词汇与语法1
初一英语词汇与语法Unit 1 名词
初一英语词汇与语法名词1.There is C popular in the world. （be unpopular with sb.不受某人的欢迎）A.many,musicB.a lot of ,thingsC.a lot of ,musicD.many ,things (be popular with sb.受某人欢迎) Much = a lot of +(可数名词复数形式，不可数名词) ; (glass: 杯子不可数名词；玻璃可数名词)2.Kitty doesn’t wear .（C ）.A. glass B.a pair of glass C.glasses（眼镜）D.a piece of glass3.I read English for every evening. （C ）A.hourB. a hourC. an hour D two hour4.It is fine today. Let is go for .（C ）. A. walk B. walks C.a walk D.walked5.I think math very usefull. （B ）A. am B.is C.be D.are6.There is a lot of to do . （C ）A. homeworksB.houseworksC.homeworkD.works7.She says that the woman has two . （C ）A. childB.childsC.childrenD.childes8.I am thirty ,please make for me . （C ）A. a teaB. teasC. a cup of teaD.a cup of teas9.My little brother is Grandpa,s . （D ）A. favoriterB.favoritesC. most favoritesD. favorite10.How many can you see? （D ）A. milksB.a glass of milkC.glasses of milksD.glasses of milk11.There are things in the shop. （C ）A. many of B.much of C.a lot of D.a lot12.They eat and we eat . （D ）A.bread,meatsB.breads,meatsC.breads,metD.bread,meat13.There are few in the bridge .Let,s go and buySome peas,carrots and cabbages. （D ）A. fruitB. eggsC.meatD. vegetables14.It,s verylate and now there is bus 。
北师大版七年级上册英语 Unit 1 词汇与语法基础(解析版)
知识图谱Unit 1 Family知识精讲一、必背词汇father n. 爸爸，父亲grandfather n.（外）祖父；爷爷；外公grandmother n.（外）祖母；奶奶；外婆mother n. 母亲，妈妈every adj. 每一个，每个day n. 一天，一日weekend n. 周末cousin n. 堂兄（弟、姐、妹）；表兄（弟、姐、妹）daughter n. 女儿granddaughter n.（外）孙女grandson n.（外）孙子husband n. 丈夫son n. 儿子wife n. 妻子call v. 召唤；把……叫做n. 打电话him pron. 他run v. 跑，奔跑same adj. 相同的age n. 年龄as adv. 如同sing v. 唱歌，演唱dance v. 跳舞live v. 住，居住；生活near prep. 在……附近，靠近visit v. 看望；参观；拜访them pron. 他们；她们；它们parent n. 父亲或母亲Mrs n. 太太，夫人grandparent n. （外）祖父；（外）祖母can v. 能，会；可以park n. 公园pretty adj.漂亮的；标致的short adj. 个字矮的，短的strong adj. 强壮的，强健的thin adj. 瘦的；薄的；细的young adj. 年轻的but conj. 而，但是……think v. 认为；想；思考pet n. 宠物clever adj. 聪明的leader n. 领导者；领袖basketball n. 篮球；篮球运动yum excl. 味道好，好吃hour n. 小时university n. 大学interest n. 兴趣；趣味v. 使感兴趣film n. 电影，影片soon adv. 很快，马上，不久else adv. 其他的；别的idea n. 主意，想法；看法whose det. 谁的food n. 食物bird n. 鸟world n. 世界二、重点词汇1. every determiner /ˈev.ri/1). used when referring to all the members of a group of three or more（3个或3个以上的人或事物组成的群体中的）每一个，每个；全部，整体例句：We’re open every day except Sunday.除了星期天我们每天都开门营业。
词汇与语法练习题(1)(可编辑修改word版)
1.How do you for coming late for the meeting？A）explain B）excuseC）describe D）account2.The mother was so at the news that she didn’t know what to do.A）admired B）amazedC）amused D）curious3.He likes to listen to music with the radio turned on at full .A）power B）voiceC）volume D）sound4.The coach must take a large of the blame for the failure of the football match.A）quantity B）numberC）share D）amount5.Although alone in the house，he was so busy with his research that he felt lonely.A）all but B）nothing butC）something but D）anything but6.The introduction of modern technique from abroad makes it necessary for skilled workers tounskilled workers.A）take place B）take overC）take down D）take the place of7.so few people in the street was unusual.A）For there to be B）As there to beC）For there being D）As there being8.There are signs Internet are becoming more and more popular with teenagers.A）that B）whoseC）what D）which，9.Bob had been on a meadow sprinkled with dandelion for a long time before he sat up. A）laid B）lyingC）lain D）laying10.Jill would rather that his girl friend in the same department as he does.A）studied B）should studyC）study D）had studied11.She had no objection to the airplane ticket which would send her to Geneva.A）to take B）taking C）of taking D）to taking12.I’m the impression that you’ve told me about it.A）into B）onC）of D）under13.In the summer holidays，they have a plan to go to movies at weekly .A）intervals B）basesC）gaps D）times14.I have decided to my smoking.A）cut up B）cut offC）cut across D）cut down15.Many of the imported planes have been lying for years because of the restrictions on the foreign spare parts.A）idle B）vacant C）empty D）hollow16.Electrical are（is）used to free people from the heavy housework.A）equipment B）facilitiesC）appliances D）apparatus17.The rain came on time and would certainly ease the feat the people of inland.A）to face B）face C）facing D）faces18.They bought a Yamaha piano at the price of 10，000 yuan. They liked it so much that they would have paid for it.A）twice as much B）as much twiceC）as twice much D）much as twice19.It was not until she had come downstairs remembered the keys were not with her.A）she B）when she C）that she D）and see20.Mike is very happy. His mark in the English examination is higher than in the classA）anyone’s B）anyone elseC）anyone else’s D）anyone’s else21.The first prize goes to makes the greatest contribution to the company.A）whomever B）whicheverC）no matter who D）whoever22.Society is a building，to the construction of every member brings a brick.A）that B）which C）it D）this23.The applicant filled in the form，but he didn’t know which office room .A）to send it to B）to be sent to C）to have it sent to D）to sent it24.Young he was，he was trusted with an important task.A）because B）althoughC）as D）since25.Tom broke the glass of the neighbor’s window. I’ll that he will not do it again.A）hope for B ）be sure C）see to it D）make it so26.T he new cars of the Volkswagon Company are now being at the rate of 1，000 every week.A）turned out B）turned downC）turned up D）turned on27.It was urgent that he her immediately.A）calls B）calledC）call D）would call28.I don’t going to the movie.A）feel for B）feel likeC）feel out D）feel29.The meeting drew to a late in the afternoon.A）near B）close C）point D）tail30.John regretted to the meeting last week.A）not going B）not go to C）not having been going D）not to be going91.I like reading (鲁迅的)works.92.(上海的街道) are not as wide as (北京的).93.The teacher has read (珍妮和汤姆的) compositions.94.The radio is (迈克和约翰的).95.The woman showed (母爱) for the little girl.96.My mother works at (一家药房).97.I like (他鞋子的颜色).98.We must get to (小ft脚下) before noon.99.Tonight I will have dinner at (我叔叔家).100.Tomorrow the newsman will visit (格林家).1.Her father works as a in a hotel and her mother a in a private company.A.cooker, typewriterB. cook, typistC. cooker, typistD. cook, typewriter2."Why couldn't they meet us at five o'clock?" "Because they were delayed by ."A.heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded trafficsShe is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in .A. heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics3.By all , you must try every to help him.A.mean, meanB. means, meansC. means, meanD. mean, meansIs [Are] there any other means of getting more money?4.Jim is person, and everyone is willing to be with him.A.so kind a, friendsB. so a kind, friendsC. so kind a, friendD. so a kind, friend5.She raised her finger to her lips as for silence.A.an ideaB. a markC. a signD. a word(1)Those black clouds are a sure that it's going to rain.A. thingB. markC. signD. one(2)Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a of good harvest next year.A. markB. trackC. signD. appearanceThe lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. mark so-tab-count;D. symbol6."May I take your order now?" "We'd like three black and two green."A.coffee, cupsB. coffees, teasC. cups of coffee, teaD. cup of coffees, teas1.Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, she was twenty��five.A.her first real success did not come untilB.her real first success came until not��C.since her first real success did not come untilD.not until her first real success2.You should know better than your little sister at home by herself.A.to leaveB. leavingC. to have leftD. left3.As the train will not leave until one hour later, we grab a bite at the snack bar.A.may wellB. just as well ��C. might as wellD. as well4.She resorted to when she had no money to buy foods for her children.A.have stolenB. stealC. stoleD. stealing5.The boy has admitted to the window while playing football yesterday.A.breakingB. having been broken ��C. breakD. be breaking1.It was requested that all of the equipment in the agreed time.A.erectedB. would be erected ?C. be erectedD. will be erected2.The man sitting opposite me smiled dreamily, as if something pleasant in the past.A.to rememberB. remembered?C. having been rememberedD. remembering3.I him the Christmas gift by mail because he came home during the Christmas holidays.A.ought to have sentB. couldn’t have sent ?C. must have sentD. needn’t have sent4.It turned out that the children were not for the accident.A.to blameB. to be blamed?C. to be blamingD. to have been blamed5.The desegregation was achieved through a number of struggles, been mentioned in previous chapters.A.a few of whichB. a few of them ?C. a few of thoseD. a few of that6.Setting up a committee might be a way the project more efficiently.A.to be doingB. doingC. to doD. being done7.It to see so many children in that mountainous area cannot even afford elementary education.A.p ains herB. makes her pain?C. is painingD. is pained8.Our boss, Mr. Thompson, a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.A.w as promisingB. has been promising?C. promisedD. has promised9.He was determined to sail around the world his illness and old age.A.givenB. althoughC. despiteD. in spite10.The board deemed it’s urgent that these invitations first thing tomorrow morning.A.had to be put in the mail ?B. must be put in the mailC. be put in the mail?D. should have been put in the mail11.drills that have no real topic have to remainas they are.A.ManufactureB. Manipulative?C. ManipulateD.Manifest12.This book has been in the works so long that I have lost of most of the sources found for me by the staff of the library.A.traceB. trailC. trackD. touch13.The elbows on your coat have worn thin, so I must them.A.mendB. patchC. repairD. pitch14.and wage increases have not kept in step.A.ProductionB. Product?C. ProduceD. Productivity15.People under stress have performed feats of strength, like lifting an automobile off an accident victim.A.specificB. extraordinaryC. abruptD. abnormal16.Modern appliances us from a good deal of household work.For instance, the dryer frees us from hanging the laundry.A.escape B . benefit C. liberate D. comfort17.The audience waited in silence while their aged speaker searched among his note for the figures he could not remember.A.respectiveB. respectC. respectfulD. respectable18.The disappearance of her paper has never been .A.counted forB. looked up ?C.accounted forD. checked up19.When he was asked about the missing briefcase, the man ever seeing it.A.refusedB. deniedC. opposedD. resistedmunication between a young couple is a(n) business.A.sharpB. dreadfulC. intenseD. delicate21.After so many weeks without rain, the ground quickly the little rain that fell last night.A. skippedB. soakedC. retrievedD. absorbed22.We’ll you as soon as we have any further information.A.notifyB. signify?C. communicateD. impart23.The fox fell into the the hunters had set forit.A.bushB. trapC. trickD. circle24.I don’t know you want to keep the letter. I’ve it up.A.tornB. givenC. brokenD. disposed25.The old lady and fell from the top of the stairs to the bottom.A.slidedB. slippedC. splitD. spilled1.Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.A.being combinedB. having combined ?C. to combineD. combined2.Physics is the present?day equivalent of used to be called natural philosophy, frommost of present day science arose.A.which, whatB. that, whichC. what, whichD. what, that3.On no account ever leave the baby at home alone.A.should youB. you shouldC. shall youD. you shall4.the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.A.It is the sun and not the earth ?B. That the sun and not the earthC. Being the sun and not the earth ?D. The sun and not the earth5.The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it , was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.A.was turned outB. was being turned out?C. being turned outD. turned out6.I’d rather you by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.A.wentB. should goC. will goD. go7.Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the rise of Nazism ? he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.A.whenB. whoC. thenD. which8.Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country find a place to settle down.A.can heB. he canC. heD. for him to9.With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot even walk, run.A.let aloneB. that’s to say ?C. not to speakD. not to mention10. , she led a life of complete seclusion.A. Being disgracedB. DisgracedC. DisgracingD. She was disgraced11.Sometimes a bus gets on the bus to check the tickets.A.agentB. officerC. conductorD. inspector12.He made a quick from his illness.A.reliefB. recoveryC. survivalD. relaxation13.the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.A.WhileB. Even thoughC. Now thatD. For14.My cousin Nancy is often in a poisonous mood; I suppose it’s because she is child.A.oneB. a loneC. a singleD. an only15.the factors already referred to, people sometimes feel insecure because their motives are misunderstood by others.A.But forB. Except forC. Apart fromD. Except that16.If the scheme is carried out without waste of time or energy I shall be completely satisfied.A.relativelyB. noticeably ?C. appropriatelyD. efficiently17.One day we all may find it useful to have a(n) for sending documents, writing any pictures across the telephone lines.A.receiverB. echoC. extensionD. facility18.To their credit the Department of Energy these ideas and funded a detailed study.A.took overB. took onC. took upD. took to19.Feeling that she was in the right, she took at the dirty remark.A.protectionB. offenseC. defenseD. guard20.They agreed to share in common any of funds after all expenses were paid in full.A.sufficiencyB. surpassC. excessD. surplus21.He was her in intelligence.A.belowB. underC. beneathD. down22.It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an plan.A.brightB. cleverC. brilliantD. ingenious23.In the refining process, rice and flour lose much of their .A.acidB. alcoholC. vitaminD. sulphur24.Individual lines of the poem were very beautiful, but I didn’ t see how the lines fit together. To me, the poem wasn’t .A. inherentB. coherentC. logicalD. corporate25.To an especially sensitive child, a simple scolding can be a experience.A.hystericalB. grievousC. graciousD. sensible1.All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants wild.A.that once growB. once they grow?C. they once grewD. once grew2.By the time you graduate, we in Australia for one year.A.will be stayingB. will have stayed ?C. would have stayedD. have stayed3.He appreciated the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium onComparative Literature.A.having givenB. to have been given?C. to have givenD. having been given4.The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.A.on which to baseB. which to be based onC. to base on whichD. on which to be based5.Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, ? ? water shortage is the worst. A. not to mention B. of which? C. let alone D. for what6.Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A.s o thatB. but thatC. provided thatD. in that7.Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives, stress.A.s o isB. as it isC. and so isD. the same is8.Victor took a bus and headed for home, if his wife would have him back.A.not to knowB. not known ?C. not knowingD. not having known9.We can make an exception .A.in any case of JohnB. in case of John ?C. in case of John’sD. in the case of John10.When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father college.A.attendedB. had been attending?C. was attendingD. has been attending11.My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.A.indiscriminateB. choosy ?C. indefiniteD. picky12.“ This house is more than the federal government!” Mac complained to his parents. “You have rules for everything.”A. systematicB. democraticC. bureaucraticD. public13.The American people’s of being polite is different from that held here in China.A.mindB. concept?C. considerationD. thought14.Well, that is probably all I can say about sports. Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other activities.A.refreshmentB. entertainment ?C. pleasureD. leisure15.Where there is an earthquake, energy is in one area along a crack in the earth crust.A.repelledB. releasedC. runD. rushed16.The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a in the garden.A.barnB. roomC. hutD. shed17.I’ve got a big coffee on the front of my dress.A.poreB. patchC. stainD. grease18.She broke her leg, but the healed quickly.A.fractureB. injuryC. skeletonD. cavity19.You’d better add them up. I’m not good at .A.figuresB. charactersC. summariesD. counters20.The girl chose some very pretty paper for the present.A.coveringB. wrappingC. packingD.collecting21.The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours ? last night.A.at lengthB. in fullC. on endD. in time22.I can’t read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin. They are too .A.faintB. foggyC. transparentD. misty23.A highly organized system of irrigation is Chinese agriculture.A.typical ofB. consistent with?C. famous forD. subject to24.Jack is very about wines.A.awareB. knowledgeable ?C. learnedD. informed25.As for Ann, I am not sure about her in Italian.A.fluencyB. clarityC. coherenceD. excellency41.She did her work her manager had instructed.A.asB. untilC. whenD. though42.of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A.NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All43.For some time now, world leaders out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A.had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed44.Have you ever been in a situation you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A.by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where45.We’ve just installed two air-conditions in out apartment, should make great differences in our life next summer.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they46.AID is said the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.A.being b. to be C. to have been D. having been47.She managed to save she could out of her wages to help her brother.A.how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money48.Fool Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.A.whoB. asC. thatD. like49.The experiment requires more money than .A.have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in50.for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A.Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not51.“ What courses are you going to do next semester?”“ I don’t know. But its about time on something.”A.I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding52.The police have offered a large for information leading to the robbers arrest.A.awardB. compensationC. prizeD. reward53.I arrives at the airport so late that I missed the plane.A.onlyB. quiteC. narrowlyD. seldom54.The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completelyA.unjustifiedB. unjustC. misguidedD. unaccepted55.The head of the Museum was and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.A.promisingB. agreeingC. pleasingD. obliging56.The multinational corporation was making a take-over for a property company.A.applicationB. bidC. proposalD. suggestion57.The party’s reduced vote was of lack of support for its policies.A.indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident58.There has been a lack of communication between the union and the management.A.regretfulB. regrettableC. regrettingD. regretted59.The teacher expects his students to pass the university entrance examinationA.confidentlyB. proudlyC. assuredlyD. confidently60.The family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.A.normalB. averageC. usualD. general61.The new colleague to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.A. confessB. declaresC. claimsD. confirms62.During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few from the novel.A.piecesB. essaysC. fragmentsD. extracts63.During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) room in the hotels here.A.emptyB. vacantC. freeD. deserted64.The old couple will never the loss of their son.A.get overB. get awayC. get offD. get across65.Scientific research results can now be quickly to factory production.edB. appliedC. triedD. practiced。
2023中职高考英语二轮复习词汇与语法专项训练一
解析
D 考查介词。be angry with sb. at/about sth.意为“因某事而 生某人的气”。故选D。
B) 从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( ) 18. The old woman is made _______ another house to live in.
A.个别的 B.各自的 C.干净的 D.宽敞的
解析
B 句意：孩子们睡在各自干净的房间里。他们不喜欢在同一个 房间里睡觉。
A) 从A、B、C、D中选出句中画线的单词或词组的意义。
( ) 7. It is not merely a job, but a way of life. A.仅仅 B.而且 C.很少 D.不远
A.节省 B.考试 C.考查 D.需要
解析 B 句意：在他们学习结束时，他们将参加期末考试。
A) 从A、B、C、D中选出句中画线的单词或词组的意义。
( ) 6. The children sleep in separate rooms which are very clean. They don’t like sleeping in the same room.
A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
解析
C 考查非谓语动词。be made to do sth. 意为“被迫做某事”。 句意为：“这个老妇人被迫要再找一个房子住。”故选C。
B) 从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( ) 19. The room is dirty. It _______ for a few days.
