被动语态详解+例句
【英语】被动语态详解+例句
【英语】被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1．— Can we play basketball in the school gym?— No, it ______ during the summer holidays.A．is repaired B．is being repairedC．was repaired D．has been repaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句意：--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？--不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。
根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。
主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。
故选B。
2．The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A．elected B．settledC．developed D．contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。
elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。
故选B。
3．—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.— Oh，my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A．was expected B．will expectC．expected D．will be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。
句意：——经理出差回来了。
他正在问你要报告。
——哦，天哪，我还没完成呢。
但是本来预计他明天回公司。
根据语境，是过去预料他明天会回来，而且经理是被预计，故用一般过去时的被动。
文言文被动语态结构和例句
文言文被动语态结构详解及例句被动语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语是动作的接受者，而不是动作的执行者。
在文言文中，被动语态的使用比较常见，其结构通常是由“为”、“所”、“见”等词来表示。
下面我们将详细讲解文言文被动语态的结构及例句。
一、为+动词这种结构表示主语是动作的接受者，且强调动作本身。
常见的动词有“为”、“所”、“见”等。
1.为+动词这种结构是最常见的被动语态，表示主语是动作的接受者。
例句：兔不可复得，而身为宋国笑。
解释：兔子是不可能再次得到了，但是自己的身体却被宋国人笑话。
2.所+动词这种结构与“为+动词”相似，但是所强调的是动作的结果或状态。
例句：嬴闻如姬父为人所杀。
解释：嬴听说如姬的父亲被人杀了。
3.见+动词这种结构表示主语被动作所影响或产生了某种结果。
例句：君之病见风雨寒露，不避烈日。
解释：您的病表现在风雨寒露之中，不避开烈日。
二、其它被动语态结构1.受+动词这种结构表示主语接受到了某种动作或影响。
例句：受命以来，夙夜忧叹。
解释：自从接受命令以来，我日夜忧虑叹息。
2. 蒙+动词这种结构表示主语受到了某种动作或影响的影响或蒙蔽。
除了上述常见的被动语态结构，还有一些不太常见的被动语态结构，如“于+动词”、“见+动词+于”等。
3.于+动词这种结构表示主语是动作的接受者，且强调动作发生在某种场所或情况下。
例句：晋侯秦伯围郑，以其无礼于晋。
解释：晋侯和秦伯围攻郑国，因为郑国对晋国没有礼貌。
4. 见+动词+于这种结构表示主语被某种动作所影响或产生了某种结果，且强调动作发生在某种场所或情况下。
例句：吾长见笑于大方之家。
解释：我常常被有见识的人所嘲笑。
总之，文言文被动语态的结构比较复杂，但只要掌握了常见的结构及用法，就能够正确理解文言文中的被动语态。
同时，要注意被动语态与主动语态的区别，以免产生误解。
被动语态的例子
被动语态的例子以下是 8 条关于被动语态的例子：1. 哎呀，我的手机被摔坏了！就像我的心被伤了一样。
例子：The phone was broken by me.（手机被我摔坏了。
）2. 你看，那扇门被关上了呀！这感觉就像是通往某个神秘世界的入口被封闭了。
例子：The door was closed.（门被关上了。
）3. 哇塞，这个惊喜被她发现啦！真像精心隐藏的宝藏被找到了。
例子：The surprise was discovered by her.（惊喜被她发现了。
）4. 糟糕，我的秘密被他知道了！那可好比我的隐私城堡被攻破了一样。
例子：My secret was known by him.（我的秘密被他知道了。
）5. 嘿嘿，这顿饭被妈妈做好了耶！仿佛一顿美味的盛宴被呈现在我们面前。
例子：The meal was cooked by mom.（这顿饭被妈妈做好了。
）6. 呀，那只小狗被车撞到了啊！好像它的小世界被突然打乱了。
例子：The dog was hit by the car.（那只小狗被车撞到了。
）7. 天呐，我的作业被老师拿走了！就如同我精心创作的宝贝被夺走了。
例子：My homework was taken away by the teacher.（我的作业被老师拿走了。
）8. 哎呀呀，这场比赛被他们赢了呀！好似我们的冠军宝座被抢走了。
例子：The game was won by them.（这场比赛被他们赢了。
）观点结论：被动语态在生活中随处可见呢，它让我们的表达更加丰富多样呀！。
【英语】被动语态详解+例句
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。
考点:考查insist的用法
8．103．When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the National Games are to be held then.
9．Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.
