计算机英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料
Central Processing Unit 中央处理器Memory 内存Random-Access Memory 随机存储器Read-Only Memory 只读存储器Monitor 监视器keyboard 键盘Mouse 鼠标Hard disk 硬盘Operating system 操作系统Memory management 内存管理Device management 设备管理Storage management 存储管理Application Interface 应用程序接口Processor management 处理器User Interface 用户界面Data structure 数据结构Tree 树Nodes 节点Root nodes 根节点Leaf nodes 叶节点Identifiers 标识符Name Space 名空间Global Variables 全局变量Database 数据库Relational Database 关系数据库Stuctured Query Language 结构化查询语言Database Management system 数据库管理系统Distributed Database 分布式数据库Software Engineering 软件工程Requirement Analysis 需求分析Software Design 软件设计C was developed in the early 1970s, and it has grown into a very popular language now. C might be described as a "medium level language",Like a true high level language,there is a one-to-many relationship between a C statement and the machine language instruction it is compiled into. Thus a language like C gives you far more programing leverage than a low level assembly language.However, compared to most high level languange ,C has a very small set of constructs. In addition unlike most high level language ,C let you easily do chorse (such as bit and pointer manipulation) additionally performed by assembly languages, Therefore ,C is an especially good tool to use for developing operating system( such as the UNIX operating system),or other system software.翻译：C语言的开发始于20世纪70年代初期，现在已经成为非常流行的语言，C语言也许最适合被描述成为“中级语言”，。
计算机英语复习资料
计算机英语复习资料注：期末考试是从这两份试卷资料中出，答案分别附后，注意区分！考试好运一.Vocabulary & Structure (20marks)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are three choices marked A), B), C). Choose the One that best completes the sentence.1.Our company is _______ a new product in spring.A launchingB bringingC giving2.It _______ several years to develop one of our products.A lastsB needsC takes3. We will have to _______ sales of this new product for several months.A monitorB lookC see4.The ________ on our Shanghai offices has risen sharply over the last two years.A rentB hireC tax5.We”ll need to get an import ________ before we’re allowed to sell there.A acceptanceB visaC licence6.The bank is closing a lot of it’s high street _______ and going onto the Internet.A shopsB branchesC offices7.It’s too big. It won’t _______ into the container.A packageB installC fit8. Make sure you get the c ustomer’s address and _______.A zipcodeB postageC direction9. Their interest _______ on loans are very low at the moment.A ratesB termsC policies10. She seemed very ________ in the interview-----very sure of herself.A anxiousB carelessC confident11. I like the _______ but the content of the brochure worries me.A sampleB designC comfort12. Make sure we get three _______ to compare prices before we buy one.A quotationsB ordersC purchases13. I’m sorry but they’re out of _______. We should have some nest week.A dateB stockC order14. If you want to order some paper, you’ll have to _______ an order form.A fill up Bfill in C try out15. There were about 150 _______ at this year’s conference.A delegatesB invitationsC hosts16. We haven’t been doing very well in ______ months.A currentB lastC recent17. I have to report to the Head of the ______ Department.A PersonalB EmployeeC Personnel18. Our annual _______ depends on the company’s performance t hat year.A wageB salaryC bonus19. We’ve increased our market share faster than our ______, which is good news.A retailer’sB partnersC rivals20. We’re very _______ for your assistance in this matter.A satisfiedB delightedC grateful二.Multiple-choice (10 Marks)Directions: Look at questions31-40. In each question, which phrase or sentence is correct?For each question, mark the correct letter A, B or C.21. Sally phoned. She said your e-mail was deleted by accident. Could you send it again?The e-mail messageA did not arriveB was sent to the wrong addressC was destroyed22. Ms Han called. Our order’s been delayed due to problems with supplier.The order hasA arrived lateB not arrived yetC been cancelled23. UPS called to say they’ll collect the parcel at 3 o’clock this afternoon.The delivery serviceA will pick the parcel up todayB intends to deliver the parcel at 3 pmC came for the parcel at 3 pm24. Sales were good but distribution problems led to a slightdrop in profits.The company had problems withA producing enough goodsB delivering enough goodsC selling enough goods25. Congratulations to Vanessa Clark on her promotion to Brand Manager.Vanessa Clark works inA productionB marketingC finance26. While we are developing the product, we will write regular reports to ensure that you are informedof its progress.A We’re going to write reports before we develop the product.B We’re going to write reports at the same time as we develop the product.C We’re going to write reports after we develop the product.27. We are carrying out market research in the north and the Midlands from 22Nd-26th.A We have done the research in the north and the Midlands.B We haven’t done the research in the north and the Midlands.C We have decided not to do research in the north and the Midlands28.Punctuality improves on the bus services.A The quality of service is improving on buses.B More buses are now running on time.C Buses are becoming cheaper to use.29. Payment to be made by cash on delivery.The invoice has to be paidA after the shipment arrivesB before the shipment arrivesC when the shipment arrives30. Guaranteed delivery within 48 hoursThe parcel will arriveA in less than two days from nowB in exactly two days’ timeC in at least two days’ time三.Reading Comprehension (40marks)Directions：There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are three choices marked A, B, C.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Changes occurring in manners and customs must be carefully monitored, especially in cases that seem to indicate a narrowing of cultural differences among peoples. Phenomena such as Mc Dona ld’s and Coke Cola have met with success around the world, but this does not mean that the world is becoming westernized. Modernization and westernization are not at all the same, as can be seen in Saudi Arabia, for example.Understanding manners and customs is especially important in negotiations, because interpretations based on one’s own frame reference may lead to a totally incorrect conclusion. Universal respect is needed in cross-cultural negotiation. To negotiate effectively abroad, all types of communication shouldbe read correctly. Americans often interpret inaction and silence as negative signs. As a result, Japanese executives tend to expect that their silence can get Americans to lower prices or sweeten a deal. Even a simple agreement may take days to negotiate in the Middle East because the Arab party may want to talk about unrelated issues or do something else for a while. The aggressive style of Russian negotiators and their usual last-minute change requests may cause astonishment and concern on the part of ill-prepared negotiators.31. It is important to focus on the manners and customs in international business because they _______A. are a traditional virtueB. can narrow cultural differencesC. are required by the law32. According to the passage, ____ is necessary in cross-cultural negotiation.A. great patienceB. negotiating costC. universal respect33. American negotiators tend to take the action of as a negative sign.A. whispering for a short whileB. smiling modestlyC. sitting wordlessly34. According to the passage, Russian negotiators tend to beA. aggressiveB. easygoingC. modestPassage 2European unemployment rates are double the U.S. level,placing pressure on European politicians to come up with innovative ways to create jobs. Increasingly European governments are turning to multinational corporations with incentives linked to the number of jobs the company will create by investing in the country. The more jobs a multinational manufacturer promises, the more subsidies(补贴) the government will provide.Britain, the leader in this race with 10 percent of all foreign investment in the European Union, paid $48,600 for each of the 6,00 jobs created in 1996 when LG, a south Korean firm invested in anelectronics complex. Acc ordin g to Britain’s Trade and Industry Ministry, more than 285,000 jobs were created or preserved through foreign investment from 1994 to 1997.When countries such as China and Mexico offer low-cost locations for production, industrialized nations feel compelled to counter with other incentives.Governments use subsidies to induce investment not only from auto firms but, at even greater cost, from high-tech computer and electronics companies. With countries engaged in a bidding war for multinational investment, smaller nations face the prospect of being outspent by bigger competitors. Despite of the high cost of the handouts, no country wants to miss the opportunity to gain job growth and modernized industry, especially when plagued by high unemployment.35. European governments hope to lower unemployment rates by_______.A. placing pressures on Europeans companiesB. getting loans from banksC. creating more jobs36. The more jobs the multinational manufacturers promise, the more______ European governments will provide.A. moneyB. jobsC. profit37. Britain is the leader in _______.A. investing moneyB. spending time to look for partnersC. attracting foreign investment38. Government subsidies have attracted investment ________.A. from car companiesB. more low-tech industriesC. from trade companies39. Every country hopes to gain job growth and modernized industry, especially when plagued by high unemployment. “Plague” here means ________.A. a kind of diseaseB. causing continual troubleC. spreading happinessPassage 3At high-level economic talks that wrap up Wednesday, China is urging U.S. officials to be patient as the two powers work to manage a delicate trade relationship. The United States, by contrast, is pushing for quick action. The talks began Tuesday and yield some results, including increased U.S. airline flights to China and a lowering of barriers to sales of American energy technology products in China.Senior U.S. officials have tamped down expectations of major breakthroughs, however, as they described the meetings as strategic discussions, not negotiating sessions. U.S. CommerceSecretary Carlos Gutierrez said the twice-a-year talks are "all about the long-term; developing a common understanding of the future."Still, the U.S. side made a point of noting simmering frustration. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said Americans are by nature impatient people; Gutierrez described the "need to make progress in all areas as soon as possible."The urgency is reflected in an increasingly restive U.S. Congress(国会), where lawmakers are considering a spate of bills that would impose economic sanctions(制裁) on China. Many blame America's soaring trade deficits (逆差)and the loss of one in six manufacturing jobs since 2000 in part on claims of Chinese currency manipulation and copyright piracy.In blunt words, Chinese Vice Premier Wu Yi cautioned the United States against making accusations. "We should not easily blame the other side for our own domestic problems," Wu said through an interpreter. "Confrontation(对质) does no good at all to problem-solving."Wu, known as a tough negotiator, said that both countries should "firmly oppose trade protectionism." She warned that any effort to "politicize" the economic relationship between the two nations would be "absolutely unacceptable."40. The United States are in the Sino-us high-level economic talks.A. full of patienceB. eager to get quick actionsC. showing no interest41. The Wednesday talk yield some results except .A. cooperation in oil field exploringB. increased U.S. airline flights to ChinaC. a lowering of barriers to energy technology products42. The fact that reflects the urgency of the economic talk.A. U.S. Congress is considering economic sanctions on ChinaB. Wu Yi, the vice premier, is visiting U.S.A.C. many senior officials is discussing in the talk43. China is blamed for the following events in America except .A. America's soaring trade deficitsB. loss of one in six manufacturing jobsC. appreciation of dollars44. The underlined “In blunt words” meansA. demand happilyB. declare firmlyC. claim sadlyPassage 4Marks & Spencer said annual profits rose 28.5 percent to their highest level in nearly a decade thanks to higher sales in fashion and food, as it unveiled plans to create 10,000 jobs over three years.Britain's largest clothes retailer said on Tuesday that adjusted profits before tax met analyst forecasts, rising to ￡965.2 million ($1.9 billion), a touch under the record 1 billion pounds M&S achieved in 1998.However, concerns about the outlook for retailers and how M&S will continue to expand its sales drove its shares 2.3 percent lower in early trade, having more than doubled in value since Chief Executive Stuart Rose took over three years ago.Rose said in a statement the retail environment would become "more challenging" with rising inflation, while adding M&S had a "satisfactory start" to the financial year beginning inApril."It's a good set of numbers, but we believe that M&S will have to run hard to show strong growth in future years," Panmure Gordon & Co analyst Philip Dorgan said in a note.Rose, who has led one of the most celebrated turnarounds in British retail, said total sales from its 520 stores rose 10 percent to ￡8.6 billion, its highest-ever level."The next five years should see a significant contribution from new space, the scaling up of our Direct business and the strengthening of our international presence," Rose said in a statement.M&S's total clothing market share rose 70 basis points to 11.1 percent with strong growth in lingerie while children wear made its first market share improvement in six years.It market share in food -- where Rose sees room to ramp up future growth -- rose 20 basis points to 4.3 percent thanks to strong sales of "celebration and indulgence" foods.Investors are now focusing attention on how Rose plans to convert M&S's recovery to growth in the face of competitive from supermarket groups like Tesco and younger retailers Primark and New Look.M&S was on track to expand its space by 15-20 percent in the next five years with new out-of-town super-centers and 100 more Simply Food stores planned for this year, Rose said. That growth would create some 10,000 jobs in the next three years.45.Marks & Spencer enjoyed a great sales increase recently in/doc/f416558486.html,puter hardwareB.garments and foodC.agriculture products46. According to the text, the retail environment would become more challenging becauseA.the inflation is risingB.the cost is decreasingC.there is no inflation47. The ever highest-level of total sales reachesA. ￡965.2 millionB. ￡1 billionC. ￡8.6 billion48. Marks & Spencer enjoyed a rising in clothing market share due to the following facts exceptA. the great demand for silk T-shirtsB. the strong growth in lingerieC. the first market share rising of children wear49. Marks & Spencer total fashion market share rose toA.28.5 percentB. 4.3 percentC.11.1 percent50. is not considered to be one of the competitors of Marks & Spencer.A.TescoB.PrimarkC.Baker五、Gap-filling (10 Marks)Directions：Use the following words and phrases to complete the dialogue below.reservation breakfast parking balcony billcheck out fortnight mini-bar plug in non-smokingHotel Hello. The Park Plaza.Caller Hello, I’d lik e to make a _____51______, please.Hotel Certainly, sir. For how many nights?Caller A ______52________, please. Starting from Saturday 12 May.Hotel So, that’s 14 nights from 12 May. Would you like a __________53______ room?Caller Yes, please. And a room with a ____54___________, if possible. The views over the river should be great at this time of year.Hotel They are. Would you like _______55________ included?Caller No, it’s OK. I’ll get something in a caf. Oh, do you have ________56_____ facilities at the hotel?Hotel We do, sir. Behind the hotel. I can reserve you a space you if like.Caller That’d be great. Thanks.Hotel Anything else?Caller Yes, do your rooms have telephone sockets? I need to _____57_______ my computer so I can send reports to the office while I’m there.Hotel That’s no problem. All our rooms have communication sockets, satellite television, a _______58______ and air—conditioning.Caller Oh good. One last thing. Could you send the ____59_______ directly to my company, rather than me paying it myself first?Hotel Sure. Just leave a business card with reception when ___60_______. Could I have the name you want on the invoice, please?Caller My name’s Patrick Stone but the company’s called FX Communications?Hotel So that’s 14 nights fr om 2 May under the name FXCommunications?Caller That’s right.Hotel OK, Mr. Stone. We’ll see you on the 12th. Thank you for calling. Goodbye.Caller Thanks. Bye.六、Writing (20 marks)You are the training manager of a company which has won a large export order. You have been asked to organize foreign language training for some of your staff.Write an e-mail of 70-80 words to staff:explaining why the courses are necessarysaying which members of staff should attendannouncing when the courses will startWrite on your Answer Sheet.答案一.Vocabulary & Structure (20marks)1-5 ACAAC 6-10 BCAAC 11-15 BABBA 16-20 CCCCC四.Multiple-choice (10 Marks)21-25 CBABB 26-30 BBBCA三．Reading Comprehension (40％)31-35. B C C A C 36-40. A CABB41-45. AACBB 46-50. ACACCC四．Gap-filling (10 Marks)51-55 reservation fortnight non-smoking balcony breakfast 56-60 parking plug in mini-bar bill check out一．Reading Comprehension (40％)Directions：There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are three choices marked A, B, C.You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Changes occurring in manners and customs must be carefully monitored, especially in cases that seem to indicate a narrowing of cultural differences among peoples. Phenomena such as Mc Donald’s and Coke Cola have met with success around the world, but this does not mean that the world is becoming westernized. Modernization and westernization are not at all the same, as can be seen in Saudi Arabia, for example.Understanding manners and customs is especially important in negotiations, because interpretations based on one’s own frame reference may lead to a totally incorrect conclusion. Universal respect is needed in cross-cultural negotiation. To negotiate effectively abroad, all types of communication should be read correctly. Americans often interpret inaction and silence as negative signs. As a result, Japanese executives tend to expect that their silence can get Americans to lower prices or sweeten a deal. Even a simple agreement may take days to negotiate in the Middle East because the Arab party may want to talk about unrelated issues or do something else for a while. The aggressive style of Russian negotiators and their usual last-minute change requests may cause astonishment and concern on the part of ill-prepared negotiators.1. It is important to focus on the manners and customs in international business because they _______A. are a traditional virtueB. can narrow cultural