人教版七年级上册英语Unit1 词汇与语法(含答案)
人教,版,七年级,上册,英语,Unit1,词汇,与,语法,一、必背词汇name /neim/ n. 名字；名称nice /nais/ adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的to /tu:/ 常用于原形动词之前，该动词为不定式meet /mi:t/ v. 遇见；相逢too /tu:/ adv. 也；又；太your /jɔ:/ pron. 你的；你们的Ms. /miz/ (于女子的姓名前，不指明婚否)女士his /hiz/ pron. 他的an d /ænd/ conj. 和；又；而her /hə:/ pron, 她的yes /jes/ interj. 是的；可以she /ʃi:/ pron. 她he /hi:/ pron. 他no /nəu/ interj. 不；没有；不是not /nɔt/ adv. 不；没有zero /'ziərəu/ num. 零telephone /'telifəun/ n. 电话；电话机number /'nʌmbə/ n.号码；数字phone /fəun/ n. 电话；电话机telephone/phone number 电话号码first /fə:st/ adj.第一first name 名字last /la:st/ adj. 最后的；末尾的last name 姓friend /frend/ n. 朋友China /'tʃainə/ 中国middle /'midl/ adj. 中间的；中间school /sku:l/ n. 学校middle school 中学；初中二、重点词汇1. nice adjective /naɪs/1). pleasant, enjoyable, or satisfactory 愉快的；美好的；满意的例句：Did you have a nice trip? 你假期过得愉快吗？Have a nice day/time! 祝你度过愉快的一天／过得愉快！2). kind, friendly, or polite 好心的；友善的；有礼貌的例句：I wish you'd be nice to your brother. 我希望你会好好对待你弟弟。
词汇化与语法化[1]
![词汇化与语法化[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/054cd122647d27284b7351d7.png)
要是受Talmy上述假说的影响。他通过跨语言对比发现,不同的语言对某一特定的运动事件
类型所进行的词汇化方式不同,认为据此可以将语言分为具有普遍类型学意义的两种分类:
卫星框架的语言和动词框架的语言。卫星框架的语言包括英语(不包括罗曼语在内的大多数
秀芳、张谊生、徐时仪、陆丙甫、陈昌来、戴耀晶先生,一并致以诚挚谢意。错疏之处概由笔者负责。库最好理解为总藏( inventory),它包含了所有能产与非能产、实义或非实义的形式。词库是
一个非能产、半能产、能产的连续体,相应地也是从词汇性到语法性的连续体。从共时看,
合词汇性与合语法性存在一个斜坡(cline),合词汇性处于半能产与非能产之间,取决于组构
法性、词汇化尤其是词汇化与语法化的关系等方面对国外语言学界新近成果进行综述。
关键词 词汇化语法化语言演变
1.引言
词汇化(lexicalization)和语法化(grammaticalization)是语言演变的两个重要方面,近年来
已成为国内外语言学界关注的焦点。随着研究的深入开展,一些问题也随之而来:一些语言
《当代语言学》第12卷2010年第1期53-61页,北京
词汇化与语法化*
刘红妮复旦大学
提要 词汇化和语法化是语言演变的两个重要方面,二者的关系是当前语言学界关注的热点和
难点。词汇化和语法化存在一定的中间区域,容易引起争议。二者既有相同之处,也有不同之处。
不同观点的产生归根结底在于对语法和语言演变等基本理论持有不同看法。本文从词汇性与语
要探讨词汇化与语法化,就不能不谈到与之密切相关的词汇性( lexicality)与语法性
英语语法结构与词汇1
通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。
Along the northern border of Italy ___ seen
the Alps, mighty in ____ splendor. A. are their B. is its C. are its D. is their 答案是A， 这是个倒装句。一般语序是The Alps, mighty in their splendor, are seen along the ....
关系代词
限定性 vs 非限定性 She married Joe, which surprised everyone.
This company has now introduced a policy
____ pay rises are related to performance at work.(1996, 44) Which where whether what
There ought to be less anxiety over the
perceived risk of mountain climbing than __ in the public mind today. (1999 46) A exists B exist C existing D to exist 登山具有危险性，但是由此产生的恐惧没 有像如今公众心里所想象的那么严重。
order proposal suggestion preference recommendation demand necessity request
通常情况下，在非真实条件句中主
高校自主招生英语备考专题--词汇与语法1(名词,形容词副词和介词)
教师辅导讲义A. deputyB. ambassadorC. representativeD. envoy13.There will be a new fleet of 11 frigates and air-warfare destroyers, equipped, like the submarines, with _______missiles.A. voyageB. cruiseC. journeyD. excursion14.I think no more significant _______ has Apollo made to history.A. effortB. attemptC. contributionD. propagation15.I accepted without_______ what he had said as true.A. reservesB. restrictionC. reservationD. definition16.As it was her first_______for stealing, she was given a less severe sentence.A. judgmentB. imprisonmentC. convictionD. penalty17.They did a_______ performance on the first night to raise money for AIDS research.A. allowanceB. compensationC. subsidyD. charity18.A new study shows that another treatment may have better results for patients who were not helped by drug _______.A. therapyB. cureC. remedyD. recipe19.Knowledge of languages is a real _______ in this sort of work.A. assetB. helpC. benefactorD. partnercation was placed firmly on the political_______ in the Prime Minister's weekend speech.A. shiftB. catalogueC. repertoireD. agenda21.People over the age of 85 make up the fastest-growing population _______.A. segmentB. pieceC. portionD. fragment22.Evidence suggested that the AIDS _______ was spreading very quickly among the heterosexual community.A. bacteriaB. organismC. fungusD. virus23.There are three _______ of accommodation —standard, executive and deluxe.A. hierarchyB. cataloguesC. categoriesD. species24.Can any actor in this sorry drama do anything to improve the _______?A. outlineB. sketchC. scriptD. draft25.This tennis tournament is open to both _______ and professionals.A. amateursB. laymenC. fencersD. boxers26.The bomb killed four soldiers and three _______.A. citizensB. populaceC. civiliansD. commonplaces27.It's her feeling that the recent outbreaks of violence are a _______of the dissatisfaction that is currently affecting our society.A. symptomB. omenC. warningD. prospect28.Life is a _______to him who thinks and a tragedy to him who feels.A. comedyB. remedyC. melodyD. tragedy29.On the back of the book there is a brief biographical _______ of the author.A. sketchB. cartoonC. cartonD. caption30.What you have just said is not in _______with what you told us yesterday.A. favorB. stepC. allianceD. accord答案与解析：1.B。
英语词汇语法归纳
英语词汇语法归纳英语词汇与语法归纳英语词汇和语法是学习英语的基础，它们相互依存，共同构建了我们对英语的理解和应用能力。
在本文中，我将对英语词汇和语法进行归纳总结，帮助读者更好地掌握和运用英语。
一、英语词汇归纳1. 名词（Noun）名词是表示人、事、物、地点、抽象概念等的词，它通常可以单数和复数形式。
名词的形式变化有时根据规则进行，有时则需要记忆。
