐渐渐梁式架ladder type frame渐梁side rail横梁 cross member保杠渐渐 bumper托架 bracket支承 support拖渐 tow hook中梁式架渐渐 backbone type frame桁架式架渐渐 lattice type frame第二十章渐渐渐渐和渐渐向steering axle渐梁axle beam工字形断面 I-section渐渐向knuckle主渐 king pin渐渐 wheel hub渐渐渐渐向定位steering wheel alignment主后渐渐渐 caster主内渐渐渐 king pin inclination前外渐渐渐 camber前前渐渐渐束toe-in渐渐渐渐向steering and driving axle支持渐 support axle渐渐 rim渐渐 spoke渐渐渐渐装罩hub cap渐胎tyre, tire胎冠 crown, tread花渐 pattern胎渐 side wall帘布渐 cord, ply尼渐渐渐渐 ,nylon渐渐束belted layer内胎 tube渐渐 protector胎圈 bead气渐渐嘴bleed valve气芯渐渐 valve core子午胎渐渐渐 radial tire无内胎胎渐渐 tubeless tire刺穿 puncture渐胎spare tire第二十一章架渐渐性元件spring, elastic element减振器 sock absorber渐向机构control device横向定器渐渐渐渐渐渐，杆,stabilizer, anti-roll bar渐渐渐架度suspension stiffness簧量渐渐渐 sprung mass非簧量渐渐渐 unsprung mass静渐渐度static deformation独立渐渐架independent suspension渐渐渐渐渐渐渐上跳，减振器行程,jounce渐渐渐渐渐渐回跳，减振器伸行程,rebound双向作用减振器 double action shock absorber渐向作用减振器single action shock absorber筒式减振器 telescopic shock absorber吊渐 link ring 工作缸 working cylinder渐油缸reservoir流通渐渐渐渐渐渐，液,intake valve伸渐渐 rebound valve渐渐渐 compression valve渐渐渐 compensation valve充气减振器 gas filled shock absorber渐渐渐渐渐力可减振器pressure adjustable shock absorber渐渐渐板簧leaf spring中心螺栓 central bolt渐渐簧clip螺旋簧渐渐 coil spring扭杆簧渐渐 torsional bar囊式空气簧渐渐 bellow type air spring膜式空气簧渐渐 diaphragm type air spring橡胶渐渐簧rubber spring卷耳 spring eye吊耳 shackleU形螺栓 U-bolt渐簧盖板spring plate副簧 auxiliary spring主簧 main spring横臂式架渐渐 transversal type suspension双横臂式架渐渐 double wishbone suspension渐渐渐向steering axis渐渐臂式trailing arm type滑柱式 strut type麦弗渐渐式McPhaeson type平衡架渐渐 tandem axle suspension第二十二章向系渐机械，手,渐渐渐渐渐向系manual steering system渐渐向steering wheel 渐渐向steering shaft渐向柱steering column渐渐渐渐向steering drive shaft渐向器steering gear直拉杆 drag link渐渐向knuckle渐渐渐向臂knuckle arm梯形臂 steering arm横拉杆 tie rod渐渐渐渐渐渐渐向偏角系steering geometry渐弯半径turning radius循球式向器渐渐渐渐渐渐 recirculating ball steering gear渐向螺杆steering screw渐向螺母steering nut渐扇sector渐渐渐渐渐渐条式向器rack and pinion steering gear渐渐渐渐渐渐杆曲柄指式向器worm and crankpin steering gear渐渐渐力向power steering渐向油罐steering reservoir渐渐向油steering oil pump第二十三章制系渐渐鼓式制器渐渐 drum brake制渐渐蹄brake shoe渐缸wheel cylinder制底板渐渐渐 brake base plate渐渐整凸adjustable cam制渐渐渐渐渐渐蹄回位簧retainer spring渐蹄leading shoe从蹄 trailing shoe渐渐渐式制器disc brake制渐渐 brake calipers制渐渐 brake disc液制系渐渐渐渐 fluid braking system制液渐渐 brake fluid制主缸渐渐渐 master cylinder气制系渐渐渐渐 pneumatic braking system空气机渐渐渐 air compressor 制气室渐渐渐 brake chamber渐气筒reservoir制渐渐 brake valve气渐渐渐渐 air pressure governor伺服制系渐渐 servo braking system真空助力器 vacuum booster防抱死制系渐渐 (ABS) Anti-lock Braking System渐渐渐助制器auxiliary brake渐速器retarder排气制渐 exhaust braking第二十四章身渐渐身壳体body shell非承式身渐渐渐渐 separate frame construction承式身渐渐渐渐 unitary construction, integral body渐渐渐机engine compartment客,渐渐渐渐渐乘客室passenger compartment行李箱 trunk渐渐机罩hood, bonnet前翼板 front fender, front wing前渐渐渐泥板front fender apron前板渐渐 dash board, fire wall前窗渐渐 windscreen, windshield前渐 cowl, shroud渐盖roof地板 floor panel行李箱盖 trunk lid, deck lid后板渐渐 rear end panel前柱front pillar, “A” pillar中柱center pillar, “B” pillar后柱rear p illar, “C” pillar上渐渐梁roof rail渐渐 rocker panel渐表板instrument panel遮阳板 sun visor刮水器 wiper后渐渐 rear view mirror渐渐 door lock玻璃升降器 window regulator密封条 weather strip暖气装置 heater空装置渐渐渐 air conditioner座椅 seat渐枕head restraint安全渐 safety seat belt渐化玻璃toughened glass 渐渐玻璃laminated glass渐箱carrying platform渐板side board 后板 tail board前板 head board地板,底板 floor board栓杆 tightening latch第二十五章附属渐渐渐速表speedometer里程表 mileage recorder机油力渐渐渐表oil pressure gauge燃油表 fuel gauge水温表 water temperature gauge渐流表ammeter前大灯 head lamp渐向指示灯turning indicator制信号渐渐渐渐灯braking signal light 渐警信号装置warning signal附表渐渐一般工程渐度length渐度width高度 height深度 depth距离 distance渐隙clearance位移 displacement面渐 area体渐 volume重量 weight渐量mass比重 specific gravity密度 density渐渐 time周期 period加速度 velocity, speed重力加速度 acceleration of gravity力 force合力 resultant分力 component力矩 moment渐矩torque, twisting moment弯矩 bending moment渐强pressure大气渐 atmospheric pressure声渐渐 (SPL) Sound Pressure Level渐力stress渐渐 strain渐形deformation拉伸 stretching渐渐 compressing弯曲 bending扭渐 twisting强度 strength渐度stiffness硬度 hardness黏度 viscosity运渐渐渐黏度kinematic viscosity能量 energy渐能kinetic energy位能 potential energy功 work功率 power温度 temperature渐 heat渐容量thermal capacity比渐 specific heat渐功当量Joule’s equiva lent渐渐系数coefficient of heat transfer 加渐 heating冷却 cooling膨渐 expansion固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas蒸渐 evaporation溶解 dissolve融化 melt凝渐 condensation凝固 solidification渐路electric circuit串渐 serial connection并渐parallel connection渐荷electric charge渐渐 voltage渐位potential渐流current直流 (D.C.) Direct Current交流 (A.C.) Alternative Current渐阻resistance渐容量capacity渐容器condenser渐感inductance渐极electrode正极 anode渐极cathode渐离ionization渐解electrolysis渐渐 electroplating渐泳electrophoresis磁渐强度magnetic field intensity磁通量 magnetic flux光通量 luminous flux光照度 photometric quantity渐光强度luminous intensity工程渐 technical drawing渐板drawing board渐渐 drawing paper描渐渐tracing paper投影 projection前渐渐 front end view渐渐渐 side view左渐渐 left end view右渐渐 right end view俯渐渐 plan view剖面 section剖渐 section view渐渐 full line虚渐 broken line, dotted line点划渐 chain line尺寸渐 dimension line方形 square渐方形rectangle三角形 triangle渐形circle内接渐 inscribed circle外切渐 circumscribed circle直尺 ruler三棱尺 triangular scale三角板 set square丁字尺 tee square, T square渐渐 compasses分渐 divider曲板渐渐 curve渐嘴笔drawing pen渐子hammer斧子 ax, axe螺渐渐刀screw driver扳手 wrench, spanner活渐渐渐扳手adjustable wrench扳手套筒 socket渐子pliers火子渐渐 tongs虎渐 vice刀子 knife刮刀 scraper剪子 scissors渐子tweezers渐子clip渐渐器clamp渐刀file渐渐渐子,子chisel冲子 punch渐子awl渐子saw刨子 plane渐 drill砧渐 anvil直角尺 square内卡渐 inside calipers外卡渐 outside calipers游卡渐渐渐尺vernier calipers千分卡尺 micrometer guage高度尺 height gauge千分表 dial indicator水平，泡,尺 water level画渐渐 marking gauge螺渐 threads螺栓 bolt双螺柱渐渐渐 stud螺渐 screw十字槽螺渐 cross recessed screw螺母 nut渐槽螺母castle nut蝶形螺母 fly nut, wing nut渐圈washer渐渐渐簧圈lock washer渐渐口split pin, cotter pin渐 key花渐 spline直渐渐渐 spur gear斜渐渐渐 helical gear渐渐渐 bevel gear球承渐渐 ball bearing渐渐渐子承roller bearing渐渐渐承needle roller bearing渐承外圈outer race渐承内圈inner race隔离罩,保持架 cage, retainer渐渐渐造,件casting渐渐渐造,件forging渐渐渐渐制,制件rolling冲,冲件渐渐渐渐渐 stamping渐渐渐接,welding渐渐弧arc welding气渐 oxyacetylene welding点渐 spot welding渐渐渐接,rivet机械加工 machine work切削 cutting渐削turning刨削 planing渐削milling渐削drilling渐孔fraising磨削 grinding渐削boring拉削 broaching抛光 polishing渐渐理heat treatment淬火 hardening, quenching退火 annealing回火 tempering正火 normalizing渐床lathe渐渐刨床planer牛刨床渐渐渐 shaper插床 vertical shaper渐床milling machine渐床drilling machine磨床 grinder, grinding machine外渐渐渐磨床external grinder内渐渐渐磨床internal grinder平面磨床surface grinder渐床boring machine拉床 broacher床渐渐箱head stock (gear box)卡渐渐渐渐 ,chuck尾座 tail stock走刀箱 tool carrier模具 die, mold气渐 pneumatic hammer渐床press刀具 cutter渐刀,刨刀bite渐渐渐刀,刀fraise渐渐 bite磨渐渐渐渐 ,砂grinding wheel渐具fixture, jig汽渐 automobile拖拉机 tractor渐渐路机locomotive有渐渐渐 tram无渐渐渐 trolley渐渐渐用military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民渐渐 national economy国内生渐渐渐 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革放渐渐 reform and opening技引渐渐渐technical import国化渐渐 localization支柱渐渐 pillar estate渐渐 car客渐 bus, coach渐渐 truck, lorry公路用渐 road vehicle非公路用渐 off-road vehicle渐渐机engine机体 engine body曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐 crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构 valve timing mechanism供系渐渐 fuel supply system冷却系 cooling system渐滑系lubricating system点火系 ignition system起系渐渐 starting system底渐 chassis 渐渐系power train离合器 clutch渐速器gear box渐渐渐 propeller shaft渐渐渐 drive axle行系渐渐 running gear渐架frame渐架suspension前渐 front axle渐壳axle housing渐渐 wheel渐向系steering system渐渐向steering wheel渐向器steering gear渐渐渐渐渐向装置steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制系渐渐 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device渐渐装置transfer device制器渐渐 brake渐身body渐前板制件front end panels渐身壳体body shell渐渐 door渐窗window附属装置 auxiliary device渐箱carrying platform渐渐渐渐渐机前置后(FR) front engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机前置前(FF) front engine front drive渐渐渐渐渐机后置后(RR) rear engine rear drive渐渐渐渐渐机中置后(MR) midship engine rear drive全渐渐渐 (nWD) all wheel drive渐渐力tractive force阻力 resistance渐渐阻力rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章机工作原理渐渐二冲程机渐渐渐 two stroke engine四冲程机渐渐渐 four stroke engine水冷机渐渐渐 water cooled engine渐渐渐渐冷机air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke 汽缸直径 bore工作容渐 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement渐气行程intake stroke渐渐行程compression stroke渐渐比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃,敲缸 detonation, knock排气行程 exhaust stroke示功渐 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston渐杆connecting rod曲渐 crankshaft渐渐 flywheel渐渐气intake valve排气渐 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod渐臂rocker凸渐渐 camshaft正渐渐渐 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油渐 fuel pump汽油清器渐渐渐 gasoline filter化油器 carburetor空气清器渐渐渐 air cleaner渐气管intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火圈渐渐 ignition coil断器渐渐 breaker蓄池渐渐 storage battery渐渐机generator水渐 water pump散器渐渐 radiator渐扇fan放水渐 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油渐 oil pump集器渐渐 suction filter限渐渐 relief valve渐滑油道oil passage机油清器渐渐渐 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起机渐渐 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效矩渐渐 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption渐渐渐渐渐渐机速特性engine speed characteristic渐渐渐渐气度throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic外特性 outer characteristic第二章曲柄杆机构渐渐渐渐汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner渐渐机支承engine mounting活塞渐 piston top活塞部渐渐 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt渐槽slot活塞渐 piston ring气渐 compression ring油渐 oil ring渐槽groove活塞渐 piston pin主承渐渐 main bearing主承盖渐渐渐 main bearing cap主瓦渐渐 main shell渐渐渐杆承big end bearing渐杆盖big end cap起爪渐渐 cranking claw渐渐 pulley平衡重 counter weight渐渐渐火序firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构渐渐置气(OHV) Over Head Valve渐渐渐置凸(OHC) Over Head Camshaft渐渐渐渐置凸(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft双置凸渐渐渐渐渐 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft多气机渐渐渐渐 multi-valve engine气隙渐渐渐 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气杆渐渐 valve stem气座渐渐 valve seat气管渐渐渐 valve guide气簧渐渐渐 valve spring第四章汽油机供系渐渐可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分渐 distil蒸性渐渐 evaporating property渐渐 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛渐渐 (RON) Research Octane Number渐量空气系数coefficient of excessive air理混合气渐渐渐渐 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture渐混合气thick mixture主供油系渐 main supply system怠速系渐 idle system加系渐渐渐 thickening system加速系渐 accelerating system浮子 float 浮子室 float chamber渐渐 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻渐渐 choke渐芯filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup渐膜pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉渐 a**estos pad渐渐 pre-heating汽油直接射渐渐 gasoline direct injection渐控electronic control多点射渐渐 muti-point injection渐渐渐点射single point injection渐路控制circuit control分器信号渐渐渐渐 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供系渐渐渐渐油transfer pump渐渐油fuel injection pump高油管渐渐渐 high pressure fuel pipe渐火性ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point渐燃期pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period渐燃期slow combustion period燃室渐渐 combustion chamber渐渐渐一燃室united chamber球形燃室渐渐 ball shape chamber渐流室turbulence chamber渐燃室pri-combustion chamber渐油器injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油渐 delivery valve渐速器governor两速速器渐渐渐 two speed governor全速速器渐渐渐 full speed governor 定速速器渐渐渐 fixed speed governor渐渐渐渐合速器combined governor气速器渐渐渐渐 pneumatic governor机械离心式速器渐渐渐 mechanical centrifugal governor渐渐渐渐合式速器complex governor渐渐渐渐渐油提前角装置advancer 渐渐 flyweight渐渐渐 coupling粗清器渐渐渐 primary filter渐渐清器secondary filter渐渐渐渐增器turbocharger中冷却器渐渐渐渐 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系渐温器thermostat防液渐渐 anti-freezing liquid渐渐水桶compensation reservoirV-渐 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循渐 big circulation小循渐 small circulation散翅片渐渐渐 fins第八章滑系渐渐渐滑lubricant渐渐渐力滑pressure lubrication渐渐渐滑splash lubrication渐滑脂grease机油力感器渐渐渐渐渐 oil pressure sensor油封 oil seal旁通渐 bypass valve机油散器渐渐 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲箱通渐渐渐渐 crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次渐渐 primary winding二次渐渐 secondary winding渐渐渐敏阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前 ignition advance分器渐渐 distributor活触点渐渐渐 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火渐 distributor rotor arm渐容器condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛校正器渐渐渐渐渐 octane number rectifier中心极渐渐 central electrode渐渐极side electrode瓷体渐渐渐 ceramic insulator跳火隙渐渐 spark gap半体点火系渐渐渐渐渐 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍效渐渐渐 Hall effect正极板 anode渐极板cathode隔板 separator渐解液electrolyte蓄池格渐渐渐 battery cell接柱渐渐 terminal渐渐 cable硅整流交流机渐渐渐silicon rectified A.C. motor渐子rotor定子 stator渐刷brush渐渐扇叶fan blade渐渐渐渐器voltage regulator第十章起系渐渐手渐渐渐起cranking渐渐塞electric heater plug串激直流机渐渐渐 serial wound D.C. motor起圈渐渐渐 starter ring 渐渐渐渐磁操机构electro-magnetic control第十一章渐渐渐新型机三角活塞 triangular piston渐渐渐渐子机rotary engine自渐 rotary motion, rotation公渐 orbit motion渐迹trajectory渐渐 gear渐圈ring gear往零渐渐渐件reciprocal parts渐平衡dynamic balance燃气机渐渐渐渐渐 gas turbine第十二章汽系渐渐渐渐机械式系渐渐渐 mechanical transmission液力机械式系渐渐渐 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式系渐渐渐 static-hydraulic transmission渐渐渐渐力式系electrical transmission自渐渐渐渐渐式系automatic transmission减速 reduction可速比渐渐渐 variable ratios有速渐渐渐 definite ratios无速渐渐渐 indefinite ratios无速器渐渐渐渐(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission一般布置 general layout渐渐机横置lateral engine positioning分器渐渐 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离底渐渐 thorough separation渐渐 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦渐渐片friction liner渐 hub主部分渐渐渐 driving part从渐渐渐部分driven part花渐 spline渐渐 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离承渐渐 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离叉 release fork渐渐渐隙整clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke渐渐渐渐 ,接rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央渐渐渐渐渐簧离合器central spring clutch膜片簧离合器渐渐渐渐渐diaphragm spring clutch非性渐渐 non-linear第十四章速器渐渐渐与分器渐渐渐渐渐渐渐入，第一,input shaft, drive shaft渐渐渐渐渐渐渐出，第二,output shaft, main shaft中渐渐 counter shaft倒渐渐 reverse gear shaft常渐渐合constant mesh低速渐 low gear高速渐 high gear最高速渐 top gear空渐 neutral gear一渐 the first gear二渐 the second gear三渐 the third gear倒渐 reverse gear直接渐 direct gear超速渐 overdrive渐渐渐力出power take-off渐渐 shift渐合套sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同面步渐 synchro cone渐速杆shifting lever手柄 handle球渐渐 ball joint渐渐渐叉shifting fork自渐 self-lock互渐 inter-lock渐渐渐渐速transaxle加力渐 low gear第十五章液力机械渐渐液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling渐渐 impeller渐渐 turbine叶片 blade液力矩器渐渐渐 torque converter渐渐 stator行星渐渐渐系planetary gear system太阳渐 sun gear行星渐 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier渐圈ring gear第十六章渐渐渐万向渐 universal joint, U-joint十字渐渐渐渐渐式万向Cardan type U-joint叉子 yoke, fork十字渐 spider, center cross渐渐渐承needle bearing滑脂嘴，油嘴,lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双式渐渐渐渐渐万向dual Cardan type U-joint球叉式万向渐 Weiss type U-joint球式渐渐渐渐渐万向Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架,球渐 retainer, ball cage渐渐性万向flexible U-joint无管渐渐渐 seamless steel tube第十七章渐渐渐主减速器 final drive主渐渐渐渐渐渐，小,drive pinion从，渐渐渐渐渐渐大,ring gear渐渐渐 bevel gear双曲面渐渐 hypoid gear渐渐减速single reduction双减速渐渐渐 double reduction渐通式主减速器penetrable final drive 双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive渐渐减速器wheel reduction差速器 differential半渐渐渐 differential side gear差速渐 differential lock渐渐差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器 torque sensitive differential。
齿轮参数中英对照
齿轮参数中英文对照
EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DATA（外圆柱齿轮参数）manufacturing data（制造参数）part number（零件号）tooth form（齿面）gear type（齿轮类型）number of teeth（齿数）normal module（法向模数）normal pressure angle (at ref circle)法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle (at ref circle)螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead（螺旋导程）hand of helix（旋向）reference face width（参考齿宽）outside diameter（齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter（倒圆直径）reference(pitch)circle diameter（分度圆直径）或节圆start of active profile diameter有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter齿根圆直径base circle diameter基圆直径whole depth全齿高normal circular tooth thickness (at reference circle)法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle压力角tooth thickness at reference line分圆齿厚protuberance凸角tip radius齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DATA检验数据profile tolerance and modifications齿形公差和修形profile hollow齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout节圆跳动pitch variation齿距偏差lead variation齿向偏差lead hollow齿向中凹profile surface finish渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR对啮齿的参考参数normal center distance 中心距mating gear part number对啮齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear对啮轮齿数backlash (nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP)侧隙(法线方向，室温)general notes(通用技术要求)1.DO not scale drawing(不要在图上量取尺寸)2.all surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break 0.075 MM MAX(所有面,角和边不能有毛刺,锐边倒钝不超过0.075mm)3.unless otherwise stated(除非特别注明,否则)A.all dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perChinese standard(所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准)B.all surface finishes to be 3.2 micrometer or better(所有表面粗糙度不应低于3.2)C.all dimension are finished dimensions;no allowance has beenmade for any change in maximum or least material condition due to heat treatment(所有尺寸均为最终尺寸;热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差)D linear dimensions to be +/- 0.25 MM(线性尺寸偏差为+/- 0.25 MM)E angular dimensions to be +/- 0.5o(角度尺寸偏差为+/- 0.5o)4.mark part number as shown(如图作零件号)5.mark serial number as shown(如图作系列号)6.heat treatment to be applied to all surfaces(整体热处理)gear notes(齿轮技术要求)1.do not grind roots and fillets after heat treatment(热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角)2.no steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterhoning or grinding(珩磨后,齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕)3.profile tolerance based upon floating band fit(齿形误差应以公差带为计)4.gear must be free from grind burns and tempering(齿面不得烧伤)5.pitch line runout and other tooth tolerances are with respect todatum A(节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准)6.profile tolerance to be measured between form and chamfer(齿形误差应由渐开线起始(或终止)圆测量至齿顶倒角)7.min hardness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet region(齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差)8.root radius tangent to profile not to extend above form diameter(齿根圆角要与齿面相切,而且不能超过渐开线起始(或终止)圆直径。
齿轮参数中英文对照
EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DATA（外圆柱齿轮参数）manufacturing data（制造参数）part number（零件号）tooth form（齿面）gear type（齿轮类型）number of teeth（齿数）normal module（法向模数）normal pressure angle (at ref circle)法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle (at ref circle)螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead（螺旋导程）hand of helix（旋向）reference face width（参考齿宽）outside diameter（齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter（倒圆直径）reference(pitch)circle diameter（分度圆直径）或节圆start of active profile diameter有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter齿根圆直径base circle diameter基圆直径whole depth全齿高normal circular tooth thickness (at reference circle)法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle压力角tooth thickness at reference line分圆齿厚protuberance凸角tip radius齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DATA检验数据profile tolerance and modifications齿形公差和修形profile hollow齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout节圆跳动pitch variation齿距偏差lead variation齿向偏差lead hollow齿向中凹profile surface finish渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR对啮齿的参考参数normal center distance 中心距mating gear part number对啮齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear对啮轮齿数backlash (nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP)侧隙(法线方向，室温)general notes(通用技术要求)not scale drawing(不要在图上量取尺寸)surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break MM MAX(所有面,角和边不能有毛刺,锐边倒钝不超过otherwise stated(除非特别注明,否则)dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perChinese standard(所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准)surface finishes to be micrometer or better(所有表面粗糙度不应低于dimension are finished dimensions;no allowance has beenmade for any change in maximum or least material conditiondue to heat treatment(所有尺寸均为最终尺寸;热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差)D linear dimensions to be +/- MM(线性尺寸偏差为+/- MM)E angular dimensions to be +/- º(角度尺寸偏差为+/- º)part number as shown(如图作零件号)serial number as shown(如图作系列号)treatment to be applied to all surfaces(整体热处理)gear notes(齿轮技术要求)not grind roots and fillets after heat treatment(热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角)steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterhoning or grinding(珩磨后,齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕)tolerance based upon floating band fit(齿形误差应以公差带为计)must be free from grind burns and tempering(齿面不得烧伤)line runout and other tooth tolerances are with respect todatum A(节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准)tolerance to be measured between form and chamfer(齿形误差应由渐开线起始(或终止)圆测量至齿顶倒角) hardness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet region(齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差)radius tangent to profile not to extend above form diameter(齿根圆角要与齿面相切,而且不能超过渐开线起始(或终止)圆直径。
花键齿轮参数中英文对照汇总
