it形式宾语的动词

英语“it”作形式宾语的动词

think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard/take it for granted /see to...

hate/like/appreciate/enjoy/love/dislike/prefer/have/put take...

(like,have,take,put等v常见于v-it-that...；其他v常见于v-it-if/when...)

sentence patterns:

1.S+find/think/feel...+it+possible/necessary/important...+(for sb.)to do sth./clause.

2.S+V+it+a rule/one’s duty/an hour...+(for sb.)to do sth./clause.

3.S+V+it+no good/no use+doing sth.

1.I find it pleasant to work with him.

(it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to work with him)

我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。

2.They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.

（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to finish the work in such a short time）

他们认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。

3.She thinks it her duty to help us.

（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to help us）

她觉得帮助我们是她的责任。

4.I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.

（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to be invited to speak here）

我觉得应邀在这儿演讲是我的荣耀。

5.Tom didn’t find it difficult to write letters in Chinese.

（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to write letters in Chinese）

汤姆发现用汉语写信不难。

6.All these noises made it impossible for me to go on with the work.

（it 作形式宾语，代替不定式短语to go on with the work）

这些噪音使我无法继续工作。

7.I took it for granted that they were not coming.

我想他们准是不会来的了。

8.I’ll see to it that everything is ready in time.

我负责使一切都按时准备好。

一、基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”：

I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。

I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。

We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。

二、几种特殊的形式宾语

通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语却比较特殊，其后没有宾语补足语。

1. 动词+ it + that-从句

I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。

I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。

You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。

Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。

【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。

2. 动词 + it + when (if)-从句

I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。

We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。

I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work.要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。

【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。

3. 动词 + prep + it + that-从句

See to it that you’re not late again.注意千万不要再迟到。

Look to it that this doesn’t happen again.注意不要再发生这种事。

I can’t answer for it that he will come.我不能保证他会来。

You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you.你放心，他会来接你的。

【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

4. 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句

I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。

I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。

【注】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for grant ed, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb等。

5.动词+it+V-ed

I heard it said that that factory was found in 1995.

They haven’t made it known where the meeting is to take place.