西北师范大学博士真题
西北师大 心理学 考博英语真题试卷
西北师大心理学考博英语真题试卷1、18．Who is staying at home now? ________, all of them are out. [单选题] *A．NoneB．No one(正确答案)C．EveryoneD．Nothing2、The twins _______ us something about their country. [单选题] *A. told(正确答案)B. saidC. talkedD. spoke3、We can’t go out ______ school nights. （）[单选题] *A. inB. on(正确答案)C. atD. by4、78．According to a report on Daily Mail, it’s on Wednesday（）people start feeling really unhappy. [单选题] *A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that(正确答案)5、My camera is lost. I am ______ it everywhere.（）[单选题] *A. looking atB. looking for(正确答案)C. looking overD. looking after6、—______ is it from your home to the bookstore?—About 15 kilometers.（）[单选题] *A. How far(正确答案)B. How muchC. How longD. How many7、Allen is looking forward to _______ his American partner at the trade fair. [单选题] *A. meetB. meeting(正确答案)C. be meetingD. having meeting8、The car _______ after forty minutes driving, so he didn’t have the interview on time. [单选题] *A. broke down(正确答案)B. broke inC. broke outD. broke up9、—How do you find（）birthday party of the Blairs? —I should say it was __________ complete failure．[单选题] *A．a; aB. the ; a(正确答案)C．a; /D．the; /10、27．Will it ______ warm in the room? [单选题] *A．areB．be(正确答案)C．isD．going to be11、While studying abroad, he financially depended（）his wife. [单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. ofC. toD. from12、Be _______ when you are driving. [单选题] *A. afraidB. careful(正确答案)C. clearD. clean13、( ) My mother told me _____ in bed. [单选题] *A. not readB. not readingC. don’t readD. not to read(正确答案)14、( ) _____ New York _____ London have traffic problems. [单选题] *A. All…andB. Neither….norC. Both…and(正确答案)D. Either…or15、—It’s too noisy outside. I can’t fall asleep.—I can’t, either. We have to ______ new ways to solve the problem.（）[单选题] *A. come up with(正确答案)B. get on withC. make up withD. catch up with16、No writer will be considered（）of the name until he writes a work. [单选题] *A. worthlessB. worthy(正确答案)C. worthwhileD. worth17、I don't know the man _____ you are talking about. [单选题] *A. who'sB. whose(正确答案)C. whomD. which18、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking19、Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night, but his parents don’t allow him ______ so. （）[单选题] *A. doB. doneC. to do(正确答案)D. doing20、41．—________ do you take?—Small, please. [单选题] *A．What size(正确答案)B．What colourC．How manyD．How much21、_______ your help, I passed the English exam. [单选题] *A. ThanksB. Thanks to(正确答案)C. Thank youD. Thank to22、My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet?_______ at the airport. [单选题] *A. herB. youC. him(正确答案)D. them23、Growing vegetables（）constantly watering. [单选题] *A. neededB. are neededC. were neededD. needs(正确答案)24、—Why do you call him Mr. Know?—______ he knows almost everything that we want to know.（）[单选题] *A. SoB. OrC. ButD. Because(正确答案)25、Betty works as a waitress to earn money for her education. [单选题] *A. 服务员(正确答案)B. 打字员C. 秘书D. 演员26、I took?some _______of the Great Wall?in China last year. [单选题] *A. potatoesB. tomatoesC. photos(正确答案)D. paintings27、Online shopping _______ very popular now. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. wasD. were28、—Can you play tennis? —______, but I’m good at football.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I can(正确答案)B. Yes, I doC. No, I can’tD. No, I don’t29、( ). The old man enjoys ______ stamps. And now he has1300 of them [单选题] *A. collectB. collectedC. collecting(正确答案)D. to collect30、Nowadays schools should care for the full _______ of a student’s talents. [单选题] *A. satisfactionB. development(正确答案)C. communicationD. preparation。
西北师范大学2019年博士研究生入学考试英语试题
西北师范大学2019年博士研究生入学考试英语试题博士研究生入学考试英语试题考试科目名称：英语试题适用招生专业：全校Part L Listening Comprehension ( 25％)Section A: Spot DictationDirections: In this section, you are going to hear a passage. The passage will he read only once. As you listen to the passage, fill in the blanks with the words you hear. After the passage, there will be a 3-minute pause. During the pause, you must write the words on the Answer Sheet.A recent university research project investigated the attitudes of postgraduate science students (1)____the learning of English vocabulary. The results were urprising. I'll (2) ____three of them.firstly, most of the stcrdeaats think that (3) ____every word ill English has just one meaning. This is, of course:, completely (4) ____to the facts. A glance at any English dictionary will show this. The student will (5) ____find seven or eight meanings listed for (6) ____simple' words.Why, then, have these students made such a mistake:' One reason irnay be that they're .ill (7) ____. students. Scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning, and one meaning only. Another reason., of course,could be the way in Which these Student, Were They may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner English. (M one side of the page is the word in Iaaglish-, on the other sloe, a single \ti'ord in the (Q) native language.'l°he second attitude that (10) ____from the findings isequally mistaken. (11) ____all the students think that every word in English has an exact (12)____equivalent. Again, this is far from the trijth. Sometimes one word in Iinglish can only be translated by a (13) ____in the student's native languial c. "there are other (l4) ____ill translation which we won't mention here. (:ertainly the idea of a one word for one word translation (15) ____is completely false. Translation machines, which tried to work on this (16) ____failed completely.The third result'of the investigation showed another (17) ____in the students' thinking. They believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word, they're in a (18) ____to use it correctly. This is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly (19) ____for English. The student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means. Some words in English mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations.What, then, is the best way to increase one's vocabulary? This can be answered in threewords-observation, (20) ____and repetition.Section B: Multiple ChoiceDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear S questions. The passage and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then write your choice on the Answer Slicet.21. A) It had no efFect on living cells. 13) It had effects on living cells. C) It had effects only on children.I)) It had effects only on adults.22. A) An increasing number of cancers in children.I3) A link between an electric current and the energy fold.C) A causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field.1)) A Small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line.23. A) 446. 13) 464. C ) 223. 1))234.24. A) Because he doesn't have enough evidence.R) Because other scientists have not studied his results yet.C.) Because he discovered nodirect link between disease and electricity.D) Because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet beenproved.25. A) Health and environment.B) Electric current and the energy field. C) Electricity and cancer.D) Electrical workers and cancer.Section C: Question and AnswerDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage. The passage will be read only once. Then try to answer the following questions according to what you have heard. Remember you should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.26. Why aren't most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town?27. Why do many small town doctors work long hours? 28. What is the growing problem in theUnited States? 29. How many new doctors did the National Health Service Corps produce in 1979?30. Whom did a hospital in Parkersprary offer a reward o€5,000 dollar to?Part 11[. Vocabulary (20%),Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.31. To qualify for such a position, the native would first have to receive specialized training, and thisis____A) refused B) discouragedC) denied D) forbidden32. The little girl wore a very thin coat. A sudden gust of cold wind made her____A) whirl B) shiftC) shiver D) shake33. Presently, there are nine teachers in my team, who have____the task of teaching advanced English tomore than 500 non-English majors.A) inclined B) hesitatedC) afforded D) undertaken34. The press demands that politicians____the sources of their income.A) betray B) concealC) disclose D) renew35. Having gone through all kinds of hardships in life, he became a m with a strong____A) philosophy B) idealismC) morality D) personality36. One new____to learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context.A) approach B) solutionC) manner D) road37. To maintain public____is not only the policemen's duty but f every citizen's responsibility.A) custom B) confidenceC) security D) simplicity38. All was dark in the district except for a candle____through th curtains in one of houses.A) glimmering B)glitteringC) flaming D) blazing39. One of the stands____and dozens of people were either killer or injured.A) destroyed B) collapsedC) corroded