船舶设计英文翻译
船舶设计外文翻译---船舶在开敞水域和受限航道的坐底现象
附录二、外文翻译<文献翻译一：原文>ship squat in open water andin confined channelsWhat exactly is ship squat?When a ship proceeds through water, she pushes water ahead of her. In order not to leave a ‘hole’ in the water, this volume of water must return down the sides and under the bottom of the ship. The streamlines of return flow are speeded up under the ship. This causes a drop in pressure, resulting in the ship dropping vertically in the water.As well as dropping vertically, the ship generally trims for’d or aft. Ship squat thus is made up of two components, namely mean bodily sinkage plus a trimming effect. If the ship is on evenC being considered.keel when static, the trimming effect depends on the ship type andbThe overall decrease in the static underkeel clearance (ukc), for’d or aft, is called ship squat. It is not the difference between the draughts when stationary and the draughts when the ship is moving ahead.If the ship moves forward at too great a speed when she is in shallow water, say where this static even-keel ukc is 1.0–1.5 m, then grounding due to excessive squat could occur at the bow or at the stern.For full-form ships such as Supertankers or OBO vessels, grounding will occur generally at the bow. For fine-form vessels such as Passenger Liners or Container ships the grounding will generally occur at the stern. This is assuming that they are on even keel when stationary.C is >0.700, then maximum squat will occur at the bow.IfbC is <0.700, then maximum squat will occur at the stern.IfbC is very near to 0.700, then maximum squat will occur at the stern,amidships and at theIfbbow. The squat will consist only of mean bodilysinkage, with no trimming effects.It must be generally, because in the last two decades, several ship types have tended to be shorter in length between perpendiculars (LBP) and wider in Breadth Moulded (Br. Mld). This has lead to reported groundings due to ship squat at the bilge strakes at or near to amidships when rolling motions have been present.Why has ship squat become so important in the last 40 years?Ship squat has always existed on smaller and slower vessels when under-way. These squats have only been a matter of centimetres and thus have been inconsequential.However, from the mid-1960s to this new millennium, ship size steadily has grown until we have Supertankers of the order of 350 000 tonnes dead-weight (dwt) and above. These Supertankers have almost out-grown the Ports they visit, resulting in small static even-keel ukc of only 1.0–1.5 m.Alongside this development in ship size has been an increase in service speed on several ships, e.g. Container ships, where speeds have gradually increased from 16 up to about 25 kt.Ship design has seen tremendous changes in the 1980s and 1990s. In Oil Tanker design we have the ‘Jahre Viking’ with a dwt of 564 739 tonnes and an LBP of 440 m. This is equivalent tothe length of five football pitches.In 2002, the biggest Container ship to date, namely the ‘Hong Kong Express’ came into service. She has a dwt of 82 800 tonnes, a