differencesC. are required by the law2. According to the passage, ____ is necessary in cross-cultural negotiation.A. great patienceB. negotiating costC. universal respect3. American negotiators tend to take the action of as a negative sign.A. whispering for a short whileB. smiling modestlyC. sitting wordlessly4. According to the passage, Russian negotiators tend to beA. aggressiveB. easygoingC. modestPassage 2European unemployment rates are double the U.S. level, placing pressure on European politicians to come up with innovative ways to create jobs. Increasingly European governments are turning to multinational corporations with incentives linked to the number of jobs the company will create by investing in the country. The more jobs a multinational manufacturer promises, the more subsidies(补贴) the government will provide.Britain, the leader in this race with 10 percent of all foreign investment in the European Union, paid $48,600 for each of the 6,00 jobs created in 1996 when LG, a south Korean firm invested in an electronics complex. Acc ording to Britain’s Trade and Industry Ministry, more than 285,000 jobs were created or preserved through foreign investment from 1994 to 1997.When countries such as China and Mexico offer low-cost locations for production, industrialized nations feel compelled tocounter with other incentives.Governments use subsidies to induce investment not only from auto firms but, at even greater cost, from high-tech computer and electronics companies. With countries engaged in a bidding war for multinational investment, smaller nations face the prospect of being outspent by bigger competitors. Despite of the high cost of the handouts, no country wants to miss the opportunity to gain job growth and modernized industry, especially when plagued by high unemployment.5. European governments hope to lower unemployment rates by_______.A. placing pressures on Europeans companiesB. getting loans from banksC. creating more jobs6. The more jobs the multinational manufacturers promise, the more______ European governments will provide.A. moneyB. jobsC. profit7. Britain is the leader in _______.A. investing moneyB. spending time to look for partnersC. attracting foreign investment8. Government subsidies have attracted investment ________.A. from car companiesB. more low-tech industriesC. from trade companies9. Every country hopes to gain job growth and modernized industry, especially when plagued by high unemployment. “Plague” here means ________.A. a kind of diseaseB. causing continual troubleC. spreading happinessPassage 3At high-level economic talks that wrap up Wednesday, China is urging U.S. officials to be patient as the two powers work to manage a delicate trade relationship. The United States, by contrast, is pushing for quick action. The talks began Tuesday and yield some results, including increased U.S. airline flights to China and a lowering of barriers to sales of American energy technology products in China.Senior U.S. officials have tamped down expectations of major breakthroughs, however, as they described the meetings as strategic discussions, not negotiating sessions. U.S. Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez said the twice-a-year talks are "all about the long-term; developing a common understanding of the future."Still, the U.S. side made a point of noting simmering frustration. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said Americans are by nature impatient people; Gutierrez described the "need to make progress in all areas as soon as possible."The urgency is reflected in an increasingly restive U.S. Congress(国会), where lawmakers are considering a spate of bills that would impose economic sanctions(制裁) on China. Many blame America's soaring trade deficits (逆差)and the loss of one in six manufacturing jobs since 2000 in part on claims of Chinese currency manipulation and copyright piracy.In blunt words, Chinese Vice Premier Wu Yi cautioned the United States against making accusations. "We should not easily blame the other side for our own domestic problems," Wu saidthrough an interpreter. "Confrontation(对质) does no good at all to problem-solving."Wu, known as a tough negotiator, said that both countries should "firmly oppose trade protectionism." She warned that any effort to "politicize" the economic relationship between the two nations would be "absolutely unacceptable."10. The United States are in the Sino-us high-level economic talks.A. full of patienceB. eager to get quick actionsC. showing no interest11. The Wednesday talk yield some results except .A. cooperation in oil field exploringB. increased U.S. airline flights to ChinaC. a lowering of barriers to energy technology products12. The fact that reflects the urgency of the economic talk.A. U.S. Congress is considering economic sanctions on ChinaB. Wu Yi, the vice premier, is visiting U.S.A.C. many senior officials is discussing in the talk13. China is blamed for the following events in America except .A. America's soaring trade deficitsB. loss of one in six manufacturing jobsC. appreciation of dollars14. The underlined “In blunt words” meansA. demand happilyB. declare firmlyC. claim sadlyPassage 4Marks & Spencer said annual profits rose 28.5 percent totheir highest level in nearly a decade thanks to higher sales in fashion and food, as it unveiled plans to create 10,000 jobs over three years.Britain's largest clothes retailer said on Tuesday that adjusted profits before tax met analyst forecasts, rising to ￡965.2 million ($1.9 billion), a touch under the record 1 billion pounds M&S achieved in 1998.However, concerns about the outlook for retailers and how M&S will continue to expand its sales drove its shares 2.3 percent lower in early trade, having more than doubled in value since Chief Executive Stuart Rose took over three years ago.Rose said in a statement the retail environment would become "more challenging" with rising inflation, while adding M&S had a "satisfactory start" to the financial year beginning in April."It's a good set of numbers, but we believe that M&S will have to run hard to show strong growth in future years," Panmure Gordon & Co analyst Philip Dorgan said in a note.Rose, who has led one of the most celebrated turnarounds in British retail, said total sales from its 520 stores rose 10 percent to ￡8.6 billion, its highest-ever level."The next five years should see a significant contribution from new space, the scaling up of our Direct business and the strengthening of our international presence," Rose said in a statement.M&S's total clothing market share rose 70 basis points to 11.1 percent with strong growth in lingerie while children wear made its first market share improvement in six years.It market share in food -- where Rose sees room to ramp up future growth -- rose 20 basis points to 4.3 percent thanks tostrong sales of "celebration and indulgence" foods.Investors are now focusing attention on how Rose plans to convert M&S's recovery to growth in the face of competitive from supermarket groups like Tesco and younger retailers Primark and New Look.M&S was on track to expand its space by 15-20 percent in the next five years with new out-of-town super-centers and 100 more Simply Food stores planned for this year, Rose said. That growth would create some 10,000 jobs in the next three years.15.Marks & Spencer enjoyed a great sales increase recently in/doc/f416558486.html,puter hardwareE.garments and foodF.agriculture products16. According to the text, the retail environment would become more challenging becauseD.the inflation is risingE.the cost is decreasingF.there is no inflation17. The ever highest-level of total sales reachesA. ￡965.2 millionB. ￡1 billionC. ￡8.6 billion18. Marks & Spencer enjoyed a rising in clothing market share due to the following facts exceptA. the great demand for silk T-shirtsB. the strong growth in lingerieC. the first market share rising of children wear19. Marks & Spencer total fashion market share rose toD.28.5 percent。
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料计算机专业英语复习资料1、that the processor is the “intelligence” of a computer system;(p1) 处理器是计算机智能系统2、In 1965,when he first set out what we now call Moore’s Law,Gordon Moore said the number of components that could be packed onto an integrated circuit would double every year or so(later amended to18 months). (P17)在1965年，⼽登穆尔说，可以将很多的零部件装载在⼀个集成电路元件中，这样的话就可以每年都翻倍，这也就是他第⼀次提出摩尔定律（后来修订为18个⽉）3-43、This multicore processor plugs directly into a single socket on the motherboard. (P18)这种多内核处理器直接插⼊主板上的⼀个单⼀的插座。
4、Multicore processors are especially well suited to tasks that have operations that can be divided up into separate thread and run in parallel. (P18)多核处理器特别适合那些可以分成单线程和并⾏运⾏的任务操作。
5、640*480 means that the screen consists of 640 columns by 480 rows of pixels. (P36)640×480表⽰屏幕由640列480⾏的像素组成。
6-76、However, they also are bulky, fragile, and consume a great deal of power. (p37)然⽽，他们也都是笨重的，脆弱的，并且消耗⼤量的电⼒。
计算机英语复习重点
