第六章 硅酸盐水泥熟料显微结构分析
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• Transmitted, plane-polarized light
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ITSM / ITIL
• Same field of view as previous photograph except in partially crossed polars. Various interference colors due, in large part, to different crystallographic orientations.
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
花环状结构A矿和片状C3A
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extracted with maleic acid, and © unextracted—the plug
has been cut and polished; (7) thin section of whole
clinkers; section thickness is approximately 22 mm; (8)
ITSM / ITIL
第七章 硅酸盐水泥熟料的显微结构 分析
1、硅酸盐熟料岩相（显微结构）分析的作用 2、硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成 3、硅酸盐水泥熟料岩相分析样品制备 4、硅酸盐水泥熟料的岩相形态 4、硅酸盐水泥熟料岩相形态的变化
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
主要包括: • Alite（简称阿利特或A矿）； • Belite（简称贝利特或B矿）； • 黑色中间相（C3A）； • 白色中间相Celite（简称才利特或C矿，C4AF）； • 少量的游离氧化钙（f-CaO）、方镁石、玻璃相等。
表式，可简写为C4AF； • 玻璃体、方镁石、游离氧化钙
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
三ITS、M /硅ITIL酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成
Figure 4-1. Modes of sample preparation:
orientations in partially cross-
polarized light. High maximum
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
temperature, longSinbo-ui Trenchinnoglogy Ltd.
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
1. A矿 （Alite）
• A矿是含有少量MgO、Al2O3和Fe2O3的硅酸三钙（C3S ）固 溶体。
• 纯的硅酸三钙属于三斜晶系； • A矿晶体最常见的是单斜晶系。晶体外形为假六方片状或
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ITSM / ITIL
• 图9-6是受酸性溶液浸蚀后形成的港湾状结构； • 图9-7是内外成份不同出现的环带结构，等等。
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
正常煅烧熟料中A矿晶 体的大小约20-30μm，呈 边棱平直，六角板，柱状 的自形晶（图9-3）。
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impregnated with epoxy, cut, and polished; (6) drilled
holes in an epoxy plug, filled individually with cement (a)
extracted with a potassium hydroxide-sugar solution, (b)
(1) single clinker, impregnated with epoxy resin, cut, and polished; (2) crushed clinker fragments, encapsulated and impregnated with epoxy, cut, and polished; (3) whole clinkers impregnated with epoxy and mounted on a thin film of epoxy on a glass microscope slide, cut and polished; (4) millimeter-size crushed clinkers, embedded in epoxy, ground, and polished;
ITSM / ITIL
• A矿晶体中常可发现包裹着其他晶体的包裹结构（图9-4，图 8-1-8，图3，图4）。
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ITSM / ITIL百度文库
图3 包晶结构的阿里特晶体
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ITSM / ITIL
四、硅酸盐水泥熟料的岩相形态
• 从岩相分析的角度看，硅酸盐水泥熟料是多矿物组成的 集合体。
• 因此，水泥熟料实际上是一种多矿物组成的结晶细小的 人造岩石。
图4 阿里特包裹f-CaO、C3A结构 1% 硝酸酒精
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
图9-5是慢冷熟料A矿分解，周围环绕着析出的小颗粒C2S晶体的 花环状结构。
ITSM / ITIL
• Euhedral to subhedral, zoned, yellowish tan alite; dark, round belite with typical multidirectional lamellae; and a well-differentiated matrix of aluminate (C3A) and ferrite (C4AF). Small belite inclusions in alite. Epoxy-filled pore at bottom of photo. Coalfired kiln, wet-process, 1000 tons/day, 38 MPa; coarse seashell feed (30% greater than 75 mm).
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
二、硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成
硅酸盐水泥熟料主要由以下四种矿物组成： • 硅 酸 三 钙 --- 3CaO·SiO2，可简写为C3S； • 硅 酸 二 钙 --- 2CaO·SiO2，可简写为C2S； • 铝 酸 三 钙 --- 3CaO·Al2O3，可简写为C3A； • 铁相固溶体--- 通常以铁铝酸四钙4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3作为其代
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
(5) cement, size graded by sedimentation in an alcohol-
mineral spirits mixture in a glass vial, dried,
ITSM / ITIL
在反光显微镜下， • 用 1% 的 NH4Cl 水溶液浸蚀光片后A矿呈兰色； • 用 1% 硝酸酒精浸蚀光片后，A矿呈棕色。
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
一、熟料岩相分析的作用
• 1、鉴定熟料矿物相组成、煅烧过程、均匀性； • 2、直接观察到各个矿相的形状、尺寸以及其分布状态，快速
判断生产工艺过程中存在的问题； • 3、根据岩相分析对水泥性能和生产工艺实现系统优化：
提高熟料活性、减少水泥中的混合材用量； 优化窑内煅烧工艺制度，降低烧成热耗； 改善熟料的易磨性，降低水泥生产的粉磨电耗； 分析鉴定水泥质量存在的问题
• plane-polarized light
• Section thickness = 15 mm
Same field of view as previous
photograph. Different shades of
gray on silicates indicate
different crystallographic
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
• Uniform silicate distribution in polished clinker thin section showing angular, equant to elongated alite; round, clear belite with typical multidirectional lamellae; and a finely microcrystalline matrix of aluminate (C3A) and ferrite (C4AF).
• Polished section
• Nital etch
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
ITSM / ITIL
• Clinker thin section (approximately 15 mm thick) showing relatively large angular alite; smaller, round belite; and normal ferrite with its short slender intersecting crystals, between which the aluminate occurs (not visible at this magnification).