花键齿轮参数中英文对照渐开线花键involute spline未注公差undeclared tolerance未注倒角undeclared chamfer调质thermal refining端口port chamfer模数modulus齿形角tooth profile angle变位系数stand-off error齿圈径向跳动geared ring radial runout公法线长度及偏差common normal跨齿数spanned tooth count高频淬火high-frequency quenching配对齿轮mating gear螺旋角spiral angle压力角pressure angle螺旋升角lead angle图号figure number齿厚tooth thickness 是分度圆弦齿厚？螺旋线helix蜗杆worm齿轮gear齿轴gear shaft转子轴rotor shaft精度等级precision class汽车构造词汇汽车automobile拖拉机tractor铁路机车locomotive有轨电车tram无轨电车trolley军用车辆military vehicle蒸汽机steam engine煤气机gas engine汽油机gasoline engine国民经济national economy国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放reform and opening技术引进technical import国产化localization支柱产业pillar estate轿车car客车bus, coach货车truck, lorry公路用车road vehicle非公路用车off-road vehicle发动机engine 机体engine body曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构valve timing mechanism供给系fuel supply system冷却系cooling system润滑系lubricating system点火系ignition system起动系starting system底盘chassis传动系power train离合器clutch变速器gear box传动轴propeller shaft驱动桥drive axle行驶系running gear车架frame悬架suspension前轴front axle桥壳axle housing车轮wheel转向系steering system转向盘steering wheel转向器steering gear转向传动装置steering linkage助力装置power assisting device制动系braking system控制装置control device供能装置power supply device传动装置transfer device制动器brake车身body车前板制件front end panels车身壳体body shell车门door车窗window附属装置auxiliary device货箱carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动(FR) front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF) front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR) rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(nWD) all wheel drive驱动力tractive force阻力resistance滚动阻力rolling resistance空气阻力air resistance, drag上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用adhesion附着力adhesive force附着系数coefficient of adhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机two stroke engine 四冲程发动机four stroke engine 水冷发动机water cooled engine 风冷发动机air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point 下止点(LDP) lower dead point 活塞行程stroke汽缸直径bore工作容积working volume排量swept volume, displacement 进气行程intake stroke压缩行程compression stroke压缩比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃，敲缸detonation, knock排气行程exhaust stroke示功图indicating diagram汽缸体cylinder block汽缸盖cylinder head油底壳oil sump活塞piston连杆connecting rod曲轴crankshaft飞轮flywheel进气门intake valve排气门exhaust valve挺柱tappet推杆push rod摇臂rocker凸轮轴camshaft正时齿轮timing gear燃油箱fuel tank燃油泵fuel pump汽油滤清器gasoline filter化油器carburetor空气滤清器air cleaner进气管intake manifold排气管exhaust manifold火花塞spark plug点火线圈ignition coil断电器breaker蓄电池storage battery发电机generator水泵water pump散热器radiator风扇fan放水阀drain valve水套water jacket分水管distributive pipe 机油泵oil pump集滤器suction filter限压阀relief valve润滑油道oil passage机油滤清器oil filter机油冷却器oil cooler起动机starting motor有效功率effective power有效转矩effective torque燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性engine speed characteristic节气门开度throttle percentage部分特性partial characteristic外特性outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner发动机支承engine mounting活塞顶piston top活塞头部piston head活塞裙piston skirt开槽slot活塞环piston ring气环compression ring油环oil ring环槽groove活塞销piston pin主轴承main bearing主轴承盖main bearing cap主轴瓦main shell连杆轴承big end bearing连杆盖big end cap起动爪cranking claw带轮pulley平衡重counter weight发火顺序firing order扭振减振器torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴(OHC) Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机multi-valve engine气门间隙valve clearance配气相位timing phase气门杆valve stem气门座valve seat气门导管valve guide气门弹簧valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气combustion mixture消声器silencer, muffler汽油gasoline, petrol分馏distil蒸发性evaporating property热值heat value抗爆性anti-knock property辛烷值(RON) Research Octane Number 过量空气系数coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气theoretical mixture稀混合气thin mixture浓混合气thick mixture主供油系统main supply system怠速系统idle system加浓系统thickening system加速系统accelerating system浮子float浮子室float chamber针阀needle valve量孔metering jet阻风门choke滤芯filter cartridge沉淀杯sediment cup泵膜pump diaphragm油浴式oil bath type石棉垫a**estos pad预热pre-heating汽油直接喷射gasoline direct injection电控electronic control多点喷射muti-point injection单点喷射single point injection电路控制circuit control分电器信号distributor signal空气流量信号airflow signal冷却水温信号water temperature signal 第五章柴油机供给系输油泵transfer pump喷油泵fuel injection pump高压油管high pressure fuel pipe发火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝点condensing point备燃期pri-combustion period速燃期rapid combustion period缓燃期slow combustion period燃烧室combustion chamber统一燃烧室united chamber球形燃烧室ball shape chamber涡流室turbulence chamber预燃室pri-combustion chamber喷油器injector 精密偶件precise couple柱塞plunger出油阀delivery valve调速器governor两速调速器two speed governor全速调速器full speed governor定速调速器fixed speed governor综合调速器combined governor气动调速器pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器complex governor喷油提前角调节装置advancer飞块flyweight联轴节coupling粗滤清器primary filter细滤清器secondary filter涡轮增压器turbocharger中间冷却器intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器thermostat防冻液anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶compensation reservoirV-带V belt百叶窗shutter大循环big circulation小循环small circulation散热翅片fins第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant压力润滑pressure lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication润滑脂grease机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor油封oil seal旁通阀bypass valve机油散热器oil cooler机油尺dip stick加机油口oil filler曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次绕组primary winding二次绕组secondary winding热敏电阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前ignition advance分电器distributor活动触点moving contact固定触点fixed contact分火头distributor rotor arm电容器condenser点火提前装置ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier中心电极central electrode侧电极side electrode瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator跳火间隙spark gap半导体点火系semi-conductor ignition system晶体管transistor二极管diode三极管triode无触点点火系non-contact ignition system霍尔效应Hall effect正极板anode负极板cathode隔板separator电解液electrolyte蓄电池格battery cell接线柱terminal电缆cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor转子rotor定子stator电刷brush风扇叶轮fan blade电压调节器voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动cranking电热塞electric heater plug串激直流发电机serial wound D.C. motor起动齿圈starter ring电磁操纵机构electro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞triangular piston转子发动机rotary engine自转rotary motion, rotation公转orbit motion轨迹trajectory齿轮gear齿圈ring gear往复零件reciprocal parts动平衡dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission 静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系electrical transmission自动式传动系automatic transmission减速reduction 可变速比variable ratios有级变速definite ratios无级变速indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置general layout发动机横置lateral engine positioning分动器transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和smooth engagement分离彻底thorough separation过载overload摩擦表面friction surface摩擦衬片friction liner毂hub主动部分driving part从动部分driven part花键spline压盘pressure plate离合器盖cover plate分离杠杆release lever分离套筒release sleeve分离轴承release bearing主缸master cylinder工作缸working cylinder分离* release fork间隙调整clearance adjustment打滑slip踏板pedal踏板自由行程pedal free stroke踏板工作行程pedal working stroke铆钉，铆接rivet双片离合器dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器diaphragm spring clutch非线性non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft中间轴counter shaft倒挡轴reverse gear shaft常啮合constant mesh低速挡low gear高速挡high gear最高速挡top gear空挡neutral gear一挡the first gear二挡the second gear三挡the third gear倒挡reverse gear直接挡direct gear超速挡overdrive动力输出power take-off换挡shift啮合套sliding sleeve同步器synchronizer同步锥面synchro cone变速杆shifting lever手柄handle球铰链ball joint换挡拨* shifting fork自锁self-lock互锁inter-lock变速驱动桥transaxle加力挡low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器hydraulic coupling泵轮impeller涡轮turbine叶片blade液力变矩器torque converter导轮stator行星齿轮系planetary gear system太阳轮sun gear行星轮planet pinion行星架planet carrier齿圈ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节universal joint, U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint*子yoke, fork十字轴spider, center cross滚针轴承needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple 等角速constant angular velocity双联式万向节dual Cardan type U-joint 球*式万向节Weiss type U-joint球笼式万向节Rzeppa type U-joint星形套inner race housing球形壳outer race shell保持架，球笼retainer, ball cage挠性万向节flexible U-joint无缝钢管seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器final drive主动（小）齿轮drive pinion从动（大）齿轮ring gear伞齿轮bevel gear双曲面齿轮hypoid gear单级减速single reduction双级减速double reduction 贯通式主减速器penetrable final drive双速主减速器double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器wheel reduction差速器differential半轴齿轮differential side gear差速锁differential lock轴间差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器torque sensitive differential半轴axle shaft全浮式半轴float type axle shaft半浮式半轴semi-float type axle shaft桥壳axle housing桥壳后盖final drive rear cover第十八章行驶系行驶系running gear车架frame车桥，车轴axle悬架suspension半履带式汽车semi-caterpillar vehicle第十九章车架边梁式车架ladder type frame纵梁side rail横梁cross member保险杠bumper托架bracket支承support拖钩tow hook中梁式车架backbone type frame桁架式车架lattice type frame第二十章车桥和车轮转向桥steering axle桥梁axle beam工字形断面I-section转向节knuckle主销king pin轮毂wheel hub转向轮定位steering wheel alignment主销后倾caster主销内倾king pin inclination前轮外倾camber前轮前束toe-in转向驱动桥steering and driving axle支持桥support axle轮辋rim轮辐spoke车轮装饰罩hub cap轮胎tyre, tire胎冠crown, tread花纹pattern胎侧side wall帘布层cord, ply尼龙，锦纶nylon带束层belted layer内胎tube垫带protector胎圈bead气门嘴bleed valve气门芯valve core子午线轮胎radial tire无内胎轮胎tubeless tire刺穿puncture备胎spare tire第二十一章悬架弹性元件spring, elastic element减振器sock absorber导向机构control device横向稳定器（杆）stabilizer, anti-roll bar悬架刚度suspension stiffness簧载质量sprung mass非簧载质量unsprung mass静挠度static deformation独立悬架independent suspension车轮上跳（减振器压缩行程）jounce车轮回跳（减振器伸张行程）rebound双向作用减振器double action shock absorber单向作用减振器single action shock absorber筒式减振器telescopic shock absorber吊环link ring工作缸working cylinder贮油缸reservoir流通阀（进液阀）intake valve伸张阀rebound valve压缩阀compression valve补偿阀compensation valve充气减振器gas filled shock absorber压力可调减振器pressure adjustable shock absorber 钢板弹簧leaf spring中心螺栓central bolt弹簧夹clip螺旋弹簧coil spring扭杆弹簧torsional bar囊式空气弹簧bellow type air spring膜式空气弹簧diaphragm type air spring橡胶弹簧rubber spring卷耳spring eye吊耳shackleU形螺栓U-bolt弹簧盖板spring plate副簧auxiliary spring主簧main spring 横臂式悬架transversal type suspension双横臂式悬架double wishbone suspension转向轴线steering axis纵摆臂式trailing arm type滑柱式strut type麦弗逊式McPhaeson type平衡悬架tandem axle suspension第二十二章转向系机械（手动）转向系manual steering system转向盘steering wheel转向轴steering shaft转向柱steering column转向传动轴steering drive shaft转向器steering gear直拉杆drag link转向节knuckle转向节臂knuckle arm梯形臂steering arm横拉杆tie rod转向轮偏转角关系steering geometry转弯半径turning radius循环球式转向器recirculating ball steering gear转向螺杆steering screw转向螺母steering nut齿扇sector齿轮齿条式转向器rack and pinion steering gear蜗杆曲柄指销式转向器worm and crankpin steering gear动力转向power steering转向油罐steering reservoir转向油泵steering oil