Hardware硬件、software软件、general-purpose machine通用计算机、special-purpose machine专用计算机、instruction指令、input\output输入输出、central processing unit(CPU)中央处理器、bus总线、personal computer个人计算机、operating system操作系统、Digital Video Disk(DVD)数字视盘、Compact Disk Read-Only Memory(CD-ROM)光盘只读存储器、audio声频、peripheral外围设备、operation操作码指令、operand操作数、register寄存器、control unit控制部件、arithmetic and logic unit(ALU)算术逻辑单元、word size字长、cache高速缓冲存储器、chip芯片、Random Access Memory（RAM)随机存储器、Read Only Memory （ROM)只读存储器、floppy disk软磁盘、volatile易失性、job management作业管理、job queue作业队列、batch system批处理系统、time-shared operating分时操作系统、multiprogramming多道程序设计、Dynamic Link Library（DLL)动态链接库、Encrypting File System(EFS)加密文件系统、stack堆栈、desktop桌面、definition分辨率、menu slide菜单滑块、taskbar任务栏、virus病毒、animation 动画、folder文件夹、favorite收藏夹、terminal终端、kernel内核、system call 系统调用、interpreter解释程序、shell命令解释程序、application suite应用程序集、word processor字处理程序、configuration配置、peripheral device外围设备、USB(Universal Serial Bus）通用串行总线、toolbar工具条、control panel控制面板、standby mode待机模式、GUI(Graphical User Interface）图形用户界面、icon 图标、dialog box对话框、removable hard disk可移动硬盘、zip disk大容量磁盘、network architecture网络体系结构、Open System Interconnection/Reference Model （OSI/RM)开放系统互连参考模型、client-server客户服务器、peer-to-peer对等、switch交换机、star topology星型拓扑、Ethernet以太网、UTP(Unshielded Twisted Pair）非屏蔽双绞线、coaxial cable同轴电缆、NIC(Network Interface Card）网络接口卡、WLAN(Wireless Local Area Network）无限局域网、route路由、ARPAnet 阿帕网、WWW（world wide web）万维网、browser浏览器、search engine搜索引擎、search criteria搜索条件、electronic mail电子邮件、SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）简单邮件传送协议、POP(Post Office Protocol）邮局协议、FTP(File Transfer Protocol）文件传送协议、Telnet(Telecommunication network)远程通信网、TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol）传输控制协议/互联网协议、HTTP（hypertext transfer protocol）超文本传送协议、URL（uniform resource locator）统一资源定位地址、video chip视频剪辑、tree topology树形拓扑、ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line）非对称数字用户线、hyperlink超级链接、package程序包、shareware共享软件、HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language）超文本标记语音、transaction实物、assembler汇编程序、selection structure选择结构、loop structure循环结构、form表单、Intranet因特内部网、OOP（Object-Oriented Programming)面向对象程序设计、release软件发布、life cycle生命周期、requirement analysis需求分析、feasibility可行性、flowchart流程图、algorithm算法、data structure数据结构、debugging调试、database record 数据库记录、database management system（DBMS)数据库管理系统、relational database关系数据库、field字段、script脚本、dynamic/static web page动态/静态web网页、API(Application Program Interface）应用程序接口、spreadsheet电子表格、presentation演示、Portable Document Format（PDF)可移植的文档格式、temple 模版、computer graphics（CG)计算机图形学、render渲染、three-dimensional computer graphics三维计算机图形、image图像、image processing图像处理、brightness亮度、contrast对比度、pixel像素、extension扩展名、CAD(computer-aided design）计算机辅助设计。
计算机专业英语复习资料
阅读理解一、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary. （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。
）1．A programming language, designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers, is a _____ notation _____ for describing computation in readable form. There are 3 levels of programming languages, they are____ machine language__ , which can be run directly by computer; __assembly language___ and _high-level language___. There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be __written ___ . Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job.2．The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. It is the most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided. The CPU comprisesthe control unit and the arithmetic / logic unit (ALU) . The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of the computer systems activities. The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical (comparison) functions — that is, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and does comparisons.3．Microsoft Word XP is the current Window version of Word, and documents created in Word XP can be easily _ incorporated into Excel, Power Point and Access files. In the interface of Word, the _ title bar __ displays the name of the current application and name of the current document; the __ menu bar lists the names of the menus available; the ___ toolbar gives the user quick access to frequently used editing functions; the __ ruler enables the user to change left and right margin. 4．Software Engineering, which means the application of engineering to software, is a method to develop, operate and __ maintain _ software. That is, the development of software is on a systematic, __ disciplined ____, quantitive basis. Before starting the development of software, you have to systematically approach the problem. You have to understand the __ requirements (what the software is supposed to do), carry out the design, do the __coding ___, carry out a rigorous testing and if the software is as per the requirements, release the software to the customer. Subsequently, if the customer wants二．根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误（1）．The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, while its speed and capacity have increased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in microcomputers that are small enough to fit on your desk or your lap.The CPU comprises the control unit and the arithmetic / logic unit (ALU).The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of the computer systems activities. It determines the movement of electronic signals between main memory and the arithmetic/logic unit, as well as the control signals between the CPU and input/output devices.The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical (comparison) functions — that is, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and does comparisons. These comparisons, which are basically ―less than‖, ―greater than‖, and ―equal to‖, can be combined into several common expressions, such as ―greater than or equal to‖. The objective of most instructions that use comparisons is to determine which instruction should be executed next.Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A.（根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误）1.With the development of computer, the physical size of the CPU has often become bigger and bigger.( F)2.The movement of electronic signals between main memory and the ALU as well as the control signal between the CPU andinput /output devices are controlled by the control unit of the CPU.( T)3.The CPU comprises the control unit and memory. ( F )4.The control unit performs all the arithmetic and logical (comparison) functions。
计算机英语复习资料
计算机英语（1）Desktop PatternIn the graphical user interface of Microsoft Windows 98,a graphical pattern-called wallpaper-displayed on the desktop (the background "beneath" windows, icons, and dialog boxes). The pattern or picture in the screen background that can be chosen by the user. To change the desktop pattern, choose Display from the Control Panel.桌面图案在Microsoft Windows 98的图形用户界面中,一种显示在桌面上称为壁纸(Wallpaper )的图形图案(窗口、图标和对话框后面的背景),屏幕背景可由用户选择图案样式或画面。
要改变桌面图案时,从控制面板上选择显示方式。
计算机英语（2）Federated DatabaseIn scientific networking ,a collaborative database (part of a collaborator) in which scientists pool their knowledge and discoveries .Federated databases are one proposed solution to the Grand Challenges——problems that are so complex that they far outstrip the capabilities of individual scientists ,or even individual research institutions ,to tackle them independently.联合式数据库在科学联网中,科学家们汇集其知识和发现的一种合作数据库(合作的一部分)。
计算机英语复习资料
I. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text(单选或多选)1. Charles Babbage; Augusta Ada Byron2. input; output3. VLSI4. workstations; mainframes5. vacuum; transistors6. instructions; software7. digit; eight; byte8. microminiaturization; chip1. input; output; storage2. Basic Input/Output System3. flatbed scanners; hand-held scanners4. LCD-based5. dot-matrix printers; inkjet printers6. disk drives; memory7. volatile8. serial; parallel1. artificial; instructions2. low-level; high-level3. machine4. machine5. functional; logic6. statement7. module8. digital1. application; operating2. assemblers3. compiler4. interpreter5. debugger6. loop7. device driver8. John von Neumann1. off-the-shelf2. exclusive3. cascade4. requirements; integration5. throwaway6. immediate; stable7. reuse-oriented; framework8. software; compromises1. flat2. data3. application; administrators4. conceptual5. tables6. fragmented; replicated7. structured8. entity-relationship; attributesII. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:(英译中或中译英)1. artificial intelligence 人工智能2. neural network 神经网络3. parallel processing 并行处理4. 操作指令operating instructions5. function key 功能键，操作键6. voice recognition module 语音识别模块7. video game 电子游戏8. 操作系统operating system9. 易失性存储器volatile memory10. 磁盘驱动器disk drive11. storage register 存储寄存器12. function statement 函数语句13. assembly language 汇编语言14. data declaration 数据声明15. 可执行程序executable program16. 程序模块program module17. 条件语句conditional statement18. 赋值语句assignment statement19. 机器语言machine language20. pattern matching 模式匹配21. source file 源文件22. 解释执行的语言interpreted language23. 设备驱动程序device driver24. 目标代码object code25. 应用程序application program26. unit testing 单位（或单元、部件）测试27. software life cycle 软件生命周期（或生存周期）28. system evolution 系统演变29. 需求分析与定义requirements analysis and definition30. 瀑布模型waterfall model31. 系统集成system integration32. 软件复用software reuse33. end user 最终用户，终端用户34. atomic operation 原子操作35. database administrator 数据库管理员36. object-oriented database 面向对象数据库37. 数据属性data attribute38. 全局控制总线global control bus缩略语的含义:1. BIOS 基本输入/输出系统2. CPU 中央处理哭3. CRT 阴极射线管4. IC 集成电路5. LCD 液晶显示(器)6. SQL 结构化查询语言7. USB 通用串行总线8. VLSI 超大规模集成的9. VIRUS 计算机病毒10. HTTP 超文本传输协议11. WWW 万维网12. PC 个人电脑13. DDR SDRAM 双倍速率同步动态随机存储器III. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessar(完形填空)(只选十个空)A programming language is a language used to write instructions for the computer. It lets the programmer express data processing in a symbolic manner without regard to machine-specific details.The difficulty of writing programs in the machine language of 0s and 1s led first to the development of assembly language, which allows programmers to use mnemonics (助记符)for instructions and symbols for variables. Such programs are then translated by a programknown as an assembler into the binary encoding used by the computer. Other pieces of systemsoftware known as linking loaders (连接装入程序) combine pieces of assembled code and load them into the machine’s main memory unit, where they are then ready for execution. Theconcept of linking separate pieces of code was important, since it allowed “libraries” of programs to be built up to carry out common tasks—a first step toward the increasingly emphasized notion of software reuse. Assembly language was found to be sufficiently inconvenient that higher-level languages (closer to natural languages) were invented in the1950s for easier, faster programming; along with them came the need for compilers,programsthat translate high-level language programs into machine code. As programming languagesbecame more powerful and abstract, building efficient compilers that create high-quality codein terms of execution speed and storage consumption became an interesting computer scienceproblem in itself.III. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary: (完形填空)(只选十个空)A compiler, in computer science, is a computer program that translates source code into object code. Software engineers write source code using high-level programming languagesthat people can understand. Computers cannot directly execute source code, but need a compiler to translate these instructions into a low-level language called machine code. Compilers collect and reorganize (compile) all the instructions in a given set of source code to produce object code. Object code is often the same as or similar to a computer’s machine code. If the object code is the same as the machine language, the computer can runthe program immediately after the compiler produces its translation. If the object code is notin machine language, other programs—such as assemblers, binders (联编程序), linkers, andloaders (加载程序)—finish the translation.Most computer languages use different versions of compilers for different types of computers or operating systems, so one language may have different compilers for personalcomputers (PC) and Apple Macintosh computers. Many different manufacturers often produceversions of the same。
计算机专业英语复习资料
Computer software system计算机软件系统Operating system操作系统Three dimensional三维Disk operating system磁盘操作系统Network operating system网络操作系统Office software办公软件Reading software阅读软件Typewriting software打字软件Antivirus software杀毒软件Download software下载软件Graphic design software图形设计软件Chatting software聊天软件Arithmetic logic unit算术逻辑单元Central processing unit中央处理器floppy disk软盘mobile hard disk移动硬盘electronic form电子表格word processing system文字处理系统device management设备管理software management软件管理file management文件管理job processing作业处理work book工作簿work sheet工作表web-camera摄像头graphical interface图形界面graphical browser图形浏览器graphical design图形设计windows operating system窗口操作系统management information system管理信息系统panda joss stick熊猫烧香hard disk硬盘mobile disk移动磁盘ROM read only memory只读存储器CPU central processing unit中央处理器USB universal serial通用串行总线PC personal computer个人计算机CD compact disk光盘3D three dimensional三维DOS disk operating system磁盘操作系统OS operating system操作系统WC water closet厕所BC Before Christ公元前ALU arithmetic logic unit运算逻辑单元RAM random access memory随机存储器DVD digital video disk数字视频磁盘VCD video compact disk视频光盘IT information technology信息技术IBM international business machines国际商用机MSN Microsoft network 微软提供的网络在线服务MOS multitask operating system多任务操作系统IS international standard国际标准EC electronic commerce电子商务CAD computer aided design计算机辅助设计An integrated computer has two parts。
计算机专业英语(一)07757(期末复习资料).docx
第一部分1. Which of the following feature of a word processor becomes more useful with the growth of the ainount of text? ( A ) A. wording searching B. grammar checking C. word counting D. spell checking2. Which of the fol low ing feature of a word processor can show un derl in® bold, italic, font and other typ ing styles on the screen? (B)A. WYSTWGYB. WYSIWYGC. WSYTWYGD. WYSWTYG3. Which of the following does NOT belong to hidden characters or commands?(A)A. retrievalB. spaces C ・ returnsD ・ paragraph endings4. Before typing in any data, a user needs to ________ C ______ .A. edit the cel 1 B • save the cel 1 C. seiect the cel 1 D. change the cel 1 5. Each cell of a worksheet can hold _________ A ___ •A. one piece of data B ・ two pieces of data C. three pieces of data D ・ four pieces of data 6. Where is the Entry Bar of a worksheet?(A)A. below the icons of the worksheetB. above the icons of the worksheetA ・ powerful operating systemB ・ high-duty database systemC ・ high-configuration computer D. practical Internet application 14. Which of the fol 1owing is called a searching engine?(B) A. Web server B. Web browser C. Web site D. Web address15. Which of the following is NOT an Internet application?(C) A. IRC B ・ audio chatting C. file compiling D ・ video chatting 16. To start an online chatting, a user needs to know D • A. the software name of an TRC client B. the Web service provider of an TRC client C. the program name of an IRC client D ・ the Web address of an IRC client17・ Once a user starts an IRC dient ， the server on the IRC service provider side wi11 provide the user a A •A. channelB ・ server C. hardware D. program18. What does the WWW stand for? (A)A. World Wide WebB. World Wide WorkC. World Wide WatchD. World Wide Wave 19. Which of the following is the primary function of the WWW? (A)A. accessing resourcesB. sending and receiving E-mailsC. IRC D ・ Video conferencing20. Which of the following is NOT supported by the WWW? (D)A. GopherB. FTPC. UsenetD. File compiling21 ・ To accommodate a bin ary nu mber, which of the follow ing of a computer doesn ，t have more digi ts tha n those for decima.1 numbers do? (D) A register B. bus C ・ portD. keyboard22. Which of the fol lowing unit provides signals to start the operations in the ALU, the memory and the input/outputunit? (D)A. logical unit B ・ arithmetic unit C. input/output unit D. control unit 23. What does IC stand for? (B)A. Intelligont Card B ・ Intelligent Circuit C. Integrated CardD ・ Integrated Circuit计算机专业英语C. at the 1 eft of the i cons of the worksheet 7. All functions in spreadsheets A. a dollar sign B ・ an equal & Which of the following can NOT A. bar chart B. start chart 9. Which of the following message A. text message B ・ graphical 10. Which of the followingA. bol dB. underl ine 11. Which of the followingA. instantanoousnessB.D. at start with _____ B ____ •sign C. question mark be created by spreadsheets?(B) C. three-dimensional chart D. pie chart can be sent by E-mail without an attachment? (A) message C. audio message D ・ video message applied for an E-mail message withoutan attachment? (D) D. nonethe right of the icons of the worksheetD. star 12・ A private network-based E-mail system is not for A.corporate users13. can be C. italics does NOT belong to one of the E-mail advantages? (D) efficiency C ・ group sending feature D ・ none B B. home users C ・ school users D. hospital users An E-mail server can be considered as a C •24. How many the A. 3 25. Which of the configuration? A. the memory most influential components does a computer system configuration include?(B) B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 following does NOT belong to one of the most influential components of a computer system (B) B. the operating system C. the input/output devices D. the storage devices 26. Which of the following memory will lose the data stored in it when the power is gone or a malfunction occurs? (C) A. the ROM B. the v 让tual memory C. the RAM D. the buffer27. The permanently useful data i s stored in which of the fol lowing (A) memory?A. the ROMB. the virtual memory Which of the A. a graph Which of the A. a plotter Which of the A. a plotter29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.38. 39. 40. 41. A. 42. A. 43. C. the RAMfollowing does NOT belong to a computerB. a photoC. a text f i les following does NOT belong to a computerD. the buffer hardcopy output? (D) D. voicehardcopy output device? (B)printerdevice? (A)monitorB. a monitor C ・ an ink-jet printer D ・ a laser following belongs to an impact computer hardcopy output B. an ink-jet printerC. a ]aser printer D ・ of a DVD-ROM over a CD-ROM? (D)D ・ capacityof a CD-R or a CD-RW over a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM? (D) D. writing dataof a U-disk over a hard disk? (C)D ・ writing data commonly used software-relevant terminologies? (A) D. applicat ion softwareWhich of the following is the major advantage A. portability B ・ price C ・ materialWhich of the A. speed Which of the A. speed Which of the A. dataWhich of thefollowing B. price following B ・ pricefollowing is is is B. programfollowing is B. the major advantage C ・ materialthe major advantageC ・ easy to carry NOT one of the most C ・ operating systemthe most fundamental concept of computer software? (B) program C. application software D ・ system software A. operating systemWhat is a computer program? (D) A ・ a set of operations and tasksB. a set of operations and dataC. a set of tasks and dataD. a set of instructions Which of the following does NOT belong to computer system software? (C) A. operating system B ・ C ・ word processing program D ・ Which function of a word processor A. hidden commands B ・ typeface What do users need to do with A. proof check B. proofreadWhich of the fol lowing is NOT A. spell-checking typed textC. compiling typed text Which of the fol lowing is NOT data B. program system utility Ianguage compiler can ensure typing correctness?(C) C. spell checkingD. spacethe spell-checked files to ensure their correctness?(B) C. through check D. double-check one of a word processor's functions?