service speed of 25.3 kt, an LBP of 304 m, Br. Mld of 42.8 m and a draft moulded of 13 m.As the static ukc have decreased and as the service speeds have increased, ship squats have gradually increased. They can now be of the order of 1.50-1.75m, which are of course by no means inconsequential.Department of Transport ‘M’ noticesIn the UK, over the last 20 years the UK Department of Transport have shown their concern by issuing four ‘M’ notices concerning the problems of ship squat and accompanying problems in shallow water. These alert all Mariners to the associated dangers.Signs that a ship has entered shallow water conditions can be one or more of the following:1. Wave-making increases, especially at the forward end of the ship.2. Ship becomes more sluggish to manoeuvre. A pilot’s quote … ‘almost like being in porridge.’3. Draught indicators on the bridge or echo sounders will indicate changes in the end draughts.4. Propeller rpm indicator will show a decrease. If the ship is in ‘open water’ conditions, i.e. without breadth restrictions, this decrease may be up to 15% of the Service rpm in deep water. If the ship is in a confined channel, this decrease in rpm can be up to 20% of the service rpm.5. There will be a drop in speed. If the ship is in open water conditions this decrease may be up to 30%. If the ship is in a confined channel such as a river or a canal then this decrease can be up to 60%.6. The ship may start to vibrate suddenly. This is because of the entrained water effects causing the natural hull frequency to become resonant with another frequency associated with the vessel.7. Any rolling, pitching and heaving motions will all be reduced as ship moves from deep water to shallow water conditions. This is because of the cushioning effects produced by the narrow layer of water under the bottom shell of the vessel.8.Turning circle diameter (TCD) increases. TCD in shallow water could increase 100%.9. Stopping distances and stopping times increase, compared to when a vessel is in deep waters.10. Rudder is less effective when a ship is in shallow waters.What are the factors governing ship squat?The main factor is ship speed V. Detailed analysis has shown that squat varies as speed to the power of 2.08. However, squat can be said to vary approximately with the speed squared. In other words, we can take as an example that if we have the speed we quarter the squat. Put another way, if we double the speed we quadruple the squat!!In this context, speed V is the ship’s speed relative to the water. Effect of current/tide speed with or against the ship must therefore be taken into account.Another important factor is the block coefficient CB. Squat varies directly with CB. Oil Tankers will therefore have comparatively more squat than Passenger Liners.Procedures for reducing ship squat1. Reduce the mean draft of the vessel if possible by the discharge of water ballast. This causes two reductions in one:(a) At the lower draft, the block coefficient CB will be slightly lower in value, although with Passenger Liners it will not make for a signifi-cant reduction. (b) At the lower draft, for a similar water depth, the H/T will be higher in value. It has been shown that higher H/T values lead to smaller squat values.2. Move the vessel into deeper water depths. For a similar mean ship draft, H/T will increase, leading again to a decrease in ship squat.3. When in a river if possible, avoid interaction effects from nearby moving ships or with adjacent riverbanks. A greater width of water will lead to less ship squat unless the vessel is outside her width of influence.4. The quickest and most effective way to reduce squat is to reduce the speed of the ship.False draftsIf a moored ship’s drafts are read at a quayside when there is an ebb tide of say 4 kt then the draft readings will be false. They will be incorrect because the ebb tide will have caused a mean bodily sinkage and trimming effects. In many respects this is similar to the ship moving forward at a speed of 4 kt. It is actually a case of the squatting of a static ship.It will appear that the ship has more tonnes displacement than she actually has. If a Marine Draft Survey is carried out at the next Port of Call (with zero tide speed), there will be a deficiency in the displacement ‘constant.’ O bviously, larger ships such as Supertankers and Passenger Liners will have greater errors in displacement predictions.SummaryIn conclusion, it can be stated that if we can predict the maximum ship squat for a given situation then the following advantages can be gained:1. The ship operator will know which speed to reduce to in order to ensure the safety of his/her vessel. This could save the cost of a very large repair bill. It has been reported in technical press that the repair bill for the QEII was $13 million … plus an estimate for lost Passenger bookings of $50 million!!2. The ship officers could load the ship up an extra few centimetres (except of course where load-line limits would be exceeded). If a 100 000 tonnesdwt Tanker is loaded by an extra 30 cm or an SD14 General Cargo ship is loaded by an extra 20 cm, the effect is an extra 3% onto their dwt. This gives these ships extra earning capacity.3. If the ship grounds due to excessive squatting in shallow water, then apart from the large repairb ill, there is the time the ship is ‘out of service’. Being ‘out of service’ is indeed very costly because loss of earnings can be as high as £100 000 per day.4. When a vessel goes aground there is always a possibility of leakage of oil resulting in compensation claims for oil pollution and fees for clean-up operations following the incident. These costs eventually may have to be paid for by the shipowner.备注：Dr C.B.Barrass．Ship Design and Performance for Masters and Mates[M]．Butterworth-Hei nemann，2004．148~179<文献翻译一：译文>船舶在开敞水域和受限航道的坐底现象什么是船舶的坐底现象?当船舶在水中向前航行时，她会推开在船首的水。
船舶专业英语词汇
船舶专业英语词汇anchor shackle 锚卸扣船舶专业英语词汇ancho rstock 锚杆angle bar 角钢船舶专业英语词汇（按照字母顺序排列）（一）angle of attack 攻角a faired se tangle plate 角钢of lines 经过光顺处理的一套型线 astereopair of photographsangle d deck 斜角甲板一对立体投影相片abaft 朝向船体anticipated loads encountered at sea 在波浪中遭遇到的预期载荷abandonment cost 船舶废置成本费用anti-pitching fins 减纵摇鳍accommodation 居住（舱室）antir oll fins accommodation ladder 舷梯减摇鳍 anti-rolling tank 减摇水舱adjus t valv e 调节阀 appendage 附体adjustable-pitch 可调螺距式artis an admiralt y 海军部技工assembly line 装配流水线 advance coeffici ent 进速系数at-sea replenishment 海上补给 aerostat ic 空气静力学的augment of resistance 阻力增额 aft peak bulkhead 艉尖舱壁auxiliar y systems 辅机系统 aft peak tank 艉尖舱auxiliar y tan k 调节水舱 ailer on 副鳍axia l advance 轴向进速 air cushion vehicl e 气垫船backing structur eair diffuser 空气扩散器垫衬结构 back-up member焊接垫板air intake 进气口 balance weight 平衡锤aircr aft carri er 航空母舰 bal l bearing air-driven water pump 气动水泵滚珠轴承 bal l valve 球阀 airfo il 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵 balla st tank 压载水舱 alignmen t chock 组装校准用垫楔bar 型材aluminum alloystructure 铝合金结构bar keelAmerican Bureau of Shipping棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨美国船级社 amidship s 舯 barge 驳船baseline 基线amphibious 两栖的basic designancho r arm 锚臂基本设计batte n 压条，板条ancho r chain 锚链beam 船宽，梁ancho r crown 锚冠beam bracke t 横梁肘板ancho r fluke 锚爪beam knee 横梁肘板ancho r mouth 锚唇bed-plate girder 基座纵桁ancho r reces s 锚穴bending-momentcurves 弯矩曲线Benoulli’slaw 伯努利定律 brake cran karm 制动曲柄bert h term 停泊期 brak e drum 刹车卷筒 beve l 折角brak e hydraul ic cylinder 制动液压缸 bidder 投标人 brak ehydraul ic pipe 刹车液压管bilg e 舭，舱底breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽度bilg e bracke t 舭肘板 breadth moulded型宽bilg e radius 舭半径 breakbulk 件杂货 bilg e sounding pipe 舭部边舱水深探管 breasthook 艏肘板bitt 单柱系缆桩 bridge 桥楼，驾驶台blad e roo t 叶跟 bridge console stand 驾驶室集中操作台 blad e sectio n 叶元剖面 BSRA英国船舶研究协会blas t 喷丸 buckle 屈曲 bloc k coefficie nt 方形系数buff er spring 缓冲弹簧blue pete r 出航旗built-up plate section 组合型材 boardin g deck 登艇甲板bulb plate 球头扁钢boat davi t 吊艇架 bulbous bow 球状船艏，球鼻首boat fall 吊艇索bulk carrie r 散货船boat guy 稳艇索 bulk oi l carri er 散装油轮 bobstay首斜尾拉索 bulkhea d 舱壁 body pla n横剖面图bulwark 舷墙bolt 螺栓，上螺栓固定 bulwark plate 舷墙板 Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线 bulwark stay 舷墙支撑boom 吊杆buoy tende r 航标船 boss 螺旋桨轴榖 buoyant 浮力的bottom side girder 旁底桁 buoyant box 浮箱bottom side tank 底边舱 Bureau Veritas 法国船级社bottom transverse 底列板butt weld 对缝焊接boundary layer 边界层 butterf ly screw cap 蝶形螺帽 bow line 前体纵剖线 buttock 后体纵剖线bow wave 艏波by convention 按照惯例，按约定bowspri t 艏斜桅bow-thruster 艏侧推器船舶专业英语词汇（按照字母顺序排列）（二）boxgirder 箱桁bracket floor 框架肋板cable ship 布缆船brak e 制动装置cable winch 钢索绞车brake band 制动带CAD(computer-aideddesign) 计算机辅助设计CAE(computer-aided manufacturing)计算机辅助制造clipper bow 飞剪型船首CAM(computer-aided engineering)计算机辅助工程clutch 离合器camber 梁拱coastal cargo 沿海客货轮cant beam 斜横梁cofferdam防撞舱壁cant frame 斜肋骨combined cast and rolled s tem 混合型艏柱cantilever beam 悬臂梁commercial ship 营利用船capacity plan 舱容图commissary spaces 补给库舱室，粮食库CAPP(computer –aided processplanning) 计算机辅common carrier 通用运输船助施工计划制定commuter交通船capsize 倾覆compartment 舱室capsizing moment 倾覆力臂compass 罗经captain 船长concept design 概念设计captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船connecting tank 连接水柜cargo cubic 货舱舱容，载货容积constant-pitch propeller 定螺距螺旋桨cargo handling 货物装卸constraint condition 约束条件carriage 拖车，拖架container 集装箱caststeel stem