A．design B．had designed
C．were designed D．have been designed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
7．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
A．should be; be operated on
B．were; must be operated on
C．be; was operated on
A．will be constructing B．will have been constructed
C．has been constructing D．is being constructed
被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)
被动语态讲解及练习一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：例：⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主谓宾→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.主谓介词短语⑵Ｗe laughed at him .→He was laughed at by us.二：时态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时is done He is asked to do this.一般过去时was done The story was told by her mother.一般将来时will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在进行时is being done The novel is being written.过去进行时was being done At that time the desk was being made.现在完成时has been done The house has been built.过去完成时had been done They said that their work had been finished. 过去将来时would be done He said the trees would be planted soon.三、被动语态的各种句型：１、Ｔhe song is liked by young people. (肯定句)２、Ｔhe song isn’t liked by young people（否定句）３、Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）４、Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?（特殊疑问句）四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语⑵动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态)⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger.→A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)五、特殊句型的被动语态：1 含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel 等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。
被动语态详解+例句
被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1．It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people.A．are blamed B．was to blame C．was blamed D．were to blame【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。
句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for…表示“应受责备，应对……负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语the natural disaster，是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用was to blame，故选B项。
2．________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.A．Having explained B．Having been explainedC．Though it was explained D．It was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。
3．The two nurses ________ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.A．rewarded B．would be rewardedC．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。
被动语态（讲解）
被动语态1：英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
语态的作⽤：语态是动词的⼀种形式，⽤来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。
语态的选⽤：如果主语是动作的执⾏者，谓语⽤主动语态。
例如：We clean the room every day.如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要⽤被动语态。
例如：The room is cleaned every day.2:被动语态的各种形式1) am/is/are +doneeg：I'm asked to take care of myself.eg：Football is played all over the world.2）has /have been doneeg：This book has been translated into many foreign languages.eg：The prices of many goods have been cut again .3）am/is /are being doneeg：A road is being built around the mountain.eg：Many new houses are being built in this city.4） was/were doneeg1：This house was built in 1958.eg2：His leg was broken in an accident.5） had been doneeg1：A new school had been set up by the end of last year.eg2：When the anthem had been played the conference began.6) was/were being doneeg1： meeting was being held when I was there.eg2：We were being trained this time last year.7) shall/will be doneeg1：More factories will be built in our city.eg2：He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.8) shall/will have been doneeg1：The project will have been completed before July.eg2：Your clothes shall have been made for you soon.9) should/would be doneeg1：He told me that his new cloths would be made by his mother.10) should/would have been doneeg1：He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.3:主动形式表⽰被动意义1）及物动词的不及物⽤法：主语通常是物，且有着某种内在的特点。
英语被动语态例句与讲解
英语被动语态例句与讲解【典型例句呈现】1. The students are made to write a composition every other day.2. Thousands of people got killed in the Indian Ocean Tsunami.3. Effective measures have to be taken to combat bird flu.4. The poem reads smoothly.5. I am very surprised at your response.6. The flowers are being watered.7. They were reported to have been sent into the moon last year.8. More trees will be planted in spring next year.9. The exit sign may be stuck on the side door.10. Generally speaking, no one likes being made fun of in public.【用法小结】1. 当动词不定式在一些动词后面作宾语补足语时，在被动语态中不能省略to，这组动词为感官动词（see, hear, watch, notice, observe 等）和使役动词（make, have 等）。
（例1）2. get 用于被动语态，相当于be。
(例2)3. 根据语境需要选择恰当的情态动词用于被动语态，表能力，义务，可能性等。
（例3，9）4. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意思。
(例4) 又如：(1) Cotton doesn’t dry quickly.(2) The door won’t shut.(3) The pen writes smoothly.5. 有些动词形式上是被动语态，但功能是形容词。
被动语态详解+例句
被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1．You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.A．has painted B．is paintedC．is being painted D．is painting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。
句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。
根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。
故C选项正确。
2．The new library ________; it will be open next year.A．had been built B．was builtC．was being built D．is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。
根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。
所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。
故选D。
3．Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth_________very well.A．has been told; washes B．had been told; washedC．was told; was washed D．had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。
主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。
句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。
故选B。
4．—It’s so humid these days!—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.A．will expect B．expectsC．will be expected D．is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。
被动语态的用法(有例句)
一、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。
如：The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有据报道It is reported that…据说It is said that…大家相信It is believed that…有人建议It is suggested that…二、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。
如：by Tom.Tom killed him. → He was killed（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意：They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。
被动语态详解+例句
一、单项选择被动语态
1．The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler
A．inspired B．prompted
C．rised D．insured
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
【答案】B
【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C；句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故选B。
点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。
11．—Have you moved into the new house?
C．will be expected D．is expected
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：——这些日子天气潮湿。——不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。
答案：C
8．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.
