中西方英雄主义的异同 以功夫熊猫为例
功夫熊猫中的中西文化 (1)
• 儒家的仁丿思想在浣熊 师傅和五侠身上得到最完美的诠释。
• Confucian benevolence thought the raccoon teacher and five are the most perfect interpretation. 丼国危难乀际,浣熊师傅为了保卫和平谷,大仁大丿,选择独自面对灾 难,而五侠也丌负使命选择迎难而上,试图阻止残豹,他们这种置个人安危 于度外 、“ 知其丌可而为乀”的侠丿精神正是孔子的“ 仁者爱人”的体现。 中国的佛教的宿命思想认为“ 一切皆有定数”,恶豹注定要逃出天牢,丌管 守备如何森严 ;熊猫阿宝这个武功门外汉注定要成为神龙大侠最终战胜恶豹, 无论这在众人看来机会是多举渺茫。
《 功夫熊猫》丌仅体现了西方基督教的神选思想,也糅 合了 中国儒家、道家和佛教的传统文化思想。
"Kung fu panda," not only embodies the western Christian god choose thought, also Rou in Chinese traditional culture of Confucian, Taoist and buddhist thought. 东方文化对 于“ 无”和“ 有”两者关系的微妙乀处有着深刻认识,这 正如老子所言“ 大音稀声,大象无形” “ 天下万物生于有, 有生于无”, 阿宝的鸭爸爸说出的平凡的真理“ 我私家汤的 绝密食材,就是什举都没有”, 即没有秘方就是最好的秘方,于是阿宝从无字的神龙手卷中悟出了最高深的 神龙秘籍——没有秘籍就是最强的秘籍。 Oriental culture to "no" and "have" the relationship between the nuances of a deep understanding, this as the Lao tze say "big sound thin sound, elephant invisible" "was born was born under the whole heaven, have nothing at all", the treasure of the duck dad say ordinary truth "the secret ingredient of my secret ingredient soup is nothing", is no secret recipe is the best recipe, so the treasure from the dragon hand-rolling no words to realize the maximum depth of the dragon - no secrets is the most powerful secrets.
从_功夫熊猫_和许三多看中西文化中的英雄主义
© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. MOV IEL ITERATUR E /环球纵横 2010年第1期 从《功夫熊猫》和许三多看中西文化中的英雄主义■牛 芳 马 蕊 毛丽丹(河北农业大学外国语学院,河北保定 071001)[摘 要] 本文通过美国影片《功夫熊猫》中的熊猫阿波和电视剧《士兵突击》中的士兵许三多两个人物形象的比较,探讨了这两个小人物成长为英雄的过程中的关键因素:他们都是名不见经传也没有任何特长的小人物,甚至满身缺点,但是因为在追求梦想的路上坚持不懈,最终阿波打败了太郎成为真正的“神龙侠”,许三多成为真正的“兵王”。
从这两个人物成长为英雄的过程可以看出影片中的英雄已经脱离开原来那种“高大全”的模式,更加平民化。
而且两个形象也体现了中国传统文化的“群体本位”和西方文化的“个人本位”。
[关键词] 熊猫阿波;许三多;英雄主义;群体;个人 英雄这个词我们并不陌生,每个国家每个民族都有令人景仰钦佩的英雄人物。
《辞源》给“英雄”的定义是:“识见、才能或作为非凡的人。
”《牛津词典》中her ois m 的定义为“brave and noble conduct,courage ”(勇敢、崇高的行为,勇气)。
看到英雄这两个字,我们的脑海中出现的不是高举炸药包高喊“为了新中国,冲啊!”的董存瑞,就是在电影《勇敢的心》中梅尔・吉布森饰演的那个在临刑前还高呼“自由”的华莱士。
而近日荧屏上两个“英雄”的形象引起了我的注意。
一个是2007年热播的电视剧《士兵突击》中的许三多,另一个是2008年美国梦工厂动画室推出的喜剧动画片《功夫熊猫》中的熊猫阿波。
这两个人物形象一个是中国人,一个是虽然生活背景是中国但却满口英语的大熊猫,看似互不相干,但是有一点却惊人的相似:他们都是从一个又傻又笨满身缺点的小人物成长为顶天立地的“硬汉”,成为人们心目中的“英雄”。
从电影《功夫熊猫》看中西方文化差异.doc
从电影《功夫熊猫》看中西方文化差异近年来,随着电影事业的蓬勃发展,分析电影逐渐成为了解不同国家和地区的表达方式和文化差异的有效途径。
中西方文化在许多方面都存在着一些差异,如价值观、集体感、隐私权等,这些差异越来越多地体现在国际荧屏上,好莱坞拍摄的动画片《功夫熊猫》成为国际舞台上的又一佳作,其中以中国题材作为电影的重要组成部分,它不仅在国际电影行业中得到了很高的评价,同时也引起了国人对于中西方传统文化差异的思考和反思。
因此,在当今国际化的大趋势下,分析电影中不同国家的文化差异可以让我们在丰富传统文化内容的同时,对我国的传统文化进行升华,并吸收国际上的新理念和新思维,使我国永驻于国际舞台之上。
一、介绍中西方文化的主要差异随着科技的不断发展和社会的迅速前进,当今国际最为突出的特征之一便是全球化趋势蔓延,继而广泛地对政治、经济乃至文化的各个方面进行渗透,不同的国家和社会环境导致不同的价值观念和文化传统的繁衍。
一个国家的文化象征着其历史、政治甚至国民的整体发展和历程,具有不可磨灭的价值意义。
事实上,无论是中国文化还是西方的文化,其本身都存在自身的精华和糟粕,而中西方文化的显著差异是通过对自然环境、思维模式、民俗风情、宗教信仰等多方面来予以实现的。
矛盾又统一的中西方文化或是针锋相对,或是结合相容,都可以从另一种文化的保护下得以理解。
在多元化的国际大潮中,只有正视和接受中西方文化的差异,才能在国际的洪流中取其之长,补己之短,才能使我国的电影事业不断完善和吸收国外的先进理念,以实现自身的本质飞跃。
正是因为中西方文化建立在各自的环境和土地上,自称体系迥然不同,导致两种文化背景也大相径庭,使得中西方文化在对价值的追求观念上和伦理的取向上别有一番不同的味道,而中西方现实人格的差异也在长期的文化背景下大异其趣。
总而言之,中西方文化的主要差异存在于不同国家的价值观基础上,在不同的环境下,不同的价值观影响人们的行为和思想,树立人们的文化系统和文化价值,从当今电影文化中浅析中西方文化的差异,可以更好地对中西方文化理解和解释,也会对我国的电影事业起到推进的现实作用。
《功夫熊猫》中的中西方英雄文化差异
在《功夫熊猫》中,阿宝最后成为英雄的标志性事件是击败邪恶的残豹,保卫了和平谷的宁静。而残豹对英雄的认可,则是拜倒在熊猫阿宝面前。如同美国漫画电影《蜘蛛侠》中的 那句名言一样“能力越大,责任越大”。在美国的英雄文化中,成为英雄的标准就是战胜邪恶,并担负起与能力相匹配的责任感。这种责任感发展到极致后,虽然披着保卫世界和平的外衣,但其骨子里的唯实力至上论,则是《功夫熊猫》这部电影中最西方的一面。
熊猫阿宝的英雄加冕仪式最后是通过战胜影片中的终极反派残豹来完成的。这种纯粹正义与纯粹邪恶的二元对立以及正义最终战胜邪恶的过程都是美国英雄文化中的精髓。但对于中国武侠文化来说,成为大侠的最终考验并不是战胜某个具体存在的终极邪恶,从而获得民众的崇拜与认可,而是道德的升华,即在仁、义、忠、孝等方面成为道德楷模。在金庸小说《射雕英雄传》中,郭靖最后成为英雄的标志性事件是他最终选择了民族大义,带领民众抗击蒙古大军入侵,而不是在华山论剑中夺取武功天下第一的名号。
作为一种文化差别,中国的古典武侠就没有这种倡导平等与公平的观念。在中国不是每个人都能成为英雄,他们往往因为血缘的关系,早早就被内定;或机缘巧合得到高人的青睐,成为独一无二的人选。金庸的武侠小说中,绝大部分主角都是这种类型的英雄,他们的英雄之路早已命中注定,剩下的只是如何度过重重考验抵达最后的英雄结局。这不但是金庸武侠小说中的一条潜规则,也是中国几乎所有武侠小说中共通的潜规则。作为一种好莱坞电影中常见的叙事模式,熊猫阿宝在成为英雄之前必须要有一个导师,引导他完成英雄的成人礼,而龟仙人就是这样一个角色。如同《星球大战》中天行者卢克的师傅欧比王一样,完成了他引导者的作用之后就消失不见,从而给英雄以真正的成长空间。只不过,在《功夫熊猫》这部动画电影中,龟仙人小时的方式是借用中国文化中“羽化成仙”的概念来完成的,而欧比王则凭借神秘的“原力”成为某种超自然的存在。
中西方英雄主义的异同 以功夫熊猫为例
辅修学位毕业论文( 2013届)从电影《功夫熊猫》看 中西方英雄主义外国语学院英语语言文学 12010240802 2011级刘玉琢题目 学 院 专 业年 级 学生姓名 学生学号指导教师文莉2013年5月Analyze Chinese and western heroism from the film Kong fuPandaA Thesis Submitted to the difference of the heroism in china and westerncountryNingxia UniversityIn Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Degree ofSecond bachelor of EnglishbyLiuyuzhuoSchool of Economics and ManagementNingxia UniversityMay, 2013AcknowledgementsI would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms. WenLi, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. Without her patient instruction, insightful criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the teachers in School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.I should finally to express my gratitude to my parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.AbstractPo, the leading role of Kung Fu Panda, is an inconspicuous small potato. He is a fatter panda from a noodles family. Nobody could think of that Po will become the Dragon Warrior, even himself. But finally Po overcame himself, enemy and become the great hero who was admired. Actually, the American heroism reflected is the American culture and values based on individual human existence. Chinese and western culture produced their hero according to their value system. The hero of China have a strong sense of justice and ready to help the weak, while the hero of western country pursue “Equal rights and freedom of think, speech, religion respecting different. etc.”Emphasis on spiritual liberation and human rights requirements. Especially in films and television programs, differences between two cultures are more clearly. But there are some of the same characteristics.Key words: Chinese and western culture, heroism, film.《功夫熊猫》中的主角阿波,是和平谷中的最不起眼的小人物——一只来自面条世家的胖熊猫。
“中美电影中”资料合集
“中美电影中”资料合集目录一、中美电影中的英雄精神比较以《战狼2》与《美国队长》为例二、中美电影中不同的英雄主义对比研究三、中美电影中英雄主义的比较与融合以《功夫熊猫》和《金陵十三钗》为例四、由中美电影中的花木兰形象看中美文化差异五、中美电影中的英雄主义对比看文化价值差异中美电影中的英雄精神比较以《战狼2》与《美国队长》为例《战狼2》和《美国队长》是两部非常受欢迎的电影,它们都展现了英雄主义精神,但它们也表现出了一些不同的地方。
本文将通过比较这两部电影来探讨中美电影中的英雄精神。
《战狼2》是中国电影的代表,它的主题是爱国主义和民族精神。
这部电影的主人公是一名军人,他在保卫祖国的过程中表现出色。
电影主要展现了中国军人的英勇形象和爱国情怀,同时也强调了国家利益高于一切的原则。
这部电影在表达爱国主义和民族精神方面非常强烈,让观众感到非常感动。
相比之下,《美国队长》则是美国电影的代表,它的主题是个人英雄主义和自由精神。
这部电影的主人公是一名年轻的士兵,他在二战期间表现出色,成为了一名英雄。
