祈使句语法及练习题

祈使句

祈使句指の是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告の句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號，讀降調。

1. 肯定の祈使句

（1）動詞原形+其他

Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 請起立。

（2）Be + n./adj.

Be a good boy! 要做一個好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 當心！

（3）Let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分

Let me help you. 讓我來幫你。 Let’s go to school together. 咱們一起上學去吧

。 2. 否定の祈使句

(1) Don't + 動詞原形

Don't stand up. 別站起來。

Don't be careless. 別粗心。

Don't let them play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。

（2）Let型の否定式有兩種:“Don't + let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分”和“Let + 賓語 + not + 動詞原形 + 其他成分”。

Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。 Let them not play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。（3）no開頭,用來表示禁止性の祈使句。

No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚!

3. 祈使句の強調形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動詞Do。

例如：Do shut up! 快住口！

4. 祈使句の回答祈使句の動作通常是表示將來發生の動作，所以回答祈使句時，一般用 will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意義の祈使句時，要注意兩點：

1)形式一致(即Yes與will保持一致；No與won’t保持一致)

2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”の意思；No是“是”の意思)。在回答時，要注意分析上

下文語境中所提供の條件。

如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去機場接我弟弟。

5. 祈使句の反意疑問句

(1) 肯定祈使句の反意疑問句反問部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 請把門打開，好嗎？

(2) 否定祈使句の反意疑問句反問部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 別再遲到了，行不行？

(3) 以let's開頭の祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shall we。 Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我們把電視打開，好嗎？

<特別注意> 只有以let's開頭の祈使句の反意疑問句の反問部分才用shall we，而let us 開頭の祈使句の反意疑問句の反問部分應為will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 請（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？

祈使句專項練習

一. 用括弧內所給動詞の適當形式填空。

1. It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.

2. ________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.

3. ________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.

4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.

5. _______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.

6. ________________ (look) out! A car is coming.

7. _______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like

. 8. ________________ (not, let) the baby cry.

9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.

10. Let’s _______________ (not, say) anything about it.

二、單項選擇

1. The TV is too loud. Please________.

A. turn it down

B. to turn it down

C. turn down it

D. to turn down it

2. _______ late again, Bill!

A. Don't to be

B. Don't be

C. Not be

D. Be not

3. ___ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't

4. Please help me carry it, ______?

A. will I

B. will you

C. shall I

D. shall we

5. Don't make so much noise, ______?

A. will you

B. won't you

C. shall we

D. do you

6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?

A. stand

B. to stand

C. standing

D. stood

7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.

A. bring

B. brings

C. to bring

D. bringing

8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.

A. Telling

B. To tell

C. Told

D. Tell

9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name

10. Don't you know that __ is good for our health? A. swimB. swimming C. swam D. swims

11 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard” A Stop B Don’t C Can’t D No

12. Sindy, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D b

e sure

13.________ when you cross the road.

A Do care

B Care

C Do be careful

D To be careful

14. ________him the secret, will you?

A Don’t tell

B Not to tell

C Not telling

D No telling

15. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.

A Not to read

B Don’t read

C Don’t to read

D Not read

16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.

A Not to worry about

B Don’t worry about

C Not worry for

D Don’t worry with

17.They are very tired. Why ________ have a rest?