pump第二十三章制动系鼓式制动器drum brake制动蹄brake shoe轮缸wheel cylinder制动底板brake base plate调整凸轮adjustable cam制动蹄回位弹簧retainer spring领蹄leading shoe从蹄trailing shoe盘式制动器disc brake制动钳brake calipers制动盘brake disc液压制动系fluid braking system制动液brake fluid制动主缸master cylinder气压制动系pneumatic braking system空气压缩机air compressor制动气室brake chamber贮气筒reservoir制动阀brake valve气压调节阀air pressure governor伺服制动系servo braking system真空助力器vacuum booster防抱死制动系(ABS) Anti-lock Braking System 辅助制动器auxiliary brake缓速器retarder排气制动exhaust braking第二十四章车身车身壳体body shell非承载式车身separate frame construction承载式车身unitary construction, integral body 发动机舱engine compartment客厢，乘客室passenger compartment行李箱trunk发动机罩hood, bonnet前翼板front fender, front wing前挡泥板front fender apron前围板dash board, fire wall前风窗windscreen, windshield前围cowl, shroud顶盖roof地板floor panel行李箱盖trunk lid, deck lid后围板rear end panel前柱front pillar, “A” pillar中柱center pillar, “B” pillar后柱rear pillar, “C” pillar上边梁roof rail门槛rocker panel仪表板instrument panel遮阳板sun visor刮水器wiper后视镜rear view mirror门锁door lock玻璃升降器window regulator密封条weather strip暖气装置heater空调装置air conditioner座椅seat头枕head restraint安全带safety seat belt钢化玻璃toughened glass夹层玻璃laminated glass货箱carrying platform边板side board后板tail board前板head board地板，底板floor board栓杆tightening latch 第二十五章附属设备车速表speedometer里程表mileage recorder机油压力表oil pressure gauge燃油表fuel gauge水温表water temperature gauge电流表ammeter前大灯head lamp转向指示灯turning indicator制动信号灯braking signal light报警信号装置warning signal附表一般工程词汇长度length宽度width高度height深度depth距离distance间隙clearance位移displacement面积area体积volume重量weight质量mass比重specific gravity密度density时间time周期period加速度velocity, speed重力加速度acceleration of gravity 力force合力resultant分力component力矩moment转矩torque, twisting moment弯矩bending moment压强pressure大气压atmospheric pressure声压级(SPL) Sound Pressure Level 应力stress应变strain变形deformation拉伸stretching压缩compressing弯曲bending扭转twisting强度strength刚度stiffness硬度hardness黏度viscosity运动黏度kinematic viscosity能量energy动能kinetic energy位能potential energy功work功率power温度temperature热heat热容量thermal capacity比热specific heat热功当量Joule’s equivalent传热系数coefficient of heat transfer 加热heating冷却cooling膨胀expansion固体solid液体liquid气体gas蒸发evaporation溶解dissolve融化melt凝结condensation凝固solidification电路electric circuit串联serial connection并联parallel connection电荷electric charge电压voltage电位potential电流current直流(D.C.) Direct Current交流(A.C.) Alternative Current电阻resistance电容量capacity电容器condenser电感inductance电极electrode正极anode负极cathode电离ionization电解electrolysis电镀electroplating电泳electrophoresis磁场强度magnetic field intensity磁通量magnetic flux光通量luminous flux光照度photometric quantity发光强度luminous intensity工程图technical drawing图板drawing board图纸drawing paper 描图纸tracing paper投影projection前视图front end view侧视图side view左视图left end view右视图right end view俯视图plan view剖面section剖视section view实线full line虚线broken line, dotted line 点划线chain line尺寸线dimension line方形square长方形rectangle三角形triangle圆形circle内接圆inscribed circle外切圆circumscribed circle 直尺ruler三棱尺triangular scale三角板set square丁字尺tee square, T square 圆规compasses分规divider曲线板curve鸭嘴笔drawing pen锤子hammer斧子ax, axe螺丝刀screw driver扳手wrench, spanner活动扳手adjustable wrench 扳手套筒socket钳子pliers火钳子tongs虎钳vice刀子knife刮刀scraper剪子scissors镊子tweezers夹子clip夹紧器clamp锉刀file凿子，錾子chisel冲子punch锥子awl锯子saw刨子plane钻drill砧铁anvil直角尺square内卡规inside calipers外卡规outside calipers游标卡尺vernier calipers千分卡尺micrometer guage高度尺height gauge千分表dial indicator水平（泡）尺water level画针盘marking gauge螺纹threads螺栓bolt双头螺柱stud螺钉screw十字槽螺钉cross recessed screw 螺母nut开槽螺母castle nut蝶形螺母fly nut, wing nut垫圈washer弹簧垫圈lock washer开口销split pin, cotter pin键key花键spline直齿齿轮spur gear斜齿齿轮helical gear伞齿轮bevel gear球轴承ball bearing滚子轴承roller bearing滚针轴承needle roller bearing 轴承外圈outer race轴承内圈inner race隔离罩，保持架cage, retainer 铸造，铸件casting锻造，锻件forging轧制，轧制件rolling冲压，冲压件stamping焊接，焊缝welding电弧焊arc welding气焊oxyacetylene welding点焊spot welding铆接，铆钉rivet机械加工machine work切削cutting车削turning刨削planing铣削milling钻削drilling绞孔fraising磨削grinding镗削boring拉削broaching 抛光polishing热处理heat treatment淬火hardening, quenching退火annealing回火tempering正火normalizing车床lathe龙门刨床planer牛头刨床shaper插床vertical shaper铣床milling machine钻床drilling machine磨床grinder, grinding machine外圆磨床external grinder内圆磨床internal grinder平面磨床surface grinder镗床boring machine拉床broacher床头箱head stock (gear box)卡盘，夹盘chuck尾座tail stock走刀箱tool carrier模具die, mold气锤pneumatic hammer压床press刀具cutter车刀，刨刀bite铣刀，绞刀fraise钻头bite磨轮，砂轮grinding wheel夹具fixture, jig汽车automobile拖拉机tractor铁路机车locomotive有轨电车tram无轨电车trolley军用车辆military vehicle蒸汽机steam engine煤气机gas engine汽油机gasoline engine国民经济national economy国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放reform and opening技术引进technical import国产化localization支柱产业pillar estate轿车car客车bus, coach货车truck, lorry公路用车road vehicle非公路用车off-road vehicle发动机engine机体engine body曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构valve timing mechanism供给系fuel supply system冷却系cooling system润滑系lubricating system点火系ignition system起动系starting system底盘chassis传动系power train离合器clutch变速器gear box传动轴propeller shaft驱动桥drive axle行驶系running gear车架frame悬架suspension前轴front axle桥壳axle housing车轮wheel转向系steering system转向盘steering wheel转向器steering gear转向传动装置steering linkage助力装置power assisting device制动系braking system控制装置control device供能装置power supply device传动装置transfer device制动器brake车身body车前板制件front end panels车身壳体body shell车门door车窗window附属装置auxiliary device货箱carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动(FR) front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF) front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR) rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动(MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动(nWD) all wheel drive驱动力tractive force阻力resistance滚动阻力rolling resistance空气阻力air resistance, drag 上坡阻力gradient resistance附着作用adhesion附着力adhesive force附着系数coefficient of adhesion 第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机two stroke engine 四冲程发动机four stroke engine 水冷发动机water cooled engine 风冷发动机air cooled engine上止点(UDP) upper dead point 下止点(LDP) lower dead point 活塞行程stroke汽缸直径bore工作容积working volume排量swept volume, displacement 进气行程intake stroke压缩行程compression stroke压缩比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃，敲缸detonation, knock排气行程exhaust stroke示功图indicating diagram汽缸体cylinder block汽缸盖cylinder head油底壳oil sump活塞piston连杆connecting rod曲轴crankshaft飞轮flywheel进气门intake valve排气门exhaust valve挺柱tappet推杆push rod摇臂rocker凸轮轴camshaft正时齿轮timing gear燃油箱fuel tank燃油泵fuel pump汽油滤清器gasoline filter化油器carburetor空气滤清器air cleaner进气管intake manifold排气管exhaust manifold火花塞spark plug点火线圈ignition coil断电器breaker蓄电池storage battery发电机generator水泵water pump散热器radiator风扇fan放水阀drain valve水套water jacket分水管distributive pipe机油泵oil pump集滤器suction filter限压阀relief valve润滑油道oil passage机油滤清器oil filter机油冷却器oil cooler起动机starting motor有效功率effective power有效转矩effective torque燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性engine speed characteristic节气门开度throttle percentage部分特性partial characteristic外特性outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner发动机支承engine mounting活塞顶piston top活塞头部piston head活塞裙piston skirt开槽slot活塞环piston ring气环compression ring油环oil ring环槽groove活塞销piston pin主轴承main bearing主轴承盖main bearing cap主轴瓦main shell连杆轴承big end bearing连杆盖big end cap起动爪cranking claw带轮pulley平衡重counter weight发火顺序firing order扭振减振器torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴(OHC) Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机multi-valve engine气门间隙valve clearance配气相位timing phase气门杆valve stem气门座valve seat 气门导管valve guide气门弹簧valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气combustion mixture消声器silencer, muffler汽油gasoline, petrol分馏distil蒸发性evaporating property热值heat value抗爆性anti-knock property辛烷值(RON) Research Octane Number 过量空气系数coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气theoretical mixture稀混合气thin mixture浓混合气thick mixture主供油系统main supply system怠速系统idle system加浓系统thickening system加速系统accelerating system浮子float浮子室float chamber针阀needle valve量孔metering jet阻风门choke滤芯filter cartridge沉淀杯sediment cup泵膜pump diaphragm油浴式oil bath type石棉垫a**estos pad预热pre-heating汽油直接喷射gasoline direct injection电控electronic control多点喷射muti-point injection单点喷射single point injection电路控制circuit control分电器信号distributor signal空气流量信号airflow signal冷却水温信号water temperature signal 第五章柴油机供给系输油泵transfer pump喷油泵fuel injection pump高压油管high pressure fuel pipe发火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝点condensing point备燃期pri-combustion period速燃期rapid combustion period缓燃期slow combustion period燃烧室combustion chamber统一燃烧室united chamber球形燃烧室ball shape chamber涡流室turbulence chamber预燃室pri-combustion chamber喷油器injector精密偶件precise couple柱塞plunger出油阀delivery valve调速器governor两速调速器two speed governor全速调速器full speed governor定速调速器fixed speed governor综合调速器combined governor气动调速器pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器complex governor喷油提前角调节装置advancer飞块flyweight联轴节coupling粗滤清器primary filter细滤清器secondary filter涡轮增压器turbocharger中间冷却器intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器thermostat防冻液anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶compensation reservoirV-带V belt百叶窗shutter大循环big circulation小循环small circulation散热翅片fins第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant压力润滑pressure lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication润滑脂grease机油压力传感器oil pressure sensor油封oil seal旁通阀bypass valve机油散热器oil cooler机油尺dip stick加机油口oil filler曲轴箱通风crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次绕组primary winding二次绕组secondary winding热敏电阻heat sensitive resistance点火提前ignition advance分电器distributor活动触点moving contact 固定触点fixed contact分火头distributor rotor arm电容器condenser点火提前装置ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器octane number rectifier中心电极central electrode侧电极side electrode瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator跳火间隙spark gap半导体点火系semi-conductor ignition system晶体管transistor二极管diode三极管triode无触点点火系non-contact ignition system霍尔效应Hall effect正极板anode负极板cathode隔板separator电解液electrolyte蓄电池格battery cell接线柱terminal电缆cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor转子rotor定子stator电刷brush风扇叶轮fan blade电压调节器voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动cranking电热塞electric heater plug串激直流发电机serial wound D.C. motor起动齿圈starter ring电磁操纵机构electro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞triangular piston转子发动机rotary engine自转rotary motion, rotation公转orbit motion轨迹trajectory齿轮gear齿圈ring gear往复零件reciprocal parts动平衡dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系electrical transmission自动式传动系automatic transmission减速reduction可变速比variable ratios有级变速definite ratios无级变速indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置general layout发动机横置lateral engine positioning分动器transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和smooth engagement分离彻底thorough separation过载overload摩擦表面friction surface摩擦衬片friction liner毂hub主动部分driving part从动部分driven