电影主要展现了他的英勇形象和自由精神,同时也强调了个人权利和自由的重要性。
这部电影在表达个人英雄主义和自由精神方面非常强烈,让观众感到非常震撼。
在比较这两部电影时,我们可以发现它们在表现英雄主义精神方面有着不同的侧重点。
《战狼2》强调的是集体主义和爱国主义,而《美国队长》则强调的是个人主义和自由精神。
这反映了中美两国文化的差异,中国注重集体利益和社会稳定,而美国则更加注重个人权利和自由。
《战狼2》和《美国队长》也表现出了不同的英雄主义形象。
《战狼2》中的主人公是一名军人,他通过自己的努力和勇气保卫祖国,展现了一种英勇无畏的形象。
《美国队长》中的主人公则是一名年轻的士兵,他通过自己的努力成为了一名英雄,展现了一种充满正义感的形象。
《战狼2》和《美国队长》两部电影都展现了英雄主义精神,但它们表现出了不同的侧重点和英雄主义形象。
论《功夫熊猫》中中美文化的融合
论《功夫熊猫》中中美文化的融合摘要:西方艺术家以电影为载体,以中国功夫和熊猫为主题核心,通过对中国文化的理解和领悟,糅合众多中西方文化元素,在《功夫熊猫》中展示了当代文化的融合共生。
关键词:《功夫熊猫》;中美文化;融合一引言《功夫熊猫》讲述的是面馆服务生大熊猫阿宝,梦想成为拥有盖世武功的侠士的故事。
它在展现“每个人通过奋斗都能成为英雄”的美国梦理念的同时,也倡导了“邪不压正”的中国传统的道德观,体现了中西文化的融合。
二《功夫熊猫》中中国文化的体现《功夫熊猫》的创意源自中国艺术的元素,如庙宇、柱子、山水、太极、庙会、针灸都是典型的中国符号。
动物们吃的是面条包子用的是筷子;除了主角阿宝之外,大到山水,小到瓷器,卷轴、汉服、牌坊等,对中国元素的刻画细致到了极点。
作为智慧的象征,乌龟大师去世时化作一片桃花,将中国道士得道时的“羽化登仙”诗意地展现在银幕上,显示出作者对中国文化的尊敬。
中国的道家精神影片中塑造了乌龟与浣熊、阿宝与太郎两组相对的元素,以剧情中两组力量的对比论证了“弱之胜强,柔之胜刚”。
许多台词也可以精确地对应到哲学文字。
“你的思想就如同水,我的朋友,水波摇曳时,很难看清,不过当它平静下来,答案就清澈见底了。
” 乌龟仙人说了这许多,老子只道一句“浊以静之徐清”。
乌龟:看着这棵树,我不能让树为我开花,也不能让它提前结果。
师傅:但有些事情我们可以控制,我可以控制果实何时坠落,我还可以控制在何处播种,那可不是幻觉,大师。
乌龟:是啊,不过无论你做了什么,那个种子还是会长成桃树,你可能想要苹果或桔子,可你只能得到桃子,那个种子还是会长成桃树。
乌龟和浣熊的这大段对白,正是论证了老子的“道法自然”,万物依存的法则是自在天成的,不会以人为之力改变;同样的意思老子还说“道之尊德之贵,夫莫之命而常自然”。
阿宝的鸭爸爸经营着一家面馆,阿宝一直都很好奇爸爸的汤面秘方何在,后来,爸爸说出的平凡的真理“我的汤面秘方,就是什么都没有”,即没有秘方就是最好的秘方。
《功夫熊猫》的跨文化解读
《功夫熊猫》的跨文化解读摘要:本文以好莱坞动画片《功夫熊猫》为现实文本,从跨文化传播的角度运用冰山模式对其进行解读,通过对《功夫熊猫》中的中美文化元素进行分析和应用,说明文化的协商和借鉴是电影的发展趋势。
在多元化文化并存与文化全球化的今天,我们应该反对文化霸权主义,文化部落主义,维护良好的文化生态,实现异质文化的成功对接。
这部电影带给我们的启示是:认识中国传统文化的核心价值观并吸收国外好的文化元素,依靠宣传推动其国际传播的进程。
关键词:《功夫熊猫》,中国文化,美国精神,跨文化传播,全球化2008年一部反映中国文化的好莱坞动画大片《功夫熊猫》在中国上映了,电影一上映就备受国人关注,并取得了骄人的票房成绩,成为内地第一部票房过亿的动画片。
如此高的市场占有率不禁让人瞠目,《功夫熊猫》成为异质文化传播的成功范例,它的传播特色可以归纳为以下两点:一是大量融合中国传统文化中的符号元素,暗合了中国广大受众的文化认同心理;二是秉承了好莱坞一贯式的搞笑风格,迎合了当下消费者的文化心理。
一.《功夫熊猫》中美文化元素的糅合(一)影片中体现的中国传统文化元素文化可以被分为两部分,可见文化和不可见文化。
首先,功夫和大熊猫是影片中最突出的中国民族符号。
可见文化在以下方面都得到体现:服装、饮食、民俗、节日等。
另一个重要的文化体现便是宗教方面。
首先,这里表现了儒家思想:和平谷里的和平安宁,居住的都是善良的居民(兔子,猪,鸭子)。
他们有着“善最终会战胜恶”的观念,有着积极乐天的人生态度。
第二,这里也蕴含着道家思想:1.影片中一语道破天机的乌龟,源自《周易》中用龟壳来占卜的传统,奉龟为至尊是传统道家思想的体现,龟的隐喻是道家的最高思想境界,龟仙代表的就是“玄而又玄,众妙之门”的道。
2.道家代表人物庄子的逍遥游,是离开一切相待或者条件,才能达致真正的自由,有所待则有束缚,自由则不能发挥。
道家思想最核心的理念是“法自然”,龟仙挑选熊猫阿宝作为神龙斗士,就是因为熊猫代表的就是天命,就是自然。
中美动画中英雄人物形象塑造特征比较——以《哪吒脑海》和《功夫熊猫》为例
中美动画中英雄人物形象塑造特征比较——以《哪吒脑海》和《功夫熊猫》为例摘要:《哪吒闹海》与《功夫熊猫》是中美两国经典的动画作品。
两部影片都以英雄人物为故事核心进行铺陈,但二者在英雄人物形象的塑造上,如英雄的形象、诞生过程、英雄情结的表现以及英雄特质的传承方面,又有着明显差异。
哪吒这一角色极富传奇色彩和浪漫主义情怀,而阿宝的形象塑造则更注重现实主义的生活气息。
英雄人物形象塑造上的差异背后,隐含了丰富的文化动因。
关键词:中美动画;英雄人物;形象特征不同的国家都拥有自身的文化起源、民族特性和价值观念,这些元素反映在社会生活的方方面面,同样也影响着动画以及动画人物的设计。
动画是一种运动的影像和夸张的变形艺术,中美两国的动画都有很长的历史,通过比较两国经典动画人物的形象,将有助于更好地认识两国动画人物塑造形式的异同,考察蕴藏于形式背后的文化意蕴与传统。
本文将以《哪吒脑海》和《功夫熊猫》为例,从形象设计、性格特征、行为方式、人际关系等方面,比较两部作品中英雄人物形象塑造上的不同之处。
一、英雄的诞生:传奇色彩与生活气息的争鸣在《哪吒闹海》中,哪吒的形象与行为采用中国传统的戏剧元素,富有特色和标识性。
色彩方面突出代表中国传统颜色的红、白、黑色的搭配;人物的动作上,特别是在与敌人打斗的时候,更着力凸显夸张的京剧造型。
色彩与动作的戏剧化处理,为《哪吒闹海》涂上了一层浓厚的浪漫主义色彩。
而在英雄的诞生这一命题中,我们发现,哪吒从出生到成长,再到完成英雄角色的转变——不管是出生时的“一个莲花状肉球”;还是天生“三头六臂”的才能;抑或是最终的死而复生,惩奸除恶,都极具传奇色彩和宿命论调。
而哪吒的师父太乙真人送给他的两份礼物——火尖枪和风火轮,更是向观众揭示了,哪吒就是上天旨意选定的英雄这一鲜明事实。
也就是说,不是每个普通人都能做英雄的,英雄往往是由某种神秘力量提前指定的。
最终,哪吒通过舍生取义——神仙力量帮助复活——铲除奸恶这一过程完成英雄的加冕,贯穿哪吒一生的始终是一种充满中国特色的玄幻的传奇色彩。
从功夫熊猫中西文化差异课件
融合了中国传统的武侠元素和幽默搞笑的情节, 深受观众喜爱。
中西文化差异概述
01 价值观差异
西方文化强调个人主义,而中国文化注重集体主 义。
02 社会习俗差异
西方文化强调个人隐私,而中国文化注重家庭和 亲情。
03 思维方式差异
西方文化注重逻辑和分析,而中国文化注重整体 和综合。
02
人物角色与价值观
角色特点与行为模式
角色特点
在功夫熊猫中,每个角色都有独特的性格特点和行为模式。例如,阿宝乐观开朗、顽皮可爱, 表现出中国式的幽默和机智。而师傅则沉默寡言、内敛深沉,展现出中国传统的谦逊和智慧。
行为模式
在功夫熊猫中,角色的行为模式也反映了中西文化的差异。例如,阿宝在面对困难时,总是坚 持不懈、勇往直前,这种积极向上的态度体现了中国文化中的“自强不息”。而师傅则更注重 内心修炼和自我反省,这种内敛的行为模式体现了中国文化中的“中庸之道”。
对待和平的态度
在西方文化中,强调竞争和对抗,而 在中国文化中,强调和平与和谐。在 《功夫熊猫》中,阿宝和其他高手的 对抗,最终转化为和平共处和团结合 作,体现了中国文化中的和平理念。
对电影《功夫熊猫》的反思与启示
文化差异的认知
《功夫熊猫》通过阿宝这个形象,让观众了解到中西文化 的差异和特点。这种跨文化的作品,有助于增进不同文化 之间的了解和交流。
VS
社会关系
电影中的社会关系也体现了中西文化差异 。熊猫阿宝在成为“神龙大侠”的过程中 ,不仅凭借自己的努力和才智,还得到了 周围人的帮助和支持。这体现了中国社会 中人情世故和个人关系的重要性。同时, 阿宝与其他动物之间的平等合作也体现了 西方社会中注重个人能力和合作精神的一 面。
从《葫芦兄弟》和《功夫熊猫》看中美英雄主义的文化差异
从《葫芦兄弟》和《功夫熊猫》看中美英雄主义的文化差异作者:玉佩莲来源:《西江文艺·下半月》2015年第06期【摘要】国产动画经典《葫芦兄弟》片中的七个英雄人物在国内是家喻户晓,而动画《功夫熊猫》里也存在着一个英雄。
尽管这部动画以中国文化为背景,选取中国功夫为主题,但这部电影是美国公司制作和包装的。
本文通过探讨中美对于英雄主义的理解,旨在使读者对中美文化有更深的认识,从而促进双方的交流。
【【关键词】】英雄主义;个人主义;个人利益;大无畏的态度一、引言1.1英雄主义的概念英雄主义是指“为完成任务而表现出来的大无畏的自我牺牲精神”。
英雄主义蕴含着许多品质:身处危险时(尤其在战斗中)要鼓起勇气,此外,还要有坚韧不拔、百折不挠和大公无私的精神。
1.2研究意义本文着重探讨两部动画的差异和它们的文化起源。
尽管许多学者对英雄主义进行了研究,但都局限于一个国家的英雄主义文化或单独一个时期人们的意识形态。
为此,笔者将为英雄主义的文化起源作进一步解析。
为读者理解当今中西方文化提供线索。
二、中美英雄主义差异分析——以《葫芦兄弟》和《功夫熊猫》为例2.1剧情梗概2.1.1《葫芦兄弟》剧情梗概传说葫芦山里关着两只妖精。
两只妖精在一次意外中逃了出来,祸害人间。
同时,老汉种下的葫芦藤诞下了葫芦七兄弟,他们各有本领但也存在弱点。
他们的任务就是打败妖精。
七兄弟只有合力才能制服妖精。
遗憾的是,七兄弟打败妖精后化为了石山。
2.1.2《功夫熊猫》剧情梗概熊猫阿宝又肥又懒,与父亲经营着一家面馆。
但他却痴迷于武术,希望有朝一日能成为一名英雄。
为保护村民免遭恶魔的欺凌,乌龟大师挑选大宝去应战,然而大家对此都不看好。
最初,阿宝练武总以各种借口推脱。
就连练武师傅都不看好阿宝。
但在乌龟大师的鼓励下,阿宝渐渐鼓起勇气,勤加练习,逐渐领悟到武功的最高境界是自己本身。
最终,阿宝以自己对武功的悟性战胜了恶魔。
2.2两部动画中英雄主义差异2.2.1主角身处社会背景不同国内把英雄塑造为“完人”的形象。
《功夫熊猫》中西文化差异
中国动画片以“画”为本。中国动画的这种传统,显然与中国人对动画本质的理解有关:动画,顾名思义就是“动”的“画”,只要让“画”动起来,就是动画。这样,从理论到实践,中国动画“以画为本”的传统自然在情理之中了。而且,中国动画的“以画为本”尤其指的是以中国画为本,基本与西洋画无涉。以水墨动画为例,中国动画的创作者经多次试验,克服技术困难,成功地将中国绘画中具有悠久历史和深厚传统的基本原理完美地运用到动画中,创作出诸如《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《牧笛》、《山水情》等动画佳作。而美国动画一开始奉行的就是“以动为本”。在他们看来,动画首先是一种运动,一种经过特殊处理的“运动”。动画不是“会动的画”,而是“画出来的运动”。-------这样直接导致视觉效果的差异。
单击此处可添加副标题
致谢 一般来说,我们中国人在家庭成员之间很少用 “ 谢谢 ” 。如果用了,听起来会很怪,或相互关系上有了距离,这是我们的文化习惯。而在英语国家中 “Thank you.” 是使用频率最高的礼貌用语之一。几乎用于一切场合,所有人之间,即使父母与子女,兄弟姐妹之间,甚至夫妻之间也不例外。送上一瓶饮料,准备一桌美餐,对方都会说一声 “Thank you.” 公共场合,不管别人帮你什么忙,你都要道一声 “Thank you.” 。这是最起码的礼节。 当别人问是否要吃点或喝点什么时 “Would you like something to eat/drink ?” 我们通常习惯于客气一番,回答 “ 不用了 ” 、 “ 别麻烦了 ” 等。按照英语国家的习惯,你若想要,就不必推辞,说声 “Yes,please.” 若不想要,只要说 “No,thanks.” 就行了。这也充分体现了中国人的含蓄和英语国家人的坦荡直率这两种不同风格。 可见,在讲英语的国家里,人们常常以 “ 迎合 ” 对方的方式予以接受,以示对对方的肯定或尊重;在我国,人们往往采用 “ 否认 ” 或 “ 自贬 ” 的方式予以拒绝,以示礼貌或谦逊。
从《功夫熊猫》与《金陵十三钗》看中美英雄主义的差异