(C) B. grammar checking typed text D ・ counting typed text one of the most commonly used software-re levant termino1ogies? (A)A computer processes ______________ into_ information/dataB ・ data/information Data flow into the computer as D ・ B. a programC ・ a process C. operating systemD ・ application softwareB_. C. facts/data D ・ infonnation/facts A. out put 44. Tnformation flows from a computer as _ A. output B. memory C. a program 45. The ___ B _____ distinguishes a computer from a A ・ processor B ・ stored program C ・ memory 46. Data and program instructions are stored in A. the processor 47. The computer A. main memory 48. The physical A. peripherals 49. Programs areD ・ input A_ D. input calculator. D ・ output D _____ . B ・ an output device C. the stored program D. memory component that actually manipulates the data is_C __________________________ . B. an input device C ・ the processor D. an output devicecomponents of a computer are collectively called D .B. softwareC. boardsD. hardwareknown collectively as _______ B _____ .A • 50. A A. 51. A secondary storageB • softwareC • stored programsD • hardware physical switch is ________________________ B ________ ; its setting is _____ software/hardware B. B holds enough hardware/software C ・ hardware/data bits to store a single C. bit D ・ data/information A. word B. byte 52. A ____________ is a group of A. bit/bytes B. byte/words 53・ The " digit-times-place-value "rule work, withC _____ C. word/bytes character. D. chip D. charactcr/bytes but A. 54. A A. numbers/ location address 55・ When memory is A ・ written The programmer can read A. ROM B. RAM What type of memory can A. The A. The A. The A. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. characters B ・ bits/bytes in memory is accessed by its B. value C _______ . its B. accessed and wri te C. bytes/words A ____ . C. content contents are not C. read D. B _______ . D. bytes not with A . D. characters/numbers D. register changod ・ it's always changed C ・ words only be read? (B) ROM C. RAM ___ C ____ . C ・ instructions registers B ・ processor fetches and executes clock pulses B. data part of an instruction that tells the processor D. words D. information what to do is theD operandB. pulse C .statement D ・ operation code processor" s, comp orient s are syn chr on i 刁ed by D ____ . instructions B. data C. information D ・ clock pulses Which processor component executes instructions? (C) A. instruction register B ・ instruction control unit C. arithmetic and logic unit D. main memory The basic input device on a small computerA ・ display screen B. printer C ・ 63. The basic output device on a smal1 computerA. 64. A A. 65. AA. 62. keyboard D display unit display screen bytesB. display screen generates hard- copy output. B ・ screenC. monitor is divided into a grid of _ is a ___ C keyboard is C ・D. card a ___ B ___ . diskette D. printer C • reader D ・ plotter 66. External devices A. channels 67. The _______ Dcodes. B. bits C ・ pixels D ・ words are linked to a small computer system throughB. control unitsC. plugs translates between the computer's internal codes and a peripheral device"s external B_.D. interfaces A. remote B. display C ・ printing D ・ local 69. The ii nterference that distorts electronic signals transmitted over a distanee is cal l ed C A. static B. interferenee c. noiseD. a spike70. A network can be worldwide.A. Wide a rea B ・ Metropolitan areaC. Local areaD. Campus area71.B networks usually span tensof kilometers.A. Wide a rea B ・ Metropoli tan area C. Local area D. EthernetA. processor B ・ interface C. memory D. register 68. A _________ A ______ terminal communicates with a distant computer over data transmission lines. 72. The Open Systems Interconnection (0S1)reference model is based on a proposal developed by DA. ANSIB. IEEEC. I ABD. ISO 73・ ____ B _________ is concerned with controlling the operation of the subnet. A. The transport layer B. The network layer C. The application 1ayer D. The data link layer 74. _______ A _______ is concerned with transmitting raw bits over a comniunication channel- A ・ The physical layer B. The presentation layer C. The network layer D ・ The data link layer 75・ The main task of________ D _______ is to transform a raw transmission facility into a line that appears free of undetected transmission errors to the network layer. A. The physical layer B. The session layer C. The network layer D. The data 1 ink 1ayer 76. B allows users on different machines to establish sessions between them.79. 80. A. The physical layer B. The session layer C. The network layer D. The data link layer The D 「A. system The source A. hardwareA disk drive A. tasksB. of a B. is B. serves as a hardware/software interface ・Application program computers logic is C. data cC ・ primitive operationsD ・ I/O operationsProgrammers write A. object software limited to a few_ program functions B code. B ・ source C control unit D ・ operating system B 一.D ・ the user C. machine~level D. load module 81: A database system gives us a way of to us in our jobs or our 1 ives ・ It also provides a way toplace. The first commercial computers were really 4(B) sort and report on census information.is to 5(C) a 供选择的答案：1 (B) together specific pieces or lists of 2(B) that are relevant 3(D) and maintain that information in a central more than dedicated database machine used to gather, of the most common reasons for purchasing a computer To this day, one 1: (A) gather (B) gathering (C) get (D) getting 2: (A) data (B) information (C) mail (D) message 3: (A) build (B) copy (C) remember (D) store4: (A) anything (B) nothing (C) something (D) thing 5: (A) find (B) load (C) run (D) install 82. database system. Toolboxes and menus in many application programs were a pointer on the screen. You move the pointer by 7(B) the mouse over a flat surface in the direction you want the pointer to move. If you run out of 8(C) to move the mouse, lift it up and put pointer moves only when the mouse is 9(D) the flat surface. Moving the mouse pointer across the screen 6(B) for working with the mouse. The mouse controls it down again. The does not affect the document, the pointer simply 10(B) a location on the screen. When you press the mouse button, something happens at the location of the pointer ・ 供选择的答案：6: (A) assigned (B) designed (C) desired (D) expressed 7: (A) putting (B) sliding (C) s erving (0) taking 8: (A) board (B) place (C) room (D) table 9: (A) getting (B) going (0) teaching (D) touching (B) indicates constructs (C) instructs (D) processes 10: (A) 83. boot is to The prepares the computer forloads the operating system, and read-only memory (ROM is the hoot. 14(B) or lockup occurs, you usually must boot the computer again, or reboot, by 15(A) Del (a warm boot). 11(B) automatic routine that clears the memory, 12(C) _____ Included in the computer 1s switched on (a cold or 11: (A)clear (B) initiate (C) insert (D) push 12: (A) create (B) handle (C) use (D) route 13: (A) executes(B)exits (C) loads (D) reads 14: (A) communicate (B) crash (C) create (D) handle15: (A) pressing (B) pulling (C) seeing (D)writing or Ctrl + Alt + Perhaps you have been asking the questions: power-on-self-test, which 13(A) when the power is After a systemthe Reset button 84: user Is everyone moving to 16(C) ? If I don" t step to the 17(A) in ter face, wi 11 T be 1 eft al 1 along at the col d 18 (A) command 1 ine? Don't throw away your 19(D) • No one is 20(C) DOS' s death knell yet. DOS and its applications people usi ng for years are not going to stop worki ng over night. 16: (A) DOS (B) UNIX (0Windows (0) Windows NT 17: (A) graphical (B) software(C) command line (D) Windows NT 18: (A) DOS (B) UNIX (OWindows (D) Windows NT 19: (A)hardware (B) text (C) Windows (D) software (B) hardware (C) sounding (D) text20: 85. 1. The smallest unit of the memory is the magnetic cell. T(A) software Mark the following sentences with T ( true) or F (false) according to the dialoguehave 供选择的答案:2. Magnetic cells use the 气rite" and "read" currents with same direction to store and retrieve data. F3. The most influential component of a computer system configuration is the memory ・ FThe system clock is the brain of a computer. 6. Ink-jet printers have pins in their printing heads to form dots to produce printed results. F 7. A plotter is the popular hardcopy output device commonly used in the education sector. F 8. Word processors ease much of tedium associated typing, proofing ・ and manipulating words. T 9. The real strength of a word processor is its ability to store, retrieve , and change data. T 10. The implementation of the WWW is based on a standard dient-server model. T11. Al 1 Von Neumarm type digital computers consist of the input/output unit, the arithmetic unit, networking unit, the control unit and the memory. F12. A seanner belongs to the input/output device. T13・ A binary number needs more computer resource to accommodate than a decimal number. T14. The operations on decimal numbers are much easier and need much 1 ess time than in a binary system. F 15. HTML is so important to the WWW that it is recognized every where on the WWW. F 16. The Web server is the only component of the WWW that is able to read the HTML ・ F17・ E-mail is a method of sending and receiving messages on the Internet. F 18. Generally speaking, most of E-mail systems do allow text formatting. F19・ Users have to attach word-formatted texts to their E-mail messages if they have to send word-formatted texts ・ T 20. Instantoneousness and high efficiency are major advantages of the E-mail application T 86. Match the following two columns A. provides support for application software< l-CB refers to Microsoft Disk Operating Systent 2-FC is a set of computer programs ・ 3~AD. has been wi dely used in CAD programs• 4-JE. are more suitable for PC users- 5—BF. can be understood as system 6-D tunc-up programs ・7. The LinuxG. are truly powerful enterprise-level computing tools ・ 7一1 8. The Unix and Linux IL is the first Windows operating system 8-Gin a real sense.it when the power is gone.J. is also called the "word length 〃 20-H第二部分87. In ternet resource access is the primary function of the World Wide Web ・ 万维网的主要功能是提供互联网的访问服务。