post 铸钢艏柱containerized 集装箱化catamaran 高速双体船contractdesign 合同设计catamaran 双体的contra-rotating propellers 对转桨cavitation 空泡controllable-pitch 可控螺距式cavitation number 空泡数corrosion 锈蚀，腐蚀cavitatio n tunnel 空泡水筒couple 力矩，力偶center keelson 中内龙骨crane 克令吊，起重机centerlin e bulkhead 中纵舱壁crank 曲柄centroid 型心，重心，质心，矩心crest(of wave) 波峰chain cable stopper 制链器crew quarters 船员居住舱chart 海图criterion 判据，准则charterer 租船人Critical Path Method 关键路径法chief engineer 轮机长cross-channel automobile ferries 横越海峡车客渡轮chine 舭，舷，脊cross-sectional area 横剖面面积chock 导览钳crow ’s nest 桅杆瞭望台CIM(computerintegratedmanufacturing) 计算机集成cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾组合制造crussing range 航程circulation theory 环流理论cup and balljoint 球窝关节classificati on society 船级社curvature 曲率cleat 系缆扣curves ofform各船形曲线cushion ofair 气垫draft 吃水damage stability 破损稳性drag 阻力，拖拽力damper 缓冲器 drainage 排水 damping 阻尼draugh t 吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力 davit arm 吊臂dredge 挖泥船 deadweight 总载重量drif t 漂移，偏航 de-ballast 卸除压载drilli ng ri g 钻架 deck line at side 甲板边线drillship 钻井船 deck longitudi nal 甲板纵骨driv e shaft 驱动器轴 deck stringe r 甲板边板drivin g gear box 传动齿轮箱 deck transvers e 强横梁 drivin g shaf t system 传动轴系 deckhouse舱面室，甲板室dry dock 干船坞deep v hull 深 v 型船体 ducted propeller 导管螺旋桨deliver y 交船 dynamic supported craft 动力支撑型船舶 depth 船深dynamometer 测力计，功率计derrick 起重机，吊杆船舶专业英语词汇（按照字母顺序排列）（三） design margi n 设计余量design spiral 设计螺旋循环方式 e.h.p 有效马力destroyer 驱逐舰 eccentric wheel 偏心轮 detachabl e shackl e 散合式连接卸扣 echo-sounder 回声探深仪 detai l design 详细设计 eddy 漩涡diagona l stiffener 斜置加强筋 eddy-making resistance 漩涡阻力 diagram 图，原理图，设计图 efficienc y 供给能力，供给量diese l engine 柴油机electrohydraulic 电动液压的dimensionles s rat io 无量纲比值 electroplat er 电镀工displacement 排水量elevation s 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图，立视图，displacement type vessel 排水型船纵剖线图，海拔distribut ed load 分布载荷 empirical formula 经验公式divisio n 站，划分，分隔 enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间do work 做功 enclosed lifeboat 封闭式救生艇dock 泊靠end open link 末端链环double hook 山字钩end shackle 末端卸扣 double iteration procedure 双重迭代法endurance 续航力double roller chock 双滚轮式导览钳endurance 续航力，全功率工作时间double-acting steamcylinder 双向作用的蒸汽气缸 engine room frame 机舱肋骨down halyard 降帆索engine room hatch end beam 机舱口端梁ensign staff 船尾旗杆 foldi ng batchcover 折叠式舱口盖entrance 进流段foldi ng retractable fin stabilizer 折叠收放式减摇鳍 erection 装配，安装 followin g edge 随边 exhaus t valve 排气阀followin g ship 后续船 expanded bracket 延伸肘板 foo t brake 脚踏刹车 expansio n join t 伸缩接头 fore peak 艏尖舱 extrapolate 外插 forge d stee l stem 锻钢艏柱fair 光顺forging 锻件，锻造faised floor 升高肋板 forward draftmark 船首水尺 fan 鼓风机 forward/afe r perpendicular 艏艉柱fatigu e 疲劳 forward/aft er shoulder 前 /后肩feasibil ity study 可行性研究 foundry casting 翻砂铸造 featheri ng blad e 顺流变距桨叶frame 船肋骨，框架，桁架 fender 护舷 freeboar d 干舷 ferr y 渡轮，渡运航线 freeboar d deck 干舷甲板 fillet weld connection 贴角焊连接 freig ht rate 运费率fin angle feedbac k set 鳍角反馈装置fresh water loadline 淡水载重线 fine fast ship 纤细高速船 friction al resistance 摩擦阻力 fine form 瘦长船型Froude number 傅汝德数 finite element 有限元fuel/wat er supply vessel 油水供给船fire tube boiler 水火管锅炉 ful l form 丰满船型 fixed-pitch 