part花键spline压盘pressure plate离合器盖cover plate分离杠杆release lever分离套筒release sleeve分离轴承release bearing主缸master cylinder工作缸working cylinder分离叉release fork间隙调整clearance adjustment打滑slip踏板pedal踏板自由行程pedal free stroke踏板工作行程pedal working stroke铆钉，铆接rivet双片离合器dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器diaphragm spring clutch非线性non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft中间轴counter shaft倒挡轴reverse gear shaft常啮合constant mesh低速挡low gear高速挡high gear最高速挡top gear空挡neutral gear一挡the first gear 二挡the second gear三挡the third gear倒挡reverse gear直接挡direct gear超速挡overdrive动力输出power take-off换挡shift啮合套sliding sleeve同步器synchronizer同步锥面synchro cone变速杆shifting lever手柄handle球铰链ball joint换挡拨叉shifting fork自锁self-lock互锁inter-lock变速驱动桥transaxle加力挡low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器hydraulic coupling泵轮impeller涡轮turbine叶片blade液力变矩器torque converter导轮stator行星齿轮系planetary gear system太阳轮sun gear行星轮planet pinion行星架planet carrier齿圈ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节universal joint, U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint叉子yoke, fork十字轴spider, center cross滚针轴承needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple 等角速constant angular velocity双联式万向节dual Cardan type U-joint 球叉式万向节Weiss type U-joint球笼式万向节Rzeppa type U-joint星形套inner race housing球形壳outer race shell保持架，球笼retainer, ball cage挠性万向节flexible U-joint无缝钢管seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器final drive主动（小）齿轮drive pinion从动（大）齿轮ring gear伞齿轮bevel gear双曲面齿轮hypoid gear单级减速single reduction双级减速double reduction贯通式主减速器penetrable final drive双速主减速器double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器wheel reduction差速器differential半轴齿轮differential side gear差速锁differential lock轴间差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器torque sensitive differential。
齿轮参数-中英文对照
EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DAT外圆柱齿轮参数）manufacturing data （制造参数）part number （零件号）tooth form （齿面）gear type （齿轮类型）number of teeth （齿数）normal module （法向模数）normal pressure angle （at ref circle）法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle （at ref circle）螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead （螺旋导程）hand of helix （旋向）reference face width （参考齿宽）outside diameter （齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter （倒圆直径）reference（pitch）circle diameter （分度圆直径）或节圆start of active pro 有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter 齿根圆直径base circle diameter 基圆直径whole depth 全齿高normal circular tooth thickness （at reference circle）法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type 齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown 齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle 压力角tooth thickness at reference line 分圆齿厚protuberance 凸角tip radius 齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DAT检验数据pro and modifications 齿形公差和修形pro 齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout 节圆跳动pitch variation 齿距偏差lead variation 齿向偏差lead hollow 齿向中凹pro finish 渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter 量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane 跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR齿齿的参考参数normal center distance 中心距mating gear part number 对齿齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear 对齿轮齿数backlash （nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP侧隙（法线方向，室温）general notes（通用技术要求）1. DO not scale drawing（不要在图上量取尺寸）2. all surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break 0.075 MM MAX（所有面,角和边不能有毛刺,锐边倒钝不超过0.075mm）3. unless otherwise stated（除非特别注明,否则）A. all dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perChinese standard（所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准）B. all surface finishes to be 3.2 micrometer or better（所有表面粗糙度不应低于3.2）C. all dimension are finished dimensions;no allowance has been made for any change in maximum or least materialcondition due to heat treatment（所有尺寸均为最终尺寸; 热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差D linear dimensions to be +/- 0.25 MM（线性尺寸偏差为+/- 0.25 MM）E angular dimensions to be +/- 0.5 o（角度尺寸偏差为+/- 0.5o）4. mark part number as shown（如图作零件号）5. mark serial number as shown（如图作系列号）6. heat treatment to be applied to all surfaces（整体热处理） gear notes（齿轮技术要求）1. do not grind roots and fillets after heat treatment（热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角）2. no steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterhoning or grinding（珩磨后,齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕）3. pro based upon floating band fit（齿形误差应以公差带为计）4. gear must be free from grind burns and tempering（齿面不得烧伤）5. pitch line runout and other tooth tolerances are with respect todatum A（节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准）6. pro to be measured between form and chamfer（齿形误差应由渐开线起始（或终止）圆测量至齿顶倒角）7. min hardness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet region（齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差）8. root radius tangent to pro to extend above form diameter（齿根圆角要与齿面相切,而且不能超过渐开线起始圆直径。
花键齿轮参数中英文对照
花键齿轮参数中英文对照渐开线花键 involute spline未注公差 undeclared tolerance未注倒角 undeclared chamfer调质 thermal refining端口 port chamfer模数 modulus齿形角 tooth profile angle变位系数 stand-off error齿圈径向跳动 geared ring radial runout公法线长度及偏差 common normal跨齿数 spanned tooth count高频淬火 high-frequency quenching配对齿轮 mating gear螺旋角 spiral angle压力角 pressure angle螺旋升角 lead angle图号 figure number齿厚 tooth thickness螺旋线 helix蜗杆 worm齿轮 gear齿轴 gear shaft转子轴 rotor shaft精度等级 precision class汽车构造词汇汽车 automobile拖拉机 tractor铁路机车 locomotive有轨电车 tram无轨电车 trolley军用车辆 military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民经济 national economy国内生产总值 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放 reform and opening技术引进 technical import国产化 localization支柱产业 pillar estate轿车 car客车 bus, coach货车 truck, lorry公路用车 road vehicle非公路用车 off-road vehicle发动机 engine机体 engine body曲柄连杆机构 crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构 valve timing mechanism供给系 fuel supply system冷却系 cooling system润滑系 lubricating system点火系 ignition system起动系 starting system底盘 chassis传动系 power train离合器 clutch变速器 gear box传动轴 propeller shaft驱动桥 drive axle行驶系 running gear车架 frame悬架 suspension前轴 front axle桥壳 axle housing车轮 wheel转向系 steering system转向盘 steering wheel转向器 steering gear转向传动装置 steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制动系 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device传动装置 transfer device制动器 brake车身 body车前板制件 front end panels车身壳体 body shell车门 door车窗 window附属装置 auxiliary device货箱 carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动 (FR) front engine rear drive 发动机前置前轮驱动 (FF) front engine front drive 发动机后置后轮驱动 (RR) rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动 (MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动 (nWD) all wheel drive驱动力 tractive force阻力 resistance滚动阻力 rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力 gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机 two stroke engine四冲程发动机 four stroke engine水冷发动机 water cooled engine风冷发动机 air cooled engine上止点 (UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke汽缸直径 bore工作容积 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement进气行程 intake stroke压缩行程 compression stroke压缩比 compression ratio做功行程 working stroke爆燃，敲缸 detonation, knock排气行程 exhaust stroke示功图 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston连杆 connecting rod曲轴 crankshaft飞轮 flywheel进气门 intake valve排气门 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod摇臂 rocker凸轮轴 camshaft正时齿轮 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油泵 fuel pump汽油滤清器 gasoline filter化油器 carburetor空气滤清器 air cleaner进气管 intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火线圈 ignition coil断电器 breaker蓄电池 storage battery发电机 generator水泵 water pump散热器 radiator风扇 fan放水阀 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油泵 oil pump集滤器 suction filter限压阀 relief valve润滑油道 oil passage机油滤清器 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起动机 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效转矩 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性 engine speed characteristic 节气门开度 throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic外特性 outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner发动机支承 engine mounting活塞顶 piston top活塞头部 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt开槽 slot活塞环 piston ring气环 compression ring油环 oil ring环槽 groove活塞销 piston pin主轴承 main bearing主轴承盖 main bearing cap主轴瓦 main shell连杆轴承 big end bearing连杆盖 big end cap起动爪 cranking claw带轮 pulley平衡重 counter weight发火顺序 firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门 (OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴 (OHC) Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴 (SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机 multi-valve engine气门间隙 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气门杆 valve stem气门座 valve seat气门导管 valve guide气门弹簧 valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分馏 distil蒸发性 evaporating property热值 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛烷值 (RON) Research Octane Number过量空气系数 coefficient of excessive air理论混合气 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture浓混合气 thick mixture主供油系统 main supply system怠速系统 idle system加浓系统 thickening system加速系统 accelerating system浮子 float浮子室 float chamber针阀 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻风门 choke滤芯 filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup泵膜 pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉垫 a**estos pad预热 pre-heating汽油直接喷射 gasoline direct injection电控 electronic control多点喷射 muti-point injection单点喷射 single point injection电路控制 circuit control分电器信号 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供给系输油泵 transfer pump喷油泵 fuel injection pump高压油管 high pressure fuel pipe发火性 ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point备燃期 pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period缓燃期 slow combustion period燃烧室 combustion chamber统一燃烧室 united chamber球形燃烧室 ball shape chamber涡流室 turbulence chamber预燃室 pri-combustion chamber喷油器 injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油阀 delivery valve调速器 governor两速调速器 two speed governor全速调速器 full speed governor定速调速器 fixed speed governor综合调速器 combined governor气动调速器 pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器 mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器 complex governor喷油提前角调节装置 advancer飞块 flyweight联轴节 coupling粗滤清器 primary filter细滤清器 secondary filter涡轮增压器 turbocharger中间冷却器 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器 thermostat防冻液 anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶 compensation reservoirV-带 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循环 big circulation小循环 small circulation散热翅片 fins第八章润滑系润滑剂 lubricant压力润滑 pressure lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑脂 grease机油压力传感器 oil pressure sensor油封 oil seal旁通阀 bypass valve机油散热器 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲轴箱通风 crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次绕组 primary winding二次绕组 secondary winding热敏电阻 heat sensitive resistance点火提前 ignition advance分电器 distributor活动触点 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火头 distributor rotor arm电容器 condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器 octane number rectifier中心电极 central electrode侧电极 side electrode瓷绝缘体 ceramic insulator跳火间隙 spark gap半导体点火系 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍尔效应 Hall effect正极板 anode负极板 cathode隔板 separator电解液 electrolyte蓄电池格 battery cell接线柱 terminal电缆 cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor 转子 rotor定子 stator电刷 brush风扇叶轮 fan blade电压调节器 voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动 cranking电热塞 electric heater plug串激直流发电机 serial wound D.C. motor起动齿圈 starter ring电磁操纵机构 electro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞 triangular piston转子发动机 rotary engine自转 rotary motion, rotation公转 orbit motion轨迹 trajectory齿轮 gear齿圈 ring gear往复零件 reciprocal parts动平衡 dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机 gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系 mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系 hydro-mechanical transmission 静液式传动系 static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系 electrical transmission自动式传动系 automatic transmission减速 reduction可变速比 variable ratios有级变速 definite ratios无级变速 indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置 general layout发动机横置 lateral engine positioning分动器 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离彻底 thorough separation过载 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦衬片 friction liner毂 hub主动部分 driving part从动部分 driven part花键 spline压盘 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离轴承 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离* release fork间隙调整 clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke铆钉，铆接 rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器 central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器 diaphragm spring clutch非线性 non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft中间轴 counter shaft倒挡轴 reverse gear shaft常啮合 constant mesh低速挡 low gear高速挡 high gear最高速挡 top gear空挡 neutral gear一挡 the first gear二挡 the second gear三挡 the third gear倒挡 reverse gear直接挡 direct gear超速挡 overdrive动力输出 power take-off换挡 shift啮合套 sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同步锥面 synchro cone变速杆 shifting lever手柄 handle球铰链 ball joint换挡拨* shifting fork自锁 self-lock互锁 inter-lock变速驱动桥 transaxle加力挡 low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling泵轮 impeller涡轮 turbine叶片 blade液力变矩器 torque converter导轮 stator行星齿轮系 planetary gear system太阳轮 sun gear行星轮 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier齿圈 ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节 universal joint, U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint*子 yoke, fork十字轴 spider, center cross滚针轴承 needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple 等角速 constant angular velocity双联式万向节 dual Cardan type U-joint球*式万向节 Weiss type U-joint球笼式万向节 Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架，球笼 retainer, ball cage挠性万向节 flexible U-joint无缝钢管 seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器 final drive主动（小）齿轮 drive pinion从动（大）齿轮 ring gear伞齿轮 bevel gear双曲面齿轮 hypoid gear单级减速 single reduction双级减速 double reduction贯通式主减速器 penetrable final drive双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器 wheel reduction差速器 differential半轴齿轮 differential side gear差速锁 differential lock轴间差速器 inter-axle differential lock托森差速器 torque sensitive differential半轴 axle shaft全浮式半轴 float type axle shaft半浮式半轴 semi-float type axle shaft桥壳 axle housing桥壳后盖 final drive rear cover第十八章行驶系行驶系 running gear车架 frame车桥，车轴 axle悬架 suspension半履带式汽车 semi-caterpillar vehicle第十九章车架边梁式车架 ladder type frame纵梁 side rail横梁 cross member保险杠 bumper托架 bracket支承 support拖钩 tow hook中梁式车架 backbone type frame桁架式车架 lattice type frame第二十章车桥和车轮转向桥 steering axle桥梁 axle beam工字形断面 I-section转向节 knuckle主销 king pin轮毂 wheel hub转向轮定位 steering wheel alignment主销后倾 caster主销内倾 king pin inclination前轮外倾 camber前轮前束 toe-in转向驱动桥 steering and driving axle支持桥 support axle轮辋 rim轮辐 spoke车轮装饰罩 hub cap轮胎 tyre, tire胎冠 crown, tread花纹 pattern胎侧 side wall帘布层 cord, ply尼龙，锦纶 nylon带束层 belted layer内胎 tube垫带 protector胎圈 bead气门嘴 bleed valve气门芯 valve core子午线轮胎 radial tire无内胎轮胎 tubeless tire刺穿 puncture备胎 spare tire第二十一章悬架弹性元件 spring, elastic element减振器 sock absorber导向机构 control device横向稳定器（杆）stabilizer, anti-roll bar 悬架刚度 suspension stiffness簧载质量 sprung mass非簧载质量 unsprung mass静挠度 static deformation独立悬架 independent suspension车轮上跳（减振器压缩行程） jounce车轮回跳（减振器伸张行程） rebound双向作用减振器 double action shock absorber 单向作用减振器 single action shock absorber 筒式减振器 telescopic shock absorber吊环 link ring工作缸 working cylinder贮油缸 reservoir流通阀（进液阀）intake valve伸张阀 rebound valve压缩阀 compression valve补偿阀 compensation valve充气减振器 gas filled shock absorber压力可调减振器 pressure adjustable shock absorber 钢板弹簧 leaf spring中心螺栓 central bolt弹簧夹 clip螺旋弹簧 coil spring扭杆弹簧 torsional bar囊式空气弹簧 bellow type air spring膜式空气弹簧 diaphragm type air spring橡胶弹簧 rubber spring卷耳 spring eye吊耳 shackleU形螺栓 U-bolt弹簧盖板 spring plate副簧 auxiliary spring主簧 main spring横臂式悬架 transversal type suspension双横臂式悬架 double wishbone suspension转向轴线 steering axis纵摆臂式 trailing arm type滑柱式 strut type麦弗逊式 McPhaeson type平衡悬架 tandem axle suspension第二十二章转向系机械（手动）转向系 manual steering system转向盘 steering wheel转向轴 steering shaft转向柱 steering column转向传动轴 steering drive shaft转向器 steering gear直拉杆 drag link转向节 knuckle转向节臂 knuckle arm梯形臂 steering arm横拉杆 tie rod转向轮偏转角关系 steering geometry转弯半径 turning radius循环球式转向器 recirculating ball steering gear转向螺杆 steering screw转向螺母 steering nut齿扇 sector齿轮齿条式转向器 rack and pinion steering gear蜗杆曲柄指销式转向器 worm and crankpin steering gear 动力转向 power steering转向油罐 steering reservoir转向油泵 steering oil pump第二十三章制动系鼓式制动器 drum brake制动蹄 brake shoe轮缸 wheel cylinder制动底板 brake base plate调整凸轮 adjustable cam制动蹄回位弹簧 retainer spring领蹄 leading shoe从蹄 trailing shoe盘式制动器 disc brake制动钳 brake calipers制动盘 brake disc液压制动系 fluid braking system制动液 brake fluid制动主缸 master cylinder气压制动系 pneumatic braking system空气压缩机 air compressor制动气室 brake chamber贮气筒 reservoir制动阀 brake valve气压调节阀 air pressure governor伺服制动系 servo braking system真空助力器 vacuum booster防抱死制动系 (ABS) Anti-lock Braking System辅助制动器 auxiliary brake缓速器 retarder排气制动 exhaust braking第二十四章车身车身壳体 body shell非承载式车身 separate frame construction承载式车身 unitary construction, integral body发动机舱 engine compartment客厢，乘客室 passenger compartment行李箱 trunk发动机罩 hood, bonnet前翼板 front fender, front wing 前挡泥板 front fender apron前围板 dash board, fire wall前风窗 windscreen, windshield前围 cowl, shroud顶盖 roof地板 floor panel行李箱盖 trunk lid, deck lid后围板 rear end panel前柱 front pillar, “A” pillar 中柱 center pillar, “B” pillar 后柱 rear pillar, “C” pillar 上边梁 roof rail门槛 rocker panel仪表板 instrument panel遮阳板 sun visor刮水器 wiper后视镜 rear view mirror门锁 door lock玻璃升降器 window regulator密封条 weather strip暖气装置 heater空调装置 air conditioner座椅 seat头枕 head restraint安全带 safety seat belt钢化玻璃 toughened glass夹层玻璃 laminated glass货箱 carrying platform边板 side board后板 tail board前板 head board地板，底板 floor board栓杆 tightening latch第二十五章附属设备车速表 speedometer里程表 mileage recorder机油压力表 oil pressure gauge燃油表 fuel gauge水温表 water temperature gauge 电流表 ammeter前大灯 head lamp转向指示灯 turning indicator制动信号灯 braking signal light报警信号装置 warning signal附表一般工程词汇长度 length宽度 width高度 height深度 depth距离 distance间隙 clearance位移 displacement面积 area体积 volume重量 weight质量 mass比重 specific gravity密度 density时间 time周期 period加速度 velocity, speed重力加速度 acceleration of gravity 力 force合力 resultant分力 component力矩 moment转矩 torque, twisting moment弯矩 bending moment压强 pressure大气压 atmospheric pressure声压级 (SPL) Sound Pressure Level 应力 stress应变 strain变形 deformation拉伸 stretching压缩 compressing弯曲 bending扭转 twisting强度 strength刚度 stiffness硬度 hardness黏度 viscosity运动黏度 kinematic viscosity能量 energy动能 kinetic energy位能 potential energy功 work功率 power温度 temperature热 heat热容量 thermal capacity比热 specific heat热功当量 Joule’s equivalent传热系数 coefficient of heat transfer 加热 heating冷却 cooling膨胀 expansion固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas蒸发 evaporation溶解 dissolve融化 melt凝结 condensation凝固 solidification电路 electric circuit串联 serial connection并联 parallel connection电荷 electric charge电压 voltage电位 potential电流 current直流 (D.C.) Direct Current交流 (A.C.) Alternative Current电阻 resistance电容量 capacity电容器 condenser电感 inductance电极 electrode正极 anode负极 cathode电离 ionization电解 electrolysis电镀 electroplating电泳 electrophoresis磁场强度 magnetic field intensity磁通量 magnetic flux光通量 luminous flux光照度 photometric quantity发光强度 luminous intensity工程图 technical drawing图板 drawing board图纸 drawing paper描图纸 tracing paper投影 projection前视图 front end view侧视图 side view左视图 left end view右视图 right end view俯视图 plan view剖面 section剖视 section view实线 full line虚线 broken line, dotted line 点划线 chain line尺寸线 dimension line方形 square长方形 rectangle三角形 triangle圆形 circle内接圆 inscribed circle外切圆 circumscribed circle 直尺 ruler三棱尺 triangular scale三角板 set square丁字尺 tee square, T square 圆规 compasses分规 divider曲线板 curve鸭嘴笔 drawing pen锤子 hammer斧子 ax, axe螺丝刀 screw driver扳手 wrench, spanner活动扳手 adjustable wrench扳手套筒 socket钳子 pliers火钳子 tongs虎钳 vice刀子 knife刮刀 scraper剪子 scissors镊子 tweezers夹子 clip夹紧器 clamp锉刀 file凿子，錾子 chisel冲子 punch锥子 awl锯子 saw刨子 plane钻 drill砧铁 anvil直角尺 square内卡规 inside calipers外卡规 outside calipers游标卡尺 vernier calipers千分卡尺 micrometer guage高度尺 height gauge千分表 dial indicator水平（泡）尺 water level画针盘 marking gauge螺纹 threads螺栓 bolt双头螺柱 stud螺钉 screw十字槽螺钉 cross recessed screw 螺母 nut开槽螺母 castle nut蝶形螺母 fly nut, wing nut垫圈 washer弹簧垫圈 lock washer开口销 split pin, cotter pin键 key花键 spline直齿齿轮 spur gear斜齿齿轮 helical gear伞齿轮 bevel gear球轴承 ball bearing滚子轴承 roller bearing滚针轴承 needle roller bearing 轴承外圈 outer race轴承内圈 inner race隔离罩，保持架 cage, retainer 铸造，铸件 casting锻造，锻件 forging轧制，轧制件 rolling冲压，冲压件 stamping焊接，焊缝 welding电弧焊 arc welding气焊 oxyacetylene welding点焊 spot welding铆接，铆钉 rivet机械加工 machine work切削 cutting车削 turning刨削 planing铣削 milling钻削 drilling绞孔 fraising磨削 grinding镗削 boring拉削 broaching抛光 polishing热处理 heat treatment淬火 hardening, quenching退火 annealing回火 tempering正火 normalizing车床 lathe龙门刨床 planer牛头刨床 shaper插床 vertical shaper铣床 milling machine钻床 drilling machine磨床 grinder, grinding machine 外圆磨床 external grinder内圆磨床 internal grinder平面磨床 surface grinder镗床 boring machine拉床 broacher床头箱 head stock (gear box)卡盘，夹盘 chuck尾座 tail stock走刀箱 tool carrier模具 die, mold气锤 pneumatic hammer压床 press刀具 cutter车刀，刨刀 bite铣刀，绞刀 fraise钻头 bite磨轮，砂轮 grinding wheel夹具 fixture, jig汽车 automobile拖拉机 tractor铁路机车 locomotive有轨电车 tram无轨电车 trolley军用车辆 military vehicle蒸汽机 steam engine煤气机 gas engine汽油机 gasoline engine国民经济 national economy国内生产总值 (GDP) Gross