Differences of Heroism Between China and AmericaThroughKung Fu Panda andThe Flowers of WarAbstractFilm is a kind of culture, which can reflect the cultural characteristics of a country and nation. Heroic films have always been an everlasting theme in the history of movie, the heroic characters on the screen are deeply loved by the audience with their distinctive personality, noblesentiment, extraordinary skills and extraordinary dedication.. These heroic characters have become symbols of an era and affected the growth of generation after generation. Heroes can reflect the spiritual features of a nation. However, the film cultural spirit also carries the cultural heritage of a country.Therefore, different countries have different films to show the value of their heroes. Based on the different historical and cultural backgrounds of China and the United States, take the American film Kung Fu Panda and the Chinese film The Flowers of War for examples,this paper compares the differences between the two countries' heroic themes.With the rapid development of culture and economy in the world, this article also analysis the difference of the development trend of heroism between China and the United State.Keys: Hero Heroism American movie Chinese movieContents1. Introduction1.1 Background1.2 Purpose of the Paper2. Characterization of the Heroes in the Two Films 2.1 Double-faced Heroes2.1.1 A Cowboy and a Man Full of Justice2.1.2 A Prostitute and a Patriot2.2 Positively Portrayed Panda2.2.1 Filial Son2.2.2 Motivational Leader3. Different Orientation in Heroism3.1 National-Oriented Heroism3.2 Personal Goal-Oriented Heroism4. Different Emphases on Heroism in the Two Cultures4.1 Collective Sacrifice4.2 Individual Dream fulfillment5. Future Trend of Chinese and American Heroism6. Conclusion1. Introduction1.1 BackgroundHeroes are symbols of the national spirit, embodying the values and mental outlook of a nation, each of which has its own cult and pursuit of heroes. Li Chunlan (2012) proposes that hero worship is a universal cultural psychology and cultural complex, and corresponds to heroism. The explanation of "heroism" in Dictionary is: …The hero is a kind of eternal spirit and behavior, which is of great significance and showthe hero's courage, strength, and the good quality of being willing to help people. Heroism comes from a specific social environment, and heroism reflects the social value of the society. Therefore, appraisers of different cultural backgrounds have different standards for differentheroes. Film is the product of industrial development, the development of the film is inseparable from the social economy. Through the screen, the filmseems to show the audience a sad or happy story, complicated plots and many different personalities.In fact, the film expresses people's exploration and thinking about society and the ages.It is cultural responsibility and the goal of every culture to create its own hero through movie art. The core of heroism is the social value of the hero. The difference between different cultures is what kind of people can be regarded as heroes. The two different cultures of China and the United States have shown this very well in their works on heroism. China and the United States have created a number of heroes with their cultures according to their own value systems.Heroism is a eternal theme of American film, it comes from the combination of western individualism and heroism.In the three decades of reform and opening, more and more Hollywood heroes were introduced to China. The American cultural values brought by this reform have greatly affected the Chinese people and have brought tremendous influence to Chinese social culture and film industry. On the basis of the influence, have more and more understanding and thinking about heroism were put out. Many researchers have begun to have a deeper understanding of the film culture in China and the United States in order to better understand the differences between Chinese and American history.At the same time, they also have a deeperunderstanding of the culture and values of these two countries, which also provides a lot of new insights for the theoretical system of cultural research.In fact, the birth of American heroism has an important connection with the historical development of the United States. The most famous depression in history began in 1929 and ended in 1933. The great depression of the United States finally came to the world.In this economic winter that the development of American animation started.During the great depression, American animation gradually developed into its "golden age".Because of the rapid economic recession, a large number of business failure during the economic crisis and tens of thousands of workers were unemployed, causing the entire social development to slump. Different from the winter in other industries, economic recession breeds the spiritual demands for escape from real life, this has led to the birth and brilliance of many American films.People have experienced the initial panic, painful struggle in the medium term, desperation and helplessness in later period.Who will save society, Who will push the country?This is the performance of people escaping from reality.In desperation, people put their hopes on heroes, especially heroes with superpowers. Because heroes are avatars of ideal personalities and they have the most powerful force to save the world, and now Superman appears.In the 1930s or so, Superman comics and animations are enthusiastically pursued in the United States.The American heroism has been further explained in the comics. In the 1950s, the international status of the United States was increased again.Rich real life makes people no longer in need of superheroes to save the world.However, the heroism has not disappeared ,but continues to exist in another way.The superherp begins to get closer to the ordinary people. Unlike superheroes, ordinary people do not have to have a strong body, powerful superpower, but more close to real life.Before becoming a hero, they are just an ordinary people. In fact, the ordinary people also is another wayto explain the hero.Now these ordinary people were also given the mission to save the world in the crisis. How to resolve the crisis and how to achieve greatness in the ordinary ,this has formed a common social demand, and a series of civilian heroes was created.There are many movies about heroes in China, such as Hero,HuoYuanJia,Wolf Warriors,Nanjing! Nanjing!have created vivid heroic characters, making people moved and unforgettable. Heroism, as an important part of traditional culture, has always been the main targetin the development of traditional culture.After the popularity of many