固定螺距式ful l scal e 全尺度flange 突边，法兰盘fullness 丰满度flanki ngrudder s 侧翼舵 funne l 烟囱flap-type rudder 襟翼舵 furnishings 内装修 flar e 外飘，外张gaf f 纵帆斜桁 flat of keel 平板龙骨 gaf f foresai l 前桅主帆 fleets of vessel s 船队 gangway舷梯flexur al 挠曲的 gantt chart 甘特图floati crane起重船gasketed openings 装以密封垫的开口ngfloodabl e lengt h curve 可进长度曲线general arrangement 总布置 flow of materials 物流 general cargo ship 杂货船 flow pattern 流型，流线谱 generatrix 母线flus h deck vessel 平甲板型船 geometrical ly similar form 外形相似船型 flyi ng bridge 游艇驾驶台 girde r 桁梁，桁架flyi ng ji b 艏三角帆girde r of foundatio n基座纵桁governmenta l authorit ies 政府当局，管理机构 hingedster n door 艉部吊门gradien t 梯度HMS 英国皇家海军舰艇 graving dock 槽式船坞 hog 中拱Green Book绿皮书， 19 世纪英国另一船级社的船名hold 船舱录，现合并与劳埃德船级社，用于登录快速远洋船homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体 gross ton 长吨（ 1.016 公吨）hopper barge 倾卸驳 group technology 成祖建造技术 horizont al stiffen er 水平扶强材GT 成组建造技术 hub 桨毂，轴毂，套筒guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰 hull for m 船型，船体外形gunwale船舷上缘hull girder stress 船体桁应力gunwale angle 舷边角钢HVAC(heating ventilatingand cooling) 取暖，通风与 gunwale rounded thick strake 舷边圆弧厚板冷却 guylin e 定位索 hydrauli c mechanism 液压机构 gypsy 链轮hydrodynamic 水动力学的 gyro-pilot steering indicator自动操舵操纵台 hydrofoi l 水翼gyroscope 回转仪hydrostatic 水静力的IAGG(interacti ve computer graphics) 交互式计算机船舶专业英语词汇（按照字母顺序排列）（四）图像技术icebreaker 破冰船half breadth plan 半宽图icebreaker 破冰船half depth girder 半深纵骨IMCO(Intergovernmental Maritim e ConsultativeOrgan half rounded flat plate 半圆扁钢ization) 国际海事质询组织hard chine 尖舭immerse 浸水，浸没 hatch beam sockets 舱口梁座 impac t load 冲击载荷hatch coaming舱口围板imperial unit 英制单位 hatch cover 舱口盖in strake 内列板hatch cover 舱口盖板inboard profile 纵剖面图hatch cover rack 舱口盖板隔架incremental plasticity 增量塑性hatch side cantilever 舱口悬臂梁 independent tank 独立舱柜hawse pipe 锚链桶initi al stabilit y at small angle of inclination 小倾角初 hawsehole 锚链孔稳性heave 垂荡inland waterwaysvessel 内河船heel 横倾inner bottom 内底heel piece 艉柱根in-plane load 面内载荷helicoidal 螺旋面的，螺旋状的intactstability 完整稳性hinge 铰链intercostals 肋间的，加强的Internationa l Association of ClassificationSociety (IAliquefi ed gas carri er 液化气运输船 CS) 国际船级社联合会 liquefi ed natura l gas carrier 液化天然气船 Internationa l Towing Tank Conference (ITTC) 国际 liquefi ed petroleum gas carri er 液化石油气船船模试验水池会议 liqu id bul k cargo carrier 液体散货船 intersect ion 交点，交叉，横断（切） liqu id chemical tanke r 液体化学品船 invento ry contro l 存货管理 list 倾斜 iterati ve process 迭代过程 livi ng and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室 jack 船首旗Lloyd ’sRegister of shipping 劳埃德船级社 jack 千斤顶Lloyd ’sRules 劳埃德规范 joinery 细木工Load Line Convention 载重线公约keel 龙骨load lineregulations 载重线公约，规范 keel layin g 开始船舶建造 load waterplane 载重水线面 kenter shackle 双半式连接链环loftfloor 放样台 Kristen-Boeing propeller 正摆线推进器longitudi nal (transverse ) 纵（横）稳心高 landing craft 登陆艇 longitudi nal bending 纵总弯曲launch 发射，下水 longitudi nal prismati c coefficient 纵向菱形系数 launch 汽艇longitudi nal strength 纵总强度 launching equipmeng （向水中）投放设备 longitudinal ly framed system 纵骨架式结构 LCC 大型原油轮luffing winch 变幅绞车leading edge 导缘，导边machinery vendor 机械（主机）卖方 ledg e 副梁材 magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊 length overall 