初一英语动词解析及练习

初一英语动词解析及练习

动词专项练习

一动词的种类：四种

（一）行为动词( 如play study run ) 有具体动作意义

（二）连系动词（如is am are get feel keep stay ）等，后用形容词作表语

（三）情态动词（如can may must should would）等，表示禁止、命令、请求等意义，后接动词原形

（四）助动词（如be +v –ing 中的be ；Do you ….?中的do ；He doesn’t like .中的doesn’t; Did you have….?中的did ）只起语法作用，无意义，不必翻译

二动词的形式有

（一）动词原形如play study run

（二）动词过去式如played studied ran

（三）动词三单形式如plays studies runs

（四）动词ing 形式（也叫动名词或现在分词）如playing studying running

（五）动词不定式（即to +动词原形）如to play to study to run

三选择动词正确形式的方法

（一）主语后需填动词时，注意动词的时态，主要从该句中的时间状语来判断，有时也要从上下语境来判断。如I (like ) candy,but I don’t like sugar. 从后句I don’t like 可判断前句是一般现在时，所以根据主语I 填入like 的原形

注句子的时态有1、一般现在时，常与often ; always .once a week every day 等词或短语连用

2,现在进行时，主语+ be+v-ing 形式，常与look , listen , over there now 祈使句等连用

3 一般将来时用现在进行时来表示即主语+be +v ing 形式，常与next Sunday tomorrow for vacation 等词连用

4.一般过去时常与yesterday last year 等词连用

（二）如果主语后谓语不缺少，则考虑特殊动词后的用法。下面我们来介绍接to do , doing 和do 原形的特殊动词，动词短语和句型

（1）接to do 形式的动词有

1 want to do sth. 想干`````或want sb. to do sth. 想让某人干``````

2 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮助某人干````

3 need to do sth. 需要干``````

4 plan to do sth. 计划干```````

5 hope to do sth. 希望干````

6 try to do sth.. 尽量干````````

7 decide to do sth. 决定干```````

8 It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.（该某人）干````的时间

9 I’m sorry to hear that + 句子听到`````很难过

10 have to do sth. 必须干`````

11 would like to do sth.=want to do sth . 想干```````

12 forget to do sth. 忘记干``````

13 remember to do sth . 记住干``````

14 ask sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人干``````

15 It takes sb.(宾语) 一段时间to do sth . 花费某人一段时间干``````

16 It’s +形容词+(for sb. )+ to do sth. （对于某人）干`````很`````

17 It’s kind of you to do sth 谢谢你干`````.

***注意

8 Beijing is a good place ______(have ) fun .

9 something to eat/drink 翻译__________

10 We need to have healthy food _______(keep ) healthy（动词不定式作目的状语为了`````）.（2）后接doing 形式的有

1 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢干`````/享受干```的乐趣

2finish doing sth. 完成干``````

3stop doing sth 停止干`````

4practice doing sth 练习干``````.

5sb.+spends time (in)doing sth. 某人花费时间干``````

6have fun doing sth. 干````很有趣

7be busy doing sth . 忙于干``````

8be good at doing sth. =do well in doing sth. . 擅长于干```````

9thanks for doing sth. 谢谢你干`````

10 How about doing sth.? =What about doing sth .? 干````怎么样（用来提建议）?

11 keep doing sth . 坚持干````

完成下面的练习

***表示干某事是一种习惯，爱好时也可用v –ing 形式，或作句子的主语如：Eating too much is bad for your health .或作句子的表语如：My hobby is playing basketball

***在某些固定短语中也用v –ing 形式如：do some reading/cleaning /washing /shopping….. 还有go shopping/swimming/hiking/bike riding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing（滑雪）….

（3）既可接v-ing 形式，还可接to 形式，且意义相同的动词有like doing =like to do , start doing =start to do begin to do =begin doing

（4）后接动词原形有

1使役动词如：make let 等词后，它们的意义为使，叫，让

2情态动词如：can ,could, may , must , would ,should 等词后

3祈使句中，如：-Jane ,_______(come ) here ,please .-OK,Mary

Don’t ________(forget) to close your door .

*** 祈使句的否定形式有两种表示方法如：Don’t smoke here =No smoking here 但是第二种形式多用于公共场合

4Let’s +v原形（用来提建议）

5 Why not +v 原形？（用来提建议）=Why don’t you +v 原形？

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________　go_________ like________ write________

_ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy

_________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit

________ begin________ shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .