欧洲文化入门课后习题答案：_13948
欧洲入门文化试题及答案
欧洲文化入门Exercise31．第1题Mary's pregnancy to Joseph, her husband, was ___.A.a scandalB.a luckC.incredibleD.unfortunate您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第2题It was ____who unified England for the first time.A.King Edward and his successorsB.King Arthur and his successorsC. King William and his successorsD.King Alfred and his successors您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第3题According to the New Testament, the central message of Jesus was__.A.the kingdom of GodB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第4题The religious ministry of Jesus was followed by his 12 apostles for ___.A.12 is a lucky numberB.they were the only apostles Jesus hadC.they were the only apostles Jesus could selectD.Israel was made up of 12 tribes您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第5题Greek mythology relates the development of the order of the universe to_____ .A.PandoraB.ZeusC.ChaosD.Cronus您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第6题Which is not true about the heroes in Greek mythology?A.They represented a kind of bridge between gods and mortalsB.They never dieC.They got gods' favorD.They had some defect to balance out their power您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第7题William Tyndale translated the Old Testament in the 16 century from ___.A.the Latin textB.the Greek textC.the Hebrew textD.the French text您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第8题1066 marked the__.A.defeat of the VikingsB.Norman Conquer of EnglandC.death of William ID.death of Alfred the Great您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第9题Which of the following is Not true about monasteries?A.They were self-sufficient unitsB.Monks in the monastery slept in the same dormitoryC.Monks did not have to work in the fields at allD.All monks lived according to a rule that governed their daily routine您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第10题Overgrowth of population in Europe in the Late Middle Ages caused __.A.the shortage of cultivated landB.the shortage of food supplyC.the new methods of agricultureD.the disastrous change of climate您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第11题Herod was the king who was___.A.happy to learn the birth of JesusB.jealous of JesusC.ready to help JesusD.ill then您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第12题The images of gods in Greek mythology impress us as _________.A.beings with human emotions who lived above usB.beings with human emotions who lived among usC.dominating figures with super-physical powersD.dominating figures with super-natural influence您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.013．第13题Myths____.A.are all religiousB.all explain the interaction of divine and human worldsC.explain the origin of man and natureD.are all ture您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第14题Odysseus___ returned to his faithful wife after the ten-year Trojan War.A.was a Greek prince whoB.was a Trojan prince whoC.was a Greek hero whoD.was a Trojan hero who您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第15题In the Renaissance, the ancient myths___.A.served as sources of inspiration for artistic creationB.enjoyed new colorsC.were more poeticD.became more imaginative您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第16题According to Greek mythology, Paris,___, which resulted in the Trojan war.A.son of King of Troy, abducted Helen, a Greek beautyB.King of Troy, abducted Helen, a Greek beautyC.son of Greek king, abducted Helen, a Trojan beautyD.King of Greek, abducted Helen, a Trojan beauty您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第17题By a complex process of violence, struggle, and sexual attraction,__built up the power.A.PandoraB.ZeusC.ChaosD.Cronus您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第18题The Greeks modeled relationships between ___.A.men and women on those between immortalsB.men on those between godsC.man and nature on those between godsD.gods on those between mortals您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第19题The 19th-century interpretation of myths became more___.A.geographicalB.historicalC.scientificD.practical您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第20题The original language of the New Testament was used ___.A.as a proper vehicle for the Christian faithB.as a means of worshipC.in the church onlyD.in homes and marketplaces您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第21题Which of the following about Jesus is Not true according to the Gospels?A.His death testified God's relentless loveB.His actions showed God's powerC.He was the presence of God in the worldD.His words revealed God's way for his people您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第22题Jews in the cities were__.A.converted to ChristianityB.converted to IslamC.admired by ChristiansD.persecuted by Christians您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.023．第23题According to Greek mythology ___, which goes well with the idea of Daoism in China.A.something can be produced from nothingB.ancient Greece was a matriarchal societymunal marriage was prevalent in Ancient GreeceD.farming was the mode of production in Ancient Greece您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第24题The King James version of the Bible __.A.started in the 15 centurypleted in the 15 centuryC.started in the 16 centurypleted in the 17 century您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第25题The Romans began to represent their gods in human form ___.A.before the 6th century BCB.before coming into contact with Greek cultureC.after conquering GreeceD.after coming into contact with foreign culture题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第26题In the Age of Enlightenment, there was emphasis on____.A.new religionsB.rationalityC.allegorical interpretation of mythsD.the study of myths您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第27题In the Middle Ages, the ancient myths___.A.predominatedB.were dominantC.were interpreted allegoricallyD.were even more popular您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第28题Which of the following is not shared by Eve in Bible and Pandora in Greek myths?A.Being the first womanB.Being curiousC.Being put at the root of all evilD.Being turned from immortal to mortal您的答案：D此题得分：2.029．第29题30．第30题Greek mythology influenced Western culture in the following aspects except_.A.literatureB.architectureC.musicD.art您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第31题Which of the following is not true about the Greek culture?A.A city-state devoted itself to a particular godB.A god's characteristics may vary from one city to anotherC.The Greeks honored the city's gods every dayD.Temples were built in honor of gods您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题Early Romans regarded their gods as__.A.personsB.powers as well as personsC.powersD.powerful persons题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第33题Mythology has exerted a great influence on the arts in___.A.all parts of the worldC.the AmericasD.Africa您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题The Greeks’ sense of gods is shared by __.A.the RomansB.the JewsC.the ChristiansD.the Muslims您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题___ is not included in Greek mythology as one of the three principal types of figures.A.the godsB.the devilsC.the mortalsD.the heroes您的答案：B此题得分：2.036．第36题The early Christians were against ___.A.Greek cultureB.Roman cultureC.Hebrew culureD.pagan culture您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题The early Hebrews___.A.concentrated on the role of a supreme godB.believed in only one godC.worshipped all the divine charactersD.followed the practice of the Greeks您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题Which is not true in the following about the Titans?A.They were the Children of ZeusB.They were strong and largeC.They personified natureD.Cronus was among them您的答案：A题目分数：2.039．第39题Roman writers like Virgil and Ovid were famous as they ___.A.lived about three centuries before Christ was bornB.created an inspiring Greco-Roman mythologyC.introduced the names of Greek gods into Roman cultureD.introduced the functions of Greek gods into Roman culture您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第40题In the search for the Golden Fleece to regain his throne, Jason ____.A.fought against the magic goddessB.married the daughter of the rulerC.fought against a dragon that never sleptD.fell in love with the daughter of the ruler您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第41题The continuity of the New Testament with the Old is best shown in ___.A.its teaching about GodB.its teaching about JesusC.its instruction by ChristD. its claim of Jesus as a unique revelation of God您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.042．第42题Which of the following is Not true about Christianity in the 3rd century?A.Christianity reached EnglandB.The Bible remained in LatinC.The Bible was in the hands of the church;D.The Bible in English began to spread in England您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第43题William Tyndale translated the New Testament in the 16 century from ___.A.the Latin textB.the Greek textC.the Hebrew textD.the French text您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第44题Jews in the cities were good at__.A.doing businessB.borrowing moneyC.craftsmanshipD.farming您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第45题The chief point of Gregorian reform was to ___.A.end the power of emperorsB.make the church completely independent from the emperorsC.force the priests to remain single throughout lifeD.allow the priests to marry您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.046．第46题___ were regarded as heretics in the Middle Ages.A.Those who believed in GodB.Those who did not believe in ChristianityC.Jews onlyD.Muslims only您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第47题Which of the following is Not included in the major themes of the Old Testament?A.the moral lawsB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第48题Which of the following is Not included in the major themes of the New Testament?A.the kingdom of GodB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第49题The Spanish monarchy was __.A.set up by the ChristiansB.overcome by the MuslimsC.set up by the MuslimsD.overcome by the Jews您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第50题The First Crusade was important because __.A.it conquered the land of the MuslimsB.the Pope rescued the Byzantine EmpireC.it was the first example of European expansionismD.the Byzantine Empire defeated the Muslims finally您的答案：C题目分数：2.0。
《欧洲文化入门》练习及参考答案
欧洲文化入门各章练习及答案第一章填空题：1. The richness of European Culture was created by ________element and _________element. Greco-Roman Judeo-Christian2. The Homer’s epics consisted of_________. Iliad and Odyssey3. ________ is the first writer of “problem plays”. Euripides4. __________ is called “Father of History”. Herodotus5. ________is the greatest historian that ever lived. Thucydides6. The dividing range in the Roman history refers to ________. 27 B.C.7. “I came, I saw, I conquered.” is a famous saying by _______. Julius Caesar8. The representation form of Greek Democracy is __________. citizen-assembly.判断题1. Euclid says “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world”. (×) Archimedes2. Herodotus’s historical writing is on the war between Anthens and Sparta. (×) Greeks and Persians名词解释：1. Pax Romana答：In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed by the Roman legions, it was known as Pax Romana2. “Democracy” in ancient Greece答： 1）Democracy means “exercise of power by the whole people”, but in Greece by “the whole people” the Greeks mea nt only the adult male citizens.2） Women, children, foreigners and slaves were excluded from Democracy.论述题：1. How did the Greek Culture originate and develop?1) Probably around 1200 B.C., a war was fought between Greece and troy. This is the war that Homer refers to in his epics.2) Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century B.C.A. The successful repulse of the Persian invasion early in the 5th century.B. The establishment of democracy.C. The flourishing of science, philosophy, literature, art and historical writingin Athens.3)The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta.4) In the second half of the 4th century B.C., Greece was conquered by Alexander, king of Macedon. Whenever he wentand conquered, whenever Greek culture was found.5) Melting between Greek culture and Roman culture in 146 B.C., the Romans conquered Greece.2. What is the great significance of Greek Culture on the later-on cultural development?答： There has been an enduring excitement about classical Greek culturein Europe and elsewhere Rediscovery of Greek culture played a vital part in the Renaissance in Italy and other European countries.1) Spirit of innovationThe Greek people invented mathematics and science and philosophy; They first wrote history as opposed to mere annals; They speculated freely about the nature of the world and the ends of life, without being bound in the fettersofany inherited orthodoxy.2) Supreme AchievementThe Greeks achieved supreme achievements in nearly all fields of human endeavour: Philosophy, science, epic poetry, comedy, historical writing, architecture, etc.3) Lasting effectA. Countless writers have quoted, borrowed from and otherwise used Homer’s epics, the tragedies of Aeschylus and Sophocles and Euripides, Aristophanes’s comedies, Plato’s Dialogues,ect.B. In the early part of the 19th century, in England alone, three young Romantic poets expressed their admiration of Greek culture in works which have themselves become classics: Byron’s Isles of Greece, Shelley’s Hellas and Prometheus Unbound and Keats’s Ode on a Grecian Urn.C. In the 20th century, there are Homeric parallels in the Iri shman James Joyce’s modernist masterpiece Ulysses.3. What is the similarity and difference between Greek culture and Roman culture? 答：1) similarities:A. Both peoples had traditions rooted in the idea of the citizen-assembly.B. Their religions were alike enough for most of their deities to be readily identified, and their myths to be fused.C. Their languages worked in similar ways, both being members of the Indo-European language family.2) differences:A. The Romans built up a vast empire; the Greeks didn’t, except for the brief moment of Alexander’s conquests, which soon disintegrated.B. The Romans were confident in their own organizational power, their military and administrative capabilities.4. What is the Rome historical background?答：1) The history of Rome divided into two periods: Before the year 27 B.C., Rome had been a republic; from the year 27 B.C., Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of Augustus and Roman Empire began.2) Two centuries later, the Roman Empire reached its climax, marked by land a rea’s extension: Encircling the Mediterranean.3) Strong military power: the famous Roman legions.4) In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed by the Roman legions,it was known as Pax Romana.5) Another important contribution made by the Romans to European culture was Roman Law.6) The empire began to decline in the 3rd century.A. In the 4th century the emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium.Renamed it Constantinople (modern Istanbul).B. After 395, the empire was divided into East (The Byzantine Empire) and WestC. In 476 the last emperor of the West was deposed by Goths and this marked the end of the West Roman Empire.D. The East Roman Empire collapsed when Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453.第二章填空题：1. ___________is by far the most influential in the West. Christianity2. The Hebrews history was recorded in _________of the Bible. the Old Testament3. The New Testament is about _________. the doctrine of Jesus Christ4. The story abo ut God’s flooding to the human being and only good-virtue being saved was recorded in Genesis,Pentateuch, the Old Testament, the Bible, which was known as _________. Noah’s Ark.5. The Birth of Jesus was recorded in ________. Matthew6. The story about Jesus being pinned in the cross to death was known as _________. The Last Supper.7. The first English version of whole Bible was translated from the Latin Vulgate in 1382 and was copied out by handby the early group of reformers led by _________. John Wycliff.名词解释:1. The Old TestamentThe Bible was divided into two sections: the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament is about God and the Laws of God. The word “Testament” means “agreement”, the agreement between God and Man.2. PentateuchThe Old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are the first five books, called Pentateuch. Pentateuch contains five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy.3. GenesisGenesis is one of the five books in Pentateuch, it tells about a religious account of the origin of the Hebrews people, including the origin of the world and of man, the career of Issac and the life of Jacob and his son Joseph.4. ExodusExodus is one of the five books in Pentateuch, it tells about a religious history of the Hebrews during their flight from Egypt, the period when they began to receive God’s Law. Joshua brought the people safely back toCanaan.5. The Book of DanielThe Book of Daniel belongs to The Old Testament of the Bible. It tells about the Hebrews being carried away into Babylon.论述简答题：1. What are the beliefs of Christianity?答： Christianity based itself on two forceful beliefs which separate it from all other religions.1）One is that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and that God sent him to earth to live as humans live, suffer as humans suffer, and die to redeem mankind.2）The other is that God gave his only begotten son , so that whosoever believes in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.2. What are the different translation editions of the Bible?答：1)The oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament is known as the Septuagint. And it is still in use in the Greek Church today. But it only translated the Old Testament.2) The most ancient extant Latin version of the whole Bible is the Vulgate edition,which was done in 385-405 A.D. By St. Jerome in common people’s language. It became the official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church throughout the world.3) The first English version of whole Bible was translated from the Latin Vulgate in 1382 and was copied out by hand by the early group of reformers led by John Wycliff.4) After John Wycliff’s version, appeared William Tyndale’s version. It was based on the original Hebrew and Greek sources.5) The Great Bible ordered by Henry Ⅷ in 1539 t o be placed in all the English churches was in part founded on Tyndale’s work.6) The most important and influential of English Bible is the “Authorized” or “King James” version, first published in 1611. It was produced by 54 biblical scholars at the command of King James. With its simple, majestic Anglo-Saxon tongue, it is known as the greatest book in the English languages.7) The Revised Version appeared in 1885, and the standard American edition of the Revised Version in 1901.8) The Good News Bible and the New English Bible.3. What is the great significance of the translations of the bible?答：1) It is generally accepted that the English Bible and Shakespeare are two great reservoirs of Modern English.2) Miltion’s Paradise Lost, Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, Byron’s Cain, up to the contemporary Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, and Steinbeck’s East of Eden. They are not influenced without the effect of the Bible.第三章填空题：1. In _______ a Germanic (日耳曼) general killed the last Roman emperor and took control of the government. 4762. After 1054, the church was divided into _________ and _______. the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.3. _______ is the one who translated into Latin both Old and New Testament from the Hebrew and Greek originals. St. Jerome4. ______introduced French and Italy writing the English native alliterative verse.5. Both ___________are the best representative of the middle English. Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales6. _________ paved the way for the development of what is the present-day European culture. the Middel Ages名词解释1. the Middle agesIn European history, the thousand-year period following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century is called the Middle Ages. The middle ages is so called because it came between ancient times and modern times. To be specific, from the 5th century to 15th century.2. FeudalismFeudalism in Europe was mainly a system of land holding— a system of holding land in exchange for military service. The word “feudalism” was derived from the Latin “feudum”, a grant of land.3. The ManorThe centre of medieval life under feudalism was the manor. Manors were founded on the fiefs of the lords. By the twelfth century manor houses were made of stone and designed as fortresses. They came to be called castles.4. Carolingian RenaissanceCarolingian Renaissance is derived from Charlemagne’s name in Latin, Carolus. The most interesting facet of this rather minor renaissance is the spectacle of Frankish or Germanic state reaching out to assimilate the riches of the Roman Classical and the Christianized Hebraic culture.5. Gothic1) The Gothic style started in France and quickly spread through all parts of Western Europe.2) It lasted from the mid-12th to the end of 15th century and, in some areas, into the 16th. More churches were built in this manner than in any other style in history.3) The Gothic was an outgrowth of the Romanesque.论述简答题：1. Why is the middle ages is called Age of Faith？答：1) During the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order. The only organization that seemed to unite Europe was the Christian church.2) The Christian church continued to gain widespread power and influence.3) In the Late middle ages, almost everyone in western Europe wasa Christian and a member of the Christian Church. Christianity took the lead in politics, law, art, and learningfor hundreds of years.4) It shaped people’s lives. That is why the middle ages is also called the “Age of Faith”.2. What is the great significance of the Crusades?答：1) The crusades brought the East into closer contact with the West.And they greatly influenced the history of Europe.2) During the wars while many of the feudal lords went to fight in Palestine, kings at home found opportunities to strengthen themselves. Thus among other things, Crusades helped to break down feudalism, which, in turn led to the rise of the monarchies.3) Besides, through their contact with the more cultured Byzantines and Moslems, the western Europeans changed many of their old ideas. Their desire for wealth or power began to overshadow their religious ideals.4) The Crusades also resulted in renewing people’s interest in learning and invention. By the 13th century, universities had spread all over Europe. Such knowledge as Arabic numerals, algebra , and Arab medicine were introduced to the West.5) As trade increased, village and towns began to grow into cities. And the rise of towns and trade in western Europe paved the way of the growth of strong national governments.3. How did learning and science develop in the Middle Ages?答：1) Charlemagne and Carolingian Renaissance:A. He was crowned “Emperor of the Romans” by the pope in 800.B. Carolingian Renaissance is derived from Charlemagne’s name in Latin, Carolus. The most interesting facet of this rather minor renaissance is the spectacle of Frankish or Germanic state reaching out to assimilate the riches of the Roman Classical and the Christianized Hebraic culture.2) Alfred the Great and Wessex Centre of Learning:A. He promoted translations into the vernacular from Latin works.B. He also inspired the compilation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.3) St. Thomas Aquinas and Scholasticism:4) Roger Bacon and Experimental Science:A. Roger Bacon, a monk, was one of the earliest advocates of scientific research.B. He called for careful observation and experimentation. His main work was the Opus maius.4. How did literature develop in the middle ages?答：1) The epic was the product of the Heroic Age. It was an important and mostly used form in ancient literature.“National epic” refers to the epic written in vernacular languages—that is, the languages of various national states that came into being in the Middle Ages. Literary works were no longer all written in Latin. It was the starting point of a gradual transition of European literature from Latin culture to a culture that was thecombination of a variety of national characteristics. Both Beowulf and song of Roland were the representative works of the National Epics.2) Dante Alighieri and The Divine Comedy:A. His masterpiece, The Divine Comedy, is one of the landmarks of world literature.B. The poem expresses humanistic ideas which foreshadowed the spirit of Renaissance.C. Dante wrote his masterpiece in Italian rather than in Latin.3) Geoffery Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales:A. The Canterbury Tales were his most popular work.B. Most of the tales are written in verse which reflects Chaucer’s innovation by introducing into the native alliterativeverse the French and Italian styles.C. Chaucer is thus to be , regarded as the first short story teller and the first modern poet in English literature.D. Chaucer and the Canterbury Tales were representative of the Middle ages.5. What is the difference between the vernacular language used in the National epics and the vernacular language used by Mark twain?答：1) The epic was the product of the Heroic Age. It was an important and mostly used form in ancient literature.