计算机专业英语总复习
计算机专业英语总复习1.LSI :large-scale integrated circuit大规模集成电路2.VLSI :very large-scale integrated circuit超大规模集成电路3.vacuum tube真空管4.integrated circuit集成电路5.artificial intelligence 人工智能 AI6.parallel-processing并行处理7.A digital computer is generally made up of five distince elements:a central processing unit,input devices,memory storage devices,output devices,and a bus.8.Accroding to the text,modern digital computers can be divided into four major categories on the basis of cost and performance.They are microcomputers,workstations（工作站）,minicomputers（小型机）,and mainframes（大型机）.(The largest and fastest of these are called supercomputers巨型机.)9.The first electronic computers ,such as Colossus and ENIAC created in Britain and the US respectively ,used vacuum tubes（真空管）,which later gave place to transistors（晶体管）.10.microcomputer 微型计算机palmtop 掌上电脑——palmlaptop 笔记本电脑——lapdesktop 台式机——deskThe personal computer or microcomputer,a relatively low-cost machine,usually of desktop size (though"laptops"are small enough to fit in a briefcase, and "palmtops"can fit a pocket.)11.One important parallel-processing (并行处理)approach is the neural network ,which mimics the architecture of the nervous(神经系统的）system.12.One of the trends in computer development ismicrominiaturization（微小型化）.(superconductivity 超导性).第二章1.flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪2.parallel connection 并行连接串行连接serial connection3.操作系统operating system （OS）4.液晶显示（器）LCD (liquid crystal display)5.基本输入/输出系统BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)6.According to the text, the two main types of storage devices are disk drives（磁盘驱动器）and memory(存储器）.7.A computer bus consists of two channels : one that the CPU uses to locate data, called the address bus(地址总线）, and another to send the data to that address, called the data bus（数据总线）.8.output hardware：video display 视频显示器screenprinter 打印机9.input hardware：joystick 游戏柄、function key 功能键、trackball 轨迹球、scanner 扫描仪、microphone 麦克风第三章1.We can classify programming languages under two types:low-level languages and high-level languages.2.High-level languages are commonly classified as procedure-oriented(面向过程), functional(函数式), object-oriented(面向对象) ,or logic languages （逻辑语言).3.A machine language is a low-level language in binary code that a computer can understand and execute directly.4.High-level languages must first be translated into a machine language by another program called a compiler(编译器）before they can be understood and processed by a computer.5.function statement 函数语句object-oriented language 面向对象语言assignment statement 赋值语句conditional statement 条件语句data declaration 数据声明functional structure 功能结构object-oriented 面向对象logic language 逻辑语言6.In many programming languages , a key data type is a pointer(指针）.7.An expression(表达式）is a piece of a statement that describes a series of computations to be performed on some of the program's variables.8.Programmers use statement to manipulate common components of programming languages, such as variables and macros(宏）.第四章1. The most common subroutines ：function 函数、procedure 过程、library routine 库程序、system routine 系统程序、device driver 设备驱动2. A debugger(调试程序）is a program that often used to help find problems in other programs.3. A program called linker(连接器）comnines all of the translated pieces into a single executable program.4. There are three types of application programs to translate source code（源代码）into object code（目标代码）.They are compilers(编译程序）, interpreters（解释程序）,and assemblers （汇编程序）.。
计算机专业英语复习资料整理
英译汉汉译英翻译&简答1）The motherboard is the communications web for the entire computer system.译:主板是整个计算机系统的沟通网。
2）The central processing unit (CPU) is the “brain” of the computer.译:中央处理单元，即CPU，是计算机的“大脑”3）CPU consists of two function al units: the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit.译:CPU有两个功能单元：控制单元和算术-逻辑单元。
4）A computer is a fast and accurate system that is organized to accept, store and process data, and produce results under the direction of a stored program.5）译:计算机是快速而精准的系统，它用来接收、存储和处理数据，并在已存储的程序的指引下输出结果。
6）When people use the term “memory” in reference to computers, they are almost always referring to the computer’s main memory (or primary memory) called random access memory or RAM, which is comprised of chips attached to the motherboard.译:当人们谈及计算机用到“内存”这个术语时，他们几乎总是在指被称为随机存储器RAM的计算机的主存储器，它是由固定在主板上的芯片构成的。
最强计算机基础英语总结
第十二章
1 Accoring to the text, the largest category of computer criminals is _employees_.
7.The smallest unit of information handled by a computer is bit, which is the abbreviation of binary digit , A group of eight bits makes up a(n) byte .
2 People who gain unauthorized access to a computer system for fun and challenge are called _hackers _.
3 Peopleuter system for malicious purposes are called _crackers_.
4.According to the text, modern digital computer can be divided into four major categories on the basis of cost and performance. They are microcomputers, workstations , minicomputers,and mainframes .
2 Most people use the terms “electeonic commerce” and “electronic__business_interchangeably.
计算机英语考试复习资料
计算机英语考试复习资料1．artificial intelligence 人工智能2．paper—tape reader 纸空阅读机3．optical computer 光学计算机4．neural network 神经网络5．instruction set 指令集6．parallel processing 平行处理7．difference engine 差分机8．versatile logical element 通用逻辑器件9．silicon substrate 硅基10．vacuum tube 真空管（电子管）11．the storage and handling of data 数据的存储与处理12．very large—scale integrated circuit 超大规模集成电路13．central processing unit 中央处理器14．personal computer 个人计算机15．analogue computer 模拟计算机16．digital computer 数字计算机17 .general-purpose computer 通用计算机18．processor chip 处理器芯片19．operating instructions 操作指令20．input device 输入设备1．function key 功能键2．voice recognition module 语音识别模块3．touch—sensitive region 触感区，触摸区4．address bus 地址总线5．flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪6．dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机（针式打印机）7．parallel connection 并行连接8．cathode ray tube 阴极射线管9．video game 电子游戏（港台亦称电玩）10．audio signal 音频信号11．operating system 操作系统12．LCD （liquid crystal display）液晶显示（器）13．inkjet printer 喷墨打印机14．data bus 数据总线15．serial connection 串行连接16．volatile memory 易失性存储器17 。
计算机专业英语 复习
Chapter 11.Raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds.a.data2.Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources。
h。
utilities3.Type of application programs that are more narrowly focused on specificdisciplines and occupations。
f。
specialized4.Also known as servers. b。
midrange computers5.The most widely used handheld computers are smartphones and ___。
d。
PDAs6.Type of memory that is sometimes referred to as temporary storagebecause its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted. e。
RAM7.The most important kinds of secondary media are hard disks，solid—statestorage, and ___。
c。
optical disks8.The type of solid—state drive widely used for transporting data andinformation between computers and a variety of specialty devices。
g. USB9.Type of file created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things likebudgets and to predict sales。
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料I．V ocabulary(词汇)(30分)(一)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese．(写出下列词组的汉语。
共10分，每题1分)1．Operating system____________2．white bOx testing__________3．hard disk_________4．management information system_______________5．electronic commerce___________________6．relational database__________________7．software engineering___________________8．software maintenance__________________9．menu bar______________10.n et wo r k s ec u r i t y___________________(二)Fill in the blank swith the corresponding English abbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
共10分，每题1分)1．只读存储器__________2．广域网___________3．传输控制协议___________ 4.文件传送[输]协议__________5．通用串行总线__________ 6.面向对象编程____________7．集成开发环境___________8．结构化查询语言___________9．数据库管理系统___________ 10．开放系统互连______(三)Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the rightcolumn．(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
应用技术学院-计算机专业英语复习资料
应用技术学院-计算机专业英语复习资料专业英语复习资料一、请写出以下单词的中文意思。
1、floppy disk软盘2、printer打印机3、optical disk光盘4、formatting toolbar 格式工具条5、formula方程式6、relational database关系数据库7、antivirus program抗病毒程序8、fragmented破碎9、user interface用户界面10、bus line总线11、smart card智能卡12、motherboard主板13、digital camera数码相机14、fax machine传真机15、ink-jet printer喷墨打印机16、access time访问时间17、direct access直接存取18、Bluetooth蓝牙19、digital signal数字签名20、protocols协议21、operating system 操作系统22．requirements analysis 需求分析23．network security 网络安全24．data structure 数据结构25．decision support system 决策支持系统26．software crisis 软件危机27．computer virus 电脑病毒28．email attachment 电邮附件29．central processing unit ( CPU )中央处理单元30．ink-jet printer 喷墨打印机31. multimedia 多媒体32. software life cycle软件生命周期33. structured programming 结构化程序34. functional testing 功能测试35. word processor 文字处理36. code windows 代码窗口37. firewall 防火墙38. LAN local area network局域网39. hacker 黑客40. switch 开关41．数据库管理系统database management system42．传输控制协议transmission control protocol43．多文档界面multiple document interface 44．面向对象编程Object-oriented programming 45．只读存储器read-only memory46．数字视频光盘Digital Video Disc47．计算机辅助设计computer aided design48．结构化查询语言Structured Query Language49．通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus50．企业之间的电子商务交易方式EDi二、单项选择题。