A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
一般现在时被动语态句子举例
一般现在时被动语态句子举例一、举例说明1. 被动语态句子是英语语法中的一种句子结构，用于强调动作的接受者或者主语的被动行为。
一般现在时的被动语态句子结构为：be 动词（am, is, are） + 过去分词。
2. 下面是10个符合要求的一般现在时被动语态句子的举例：1) 苹果被人们广泛种植和消费。
Apples are widely grown and consumed by people.2) 这些书被学生们用来学习。
These books are used by students for studying.3) 我们的建议被公司接受并采纳。
Our suggestions are accepted and adopted by the company.4) 这个问题被专家们认为是非常重要的。
This problem is considered to be very important by experts. 5) 新的产品被市场迅速接受并喜爱。
The new product is quickly accepted and loved by the market.6) 这个项目被政府投资并推动发展。
The project is invested and promoted by the government.7) 新闻报道被观众们广泛关注和讨论。
The news report is widely followed and discussed by the audience.8) 这个地方的美景被游客们纷纷称赞。
The beautiful scenery of this place is praised by tourists.9) 这首歌曲被很多人喜欢和传唱。
This song is liked and sung by many people.10) 所有的文件都被妥善保存和备份。
All the documents are properly stored and backed up.二、总结在一般现在时的被动语态句子中，be动词根据主语的人称和数变化，后接过去分词形式的动词。
各种时态的被动语态例句2页
各种时态的被动语态例句2页各种时态的被动语态举例如下：1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.5、一般将来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.。
被动语态的用法(有例句)
一、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。
如：The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有It is reported that…据报道It is said that…据说It is believed that…大家相信It is suggested that…有人建议二、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。
如：Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意：They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。
被动语态详解+例句
被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1．In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones ________ yet.A．haven’t built B．haven’t been built C．hadn’t built D．hadn’t been built 【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。
句意：在20世纪80年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混凝土的道路还没有建成。
根据语境可知，“混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在“there were only muddy roads”这一过去的动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时；build与concrete ones是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。
故选D。
2．—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A．serve B．is servingC．is being served D．has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。
3．The singer’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A．viewed B．has viewedC．was viewed D．has been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。
A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has viewed，现在完成式；D. has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。
【精品】被动语态详解+例句
【精品】被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1． in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.A．Being dressed; pick out B．Dressed; pick outC．Dressed; be picked out D．Having dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。
句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。
be dressed in穿着……，作状语表状态，故用dressed。
sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。
故B选项正确。
【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1.主语＋be +adj. +to do。
能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。
2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。
3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。
4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。
则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。
I have a meeting to attend today.5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。
6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。
7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。
8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。
被动语态详解+例句
C．realizedD．to realize
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times.有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。
6．—Are we about to have dinner?
—Yes，it ________ in the dining room.
A．serves B．is serving
C．is being served D．has been serving
【答案】C
【解析】
考查时态。因serve与it(dinner)是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的are about to(即将) have dinner和答语Yes可知，已“在”供应dinner了，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
A．will be constructing B．will have been constructed
C．has been constructing D．is being constructed
【答案】B
【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候，一个现代化的体育中心将已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语next August，排除C，D两项，再根据a modern sports center和construct是被动关系，排除A项，用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选B项。
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C．realizedD．to realize
2．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.
A．has discovered B．has been discovered
A．Having explainedB．Having been explained
C．Though it was explainedD．It was explained
【答案】D
【解析】
因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。
15．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”
A．is not pollutedB．would not be polluted
C．had not been pollutedD．would not have been polluted
【答案】B
【解析】
选B句意：如果我们早采取有力措施，现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，用would加动词原形。
被动语态详解+例句
一、单项选择被动语态
1．My brother and I have __________her birthday party.
A．been invitedB．been invited for
C．invited toD．been invited to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。
C．was told; was washedD．had been told; was washed
【答案】B
【解析】
考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的 wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。句意:随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。
【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。
10．----Have you telephoned your father?
--- Yes, heback next week.
A．is expectedB．expects
C．had discovered D．had been discovered
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。
3．The singer’s music videonearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.
【点睛】
could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。
16．People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.
11．Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.
A．was served B．will serve
C．is served D．served
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词serve之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为C。
12．8 students and 2 teachersat Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.
7．—Do you know why a meetingby the middle school teachers last Sunday?
—To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.
A．was held B．had been held
A．could have been rewardedB．must have been rewarded
C．should be rewardedD．need have been rewarded
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。
5．Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present.
A．were exhibited B．were being exhibited
C．are being exhibited D．are exhibited
C．will expectD．will be expected
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--你给你的父亲打电话了吗?—是的，他有望明年回来。这里sb be expected to do现在现在盼望明年回来，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，这里he应指的是父亲。根据句意故选A。
考点：考查动词时态及语态的用法。
【答案】D
【解析】
考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。
A．design B．had designed
C．were designed D．have been designed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。
14．________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.
C．has held D．held
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选A。句意：——你知道为什么上星期日中学老师召开会议吗？——要求更小班，每个班不超过25-30个学生。
8．Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.
13．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.
A．are trapping B．have been trapped
C．were trapping D．had been trapped
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语“at present”可知，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，主语artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。