“National epic” refers to the epic written in vernacular languages—that is, the languages of various national states that came into being in the Middle Ages. Literary works were no longer all written in Latin. It was the starting point of a gradual transition of European literature from Latin culture to a culture that was the combination of a variety of national characteristics. Both Beowulf and song of Roland were the representative works of the National Epics.2) The vernacular language used by Mark twain refers to both local and colloq language used in the Mississippi area, with a strong characteristic of that region. Mark twain used vernacular language not only in dialogue, but also in narration.3) His representative works Life on the Mississippi.6. What were the power and influence of the Roman Catholic church in the Medieval times?1) With a highly centralized and disciplined international organization from priests to Pope, the Roman Catholic Church seemed to be the only unity across the western Europe of the Medieval times. It developed a civilization based on Christianity and helped to preserve and pass on the heritage of the classical cultures by the official language of Latin.2) with the Pope as the supreme head of all the Christian Churches of the western Europe, the Catholic (meaning universal) church received heavy taxes from lay people and various supports from nobles and kings. Church could remove any opponents political rights or even emperors, with the powerful symbol of the Inquisition, the Church court to punish heresy.3) The Medieval Church was the center of the Europeans’ daily life and almost everyone became a member of theChurch. People turned to the Church for comfort and spiritual guidance; the Church also was the center of holy communion, recreation, trade and communal activity.4) Clergy then was the only literate class, so kings and nobles used them to implement important secular governmental duties.5) The Church took the lead in politics, law, art, and learning throughout the “Age of Faith”. For example, Romanesque and Gothic arts were predominantly religious; in learning, it influenced greatly the western thinking with the monks’ work on copying and translating ancient books, the Church Fathers’ philosophy, Monasticism, Scholasticism and Experimental science.6) originally for regaining the holy city of Jerusalem, the Church launched 200-year Crusades, which helped to bread down feudalism and enhanced the cultural contact between the West and the East.第四章填空题：1. Renaissance started in ________ and ________ with the flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture. Florence and Venice.2. In Renaissance literature of Italy, _______ was the representative poet. Petrarch3. At the heart of the Renaissance philosophy was the assertion of _________. the greatness of man.4. The idea of the greatness of man is reflected in __________ literature. Shakespeare’s5. The national religion established after reformation in England was called _______. The church of England or The Anglican Church.6. It was under the reign of _______ that reformation was successful in England. Henry Ⅷ.7. Montaigne was a French humanist known for his _______. “Essais”(Essays).8. The representative novelist of Renaissance in Spain was __________ with his famous work_______, which marked European culture entry into a new stage. Cervantes DonQuixote9. The Venus of Urbino is ___________ works. Titian10. _______ translated the whole Bible with the vernacular language. Martin Luther 名词解释:1. RenaissanceGenerally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th century. Th e word “Renaissance” means revival, specifically in this period of history, revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture. Renaissance, in essence, was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church authorities.2. ReformationThe Reformation was a 16th century religious movement as well as a socio-political movement. It began as Martin Luther posted on the door of the castle church at the University of Wittenberg his 95 thesis. This movement which swept over the whole of Europe was aimed at opposing the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic Church and replacing it with the absolute authority of the Bible. The reformists engaged themselves in translating the Bible into their mother tongues. 3. Counter-ReformationBy late 1520 the Roman Catholic Church had lost its control over the church in Germany. The Roman Catholic Church did not stay idle. They mustered their forces, the dedicated Catholic groups, to examine the Church institutions and introduce reforms and improvements, to bring back its vitality. This recovery of power is often called by historiansthe Counter-Reformation.论述简答题：1. What are the Geographical Discoveries in the Renaissance?答：The Renaissance was the golden age of geographical discoveries: by the year of 1600 the surface of the known earth was doubled.1)Columbus: Columbus discovered the land of America. On his fourth voyage he explored the coast of Central America.2)Dias: Dias was a Portuguese navigator who discovered the Cape of Good Hope in 1487.3)Da Gama: Gama was a Portuguese navigator, who discovered the route to India round the Cape of Good Hope between the years of 1497 and 1498.4)Amerig：Amerigo was the Italian navigator on whose honour America was named. His discovered and explored the mouth of the Amazon and accepted South America as a new continent.2. What positive influence does the reformation exert on world culture?答:1)The Roman Catholic Church was never the international court to which all rulers and states were to be morally responsible for.2)Economically, peasants all over Europe had no need to pay a good amount of their gains to the Pope.3)In educational and cultural matters, the monopoly of the church was broken.4)In religion, Protestantism brought into being different forms of Christianity to challenge the absolute rule of the Roman Catholic Church.5)In language, the dominant position of Latin had to give way to the national languages as a result of various translations of the Bible into the vernacular.6)In spirit, absolute obedience became out-moded and the spirit of quest, debate , was ushered in by the reformists.3. What contribution did the Renaissance make to the world culture?答：1、The Renaissance created a culture which freed man to discover and enjoy the world in a way not possible under the medieval Church’s dispensation.2、The Reformation dealt the feudal theocracy a fatal blow.第五章填空题：1. The modern world, so far as mental outlook is concerned, begins in ________. the 17th century2. _________ formed the basis of all modern planetary astronomy and led to Newton’s discovery of the laws of gravitation. Kepler’s Laws3. “Knowledge is power.” By _____. Francis Bacon4. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. By _____. Francis Bacon5. Leviathan is written by ________. Tomas Hobbes6. The English Revolution is also called __________. Bourgeoisie Revolution.7. In _______, the Bill of Rights was enacted by the English Parliament. 16898. There are two leaders in the English Revolution. _______ was the man of action and ________ the man of thought. Cromwell, Milton.9. The best repr esentative of French neoclassicism is ________. Molière名词解释：1. the laws of gravitation: the sun, the moon, the earth, the planets, and all the other bodies in the universe move in accordance with the same basic force, which is call gravitation.2. ClassicismClassicism implies the revival of the forms and traditions of the ancient world, a return to works of old Greek literature from Homer to Plato and Aristotle. But French classicism of the 17th century was not conscious of being a classical revival. It intended to produce a literature, French to the core, which was worthy of Greek and classical ideals.This neoclassicism reached its climax in France in the 17th century.3. Baroque ArtBaroque Art, flourished first in Italy, and then spread to Spain, Portugal, France in south Europe and to Flander and the Netherlands in the North. It was characterized by dramatic intensity and sentimental appeal with a lot of emphasis on light and colour.论述简答1. Why do we say the 17th century is a transitional period from middle ages to the modern times?答：1) This advance began in science, in astronomy, physics and pure mathematics, owing to the work of Galileo, Kepler, Newton and Descartes. 2) The outlook of educated men was transformed. There was a profound change in the conception of men’s place in the universe.3) The new science and philosophy gave a great push to the political struggle waged by the newly emerged class, the bourgeoisie, and other chasses.4) The modern world, so far as mental outlook is concerned, begins in the 17th century.2. What are the merits shared by the Great Scientists of 17th century？答：During the 17th century, the modern Scientific method began to take shape. It emphasized observation and experimentation before formulating a final explanation or generalization. Copernicus、Kepler、Galileo、Newton and other scientists of the time shared two merits which favoured the advance of science.1) First, they showed boldness in framing hypotheses.2) Second, they all had immense patience in observation.3) The combination of the two merits brought about fundamental changes in man’s scientific and philosophical thinking.3. What is Baconian Philosophical system?答：1) The whole basis of his philosophy was practical: to give mankind mastery over the forces of nature by means of scientific discoveries and inventions.2) He held that philosophy should be kept separate from theology, not intimately be blended with it as in Scholasticism.3) Bacon established the inductive method. Induction means reasoning from particular facts or individual cases to a general conclusion.. Deductive method emphasized reasoning from a known principle to the unknown and from thegeneral to the specific.4) In a word, to break with the past, and to restore man to his lost mastery of the natural world. This was what Bacon called the Great Instauration.4. What is the difference between Hobbes and Locke in terms of nature Law?答：For Locke, Nature Law, therefore, means a universally obligatory moral law promulgated by the human reason. Whereas for Hobbes it means the law of power, force and fraud.5. What is the different between Tomas Hobbes and John Locke in terms of Social Contract?1) John Lock’s Social Contract consists of :A. Society is out of necessity, convenience and man’s own interest, and therefore, society is natural to man.B. The institution of political society and government must proceed from the consent of those who are incorporated into political society and subject themselves to government.C. Locke emphasized that the social contract must be understood as involving the individual’s consent to submit to the will of the ma jority and that the will of the majority must prevail.D. Locke also believed that the ruler of government is one partner of the social contract. If he violates the social contract, then government is effectively dissolved. This idea was welcomed by the Americans during the AmericanRevolution and the bourgeoisie revolution in England.2 Tomas Hobbes’ Social Contract consists of:A. It is necessary that there should be a common power or government backed by force and able to punish.B. Commonwealth, in Latin, Civitas.C. To escape anarchy, men enter into a social contract, by which they submit to thesovereign. In return for conferring all their powers and strength to the sovereign, men attain peace and security.D. The powers of the sovereign must be absolute, and it is only be the centralization of authority in one person that the evil can be avoided.E. As to the form of government, Hobbes preferred monarchy.F. Government was not created by God, but by men themselves.3) Although both Tomas Hobbes and John Locke used the term “social contract”, they differed fundamentally.A. Firstly, Hobbes argued men enter a social contract to escape the state of war, for, in his view, men are enemies and at war with each other. Locke argued men are equal and that they enter a social contract by reason.B. Secondly, Hobbes argued that individuals surrender their rights to one man, the sovereign whose power is absolute.Locke argued that the individuals surrender their rights to the community as a whole. According to him, by majority vote a representative is chosen, but his power not absolute. If he fails to implement the people’s will, the people have the right to overthrow him.4. What is the great significance of the English Revolution?1、It was the first time that capitalism has defeated absolute monarchy in history.2、The English Revolution marked that the modern times are approaching.3、After the English Revolution the constitutional monarchy has come into being as well as the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Right established the supremacy of the Parliament and put an end to divine monarchy in England. The Bill of Rights limited the Sovereign’s power in certain important directions.6. What are the characteristics of French classicism?1) In the French classical literature, man was viewed as a social being consciously and willingly subject to discipline.2) Rationalism was believed to be able to discover the best principles of human conduct and the universal principles of natural laws. Here Descartes provided the philosophical foundation for the French neoclassicism.3) French classicism was fond of using classical forms, classical themes and values.第六章填空题：1. ________was the first of the great French men of letters associated with the Enlightenment Montesquieu。
(0174)《欧洲文化入门》网上作业题及答案
[0174]《欧洲文化入门》第一批[论述题]1.The Bible2. Renaissance参考答案：[判断题]12. Throughout his life, Peter Paul Rubens did 1,204 paintings and 300 drawings, something that is unprecedented in the history of art.参考答案：正确[判断题]14. Black Humor is a kind of desperate humor. It is the laughter at tragic things. Man's fate is decided by comprehensible powers. We can't do anything about it, therefore we may as well laugh.参考答案：错误[判断题]10. Baroque art, flourished first in Spain was characterized by Dramatic intensity and sentimental appeal with a lot of emphasis on light and color.参考答案：错误[判断题]15. Expressionist art is marked by the expression of reality by means of distortion to communicate one's inner vision. The artists of this school used bright colors to bring out their pessimistic views on life.参考答案：正确[判断题]7. The Gothic style started in France, quickly spread through all parts of western Europe and flourished and lasted from the mid-12th to the end of 15th century and, in some areas, into the 17th .参考答案：错误[判断题]6. Charlemagne wanted to rule as the emperors of Rome had done in ancient times and eventually was crowned " Emperor of the Romans” by himself in 800.参考答案：错误[判断题]5. The Bible is much more than a religious book; it is really an encyclopedia: history, literature, philosophy and record of great minds.参考答案：正确[判断题]4. Roman law eventually became the core of modern civil and commercial law in many Western countries.参考答案：正确[判断题]3. Venus de Milo was discovered in the island of Milo in 1920.参考答案：错误[判断题]2. Sappho was considered the most important lyric poet of ancient Greece.参考答案：正确[判断题]1. Homer's epics described the events of Homer's own time.参考答案：错误[判断题]13. Marxism was linked to a great intellectual tradition extending into the 18th century French Enlightenment, German post-Kantian philosophy, English classical political economy, andearly 18th century European socialism.参考答案：错误[判断题]9. It is generally believed that modern philosophy begins with Francis Bacon in England and wi th RenéDescartes in France.参考答案：正确[判断题]8. In the period of Renaissance, where the impact with Italy was most strongly felt in fine arts, in France it was literature and in England it was philosophy and drama.参考答案：正确[判断题]11. Christopher Columbus was discoverer of the New World and the American continent was named after him.参考答案：错误第二批[论述题]1.John Lock2.Lugwig von Beethoven参考答案：[单选题]1. Two major elements in European culture are ____.A：the Greek and RomanB：the Judaism and ChristianityC：the Greco-RomanD：both A and B参考答案：D[单选题]2. The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was ____ , who is Father of Comedy. A：UripidesB：AristophanesC：SophoclesD：Aeschylus参考答案：B[单选题]3. In _____ the West Roman Empire ended when the last emperor of the West was deposed by the Goths.A：27 B.CB：395C：476D：1453参考答案：C[单选题]4. The most important and influential of English Bible is ____, first published in 1611. A：The SeptuagintB：The VulgateC：Wycliff’s versionD：Authorized version参考答案：D[单选题]5. ____ in a few hundred years were to grow into the nations known as England, France, Spain, Italy and Germany.A：Germanic tribesB：The HunsC：The Anglo-SaxonsD： The Visigoths参考答案：A[单选题]6. Dante Alighieri's masterpiece , _____, is one of the landmarks of world literature. A： Song of RolandB：the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.C：BeowulfD： the Divine Comedy参考答案：D[单选题]7. After the 16-century Reformation, _____ came into being.A：ChristianityB：CalvinC：LutheranD：Protestantism参考答案：D[单选题]8. ____ was the first Russian author to gain recognition in the West.A：Nikolai GogolB：Ivan Sergeyevich TurgenevC：Fyodor DostoyevskyD： Count Leo Tolstoy参考答案：B[单选题]9. _____ was made up of many facets, such as symbolism, surrealism, cubism, expressionism, futurism, etc.A：RealismB：NaturalismC：ModernismD：Impressionism参考答案：C[单选题]10.Sholokhov established an international reputation for his monumental novel of Cossack life, _____ , written between 1925 and 1940.A： My ApprenticeshipB： The StrangerC：The Quiet DonD：Remembrance of Things Past参考答案：C第三批[论述题]1. Church of England（英国国教）2. The Spirit of Laws（《法意》）3. Aristotle（亚里士多德）4. Beowulf （《贝奥武夫》）5. the Authorized or King James version of the Bible（ "钦定圣经”）参考答案：第四批[论述题]1. Francesco Petrarch （彼特拉克）2. John Locke （洛克）3. Black Humour（黑色幽默）4. Cubism （立体派）参考答案：第五批[论述题]Marxism参考答案：[判断题]10. The term " Angry Young Man” came to be widely used only after the publication of John Osborne's play Look Back in Anger (1956).参考答案：正确[判断题]9. Samuel Beckett's masterpiece was a play called Waiting for Godot (1952), which was remembered as one of the most famous Absurd Drama.参考答案：正确[判断题]8. Sholokhov established an international reputation for his monumental novel of Cossack life, The Quiet Don, written between 1925 and 1940.参考答案：正确[判断题]7. T.S. Eliot's long poem the Waste Land is his major contribution to English poetry. 参考答案：正确[判断题]6. Dubliners by James Joyce is considered his most mature work and the single best fiction ever written since the beginning of the 20th century.参考答案：错误[判断题]5. In Freudian system, Id is the container of the instinctual urges.参考答案：正确[判断题]4. Realism was made up of many facets, such as symbolism, surrealism, cubism, expressionism, futurism, etc.参考答案：错误[判断题]3. The term " impressionism” was taken directly from the title of Manet's Impressionism: Sunrise (1872).参考答案：错误[判断题]2.Diogenes is chiefly noted for his doctrine that " man is the measure of all th ings.”参考答案：错误[判断题]1. Sappho was considered the most important lyric poet of ancient Greece.参考答案：正确第六批[判断题]10. Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 is a choral symphony, choosing as a text for the finale Shiller's Ode to Joy.参考答案：正确[判断题]9. Delacroix was among the first ones in European art history to comment in his art on the events of the day.参考答案：正确[判断题]8. Goya was among the first ones in European art history to comment in his art on the events of the day.参考答案：正确[判断题]7. The publication of Mickiewicz's Sonnets from the Crimea _____ is uaually taken as the beginning of Romanticism in Polish literature.参考答案：错误[判断题]6. Pushkin stood in the van of the Romantic movement in Russia, Eugene Onegin is generally recognized as his masterpiece.参考答案：正确[判断题]5. In 1798, Songs of Experience , a volume of poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge, made literary history.参考答案：错误[判断题]4. Romanticism, which developed in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, started from the ideas of Rousseau, in France and from the Storm and Stress movement in Germany. 参考答案：正确[判断题]3. Nikolai Gogol was the first master of fiction in Russia to leave romantic conventions and go to life for his subjects.参考答案：正确[判断题]2. Zola defined the theory of realism and illustrated it in his great work entitled the Human Comedy参考答案：错误[判断题]1. In Europe, the realist movement arose in the 50s of the 19th century and had its origin in France.参考答案：正确[论述题]1.Dadaism2. The Human Comedy参考答案：。
欧洲文化入门试题及答案
欧洲文化入门试题及答案（0174）《欧洲文化入门》复习思考题I. Choose the most appropriate one for the following blanks.1. Two major elements in European culture are ____.A. the Greek and RomanB. the Judaism and ChristianityC. the Greco-RomanD. A and B2. ____ deals with the Trojan War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy ).A. The OdysseyB. The IliadC. Prometheus BoundD. Persians3. The play Prometheus Bound was written by _____.A. AeschylusB. AristophanesC. EuripidesD. Sophocles4. The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was ____ , who is Father of Comedy.A. EuripidesB. AristophanesC. SophoclesD. Aeschylus5. ____ was one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory.A. HomeB. HeracleitueC. DemocritusD. Socrates6, ____by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets.A. DialoguesB. The ApologyC. The RepublicD. Symposium7. Dante called ____ “ the master of those who know”.A, Aristotle B. Plato C. Socrates D. Archimedes 8. Euclid is even now well-known for his ____.A. ElementsB. PoeticsC. EthicsD. Politics9. ____ has been a big subject for discussion among writers and artists.A, Discus Thrower B, Venus de MiloC, Laocoon group D, Parthenon10. Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between ____ .A. Athens and SpartaB. Athens and SyracuseC. Athens and PersiansD. Greeks and Persians11. It is _____ who was the founder of scientific mathematics.A. HeracleitusB. AristotleC. SocratesD. Pythagorastook supreme power as emperor with the title of ____ in 27 B.C..Rome B. Augustus C. The Roman Empire D. Pax Romana13. The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by _____.A. LucretiusB. VirgilC. Julius CaesarD. Cicero14. The oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 books are the firstfive books, called ____.A. DeuteronomyB. ExodusC. the PentateuchD. Genesis15. In ____ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian Captivity(巴比伦之囚).A. 169B.C. B. 586 B. C. C. 536 B. C. D, 721 .16. The most important and influential of English Bible is ____, first publishedin 1611.A. The SeptuagintB. The VulgateC. Wycliff’s versionD. Authorized version17. ____ is the oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament.A. The SeptuagintB. The VulgateC. Wycliff’s versionD. Authorized version18. It is generally accepted that ____ and Shakespeare are two great reserviors of Modern English.A. the BibleB. the English BibleC. the New TestamentD. the Old Testament19. The Middle Ages is a period in which _____ , _____ and Gothic heritages merged.A. Greco-Roman, ChristianityB. classical, ChristianC. Greek, RomanD. classical, Hebrew20. The centre of medieval life under feudalism was _____.A. knighthoodB. the manorC. the ChurchD. polis21. In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into ____ and the Eastern Orthodox Church.A. ChristianityB. the Roman ChurchC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Western Catholic22. _____ by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of medieval theology.A. Summa TheologicaB. Summa Contra GentilesC. Opus maiusD. Beowulf23. The Anglo-Saxon epic ____ originated from the collective effort of oral literature.A. Song of RolandB. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.C. BeowulfD. the Divine Comedy24. Generally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between ____.A. the 13th and 15th centuriesB. the 14th and mid-17th centuryC. the 15th and 16th centuriesD. the 14th and 16th centuries25. ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.The revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture Attempts to get rid of conservatismThe flowering of paintings, sculpture and architectureHumanism26. Fracesco Petrarch, the author of ____, is known as Father of Humanism.A. the DecameronC. DavidD. Sleeping Venus27. After Reformation, _____ came into being.A. ChristianityB. CalvinismC. LutheranismD. Protestantism28. Which was NOT true about DurerA, The leader of the Renaissance in Germany B, A master ofwoodcutC, Never being to Italy D, A follower of Martin Luther29. Father of modern astronomy is ____.A. Da VinciB. Amerigo VespucciC. Nicolaus CopernicusD. Marchiavelli30. Vasari was best known for his entertaining biographies of _____.A. FabricaB. PrinceC. the Divine ComedyD. Lives of the Artists31. _____’s theories have given rise to important developments of modern science, ranging from Freudian psychology to Einsteinian physics.A. Galileo GalileiB. Gottfried Wilhelm von LeibnizC. Sir Isaac NewtonD. Johannes Kepler32. In the first _____ , Locke flatly rejected the theory of divine right of kings.A. the Advancement of LearningB. the New AtlantisC. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Treatise of Civil Government33. Thomas Hobbes’s _____ is one of the most celebrated political treatises in European literature.A. LeviathanB. the Advancement of LearningC. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Treatise of Civil Government34. The theme of _____ is the fall of men.A. New MethodB. Treatise of Civil GovernmentC. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Paradise Lost35. _____ was the best representative dramatist of French classical comedies.A. CorneilleB. RacineC. MolièreD. Descartes36. Which of the following artists helped to gring the Roman Baroque style to its climaxA. RubensB. BerniniC. BorrominiD. Caravaggio37. Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important principles of the ______A. John LockeB. RousseauC. VoltaireD. Montesquieu38. In which of Diderot’s works, the auth or developed his materialist philosophy and fore-shadowed the doctrine of evolutions as later proposed by Charles Darwin ______A. Philosophical ThoughtsB. Rameau’s N ephewC. Elements of PhysiologyD. Encyclopedie39. _____ , novelist, is often called the founder of English domestic novel.A. Walter ScottB. Henry FieldingC. Samuel JohnsonD. Samuel Richardson40. Which of the Lessing’s works was a landmark in the 18th-century German drama _____A. Minna Von BarnhelmB. LaocoonC. Hamburgische DramaturgieD. Nathan the Wise41. In _____ , Goethe draws on a immense variety of cultural material. It is not only his own masterpiece but the greatest work of German literature.A. the Sorrow of Young WertherB. FaustC. Wilhelm Meister’s TravelsD. Poetry and Truth42. Among Schiller’s works, _____ was a play best known to the Chinese audience.A. The RobbersB. WallensteinC. Cabal and LoveD. Wilhelm Tell43. Kant’s years of his philosophical studies are crystalized in three difficult books; among them ,_____ was the most important single book by any modern pholosopher.General History of Nature and Theory of the HeavensCritique of Practical ReasonC. Critiquue of JudgementD. Critique of Pure Reason44. It has been said that “ the world had waited centuries for _____ and he was only to remain here a moment”.。
华师2014欧洲文化入门答案
B.The archaic Greek artists created two sculptural human forms, the kouros and kore.
C.The classical Greek sculptors represented human body less naturally or relaxed.
A.Nicolas Copernicus
B.Johannes Kepler
C.Galileo
D.Francis Bacon
您的答案：D
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
5．第11题
Which of the following statements about ancient Greek sculpture is NOT true?
B.satirical and humorous language
C.vivid characterization
D.religious themes
您的答案：D
题目分数：2.0
此题得分：2.0
17．第31题
Which is the correct description of life in the Byzantine Empire?
A.Peasants had a hard life due to the high tax on land.
B.Scholars were skeptical of Greek tradition.
C.Women were excluded from education.
欧洲入门文化试题及答案
作业1．第15题New schools in the Central Middle Ages attracted__.A.local teachers onlyB.local students onlyC.teachers all over EuropeD.wealthy merchants only答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第23题The images of Cronus and Rhea reflect ___________.A.the matriarchal social system in Ancient GreeceB.the patriarchal social system in Ancient GreeceC.the communal marriage in the primitive societyD.the communal structure in the primitive society答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第24题Common types of myths exclude___.A.cosmic mythsB.myths of the godsC.myths of heroesD.myths of mortals答案:D标准答案：D您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第36题According to the New Testament the Christian church __.A.identified itself as the kingdomB.spoke more of the kingdom of GodC.spoke more of salvationD.spoke more of material comfort答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.05．第37题The First Crusade was important because __.A.it conquered the land of the MuslimsB.the Pope rescued the Byzantine EmpireC.it was the first example of European expansionismD.the Byzantine Empire defeated the Muslims finally答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第45题Early Romans regarded their gods as__.A.personsB.powers as well as personsC.powersD.powerful persons答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第55题Roman mythology is actually___.A.of Greek cultureB.not purely RomanC.from African cultureD.of Asian nature答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第56题Odysseus___ returned to his faithful wife after the ten-year Trojan War.A.was a Greek prince whoB.was a Trojan prince whoC.was a Greek hero whoD.was a Trojan hero who答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第57题Scholars believe that Greek mythology__.A.influenced cultures in the Middle EastB.was influenced by cultures in the Middle EastC.affected African culturesD.was affected by African cultures答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第58题According to Greek mythology ___, which goes well with the idea of Daoism in China.A.something can be produced from nothingB.ancient Greece was a matriarchal societymunal marriage was prevalent in Ancient GreeceD.farming was the mode of production in Ancient Greece答案:A标准答案：A您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.011．第59题The first complete English Bible was the work of translation by John Wycliffe from___.A.the Latin textB.the Greek textC.the Hebrew textD.the French text答案:A标准答案：A您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.012．第60题Which of the following is Not true about Christianity in the 3rd century?A.Christianity reached EnglandB.The Bible remained in LatinC.The Bible was in the hands of the church;D.The Bible in English began to spread in England答案:D标准答案：D您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.013．第61题According to the New Testament, the central message of Jesus was__.A.the kingdom of GodB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God答案:A标准答案：A您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.014．第62题In the New Testament Jesus was portrayed as the following figure except____.A.a prophetB.the second AdamC.the Son of GodD.the almighty God答案:D标准答案：D您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.015．第63题William Tyndale translated the Old Testament in the 16 century from___.A.the Latin textB.the Greek textC.the Hebrew textD.the French text答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.016．第16题In Virgil's Aeneid,Juno was described as the wife of Zeus in Greek mythology.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.017．第17题The historical narratives of the Old Testament are popular.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.018．第18题Jupiter was the protector of the Roman state.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.019．第19题The book of Genesis is composed of many individual stories.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.020．第20题The Old Testament tells the true history of the Jews.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.021．第21题The Throne Succession History of David in the Old Testament comes closer to the modern understanding of history.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.022．第22题The second law in the Old Testament refers to the book of Genesis.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.023．第25题Hebrew prophetic books are made up of prophetic speeches.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.024．第26题The early Christian church included in the Christian Bible the written records of both the Old and the New Testament because it believed in the continuity of history and of divine activity.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.025．第27题There are ten major spiritual standards in the Old Testament.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.026．第28题The end of Byzantium marks the end of Middle Ages.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：此题得分：0.027．第29题Practical advice for living a successful life is one of the general thems of the Hebrew wisdom poetry.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.028．第30题In the transformations of the Roman Empire into Middle Ages political and religious change occurred at the same time.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.029．第31题The word renaissance means "renewal".答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.030．第32题The West featured unproductive land.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.031．第33题Muhammad, the Islam leader, believed in one God that was different from the Jewish God.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.032．第34题Participants in the Renaissance came to the conclusion that their own commercial achievements rivaled those of antiquity.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.033．第35题Renaissance humanists believed it was possible to improve human society through classical education.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.034．第38题The twins Romulus and Remus were lucky enough to be saved and cared for by a she-wolf.标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.035．第39题More accurately, the patriarchal stories in Genesis should be called families stories.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.036．第46题To the early Romans, gods were holy forces.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.037．第47题The ancient Romans believed a god is almighty.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.038．第48题In the prophetic literature narratives predominate.标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.039．第49题Charlemagne’ empire was as large as the powerful Roman Empire.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.040．第50题The Byzantine Empire lost huge portions of territory to the Persians.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.041．第51题Renaissance began in Italy.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.042．第52题In the Middle Ages, people thought they were living in the Middle Ages. 答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.043．第53题Christians suffered persecution until the 4th century.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.044．第1题That women _________ in childbirth is God's punishment of man, according to the Bible.答案:suffer pain标准答案：suffer pain您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.045．第2题The monarchy of Israel arose in the ___.答案:1100 BC标准答案：1100 BC您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.046．第3题Roman emperors enjoyed almost unlimited power, so they _____ holy honors eventually.答案:accepted标准答案：accepted您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.047．第4题The Holy Roman emperor is viewed as a Christian __.答案:emperor标准答案：emperor您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.048．第5题The Europeans revived cities to remade their world fromthe 11th century on.答案:old标准答案：old您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.049．第6题The Greatest Commandment in the New Testament is that you should love ___________ as yourself with all your heart.答案:God and people标准答案：God and people您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.050．第7题he early Christians banned _______.答案:paganism标准答案：paganism您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.051．第8题The Carolingian Renaissance was aimed at fulfilling the goal of creating an orderly and unified Christian ___.答案:empire标准答案：empire您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.052．第9题Monarchy can _________ the nation.答案:unify标准答案：unify您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.053．第10题Each part of a house had a god associated with it in __________mythology.答案:Roman标准答案：Roman您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.054．第11题Adam called his wife Eve because she was__.答案:the mother of all living标准答案：the mother of all living您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.055．第12题In answer to God's call, Abraham left home,for the __. 答案:South标准答案：South您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.056．第13题To unify the empire Charlemagne first relied on _.答案:Christianity标准答案：Christianity您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.057．第14题The breakup of the Carolingian Empire was caused by the Vikings and the __答案:Magyars标准答案：Magyars您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.058．第40题New schools in the 11th century were located in city __答案:cathedrals标准答案：cathedrals您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.059．第41题In the Central Middle Ages peasants were to make new lands.答案:encouraged标准答案：encouraged您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.060．第42题The Carolingians subdued the ___.答案:Merovingians标准答案：Merovingians您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.061．第43题The Holy Roman Empire lasted over years. 答案:500标准答案：500您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.062．第44题Charlemagne means Charles ___.答案:the Great标准答案：the Great您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.063．第54题Charlemagne set ___as his model.答案:Constantine标准答案：Constantine您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.0作业总得分：16.0 作业总批注：。
2014秋华南师范大学《欧洲文化入门》在线作业及满分答案
2014秋华南师范大学《欧洲文化入门》在线作业及满分答案内容摘要：1．第1题The Wars of Roses ended up inA.The emergence of the new emblem of the red and white Tudor Rose.B.The split of the two royal houses.C.Th...1．第1题The Wars of Roses ended up inA.The emergence of the new emblem of the red and white Tudor Rose.B.The split of the two royal houses.C.The establishment of the Dynasty of Tudor by King Henry VIII.D.The subsequent ruling of England and Scotland for 117 years.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.02．第2题The gladiator show indicated Romans’ love for _____.A.adventureB.funC.violenceD.entertainment您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第3题The Italian Renaissance scholars did all the following things except for ____.A.reviving many classical texts forgotten or lost for a long time.B.spreading the knowledge beyond the small circle of scholars.C.refusing to accept religious teaching or read religious works.D.paying more attention to man’s world and life on earth.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第4题All the following statements about the Scholasticism are true, EXCEPT A.Some scholars tried in vain to forbid the study and teaching of Ari stotle’s thoughtB.Some argued that reason alone could lead to truthC.Some argued that ultimate truth could not be discovered by reason, but was revealed to human by God in His mystical waysD.The most fruitful achievement was the attempt to harmonize faith an d reason by the leading scholar St. Augustine您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第5题Christianity originated from__.A.TurkeyB.PalestineC.North AfricaD.the Western Europe您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第6题What is the limit of term for the members of the Senate of the RomanRepublic?A.2 yearsB.4 yearsC.5 yearsD.life您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第7题Egypt was conquered by ____ in 31 B.C. and renamed “Africa.”A.GreeksB.ArabsC.RomansD.Persians您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第8题The founder of the Hebrew race was ____.A.JacobB.MosesC.AbrahamD.Joseph您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第9题The ancient Egyptians divided a year into ___ seasons.A.2B.3C.4D.5您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第10题Magna Carta in 1215 in England was significant in that it __.A.really weakened the power of the churchB.spoke for the common peopleC.really weakened the power of the kingD.spoke for the nobles您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.011．第27题Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.The Hundred Years’ War harmed England more than France.B.The war stimulated the development of new weapons.C.The war speeded up the development of the English Parliament.D.The war promoted the growth of modern nationalism and awakened the national consciousness in the mind of their people.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第28题Which of the following statements about art in the Central Middle Age s is NOT true?A.Architecture was the foremost art form.B.Schools were the primary focus of architectural endeavors.C.Architecture integrated all the visual arts in presentations of Chr istianity’s rich symbolic and spiritual values.D.Other arts were used to decorate churches with sculpture and painti ng, woodcarving and metalwork, and stained glass.您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第29题What one is a correct description of the western European feudalism i n the Early Middle Ages?A.Feudalism was a product of the Carolingian world and it operated on two levels.B.A feudal king’s actual power depended on the number of his vassals.C.A vassal holding a fief must not divide it into smaller fiefs.D.Financial service was the main reason for the feudal system to exis t.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第30题The following kings were called “new monarchs”, EXCEPTA.Louis XI of FranceB.Friedrich I of GermanyC.Henry VII of EnglandD.Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第31题The largest and most famous of all Hellenistic cities is ____.A.AthensB.SpartaC.AlexandriaD.Thebes您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第32题Which description of Petrarch is wrong?A.He was known as the “father of humanism”.B.He was the first to coin the term “Dark Ages”.C.He valued his Italian writings more than his Latin writings.D.He was financed by Galeazzo II Visconti.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第33题In the year of ____, Constantine the Great issued Edit of Milan which officially made Christianity legal.A.311B.313C.324D.380您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第34题Which categories of publication does Erasmus’s The Praise of Folly b elong to?A.clever satires to expose people’s errorsB.serious moral books to offer people Christian guidanceC.scholarly editions of basic Christian textsD.collection of stories to amuse people您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第35题_____ is the longest river in the world.A.The TigrisB.The AmazonC.The MississippiD.The Nile您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第36题Which one of the following architectural constructions was not typica l Roman?A.domeB.vaultC.archD.column您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第37题In the first Greco-Persian War, Greek army defeated the Persian force s and won a smashing victory in the battle of ____.A.ThermopylaeB.MarathonC.SalamisD.Plataea您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第38题Luther attacked the belief that the sacramental system was the only m eans to salvation and called for the reform of monasticism in _______ _________.A.The Liberty of the Christian ManB.Address to the Nobility of the German NationC.The Babylonian Captivity of the ChurchD.the Ninety-Five Theses您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.023．第43题Concerning the economy of the Byzantine Empire, Islamic Empire and we stern Europe during the Middle Ages, which statement is NOT true? A.Byzantine had the most powerful economy in the world before the 7th century.B.Islamic economy in the 7th century was already very prosperous.C.Islamic Empire had the world’s leading economy during the mid-8th and mid-13th century.D.Western Europe overtook Byzantine in economy in the late Middle Ages.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.024．第44题The government of the Roman Republic included all of the following br anches EXCEPT ______.A.the executive branchB.the deliberative branchC.the legislative branchD.the judicial branch您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第45题Which one of the following groups of the people could vote in the Rom an assemblies?A.Roman generals and adult male plebiansB.anyone whose parents were RomansC.adult Roman males and females.D.literate Greek slaves您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第46题The Hundred Years’ War arose from the following causes, EXCEPT,A.The territorial disputes between England and France.B.The clash of economic interest in Flanders.C.Famine, plague, economic turmoil, social upheaval.D.The dispute over the French royal succession.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第47题Which of the following statements about The Hundred Years’ War is NOT true?A.The most famous weapons were the longbow and cannon used by the Eng lish.B.Firearms played a significant role in the battles.C.Horse-riding knights became more important army force than infantry.D.Europeans relied more and more on cannon for defensive wars.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第48题Which is not the similarity shared by Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and Boccaccio’s Decameron?A.a collection of storiesB.satirical and humorous languageC.vivid characterizationD.religious themes您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第49题Which one of the following statements about the condition of the Jewsduring the Roman time was NOT true?A.In 64B.C. Pompey conquered Judea and turned it into a Roman province.B.The Jews had to pay heavy tax, but they enjoyed limited self-rule.C.Faced with Roman persecution, the Jews had to worship the Roman emp erors as gods.D.The Jewish people hoped for salvation led by a prophet.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.030．第50题Three of the following statements are true with the early experience of Christianity. Which one is the exception?A.Unlike the Jews, the early Christians of the Roman Empire suffered persecution.B.Christianity was not the official religion of the Roman Empire unti l the 4th century.C.Christianity spread in the cities of the empire, first in the east and later in the west.D.It was Constantine’s toleration for all religions that brought new life to Christianity.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第11题The Roman Empire was the first true superpower in human history.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第12题The official language of Byzantine Empire was Latin.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第13题Muhammad was not only a prophet, but also a political and military le ader.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第14题The Late Middle Ages are often described as a period of crisis and de cline.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第15题Joan’s intervention marked the turning point in the Hundred Years’War.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第16题Troughout the Middle Ages the Iberia Peninsula was marked by unity an d plurality.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第17题The term “dictator” did not have its present day’s derogatory meaning in the period of the Roman Republic.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第18题The institution of the senate in the Roman Republic could be traced t o the Etruscan tradition.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第19题The Americans learnt from the ancient Rome in creating their federal government.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第20题The Romans were extremely intolerant of foreign religions.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第21题That the early Christians suffered systematical persecution by the Ro man authorities was a myth.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.042．第22题Although people from different regions in the Roman Empire spoke different mother tongues, they could always communicate with strangers ei ther in Latin or in Greek, the official languages of the Empire.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第23题The basic units of the first human civilization were city-states.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第24题The Minoan civilization is often regarded as the first advanced civil ization of Europe.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第25题The Greek city-states varied greatly in their governmental structures. 您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.046．第26题Due to the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformatio n, the Church of Rome lost its authority to settle all disputes amongChristians.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第39题The Vikings originated from the Scandinavian Peninsula and included D anes, Norwegians, Swedes and Magyars.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第40题Though the idea of democracy originated in Athens, the practice was v ery different from today’s western countries.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第41题The word “tyranny” was just as derogative in ancient Greece as toda y.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第42题Seven Sacraments are recognized by Catholic Church, Orthodox Churches and Protestant Churches.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0。
欧洲文化入门在线作业——判断题答案
欧洲文化入门在线作业——判断题答案标准化文件发布号：（9312-EUATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-作业1．第1题By the 15th century the Pope had become powerful in both the secular life of theEuropeans as well as in their religious life.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：2．第2题The confidence the Europeans had developed in the Central Middle Ages wasdestroyed by the travails of the Late Middle Ages.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：3．第3题The Northern Renaissance is the term used to describe the Renaissance innorthern Europe, or more broadly in Europe outside Italy.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：4．第4题It was the Romans who created the name “Africa” after they conquered theCarthage Empire.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：5．第5题Romance combined features of both vernacular epic and vernacular lyric.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：6．第6题Since the 3rd century the eastern half of the Roman Empire was more prosperous than the western half.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：7．第7题Before the rise of Islam, Arabs did not believe in Allah.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：8．第8题Mesopotamian civilization was based on the tradition, culture and custom of one single group of ancient people living in the region.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：9．第9题judaism instilled a sense of individualism ａnd equality into the hebrew society.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：10．第10题According to Aristotle, Form (or Idea) exists as a higher reality than the material world.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：11．第11题To allow a person to buy God’s forgiveness and ransom his way out of hell, the Church developed the sale of indulgences.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.此题得分：The characteristic features of the Gothic style included pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, thinner walls, large and stained-glass windows.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：13．第13题In his incomplete Summa of Theology, Thomas Aquinas sought to reconcile systematically Christian doctrine and Greek philosophy.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：14．第14题Like the Jews, the Christians rejected the Greco-Roman gods and the Cult of the Living Emperors.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：15．第15题Hagia Sophia was the perfect representation of Byzantine civilization, which is a mixture of Greek, Roman and Persian cultural elements.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：16．第16题Before the Carolingian renaissance, cultural and educational standards in Western Europe had already surpassed those of the Byzantine Empire or Muslim world.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：17．第17题Economic hardship was undoubtedly the major cause for the Jacquerie uprising.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：Troughout the Middle Ages the Iberia Peninsula was marked by unity and plurality.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：19．第19题During the Renaissance, all scholars and artists abandoned medieval qualities and embraced modern values over night.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：20．第20题Dante was the first Italian writer to compose in his native language rather than in Latin.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：21．第21题Out of great respect for traditions, the Romans were reluctant to make reforms.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：22．第22题During the period of the Five Good Emperors, smooth hereditary succession guaranteed political stability.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：23．第23题In the Roman Empire, a foreign soldier could earn citizenship through his military service.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：Legends have it that the Garden of Eden situated on the Mesopotamian plain.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：25．第25题The Hammurabi Code ensured that every one is equal before the law.