计算机专业英语期末考复习资料(推荐文档)
考试范围：Unit 1，Unit2, Unit3.3,3.4,3.5, Unit 4.1, 课后练习，以及翻译练习一，单选15题（30%）范围：1.ENIAC were called ____A__,and typically cost more than a million dollarsA. mainframesB. PCC. minicomputerD. Microcomputerputers are _____D___devices that can follow ________ to accept input, process that input, and procedure information.A. electric, wordsB. electrical, instructuresC. electronic, wordsD. electronic instructions3.___D__ printer uses heat element to produce images on heat-sensitive paper.A. Dot-MatrixB.Ink-JetC. LaserD.Thermal4.____A__ directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and the ALU.A. Control unitB.CPUC. MotherboardD.Memory5._____B__ is short for characters per second.A. MIPS（每秒钟百万条指令）B.CPS（中央处理系统）C. CPUD.OS6._____A___ operating system is the most widely used operating system.A. WindowsB.UnixC. LinuxD.Mac7.DOS means_____C___.A. 光盘操作系统B. 软盘操作系统C．磁盘操作系统 D. 硬盘操作系统8.Software Crisis means_____D___.A. 软件开发B. 软件需求C．硬件危机 D. 软件危机9.下面哪个单词的含义是“封装”____B____.A. inheritance (继承)B. encapsulationC. polymorphism （多态性）D. prototype （原型;样机;样品）10.____B___is just a particular type of computer system.A. BrowserB.JavaC. PlatformD.Virtual machine （虚拟机）11. B is used to communicate with another computer over telephonelines.A. keyboardB. modemC. mouseD. printer12. C is a device that enables the computer to handle sounds.A. network cardB. video cardC. sound cardD. monitor13. A is a word processing tool that helps you to create qualitydocuments.A. Word 2003B. Outlook 2003C. Access 2003D. Excel 200314. B is the latest（最新）desktop version of the Windows operatingsystem from Microsoft.A. Windows NTB. Windows 7C. Windows VistaD. WindowsXP15.Which one is not a computer languages? AA. PowerpointB. PASCALC. JavaD. C++16.The heart of a computer system is _ A___A.CPUB. hard diskC. memoryD. main board17.A virus（病毒）is a A.A. programB. computerC. bad manD. beast18.The basic hardware（基本硬件）components of a personal computerconsist of the D .A. keyboard and mouseB. storage devices（存储设备）and displayC. CPUD. all of above19.The central processing unit (CPU) has two parts:A .A. control unit（控制单元）and ALU（算术逻辑单元）B. ALU and registerC. register（注册）and control unitD. ALU and memory20.The more popular operating system is B operating system.A. MS DOSB. WindowsC. UNIXD. Linux21.The desirable features（特点）of the software produced by object-oriented designs（面向对象设计）are the following aspects expect D .A. minimal coupling(最小的耦合)B. functional cohesion(函数内聚)C. information hiding(信息隐藏)D. hierarchical date base(层次数据库)22.Which one of the following descriptions（描述）is not true aboutsoftware crisis? CA. Software is hard to estimate and scheduled.（软件难以评估和使用）B. Software becomes increasingly expensive.（软件变得越来越昂贵）C. Software is almost impossible to identify.（软件是几乎不可能确定）D. Software is almost impossible to manage. （软件是几乎是不可能的管理）23.In computer science, AI is the abbreviation（简称）of theB .A. Adequate IntakeB. Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）C. Analogy InputD. Appreciative Inquiry24 C are the only languages understood by computers.A. High-level languagesB. Assembly languages（汇编语言）C. Machine languages（机器语言）D. Object-oriented programming languages25.The biggest in size, the most expensive in price than any other is classified（分类）and known as A .A. Super ComputersB. MainframesC. MinicomputersD.Portable Computers二，判断10题（10%）范围：以课后练习为主三，阅读理解4篇20题（40%）P16 4,5,6段P37 倒1 P57 倒数2段（java）P67 1，3，5，6段1、In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program．The task of developing programs for the soultion of computational problems is referred to as programming．Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow．In general，this process will help usresolve a problem，which is either too tedious (冗长的) or difficult to work out otherwise．So programming is breaking a task down into small steps．译：为解决计算问题，其解决方案必须被指定在一个计算步骤的序列，每一个可能由一个人或一个数字计算机。
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Each tester should submit each bug report to one or more test peers for a review.每个测试人员应该提交每个错误报告给一个或多个测试同行审查A software development process, also known as a software development lifecycle, is a structure imposed on the development of a software product.一个软件开发过程,也称为一个软件开发生命周期,是一个用于软件产品开发的结构。
There are two types of testing: black box and white box. Black box testing is done by the system test engineer and the user. White box testing is the responsibility of the programmer.有两种类型的测试:黑盒和白盒。
黑盒测试是通过系统测试工程师和用户。
白盒测试是程序员的。
Software is first developed by a group of developers. Usually, it is in use for a while before modifications are necessary. Briefly write down the hardware of the computer Write down the software life cycle软件第一次是由一个团队开发的。
通常,在进行修改之前使用一段时间是必要的。
然后简要地记下计算机硬件，软件生命周期Few computer users run MS-DOS or OS/2 directly. They prefer versions of UNIX or window systems with graphical interfaces, such as Windows XP or the Macintosh OS, which make computer technology more accessible.一些计算机用户直接运行ms - dos或OS / 2。
他们更喜欢UNIX或窗口系统与图形界面版本的,如Windows XP或Macintosh操作系统,这使得计算机技术更人性化。
Briefly write down the hardware of the computer? (at least, name eight components ) ANSWER:CPU ,ROM,mouse，printer，display，keyboard，scanner，power source，mainboard2, What is OS? What are the three basic functions of OS?The operating system is management computer hardware resources, control the other program running and provide users with interactive operation interface system software set operating system is the key part of the computer system, is responsible for the management and allocation of memory decision system resources supply and demand priority control input and output equipment operation network file system and management, and other basic tasks进程管理（Processing management）内存管理（Memory management）文件系统（File system）网络通讯（Networking）安全机制（Security）用户界面（User interface）驱动程序（Device drivers）1.configure2.printer3.apply4.derive5.conceptmunication7.block8.difference9.Phone puter 11.fax 12.destination 13.regard 14.telecommunications 15.send 16.systemData communications is the process of transmitting and receiving data in an orderly way so the data that arrives at its destination_ is an accurate duplication of the data that was .send _____. When data travels a short distance, such as when you send data from your computer to your printer, it is referred to as local communications. When data travels a long distance, the _ communication is referred to as telecommunications; the prefix “tele”is __ derived from a Greek word that means “far” or “far off.”The difference between a short distance and a long distance is somewhat arbitrary. For example, if your ___ computer sends data to a printer in the next room, it is regard as local communications; if you __Phone the person in the next room, you are transmitting data over a(n) _ telecommunications device. However, the same basic communications concepts _ apply to both local communications and telecommunications.Basic data communications concepts are the building ______ blocks for understanding how data travels on a communications _ system. These concepts come in handy when you install, _ ___ configure, or upgrade a local area network. In addition, these concept help you set up modems, fax machines, and cellular data transfers.1 Operation systems control different computer processes, such as running aspreadsheet program or accessing information from the computer’s memory.操作系统控制不同的计算机进程,比如运行一个电子表格程序或从计算机内存访问信息。
2, Output hardware consists of external devices that transfer information from the computer’s CPU to the computer user.输出硬件由外部设备组成，它把信息从电脑的处理器传递给用户。
3, In software, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect results.在软件中，Bug是一个代码或逻辑错误，它会导致一个程序出故障或产生错误的结果。
4, A database system is divided into several modules to achieve the overall functionality.一个数据库系统被分为几个模块来实现全部的功能。
5, Most personal computers communicate with each other and with larger networks, such as the Internet, by using the ordinary telephone network.绝大多数的个人电脑通过普通电话网来进行彼此间的和因特网等大型网络的交流。
1，Briefly write down how many OS are commonly used on the computer? (at least, name 2 of them)Windows ，Unix，Linux2, Write down the software life cycle1.problem definition2.Feasibility analysis3.demand analysis4. development stage4.1 、design4.2 、realize4.3、testing5.maintainEquipment important keyboard center available communicate graphics screen Data database appear link identification on-line field modemA database is any collection of data organized for storage in a computer memory and designed for easy access by authorized users. The __ data__ may be in the form of text, numbers, or encoded __ graphics. Since their first, experimental appearance in the 1950s, databases have become so __ important in industrial societies that they can be found in almost every __ field of information.In the 1960s, some databases became commercially __available, but their use was funneled through a few so-called research __ database that collected information inquiries and handled them in batched __on-line databases---that is, databases available to anyone who could_ link _ up to them by computer—first _ appear in the 1970s. For the home user, the _ Equipment required includes a computer terminal, a telephone, and a(n) modem_, which enables the terminal and the _ center(usually some type of search-service system) to communicate. The user simply dials the number of the service, provides a password code for communicate and billing, and types in questions to a chosen database on the terminal’s keyboard. The data received may either be displayed on a terminal __ screen or printed out.。