英语常用不规则动词大全
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★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下:
一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分
词三者都相同。(共9个)cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let— let put—put—put read—read—read set—set—set shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。
(共41个)
1过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个)bring—brought—brought
buy— bought—bought think—thought—thought
2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—built lend—lent— l ent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent
3过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught
4把-eep变为-ept。(3个)keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept
5把-ell变为-ol d。(2个)
tell—told—told sell—sold—sold
6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spill—spilt—spilt
7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant spoil—spoilt—spoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard
9改变元音字母。(11个)meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find— found—found hold—held—hel d spit—spat—spat shine— shone—shone win—won—won hang—hung—hung(悬挂)dig— dug—dug lose—lost—lost
10改变辅音字母。(1个)make—made—made
11改变元、辅音字母。(4个)leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have(has)— had—had understand—und erstood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分
词都不相同。(共35个)
1 i—a—u变化。(6个)begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum sink—sank—sunk
2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
bl ow—blew—bl own draw—drew—drawn grow—grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3 词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven write—wrote—written
ride—rod e—rid den rise—rose—risen
4 过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)break—broke—broken choose—chose—chosen freeze—froze—frozen speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke— woken
5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6 过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)be—was(were)—been eat—ate—eaten fall—fell—fallen give—gave—given see—saw—seen hide—hid—hidd en(hid)
7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)take—took—taken mistake—mistook—mistaken
8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)do—did—d one fly—flew—fl own go—went—gone lie—lay—lain(平躺)show—showed—shown wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1
个)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。
(3个)
come—came—come become—became—become run— ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有
过去分词。(4个)
can—coul d may—might
will—would shall—should
★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:come/came/come
become/became/become
run/ran/run
(come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome 属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed)
四、过去式,过去分词相同:
(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed (2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再
在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt spill/spilt/spilt
(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
catch/caught/caught
teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought
buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) 将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood
understand/understood/understood (6) 将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid say/said/said
(7) 将d改为t
lend/l ent/l ent send/sent/sent spend/spent/spent build/built/built