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：26．第26题Acropolis is an open space or plaza that served both as a market and as a place where citizens could assemble.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：27．第27题The sales of Church offices led to low religious and personal standards of the clergymen.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：28．第28题Lyric is a poetic form so called because it was originally sung by individuals or a chorus accompanied by a musical instrument called the lyre.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：29．第29题The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V helped the Pope in the movement of Catholic Counter-Reformation.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：30．第30题Florence was the major centre of the High Renaissance Art at the early 16th century.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：31．第31题Marsilio F icino, the first man to translate Plato’s complete works from Greek into Latin, was known as a Neo-Platonist.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：32．第32题Universities served only a limited sector of the medieval population, only for men and the wealthy; women and the poor were kept out of education.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：33．第33题After Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire in the 4th century, all other religious beliefs disappeared.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：34．第34题The economy of the Byzantine Empire relied primarily on agriculture.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：35．第35题The Islamic Golden Age is a period of cultural and intellectual growth and activity that persisted throughout the Islamic world between the 8th and 13th centuries.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：36．第36题In the Middle Ages, Christians in Western Europe only needed to pay one tenth of their annual income to the Church of Rome.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：37．第37题The Hammurabi Code is the oldest known legal document in human history.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：38．第38题Athenian magistrate Solon devised the Council of 500 as a check to the power of the nobles.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：39．第39题During the 12th and 13th centuries, Romanesque style gradually took the place of Gothic style in architecture.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：40．第40题An important product of vernacular romance literature was the Romance of the Rose.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：41．第41题That the early Christians suffered systematical persecution by the Roman authorities was a myth.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：42．第42题The Roman Empire was the first true superpower in human history.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：43．第43题Charlemagne was the greatest Frankish king, who founded the first empire in Western Europe after the fall of Rome.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：44．第44题Knowing the true cause of the disease, many Christians considered the Black Death a signal of the Last Judgment.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：45．第45题The new monarchs of late 15th century Germany, Italy and Spain laid the foundation for three of the great nation-states of modern Europe.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：46．第46题The anti-English sentiment in the course of the Hundred Years’ War resulted in a strong feeling of hatred in France.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：47．第47题“Middle English” was the national language of the England during the Early Middle Ages.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：48．第48题The term “dictator” did not have its present day’s derogatory meaning in the period of the Roman Republic.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：49．第49题The Americans learnt from the ancient Rome in creating their federal government.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：50．第50题Although people from different regions in the Roman Empire spoke different mother tongues, they could always communicate with strangers either in Latin or in Greek, the official languages of the Empire.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：51．第51题Roman state financed gladiator shows to make people forget social and economic problems.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：52．第52题Similar to all ancient agricultural societies, ancient Egyptians also divided a year into four seasons.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：53．第53题The Minoan civilization is often regarded as the first advanced civilization of Europe.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：54．第54题It was only in the 16th century that the Church of Rome’s monopoly began to meet the challenge for religious reform.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：55．第55题Due to the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation, the Church of Rome lost its authority to settle all disputes among Christians.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：56．第56题Martin Luther first expressed his idea of reforming the Church by criticizing the sale of indulgences.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：57．第57题All city-states of northern Italy belonged to the Holy Roman Empire during the Renaissance.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：58．第58题During the Renaissance, many Italian scholars began to learn Greek because they wanted to translate Latin works into Greek.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：59．第59题All classes in universities were taught in Latin and mostly by a lecture method.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：60．第60题At the age of 30, Jesus started to preach; but he had no intention to create a new religion.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：61．第61题Among the Byzantine Empire, the Islamic Empire and the Frankish Empire, only the first one received continuing influence from the Roman intellectual and legal tradition.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：62．第62题It was the Sumerians who first started systematic agriculture.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：63．第63题The word “tyranny” was just as derogative in ancient Greece as today.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：64．第64题Christian Humanism helped pave the way for the Protestant Reformation.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：65．第65题According to Luther, the Bible was the only source of political and religious authority.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：66．第66题The Romans were extremely intolerant of foreign religions.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：67．第67题When creating their own kingdoms, the Germanic tribes rejected all Roman institutions.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：68．第68题Muhammad was not only a prophet, but also a political and military leader.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：69．第69题The Late Middle Ages are often described as a period of crisis and decline.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：70．第70题What really triggered off the English Peasants’ Revolt of 1381 was an attempt to collect a new type of national tax to pay for the failing war with France.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：71．第71题From the Norman Conquest until the 14th century, French was the preferred language of the English crown and aristocracy, but after 1400 English gradually replaced French as the language of law courts and administration.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：72．第72题The Italian Renaissance was largely credited to the economic success in Italy at that time.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：73．第73题In the Roman Republic, citizenship was determined by blood only. In other words, only when both parents were native Romans could a person become Roman citizen.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：74．第74题The Roman government offered free food to the poor people to achieve greater harmony.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：75．第75题The basic units of the first human civilization were city-states.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：76．第76题The Laws of the Twelve Tables was the first written law in Rome.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：77．第77题Ptolemy’s geocentric theory remained very popular in Europe for centuries.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：78．第78题All Egyptian gods have a human body and an animal head.您的答案：错误题目分数：此题得分：79．第79题Among the Olympian gods, Zeus was the chief deity and he was mainly worshipped at Olympia.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：80．第80题Reading of the Bible and his theological teaching made cl earer Luther’s idea about the malpractices of the Church.您的答案：正确题目分数：此题得分：作业总得分：作业总批注：。
王佐良《欧洲文化入门》课后习题详解(文艺复兴和宗教改革)【圣才出品】
第4章文艺复兴和宗教改革Questions for Revision:1. What made Italy the birthplace of the Renaissance?Key: Because of its geographical position, foreign trade developed early in Italy. This brought Italy into contact with other cultures and gave rise to urban economy and helped Italy accumulate wealth which was an essential factor for the flowering of art and literature.For two centuries beginning from the late 15th century, Florence was the golden city which gave birth to a whole generation of poets, scholars, artists and sculptors. There was in Florence a revival of interest in classical learning and rising of humanist ideas. And to spread the new ideas, libraries and academies were founded. In the 15th century printing was invented and helped to spread humanist ideas.2. What are the main elements of humanism? How are these elements reflected in art and literature during the Italian Renaissance?Key: Humanist is the essence of Renaissance. Humanists in renaissance believed that human beings had rights to pursue wealth and pleasure and they admires the beauty of human body. This belief ran counter to the medieval ascetical idea of poverty and stoicism, and shifted man’s interest from Christianity to humanity,from religion to philosophy, from heaven to earth, from the beauty of God to the beauty of human in all its joy, senses and feeling.The philosophy of humanism is reflected in the art and literature during the Italian Renaissance in the literature works of Boccaccio and Petrarch and in the art of Giotto, Brunelleschi, Donatello, Giorgione, da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Titian, etc. In their works they did not stress death and other world but call on man to live and work for the present.3. Why do we look upon Petrarch as the father of modern poetry?Key: Petrarch was a prominent figure of his time, a great figure in Italian literature and one of the great humanists during the Renaissance. He has written numerous lyrics, sonnets and canzonets. Petrarch rejected medieval country conventions and sang for true love and earthly happiness in his sonnets. Later sonnets became a very important literary form of poetry in Europe and a lot of poets, such as Shakespeare, Spencer, and Mrs. Browning, were indebted to him. Thus we look upon him as the father of modern poetry.4. How did Italian Renaissance .art and architecture break away from medieval tradition?Key: The Italian Renaissance art and architecture radically broke away from the medieval methods of representing the visible world. Compared with the latter, the former has the following distinct features:(1) Art broke away from the domination of church and artist who used to be craftsmen commissioned by the church became a separate strata doing noble and creative works;(2) Themes of painting and architecture changed from purely celestial realm focusing on the stories of the Bible, of God and Mary to an appreciation of all aspects of nature and man;(3) The artists studied the ruins of Roman and Greek temples and put many of the principles of ancient civilization into their works;(4) Artists introduced in their works scientific theories of anatomy and perspective.5. In what way was Da Vinci important during the Renaissance?Key: Leonardo da Vinci was a man of many talents, a Renaissance man in the true sense of the word. He was a painter, a sculptor, an architect, a musician, an engineer, and a scientist all in one. As an artist, he was very important. He has left to the world famous works such as Last Supper and Mona Lisa. Then his excellent use of contrast between light and darkness showed him as an excellent painter. Most important of all, da Vinci had profound understanding of art. In his 5000 notebooks, he put down his observations of life and his sketch drawing. In his painting he stressed the expression of emotional states. His understandings of art exerted great influence upon painters of his own generation and generations to follow. He was also very important in the science of medicine. During his life he dissected morethan thirty corpses and was a great anatomist in Italy. He placed art in the service of anatomy as a science based on extensive research.6. What are the doctrines of Martin Luther? What was the significance of the Reformation in European civilization?Key: In Reformation began in 1517, Martin Luther put forth the following doctrines:(1) He rejected the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic church and replace it with absolute of the Bible. People can communicate with God directly instead of through the church;(2) He opposed the purchase of indulgences and called for institutional reform of the church;(3) advocated translating the whole Bible into vernaculars and made the Bible accessible to every man;(4) He preached love and ideals of equality, and he was a fighter for democracy and nationalism, a humanist who helped to build a competent educational system in Germany. The Reformation was significant in the European civilization. Before Reformation, Europe was essentially feudal and medieval. In all aspects of politics, economy and spirit, it was under the absolute rule of the Roman Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire. But after the Reformation things were different. In educational and cultural matters, the monopoly of the church was broken. In religion, Protestantism brought different forms of Christianity to challenge the absolute rule of the Roman Catholic Church. In language, the dominant position ofLatin had to give way to the national languages as a result of various translations of Bible into vernacular. In spirit, absolute obedience became out-mode and the spirit of quest, debate, was ushered in by the reformists. In word, after the reformation Europe was to take a new course of development, a scientific revolution was to be under way and capitalism was to set in with its dynamic economic principles.7. What was Counter-Reformation? Who were the Jesuits? Are they still active now? Key: The counter the Reformation and to bring back its vitality, the Roman Catholic Church mustered their forces to examine the Church institutions and introduce reforms and improvements. In time, the Roman Catholic Church did re-establish itself as a dynamic force in European affairs. This recovery of power is often called by historians the Counter-Reformation. The seed-bed for this Catholic reformation was Spain with the Spanish monarchy establishing the inquisition to carry out cruel suppression of heresy and unorthodoxy. Ignatius, a Spaniard who devoted his life to defending the Roman Catholic Church, and his followers called them the Jesuits members of the Society of Jesus. Today the Society of Jesus is still active with a membership of 31,000, having institutions in various parts of the world.8. What did French Renaissance writers propose in their writings?Key: (1) The French Renaissance writer Rabelais expressed his ideas in Gargantua and Pantagruel that the only rule of the house was “Do As Thou Wilt”—to follow our natural instinct;(2) Ronsard held that man of letters should write in a style that was clear and free from useless rhetoric;(3) The Essais of Montaigne records his views on life, death and his skepticism towards knowledge, in simple, straightforward style, his famous motto is “What do I know?”9. Why did England come later than other countries during the Renaissance? In what way was English Renaissance different from that of other countries? Who were the major figures and what were their contributions?Key: Because of the War of Roses within the country and its weak and unimportant position in world trade, Renaissance came later in England than other European countries. Compared with the Renaissance in other countries, the Renaissance in England has the following features:(1) It came later; but when it did come, it was to produce some towering figures in English literature and the world literature;(2) The Renaissance in England found its finest expression in drama, crowned by Shakespeare;(3) The Renaissance in England enjoyed a period of political and religious stability under the reign of Elizabeth I.The major figures of this period were William Shakespeare, Edmund Spencer, Sir Thomas more, Francis Bacon, and etc. Shakespeare has contributed to the world a legacy of literature heritage by turning out so many outstanding plays and poems.。
欧洲文化入门练习及参考复习资料
欧洲文化入门各章练习及答案第一章填空题：1. The richness of European Culture was created by ________element and _________element. Greco-Roman Judeo-Christian2. The Homer’s epics consisted of_________. Iliad and Odyssey3. ________ is the first writer of “problem plays”. Euripides4. __________ is called “Father of History”. Herodotus5. ________is the greatest historian that ever lived. Thucydides6. The dividing range in the Roman history refers to ________. 27 B.C.7. “I came, I saw, I conquered.” is a famous sayingby _______. Julius Caesar8. The representation form of Greek Democracy is __________. citizen-assembly.判断题1. Euclid says “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world”. (×) Archimedes2. Herodotus’s historical writing is on the war between Anthens and Sparta. (×) Greeks and Persians名词解释：1. Pax Romana答：In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed by the Roman legions, it was known as Pax Romana2. “Democracy” in an cient Greece答：1）Democracy means “exercise of power by the whole people”, but in Greece by “the whole people” the Greeks meant only the adult male citizens.2）Women, children, foreigners and slaves were excluded from Democracy.论述题：1. How did the Greek Culture originate and develop?1) Probably around 1200 B.C., a war was fought between Greece and troy. This is the war that Homer refers to in his epics.2) Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century B.C.A. The successful repulse of the Persian invasion early in the 5th century.B. The establishment of democracy.C. The flourishing of science, philosophy, literature, art and historical writing in Athens.3)The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta.4) In the second half of the 4th century B.C., Greece was conquered by Alexander, king of Macedon. Whenever he wentand conquered, whenever Greek culture was found.5) Melting between Greek culture and Roman culture in 146 B.C., the Romans conquered Greece.2. What is the great significance of Greek Culture on the later-on cultural development?答：There has been an enduring excitement about classical Greek culture in Europe and elsewhere Rediscovery of Greek culture played a vital part in the Renaissance in Italy and other European countries.1) Spirit of innovationThe Greek people invented mathematics and science and philosophy; They first wrote history as opposed to mere annals; They speculated freely about the nature of the world and the ends of life, without being bound in the fetters ofany inherited orthodoxy.2) Supreme AchievementThe Greeks achieved supreme achievements in nearly all fields of human endeavour: Philosophy, science, epic poetry, comedy, historical writing, architecture, etc.3) Lasting effectA. Countless writers have quoted, borrowed from and otherwise used Homer’s epics, the tragedies of Aeschylus and Sophocles and Euripides, Aristophanes’s comedies, Plato’s Dialogues,ect.B. In the early part of the 19th century, in England alone, three young Romantic poets expressed their admiration of Greek culture in works which have themselves become classics: Byron’s Isles of Greece, Shelley’s Hellas and Prometheus Unbound and Keats’s Ode on a Grecian Urn.C. In the 20th century, there are Homeric parallels in the Irishman James Joyce’s modernist masterpiece Ulysses.3. What is the similarity and difference between Greek culture and Roman culture?答：1) similarities:A. Both peoples had traditions rooted in the idea of the citizen-assembly.B. Their religions were alike enough for most of their deities to be readily identified, and their myths to be fused.C. Their languages worked in similar ways, both being members of the Indo-European language family.2) differences:A. The Romans built up a vast empire; the Greeks didn’t, except for the brief moment of Alexander’s conquests, which soon disintegrated.B. The Romans were confident in their own organizational power, their military and administrative capabilities.4. What is the Rome historical background?答：1) The history of Rome divided into two periods: Before the year 27 B.C., Rome had been a republic; from the year 27 B.C., Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of Augustus and Roman Empire began.2) Two centuries later, the Roman Empire reached its climax, marked by land a rea’s extension: Encircling the Mediterranean.3) Strong military power: the famous Roman legions.4) In the Roman history ,there came two hundred years of peaceful time, which was guaranteed by the Roman legions,it was known as Pax Romana.5) Another important contribution made by the Romans to European culture was Roman Law.6) The empire began to decline in the 3rd century.A. In the 4th century the emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium.Renamed it Constantinople (modern Istanbul).B. After 395, the empire was divided into East (The Byzantine Empire) and WestC. In 476 the last emperor of the West was deposed by Goths and this marked the end of the West Roman Empire.D. The East Roman Empire collapsed when Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453.第二章填空题：1. ___________is by far the most influential in the West. Christianity2. The Hebrews history was recorded in _________of the Bible. the Old Testament3. The New Testament is about _________. the doctrine of Jesus Christ4. The story about God’s flooding to the human being and only good-virtue being saved was recorded in Genesis,Pentateuch, the Old Testament, the Bible, which was known as _________. Noah’s Ark.5. The Birth of Jesus was recorded in ________. Matthew6. The story about Jesus being pinned in the cross to death was known as _________. The Last Supper.7. The first English version of whole Bible was translated from the Latin Vulgate in 1382 and was copied out by handby the early group of reformers led by _________. John Wycliff.名词解释:1. The Old TestamentThe Bible was divided into two sections: the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament is about God and the Laws of God. The word “Testament” means “agreement”, theagreement between God and Man.2. PentateuchThe Old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are the first five books, called Pentateuch. Pentateuch contains five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy.3. GenesisGenesis is one of the five books in Pentateuch, it tells about a religious account of the origin of the Hebrews people, including the origin of the world and of man, the career of Issac and the life of Jacob and his son Joseph.4. ExodusExodus is one of the five books in Pentateuch, it tells about a religious history of the Hebrews during their flight from Egypt, the period when they began to receive God’s Law. Joshua brought the people safely back toCanaan.5. The Book of DanielThe Book of Daniel belongs to The Old Testament of the Bible. It tells about the Hebrews being carried away into Babylon.论述简答题：1. What are the beliefs of Christianity?答：Christianity based itself on two forceful beliefs which separate it from all other religions.1）One is that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and that God sent him to earth to live as humans live, suffer as humans suffer, and die to redeem mankind.2）The other is that God gave his only begotten son , so that whosoever believes in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.2. What are the different translation editions of the Bible?答：1)The oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament is known as the Septuagint. And it is still in use in the Greek Church today. But it only translated the Old Testament.2) The most ancient extant Latin version of the whole Bible is the Vulgate edition, which was done in 385-405 A.D. By St. Jerome in common people’s language. It became the official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church throughout the world.3) The first English version of whole Bible was translated from the Latin Vulgate in 1382 and was copied out by hand by the early group of reformers led by John Wycliff.4) After John Wycliff’s version, appeared William Tyndale’s version. It was based on the original Hebrew and Greek sources.5) The Great Bible ordered by Henry Ⅷin 1539 to be placed in all the English churches was in part founded on Tyndale’s work.6) The most important and influential o f English Bible is the “Authorized” or “King James” version,first published in 1611. It was produced by 54 biblical scholars at the command of King James. With its simple, majestic Anglo-Saxon tongue, it is known as the greatest book in the English languages.7) The Revised Version appeared in 1885, and the standard American edition of the Revised Version in 1901.8) The Good News Bible and the New English Bible.3. What is the great significance of the translations of the bible?答：1) It is generally accepted that the English Bible and Shakespeare are two great reservoirs of Modern English.2) Miltion’s Paradise Lost, Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, Byron’s Cain, up to the contemporary Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, and Steinbeck’s Ea st of Eden. They are not influenced without the effect of the Bible.第三章填空题：1. In _______ a Germanic (日耳曼) general killed the last Roman emperor and took control of the government. 