foreign heroic films in China, many researchers have also begun to pay attention to the study of heroism. The heroic temperament of the female in The Flower of War, Wang Hong (2013) analyzed heroism in The Flower of War from the cultural background and social significance.There are also many comparative studies on the heroism between China and the West, mostly focusing on film and television works. For example, Luzao Rong and Wang Xiu (2006), in the heroism comparison between Chinese and American films.From the origin of heroism analysis the difference between the China and Western. Wang Huan (2011) compares the differences in cultural values between the heroines of the Chinese and American films. On abroad, there are also many researchersfocus on heroism. Robert Sklar (1994) and John Belton (1994) also make detailed analysis of heroism in their articles Movie -Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies and American Cinema/American Culture from the perspective of American movie's history and culture. There are also Green Naomi (2014) analysis of the Chinese elements in "Kung Fu Panda". There are many other articles that not only analyze the similarities and differences of heroism between China and Western countries, but also explain the reasons for them in detail.1.2 Purpose of the PaperWith China's reform and opening up, more and more Hollywood heroism movies are introduced into China. The American cultural values brought by the movie have a great influence on Chinese social culture.On the basis of this, the public's understanding and thinking about the heroism of the Chinese and foreign countries are becoming more and more profound and a deeper understanding of the Chinese and American film culture.And we can also make a deeper understanding of the differences in history, culture and values between the two countries, and add a lot of new insights to the theoretical system of cross-cultural communication.2. Characterization of the Heroes in the Two Films2.1 Double-sided heroThe heroes in the movie "kung fu panda" and "the flowers of war" are all very ordinary and ordinary characters in the beginning of the film, and have no connection.Maybe no one will connect them with heroes, and they won't feel like they 're going to do anything amazing. It's more about the rest of the show, and their persist ence as a joke. But it's full of different things.But with the development of the story, their new identity gradually appeared, showing their extraordinary extraordinary. New identities make them heroes.2.1.1 A cowboy and a man full of justiceThe movie "kung fu panda" in the beginning is a small role, extremely ordinary. Panda Po is an apprentice to a noodle shop at the beginning of the film, and nothing but a noodle. Daydreaming every day, dreaming of one day in the kung fu world with star power in a peak battle. Without passing value Po, more no one thinks he will be selected as the "dragon warrior", everyone is nervous as for the dragon, and never think of oneself anthe d so on for 20 years but only revenge finally to giant pandas. Even if Po was chosen as dragon warrior, it was an accident, and he thought it was a badchoice.In the show, however, there is no discrimination against women, no hostility to a mericans, and no distrust of Chinese soldiers. All of us are here to be the same individ uals, to fight against each other, to defend the country.But in this movie, the female college students who took refuge, pretending to be the father to save the americans, killed the enemy's Chinese soldiers. They are one. In the face of the foreign enemy this crucial moment, did not despise the thirteen women. In the face of their difficulties, these refugee female college students, also without hesitation to help them. This moment has nothing to do in their eyes of status has nothing to do or not, know is that they are also Chinese compatriots, the Chinese compatriots cannot be bullied by foreigners, need to stand in a line against the foreign enemy. In the face of danger, this group of female college students did not hesitate to help them. Every one of them is an ordinary little man, but they are all extraordinary.Although2.1.2 A prostitute and a patriotThe flowers of war is a story set in the 1937 nanjing massacre. The story took place in the nanjing massacre in the context of a church, by a group of female students taking refuge, 13 to escape the fighting coquettes, a pretend to be a priest to save americans, and deadly enemies of Chinese soldiers that compose the story. In this film, there is no emphasis on individual heroic ACTS, but mainly on the collective heroism. In the face of adversity, all of us cast aside our prejudices and our enemies, and fought against the invading enemy. The women of the dust have always been an unsavory profession, low social status, and not to be taken seriously. It seems that in the stereotype of people, the wind and dust women are just for the sake of money, not the bottom line shameless, to them more not to talk about the significance of the country.But in the film, the refuge of the female college students, in order to save American, deadly enemies of the Chinese soldiers, in the face of foreign such a critical moment, don't despise the thirteen prostitutes. This moment is not in their eyes irrelevant status, all they know is that they are also Chinese people. In the face of danger, this group of female college students did not hesitate to help them. Every one of them is an ordinary little figure, and their image is because of their fearless spirit, and they are all heroes and patriots. But in this film, the most touching is still the 13 women who broke the stereotype of the women and let people see the other side. Although they are women, they can't influence them to be Chinese, they love their country.In the face of the unreasonable demands made by the Japanese soldiers, the 13 women who could have stayed out of the situation had not chosen to stay out of the situation, but chose to stand up. They did not seek to survive, and did not take the place of this group of female students to the Japanese army camp. Even if they knew the choice might be at the cost of their lives, they did not hesitate. There is no limit to the life and death of the individual in front of the home country. The existence of the mainstream culture of prostitutes, in this film in the face of the home country, their manners and their character, their beautiful mind and heroic spirit.2.2 Positively Portrayed Panda2.2.1 Filial SonIn the film kung fu panda, panda, Po in a bizarre dream dreamed that he become a fighting skill against the dragon warrior, skill, high strength, bravery, by the national people's fear and love, even China's most excellent warrior "brave five will be" all bowed to him. When the treasure back to reality from the dream, it can no longer own, mind is full of kung fu, more want to have attainments in kung fu, have a dream that one day I can in the world of kung fu star big man with a peak. Po's father, however, wanted Po to learn how to make noodles to inherit his ancestral craft. In the face of one side is always wanted and his father had been expected, Po ambivalence, Po no stubborn insist on your favorite against his father, let my father sad. Let me impressive scene is that in the Po's father asked what Po made a dream ever dream about noodles, it is the Po of dreaming about kung fu in saw father desired look, don't have the heart to let father down, answering his father he had a noodle dream. In the face of the conflict with his father's expectations, Po also knows to take care of his father's emotions. Although Po chose to learn kung fu at last, he chose the right way to pursue what he wanted and did not make his father sad. He defeated the enemy with his own efforts and won the recognition and support from his father.But in this movie, the female college students who took refuge, pretending to be the father to save the americans, killed the enemy's Chinese soldiers. They are one. In the face of the foreign enemy this crucial moment, did not despise the thirteen women. In the face of their difficulties, these refugee female college students, also without hesitation to help them. This moment has nothing to do in their eyes of status has nothing to do or not, know is that they are also Chinese compatriots, the Chinese compatriots cannot be bullied by foreigners, need to stand in a line against the foreign enemy. In the face of danger, this group of female college students did not hesitate to help them. Every one of them is an ordinary little man, but they are all extraordinary. Although ordinary, but still bloomed to belong to their light. Their image is because of their fearless spirit, and they are all heroes and patriots. But in this film, the most touching is still the 13 women who broke the stereotype of the women and let peoplesee the other side. They are the women of the dust but not vulgar, I care for their own.They are Chinese. They love their country.2.2.2 Motivational leaderTea jade ink, as jinling 13 flowers of the head of 13. She was once a woman of good education, though she was forced to become a prostitute, but she did not resent life. It is the americans who pretend to be priests that they are getting on with each other. Beast in the face of the Japanese proposed requirements, this group of female college students face when the good youth, recalled the when they are forced to become a prostitute by rape of the past, and the americans said her daughter is in with the group of female college students usually big age were raped, can't afford and choose to commit suicide, but also stimulate to the soft jade ink heart. It was immediately decided to replace these female college students and go to the Japanese military camp. At her urging, the other 12 women also joined her decision to replace the female college students on their way to the Japanese military camp, or to die forthem. The undaunted spirit of yu mo is a worthy hero, and also an outstanding leader.3. Different Orientation in Heroism3.1 National-Oriented Heroism"The people who do not have great characters are the most miserable creatures in the world," yu said in the article(Dafu yu 43). A country that has great characters and is not known for its support, love and worship is a hopeless slave state. The hero is the symbol of the national spirit, and every culture has its worship and pursuit of heroes. Hero worship is a universal cultural psychology and cultural complex, embodying a nation's values and spirit. Chinese heroes generally have a distinct collectivist spirit. When everyone is united, their strength will be greatly enhanced and they will be able to defeat the enemy. Chinese Confucian culture denies individual honor, attaches great importance to collective responsibility and dedication, and encourages love and sacrifice. Instead of focusing on which one is a hero, the film chooses to describe the collective hero. These women have long been ignored by mainstream society, but they have saved students' lives during the crisis.Everyone in the movie is ordinary, but the justice and fearlessness they representmake them heroes in the audience. When the country is in danger, nothing is more important than the country. As a part of China, they cannot tolerate anyone trampling on the territory of our country, nor will they allow anyone to destroy the future of our country. No country, no home. In order to guard the country's security, the individual's life is not enough. Therefore, in the context of Chinese culture, heroes are always encouraged to sacrifice to protect their country. This group of female college students in jinling, not only represents the younger generation, but also represents the future of the country, so saving them is the same as protecting the future of the country. Thirteen of the thirteen women in the flowers of war were just ordinary women. Desire to live, to remember life. However, in the choice between the meaning and the small, they decisively chose the home country, the choice of sacrifice. The only thing they could do was to replace the women who had taken refuge.3.2 Personal Goal-Oriented HeroismAmerican heroism comes from the