D) ruined40. "Me, afraid of him?" he said with a(n) ____smile, "Not me!"A) contemptible B) amusingC) contagious D) contemptuous41. He will simply no listen to anybody; he is____to argument.A) impervious B) imperceptibleC) impassable D) blunt42. Stop asking all these personal questions! It is bad manners to beA) inquisitive B) impatientC) acquisitive D) informative43. He____between life and death for a few days but then he pul:A) hovered B) lurchedC) wavered D) fluctuated44. We are prepared to satisfy all your____claimA} legitimate B) legibleC) intimate D) legislative45. There is not a Greek word which is the exact____of the English word ' stile'.A) equivalent B) copyC) counterpart D) meaning46. The prizes will be____at the end of the school year.A) distributed B) attributedC) granted D) contributed47. During our stay in Paris we were splendidly____by the Italian Ambassador.A) sustained B) maintainedC) retained D) entertained48. On leaving, we thanked him most warmly for the hospitality____to us and our friends.A) extended B) expandedC) expended D) awarded49. If the dispute is not settled in a(n) ____ way soon, the two countries will certainly go to war.A) amiable B) amicableC) inimical D) unfriendly50, If I may be so____as to advise you, my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.A) generous B) humbleC) proud D) bold51. If you take a(n) ____course like her you can learn English in less than two years.A) intensive B) extensiveC) expansive D) retentive52. After a year's hard work I think I am____to a long holiday. 10,A) entailed B) deservedC) entitled D) satisfied53. Thousands of people____from Greece every year to work in West Germany.A) emigrate B) leaveC) abandon D) immigrate54, lie was a member of the Hillary____that conquered Mount Everest.A) mission B) invasionC) experiment D) expedition55. It was my sad duty to____the news of John's death to his family.A) submit B) breakC) say D) proclaim56. He____himself as a war correspondent in Vietnam.A) discerned B) distinguishedC) discriminated D) extinguished57. She____his invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A) inclined B) declinedC) denied D) disinclined58. He was____with attempted robbery and held in custody..A) accused B) prosecutedC) charged D) arrested59. What the witness said in court was not____with the statement he made to the police.A) prevalent B) relevantC) consistent D) coincident60. Molly has always beep a(n) ____child; she becomes ill easily.A) delicate B) gloomyC) energetic D) confident61. There are some very beautifully____glass windows in the church.A) designed B) drawnC) marked D) stained62. The man who never tries anything new is a(n) ____on the wheels of progress.A) obstacle B) brakeC) break D) block63. There is a sale at Hamfridge's next week with____in all departments.A) decreases B) subtractionsC) reductions D) accounts64. Doctors have long known that if a patient is____that he will recover and is treated with sympathy, his painwill often disappear.A) assumed B) assuredC) informed D) proved65: Although most birds have only a____sense of smell, they have acute vision.A} genuine.B) negativeC) negligible D) condensed66. We are sorry to say that Mary is not the very person who can be____with either money or secret information.A）entrusted B) committedC)consigned D) assigned67. If you never review your lessons, you will only have yourself to____if you fail in your examination.A) complain B) blameC) mistake D) fault68. We were four scores left behind with five minutes to go,so the game looked completely____A) irresistible B) irremissibleC} irreplaceable D) irretrievable69. Had the explosion broken out, the passagers in the plane should have been killed, for it was____timedwith the plane's take-off.A) spontaneously B) instantaneouslyC} simultaneously D) conscientiously70. The two witnesses who saw the shootings were able to____who hard fired first.A) encounter B) highlightC} testify D) identifyPart III. Reading Comprehension (50 minutes, 30 points)Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write your answer on the Answer Sheet.One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate witheach other. He was standing a t the edge of one of the tanks where several of these highly intelligent, friendly creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside hiui,and had turned on his back. He wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. But this time Elvar was too deep in the water for Sagan to reach him. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like theword `More?'The astonished astronomer went -to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.`Oh, yes: That's one of the words he knows,' the director said, showing no surprise at all.Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, andit has been known for a long time that they can make a number o€ sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster ,and much further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a `language' in the real sense of the word? Scientists don't agree on this.A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words.A language has a structure, or what we call a grammar. The grammar of a language helps to give it meaning. For example, the two questions `Who loves Mary?' and `Who does Mary love?' mean different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesn't come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question `Can dolphins speak?' can't be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in ways which affect their meaning.71. The dolphin leapt into the air becauseA) Sagan had turned his backB) it was part of the game they were playingC) he wanted Sagan to scratch him againD) Sagan wanted him to do this72. When Sagan told the director about what the dolphin haddone, the directorA) didn't seem to think it was unusualB) thought Sagan was jokingC) told Sagan about other words the dolphin knewD) asked him if he knew other words73. Dolphins' brains are particularly well-developed toA) help them to travel fast in waterB) arrange sounds in different structuresC) respond to different kinds of soundD) communicate with humans through sound74. The sounds we call words can be called a language only ifA) each sound has a different meaningB) each sound is different from the otherC) there is a system of writingD) they have a structure or grammar（2）Married people live "happily ever after" in fairy tales, but they do so less and less often in real life. 1, like many of my friends, got married, divorced, and remarried. I suppose, to some people, I'm a failure. After all, I broke my first solemn promise to "love and cherish until death us do part." But I feel that I'm finally a success. I learned from the mistakes I made in my first marriage. This time around, the ways my husband and I share our free time, make decisions, and deal with problems are very different.I learned, first of all, not to be a clinging vine (依赖男子的妇女) . In my first marriage, I felt the every moment we spent apart was wasted. If Ray wanted to go out to a bar with his friends to watch a football game, I felt rejected and talked him into staying home. I wouldn't accept an offer to go to a movie or join anexercise class it' it meant that Ray would be home alone. I realize now that we were often angry with each other just because we spent too much time together. In contrast, my second husband and I spend some of our tree time apart and try to have interests of our own. I have started playing racquetball at a health club, and Davidsometimes takes off to go to the local auto races with his friends. When we are together, we aren't bored with each other; our separate interests make us more interesting people.I learned not only to be apart sometimes but also to work together when it's time to make decisions. When Ray and I were married, I left all the important decisions to him. He decided how we would spend money, whether we should sell the car or fix it, and where to take a vacation. I know now that I went along with this so that I wouldn't have to take the responsibility when things went wrong. I could always end an argument by saying, "It was your fault!" With my second marriage, I am trying to be a full partner. We ask each other's opinions on major decisions and try to compromise if we disagree. If we make the wrong choice, we're equally guilty. When we rented an apartment, for example, we both had to take the blame for not noticing the drafty windows and the "no pets" clause in our lease.Maybe the most important thing I've learned is to be a grown-up about facing problems. David and i have made a vow to face our troubles like adults. If we're mad at each other or worried and upset, we say how we feel. Rather than hide behind our own misery, we talk about the problem until we discover how to fix it. Everybody argues or has to deal with the occasional crisis, but Ray and I always reacted like children to these stormy times.I would lock myself in the spare bedroom. Ray would stalk out ofthe house, slam the door, and race off in the car. Then I would cry and worry till he returned.I wish that my first marriage hadn't been the place where I learned how to make a relationship work, but at least I did learn.1 feel better now about being an independent person, about making decisions, and about facing problems. My second marriage isn't perfect, but it doesn't have the deep flaws that made the first one fall apart.75. Which of the following has contributed to the writer's divorce?A) Her former husband went out to watch football games.B) She started to play racquetball at a health club.C) They spent too much time together and got bored with each other.D) They spent so little time together that they could not talk to each other.76. It can be learned from the passage that the writer, in her first marriage,A) took less responsibility than she should for major decisionB) tool: the same responsibility as her husbandC) took more blame when things went wrongD) felt equally guilty when things went wrong77. Which of the following that the author should have said when she quarrelled with her former husband but she did not.A) "It was your fault!"B) "Maybe you're right."C) "It's none of your business."D) "It's none of my business."78. All the problems between the writer and David can be resolved becauseA) they hide their feelingsB) they lock themselves in their bedroomC) they have promised not to be mad at each otherD) they dare to face them79, The writer's second marriage is different from the first one in all the following ways except A) that they share their free timeB) that they make their decisions togetherC) that they talk to each otherD) that they deal with their troubles together80. The best title for the passage isA) First MarriageB) Second MarriageC) DivorceD) Perfect Marriage（3）Classified Advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as "Help Wanted", "Real Estate," "Lost and Found" are made, the rate charged being less than that for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser. The reader who, is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertiser may, on this account, use a very small advertisement that would be lost if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper.It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to apage of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely to much extent on display type to get the reader's attention.Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is vying with others in the same group for the reader's attention. In many cases the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way the classified advertisement has in reality become a display advertisement. This is particularly true of realestate advertising.81. Classified advertising is different to display advertising becauseA) all advertisements of a certain type are grouped togetherB) it is more distinguishedC) it is more expensiveD) nowadays the classified advertisements are all of the same size82. One of the examples given of types of classified advertisement isA) house for saleB) people who are asking for helpC) people who are lostD) real antiques for sale83. What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified advertisements, according to thewriter?A) They are in the frame of mind to buy anything.B) They are looking for something they need.C) They feel lost because there are so many advertisements.D) They feel the same as when they look at display advertisements.84. What does the writer say about the classified advertisements that used to be put in the papers?A) They used to be voluntary.B) They used to use display type.C) They were all the same size.D) They were more formal.85. Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance, according to the writer?A) Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.B) Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C）Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be smaller now.D) Because there are more advertisements now and more competition amongst advertisers. .