4762. After 1054, the church was divided into _________ and _______. the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.3. _______ is the one who translated into Latin both Old and New Testament from the Hebrew and Greek originals. St. Jerome4. ______introduced French and Italy writing the English native alliterative verse.5. Both ___________are the best representative of the middle English. Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales6. _________ paved the way for the development of what is the present-day European culture. the Middel Ages名词解释1. the Middle agesIn European history, the thousand-year period following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century is called the Middle Ages. The middle ages is so called because it came between ancient times and modern times. To be specific, from the 5th century to 15th century.2. FeudalismFeudalism in Europe was mainly a system of land holding— a system of holding land in exchange for military service. The word “feudalism” was derived from the Latin “feudum”, a grant of land. 3. The ManorThe centre of medieval life under feudalism was the manor. Manors werefounded on the fiefs of the lords. By the twelfth century manor houses were made of stone and designed as fortresses. They came to be called castles.4. Carolingian RenaissanceCarolingian Renaissance is derived from Charlemagne’s name in Latin, Carolus. The most interesting facet of this rather minor renaissance is the spectacle of Frankish or Germanic state reaching out to assimilate the riches of the Roman Classical and the Christianized Hebraic culture.5. Gothic1) The Gothic style started in France and quickly spread through all parts of Western Europe.2) It lasted from the mid-12th to the end of 15th century and, in some areas, into the 16th. More churches were built in this manner than in any other style in history.3) The Gothic was an outgrowth of the Romanesque.论述简答题：1. Why is the middle ages is called Age of Faith？答：1) During the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order. The only organization that seemed to unite Europe was the Christian church.2) The Christian church continued to gain widespread power and influence.3) In the Late middle ages, almost everyone in western Europe was a Christian and a member of the Christian Church. Christianity took the lead in politics, law, art, and learningfor hundreds of years.4) It shaped people’s lives. That is why the middle ages is also called the “Age of Faith”.2. What is the great significance of the Crusades?答：1) The crusades brought the East into closer contact with the West. And they greatly influenced the history of Europe.2) During the wars while many of the feudal lords went to fight in Palestine, kings at home found opportunities to strengthen themselves. Thus among other things, Crusades helped to break down feudalism, which, in turn led to the rise of the monarchies.3) Besides, through their contact with the more cultured Byzantines and Moslems, the western Europeans changed many of their old ideas. Their desire for wealth or power began to overshadow their religious ideals.4) The Crusades also resulted in renewing people’s interest in learning and invention. By the 13th century, universities had spread all over Europe. Such knowledge as Arabic numerals, algebra , and Arab medicine were introduced to the West.5) As trade increased, village and towns began to grow into cities. And the rise of towns and trade in western Europe paved the way of the growth of strong national governments.3. How did learning and science develop in the Middle Ages?答：1) Charlemagne and Carolingian Renaissance:A. He was crowned “Emperor of the Romans” by the pope in 800.B. Carolingian Renaissance is derived from Charlemagne’s name in Latin, Carolus. The most interesting facet of this rather minor renaissance is the spectacle of Frankish or Germanic state reaching out to assimilate the riches of the Roman Classical and the Christianized Hebraic culture.2) Alfred the Great and Wessex Centre of Learning:A. He promoted translations into the vernacular from Latin works.B. He also inspired the compilation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.3) St. Thomas Aquinas and Scholasticism:4) Roger Bacon and Experimental Science:A. Roger Bacon, a monk, was one of the earliest advocates of scientific research.B. He called for careful observation and experimentation. His main work was the Opus maius.4. How did literature develop in the middle ages?答：1) The epic was the product of the Heroic Age. It was an important and mostly used form in ancient literature.“National epic” refers to the epic written in v ernacular languages—that is, the languages of various national states that came into being in the Middle Ages. Literary works were no longer all written in Latin. It was the starting point of a gradual transition of European literature from Latin culture to a culture that was the combination of a variety of national characteristics. Both Beowulf and song of Roland were the representative works of the National Epics.2) Dante Alighieri and The Divine Comedy:A. His masterpiece, The Divine Comedy, is one of the landmarks of world literature.B. The poem expresses humanistic ideas which foreshadowed the spirit of Renaissance.C. Dante wrote his masterpiece in Italian rather than in Latin.3) Geoffery Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales:A. The Canterbury Tales were his most popular work.B. Most of the tales are written in verse which reflects Chaucer’s innovation by introducing into the native alliterativeverse the French and Italian styles.C. Chaucer is thus to be , regarded as the first short story teller and the first modern poet in English literature.D. Chaucer and the Canterbury Tales were representative of the Middle ages.5. What is the difference between the vernacular language used in the National epics and the vernacular language used by Mark twain?答：1) The epic was the product of the Heroic Age. It was an important and mostly used form in ancient literature.“National epic” refers to the epic written in vernacular languages—that is, the languages of various national states that came into being in the Middle Ages. Literary works were no longer all written in Latin. It was the starting point of a gradual transition of European literature from Latin culture to a culture that was the combination of a variety of national characteristics. Both Beowulf and song of Roland were the representative works of the National Epics.2) The vernacular language used by Mark twain refers to both local and colloq language used in the Mississippi area, with a strong characteristic of that region. Mark twain used vernacular language not only in dialogue, but also in narration.3) His representative works Life on the Mississippi.6. What were the power and influence of the Roman Catholic church in the Medieval times?1) With a highly centralized and disciplined international organization from priests to Pope, the Roman Catholic Church seemed to be the only unity across the western Europe of the Medieval times. It developed a civilization based on Christianity and helped to preserve and pass on the heritage of the classical cultures by the official language of Latin.2) with the Pope as the supreme head of all the Christian Churches of the western Europe, the Catholic (meaning universal) church received heavy taxes from lay people and various supports from nobles and kings. Church could remove any opponents political rights or even emperors, with the powerful symbol of the Inquisition, the Church court to punish heresy.3) The Medieval Church was the center of the Europeans’ daily life and almost everyone became a member of theChurch. People turned to the Church for comfort and spiritual guidance; the Church also was the center of holy communion, recreation, trade and communal activity.4) Clergy then was the only literate class, so kings and nobles used them to implement important secular governmental duties.5) The Church took the lead in politics, law, art, and le arning throughout the “Age of Faith”. For example, Romanesque and Gothic arts were predominantly religious; in learning, it influenced greatly the western thinking with the monks’ work on copying and translating ancient books, the Church Fathers’ ph ilosophy, Monasticism, Scholasticism and Experimental science.6) originally for regaining the holy city of Jerusalem, the Church launched 200-year Crusades, which helped to bread down feudalism and enhanced the cultural contact between the West and the East.第四章填空题：1. Renaissance started in ________ and ________ with the flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture. Florence and Venice.2. In Renaissance literature of Italy, _______ was the representative poet. Petrarch3. At the heart of the Renaissance philosophy was the assertion of _________. the greatness of man.4. The idea of the greatness of man is reflected in __________ literature. Shakespeare’s5. The national religion established after reformation in England was called _______. The church of England or The Anglican Church.6. It was under the reign of _______ that reformation was successful in England. Henry Ⅷ.7. Montaigne was a French humanist known for his _______. “Essais”(Essays).8. The representative novelist of Renaissance in Spain was __________ with his famous work_______, which marked European culture entry into a new stage. Cervantes Don Quixote9. The Venus of Urbino is ___________ works. Titian10. _______ translated the whole Bible with the vernacular language. Martin Luther名词解释:1. RenaissanceGenerally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th century. The word “Renaissance” means revival, specifically in this period of history, revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture. Renaissance, in essence, was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church authorities.2. ReformationThe Reformation was a 16th century religious movement as well as a socio-political movement. It began as Martin Luther posted on the door of the castle church at the University of Wittenberg his 95 thesis. This movement which swept over the whole of Europe was aimed at opposing the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic Church and replacing it with the absolute authority of the Bible. The reformists engaged themselves in translating the Bible into their mother tongues.3. Counter-ReformationBy late 1520 the Roman Catholic Church had lost its control over the church in Germany. The Roman Catholic Church did not stay idle. They mustered their forces, the dedicated Catholic groups, to examine the Church institutions and introduce reforms and improvements, to bring back its vitality. This recovery of power is often called by historiansthe Counter-Reformation.论述简答题：1. What are the Geographical Discoveries in the Renaissance?答：The Renaissance was the golden age of geographical discoveries: by the year of 1600 the surface of the known earth was doubled.1)Columbus: Columbus discovered the land of America. On his fourth voyage he explored the coast of Central America.2)Dias: Dias was a Portuguese navigator who discovered the Cape of Good Hope in 1487.3)Da Gama: Gama was a Portuguese navigator, who discovered the route to India round the Cape of Good Hope between the years of 1497 and 1498.4)Amerig：Amerigo was the Italian navigator on whose honour America was named. His discovered and explored the mouth of the Amazon and accepted South America as a new continent.2. What positive influence does the reformation exert on world culture?答:1)The Roman Catholic Church was never the international court to which all rulers and states were to be morally responsible for.2)Economically, peasants all over Europe had no need to pay a good amount of their gains to the Pope.3)In educational and cultural matters, the monopoly of the church was broken.4)In religion, Protestantism brought into being different forms of Christianity to challenge the absolute rule of the Roman Catholic Church.5)In language, the dominant position of Latin had to give way to the national languages as a result of various translations of the Bible into the vernacular.6)In spirit, absolute obedience became out-moded and the spirit of quest, debate , was ushered in by the reformists.3. What contribution did the Renaissance make to the world culture?答：1、The Renaissance created a culture which freed man to discover and enjoy the world in a way not possible under the medieval Church’s dispensation.2、The Reformation dealt the feudal theocracy a fatal blow.第五章填空题：1. The modern world, so far as mental outlook is concerned, begins in ________. the 17th century2. _________ formed the basis of all modern planetary astronomy and led to Newton’s discovery of the laws of gravitation. Kepler’s Laws3. “Knowledge is power.” By _____. Francis Bacon4. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. By _____. Francis Bacon5. Leviathan is written by ________. Tomas Hobbes6. The English Revolution is also called __________. Bourgeoisie Revolution.7. In _______, the Bill of Rights was enacted by the English Parliament. 16898. There are two leaders in the English Revolution. _______ was the man of action and ________ the man of thought. Cromwell, Milton.9. The best representative of French neoclassicism is ________. Molière名词解释：1. the laws of gravitation: the sun, the moon, the earth, the planets, and all the other bodies in the universe move in accordance with the same basic force, which is call gravitation.2. ClassicismClassicism implies the revival of the forms and traditions of the ancient world, a return to works of old Greek literature from Homer to Plato and Aristotle. But French classicism of the 17th century was not conscious of being a classical revival. It intended to produce a literature, French to the core, which was worthy of Greek and classical ideals. This neoclassicism reached its climax in France in the 17th century.3. Baroque ArtBaroque Art, flourished first in Italy, and then spread to Spain, Portugal, France in south Europe and to Flander and the Netherlands in the North. It was characterized by dramatic intensity and sentimental appeal with a lot of emphasis on light and colour.论述简答1. Why do we say the 17th century is a transitional period from middle ages to the modern times? 答：1) This advance began in science, in astronomy, physics and pure mathematics, owing to the work of Galileo, Kepler, Newton and Descartes.2) The outlook of educated men was transformed. There was a profound change in the conception of men’s place in the universe.3) The new science and philosophy gave a great push to the political struggle waged by the newly emerged class, the bourgeoisie, and other chasses.4) The modern world, so far as mental outlook is concerned, begins in the 17th century.2. What are the merits shared by the Great Scientists of 17th century？答：During the 17th century, the modern Scientific method began to take shape. It emphasized observation and experimentation before formulating a final explanation or generalization. Copernicus、Kepler、Galileo、Newton and other scientists of the time shared two merits which favoured the advance of science.1) First, they showed boldness in framing hypotheses.2) Second, they all had immense patience in observation.3) The combination of the two merits brought about fundamental changes inman’s scientific and philosophical thinking.3. What is Baconian Philosophical system?答：1) The whole basis of his philosophy was practical: to give mankind mastery over the forces of nature by means of scientific discoveries and inventions.2) He held that philosophy should be kept separate from theology, not intimately be blended with it as in Scholasticism.3) Bacon established the inductive method. Induction means reasoning from particular facts or individual cases to a general conclusion.. Deductive method emphasized reasoning from a known principle to the unknown and from the general to the specific.4) In a word, to break with the past, and to restore man to his lost mastery of the natural world. This was what Bacon called the Great Instauration.4. What is the difference between Hobbes and Locke in terms of nature Law?答：For Locke, Nature Law, therefore, means a universally obligatory moral law promulgated by the human reason. Whereas for Hobbes it means the law of power, force and fraud.5. What is the different between Tomas Hobbes and John Locke in terms of Social Contract?1) John Lock’s Social Contract consists of :A. Society is out of necessity, convenience and man’s own interest, and therefore, society is natural to man.B. The institution of political society and government must proceed from the consent of those who are incorporated into political society and subject themselves to government.C. Locke emphasized that the social contract must be understood as involving the individual’s consent to submit to the will of the majority and that the will of the majority must prevail.D. Locke also believed that the ruler of government is one partner of the social contract. If he violates the social contract, then government is effectively dissolved. This idea was welcomed by the Americans during the American Revolution and the bourgeoisie revolution in England.2 Tomas Hobbes’ Social Contract consists of:A. It is necessary that there should be a common power or government backed by force and able to punish.B. Commonwealth, in Latin, Civitas.C. To escape anarchy, men enter into a social contract, by which they submit to the sovereign. In return for conferring all their powers and strength to the sovereign, men attain peace and security.D. The powers of the sovereign must be absolute, and it is only be the centralization of authority in one person that the evil can be avoided.。
华师作业 欧洲文化入门3
华师作业欧洲文化入门3作业1．第1题In the Middle Ages, the ancient myths___.A.predominatedB.were dominantC.were interpreted allegoricallyD.were even more popular您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第2题The early Christians were against ___.A.Greek cultureB.Roman cultureC.Hebrew culureD.pagan culture您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第3题The history of the English Bible is the history of the formation ofthe English language__.A.from a mixture of French, Anglo-Norman, and Anglo-Saxon;B.from a mixture of Greek and LatinC.from a mixture of Greek and LatinD.from a mixture of Hebrew and Latin您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.04．第4题It was ____who unified England for the first time.A.King Edward and his successorsB.King Arthur and his successorsC. King William and his successorsD.King Alfred and his successors您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第5题Magna Carta in 1215 in England was a document that __.A.really weakened the power of the churchB.really weakened the power of the kingC.spoke for the common peopleD.spoke for the nobles您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第16题The 20th-century scholars on myths pay closer attention to___.A.life and deathB.nature and cultureC.self and societyD.the content of the narratives您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第17题In the Renaissance, the ancient myths___.A.served as sources of inspiration for artistic creationB.enjoyed new colorsC.were more poeticD.became more imaginative您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第18题The continuity of the New Testament with the Old is best shown in ___.A.its teaching about GodB.its teaching about JesusC.its instruction by ChristD. its claim of Jesus as a unique revelation of God您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第19题Which of the following is Not included in the major themes of the New Testament?A.the kingdom of GodB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第20题In the 13th century, many schools _.A.were organized into universitiesB.gave way to universitiesC.were state-runD.were government-funded您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第21题Romanesque style appeared_.A.earlier than Gothic styleter than Gothic styleC.higher and lighterD.more mysterious您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第36题Which of the following is not true about the Greeks' belief in heroes?A.They were immortalB.They retain power after death to influence the lives of the livingC.They were also mortalD.They had exceptional power您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第37题Which of the following is not shared by Eve in Bible and Pandora in Greek myths?A.Being the first womanB.Being curiousC.Being put at the root of all evilD.Being turned from immortal to mortal您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第38题In the search for the Golden Fleece to regain his throne, Jason ____.A.fought against the magic goddessB.married the daughter of the rulerC.fought against a dragon that never sleptD.fell in love with the daughter of the ruler您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第39题Which of the following is Not included in the major themes of the Old Testament?A.the moral lawsB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第46题Greek myths reflect Greeks' exploration of the followings except___.A.social questionsB.the limits of honorC.the mysterious outer spaceD.mental contradictions and ambiguities您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第47题According to Greek mythology, ___ opened a forbidden jar and happened to release the plagues into the world.A.PandoraB.ZeusC.ChaosD.Cronus您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第48题Roman writers like Virgil and Ovid were famous as they ___.A.lived about three centuries before Christ was bornB.created an inspiring Greco-Roman mythologyC.introduced the names of Greek gods into Roman cultureD.introduced the functions of Greek gods into Roman culture您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第49题Which of the following is Not true about Christianity in the 3rd century?A.Christianity reached EnglandB.The Bible remained in LatinC.The Bible was in the hands of the church;D.The Bible in English began to spread in England您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第50题Black Death caused __.A.more harm in the countrysideB.no harm in the countryC.more harm in the citiesD.no harm in the cities您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第6题In the Jewish Bible there are 27 books in Hebrew.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第7题The Old Testament is regarded as a book recording the past event of the Jewish people.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.023．第8题The Song of Solomon in the Old Testament is a tragic story.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第9题The period of transformations of the Roman Empire into Middle Ages is often called the Late Antiquity.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.025．第10题The common features of the Byzantine, Islam and the west are depopulated cities, unproductive land and fragmented power.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第11题Byzantium was defeated by the Persians.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第12题According to the author of the apocalyptic writings, Evil powers would struggle against God.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第13题The Protestant version of the Old Testament is made up of the Jewish Bible only.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第14题Renaissance began in Italy.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.030．第15题The Merovingians were infamous for being foreigners.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.031．第22题In terms of literature, the Old Testament is an anthology because it is a collection of myths.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第23题The book of Genesis is composed of many individual stories.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第24题Recently, scholars argue for the Hebrew cultural influence on apocalyptic literature.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第25题There are ten major spiritual standards in the Old Testament.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第26题That you should not have sex with others beyond marriage is included in the spiritual standards of the Old Testament.您的答案：正确此题得分：2.036．第27题Christianity was spread first by Jesus out of Palestine.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第28题The pope and the Byzantine church shared the same interpretationof Christianity.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第29题The Russians by no means adopted Byzantine customs.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第30题People in the early Middle Ages by no means cared about local leaders.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第31题The thinking of the Renaissance participants was also influenced by the idea of freedom and equality, which emphasizes the worth of the individual.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第32题There were schools and universities located in city cathedrals in the Central Middle Ages.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.042．第33题The West featured unproductive land.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第34题According to the Old Testament, death is a cruel reality.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.044．第35题In the development of the Old Testament all the books came into being after oral traditions.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第40题That different from other creatures, man is a unity of physical matter and life is one of the major theological themes of the Old Testament.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.046．第41题The second law in the Old Testament refers to the book of Genesis.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第42题In the transformations of the Roman Empire into Middle Ages political and religious change occurred at the same time.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第43题Belief in the harmony between spiritual and worldly things is true of Byzantium, Islam, and the West.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第44题The pope & the Byzantine church began their conflict in AD 1054.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第45题People in the Renaissance thought the time of Middle ages was more advanced than their own time.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：94.0作业总批注：。
欧洲文化入门Exercise I(100)
A.form
B.emotions
C.authority
D.being immortal
您的答案：D
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
19．第19题
The ancient Greeks___.
