动词不定式的基本用法归纳

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动词不定式的基本用法归纳
一、动词不定时的形式
?肯定式:to do sth ?否定式:not to do sth. ? 被动式:to be done ?完成式:to have done
源自文库
二、动词不定式的用法
1.作主语
A. 动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:
(1)To see is to believe.
I think it necessary to report the thing to the teacher.
I find it interesting to work with him.
C.动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语,但仅限于 介词 except 和but (除了)。 ?常用句型有: There is nothing to do but+ 动词原形 do nothing but+ 动词(除做 ….之外别无选择) can but+ 动词原形 (只能原形 (“只有做……) have no choice but to do ,只得) cannot help/choose but+ 动词原形 (不能不……)
3.作表语和宾语不足语
? 动词不定式作表语,一是主语有不定式充当;二是 主语由抽象名词充当。
To teach is to learn. My job is to help the patient . 【注意】如果在主语中(通常在主语从句或修饰主语 的定语从句中)又实意动词 do时,作表语的动词不 定式省略 to。
All I want to do now (What I want to do now) is fill my stomach .
4.作宾语补足语
【注意】在感官动词( see, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watch, observe 等)和使役动词( let, have , make )后的补足语中,不定式不带 to。但这类 句子变成被动语态时,必须带 to。
(2)To master English gives us much help in the study of sience. B. 不定式或不定式短语作主语时,常用 it作形 式主语,构成“ It is + 形容词(+for sb.) 不定式” 结构。
It is impossible for him to give up smoking.
I saw him play in the park. →He was seen to play in the park. The boss made those men work day and night . →Those men were made to work day and night.
2.作宾语
A.动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多,如 want, decide, intend, fail, wish, export, pretend, choose 等等。
I mean to go there at once. B.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,
往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后,而用 it作形式 宾语。句型为“主语 +find (feel, think, believe, consider, etc) +it+ 形容词/名词+to do sth”。
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