（4）Mr Abu, the laboratory attendant, came in from the adjoining store and briskly cleaned the blackboard. He was a retired African sergeant from the Army Medical Corps and was feared by the boys. If he caught any of them in any petty thieving, he offered them the choice of a hard smack on the bottom or of being reported to the science masters. Most boys chose the former as they knew the matter would end there with no long interviews, moral arguments and an entry in the conduct book.The science master, a man called Vernier, stepped in and stood on his small platform. Vernier set the experiments for the day and demonstrated them, then retired behind the "ChurchTimes" which he read seriously in between walking quickly along the rows of laboratory benches, advising boys. It was a simple heat experiment to show that a dark surface gave out more heat by radiation than a bright surface.During the class, Vernier was called away to the telephone and Abu was not about, having retired to the lavatory for a smoke. As soon as a posted guard announced that he was out of sight, minor pandemonium ('N k) broke out. Some of the boys raided the store. The wealthier ones took rubber tubing to make catapults and to repair bicycles, and helped themselves to chemicals for developing photographic films. The poorer boys, with a more determined aim, took only things of strict commercial interst which could be sold easily in the market. They emptied stuff into bottles in their pockets. Soda for making soap, magnesium sulphate for opening medicine, salt for cooking, liquid paraffin for women's hairdressing, and fine yellow iodoform powder much in demand for sprinkling on sores. Kojo objected mildly to all this. "Oh, shut up!" a few boys said. Sorie, a huge boy who always wore a fez indoors, commanded respect and some leadership in the class. He was gently drinking his favourite mixture of diluted alcohol and bicarbonate----which he called "gin and fizz"----from a beaker. "Look here, Kojo, you are getting out of hand. What do you think our parents pay taxes and school fees for? For us to enjoy----or to buy a new car every year for Simpson? " The other boys laughed. Simpson was the European headmaster, feared by the small boys, adored by the boys in the middle school, and liked, in a critical fashion, with reservations, by some of the senior boys and African masters. He had a passion for new motor-cars, buying one yearly."Come to think of it," Sorie continued to Kojo, "you must takesomething yourself, then we'll know we are safe," "Yes, you must," the other boys insisted. Kojo gave in and, unwillingly, took a little nitrate for some gunpowder experiments which he was carrying out at home. "Someone!" the look-out called.The boys ran back to their seats in a moment. Sorie washed out his mouth, at the sink with some water.Mr Abu, the laboratory attendant, entered and observed the innocent expression on the faces of thewhole class. He looked round fiercely and suspiciously, and then sniffed the air. It was a physicsexperiment, but the place smelled chemical. However, Vemier came in then. After asking if anyonewas in difficulties, and finding that no one could in a moment think up anything, he retired to hischair and settled down to an article on Christian reunion.86, The boys were afraid of Mr Abu becauseA) he had been an Army sergeant and had military ideas of disciplineB) he reported them to the Science masters whenever he caught them petty thievingC) he was cruelD) he believed in strict discipline87. When the boys were caught petty thieving, they usually chose to be beaten by Mr Abu becauseA) he gave them only one hard smack instead of the six from their teachersB) they did not want to get a bad reputation with their teachersC) they were afraid of their science mastersD) his punishment was quicker than their teachers'88. Some boys took chemicals like soda and iodoform powder becauseA) they liked to set up stalls in the marked and sell things, like tradersB) they were too poor to buy things like soap and medicineC) they wanted money and could sell such things quicklyD) they needed things like soap and medicine for sores89. A big difference between Kojo and Sorie was thatA) Kojo took chemicals for some useful experiment but Sorie only wasted his in making an alcoholicdrink.B) Sorie was rich but Kojo was poorC) Kojo had a guilty conscience but Sorie did notD) when Kojo objected. Sorie proved that what they were doing was reasonable90. On entering the laboratory, Mr Abu was immediately suspicious becauseA) the whole class was looking so innocentB) he was a suspicious man by natureC) there was no teacher in the roomD) he could smell chemicals and he knew it was a physics lesson ,（5）Alison closed the door of her small flat and put down her briefcase. As usual, she had brought some work home from the travel agency. She wanted to have a quick bite to eat and then, after spending a few hours working, she was looking forward to watching television or listening to some music:.She was just about to start preparing her dinner when there was a knock at the door. `Uli, no! Who on earth could that be?'she muttered to herself. She went to the door and opened it just wide enough to see who it was. A man of about sixty was standing there. It took her a moment before she realized who he was. He lived in the flat below. They had passed each other on the stairs once or twice, and had nodded to each other but never really spoken.`Uh, sorry to bother you, but ...uh...there's something I'd like to talk to you about,' he mumbled. He had a long, thin face and two big front teeth that made him look rather like a rabbit. Alison hesitated, but then, opening the door wide, asked him to come in. It was then that she noticed the dog. She hated dogs----particularly big ones. This one was a very old, very fat bulldog. The man had already bone into her small living-room and, without being asked, he sat down on the sofa. The dog followed him in and climbed up on the sofa next to him, breathing heavily. She stared at it. It stared back.The man coughed. `Uh, do you mind if I smoke?' he asked. Before she could ask him not to, he had taken out a cigarette and lit it.`I'll tell you why I've come. I ...I hope you won't be offended but, well ...,' he began and then stopped. Suddenly his face went red. His whole body began to shake. Then another cough exploded from somewhere deep inside him. Still coughing, he took out a grey, dirty-looking handkerchief and spat into it. Afterwards he put the cigarette back into his mouth and inhaled deeply. As he did so, some ash fell on the carpet.The man looked around the room. He seemed to have forgotten what he wanted to say. Alison glanced at her watch and wondered when he would get to the point. She waited.'Nice place you've got here,' he said at last.。
2022考研西北师范大学自主命题研究生入学考试真题 348文博综合
2022考研西北师范大学自主命题考研真题348文博综合业务课名称：348文博综合
考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。
2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。
满分:300分时间:180分钟
一、名词解释:(每题10分，共80分)
1、文化层
2、唐昭陵
3、半坡遗址
4、《宣和画谱》
5、文物知识工程
6、史墙盘
7、郭店楚简
8、“北京三大馆”
二、简答题(每题20分，共100分)
1、简述隋唐五代时期的著名瓷窑
2、简述博物馆类型的划分方法
3、如何对古书画进行分析鉴定?
4、简述我国古代建筑种类
5、简述隋唐洛阳城的形制与布局
三、论述题(每题40分共120分)
1试述19世纪70年代至20世纪初英法美等国在我国所建的博物馆并进行简要评论。
2列举西北地区的5个石窟，并任选一个石定予以详细介绍
3、谈谈应该如何建设中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的考古学。
西北师大教育学博士考试真题
西北师大教育学博士考试真题
一、夸美纽斯《大教课论》、赫尔巴特《一般教育学》，再论两三本中国教育家的教育学，就教材内容、逻辑构造的异同阐述。
二、中国二十世纪八十年月，教育实质理论的看法阐述
1、教育是上层建筑
2、教育是生产力
3、教育拥有上层建筑和生产力的两重属性
4、教育是一种综合性的社会实践活动
5、教育是促使社会化的过程
6、教育是培育人的社会活动
三、联合教育和文化的关系，阐述多元文化对道德教育的关系（一）教育和文化的关系
（二）多元文化与道德教育
1、多元文化的定义
在一个公司集体、社会共同体、地区联合体等系统中共存的
且有必定联系的诸种文化。
核心原则是全部文化都应获得尊敬，
认可文化的多样性和差别性，并对其拥有的一种宽容的态度。
2、多元文化与教育
促使了教育看法和思想方式的改革
促使了教育民主的发展
促使了教育模式的多元
推动了教育的不停改革
四、浅析中国几种教育公正理论的特色和差别。
1 / 1。
师范大学考博真题及答案
1、 DNA的一、二、三级结构：一级结构，就是指4种脱氧核苷酸的链接及排列顺序，表示了该DNA分子的化学构成。
核苷酸相互连接形成长的多核苷酸链。
两个核苷酸之间的连接通常是通过磷酸二酯键（phosphodiester bond），该键将一个核苷酸的磷酸基团与另一个核苷酸的脱氧核糖连接。
由四种脱氧核苷酸通过磷酸二酯键连接而成的长链高分子多聚体为DNA分子的一级结构。
DNA分子中第一个核苷酸的3'-羟基与第二个核苷酸的5'-磷酸基脱水形成3',5'-磷酸二酯键,第二个核苷酸的3'-羟基又与第三个核苷酸的磷酸基脱水形成3',5'-磷酸二酯键，依此类推，形成线性多聚体。
DNA分子中第一个核苷酸的5'-磷酸与最末一个核苷酸的3'-羟基都未参与形成3',5'-磷酸二酯键，故分别称为5'-磷酸端(或5'-端)和3'羟基端(或3'-端)。
二级结构，Watson-Crick DNA双螺旋结构：生物大分子主链周期性折叠形成的规则构象成为二级结构。
具有如下特征：1.两条多核苷酸链以相同的旋转绕同一个公共轴形成右手双螺旋，螺旋的直径2.0nm2.两条多核苷酸链是反向平行的，一条5’-3’，另一条3’-5’3.两条多核苷酸链的糖-磷酸骨架位于双螺旋外侧，碱基平面位于链的内侧4相邻碱基对之间的轴向距离为0.34nm，每个螺旋的轴距为3.4nmDNA二级结构的稳定作用力1.两条多核苷酸链间的互补碱基对之间的氢键2.碱基对疏水的芳香环堆积所产生的疏水作用力，以及堆积的碱基对间的范德华力，3.磷酸集团上的负电荷与介质中的阳离子化合物之间形成的盐键DNA三级结构是DNA分子可以在双螺旋的基础上，进一步绕同一中心轴扭转，造成超螺旋。
环状分子的额外螺旋可以形成超螺旋。
超螺旋可以是右手螺旋（正超螺旋），也可以是左手螺旋（负超螺旋）。
2023年甘肃西北师范大学招考聘用事业编制博士研究生学历专职辅导员强化练习题(二)
2023年甘肃西北师范大学招考聘用事业编制博士研究生学历专职辅导员强化练习题(二)1、单选题下列不属于生产要素的是_____。
A:工人B:劳动C:土地D:企业家才能参考答案:B本题解释:B。
解析：生产要素，又称生产因素，指进行社会生产经营活动时所需要的各种社会资源，是维系国民经济运行及市场主体生产经营过程中所必须具备的基本因素。
现代西方经济学认为生产要素包括劳动力、土地、资本、企业家才能四种。
劳动不属于生产要素。
故本题答案选B。
第1题所属考点-题库原题2、单选题相对于其他国家权力而言，行政权具有自由裁量性、广泛性和_____。
A:强制性B:单方性C:优益性D:主动性参考答案:D本题解释:参考答案:D【解析】D[解析]相对于其他国家权力而言，行政权具有裁量性、主动性和广泛性等特点;相对于一般的社会组织、公民个人而言，行政权具有强制性、单方性和优益性等特点。
第2题所属考点-题库原题3、单选题深化事业单位人事制度改革，逐步实现事业单位工作人员由身份管理转向_____管理。
A:职能B:岗位C:聘任D:聘用参考答案:B本题解释:参考答案:B【解析】2000年7月，中共中央组织部、人事部在《关于加快推进事业单位人事制度改革的意见》中指出．在事业单位全面建立和推行聘用制度，把聘用制度作为事业单位一项基本的用人制度。
管理人员实行职员岗位聘用制．专业技术人员实行专业技术岗位聘用制，工勤人员要实行工勤技能岗位聘用制。
通过聘用制度转换事业单位的用人机制．实现事业单位人事管理由身份管理向岗位管理转变。
故本题答案选B。
第3题所属考点-题库原题4、单选题“凡可状皆有也；凡有皆象也；凡象皆气也”。
这是_____。
A:客观唯心主义的观点B:主观唯心主义的观点C:形而上学的观点D:唯物主义的观点参考答案:D本题解释:【答案】D。
解析:题干是中国古代唯物主义哲学家张载关于唯物主义的典型观点。
古代朴素唯物主义把世界的本原常理解为具体的物质形态，如中国古代的五行说，即“金、木、水、火、土”等观点。