特殊定语从句
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典型定语从句易错题详析
She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
【易错】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词where。
【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词which或that。比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：
She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our c ompany.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
请再做一组试题(答案均选A)：
(1) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词bought 的宾语。
(2) Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。
(3) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。
The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was
B. it was
C. which were
D. them were
【易错】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.
A. which is
B. it is
C. which are
D. them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a n ice restaurants whe re we can have Chinese food.
A. which are
B. it is
C. which is
D. them are
■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _____ _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what
【易错】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
■_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
【易错】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every mon th.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What