Domestic Production 全拆散 (CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散 (SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放 reform and opening技术引进 technical import国产化 localization支柱产业 pillar estate轿车 car客车 bus, coach货车 truck, lorry公路用车 road vehicle非公路用车 off-road vehicle发动机 engine机体 engine body曲柄连杆机构 crank-connecting rod mechanism 配气机构 valve timing mechanism供给系 fuel supply system冷却系 cooling system润滑系 lubricating system点火系 ignition system起动系 starting system底盘 chassis传动系 power train离合器 clutch变速器 gear box传动轴 propeller shaft驱动桥 drive axle行驶系 running gear车架 frame悬架 suspension前轴 front axle桥壳 axle housing车轮 wheel转向系 steering system转向盘 steering wheel转向器 steering gear转向传动装置 steering linkage助力装置 power assisting device制动系 braking system控制装置 control device供能装置 power supply device传动装置 transfer device制动器 brake车身 body车前板制件 front end panels车身壳体 body shell车门 door车窗 window附属装置 auxiliary device货箱 carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动 (FR) front engine rear drive 发动机前置前轮驱动 (FF) front engine front drive 发动机后置后轮驱动 (RR) rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动 (MR) midship engine rear drive 全轮驱动 (nWD) all wheel drive驱动力 tractive force阻力 resistance滚动阻力 rolling resistance空气阻力 air resistance, drag上坡阻力 gradient resistance附着作用 adhesion附着力 adhesive force附着系数 coefficient of adhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机 two stroke engine四冲程发动机 four stroke engine水冷发动机 water cooled engine风冷发动机 air cooled engine上止点 (UDP) upper dead point下止点 (LDP) lower dead point活塞行程 stroke汽缸直径 bore工作容积 working volume排量 swept volume, displacement进气行程 intake stroke压缩行程 compression stroke压缩比 compression ratio做功行程 working stroke爆燃，敲缸 detonation, knock 排气行程 exhaust stroke示功图 indicating diagram汽缸体 cylinder block汽缸盖 cylinder head油底壳 oil sump活塞 piston连杆 connecting rod曲轴 crankshaft飞轮 flywheel进气门 intake valve排气门 exhaust valve挺柱 tappet推杆 push rod摇臂 rocker凸轮轴 camshaft正时齿轮 timing gear燃油箱 fuel tank燃油泵 fuel pump汽油滤清器 gasoline filter 化油器 carburetor空气滤清器 air cleaner进气管 intake manifold排气管 exhaust manifold火花塞 spark plug点火线圈 ignition coil断电器 breaker蓄电池 storage battery发电机 generator水泵 water pump散热器 radiator风扇 fan放水阀 drain valve水套 water jacket分水管 distributive pipe机油泵 oil pump集滤器 suction filter限压阀 relief valve润滑油道 oil passage机油滤清器 oil filter机油冷却器 oil cooler起动机 starting motor有效功率 effective power有效转矩 effective torque燃油消耗率 specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性 engine speed characteristic节气门开度 throttle percentage部分特性 partial characteristic外特性 outer characteristic第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套 cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner发动机支承 engine mounting活塞顶 piston top活塞头部 piston head活塞裙 piston skirt开槽 slot活塞环 piston ring气环 compression ring油环 oil ring环槽 groove活塞销 piston pin主轴承 main bearing主轴承盖 main bearing cap主轴瓦 main shell连杆轴承 big end bearing连杆盖 big end cap起动爪 cranking claw带轮 pulley平衡重 counter weight发火顺序 firing order扭振减振器 torsional vibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门 (OHV) Over Head Valve顶置凸轮轴 (OHC) Over Head Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴 (SOHC) Single Over Head Camshaft 双顶置凸轮轴 (DOHC) Dual Over Head Camshaft 多气门发动机 multi-valve engine气门间隙 valve clearance配气相位 timing phase气门杆 valve stem气门座 valve seat气门导管 valve guide气门弹簧 valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气 combustion mixture消声器 silencer, muffler汽油 gasoline, petrol分馏 distil蒸发性 evaporating property热值 heat value抗爆性 anti-knock property辛烷值 (RON) Research Octane Number过量空气系数 coefficient of excessive air 理论混合气 theoretical mixture稀混合气 thin mixture浓混合气 thick mixture主供油系统 main supply system怠速系统 idle system加浓系统 thickening system加速系统 accelerating system浮子 float浮子室 float chamber针阀 needle valve量孔 metering jet阻风门 choke滤芯 filter cartridge沉淀杯 sediment cup泵膜 pump diaphragm油浴式 oil bath type石棉垫 a**estos pad预热 pre-heating汽油直接喷射 gasoline direct injection电控 electronic control多点喷射 muti-point injection单点喷射 single point injection电路控制 circuit control分电器信号 distributor signal空气流量信号 airflow signal冷却水温信号 water temperature signal第五章柴油机供给系输油泵 transfer pump喷油泵 fuel injection pump高压油管 high pressure fuel pipe发火性 ignition property黏度 viscosity凝点 condensing point备燃期 pri-combustion period速燃期 rapid combustion period缓燃期 slow combustion period燃烧室 combustion chamber统一燃烧室 united chamber球形燃烧室 ball shape chamber涡流室 turbulence chamber预燃室 pri-combustion chamber喷油器 injector精密偶件 precise couple柱塞 plunger出油阀 delivery valve调速器 governor两速调速器 two speed governor全速调速器 full speed governor定速调速器 fixed speed governor综合调速器 combined governor气动调速器 pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器 mechanical centrifugal governor 复合式调速器 complex governor喷油提前角调节装置 advancer飞块 flyweight联轴节 coupling粗滤清器 primary filter细滤清器 secondary filter涡轮增压器 turbocharger中间冷却器 intermediate cooler第七章冷却系节温器 thermostat防冻液 anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶 compensation reservoirV-带 V belt百叶窗 shutter大循环 big circulation小循环 small circulation散热翅片 fins第八章润滑系润滑剂 lubricant压力润滑 pressure lubrication飞溅润滑 splash lubrication润滑脂 grease机油压力传感器 oil pressure sensor油封 oil seal旁通阀 bypass valve机油散热器 oil cooler机油尺 dip stick加机油口 oil filler曲轴箱通风 crankcase ventilation第九章点火系一次绕组 primary winding二次绕组 secondary winding热敏电阻 heat sensitive resistance点火提前 ignition advance分电器 distributor活动触点 moving contact固定触点 fixed contact分火头 distributor rotor arm电容器 condenser点火提前装置 ignition advancer离心式点火提前装置 centrifugal ignition advancer 真空式点火提前装置 vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器 octane number rectifier中心电极 central electrode侧电极 side electrode瓷绝缘体 ceramic insulator跳火间隙 spark gap半导体点火系 semi-conductor ignition system晶体管 transistor二极管 diode三极管 triode无触点点火系 non-contact ignition system霍尔效应 Hall effect正极板 anode负极板 cathode隔板 separator电解液 electrolyte蓄电池格 battery cell接线柱 terminal电缆 cable硅整流交流发电机silicon rectified A.C. motor转子 rotor定子 stator电刷 brush风扇叶轮 fan blade电压调节器 voltage regulator第十章起动系手摇起动 cranking电热塞 electric heater plug串激直流发电机 serial wound D.C. motor起动齿圈 starter ring电磁操纵机构 electro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞 triangular piston转子发动机 rotary engine自转 rotary motion, rotation公转 orbit motion轨迹 trajectory齿轮 gear齿圈 ring gear往复零件 reciprocal parts动平衡 dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机 gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系 mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系 hydro-mechanical transmission静液式传动系 static-hydraulic transmission电力式传动系 electrical transmission自动式传动系 automatic transmission减速 reduction可变速比 variable ratios有级变速 definite ratios无级变速 indefinite ratios无级变速器(CVT) Continuously Variable Transmission 一般布置 general layout发动机横置 lateral engine positioning分动器 transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和 smooth engagement分离彻底 thorough separation过载 overload摩擦表面 friction surface摩擦衬片 friction liner毂 hub主动部分 driving part从动部分 driven part花键 spline压盘 pressure plate离合器盖 cover plate分离杠杆 release lever分离套筒 release sleeve分离轴承 release bearing主缸 master cylinder工作缸 working cylinder分离叉 release fork间隙调整 clearance adjustment打滑 slip踏板 pedal踏板自由行程 pedal free stroke踏板工作行程 pedal working stroke铆钉，铆接 rivet双片离合器 dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器 central spring clutch膜片弹簧离合器 diaphragm spring clutch 非线性 non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft, drive shaft 输出轴（第二轴）output shaft, main shaft 中间轴 counter shaft倒挡轴 reverse gear shaft常啮合 constant mesh低速挡 low gear高速挡 high gear最高速挡 top gear空挡 neutral gear一挡 the first gear二挡 the second gear三挡 the third gear倒挡 reverse gear直接挡 direct gear超速挡 overdrive动力输出 power take-off换挡 shift啮合套 sliding sleeve同步器 synchronizer同步锥面 synchro cone变速杆 shifting lever手柄 handle球铰链 ball joint换挡拨叉 shifting fork自锁 self-lock互锁 inter-lock变速驱动桥 transaxle加力挡 low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器 hydraulic coupling泵轮 impeller涡轮 turbine叶片 blade液力变矩器 torque converter导轮 stator行星齿轮系 planetary gear system太阳轮 sun gear行星轮 planet pinion行星架 planet carrier齿圈 ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节 universal joint, U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardan type U-joint叉子 yoke, fork十字轴 spider, center cross滚针轴承 needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricating fitting, nipple等角速 constant angular velocity双联式万向节 dual Cardan type U-joint球叉式万向节 Weiss type U-joint球笼式万向节 Rzeppa type U-joint星形套 inner race housing球形壳 outer race shell保持架，球笼 retainer, ball cage挠性万向节 flexible U-joint无缝钢管 seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器 final drive主动（小）齿轮 drive pinion从动（大）齿轮 ring gear伞齿轮 bevel gear双曲面齿轮 hypoid gear单级减速 single reduction双级减速 double reduction贯通式主减速器 penetrable final drive双速主减速器 double gear (speed) final drive 轮边减速器 wheel reduction差速器 differential半轴齿轮 differential side gear差速锁 differential lock轴间差速器 inter-axle differential lock托森差速器 torque sensitive differential。
齿轮参数中英文对照
EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DATA（外圆柱齿轮参数）manufacturing data（制造参数）part number（零件号）tooth form（齿面）gear type（齿轮类型）number of teeth（齿数）normal module（法向模数）normal pressure angle (at ref circle)法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle (at ref circle)螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead（螺旋导程）hand of helix（旋向）reference face width（参考齿宽）outside diameter（齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter（倒圆直径）reference(pitch)circle diameter（分度圆直径）或节圆start of active profile diameter有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter齿根圆直径base circle diameter基圆直径whole depth全齿高normal circular tooth thickness (at reference circle)法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle压力角1 / 9tooth thickness at reference line分圆齿厚protuberance凸角tip radius齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DATA检验数据profile tolerance and modifications齿形公差和修形profile hollow齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout节圆跳动pitch variation齿距偏差lead variation齿向偏差lead hollow齿向中凹profile surface finish渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR对啮齿的参考参数normal center distance 中心距mating gear part number对啮齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear对啮轮齿数backlash (nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP)侧隙(法线方向，室温)general notes(通用技术要求)1.DO not scale drawing(不要在图上量取尺寸)2.all surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break 0.075 MM MAX(所有面,角和边不能有毛刺,锐边倒钝不超过0.075mm)3.unless otherwise stated(除非特别注明,否则)A.all dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perChinese standard(所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准)2 / 9B.all surface finishes to be 3.2 micrometer or better(所有表面粗糙度不应低于3.2)C.all dimension are finished dimensions;no allowance has beenmade for any change in maximum or least material conditiondue to heat treatment(所有尺寸均为最终尺寸;热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差)D linear dimensions to be +/- 0.25 MM(线性尺寸偏差为+/- 0.25 MM)E angular dimensions to be +/- 0.5o(角度尺寸偏差为+/- 0.5o)4.mark part number as shown(如图作零件号)5.mark serial number as shown(如图作系列号)6.heat treatment to be applied to all surfaces(整体热处理)gear notes(齿轮技术要求)1.do not grind roots and fillets after heat treatment(热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角)2.no steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterhoning or grinding(珩磨后,齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕)3.profile tolerance based upon floating band fit(齿形误差应以公差带为计)4.gear must be free from grind burns and tempering(齿面不得烧伤)5.pitch line runout and other tooth tolerances are with respect todatum A(节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准)6.profile tolerance to be measured between form and chamfer(齿形误差应由渐开线起始(或终止)圆测量至齿顶倒角)7.min hardness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet region(齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差)8.root radius tangent to profile not to extend above form diameter(齿根圆角要与齿面相切,而且不能超过渐开线起始(或终止)圆直径。
