2019届高考英语一轮复习精讲精练学案系列：语法部分 — 状语从句

状语从句

时间状语从句

(1)表示时间的状语从句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，ever since，as soon as等词引导。

As a young man (＝When he was a young man)，he was fond of hunting.他年轻时，喜欢打猎。When the rain stopped，students rushed out of the classroom.

雨停了，学生们冲出教室。

My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.

我做作业时母亲在做饭。

We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.

我们刚要出发，突然下起雨来。

It will be half a year before I come back.

我半年之后才回来。

(2)名词词组引导时间状语从句：every/each time每一次；the moment/minute那时(一……就……)；the first/second time 第一/二次；the last time最后一次；the day那一天；the week 那一周等。

Every time I see him，he looks miserable.

每次我看见他，他都是一副愁眉苦脸的样子。

He said he’d phone you the moment he got home.

他说他一到家就给你打电话。

(3)as soon as，instantly，directly，immediately等表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常意为“一……就……”，也可引起表示时间的状语从句。

The moment I saw it，I fell in love with it.

我一看见它就爱上了它。

Directly I had done it，I knew I had made a mistake.

我一做完，就知道犯了个错误。

He rushed upstairs immediately he heard a loud noise.

他一听到大的响动就冲上了楼梯。

(4)no sooner...than 和hardly...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把no sooner，hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。

No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.

他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。

Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.

比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。

条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if，unless (＝if...not除非)，so/as long as (只要)，in case (万一)，on condition that (条件是)，suppose/supposing (假设，如果)，provided that (如果)等。Don’t come in unless I let you.别进来，除非我允许。

As long as you don’t lose heart，you will succeed.

只要你不灰心，你会成功的。

Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help？倘若他们拒绝我们，我们还能向谁求助呢？

原因状语从句

原因状语从句常用because，since，as，for引导，还可用seeing that(既然)，now that(既然)，considering that/who/how...(考虑到……)，in that(因为)，not that...but that (不是因为……而是因为)等引导。

Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better，they get along just fine.

由于彼此之间有了进一步了解，他们相处的不错。

John did quite well in his exams considering how little he studied.考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已很不错了。

The situation is rather complicated in that we have two managing directors.由于我们有两位总经理，所以情况很复杂。

让步状语从句

让步状语从句由though(although)，even if(even though)，no matter how/where/what...，whatever，however，whoever等引导。

Although the car is old，it still runs well.

汽车虽然很旧，但跑起来仍然不错。

No matter how hard he tried，he couldn’t get her to change her mind.不管他怎样努力劝说，也没能使她改变主意。

目的状语从句

目的状语从句常由that，so that，in order that，lest(以免，以防)，for fear that等引导，放在主句之后。目的状语从句常用情态动词may(might)，can(could)等。lest，for fear that后面常用“(should)＋动词原形”的虚拟语气。

We pray that he may recover soon.

我们祈求他早日康复。

结果状语从句

结果状语从句由so that，so...that，such that，such...that等词引导。

Many contestants later failed drug tests，so that the race had to be rerun.许多参赛者后来都没有通过药检，赛跑只得重新进行。

The nature of the job was such that he felt obliged to tell no one about it.这种工作的性质就是如此，他觉得只好秘而不宣了。

方式状语从句

方式状语从句由as，just as，as if，as though等词引导。

We’d better leave things as they are until the police arri ve.

在警察到来之前，我们最好保持现场原样。

You look as if you’ve had a good time.

你看起来好像玩得挺开心。

比较状语从句

比较状语从句由as...as，than，not so...as，the more...the more等词引导。

My brother is not as old as me.我弟弟年纪没我大。

It’s a beautiful dress but it’s much more than I can afford.

这件连衣裙很漂亮，不过太贵了。

地点状语从句

地点状语从句由where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等词引导。

Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.

有疑点或问题的地方你做个标记。(地点状语从句)

Make a mark at the place where you have any doubts or questions.在有疑点或问题的地方做个标记。(定语从句)

We should go where the Party needs us most.

我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。