- 单数形式：book（书）、cat（猫）- 复数形式：books（书籍）、cats（猫咪）2. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、状态或存在的词。
英语动词有时态和语态的变化，也有不规则动词需要单独记忆。
- 时态变化：play（玩）→ played（玩过）→ will play（将要玩）- 语态变化：write（写）→ is written（被写）3. 形容词（Adjective）形容词是用来描述名词特征或性质的词，它可以放在名词前或后。
- 放在名词前：a beautiful girl（一个漂亮的女孩）- 放在名词后：the girl is beautiful（这个女孩很漂亮）4. 副词（Adverb）副词是用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词的词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
- 修饰动词：He speaks English fluently（他英语说得很流利）- 修饰形容词：She is extremely beautiful（她非常漂亮）5. 介词（Preposition）介词用于表示位置、方向、时间、方法等关系。
在句子中通常与其他词搭配使用。
- 位置关系：in the box（在盒子里）- 方向关系：go to school（去学校）- 时间关系：at 5 o'clock（在五点）二、英语语法归纳1. 时态（Tense）英语时态用来表示动作发生的时间。
常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
- 一般现在时：I play football every day（我每天踢足球）- 一般过去时：I played football yesterday（昨天我踢了足球）- 一般将来时：I will play football tomorrow（明天我将踢足球）2. 语态（Voice）英语语态用来表示句子中动作的主动与被动关系。
NECCS词汇与语法专项练习(一)
NECCS词汇与语法专项练习（一）1.He was made______the woman______breaking the window.A.to apologize to;forB.to be apologizing to; forC.apologizing for;toD.apologize for;for解析：Abe made to do，被迫做某事、被要求做某事，是make sb do sth 的被动式。
------------------------2.There was plenty of time.He______.A.mustn’t have hurriedB.couldn’t have hurriedC.must not hurryD.needn’t have hurried解析：Dneedn’t have hurried.表示：本不必匆忙①needn't = need not. 这里的need是情态动词。
表示“没必要做……”，一般用作对用must提问的疑问句的否定中。
比如说：Must I clean the room?我必须清扫房间吗？No, you needn't.不，你不必。
②need“不必做”和“本不该做"”didn't need to do表示：过去不必做某事，事实上也没做。
needn't have done表示：过去不必做某事，但事实上做了。
------------------------3.Do you think the bad weather will______?I______.A.go on;don’t hope soB.keep up;hope notC.take up;don’t think soD.keep on;think not解析：Bkeep up与baikeep on的区别：①后面接的词性不一样：keep on后面接动名词；keep up后面接名词②意思不一样keep up: 保持,继续,维持；keep on: 继续进行(接连,反复,继续)③都指保持时，保持的连续性不同keep on 是中间间断后又继续做；例句：Should i just keep on chasing pavements ?或者坚持这条路？keep up 是一直继续做例句：I keep up correspondence with my college friends.我一直跟我大学时代的朋友通信。
人教版九年级上册英语 Unit 1 词汇与语法基础(解析版)
知识图谱Unit 1 How can we become good learners?知识精讲一、必背词汇textbook n. 教科书；课本conversation n. 交谈；谈话aloud adv. 大声地；出声地pronunciation n. 发音；读音sentence n. 句子patient adj. 有耐心的n. 病人expression n. 表达（方式）；表示discover v. 发现；发觉secret n. 秘密；秘诀adj. 秘密的；保密的grammar n. 语法repeat v. 重复；重做note n. 笔记；记录v. 注意；指出pal n. 朋友；伙伴pattern n. 模式；方式physics n. 物理；物理学chemistry n. 化学partner n. 搭档；同伴pronounce v. 发音increase v. 增加；增长speed n. 速度ability n. 能力；才能brain n. 大脑active adj. 活跃的；积极的attention n. 注意；关注connect v.（使）连接；与⋯⋯有联系overnight adv. 一夜之间；在夜间review v. & n. 回顾；复习knowledge n. 知识；学问wisely adv. 明智地；聪明地二、重点词汇1. aloud adv.in a voice loud enough to be heard例句：He read her letter aloud to the rest of the family.他把她的信大声读给家人听。
2. discover v.to find information, a place, or an object, especially for the first time（尤指首次）发现，找到例句：We searched all morning for the missing papers and finally discovered them in a drawer.我们一上午都在找那些失踪的文件，最后终于在一个抽屉里找到了。
大学英语b第3部分词汇与语法 (1)
1. –The workers are busy___D____models for the exhibition.那些工人在忙着为展览会做模型。
A. to makeB. with makingC. being makingD. making2. -It was well known that Thomas Edison ____B____ the electric lamp.大家都知道托马斯.爱迪生发明了电灯。
A. discoveredB. inventedC. foundD. developed3. -She wonders ____D____will happen to her private life in the future.她不知道未来在她私人生活中会发生什么事。
A. thatB. itC. thisD. what4. -The higher the temperature, ____A____the liquid evaporates.温度越高，液体蒸发得越快。
A. the fasterB. the more fastC. the slowerD. the more slower5. -Australia is one of the few countries ____C____ people drive on the left of the road.澳大利亚是少数几个沿左侧开车的国家之一。
A. whichB. thatC. whereD. on which6. -Sunday is the day ____A____people usually don’t go to work.星期天是人们通常不上班的日子。
A. whenB. whichC. in whichD. that7. -____B___you know,David has been well lately.正像你所知道的那样，David近来身体很好。
翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(一)
翻译三级笔译综合能力-词汇和语法(一)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、(总题数：100，分数：100.00)1.During the famine, many people were ______ to going without food for days.（分数：1.00）A.sunkB.reduced √C.forcedD.declined解析：[解析] reduce常与to连用，用于被动句，表示“被迫沦落为……”的意思。
如：She was reduced to begging. 她被迫乞讨。
be forced to指“强制，迫使”，不符合句意。
故答案为B。
2.The encouraging factor is that the ______ majority of people find the idea of change acceptable.（分数：1.00）A.numerousB.vast √C.mostD.massive解析：[解析] 本题考查词语搭配。
四个选项中只有vast可以与majority、搭配。
3.Am I to understand that his new post ______ no responsibility with it at all?（分数：1.00）A.keepsB.supportsC.carries √D.possesses解析：[解析] 从句意上可先排除A、B。
carry指“带有、持有(权利或凭证)”；possess“占有、拥有”，主语一般为人。
此处从句主语为post，所以答案为C。
4.At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not ______.（分数：1.00）A.on viewB.at a glanceC.on the sceneD.in sight √解析：[解析] 根据句意可判断出答案为D。
大学英语词汇与语法练习题1(含答案)