齿轮参数中英文对照
齿轮参数中英文对照(总6页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除EXTERNAL SPUR GEAR DATA（外圆柱齿轮参数）manufacturing data（制造参数）part number（零件号）tooth form（齿面）gear type（齿轮类型）number of teeth（齿数）normal module（法向模数）normal pressure angle (at ref circle)法向压力角（在分度圆上）helix angle (at ref circle)螺旋角（在分度圆上）helical lead（螺旋导程）hand of helix（旋向）reference face width（参考齿宽）outside diameter（齿顶圆直径）chamfer diameter（倒圆直径）reference(pitch)circle diameter（分度圆直径）或节圆start of active profile diameter有效渐开线起始圆直径form diameter 展成直径root diameter齿根圆直径base circle diameter基圆直径whole depth全齿高normal circular tooth thickness (at reference circle)法向弧齿厚（在分度圆上）root type齿根形式root fillet radius 齿根圆角半径lead crown齿向鼓形HOB DATA滚刀参数pressure angle压力角tooth thickness at reference line分圆齿厚protuberance凸角tip radius齿顶圆半径reference part number 零件号INSPECTION DATA检验数据profile tolerance and modifications齿形公差和修形profile hollow齿形中凹refernce pitch circle runout节圆跳动pitch variation齿距偏差lead variation齿向偏差lead hollow齿向中凹profile surface finish渐开线齿面精加工ball diameter量球直径dimension over two balls in same plane跨棒距REFERENCE DATA-MATING GEAR对啮齿的参考参数normal center distance 中心距mating gear part number对啮齿轮零件号mumber of teeth on mating gear对啮轮齿数backlash (nominal CD ,ROOM TEMP)侧隙(法线方向，室温)general notes(通用技术要求)not scale drawing(不要在图上量取尺寸)surfaces corners and edges must be free from burrsand sharp edges-break MM MAX(所有面,角和边不能有毛刺,锐边倒钝不超过otherwise stated(除非特别注明,否则)dimensions and tolerance are in millimeters perChinese standard(所有以毫米为单位的尺寸和公差均按中国标准)surface finishes to be micrometer or better(所有表面粗糙度不应低于dimension are finished dimensions;no allowance has beenmade for any change in maximum or least material conditiondue to heat treatment(所有尺寸均为最终尺寸;热处理导致的最大或最小实体条件的变化不应超出允差)D linear dimensions to be +/- MM(线性尺寸偏差为+/- MM)E angular dimensions to be +/- o(角度尺寸偏差为+/- o)part number as shown(如图作零件号)serial number as shown(如图作系列号)treatment to be applied to all surfaces(整体热处理)gear notes(齿轮技术要求)not grind roots and fillets after heat treatment(热处理后不得磨及齿根和圆角)steps or grooves permissible in root and fillet region afterhoning or grinding(珩磨后,齿根和圆角区域不允许有台阶或凹痕)tolerance based upon floating band fit(齿形误差应以公差带为计)must be free from grind burns and tempering(齿面不得烧伤)line runout and other tooth tolerances are with respect todatum A(节圆跳动和其它齿轮公差均以基准A为测量基准)tolerance to be measured between form and chamfer(齿形误差应由渐开线起始(或终止)圆测量至齿顶倒角)hardness must be achieved in tooth root and fillet region(齿根和圆角处的硬度不得低于硬度下差)radius tangent to profile not to extend above form diameter(齿根圆角要与齿面相切,而且不能超过渐开线起始(或终止)圆直径。
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渐开线花键 involute spline未注公差 undeclared tolerance未注倒角 undeclared chamfer调质 thermal refining端口 port chamfer模数 modulus齿形角 tooth profile angle变位系数 stand-off error齿圈径向跳动 geared ring radial runout 公法线长度及偏差 common normal跨齿数 spanned tooth count高频淬火 high-frequency quenching配对齿轮 mating gear螺旋角 spiral angle压力角 pressure angle螺旋升角 lead angle图号 figure number齿厚 tooth thickness螺旋线 helix蜗杆 worm齿轮 gear齿轴 gear shaft转子轴 rotor shaft精度等级 precision class齿轮基本术语齿轮Toothed gear；Gear齿面Tooth flank长幅内摆线Prolate hypocycloid齿轮副Gear pair右侧齿面Right flank短幅内摆线Curtate hypocycloid平行轴齿轮副Gear pair with parallel axes左侧齿面Left flank渐开线Involute；Involute to a circle相交轴齿轮副Gear pair with intersecting axes 同侧齿面Corresponding flank延伸渐开线Prolate involute齿轮系Train of gears异侧齿面Opposite flank缩短渐开线Curtate involute行星齿轮系Planetary gear train工作齿面Working flank球面渐开线Spherical involute齿轮传动Gear drive；Gear transmission 非工作齿面Non-working flank渐开螺旋面Involute helicoid配对齿轮Mating gears相啮齿面Mating flank 阿基米德螺旋面Screw helicoid小齿轮Pinion共轭齿面Conjugate flank球面渐开螺旋面Spherical involute helicoid 大齿轮Wheel；Gear可用齿面Usable flank圆环面Toroid主动齿轮Driving gear有效齿面Active flank圆环面的母圈Generant of the toroit从动齿轮Driven gear上齿面Addendum flank圆环面的中性圈Middle circle of the toroid 行星齿轮Planet gear下齿面Dedendum flank圆环面的中间平面Middle-plane of the toroid 行星架Planet carrier齿根过渡曲面Fillet圆环面的内圈Inner circle of the toroid 太阳轮Sun gear齿顶Crest；Top land啮合干涉Meshing interference内齿圈Ring gear；Annulus gear 槽底Bottom land切齿干涉Cutter interference外齿轮External gear齿廓Tooth profile齿廓修型Profile modification；Profile correction内齿轮Internal gear端面齿廓Transverse profile修缘Tip relief中心距Centre distance法向齿廓Normal profile修根Root relief轴交角Shaft angle轴向齿廓Axial profile齿向修形Axial modification；Longitudinal correction连心线Line of centres背锥齿廓Back cone tooth profile齿端修薄End relief减速齿轮副Speed reducing gear pair 齿线Tooth trace鼓形修整Crowning增速齿轮副Speed increasing gear pair 齿棱Tip；Tooth tip鼓形齿Crowned teeth齿数比Gear ratio 模数Module挖根Undercut传动比Transmission ratio端面模数Transverse module瞬时轴Instantaneous axis轴平面Axial plane法向模数Normal module瞬时接触点Point of contact基准平面Datum plane轴向模数Axial module瞬时接触线Line of contact节平面Pitch plane径节Diametral pitch端面啮合线Transverse path ofPineneedle 050328contact端平面Transverse plane齿数Number of teech啮合曲面Surface of action法平面Normal plane当量齿数Virtual number of teeth啮合平面Plane of action分度曲面Reference surface头数Number of starts；Number of threads 啮合区域Zone of action节曲面Pitch surface螺旋线Helix；Circular helix总作用弧Total arc of transmission齿顶曲面Tip surface圆锥螺旋线Conical spiral端面作用弧Transverse arc of transmission 齿根曲面Root surface螺旋角Helix angle；Spiral angle纵向作用弧Overlap arc基本齿廓Basic tooth profile导程Lead总作用角Total angle of transmission基本齿条Basic rack导程角Lead angle端面作用角Transverse angle of transmission 产形齿条Counterpart rack阿基米德螺旋线Archimedes spiral纵向作用角Overlap angle产形齿轮Generating gear of a gear外摆线Epicycloid总重合度Total contact ratio产形齿面Generating flank长幅外摆线Prolate epoicycloid端面重合度Transverse ratio基准线Datum line短幅外摆线Curtate epoicycloid纵向重合度Overlap ratio轮齿Gear teeth；Tooth摆线Cycloid标准齿轮Standard gears齿槽Tooth space长幅摆线Prolate cycloid非变位齿轮X-gero gear右旋齿Right-hand teeth短幅摆线Curtate cycloid标准中心距Referencr centre distance左旋齿Left-hand teeth内摆线Hypocycloid名义中心距Nominal centre distance变位齿轮Gears with addendum modification；X-gears直齿轮Spur gear分度圆柱面Reference cylinder高度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with reference centre distance 斜齿轮Helical gear；Single-helical gear节圆柱面Pitch cylinder角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with modified centre distance 直齿条Spur rack基圆柱面Basic cylinder高度变位锥齿轮副X-gear pair without shaft angle modification 斜齿条Helical rack齿顶圆柱面Tip cylinder角度变位圆柱齿轮副X-gear pair with shaft angle modification人字齿轮Double-helical gear齿根圆柱面Root cylinder变位系数Modification coefficient渐开线齿轮Involute cylindrical gear节点Pitch point变位量Addendum摆线齿轮Cycloidal gear节线Pitch linePineneedle 050328modification径向变位系数Addendum modification coefficient圆弧齿轮Circular-arc gear；W-N gear分度圆Reference circle中心距变位系数Centre distance modification coefficient双圆弧齿轮Double-circular-arc gear节圆Pitch circle圆柱齿轮Cylindrical gear假想曲面Imaginary surfance基圆Basic circle顶圆Tip circle 任意点法向压力角Normal pressure angle at a point定位面Locating face根圆Root circle任意点端面压力角Transverse pressure angle at a point 外锥距Outer cone distance齿距Pitch啮合角Working pressure angle内锥距Inner cone distance齿距角Angular pitch顶隙Bottom clearance中点锥距Mean cone distance公法线长度Base tangent length圆周侧隙Circumferential blacklash背锥距Back cone distance分度圆直径Reference diameter法向侧隙Normal blacklash安装距Locating distance节圆直径Pitch diameter径向侧隙Radial blacklash轮冠距Tip distance；crown to back基圆直径Base diameter锥齿轮Bevel gear冠顶距Apex to crown顶圆直径Tip diameter锥齿轮副Bevel gear pair偏置距Offset根圆直径Root diameter准双曲面齿轮副Hypoid gear pair齿线偏移量Offset of tooth trace齿根圆角半径Fillet radius准双曲面齿轮Hypoid gear分锥角Reference cone angle 齿高Tooth depth冠轮Crown gear节锥角Pitch cone angle工作高度Working depth端面齿轮Contrate gear顶锥角Tip angle齿顶高Addendum直齿锥齿轮Straight bevel gear根锥角Root angle齿根高Dedendum斜齿锥齿轮Skew bevel gear；Helical bevel gear背锥角Back cone angle弦齿高Chordal height曲面齿锥齿轮Curved tooth bevel gear 齿顶角Addendum angel固定弦齿高Constant chord height弧齿锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear齿根角Dedendum angle齿宽Facewidth摆线齿锥齿轮Enicycloid bevel gear任意点压力角Pressure angle at a point有效齿宽Effective facewidth零度齿锥齿轮Zerot bevel gear任意点螺旋角Spiral angle at a point端面齿厚Transverse tooth thickness圆柱齿轮端面齿轮副Contrate gear pair中点螺旋角Mean spiral angle法向齿厚Normal tooth thickness锥齿轮的当量圆柱齿轮Virtual cylindrical gear of bevel gear大端螺旋角Outer spiral angle端面基圆齿厚Transverse base thickness8字啮合锥齿轮Octoid gear小端螺旋角Inner spiral angle法向基圆齿厚Normal base thickness圆柱齿弧锥齿轮Spiral bevel gear with circle arc tooth profile 蜗杆WormPineneedle 050328端面弦齿厚Transverse chordal tooth thickness分度圆锥面Reference cone蜗轮Worm wheel固定弦齿厚Constant chord节圆锥面Pitch cone蜗杆副Worm gear pair端面齿顶厚Crest width齿顶圆锥面Face cone；tip cone圆柱蜗杆Cylindrical worm法向齿顶厚Normal crest width齿根圆锥面Root cone圆柱蜗杆副Cylindrical worm pair端面齿槽宽Transverse spacewidth背锥面Back cone环面蜗杆Enveloping worm法向齿槽宽Normal spacewidth前锥面Front cone环面蜗杆副Enveloping worm pair齿厚半角Tooth thickness half angle中锥面Middle cone阿基米德蜗杆Straight sided axial worm；ZA-worm 槽宽半角Spacewidth half angle分锥顶点Reference cone apex渐开线蜗杆Involute helicoid worm；ZI-worm压力角Pressure angle轴线交点Crossing point of axes法向直廓蜗杆Straight sided normal worm；ZN-worm 齿形角Nominal pressure angle公共锥顶Common apex锥面包络圆柱蜗杆Milled helicoid worm；ZK-worm圆弧圆柱蜗杆Arc-contact worm；hollow flank worm；ZC-worm齿根圆环面Root tosoid椭圆齿轮Elliptical gear直廓环面蜗杆Enveloping worm with straight line grneratrix；TA worm 咽喉面Gorge非圆齿轮副Non-circular gear pair平面蜗杆Planar worm wheel；P-worm wheel喉平面Gorge plane圆柱针轮副Cylindsical lantern pinion and wheel平面包络环面蜗杆Planar double enveloping worm；TP-worm喉圆Gorge circle针轮Cylindsical tan tein gear ；pin-wheel平面二次包络蜗杆Planar double-enveloping worm wheel；TP-worm wheel分度圆蜗旋线Reference helix谐波齿轮副Harmoric gear drive锥面包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm wheel；TK-worm wheel螺纹Thread波发生器Wave generator渐开线包络环面蜗杆Toroid enveloping worm hich involute holicoid generatrix；TI-worm蜗杆齿宽Worm facewidth柔性齿轮Flexspine锥蜗杆Spiroid蜗轮齿宽Worm wheel facewidth 刚性齿轮Circular spline锥蜗轮Spiroid gear直径系数Diametral quotient非圆齿轮Non-circular gear Pineneedle 050328锥蜗杆副Spiroid gear pair咽喉半径Gorge radius分度圆环面Reference tosoid中平面Mid-plane齿宽角Width angle。