short but rich history of America. During the great depression of the 1970s, the economy was depressed, people were living in poverty and there was no hope. In the life of the helpless and helpless, hero worship comes into being, and people hope that a powerful hero can save the people in the fire. So American heroes are usually popular personal heroes, such as spiderman, batman, superman and so on.4. Different Emphases on Heroism in the Two Cultures.American heroes are usually popular individual heroes. American heroism comes from the development and progress of American society. The hero that Americans appreciate is not God, prophets, monarchs, or Christian missionaries, but …civil hero‟ . Spider-Man is one of the classic superhero in American movies. Spider-Man, an ordinary high school student, accidentally bitten by a spiders and acquired super powers, so he is able to save the world. In American movies, everyone can become a hero. According to Chen Chunsen, Zhong Hua and Fan Zhaoyun (2008), the concept of heroic roles in the United States means that who was aspired to become, who are the focus of the crowd or admired by the general public. And these hero's personal charm and special skills are impressive.At the beginning, Kung Fu Panda showed a Chinese traditional landscapepainting to the audience.Quiet towns, simple and tidy noodle house, towering peaks and clear river,and the mysterious sanctum of WuLin,the grand and beautiful Pavilion.And chopsticks,stilts,bun,tofu these items with Chinese characteristics.Of course most important is chinese Kung Fu.These create a poetic world of chinese martial arts.As in the animated film "Mulan" created by Disney in 1998, "Kung Fu Panda" is mixed with a number of Chinese elements. Nevertheless, the American animated movie produced by the DreamWorks is the most inspiring theme of American animated cartoon: the growth and the courage and responsibility to bear in the process of growth. From the type of subject, "Kung Fu Panda" is the story of a small man growing up and becoming a great hero,it's a typical Hollywood story.When Po was given a mission, he also showed weakness and even abandonment.This is the influence of individualism.4.1 Collective SacrificeChinese hero films tend to emphasize the principle of national righteousness, which can be used for personal sacrifice and even encourages individuals to sacrifice for their country. So Chinese films are full of sacrifice, and most heroes end in tragedy. The sacrifice of one hero buys the happiness and peace of most people. As lu xun said, the tragedy is to tear up the valuable things in your life and show them to you. In the jinling thirteen women in the film, when 13 women were sent to concentration camps, under the mood of despair and steely determination of singing, deeply touched the audience's soft in the heart, let a person for a long time4.2 Individual Dream fulfillmentAmerican culture tends to be more individualistic, and Americans are more concerned with personal well-being and family well-being than Chinese,who care about the fate of their nation. Americans consider personal interests as the top of the list. In this cultural atmosphere, individuals are in equal relations with their country and society. The heroism people pursue is that free, equal and democratic, and it is quite different from the "sacrifice" of Chinese culture. Heroism in American movies is reflected in the unusual abilities of the heroes and the story of the save the world. Itcan be said that the heroes in Chinese movies are nothing but ordinary people from beginning to end. But,The heroes in American movies are often born in ordinary people, but they are supermen with special abilities because of something. American heroic movies often have a beautiful ending. They are invincible in the protagonist's aura and defeat all their enemies to get the victories. Such films usually give the viewers a sense of excitement, and inspire people to look forward to a better life.5. Future Trend of Chinese and American HeroismWith the development of cultural and economic community between China and Americ. the cultural differences between China and America have been shrinking day by day. In Chinese and American heroism films, the mutual reference and integration of heroism between China and the United States has also become a trend.The United States is a country that produces heroic films. Most of heroism of him is adventurous. For example, classic American heroes such as Superman and Spider-Man have all been welcomed in the whole world. Most of the heroic movies in China tell the stories of heros in the revolutionary war. These revolutionary hero was fight on the battlefield , courageously fight with the enemy, and they sacrifice themself in the finally moment, sacrificed their precious lives. The era is advancing, The progress of the times, the collision and integration of the Chinese heroism and and American heroism, are also constantly sparking new sparks. Kung Fu Panda s merge Chinese heroism and American heroism, which creates a Chinese hero with the context of the United States heroism.The film has a strong Chinese style, with the Chinese national treasure Panda and Kung Fu, which is full of China Style Chivalrous spirit, but still retains the American-style heroism, and the film is also full of American-style humor. This ordinary and clumsy Po became a kung fu master, and also a super hero in both Chines e and Americans viewers‟ hearts.6.ConclusionFilm is a kind of culture, which can reflect the cultural characteristics of a country and nation. Heroic films have always been an everlasting theme in the history of movie, the heroic characters on the screen are deeply loved by theaudience with their distinctive personality, noble sentiment, extraordinary skills and extraordinary dedication.. These heroic characters have become symbols of an era and affected the growth of generation after generation.Heroism is an eternal topic, and heroes can reflect the spiritual features of a nation. However, the cultural spirit of this kind of films represent the different cultures of