姓名____________ 班级____________ 学号____________词汇与语法11）Now the president ________ that inflation was a much more serious threat to the sliding national economy and that what was needed was a much tighter control of the money supply and the budget deficit.A . proclaimedB . supportedC . exclaimedD . sustained2）When being checked at customs, I am ________ make a declaration of all purchases and gifts acquired in the country.A . engaged toB . resolved toC . obliged toD . committed to3）The average life ________ for Americans is now more than 74 years because of their more active lifestyles and good medical care for senior citizens.A . potentialB . expectationC . spanD . length4）It’s not ________ that he should be assigned to the job since he is new and has no experience at all in this particular field.A . advisoryB . advisableC . advisedD . advising5）You will have to ________ yourse lf to a completely new life in college because it’s a lot different from high school.A . appealB . applyC . thrust intoD . adjust6）Due to the unpredictable changes of weather, we bought an extra supply of coal ________ of a severe winter.A . in anticipationB . in obligationC . in associationD . in cooperation7）Mr. Collins argues that it is unrealistic for his secretary to do anything for any real purpose before she has reached the level of ________ with computers.A . proficiencyB . accuracyC . sufficiencyD . deficiency8）It was ________ the efforts made by the two sides that the intense conflicts have given way tocooperation in the end.A . owe toB . due toC . becauseD . since9）Repeated failures lead to success and prove to be ________ to us as we experiment every day to find out the right way of doing things.A . substantialB . influentialC . beneficialD . potential10）Though having been living in the States for more than 10 years, she still has a ________ British accent when she talks.A . sensitiveB . narrativeC . distinctiveD . representative11）I don’t like going to these magnificent restaurants. There are always a lot of people; ________, it’s too expensive and takes too long to get the seat.A . thereforeB . somehowC . neverthelessD . moreover12）The combination of virtual and traditional learning will ________ the scope of every lesson and increase the students’ interest.A . exceedB . expandC . exploreD . exhaust13）Sometimes the real antique and the imitated one are nearly the same and even the experts would find it hard to ________ them.A . disapproveB . diagnoseC . disregardD . distinguish14）There are many well-known professors in our university, of which he is the most ________ one in his specialized field.A . distrustfulB . distinguishedC . disgracefulD . different15）A suspected man may deny a charge, but his fingerprints can ________ him even when there is nothing else to even say who he is.A . justifyB . simplifyC . identifyD . notify16）If the emergency rescue supplies are ________, the earthquake survivors will be in great trouble and they may be on the edge of death.A . incapableB . inadequateC . invalidD . invisible17）That intelligence tests actually give a measurement of the intelligence of individuals ________ questioned by some famous psychologists.A . wereB . have beenC . areD . is18）________ for a long time, the fields are all dried up and the farmers are worried about this year’s crops.A . There having been no rainB . There been no rainC . There having no rainD . There being no rain19）Having gone through all the hardships, she has changed a lot, and she is no longer the cheerful girl ________ she was five years ago.A . thatB . whatC . whichD . whom20）He is now working in a foreign firm, but not until three years ago ________ to work outside the country.A . has he startedB . will he startC . did he startD . he started21）Since he drives so carelessly, there is very ________ hope that he will survive the car accident on freeway.A . fewB . a fewC . muchD . little22）–“You won’t follow his instructions, will you?”“________. I don’t think he is right.”A . Yes, I willB . No, I won’tC . No, I willD . Yes, I won’t23）________, he has earned himself a lot of respect, yet he is always modest and accessible.A . With all his profound knowledgeB . Through all his profound knowledgeC . With his all profound knowledgeD . By all his profound knowledge24）My friend and adviser ________ to engage in a comprehensive dialog with me to resolve the problems in my essay writing.A . have agreedB . had agreedC . has agreedD . are agreed25）“Do you regr et paying so much for the dog?”–“No. I would be happy to pay ________ for him.”A . as much as twiceB . twice as muchC . twice as manyD . much twice26）With all the exercises unfinished, he ________ to watch the football match yesterday evening even though he was so anxious and excited about it.A . mustn’t goB . wouldn’t goC . oughtn’tD . shouldn’t have gone27）The financial deficit for the banks will be going from bad to worse unless their plan for economic reform ________ miracles.A . worksB . are workingC . workedD . will be working28）The United States is proud of ________ great writers, especially ________ in the 20th century such as Mark Twain and Ernest Hemingway.A . its … thoseB . the … whichC . her … whatD . his … that29）The students expected there ________ more reviewing classes before the college entrance examination, but, to their disappointment, all the classes were finally canceled.A . beingB . would beC . have beenD . to be30）________ is announced, the country has launched a large-scale movement to wipe out hunger, poverty, and diseases in the wide rural areas.A . WhatB . ThatC . AsD . Which31）________ me the most is that these butterflies return to the very same tree in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used for the winter before.A . That amazedB . It amazedC . Which amazedD . What amazed词汇与语法1_参考答案参考答案Part I1）A 2）C 3）C 4）B 5）D 6）A 7）A 8）B 9）C 10）C 11）D 12）B 13）D 14）B 15）C 16）B 17）D 18）A 19）A 20）C 21）D 22）B 23）A 24）C 25）B 26）D 27）A 28）A 29）B 30）C 31）D。