A.learned myths from Rome
B.firmly believed myths to be true
B.the patriarchal social system in Ancient Greece
C.the communal marriage in the primitive society
D.the communal structure in the primitive society
B.was a Trojan prince who
C.was a Greek hero who
D.was a Trojan hero who
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
22．第22题
According to Greek mythology, ___ opened a forbidden jar and happened to release the plagues into the world.
您的答案：C
题目分数：1.0
此题得分：1.0
8．第8题
The Romans began to represent their gods in human form ___.
A.before the 6th century BC
B.before coming into contact with Greek culture
王佐良《欧洲文化入门》课后习题详解(中世纪时代)【圣才出品】
第3章中世纪时代Questions for revision:1. What happened in Western Europe after the decline of the Roman Empire? Key: After the Roman Empire lost its predominance, a great many Germanic Kingdoms began to grow into the nations know as England, France, Italy, and Germany in its place. These nations of Western Europe were in the scene of frequent wars and invasions. The political unity had given way to widespread destruction and confusion. Hunger and disease killed many lives and village fell into ruin and great areas of land lay waste. There was no central government to keep the order. The only organization that seemed to unite Europe was the Christian church. Christianity was almost the all and the one of Medieval lives in western Europe and took lead in politics, law, art, and learning for hundreds years.2. What were the cultural characteristics of the period from 500 to 1007.Key: Above all, the cultural characters of this period were the heritage and achievement of Roman culture and the emergence of Hebrew and Gothic culture.3. Who was Charles Martel?Key: Charles Martel was a Frankish ruler who gave his soldiers estates known as fiefs as a reward for their services in 732.4. What was the relationship between lord and vassal?Key: Lords granted parts of their lands known as fiefs to vassals. In return, the vassals promised to fight for the lords.5. Into what three groups were people divided under feudalism?Key: Under feudalism, people of their Western Europe were mainly divided into three classes: clergy, lords, and peasants.6. What was the difference between a serf and a free man?Key: A serf had no land and no freedom. He was bond to the land where he had been born. A free man was a peasant who usually was a worker who made the ploughs, shod the horses, and made harnesses for oxen and horses.7. What is the importance of the using of vernacular languages in Medieval literature?Key: In the Middle Ages, some “national epics” were written in vernacular language—the language of various national states that came into being at that period, and some monks advocated translating the Bible in vernacular. Literary works were no longer all written in Latin. It was the starting point of a gradual transition of European literature from Latin culture that was the combination of a variety of national characteristics.8. In what ways did Gothic art differ from Romanesque art?Key: (1) Although Gothic was an outgrowth of the Romanesque, it was given directions by a different aesthetic and philosophical spirit and reflected a much more ordered feudal society with full confidence.(2) Romanesque architecture is characterized by massiveness, solidity, and monumentality with an overall blocky appearance. Sculpture and painting, primary in churches, developed a wonderful unity with architecture. Both arts often are imbued with symbolism and allegory. They are not based on natural forms but use deliberate distortions for expressive impact.(3) Gothic cathedrals soared high, their windows, arched and towers reaching heavenward, flinging their passion against the sky. They were decorated with beautiful stained glass windows and sculptures more lifelike than any since ancient Rome.9. What was the merit which Charlemagne and Alfred the Great share?Key: Both Charlemagne and Alfred the Great contributed greatly to the European culture. Both of them encouraged learning by setting up monastery schools. The scholars in Alfred the Great’s monasteries translated the Latin works into the vernacular. Thus both helped preserve the ancient classics and culture.。
欧洲文化入门试题及答案
I. Choose the most appropriate one for the following blanks.1.Two major elements in European culture are ______ .A. the Greek and RomanB. the Judaism and ChristianityC. the Greco-RomanD. A and B2.deals with the Trojan War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war against the cityof Troy).A. The OdysseyB. The IliadC. Prometheus BoundD. Persians3.The play Prometheus Bound was written by.A. AeschylusB. AristophanesC. EuripidesD. Sophocles4.The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was, who is Father of Comedy.A. EuripidesB. AristophanesC. SophoclesD.Aeschylus5.was one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory.A. HomeB. HeracleitueC. DemocritusD. Socrates6,by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets.A. DialoguesB. The ApologyC. The RepublicD. Symposium7.Dante called ___ " the master of those who know”.A, Aristotle B. Plato C. Socrates D. Archimedes8.Euclid is even now well-known for his.A. ElementsB. PoeticsC. EthicsD. Politics9.has been a big subject for discussion among writers and artists.A, Discus Thrower B, Venus de MiloC, Laocoon group D, Parthenon10.Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between.A. Athens and SpartaB. Athens and SyracuseC. Athens and PersiansD. Greeks and Persians11.It is who was the founder of scientific mathematics.A. HeracleitusB. AristotleC. SocratesD. Pythagorastook supreme power as emperor with the title of in 27 B. C..Rome B. Augustus C. The Roman Empire D. Pax Romana13.The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by.A. LucretiusB. VirgilC. Julius CaesarD. Cicero14.The oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 books are the first five books, calledA. DeuteronomyB. ExodusC. the PentateuchD. Genesis15.In ____ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian CaPtiVity(巴比伦之囚).A. 169B.C. B. 586 B. C. C. 536 B. C. D, 721 .16.The most important and influential of English Bible is, first published in 1611.A. The SeptuagintB. The VulgateC. Wycliff,s versionD. Authorized version17.is the oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament.A. The SeptuagintB. The VulgateC. Wycliff,s versionD. Authorized version18.It is generally accepted that and Shakespeare are two great reserviors of Modern English.A. the BibleB. the English BibleC. the New TestamentD. the Old Testament19.The Middle Ages is a period in which,and Gothic heritages merged.A. Greco-Roman, ChristianityB. classical, ChristianC. Greek, RomanD. classical, Hebrew20.The centre of medieval life under feudalism was.A. knighthoodB. the manorC. the ChurchD. polis21.In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into _______ a nd the Eastern Orthodox Church.A. ChristianityB. the Roman ChurchC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Western Catholic22.by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of medieval theology.A. Summa TheologicaB. Summa Contra GentilesC. Opus maiusD. Beowulf23.The Anglo-Saxon epic ______ originated from the collective effort of oral literature.A. Song of RolandB. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.C. BeowulfD. the Divine Comedy24.Generally speaking. Renaissance refers to the period between.A. the 13th and 15th centuriesB. the 14th and mid-17th centuryC. the 15th and 16th centuriesD. the 14th and 16th centuries25.is the essence of the Renaissance.The revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman cultureAttempts to get rid of conservatismThe flowering of paintings, sculpture and architectureHumanism26.Fracesco Petrarch, the author of____ , is known as Father of Humanism.A. the DecameronC. DavidD. Sleeping Venus27.After Reformation,came into being.A. ChristianityB. CalvinismC. LutheranismD. Protestantism28.Which was NOT true about DurerA, The leader of the Renaissance in Germany B, A master of woodcutC, Never being to Italy D, A follower of Martin Luther29.Father of modern astronomy is.A. Da VinciB. Amerigo VespucciC. Nicolaus CopernicusD. Marchiavelli30.Vasari was best known for his entertaining biographies of.A. FabricaB. PrinceC. the Divine ComedyD. Lives of the Artists31.1,theories have given rise to important developments of modem science, ranging from Freudian psychology to Einsteinian physics.A. Galileo GalileiB. Gottfried Wilhelm von LeibnizC. Sir Isaac NewtonD. Johannes Kepler32.In the first, Locke flatly rejected the theory of divine right of kings.A.the Advancement of LearningB. the New AtlantisC.Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD.Treatise of Civil Government33.Thomas Hobbes,s is one of the most celebrated political treatises in European literature.A.LeviathanB. the Advancement of LearningC.Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD.Treatise of Civil Government34.The theme of is the fall of men.A. New MethodB. Treatise of Civil GovernmentC. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Paradise Lost35.was the best representative dramatist of French classical comedies.A. CorneilleB. RacineC. MoliereD. Descartes36.Which of the following artists helped to gring the Roman Baroque style to its climaxA. RubensB. BerniniC. BorrominiD. Caravaggio37.Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important principles of theA. John LockeB. RousseauC. VoltaireD. Montesquieu38.In which of Diderofs works, the author developed his materialist philosophy and fore-shadowed the doctrine of evolutions as later proposed by Charles DarwinA. Philosophical ThoughtsB. Rameau,s NephewC. Elements of PhysiologyD. Encyclopedie39.1,novelist, is often called the founder of English domestic novel.A. Walter ScottB. Henry FieldingC. Samuel JohnsonD. Samuel Richardson40.Which of the Lessing,s works was a landmark in the 18th-century German dramaA. Minna Von BarnhelmB. LaocoonC. Hamburgische DramaturgicD. Nathan the Wise41.In, Goethe draws on a immense variety of cultural material. It is not only his own masterpiece but the greatest work of German literature.A. the Sorrow of Young WertherB. FaustC. Wilhelm Meister,s TravelsD. Poetry and Truth42.Among Schiller,s works,was a play best known to the Chinese audience.A. The RobbersB. WallensteinC. Cabal and LoveD. Wilhelm Tell43.Kant,s years of his philosophical studies are Crystalized in three difficult books; among them ,was the most important single book by any modern pholosopher.General History of Nature and Theory of the HeavensCritique of Practical ReasonC. Critiquue of JudgementD. Critique of Pure Reason44.It has been said that tς the world had waited centuries for and he was only to remain herea moment”.A. BeethovenB. HaydnC. MozartD. Bach45.Which of the following writers or poets is usually called the father of European historical novelA. GoetheB. Victor HugoC. Daniel DefoeD. Walter Scott46.In 1798,, a volume of poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge, made literary history.A. Songs of ExperienceB. Lyrical BalladsC. Isles of GreeceD. Ode to the West Wind47.Which of the following Romantic writers ever fought for women ,s freedom in love and marriageA. George SandB. Victor HugoC. Daniel DefoeD. Henry Fielding48.StOOd in the van of the Romantic movement in Russia,is generally recognized as his masterpiece.A. Lermontov, A Hero of Our TimeB. Pushkin, Luslan and LiudmilaC. Pushkin, Boris GodunovD. Pushkin, Eugene Onegin49.The publication of Mickiewicz,s is uaually taken as the beginning of Romanticism inPolish literature.A. Sonnets from the CrimeaB. Konrad WallenrodC. Ballads and RamancesD. Pan Tadeusz50.Beethoven,s is a choral symphony, choosing as a text for the finale Shiller,s Ode to Joy.A. Symphony No. 3B. Symphony No. 5C. Symphony No. 6D. Symphony No. 951.sought to revolutionize the opera by making it a combination of the arts: dramatic, musical, and scenic.A. BerliozB. ChopinC. WagnerD. Verdi52.Based on, Marx and Engels developed their own dialectical materialism.the German classical philosophy B. the English classical political economythe Utopian Socialism D. the Manifesto of the Communist Party53.Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of, so Marx discovered the law of development of.the survival of the fittest, the communist partythe natural selection, the scientific socialismorganic nature, human historyD. natural species, historical societies54.In 1858 Darwin received a letter from, who, working independently, also came to the conclusion concerning the origin of the species by means of natural selection.A. John Stevens HenslowB. Charles LyellC. Thomas HuxleyD. Alfred Russel Wallace55.Zola defined the theory of and illustrated it in his great work entitled.naturalism, Les Rougen-Macquarts B. naturalism, Madame BovaryC. realism, the Human ComedyD. realism, the Charterhouse of Parma56.was the first master of fiction in Russia to leave romantic conventions and go to life for his subjects.A. Nikolai GogolB. Ivan Sergeyevich TurgenevC. Fyodor DostoyevskyD. Count Leo Tolstoy57.holds an important position in his own country's cultural history as an ethical philosopher and religious reformer.A. Nikolai GogolB. Ivan Sergeyevich TurgenevC. Fyodor DostoyevskyD. Count Leo Tolstoy58.Among Ibsen,s masterpieces,is a plea for the emancipation of women.A. GhostsB. A DolΓs HouseC. the Wild DuckD. Hedda Gabler59.Among Charles Dickens,s works,has the most intricate, complicated plot.A. Oliver TwistB. Hard TimesC. David CopperfieldD. Bleak House60.1,George Eliofs masterpiece, is regarded by some critics as the finest English novel of the 19th century.A. MiddlemarchB. The Mill on the FlossC. Adam BedeD. Silas Marner61.The term “impressionism“ was taken directly from the title of Impressionism: Sunrise (1872).A. Renoir,sB. Pissarro,sC. Manet,sD. Monet,s62.was particularly good at doing portraits of ballet dancers in opera houses.A. RenoirB. DegasC. MonetD. Pissarro63. reacted against impressionism by using color to suggest his own emoyion and temperament.A. Paul CezanneB. Paul GauguinC. Vincent van GoghD. Auguste Rodin64.In Freudian system,is the container of the instrinctual urges.A. IdB. EgoC. SuperegoD. Oedipus Comlex65.. Eliofs long poem is his major Contibution to English poetry.the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock B. Four QuartetsC. the Waste LandD. imagism66.by James Joyce is considered his most mature work and the single best fiction ever written since the beginning of the 20th century.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. DublinersC. Finnegans WakeD. Ulysses67.The term “ Angry Young Man” came to be widely used only after the publication of playLook Back in Anger (1956).A. John Osbome,sB. Kingsley Amis,sC. Allen Ginsberg,sD. Jack Kerouac,s68.poem Howl, written in 1956, was regardedas an important development in American poetry.A. John Osbome,sB. Kingsley Amis,sC. Allen Ginsberg,sD. Jack Kerouac,s69.is known as the first44 cubisf, novel: in his novels, one finds a precise, neutral description of things, registered with a camera,s eye.A. Samuel BeckettB. Nathalie SarrauteC. Jean-Paul SartreD. Alain Robbe-Grillet70.masterpiece was a play called Waiting for Godot (1952), which was rememdered as one of the mostfamous Absurd Drama. A. Nathalie Sarraute*s B. Samuel Beckett ,sC. Jean-Paul Sartre ,sD. Alain Robbe-Grillefs ∏. Match the names ofColumn A with the appropriate items of Column B.Column Ba. the founder of the inductive methodb. Don Giovannic. one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theoryd. a universal geniuse. The Execution of the Third of Mayf. Eugene Oneging. the Oedipus complexh. The Aeneidi. Fabricaj. Prometheus Unbound k. Critique of Pure Reasonl.The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs m. Encyclopedie n. the first to use the term Renaissanceo. Institutes of the Christian Religion p. the supreme figure in scholasticismq. The Betrothed r. The Social Contract s. Phaedrat. the founder of analytical geometry (b) Ten Commandments(c ) the Cantos ](d) Elements (e) Moll Flanders (f) Last Supper(g)The Waste Land(h) Paradise Lost(i)The Marriage of Figaro (j) the Starry Messenger(a) author of "The Red and the Black" (b) Polish astronomer(c)Emperor of the Romans(d) Dutch Baroque painter(e)author of the painting of MadonnaColumn A 1. Sophocles 2. Democritus 3. Virgil4. Thomas Aquinas5. Da Vinci6. John Calvin7. Andreas Vesalius8. Giorgio Vasari9. Goya10. Percy Bysshe Shelley 11. Alessandro Manzoni 12. Aleksander Pushkin 13. Immanuel Kant 14. Jean-Jacques Rousseau 15. Rene Descartes 16. Francis Bacon 17. Nicolaus Copemicus 18. Jean Racin 19. Diderot20. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 21. Euclid [ ] (a) Eugene Onegin 22. da Vinci [] 23. Galileo [] 1.1. Eliot [ 25. Milton [ 26. Defoe [ J 27. Pushkin [] 28. Mozart [] 29. Moses []( 30. Ezra Pound [] 21. Charlemagne [] 22. Raphael I ] 23. Virgil I ] 24. Copernicus [] 25. Cromwell [](f) Latin poetg) author of the poem "London" (h) Ulysses(i) leader of the English revolution(j) composer of Messiah(a) the Society of Jesus(b) Socialism : Utopian and Scientific (c) Dialogues (d) the mazurkas(e)The Counterfeiters(f) Faust(g) the Divine Comedy(h) the Advancement of Learning(i) Ulysses(j)Prometheus Unbound1. Which of the following is not true about AristotleA. In Aristotle the great humanist and the great man of science meet.B. Aristotle founded the school of the Stoics.C. Aristotle was tutor of Alexander.D. Aristotle wrote many books on logic, politics, poetry, rhetoric and other subjects. 2. Which of the following statements is true about the Roman EmpireA. The Roman Empire had never been divided.B. The Roman Empire was divided into East and West in 395 A. D.C. The Roman Empire was later called Byzantium.D. The Roman Empire was conquered by the Turks in the 15th century. 3. The Bible has been regarded as. A. a religious book B. literature C. record of great minds D. 'all of the above 4. The Catholic Church should be characterized as.A. a loosely organized religious institutionB. a highly centralized European organizationC. a highly centralized and disciplined international organizationD. a highly centralized and disciplined western organization. 5. The Crusades were wars between.A. the Arabs and the Christian PilgrimsB. the Turks and the Christians in Western EuropeC. the Christians in Western Europe and the MoslemsD. the Arabs and the Turks6. St. Thomas Aquinas defended in his works.A. feudal hierarchy of societyB. divine power of feudal rulersC. the Pope* s supremacy over secular rulersD. all of the above 7. The motto Montaigne put down in the essays was.A. What do I knowB. I doubt therefore I think.C. Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.D. Only to stand out of my light.8. Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese navigator who. A. discovered the Cape of Good Hope26. Rembrandt [] 27. Handel [] 28. William Blake [ J 29. Stendhal [] 30. James Joyce [] 21. Plato [J 22. Dante [] 23. Ignatius [ ∣ 24. Bacon [] 25. Engels [] 26. James Joyce [] 27. Shelley [] 28. Goethe [] 29. Chopin [] 30. Andre Gide []B.discovered the route to India round the Cape of Good HopeC.explored the mouth of the AmazonD.was the first to visit Cuba and Haiti9.Which of the following laws was discovered by NewtonA. Law of inertia.B. Law of faking bodies.C. Law of relativity.D. Law of universal gravitation.10.In Locke's political philosophy, the chief reason for the institution of civil government wasA. the protection of private propertyB. the upholding of free thinkingC. the abolishment of the rule of the churchD. regulation of economy11.Which of the following is" not true about the developments of the Industrial RevolutionA.The substitution of water power for human power.B.The introduction of machine.C.The beginning of the factory system.D.The growth of modem capitalism and the working class.12."Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains. "This is a remark made by.A. VoltaireB. RousseauC. DiderotD. Moliere13.In the works of can see the spirit of the Age of Reason.A. HandelB. HaydnC. BachD. Mozart14.The poem of Byron's that was translated into Chinese at the turn of the 20th centuryA. Don JuanB. Defence of PoetryC. Ode to a NightingaleD. Isles of Greece15.Throughout his his, Beethoven struggled to pass on through his music.A. the spirit of the French RevolutionB. the spirit of Byronic heroesC.ideas of a moral natureD. the praise of natural beauty3.1.is considered to be the poet of the piano.A. MozartB. ChopinD.Schumann17.Which of the following works was not written by Charles DickensA. A Tale of Two Cities.B. The Mayor of Casterbridge.C. David Copperfield.D. Pickwick Papers.18.The author of the short story The Necklace was.A. O' HenryB. Jack LondonC. Mark TwainD. Maupassant19."The apparition of these faces in the crowd/Petals on a wet, black bough. "The author of these lines was.A. William FaulknerB. Ezra PoundC. T. S. EHotD. William Butler Yeats20.regarded as the greatest Russian literary figure of the 20th century.A. ShoIokhovB. TolstoyC. ChekhovD. Gorky第二部分非选择题In the following part there are two columns. The left hand column consists of a list of names. The right hand column consists of a list of rifles, names of organizations or works. Match each name in the left handcolumn with corresponding title or organization or work in the right hand column and put the number a or b or c etc. in the bracket on the answer sheet. ( 10 points, 1 point each)21. Augustine ( ) (a) To the Lighthouse22. Aristotle ( ) (b) Ethics23. Shakespeare ( ) (c) Kubla Khan24. Mark Twain ( ) (d)A Hero of Our Time25. Titian ( ) (e) OtheIIo26, Virginia Woolf ( ) (f) Meditations27. Newton ( ) (g) The Confession28. CoIeridge ( ) (h) the Venus of Urbino29. Lermontov ( ) (i) Life on, the Mississippi30. Descartes ( ) (j ) Mathematical Principles PhilosohyGive a one-sentence answer to each Of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. ( 20 points ,2 points each )31.What are the three styles in Greek architecture32.What was Marcus Cicero noted for33.What is the importance of the Middle Ages in terms of development of culture34.Why was Jan Hus condemned to be burnt at stake35.What is the theory put forward by Copemicus in his work "The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs"36.What is Montesquieu's redefinition of law参考答案L 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A 12. B 13.C 14. D 15.C 16. B17. E 18. D 19. B 20. D22. b 23. e 24. i 25. h 26;a 27. j 28. e 29. d 30, fm. 31. Greek architecture can be grouped into three styles: the Doric style (or the masculine style), the Ionic style(or the feminine style),and the Corinthian style.32.Marcus Cicero was noted for his oratory and fine writing style.33.The fusion and blending of different ideas and practices in the Middle ages paved the way for the development of what iv the present-day European culture.34.Because Jan Hus attacked the abases of the church in his sermons and writings.35.The theory put forward by Copernicus is that the sun, not the earth is the centre of the universe.36.Montesquieu redefined law as the necessary relationships which derive from the nature of things. Write between 100 - 120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10 points)45. What are the distinctive features of Renaissance art45. The Renaissance art has the following distinctive features:(1) Art broke away from the domination of the church. Artists who used to be craftsmen commissioned by the church to paint the design became a separate strata like writers and poets doing noble and creative work.(2)Themes of paintings changed from purely celestial realm focusing on the stories of the Bible ,of God Jesus and Mary to an appreciation of all aspects of nature and man. Even when the themes remained celestial, the heroes were given human qualities and given strong muscles and sinews Of man.(3)The artists studied the ruins of Roman and Greek temples and put many of the principles of ancient civilization into their works. They began to be supported by individual collectors.(4)Artists introduced in their works scientific theories of anatomy and perspective.。
西南大学《欧洲文化入门》复习思考题及答案
西南大学《欧洲文化入门》复习思考题及答案（0174）《欧洲文化入门》复习思考题I. Complete each of following sentences with the most likely answer.1.____ culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century B.C..a. Greekb. Romanc. Egyptiand. Chinese2. Two major elements in European culture are ____.a. the Greek and Romanb. the Judaism and Christianityc. the Greco-Romand. a and b3. ____ deals with the Trojan War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy ).a. The Odysseyb. The Iliadc. Prometheus Boundd. Persians4. The play Prometheus Bound was written by _____.a. Aeschylusb. Aristophanesc. Euripidesd.Sophocles5. The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was ____ , who is Father of Comedy.a. Euripidesb. Aristophanesc. Sophoclesd. Aeschylus6. Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between ____ .a. Athens and Spartab. Athens and Syracusec. Athens and Persiansd. Greeks and Persians7. _____ e ver said that “ You can not step twice into the river?”a. Homeb. Heracleituec. Democritusd. Socrates8. _____ by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets.a. Dialoguesb. The Apologyc. The Republicd. Symposium9. Dante called _____ “ the master of those who know”.a. Aristotleb. Platoc. Socratesd. Archimedes10. Euclid is even now well-known for his ____.a. Elementsb. Poeticsc. Ethicsd. Politics11. The theory of ____ is that one should endure hardship and misfortune with courage.A. the Epicurans b. the Stoics c. the Sceptics d. the Cynics12. ____ has been a big subject for discussion among writers and artists.a, Discus Throwe r b, Venus de Milo c, Laocoon group d, Parthenon13. It is _____ who was the founder of scientific mathematics.a. Heracleitusb. Aristotlec. Socratesd. Pythagoras14. Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of Augustus in ______.a. 146 B.C.b. 27 B.C.c. 27 A. D.d. 30 B.C.15. In _____ the West Roman Empire ended when the last emperor of the West was deposed by the Goths.a. 27 B. C.b. 395c. 476d. 145316. After the 27 B. C. the Romans enjoyed a long period of peace lasting 200 years . It is known as _____.a. the Roman Lawb. the Roman roadsc. the Roman Empired. the Pax Romana17. ____by Julius Caesar are models of succinct Latin.a. The Aeneidb. Poeticsc. Commentariesd. Elements18. The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by _____.a. Lucretiusb. Virgilc. Julius Caesard. Cicero19. ____ wrote the philosophical poem On the Nature of Things to expound the ideas of Epicurus the Greek atomist.a. Lucretiusb. Crassusc. Julius Caesard. Pompey20. ____ is not Roman architecture.a. The Colosseumb. Pont du Gardc. The Parthenond. The Panthenon21. ____ is a statue which illustrates the legend of creation of Rome.a. The Colosseumb. Spoils from the Temple in Jerusalemc. Constantine the Greatd. She-Wolf22. _____ is by far the most influential in the West.a. Buddismb. Islamismc. Christianityd. Judaism23. _____ was the land promised by God to Abraham.a. Canaanb. the Middle Eastc. Egyptd. the Garden of Eden24. The word “Testament” means _____.a. Jesus Christb. God and Manc. the agreement between God and Mand. God and Christ25. The first five books, called ______, are the oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 booksa. Deuteronomyb. Exodusc. the Pentateuchd. Genesis26. Around 1300 B. C., Moses led the Hebrews to leave Egypt. With this began_____.a. Genesisb. Leviticusc. Numbers d the Exodus27. ____ is a collection of 150 poetic pieces.a. Book of Psalmsb. Proverbc. Book of Jobd. Ecclesiastes28. In ____ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian Captivity(巴比伦之囚).a. 169 B. C.b. 586 B. C.c. 536 B. C. d, 721 B.C.29. In Babylon the Hebrews formed ____ to practice their religion.a. synagoguesb. lawsc. Paradised. the Law of Torah30. In ____, Emperor ____ made Christianity the official religion of the empire and outlawed all other religions.a. 313, Constantineb. 305, Diocletianc. 64 A. D., Nero Caesard. 392, Theodosius31. Towards the end of ____ four accounts ( Gospels ) were accepted as part of the New T estament, which tells the beginning of ____.a. the 4th century, Christianityb. the 1st century, Jesus Christc. the 3rd century, Crucifixiond. 392, Christianity32. Revelation is the last book of ____.a.the Bibleb. Jesusc. the Old Testamentd. the New Testament33. Juses went with his disciples to Jerusalem for the ____ , but was betrayed by Juda and caught at ____.a. Easter, Templeb. Passover, the Last Supperc. Big Day, the Last Supperd. high day, supper34. The most important and influential of English Bible is ____, first published in 1611.a. The Septuagintb. The Vulgatec.Wycliff’s versiond. Authorized version35. ____ is the oldest extant Greek translation of t he Old Testament.a. The Septuagintb. The Vulgatec. Wycliff’s versiond. Authorized version36. The standard American edition of the Revised Version appeared in ____.a. 1539b. 1885c. 1901d. 197937. It is generally accepted that ____ and Shakespeare are two great reservoirs of Modern English.a. the Bibleb. the English Biblec. the New Testamentd. the Old Testament38. In European history, the period between ancient times and modern times is also called ____.a. The Germanic Agesb. the Age of Faithc. Medievald. Scholasticism39. Under feudalism, ______ were the three classes of people of western Europe.a. clergy, knights and serfsb. Pope, bishop and peasantsc. clergy, lords and peasantsd. knights, nobles and serfs40. A knight was not pledged to ____.a. be loyal to his lordb. fight for the churchc. respect women of noble birthd. collect taxes41. In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into ____ and the Eastern Orthodox Church.a. Christianityb. the Roman Churchc. the Roman Catholic Churchd. the Western Catholic42. _______, ruler of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, inspired the compilation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.a. St. Thomas Aquinasb. Alfred the Greatc. Charlemagned. Roger Bacon43. _____ by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of medieval theology.a. Summa Theologicab. Summa Contra Gentilesc. Opus maiusd. Beowulf44. The Anglo-Saxon epic ____ originated from the collective effort of oral literature.a. Song of Rolandb. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.c. Beowulfd. the Divine Comedy45. Dante Alighieri’s masterpiece , _____, is one of the landmarks of world literature.a. Song of Rolandb. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.c. Beowulfd. the Divine Comedy46. _____ were Ch aucer’s most popular work for their power of observation, piercing irony, sense of humor and warm humanity.a. Beowulfb. The Canterbury Talesc. Song of Rolandd. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.47. The Gothic was an outgrowth of the Romanesque, and it flourished during ____.a. the 11th and 12th centuriesb. the 12th and 13th centuriesc. the 12th and 14th centuriesd. the mid-12th and the end of 15th centuries48. Generally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between ____.a. the 13th and 15th centuriesb. the 14th and mid-17th centuryc. the 15th and 16th centuriesd. the 14th and 16th centuries。
欧洲文化参考答案
作业1．第1题The economic success of the early Roman Empire was mainly achieved by_____.A.small farmersB.slavesC.serfsD.Roman legions您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.02．第2题The wheel was invented by ancient ________.A.EgyptiansB.IndiansC.GreeksD.Sumerians您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题In the early days of the Roman Republic, ______ had the most importantlaw making power.A.the Assembly of CenturyB.the Plebian CouncilC.the Assembly of CuriaeD.the Tribal Assembly您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.04．第4题Which description of Spartan women is incorrect?A.They enjoyed more political rights and domestic freedom that the restof the Greek world.B.They received physical training instead of literacy education.C.They could inherit property.D.They usually got married at 18.您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.05．第5题Which one of the following peoples first practiced monotheism?A.ancient EgyptiansB.ancient HebrewsC.ancient GreeksD.ancient Sumerians您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第9题Major changes in Roman religious life were mainly a result of _____.A.foreign cultural invasionB.trade and commerceC.territorial expansion of RomeD.interest in spiritual matters您的答案：C题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.07．第10题Which of the following reform measures resulted in the moral decline of the Romans?A.limiting the amount of land owned by individual citizensB.selling grain at a low price to citizensC.distributing public land to landless citizensD.cutting down land taxes or rent您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.08．第11题Who is usually regarded as the “father of history”?A.HerodotusB.ThucydidesC.XenophonD.Polybius您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.09．第12题_____ is the longest river in the world.A.The TigrisB.The AmazonC.The MississippiD.The Nile您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.010．第13题The first city- builders in Italy were ________.A.the GreeksB.the LatinsC.the EtruscansD.the Italians您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.011．第14题Which of the following group of people did not constitute a class in Sparta?A.the native SpartansB.foreignersC.slavesD.nobles您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.012．第15题Which one of the following groups of people did not speak the Semitic language?A.HebrewsB.ArabsC.SumeriansD.Babylonians您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.013．第19题Which one of the following statements about the Sumerian economy is NOT true?A.The economy was mainly based on agriculture.B.The annual flood of the Tigris and the Euphrates played a vital role in its economy.C.The land was owned by the kings and the nobles.D.Sumerian businessmen helped develop an extensive trade network in the Persian Gulf region.您的答案：C题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.014．第20题The Roman Empire reached it largest territorial extent during the reign of _____.A.Julius Caesar (46-44B.C.)B.Octavian (27 B.C.-14 A.D.)C.Trajan (98-117 A.D.)D.Constantine the Great (306-337 A.D.)您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.015．第21题Which of the following statements about ancient Greek sculpture is NOT true?A.The beauty of human form was the most important subject.B.The archaic Greek artists created two sculptural human forms, the kouros and kore.C.The classical Greek sculptors represented human body less naturally or relaxed.D.The Hellenistic Greek sculptors liked to represent extreme emotions in the human face and figure.您的答案：C此题得分：1.016．第22题Which one of the following statements about the Code of Hammurabi was NOT true?A.The Code helped Hammurabi consolidate his rule in the Mesopotamia.B.The Code was based on the principle of retaliation.C.Everyone received equal punishment for the same crime committed.D.The Code was written in the Akhadian language.您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.017．第23题Which one of the following architectural constructions was not typical Roman?A.domeB.vaultC.archD.column您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.018．第24题Constantine the Great declared __.A.Christianity as the only religionB.toleration for all religionsC.the end of Imperial CultD.paganism illegal您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.019．第25题The founder of the Hebrew race was ____.A.JacobB.MosesC.AbrahamD.Joseph您的答案：C此题得分：1.020．第29题The government of the Roman Republic included all of the following branches EXCEPT ______.A.the executive branchB.the deliberative branchC.the legislative branchD.the judicial branch您的答案：D题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.021．第30题Of the following orders of columns, which one is more formal and dignified and mainly used in mainland Greece?A.DoricB.IonicC.Corinthianposite您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.022．第31题Starting from the reign of which Roman emperor such jobs as bakery and military service became hereditary?A.OctavianB.DiocletianC.ConstantineD.Theodosius您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.023．第32题Of the following philosophical schools, which one had perhaps the greatest influence on Roman laws and government?A.EpicureanismB.StoicismC.CynicismD.Neo- Platonism您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.024．第33题That Aeneid, the legendary founder of the city of Rome, was the prince of _____ suggests a certain link between the Roman civilization and ancient Near East.A.EtruriaB.GreeceC.TroyD.Phoenicia您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.025．第34题Who replaced the Council of 400 with the Council of 500?A.SolonB.PersistratusC.CleisthenesD.Pericles您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.026．第35题The Sumerian civilization had ______ cultural center(s).A.1B.2C.3D.4您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.027．第40题The Roman expansion had many consequences EXCEPT ______.A.Rome became the hegemony in the Mediterranean region.B.economic gains for all RomansC.social conflicts and slave uprisingsD.increased political power for military commanders您的答案：B题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.028．第41题The poetic creation of _____ glorifies Rome’s conquests and achievements.A.Virgil (70-19B.C.)B.Horace (65-8 B.C.)C.Ovid (43 B.C.-17 A.D.)D.Juvenal (55-130 A.D.)您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.029．第42题Which one of the countries below was not part of the ancient Near East?A.ArmeniaB.TurkeyC.IsraelD.Iraq您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.030．第43题Olive trees and grapevine were introduced into Italy by ______.A.EtruscansB.GreekstinsD.Egyptians您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.031．第44题Whose power was gradually reduced in the process of Athenian political reforms?A.People’s AssemblyB.People’s CourtC.Council of citizensD.Council of nobles您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.032．第45题All land in Sumer belonged to _____.A.the kingsB.godsC.the noblesD.free farmers您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.033．第49题Three of the following statements are true with the early experience of Christianity. Which one is the exception?A.Unlike the Jews, the early Christians of the Roman Empire suffered persecution.B.Christianity was not the official religion of the Roman Empire until the 4th century.C.Christianity spread in the cities of the empire, first in the east and later in the west.D.It was Constantine’s toleration for all religions that brought new life to Christianity.您的答案：A题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.034．第50题Which one of the following statements about ancient Egyptian religious belief is NOT true?A.The ancient Egyptians practised polytheism.B.All Egyptian gods had an animal head and a human body.C.Ancient Egyptians built temples to communicate with their gods.D.Egyptians believed in final judgement and resurrection.您的答案：B题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.035．第51题Egypt was conquered by ____ in 31 B.C. and renamed “Africa.”A.GreeksB.ArabsC.RomansD.Persians您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.036．第52题The ancient Egyptians divided a year into ___ seasons.A.2B.3C.4D.5您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.037．第53题The gladiator show indicated Romans’ love for _____.A.adventureB.funC.violenceD.entertainment您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.038．第54题In the year _____ Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire.A.311B.313C.324D.380您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.039．第55题The so-called Mesopotamia civilization included cultures developed bythe following groups of people EXCEPT _______.A.BabyloniansB.PersiansC.SumeriansD.Assyrians您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.040．第60题Which description of the Age of Pericles is NOT true?A.It is the Golden Age of classical Greece.B.It was when Athens secured its status as the capital of Hellenic civilization.C.It witnessed great developments in democracy, economy, art and science.D.It was when the nobles became a major force in politics.您的答案：D题目分数：4.0此题得分：4.041．第6题judaism instilled a sense of individualism ａnd equality into the hebrew society.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.042．第7题Octavian kept the republican system in name in order to gain support. 您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第8题All Egyptian gods have a human body and an animal head.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第16题The Hammurabi Code is the oldest known legal document in human history.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第17题Out of great respect for traditions, the Romans were reluctant to make reforms.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.046．第18题The Hammurabi Code ensured that every one is equal before the law.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第26题Though the idea of democracy originated in Athens, the practice was very different from today’s western countries.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第27题Although people from different regions in the Roman Empire spoke different mother tongues, they could always communicate with strangers either in Latin or in Greek, the official languages of the Empire.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.049．第28题The Minoan civilization is often regarded as the first advanced civilization of Europe.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.050．第36题Earlier Christian leaders all agreed that the gospel was intended for Jews and non-Jews as well to hear.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.051．第37题Athenian magistrate Solon devised the Council of 500 as a check to the power of the nobles.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.052．第38题Legends have it that the Garden of Eden situated on the Mesopotamian plain.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.053．第39题The Greek city-states varied greatly in their governmental structures.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.054．第46题It was the Sumerians who first started systematic agriculture.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.055．第47题According to Aristotle, Form (or Idea) exists as a higher reality than the material world.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.056．第48题The basic units of the first human civilization were city-states.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.057．第56题Lyric is a poetic form so called because it was originally sung by individuals or a chorus accompanied by a musical instrument called the lyre.您的答案：正确题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.058．第57题The word “tyranny” was just as derogative in ancient Greece as today.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.059．第58题The Roman government offered free food to the poor people to achieve greater harmony.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.060．第59题Acropolis is an open space or plaza that served both as a market and as a place where citizens could assemble.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：87.0作业总批注：作业1．第2题The Hundred Years’ War arose from the following causes, EXCEPT,A.The territorial disputes between England and France.B.The clash of economic interest in Flanders.C.Famine, plague, economic turmoil, social upheaval.D.The dispute over the French royal succession.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第3题What one is a correct description of the western European feudalismin the Early Middle Ages?A.Feudalism was a product of the Carolingian world and it operated ontwo levels.B.A feudal king’s actual power depended on the number of his vassals.C.A vassal holding a fief must not divide it into smaller fiefs.D.Financial service was the main reason for the feudal system to exist.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第6题Which is the correct description of life in the Byzantine Empire?A.Peasants had a hard life due to the high tax on land.B.Scholars were skeptical of Greek tradition.C.Women were excluded from education.D.Soldiers received poor salaries.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第7题In Early Middle Ages, Western European civilization differed from theByzantine and Islamic Empires in the following aspects EXCEPT for_____.A.the influence from the Germanic and Romance vernacular languages.B.the unstable political situation and a lack of central powerC.the influence of ancient Greco-Roman civilizations.D.the lower level of intellectual and literary accomplishment您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第8题During the Great Famine, starvation even drove some people to eat the following living creatures, EXCEPTA.catsB.ratsC.snakesD.dogs您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.06．第9题What were the three forms of vernacular Literature for nobles?A.epic poetry, romance poetry and dramasB.fabliaux, fables and romance poetryC.lyric poetry, epic poetry and romance poetryD.fabliaux, fables and dramas您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第10题Which one of the following statements about the Black Death is NOT true?A.It is estimated to have killed 30% –60% of Europe’s population.B.The death rate in some larger cities in Italy may have been as high as 60 percent.C.In northern France, villages suffered mortality rates of 30 percent, and cities experienced losses as high as 40 percent.D.Death caused by the Black Death worsened the situation of surviving peasants and laborers.