countries. Throughout the era, the discussion on heroes has never been over. In ancient,the heroe was live in the legends, and now them active in the films and television,this once again highlight the importance of heroism in the culture. Heroism, as an important part of a national culture, inherits the most precious and glories things in the culture , which is inseparable from the culture . Different countries have different films to describe the value of their heroes..With the rapid development of culture and economy in the world, this article also analysis the development trend of heroism between China and the United State.With the development of society, the different cultures has also changed what shaping the heroic characters. Today Chinese and American heroism is not completely independent, but it is combined with the infiltration of culture. The differences reflect the characteristics of national culture, but the same point is the learning and communication between different ethnic cultures. Today, with the rapid development of globalization, the cultural exchange between countries are deepening. The collision and blending of eastern and western cultures have become the general trend of development in this times. This is also the future trend of the heroism development between China and the United States, it is mainly reflected in the mutual reference and integration of Chinese and American culture. The trend of the integration of these two heroic cultures in China and the United States has also created more choices for the people to think about life and society and promote the heroism to a new era in the future. This article discusses the differences between Chinese and American heroism to help deepen the understanding of the differences between the historical cultures and values of the two countries, and also provide the basis for the theoretical system of cross-cultural communication. In any event, the era need heroes. And how toinherit and carry forward the heroic spirit and promote social and cultural progress is a profound propositions that we need to think about and discuss.References1.Belton, John. American Cinema/American Culture.New York: McGraw-Hill,1994.2.Green, Naomi. From Fu Manchu to Kung Fu Panda:Images of China in American Film. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2014.3. Sklar,Robert. Movie -Made America:A Cultural History of American Movies.New York: Vintage Books,1994.4.Wu, Qiong. “Viewing American Heroism from Superman Movies.”OverseasEnglish,2011(8): 31-32.5.李春兰.《功夫熊猫》:好莱坞式的中国文化解读[J].电影文学,2012 (4):44-45.6.李红.从美国电影看其英雄主义的文化特征[J].电影文学,2013(3):22-23.7.卢灶荣,王秀.中美影视中的英雄主义比较[J].四川教育学报, 2006(8):157-159.8.王欢.中美电影中的英雄主义对比看文化价值差异[A].石家庄:河北师范大学,2012.9.王晓娟.中国当代主流电影个人英雄主义发展流变[J].新世纪剧坛,2013(4):36-40.10. 朱狄.信仰时代的文明:中西文化的趋同与差异[M].武汉:武汉大学出社,2008.11. 王慧.影视作品跨文化传播中的误读现象——以《功夫熊猫2》为例[J].新闻爱好者,2012(19):20-22.12.刘静.好莱坞英雄主义电影文化解析.湖北广播电视大学学报2013年12期.13.史莹娟;美国英雄电影的文化透析[J];电影文学;2010年21期.14.史国娟;中美动画电影视域中的英雄情结[J];电影文学;2010年01期.15.于建凯;论《花木兰》与《功夫熊猫》的文化差异与误读[J];电影文学;2010年05期.16.杨萌;一只披着中国外衣的美国熊猫——《功夫熊猫》阿宝的文化身份解读[J];甘肃联合大学学报(社会科学版);2011年05期.17.齐瑾;从好莱坞电影看美国的个人英雄主义价值观[J];安顺学院学报;2009年01期.。
电影《功夫熊猫》体现的中西文化差异与融合
电影《功夫熊猫》体现的中西⽂化差异与融合2019-09-06摘要中西⽅⽂化是世界⽂化体系中的固有的两种⽂化范畴,历来存在很多为⼈所知的差异。
本⽂通过对电影《功夫熊猫》的⽂化⼈类学解读,进⼀步说明了中西⽅⽂化的差异,以此推进中西⽅⽂化的融合,促进民族⽂化的可持续发展。
关键词《功夫熊猫》中西⽅⽂化差异融合改⾰开放以来,我国融⼊世界的步伐逐渐加快,在⽂化交往和融合⽅⾯,我们清楚的体察到,我们同西⽅国家的跨⽂化交际⽇益密切和频繁,中西⽅的各项⽂化合作可谓达到了⼀个历史的新⾼点,从所谓的本⼟⽂化与外来⽂化的渗透交融,到⽂化观念的资源共享,成果领域的超拔凸显,这⼀切的盛况均体现了世界作为全球化时代的⼀个重要载体,已然位列⽂化传播与共享的“仙班”。
⽂章考察的美国好莱坞⼤⽚《功夫熊猫》这⼀现代重要的媒体表征之⼀,集中反映了这⼀事实,也让我们再⼀次体验到了何谓中西⽂化差异。
⼀、中西⽅⽂化差异的历史构型(⼀)哲学观与逻辑思维⽅式之异构关于中西⽅⽂化差异,⾸先是⼀个世界观问题,我们称之为⽂化的逻辑前提。
不同的世界观也可以说是思维⽅式,决定不同的价值观,那么,中西⽅⽂化的差异之逻辑起点就是中西⽅⼈持有的不同的思维⽅式或者称思维模式,它主导着⼈们对待事物的态度和总的看法。
具体到⽂化认知上⾯,就表现为中西⽅⼈所不同的认知模式和思维习惯,这是⼀个常识问题。
只有弄清楚这个前提,我们才能更加深刻的认识⽂化的那种根深蒂固的本质逻辑,那么导致这种不同的原因,显⽽易见,除了地域的因素之外,具体来讲还在于中西⽅⼈所特有的思维认知模式。
(⼆)哲学观差异决定价值观异构按照马克思的理解,有什么样的世界观(哲学观)就有什么样的价值观和⼈⽣观,那么我们在理解⽂化作为⼀种认知结果的时候,就必然会受认知者本⾝价值判断的影响。
不同的认知结果来源于不同的价值⽂化母体。
这是⼀种⾃⾜的体系,也是任何⼀种⽂化都持有的特有的价值体系,它在⼈们的交往过程中充当着原则、圭臬的作⽤。
观《功夫熊猫》——论中美文化差异
观《功夫熊猫》有感——论中美文化差异摘要:一个是拥有5000年璀璨历史的文明古国,一个是流动着200年新生血液的经济帝国。
中国和美国在形成和发展的过程中,产生了截然不同的文化。
中美两国有着不同的思维和价值观,在社会习俗和教育方面,也各具特色。
当一部充满中国特色的美国电影《功夫熊猫》被搬上银幕,中美两国的文化在这一刻剧烈地碰撞在了一起。
影片中的元素皆有着中国独特的风格,但主线剧情渲染的却是一种美国精神。
随着综合国力的增强,中美文化交流的同时,两国的关系也日益密切。
因此,研究中美两国的文化差异,成为了跨国交际中的重要的问题。
关键字:功夫熊猫;中国;美国;文化一、思维与价值观差异思维方式是看待事物的角度。
不同国籍、文化背景的人看待事物的角度不同,就会产生不同的思维方式。
[1]同理,人的价值观是从出生开始,在家庭和社会的影响下,逐步形成的。
一个人所处的社会生产方式及其所处的经济地位,对其价值观的形成有决定性的影响。
[2]从《功夫熊猫》这部不长电影中,我们可以横贯中美两国,体味不同的思维方式带来的价值观差异。
(一)、集体主义与个人主义中国人把对社会、对家庭的无私奉献,当做一种人生价值的体现。
而对美国来说,它们更加重视个人。
美国人有着很强的自我意识,他们强调个性和自身的荣誉;中国人却截然相反,在中国人的价值观中,牺牲小我完成大我的情操,才符合大局观念。
在《功夫熊猫》中,笨拙的熊猫Po从一个卖面的厨师,成为了神龙武士。
其中不乏许多搞笑的故事。
在成长的过程中,Po至始至终都是他自己,就算是练功,都是Master Shifu用Po最喜欢是食物威逼利诱才成就了他的辉煌。
经过努力奋斗之后,Po仍然满身肥膘胖的可爱,他的志向和爱好也从未变过,但他个人的核心价值却在此体现了。
Po有一群好朋友,有螳螂、虎,仙鹤、蛇和猴子。
当关在大牢中的豹子Tai Lung越狱后,他们为了荣誉集体出战,可最终却没能挡住Tai Lung的攻势败北了。
从《功夫熊猫》反观中美文化的差异
从《功夫熊猫》反观中美文化的差异[摘要]2008年7月,在中国北京奥运会开幕前的电影档上,由派拉蒙动画出品的电影《功夫熊猫》,以其制作精良的银幕画面、中国特色的幽默以及诸多好莱坞一线明星参与配音立刻火爆全球。
在《功夫熊猫》这部电影中,无处不彰显着中国文化与美国文化的差异与碰撞。
本文就是从这部电影中反观中美文化的差异,从它的文化传播战略入手,探讨中美文化在电影中的体现,因此具有一定的现实意义。
[关键词] 《功夫熊猫》;中国文化;美国文化;差异作为新时代西方人对中国形象的一次全新构筑,电影《功夫熊猫》反映了西方人对中国有了新的认识。
2008年,好莱坞运用大量的中国元素奇迹般地创造了一只“功夫熊猫”。
当被问到为什么会将拍摄视角投向中国时,《功夫熊猫》的导演斯蒂文森说:“十几年前我们就开始准备这个计划了。
我们每个人的童年都有过战胜恶魔和扶助弱者的英雄情节,而我自己本身就是一个中国文化和中国功夫的爱好者,《功夫熊猫》的创作主意就是这么慢慢构思出来的。
可以说,这部电影是写给中国的一封情书。
”据影片发行方的统计数据显示,2008年3月,《功夫熊猫》刚上映三周,累积总票房就超过了1.35亿人民币,成为中国内地第一部票房过亿的好莱坞动画片。
在《功夫熊猫》这部电影中,中国文化得到了淋漓尽致地展现。
一只憨态可掬的熊猫,全新视角的功夫题材,精深广博的东方元素让这只肥头大耳的胖熊猫红遍了全球。
其实,在这部电影中,无处不彰显着中国文化与美国文化的差异与碰撞,加之对普世价值观的运用,吸引了东西方的观众。
本文就是从这部电影中反观中美文化的差异,从《功夫熊猫》的文化传播战略入手,探讨中美文化在电影中的体现,因此具有一定的现实意义。
一、《功夫熊猫》的文化传播战略《功夫熊猫》之所以能在全球范围内引起巨大收看效应,主要是应用了一系列的文化传播战略,具体体现为以下几点。
(一)奇观化战略所谓“奇观”,是指随着科学技术的迅猛发展,东西方文化不断交融,从而以一种全新的、观众不常见到的叙事方法达到的视听效果。
以“大角牛VS功夫熊猫”,浅谈中国的武侠精神和美国的英雄主义的差异
以“大角牛VS功夫熊猫”,浅谈中国的武侠精神和美国的英雄主义的差异《小牛向前冲》在中央电视台播出以来,引起热烈反响。
认为这是一部地道的中国动画片,血气方刚的“大角牛”形象被人们所熟悉,“小牛精神”也受到高度赞扬。
而动画《功夫熊猫》里也存在着一个英雄形象,虽然这个动画是以中国文化为背景,中国功夫为主题,但是这部电影是美国公司制作,里面渗透着浓重的美国本土文化的气息。
本文通过对中国的武侠精神和美国的英雄主义的理解,使读者对中美文化有更深的认识,从而促进双方的交流。
一、武侠精神和英雄主义中国的武侠精神主要强调个人对整体的作用,虽然个人作用不可埋没,但是它是在为集体考虑的前提下。
美国的英雄主义,过于强调个人,对个人的要求都是很高的,要有比较出众的能力,打不到的精神,否则是得不到大家的认可的。
武侠精神表现在和朋友一起行动,英雄主义者只喜欢单独行动,比如他们的战斗是一对一的。