人教版七年级上册英语Unit1 词汇和语法 (含答案)
知识图谱Unit 1 My name’s Gina知识精讲一、必背词汇name /neim/ n. 名字；名称nice /nais/ adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的to /tu:/ 常用于原形动词之前，该动词为不定式meet /mi:t/ v. 遇见；相逢too /tu:/ adv. 也；又；太your /jɔ:/ pron. 你的；你们的Ms. /miz/ (于女子的姓名前，不指明婚否)女士his /hiz/ pron. 他的and /ænd/ conj. 和；又；而her /hə:/ pron, 她的yes /jes/ interj. 是的；可以she /ʃi:/ pron. 她he /hi:/ pron. 他no /nəu/ interj. 不；没有；不是not /nɔt/ adv. 不；没有zero /'ziərəu/ num. 零telephone /'telifəun/ n. 电话；电话机number /'nʌmbə/ n.号码；数字phone /fəun/ n. 电话；电话机telephone/phone number 电话号码first /fə:st/ adj.第一first name 名字last /la:st/ adj. 最后的；末尾的last name 姓friend /frend/ n. 朋友China /'tʃainə/ 中国middle /'midl/ adj. 中间的；中间school /sku:l/ n. 学校middle school 中学；初中二、重点词汇1. nice adjective /naɪs/1). pleasant, enjoyable, or satisfactory愉快的；美好的；满意的例句：Did you have a nice trip?你假期过得愉快吗？Have a nice day/time!祝你度过愉快的一天／过得愉快！2). kind, friendly, or polite好心的；友善的；有礼貌的例句：I wish you'd be nice to your brother.我希望你会好好对待你弟弟。
英语基础语法和词汇
英语基础语法和词汇一、基础语法。
1. 名词（noun，[naʊn]）- 定义：表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念等的名称。
- 分类：- 可数名词（countable noun）：有单复数形式，如book（[bʊk]） - books。
- 不可数名词（uncountable noun）：没有复数形式，如water（['wɔːt ə]），milk（[mɪlk]）。
- 名词所有格：- 表示所属关系，有's形式，如Tom's book（汤姆的书）。
2. 动词（verb，[vɜːb]）- 定义：表示动作或状态。
- 分类：- 及物动词（transitive verb，[ˈtrænzətɪv vɜːb]）：后面必须跟宾语，如I love apples（我爱苹果），“love”是及物动词，“apples”是宾语。
- 不及物动词（intransitive verb，[ɪnˈtrænzətɪv vɜːb]）：后面不跟宾语，如He runs fast（他跑得快），“runs”是不及物动词。
- 动词的时态：- 一般现在时：表示经常或习惯性的动作或状态。
主语为第三人称单数时，动词要加 -s或 -es，如He likes reading（他喜欢阅读）。
- 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动词一般加 -ed （规则动词），如I played football yesterday（我昨天踢足球了）。
- 一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，结构为will+动词原形或be going to+动词原形，如He will go to school tomorrow（他明天将去上学）。
3. 形容词（adjective，[ˈædʒɪktɪv]）- 定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。
- 位置：一般放在名词前面，如a beautiful flower（一朵美丽的花），“beautiful”（[ˈbjuːtɪfl]）是形容词，修饰“flower”。
专插本英语 词汇与语法结构(一)
10. There____some letters_____be dilivered.
A. are ; to C. is; to
答案：A
B. are; at D. is; at
11. I agree with him ____, but not entirely.
A. untial a certain point B. to some point C. to some extent D.in a certain extent
5.___the help of their team,we should not have succeeded. a、As for b、 As to c、 Unless d本不会成
as for /as to至于,就……方面说 but for = without
答案：D
将来完成时：表示将来某时刻之前已经完成的动作。 将来完成进行时: 谓语动词必须是延续性的动词。
18. The activity was delayed, ____was exactly _____ we wanted. A. which; what B. which; which C. that; what D. that; that
23. All _____ you can do to comfort her is to listen to her story patiently. A. what B. that C. which D. things
B. shows; is C.show; is D.shows; are
答案：B A survey 是真正的主语,因此用 shows , they also admit several hours of sitting in front of the computer是一个 整体的事件,用单数.
外研社九年级上册英语 Module 11 词汇与语法基础(解析版) (1)
知识图谱Module 11 Photos知识精讲一、必背词汇bet (bet, bet) [bet] v. 打赌，下赌注general [ˈdʒenrəl] adj. 整体的，普遍的standard [ˈstændəd] n. 标准，水准feeling [ˈfi:lɪŋ]n. 感觉，直觉看法difficulty [ˈdɪfɪkəlti] n. 困难，困境subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] n. 主题add [æd] v. 添加recently [ˈri:sntli]adv. 最近，近来menu [ˈri:sntli]n. 菜单tonight [təˈnaɪt] adv. (在)今晚，(在)今夜winner [ˈwɪnə] n. 获胜者rush [rʌʃ] v. 冲，奔blouse [blaʊz] n. 女衬衫skirt [skɜ:t] n. 裙子singer [ˈsɪŋə] n. 歌手，歌唱家congratulations [kənˌgrætjʊ'leɪʃənz] n. [复数]祝贺headmaster [ˌhedˈmɑ:stə]n. 男校长present [ˈpreznt]v. 授予，呈递二、重点词汇1. bet (bet, bet) [bet] v.1). to risk money on the result of an event or a competition, such as a horse race, in the hope of winningmore money打赌；赌博例句：I bet you $25 (that) I'll get there before you.我和你赌25美元，我准比你早到。
2). informal If you say you bet (someone) that something is true or will happen, you mean you arecertain that it is true or will happen.敢断定例句：I bet (that) he won't come. 我敢断定他不会来。
古代文言文的基本语法与词汇
古代文言文的基本语法与词汇古代文言文是中国古代文学的重要组成部分，具有悠久的历史和丰富的文化内涵。
在学习古代文言文的过程中，掌握基本的语法和词汇是非常重要的。
本文将介绍古代文言文的基本语法和常用词汇，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用古代文言文。
一、基本语法1. 主谓宾结构古代文言文的句子常采用主谓宾结构，即主语用于表示动作的执行者，谓语表示动作的动作，宾语表示动作的承受者。
例如：“吾爱汝”，意为“我爱你”。
2. 定状补结构古代文言文的句子中常出现定状补结构，即通过定语、状语和补语来修饰主谓宾结构。
定语用于修饰名词，状语用于修饰动词，补语用于补充动作的结果或状态。
例如：“丹心报国”，意为“以红色的心报答国家”。
3. 并列与从属古代文言文的句子常采用并列和从属的句子结构来表达不同的语义关系。
并列结构表示同等重要的概念或动作关系，从属结构表示主次、因果或条件关系。
4. 结构短小精炼古代文言文注重言简意赅，追求结构短小精炼的表达方式。
句子中通常删除主语、谓语和宾语等成分，重点突出动作和事件。
二、常用词汇1. 人称代词古代文言文中常用的人称代词包括“吾”、“尔”、“之”等。
其中，“吾”用于表示第一人称，“尔”用于表示第二人称，“之”用于表示第三人称。
2. 动词古代文言文中常用的动词包括“行”、“作”、“爱”等。
其中，“行”表示行为的执行，“作”表示动作的进行，“爱”表示情感的表达。
3. 名词古代文言文中常用的名词包括“人”、“国”、“心”等。
