英译汉练习

请用外位结构（外位语+本位语）翻译下列句子。

一、短句翻译
1.It’s a great advantage not to drink among hard-drinking people.
在喝酒成瘾的人中间能够不喝酒，这是很难能可贵的。

2.Plastics are light and do not rust at all. That is why they find such wide
use in industry.
塑料很轻且不生锈，这就是为什么他们在工业能有如此广泛的用途的原因。

3.Water, whether in the Pacific Ocean or in the Atlantic Ocean, consists of
hydrogen and oxygen, which is an undeniable scientific fact.
水，无论在太平洋还是大西洋，它都由氢气和氧气组成，这是不可否认的科学事实。

4.She was pardonably proud of her wonderful sewing.
她掌握着精湛的缝纫技术，这让她感到十分骄傲。

5.It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long
for that which we have not.
欣赏我们所拥有的，渴望我们所没有的，这也许就是人类吧。

6.The university was already spreading afame for its quality.
这所大学已经出名了，这完全是因为它的质量。

7.The main cause of fact that there is a sharp decline in the output of caviar,
an indigenous product in the Soviet Union, is the grave contamination of the V olga by sewage.
苏联本土产品鱼子酱产量急剧下降，这主要是因为伏尔加河被污水严重污染。

二、长句翻译
8.The abuse of basic human rights in their own country in violation of the
agreement reached at Helsinki（赫尔辛基）has earned them the condemnation of people everywhere who love freedom. （主语过长）
在他们自己的国家滥用人权违反了在赫尔辛基达成的协议，这使得他们受到了那些爱自由人们的谴责。

他们违反在赫尔辛基达成的协议，在国内侵犯基本人权，这已然受到各地热爱自由的人们的谴责。

9.China’s vast size and resources, her extraordinary economic progress
over recent years, have made her an increasingly important player in the modern international economy. （主语过长）
中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这些使其在现代化国际经济中占有越来越重要的地位。

10.The threat to use force against us in this way and on this scale represents
a major escalation of the conflict in southern Africa. （主语过长）
以这种方式和规模对我们采取武力威胁，这代表了南非矛盾的升级。

11.That is why we think that even the independent African countries are
already qualified to have international relations. （主语过长）
即使是独立的非洲国家已经具备国际关系的资格，这就是为什么我们认为。

12.In a word, a true revolution is one that is devoted to human progress in
all domains and that makes human progress the supreme and final object. （表语过长）
总之，真正的革命是致力于人类进步的所有领域，这是人类进步的最高
和最终目标
13.You compare her with your English women, who wolf down three to five
meat meals a day, and naturally you find her a sylph. （宾语过长）
你比较她和每天狼吞虎咽吃三到五顿肉餐的英国女性，自然你就会发现她是一个精灵。

14.We are people that have inherited ancient wisdom, that know the worth
of biding one’s time and recognize opportunity for combat. （定语过长）
我们是那些继承了古老智慧的人，他们懂得时间的价值，抓住战斗的契机。

15.The idea of a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light
small bulbs, even to run an electric motor, is almost unbelievable. （定语过长）鱼能产生足够强大的电能来点亮小灯泡，甚至是运行电动机的想法，这几乎是令人难以置信的。

16.I am very fortunate, Sir, that it should have fallen to me to head the team
which managed, perhaps more by luck than by virtue, to achieve this success.
（状语过长）
先生，我很幸运，我带领我的团队去管理，这也许是靠运气而不是美德来实现这一成功。

17.Feeling was inflamed by dispatches from London emphasizing the lack
of aggressive spirit in the British troops. （被动句的施动者过长）
伦敦派遣的军队强调英国军队缺乏进取精神，这令他们感到愤怒。

18.Who would have thought that an uptight紧张的institution like august
Oxford University Press would have done a thing like this?（问题太长）
谁会想到像八月牛津大学出版社一个紧张的机构会做这样的事？
三、用外位成分达到修辞效果
19.But there are still those who have failed to memorize the lessons of the
past.
但仍有人没有记住过去的教训
20.The demand that on-siteinspections should be carried out for the purpose
of such verification could only block the achievement of agreement on the prohibition of underground tests.
为进行这种核查而进行现场检查的要求，这只能阻止达成禁止地下试验的协议。

on-site现场的inspections视察carried out实施verification核实; 证明; 证实block 阻止
21.However, the 25th session is not an ordinary one—on the agenda of this
anniversary session there seemed to be more rather than fewer items.
然而，第二十五届会议并不是一个普通的会议议程，在这个周年大会上，似乎有更多而不是较少的项目。

22.That those who had learned from us now excelled us was a real challenge.
那些向我们学习的人现在超越了我们，这才是真正的挑战。