您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第11题Which one of the following statements about the English Parliament in 1259 is NOT true?A.it included two knights from every countyB.it included two burgesses from every townC.it included the king’s Great Council (b arons, bishops, judges, advisors)D.it was a major check on royal authority您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第16题During the Wat Tyler Rebellion, the rebels marched into London and executed the following important officials, EXCEPTA.Lord ChancellorB.Lord TreasurerC.magistrate of London, William TongeD.Archbishop of Canterbury您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第17题Magna Carta in 1215 in England was significant in that it __.A.really weakened the power of the churchB.spoke for the common peopleC.really weakened the power of the kingD.spoke for the nobles您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第18题Concerning the economy of the Byzantine Empire, Islamic Empire and western Europe during the Middle Ages, which statement is NOT true?A.Byzantine had the most powerful economy in the world before the 7th century.B.Islamic economy in the 7th century was already very prosperous.C.Islamic Empire had the world’s leading economy during the mid-8th and mid-13th century.D.Western Europe overtook Byzantine in economy in the late Middle Ages. 您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.012．第21题Which of the following statements about the Crusades is NOT true?A.On the way to the Holy Land, a crusader wore the white cross on his outfitB.The Crusades increased the power of the Papacy and the wealth of the ChurchC.The Crusades strengthened the power of national monarchies and undermined feudalismD.The Crusades set the first example of European expansionism您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第22题The Black Death struck a serious blow to the Catholic Church in the following ways, EXCEPTA.The Church failed to explain why God willed this awful punishment on His followers.B.Many clergy stuck to their Christian duties and died.C.There was a severe shortage of clergy.D.Church was unable to cure the plague victims.您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第23题Which one is not the factor that led to the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire after Charlemagne’s death?A.the regional and ethnic diversityB.the conflicts between different successors to the throneC.the destructive attacks of non-Christian invadersD.the emergence of feudalism您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第24题Which of the following statements about Papacy at Avignon is NOT true?A.The reform measures of Avignon papacy turned the papacy into a more spiritual than political institution.B.Several popes were Frenchmen, and 113 out of the 134 new cardinals created by the popes were French.C.Papal influence in England and in Germany declined.D.This period in church history is called the Babylonian Captivity. 您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第25题Pope Urban VI started to reform the church and wanted to abolish the following abuses, EXCEPTA.SimonyB.PluralismC.AbsenteeismD.homosexual您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第26题Alcuin established ______ as the basis for education during the Carolingian renaissance.A.the Carolingian minusculeB.trivium and quadriviumC.medieval LatinD.biblical texts您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第32题The following kings were called “new monarchs”, EXCEPTA.Louis XI of FranceB.Friedrich I of GermanyC.Henry VII of EnglandD.Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第33题1066 marked the__A.defeat of the VikingsB.Norman Conquest of EnglandC.death of William ID.death of Alfred the Great您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第34题Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.The Hundred Years’ War harmed England more than France.B.The war stimulated the development of new weapons.C.The war speeded up the development of the English Parliament.D.The war promoted the growth of modern nationalism and awakened the national consciousness in the mind of their people.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第35题For some Muslims, Qur’an should not be translated because_____.A.it is impious to translate the very words of Allah.B.it is too difficult to translate the rhymed prose of Qur’an.C.the original meaning of Qur’an would be distorted.D.the beauty of Arabic language would be violated.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第36题Which one of the following statements about the Great Famine is NOT true?A.It was the worst famine in European history.B.It lasted for seven hard years.C.In cities alone, there was shortage of food supplies.D.By the time it ended, the Great Famine had wiped out 10 percent to15 percent of the entire European population.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.023．第37题Which of the following statements about Western Schism is NOT true?A.France recognized the French antipope Clement.B.England recognized Pope Urban.C.Scotland followed the French.D.The emperor of Holy Roman Empire in Germany recognized Clement.您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第38题The following statements about the English Peasants’ Revolt of 1381 are true EXCEPT ______.A.It accomplished its objectives.B.It received help from members of the noble classesC.It succeeded in showing the nobles what peasants were capable of when dissatisfied.D.It marked the beginning of the end of serfdom in medieval England.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第39题Which of the following statements about the development of science in the Central Middle Ages is NOT true?A.Translation of Greek and Arabic scientific works gave new impetus to the study of science.B.Arabic numbers were introduced by Italian mathematician Leonardo de Pisa.C.Robert Grosseteste, Roger Bacon and others made Cambridge University the center of scientific studies during the thirteenth century.D.Bacon wrote three important books, Great Work, Small Work and Third Work.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第40题Which description of the Islamic philosophy is true?A.Al-Farabi believed that philosophy and religion are notreconcilable.B.Al-Ghazali regarded Greek philosophy as corrupters of Islamic faith.C.Averro雜 believed that philosophical truth can not be tested.D.Averro雜 thought that philosophers can not truly comprehend theological truth.您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第41题All the following statements about the medieval commune are true EXCEPT__.mune had its own local government, its own court, its owntax-collecting agencies and its own customs.B.Some communes gained their independence by paying lords to grant it to them, while others governed alongside their lord.C.No communes battled violently for rights of self-governance.munes in Italy gained the right not only to govern themselves but also to rule the farmland and villages around them.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第46题Which one of the following statements was NOT a factor that brought about the agricultural growth during the Central Middle Ages?A.The climate improved and the temperature was higher.B.More lands were under cultivated.C.Farming technology improved greatly.D.The food price dropped drastically.您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第48题Which factor directly resulted in the first great split in Christianity in 1054?A.The rulers of most European peoples adopted Christianity for themselves and their subjectsB.The invasions from Vikings and Magyars not only destroyed many churches and monasteries but also greatly damaged the church institutionsC.There were few schools to train clergy, and many church officers were shallow and incompetentD.Pope Leo IX asserted the supreme authority of the papacy and clashed with the Patriarch of Constantinople Michael Cerularius您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.030．第50题Which of the following statements about The Hundred Years’ War is NO T true?A.The most famous weapons were the longbow and cannon used by the English.B.Firearms played a significant role in the battles.C.Horse-riding knights became more important army force than infantry.D.Europeans relied more and more on cannon for defensive wars.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第1题Hagia Sophia was the perfect representation of Byzantine civilization, which is a mixture of Greek, Roman and Persian cultural elements.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第4题The official language of Byzantine Empire was Latin.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第5题The Late Middle Ages are often described as a period of crisis and decline.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第12题Universities served only a limited sector of the medieval population, only for men and the wealthy; women and the poor were kept out of education.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第13题Among the Byzantine Empire, the Islamic Empire and the Frankish Empire, only the first one received continuing influence from the Roman intellectual and legal tradition.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第14题The Vikings originated from the Scandinavian Peninsula and included Danes, Norwegians, Swedes and Magyars.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第15题Seven Sacraments are recognized by Catholic Church, Orthodox Churches and Protestant Churches.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第19题Before the Carolingian renaissance, cultural and educational standards in Western Europe had already surpassed those of the Byzantine Empire or Muslim world.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第20题The new monarchs of late 15th century Germany, Italy and Spain laid the foundation for three of the great nation-states of modern Europe.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第27题Romanesque architecture was known by its massive quality, round arches, barrel vaults, thick walls, sturdy pillars, small windows, large towers and decorative arcading.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第28题Since the 3rd century the eastern half of the Roman Empire was more prosperous than the western half.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.042．第29题The Islamic Golden Age is a period of cultural and intellectual growth and activity that persisted throughout the Islamic world between the 8th and 13th centuries.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第30题The characteristic features of the Gothic style included pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, thinner walls, large and stained-glass windows.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第31题When creating their own kingdoms, the Germanic tribes rejected all Roman institutions.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第42题Romance combined features of both vernacular epic and vernacular lyric.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.046．第43题Before the rise of Islam, Arabs did not believe in Allah.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第44题During the 12th and 13th centuries, Romanesque style gradually took the place of Gothic style in architecture.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第45题An important product of vernacular romance literature was the Romance of the Rose.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第47题Muhammad was not only a prophet, but also a political and military leader.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第49题What really triggered off the English Peasants’ Revolt of 1381 wa s an attempt to collect a new type of national tax to pay for the failing war with France.您的答案：正确题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：96.0作业总批注：作业1．第1题Which of the following statements is NOT true with the text?A.Martin Luther was a German missionary.B.Martin was declared an outlaw in the Empire.C.The Pope condemned Martin Luther’s beliefs.D.The Pope ordered Luther to change his beliefs.您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.02．第2题Which is not one of the things that the Viscontis, the Sforzas and theMedicis had in common?A.They were wealthy and powerful families in Italy.B.They were rulers of Milan during the Renaissance.C.They ordered the construction of great architectures.D.They were generous patrons of artists and intellectuals.您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题Which is not one of the three great achievements of Italian Renaissanceart?A.the revival of classical textsB.the discovery of linear perspectiveC.the knowledge of anatomyD.the knowledge of the classical forms您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.04．第4题Which categories of publication does Erasmus’s The Praise of Folly belong to?A.clever satires to expose people’s errorsB.serious moral books to offer people Christian guidanceC.scholarly editions of basic Christian textsD.collection of stories to amuse people您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.05．第5题In terms of science, what was the significant shift in thinking during the Renaissance Age?A.the inclusion of science in the educational programB.the emphasis on how things happened in natureC.the development of new scientific methodsD.the acceptance of heliocentric theory您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题Luther attacked the belief that the sacramental system was the only means to salvation and called for the reform of monasticism in________________.A.The Liberty of the Christian ManB.Address to the Nobility of the German NationC.The Babylonian Captivity of the ChurchD.the Ninety-Five Theses您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.07．第7题Like Luther, Calvin ____________A.believed man, from birth, is predestined by God for salvation or damnation.B.believed that the order and discipline of the early church should。
欧洲入门文化试题及答案)
作业1．第3题William Tyndale translated the New Testament in the 16 century from___.A.the Latin textB.the Greek textC.the Hebrew textD.the French text答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第4题Overgrowth of population in Europe in the Late Middle Ages caused __.A.the shortage of cultivated landB.the shortage of food supplyC.the new methods of agricultureD.the disastrous change of climate答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第13题A myth is ___.A.an accepted narrativeB.an oral literary work traditionally acceptedC.a traditionD.a retelling答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第14题Romanesque style appeared_.A.earlier than Gothic styleter than Gothic styleC.higher and lighterD.more mysterious答案:A标准答案：A您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第22题In the Middle Ages, the ancient myths___.A.predominatedB.were dominantC.were interpreted allegoricallyD.were even more popular答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第23题By a complex process of violence, struggle, and sexual attraction,__built up the power.A.PandoraB.ZeusC.ChaosD.Cronus答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.07．第28题The first complete English Bible was the work of translation by John Wycliffe from___.A.the Latin textB.the Greek textC.the Hebrew textD.the French text答案:A标准答案：A您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.08．第38题Myths____.A.are all religiousB.all explain the interaction of divine and human worldsC.explain the origin of man and natureD.are all ture答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第39题According to Greek myths about creation, ____was the foundation of all things.A.ZeusB.JupiterC.CronusD.Chaos答案:D标准答案：D您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第40题The early Christians were against ___.A.Greek cultureB.Roman cultureC.Hebrew culureD.pagan culture答案:D标准答案：D您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第50题Which is not true in the following about the disruptive deities?A.They were in fact monstersB.They were powerfulC.They were in fact mortalsD.They looked part human and part animal答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第56题The name Jesus suggests__.A.Jehovah's sonB.that God saves us from sinC.salvationD.sacrifice答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第57题The images of Cronus and Rhea reflect ___________.A.the matriarchal social system in Ancient GreeceB.the patriarchal social system in Ancient GreeceC.the communal marriage in the primitive societyD.the communal structure in the primitive society答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第58题Which of the following is Not included in the major themes of the Old Testament?A.the moral lawsB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God答案:C标准答案：C您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第59题Which of the following is Not included in the major themes of the NewTestament?A.the kingdom of GodB.the human personsC.the Holy SpiritD.God答案:B标准答案：B您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第5题Prose is not the literary form found in the Old Testament.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.017．第6题Jupiter was not the god of fire.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.018．第7题Books of Moses focus on law of nature.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.019．第8题The books of Deuteronomy recorded Israel's whole history.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.020．第9题The Throne Succession History of David in the Old Testament comes closer to the modern understanding of history.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.021．第15题The early Romans cared about the human characters of gods.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.022．第16题The Protestant version of the Old Testament is made up of the Jewish Bible only.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.023．第20题Renaissance eventually expanded into Germany, France, England, and other parts of the Mediterranean Sea.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.024．第24题According to Roman mythology, the Romans originated from Asia Minor.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.025．第25题Early Christians regarded the Old Testament as an agreement God made through Moses.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.026．第26题The ancient Romans believed a god is almighty.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：此题得分：0.027．第29题The Old Testament tells the true history of the Jews.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.028．第30题The common feature of Hebrew poetry is rhyming.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.029．第31题The Russians by no means adopted Byzantine customs.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.030．第32题In the Middle Ages, people thought they were living in the Middle Ages.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.031．第33题Renaissance classical education relied on teachings from ancient texts and emphasized a range of disciplines, including electronics, electricity, physiology, and philosophy.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.032．第34题Renaissance began in Italy.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.033．第35题Christians suffered persecution until the 4th century.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.034．第36题The major theological theme of the Old Testament is that Yahweh is the only God in the world.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：此题得分：0.035．第37题The most significant part of the Jewish Bible is that of the poems.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.036．第41题Christianity originated from the Western Europe.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.037．第42题The West featured unproductive land.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.038．第43题The Merovingians were infamous for being foreigners.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.039．第44题By 750 the Muslims had subdued Turkey.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.040．第60题The historical narratives of the Old Testament are popular.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.041．第61题Our knowledge about Roman mythology comes mostly from the works of Greek writers.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.042．第62题Early Romans began to build temples for their gods 170 years before the city was founded.答案:错误标准答案：0您的答案：此题得分：0.043．第63题There were schools and universities located in city cathedrals in the Central Middle Ages.答案:正确标准答案：1您的答案：题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.044．第1题Unlike Christianity, Judaism___ in more gods.答案:believes标准答案：believes您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.045．第2题That women _________ in childbirth is God's punishment of man, according to the Bible.答案:suffer pain标准答案：suffer pain您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.046．第10题Favored by God, Moses eventually led his people out of the hand of the ___.答案:Egyptians标准答案：Egyptians您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.047．第11题The New Testament was edited in ________ Empire.答案:Roman标准答案：Roman您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.048．第12题Charlemagne' empire was different from the Roman Empire for it was an empire of the Atlantic Ocean and the North __.答案:Sea标准答案：Sea您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.049．第17题The Romans __________ domestic gods daily.答案:worshipped标准答案：worshipped您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.050．第18题According to the story of creation, God formed man from the dust of ___________.答案:the ground标准答案：the ground您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.051．第19题The monarchy of Israel arose in the ___.答案:1100 BC标准答案：1100 BC您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.052．第21题Charlemagne' empire was gained by __.答案:force标准答案：force您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.053．第27题King ___ established a powerful empire in Israel. 答案:David标准答案：David您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.054．第45题The idea of regarding emperors as gods __ in the first century of the Roman Empire.答案:ended标准答案：ended您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.055．第46题More and more foreign gods found their way into the Roman culture with Roman expansion because Rome became an ________.答案:international trading center标准答案：international trading center您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.056．第47题Charlemagne wanted to be known as a emperor.答案:Christian标准答案：Christian您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.057．第48题Guilds in the cities of the Central Middle Ages were communities of the __.答案:craftsmen标准答案：craftsmen您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.058．第49题Charlemagne means Charles ___.答案:the Great标准答案：the Great您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.059．第51题The New Testament consists of _____ books .答案:27标准答案：27您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.060．第52题Foreign invasions caused a England.答案:unified标准答案：unified您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.061．第53题Fairs in towns of the Central Middle Ages attracted foreign __.答案:traders标准答案：traders您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.062．第54题Charlemagne preferred to claim that he was crowned emperor by .答案:God标准答案：God您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.063．第55题The Holy Roman Empire Italy today.答案:included标准答案：included您的答案：题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.0作业总得分：26.0 作业总批注：。