中国的武侠精神受儒家及道家思想的影响较深,体现出沉稳敦厚、尊长有序、中庸和平的民族主义特征。
美国的英雄主义受启蒙主义影响较深,呈现出意气豪放、民主自由、彰显自我的特质。
然而,两者之间也不能截然分开,在疾恶如仇、追求理想等方面,又有相通的一面,无论是中国,还是美国,均呈现出泛人性的某些特质。
二、《小牛向前冲》的大角牛VS《功夫熊猫》的阿宝的形象设计清华大学美术学院教授吴冠英担任大角牛的形象设计,他的创作源泉是广西的水牛,这种大角牛应该是南方的水牛,北方的黄牛的牛角比较短,很难表现出大角的特点。
从形象上看,它是水牛与黄牛的集合体。
牛是人类忠实的朋友,在中国12生肖中,牛虽然排在第二位,但它最能体现中华传统文化的深刻内涵,农民的特质被表现出来。
身穿有蒙古族民族元素红马甲的大角牛既活泼可爱又充满牛气,能够代表我们中华民族的那种拼搏精神,能够表达世界人民期盼牛气、走向更加美好明天的愿望。
《功夫熊猫》的角色设计技术总监内森·鲁夫保尔。
内森·鲁夫保尔说:熊猫是中国的国宝,功夫是中国在世界上影响很大的文化类型。
中美电影中英雄主义的比较与融合--以《功夫熊猫》和《金陵十三钗》为例
中美电影中英雄主义的比较与融合--以《功夫熊猫》和《金陵
十三钗》为例
袁帅;万宏瑜
【期刊名称】《山西大同大学学报(社会科学版)》
【年(卷),期】2013(000)003
【摘要】英雄崇拜是一种普遍的文化心理和文化情结,英雄主义作为文化的产物,其标准并不统一,不同的文化对英雄的界定也不尽相同。
电影艺术作为文化的载体,可以反映一国文化的特质,并对文化产生潜移默化的影响。
本文从中美两国不同的文化背景出发,以美国影片《功夫熊猫》和中国影片《金陵十三钗》为例比较两国电影作品中英雄主义主题的异同,并分析二者融合的趋势。
【总页数】4页(P62-64,89)
【作者】袁帅;万宏瑜
【作者单位】上海外国语大学英语学院翻译系,上海 201620;上海外国语大学英
语学院翻译系,上海 201620
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】I0-03
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4.浅析中美动画电影中的价值观传播策略r——以《大圣归来》和《功夫熊猫》系列为例 [J], 于洋
5.中美动画电影海报的多模态语篇对比分析——以《功夫熊猫2》和《西游记之大圣归来》为例 [J], 刘张婷
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从_功夫熊猫_浅谈美国动画影片中的英雄主义情结
[116]从《功夫熊猫》浅谈美国动画影片中的英雄主义情结张旖旎(南京艺术学院 传媒学院,江苏 南京 210013)[摘 要]美国的动画的发展起源于美国漫画,二者的风格都在不同程度上受到美国文化和核心价值观念的影响。
就美国动画而言无论是在题材选择上,还是细节处理上都集中体现了美国特有价值观念。
本文借由对充满浓郁中国风情的美国动画大片《功夫熊猫》主题的浅析,初步探讨了美国动画英雄主义情结的典型性及其成因。
[关键词]美国动画;成长;英雄主义作者简介: 张旖旎(1985- ),女,天津人,南京艺术学院传媒学院硕士研究生,研究方向: 动画艺术。
电影是工业发展下的产物,因此电影的发展与社会的发展,更确切的说是经济发展有着密不可分的关系。
透过大荧幕,表面上电影向观众展示的是一个或悲或喜的故事,跌宕起伏的情节,众多性格迥异的人物形象,实际上电影所表达的是人对社会,对时代的探究和思考。
动画电影属于电影中的一个特殊的类型。
与其他实拍电影最大的不同的在于,动画电影的角色和场景都是虚拟的。
但是作为电影类型的组成部分,动画电影依旧能够通过虚拟的故事情节反映人的世界观人生观和价值观。
美国动画大片《功夫熊猫》无论是主题内涵还是场景与角色、动作设计,都是中国味十足。
从影片的一开始,影片向观众展示的就是一幅中国传统山水画的画卷:崇山峻岭、绵延不断的山山水水,宁静质朴的乡间小镇,简陋而整洁的面馆儿,巍峨高耸的山峰,缥缈神秘的武林圣地,雕梁画栋的亭台楼阁……营造出一个富有诗意的中国古典武侠小说世界。
筷子和高跷等典型的中国物品,包子,豆腐这些倍感亲切的中国特色食品,虎、鹤、猴、蛇、螳螂五大高手的中国形意拳以及主角阿宝在师傅调教下最后一战时,一招一式都颇具中国特色的中国功夫。
《功夫熊猫》选择中国功夫作为创作题材,选择中国国宝级动物——大熊猫作为主角,描述了一个武侠童话。
正如1998年迪斯尼创作的动画电影《花木兰》一样,《功夫熊猫》中夹杂了众多的中国元素。
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辅修学位毕业论文( 2013届)从电影《功夫熊猫》看 中西方英雄主义外国语学院英语语言文学 12010240802 2011级刘玉琢题目 学 院 专 业年 级 学生姓名 学生学号指导教师文莉2013年5月Analyze Chinese and western heroism from the film Kong fuPandaA Thesis Submitted to the difference of the heroism in china and westerncountryNingxia UniversityIn Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Degree ofSecond bachelor of EnglishbyLiuyuzhuoSchool of Economics and ManagementNingxia UniversityMay, 2013AcknowledgementsI would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms. WenLi, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. Without her patient instruction, insightful criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the teachers in School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.I should finally to express my gratitude to my parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.AbstractPo, the leading role of Kung Fu Panda, is an inconspicuous small potato. He is a fatter panda from a noodles family. Nobody could think of that Po will become the Dragon Warrior, even himself. But finally Po overcame himself, enemy and become the great hero who was admired. Actually, the American heroism reflected is the American culture and values based on individual human existence. Chinese and western culture produced their hero according to their value system. The hero of China have a strong sense of justice and ready to help the weak, while the hero of western country pursue “Equal rights and freedom of think, speech, religion respecting different. etc.”Emphasis on spiritual liberation and human rights requirements. Especially in films and television programs, differences between two cultures are more clearly. But there are some of the same characteristics.Key words: Chinese and western culture, heroism, film.《功夫熊猫》中的主角阿波,是和平谷中的最不起眼的小人物——一只来自面条世家的胖熊猫。
没有人想到他会被选为担负重任的神龙侠,甚至连他自己也觉得是最不适合的人选。
但是阿波最终还是承担起自己成为神龙侠的责任,战胜自己,进而战胜敌人,成长为人人敬仰的大英雄。
美国英雄主义所表现的其实是以个人存在为基本前提的美国文化和价值观念。
中西方两种文化按照它们各自的价值系统创造了各自的英雄,中国的英雄倾向为“走江湖,打富豪,行侠仗义。
”重点在于劫富济贫,给弱者以物质的帮助或肉体一时的解放。
西方的英雄主义要求“Equal rights and freedom of think, speech, religion,respecting different. etc.”重点在于精神上的解放和人权的要求。
特别是在影视作品中,两种文化中英雄的不同体现的最为明显,但也有一些相同的特征。
关键词:中西方文化,英雄主义,电影。
Acknowledgements. (i)Abstract (ii)摘要 (iii)1 引言................................................. 12 分析《功夫熊猫》中的英雄主义.......................... 32.1 体现 ............................................ 32.2 文化背景 ........................................ 43 中西方电影中关于英雄主义的相同之处.................... 63.1英雄主人公....................................... 63.2女性形象......................................... 64 中西方电影中关于英雄主义的不同之处.................... 84.1 人物的不同 ...................................... 84.2 本质的不同 .................................... 104.3 结局的不同 .................................... 125 结论............................................... 13参考文献............................................. 15从电影《功夫熊猫》看中西方英雄主义1 引言英雄主义几乎存在于每一种文化中,它代表了一种社会文化并在一定程度上影响着社会的发展。
然而,不同的文化对英雄主义的定义是不一样的。
英雄主义的核心就在于评价英雄的社会价值,而不同文化的分歧就在于怎样的人能被视为英雄。
中西方两种文化按照它们各自的价值系统创造了各自的英雄,中国的英雄倾向为“走江湖,打富豪,行侠仗义。
”重点在于劫富济贫,给弱者以物质的帮助或肉体一时的解放。
西方的英雄主义要求“Equal rights and freedom of think, speech, religion,respecting different. etc." 重点在于精神上的解放和人权的要求。
特别是在影视作品中,两种文化中英雄的不同体现的最为明显,但也有一些相同的特征。
一般说来,一个英雄总是出自特定的社会和历史背景。
评价一个英雄的标准之一便是其文化中相应的价值概念。
一个英雄的言行应该合乎当前的价值标准,换句话说,英雄应该坚决维护当前的社会价值系统。
(赵沛齐万良 1999:33)然而,社会价值系统随着历史不断发展,同时推动着整个社会向前不断发展,因而有时候对英雄的评价不是按照其相应的社会价值系统,那些打破老的社会价值系统并且建立起新的社会价值观的英雄便出现了。
但是,不同的文化有不同的特点,它们的英雄也有各自的特质。
大多数人认识了解英雄是通过影视这种生动的形式。
关于西方的英雄类电影,观众能很容易地回忆起很多,比如,《勇敢的心》《生死时速》《第一滴血》《007》以及《蜘蛛侠》。
中国的影视中也有很多英雄类电影,有近两年的《卧虎藏龙》《英雄》《功夫熊猫》等。
这些中西方影视中的英雄形象反映出两种文化对英雄的定义和看法。
两种文化中的英雄都有伟大的精神、勇气和敏锐的见解这些英雄共同的特点。
但仔细比较,却又反应出两种不同的价值系统和文化精神的不同特点。
究竟中西方的英雄主义有哪些差别呢?本文就讨论了中西方英雄主义的背景及比较,让读者们有更加清晰的认识。
2 分析《功夫熊猫》中的英雄主义《功夫熊猫》属于典型的好莱坞式的小人物成长为大英雄的故事。
当小人物在赋予使命之后,也曾表现出软弱退缩,甚至放弃。
2.1 体现《功夫熊猫》属于典型的好莱坞式的小人物成长为大英雄的故事。
当小人物在赋予使命之后,也曾表现出软弱退缩,甚至放弃。
《功夫熊猫》中的主角阿波,是和平谷中的最不起眼的小人物——一只来自面条世家的胖熊猫。
没有人想到他会被选为神龙侠,甚至连他自己也觉得是最不适合的人选。
但是阿波最终还是承担起自己成为神龙侠的责任,战胜自己,进而战胜敌人,成长为人人敬仰的大英雄。
美国英雄主义情结所表现的其实是以个人存在为基本前提的美国文化和价值观念核心。
熊猫阿波本是一个很普通的小人物,虽然意外地成为了乌龟仙人所说的神龙侠,但他的确是在一个选举仪式上产生的。
也就是说,虽然命中注定他将成为英雄,但在诞生的过程上也要尽显规则的平等。