其中，“人”用于表示人的概念，“国”用于表示国家的概念，“心”用于表示内心的情感。
4. 形容词古代文言文中常用的形容词包括“红”、“白”、“青”等。
其中，“红”表示颜色的概念，“白”表示颜色的概念，“青”用于表示颜色的概念。
5. 副词古代文言文中常用的副词包括“甚”、“必”、“宜”等。
其中，“甚”表示程度的概念，“必”表示必然的概念，“宜”表示适合的概念。
在学习古代文言文时，我们必须掌握基本的语法和词汇。
苏教版高一必修一教材中的语法与词汇精讲
苏教版高一必修一教材中的语法与词汇精讲高中英语是学生学习英语的重要阶段，掌握好语法与词汇的使用对于提升学生英语能力至关重要。
苏教版高一必修一教材中的语法与词汇内容丰富，旨在帮助学生系统地学习和巩固所学的语法知识和词汇量，以提升学生的语言运用能力。
本文将对教材中的语法与词汇进行精讲，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握。
第一单元语法与词汇精讲1. 词汇部分本单元主要涉及到一些常用的英语词汇，如job, profession, career等。
其中，job是指一个人按时工作赚钱的方式，而profession则更强调专业技能的学习和应用；career则更加关注一个人在某个领域的长期发展。
学生可以通过相关的词汇练习来记忆和理解这些词汇，如填词、翻译句子等。
2. 语法部分本单元主要涉及到以下几个语法知识点：时态、虚拟语气和非谓语动词。
2.1 时态在英语中，时态的使用对于表达动作发生的时间关系十分重要。
本单元中，学生需要掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的使用。
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作，一般将来时表示将来某个时间会发生的动作。
通过指导学生做一些与时态相关的练习，比如填空或者改写句子，可以帮助他们掌握好这些时态的用法。
2.2 虚拟语气虚拟语气在英语中常用于表示假设、愿望、建议等。
本单元中，学生需要掌握三种常见的虚拟语气形式：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气以及与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。
在练习中，可以引导学生使用虚拟语气来表达自己的想法、愿望或者建议，逐步熟悉虚拟语气的使用方式。
2.3 非谓语动词非谓语动词是指不具备人称和数的形式，也不能单独作句子的谓语的动词形式。
本单元中，学生需要掌握不定式、动名词和分词的用法。
通过一些练习，比如句子改写或者短文填空，可以帮助学生灵活运用非谓语动词。
第二单元语法与词汇精讲1. 词汇部分本单元主要涉及到一些与家庭和社会生活相关的词汇，如parents, generation, community等。
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题目1Not until 1868 ______ made the capital of the state of Georgia.选择一项：a. when was Atlantab. when Atlanta wasc. Atlanta wasd. was Atlanta正确答案是：was Atlanta题目2Grace advised us to withdraw ________.选择一项：a. as not to get involvedb. so as not to get involvedc. so as to get not involvedd. as to not get involved正确答案是：so as not to get involved题目3At that moment she was standing a few meters away from __________ we are now. 选择一项：a. whatb. therec. whichd. where正确答案是：where题目4They had to put the meeting off ________ so many people didn't show up.选择一项：a. sinceb. thoughc. unlessd. for fear that正确答案是：since题目5At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, ______ up around 4 percent of national total.选择一项：a. madeb. having madec. makingd. to make正确答案是：making题目6No sooner had the train started ________ Mrs. Johnson said that she had forgot her handbag.选择一项：a. whenb. thanc. thend. that正确答案是：than题目7Scarcely had the car stopped ________ the cell phone began to ring.选择一项：a. afterb. thanc. whend. before正确答案是：when题目8Only under special circumstances ________ to take make-up tests.选择一项：a. are permitted freshmenb. freshmen are permittedc. are freshman permittedd. permitted are freshmen正确答案是：are freshman permitted题目9He didn't want ________ his mother because she had sacrificed so much for him.选择一项：a. failing forb. failingc. to faild. to fail for正确答案是：to fail题目10Surfing the web can be ________ watching football games.选择一项：a. as enjoyableb. to enjoyablec. as enjoyable asd. enjoyable题目11It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.选择一项：a. whicheverb. wheneverc. howeverd. whatever正确答案是：whatever题目12This couple has two daughters, _________ of whom is working in the U. S.选择一项：a. a youngerb. the youngerc. the youngestd. the young正确答案是：the younger题目13Some people waste a lot of food _______ others in the world haven't enough to eat.选择一项：a. afterb. whenc. asd. while正确答案是：while题目14Of the two houses the family prefers _________.选择一项：a. the much isolated oneb. the one isolated morec. the most isolated oned. the more isolated one正确答案是：the more isolated one题目15________ I remember, his writings always had the same meticulous descriptive quality.选择一项：a. So far asb. As long asc. In order thatd. According to正确答案是：So far as题目16Are you certain that this is _____ in his letter？选择一项：a. grandfather has expressedb. which grandfather has expressedc. what grandfather has expressedd. grandfather expressed正确答案是：what grandfather has expressed题目17You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.选择一项：a. being understoodb. understoodc. to be understoodd. understanding正确答案是：understood题目18The uniform makes us look like a bunch of clones, especially _______ we are doing morning exercise in the选择一项：a. sinceb. asc. whichd. when正确答案是：when题目19Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night.选择一项：a. whateverb. as ifc. even ifd. provided正确答案是：even if题目20- It is said that you've moved to your new campus. Do you have a big library?- No, we don't. At least ______ yours.选择一项：a. as big asb. not smaller thanc. bigger thand. not bigger than题目21You should give the application to the man ______ at that chair.选择一项：a. sitsb. sittingc. satd. to sit正确答案是：sitting题目22Helen Keller lost both her sight and hearing after a severe illness ________.选择一项：a. of her age in 19 months oldb. she was 19 months oldc. when she was 19 months oldd. when 19 months old she was正确答案是：when she was 19 months old题目23________ difficult the situation was, we managed to survive.选择一项：a. Whatb. Whenc. Howeverd. How正确答案是：However题目24I'm going to have a rest and _______.选择一项：a. so goes Davidb. so has Davidc. so does Davidd. so is David题目25The hurricane left, _______ the ruins to this选择一项：a. to leaveb. leavingd. to be left正确答案是：leaving。