板状，有时出现短柱状等，图8-1-1、7-2、7-3。 （ρ为几何轴率，为晶体长度与宽度之比，一般为2）。
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
• Same field of view as previous photograph except in partially crossed polars. Various interference colors due, in large part, to different crystallographic orientations.
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
花环状结构A矿和片状C3A
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
extracted with maleic acid, and © unextracted—the plug
has been cut and polished; (7) thin section of whole
clinkers; section thickness is approximately 22 mm; (8)
ITSM / ITIL
第七章 硅酸盐水泥熟料的显微结构 分析
1、硅酸盐熟料岩相（显微结构）分析的作用 2、硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成 3、硅酸盐水泥熟料岩相分析样品制备 4、硅酸盐水泥熟料的岩相形态 4、硅酸盐水泥熟料岩相形态的变化
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
主要包括: • Alite（简称阿利特或A矿）； • Belite（简称贝利特或B矿）； • 黑色中间相（C3A）； • 白色中间相Celite（简称才利特或C矿，C4AF）； • 少量的游离氧化钙（f-CaO）、方镁石、玻璃相等。
表式，可简写为C4AF； • 玻璃体、方镁石、游离氧化钙
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
三ITS、M /硅ITIL酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成
Figure 4-1. Modes of sample preparation:
orientations in partially cross-
polarized light. High maximum
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
temperature, longSinbo-ui Trenchinnoglogy Ltd.
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
1. A矿 （Alite）
• A矿是含有少量MgO、Al2O3和Fe2O3的硅酸三钙（C3S ）固 溶体。
• 纯的硅酸三钙属于三斜晶系； • A矿晶体最常见的是单斜晶系。晶体外形为假六方片状或
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
• 图9-6是受酸性溶液浸蚀后形成的港湾状结构； • 图9-7是内外成份不同出现的环带结构，等等。
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
正常煅烧熟料中A矿晶 体的大小约20-30μm，呈 边棱平直，六角板，柱状 的自形晶（图9-3）。
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
impregnated with epoxy, cut, and polished; (6) drilled
holes in an epoxy plug, filled individually with cement (a)
extracted with a potassium hydroxide-sugar solution, (b)
(1) single clinker, impregnated with epoxy resin, cut, and polished; (2) crushed clinker fragments, encapsulated and impregnated with epoxy, cut, and polished; (3) whole clinkers impregnated with epoxy and mounted on a thin film of epoxy on a glass microscope slide, cut and polished; (4) millimeter-size crushed clinkers, embedded in epoxy, ground, and polished;
ITSM / ITIL
• A矿晶体中常可发现包裹着其他晶体的包裹结构（图9-4，图 8-1-8，图3，图4）。
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL百度文库
图3 包晶结构的阿里特晶体
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Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
四、硅酸盐水泥熟料的岩相形态
• 从岩相分析的角度看，硅酸盐水泥熟料是多矿物组成的 集合体。
• 因此，水泥熟料实际上是一种多矿物组成的结晶细小的 人造岩石。
图4 阿里特包裹f-CaO、C3A结构 1% 硝酸酒精
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
图9-5是慢冷熟料A矿分解，周围环绕着析出的小颗粒C2S晶体的 花环状结构。
ITSM / ITIL
• Euhedral to subhedral, zoned, yellowish tan alite; dark, round belite with typical multidirectional lamellae; and a well-differentiated matrix of aluminate (C3A) and ferrite (C4AF). Small belite inclusions in alite. Epoxy-filled pore at bottom of photo. Coalfired kiln, wet-process, 1000 tons/day, 38 MPa; coarse seashell feed (30% greater than 75 mm).
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
二、硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成
硅酸盐水泥熟料主要由以下四种矿物组成： • 硅 酸 三 钙 --- 3CaO·SiO2，可简写为C3S； • 硅 酸 二 钙 --- 2CaO·SiO2，可简写为C2S； • 铝 酸 三 钙 --- 3CaO·Al2O3，可简写为C3A； • 铁相固溶体--- 通常以铁铝酸四钙4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3作为其代
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
(5) cement, size graded by sedimentation in an alcohol-
mineral spirits mixture in a glass vial, dried,
ITSM / ITIL
在反光显微镜下， • 用 1% 的 NH4Cl 水溶液浸蚀光片后A矿呈兰色； • 用 1% 硝酸酒精浸蚀光片后，A矿呈棕色。
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
一、熟料岩相分析的作用
• 1、鉴定熟料矿物相组成、煅烧过程、均匀性； • 2、直接观察到各个矿相的形状、尺寸以及其分布状态，快速
判断生产工艺过程中存在的问题； • 3、根据岩相分析对水泥性能和生产工艺实现系统优化：
提高熟料活性、减少水泥中的混合材用量； 优化窑内煅烧工艺制度，降低烧成热耗； 改善熟料的易磨性，降低水泥生产的粉磨电耗； 分析鉴定水泥质量存在的问题
• plane-polarized light
• Section thickness = 15 mm
Same field of view as previous
photograph. Different shades of
gray on silicates indicate
different crystallographic
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
• Uniform silicate distribution in polished clinker thin section showing angular, equant to elongated alite; round, clear belite with typical multidirectional lamellae; and a finely microcrystalline matrix of aluminate (C3A) and ferrite (C4AF).
• Polished section
• Nital etch
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
ITSM / ITIL
• Clinker thin section (approximately 15 mm thick) showing relatively large angular alite; smaller, round belite; and normal ferrite with its short slender intersecting crystals, between which the aluminate occurs (not visible at this magnification).
板状，有时出现短柱状等，图8-1-1、7-2、7-3。 （ρ为几何轴率，为晶体长度与宽度之比，一般为2）。
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved
Sino-i Technology Ltd.
ITSM / ITIL
Copyright © Sino-i Technology Limited All rights reserved