总长 maiden voyage 处女航leveler 调平器，矫平机 main impell er 主推叶轮life saving appliance 救生设备 main shafti ng 主轴系 lifebuo y 救生圈 majo r ship 大型船舶 lifejac ket 救生衣 maneuverability 操纵性lift fan 升力风扇 manhole 人孔lift offsets 量取型值 margin plate 边板 ligh t load draft 空载吃水 maritim e 海事的，海运的，靠海的lightenin hole 减轻孔mark dis o speed adjusting 速度调整标度盘g k flight-ship 空船mast 桅杆limbers board 舭部污水道顶板mast clutch 桅座line r trade 定期班轮营运业matrix 矩阵lines 型线merchant ship 商船lines plan 型线图Merchant Shipbuilding Return 商船建造统计表Linnean hierarchicaltaxonomy 林式等级式分类学metacenter 稳心metacentri c heigh t 稳心高notch 开槽，开凹口metal plate path 金属板电镀槽oar 橹，桨metal worker 金属工oblique bitts 斜式双柱系缆桩metri c uni t 公制单位 ocean going ship 远洋船 middl e lin e plane 中线面off-center loading 偏离中心的装载 midship sectio n 舯横剖面offsets 型值 midship section coefficient 中横剖面系数offshor e drilli ng 离岸钻井 ML 物资清单，物料表offshor e structure 离岸工程结构物model tank 船模试验水池oil fill er 加油点 monitoring desk of main engine operation 主机操作 oil skimmer 浮油回收船监视台oil-rig 钻油架 monitoring screenofscrew working condition 螺旋on-deck girder 甲板上桁架桨运转监视屏open water 敞水 more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状复杂optimali ty criterion 最优性准则 mould loft 放样间 ore carrier 矿砂船 multihul l vesse l 多体船 orthogonal 矩形的multi-purpose carrier 多用途船orthogonal 正交的multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划out strake 外列板 mushroom ventilator 蘑菇形通风桶outboar d motor 舷外机 mutually exclusiv e attribute 相互排它性的属性 outboar d profil e 侧视图outer ji b 外首帆船舶专业英语词汇（按照字母顺序排列）（五）outfi t 舾装outfitt er 舾装工 N/C 数值控制outrigg er 舷外吊杆叉头 nautical mile 海里overa ll stabili ty 总体稳性 naval architecture 造船学 overhang 外悬 navigation area 航区paddl e 桨navigation deck航海甲板paddle-wheel-propelled 明轮推进的 near-universal gear 准万向舵机，准万向齿轮 Panama Canal 巴拿马运河net-load curve 静载荷曲线panting arrangement 强胸结构，抗拍击结构neutr al axis 中性轴，中和轴panting beam 强胸横梁neutr al equilibrium中性平衡pantingstringer 抗拍击纵材non-retractablefinstabilizer 不可收放式减摇鳍parallel middle body 平行中体normal法向的，正交的partial bulkhead 局部舱壁normal operating condition 常规运作状况payload 有效载荷nose cone 螺旋桨整流帽perpendicular 柱，垂直的，正交的photogrammetry 投影照相测量法quay 码头，停泊所pile driving barge 打桩船 quotation 报价单pilla r 支柱pin jig 限位胎架船舶专业英语词汇（按照字母顺序排列）（六） pintl e 销，枢轴pipe fitte r 管装工rackin g 倾斜，变形，船体扭转变形 pipe layin g barge 铺管驳船 radiograph y X 射线探伤 pisto n 活塞 rake 倾斜 pitch 螺距 raked bow前倾式船首pitch 纵摇raster 光栅plan views 设计图refrigerated cargo ship 冷藏货物运输船 plannin g hul l 滑行船体 Registe r （船舶）登录簿，船名录Plimsol l lin e 普林索尔载重线Registo Italiano Navade 意大利船级社polar-exploration craft 极地考察船regulatin g knob of fuel pressure 燃油压力调节钮 poop 尾楼reserve buoyancy 储备浮力port 左舷residuary resistance 剩余阻力 port cal l 沿途到港停靠 resultant 合力positiv e righting moment 正扶正力矩 reverse frame 内底横骨power and lighting system 动力与照明系统 Reynolds number 雷诺数precept 技术规则right-handed propeller 右旋进桨preliminary design 初步设计rightin g arm 扶正力臂，恢复力臂pressur e coaming 阻力式舱口防水挡板 rigi d side wall s 刚性侧壁princip al dimensions 主尺度rise of floo r 底升 Program Evaluation and Review Technique 规划评 riverin e warfar e vessel 内河舰艇估与复核法rive t 铆接，铆钉 progressive flooding 累进进水roll 横摇project 探照灯 roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) 滚装 propell er shaf t bracket 尾轴架 rota ry screw propeller 回转式螺旋推进器 propell er type log 螺旋桨推进器测程仪rounded gunwale 修圆的舷边 PVC foamed plastic PVC 泡沫塑料rounded sheer strake 圆弧舷板quadran t舵柄rubber tile 橡皮瓦 quality assurance 质量保证 rudder 舵quarter 居住区rudder bearing 舵承quarter pillar 舱内侧梁柱 rudder blad e 舵叶quartering sea 尾斜浪rudder control rod 操舵杆quasi-steady wave 准定长波rudder gudgeon 舵钮rudder pintle 舵销rudder post 舵柱rudder spindle 舵轴rudder stock 舵杆rudder trunk 舵杆围井run 去流段sag 中垂salvage lifting vessel 救捞船scale 缩尺，尺度schedule coordination 生产规程协调schedule reviews 施工生产进度审核screen bulkhead 轻型舱壁Sea keeping performance 耐波性能sea spectra 海浪谱sea state 海况seakeeping 适航性seasickness 晕船seaworthness 适航性seaworthness 适航性section moulus 剖面模数sectiongs 剖面，横剖面self-induced 自身诱导的self-propulsion 自航 semi-balanced rudder 半平衡舵semi-submersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井架 shaft bossing 轴榖shaft bracket 轴支架shear 剪切，剪力shear buckling 剪切性屈曲shear curve 剪力曲线sheer 舷弧sheer aft 艉舷弧sheer drawing 剖面图sheer forward 艏舷弧sheer plane 纵剖面sheer profile 总剖线sheer profile 纵剖图shell plating 船壳板ship fitter 船舶装配工ship hydrodynamics 船舶水动力学shipway 船台shipyard 船厂shrouded screw 有套罩螺旋桨，导管螺旋桨side frame 舷边肋骨 side keelson 旁内龙骨side plate 舷侧外板side stringer 甲板边板single-cylinder engine 单缸引擎sinkage 升沉six degrees of freedom 六自由度skin friction 表面摩擦力skirt （气垫船）围裙slamming 砰击sleeve 套管，套筒，套环slewing hydraulic motor 回转液压马达slice 一部分，薄片sloping shipway 有坡度船台sloping top plate of bottom side tank 底边舱斜顶板slopint bottom plate of topside tank 定边舱斜底板soft chine 圆舭sonar 声纳spade rudder 悬挂舵spectacle frame 眼睛型骨架speed-to-length ratio 速长比sponson deck 舷伸甲板springing 颤振stability 稳性stable equilibrium 稳定平衡starboard 右舷static equilibrium 静平衡。
船舶名词术语专业英语
船舶专业英语a faired set of lines 经过光顺处理的一套型线a stereo pair of photographs 一对立体投影相片abaft 朝向船尾abandonment cost 船舶废置成本费用accommodation 居住（舱室）accommodation ladder 舷梯adjust valve 调节阀adjustable-pitch 可调螺距式admiralty 海军部advance coefficient 进速系数aerostatic 空气静力学的aft peak bulkhead 艉尖舱壁aft peak tank 艉尖舱aileron 副鳍air cushion vehicle 气垫船air diffuser 空气扩散器air intake 进气口aircraft carrier 航空母舰air-driven water pump 气动水泵airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔aluminum alloy structure 铝合金结构American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社amidships 舯amphibious 两栖的anchor arm 锚臂anchor chain 锚链anchor crown 锚冠anchor fluke 锚爪anchor mouth 锚唇anchor recess 锚穴anchor shackle 锚卸扣anchor stock 锚杆angle bar 角钢angle of attack 攻角angle plate 角钢angled deck 斜角甲板anticipated loads encountered at sea 在波浪中遭遇到的预期载荷anti-pitching fins 减纵摇鳍antiroll fins 减摇鳍anti-rolling tank 减摇水舱appendage 附体artisan 技工assembly line 装配流水线at-sea replenishment 海上补给augment of resistance 阻力增额auxiliary systems 辅机系统auxiliary tank 调节水舱axial advance 轴向进速backing structure 垫衬结构back-up member 焊接垫板balance weight 平衡锤ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball valve 球阀ballast tank 压载水舱bar 型材bar keel 棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨barge 驳船baseline 基线basic design 基本设计batten 压条，板条beam 船宽，梁beam bracket 横梁肘板beam knee 横梁肘板bed-plate girder 基座纵桁bending-moment curves 弯矩曲线Benoulli’s law 伯努利定律berth term 停泊期bevel 折角bidder 投标人bilge 舭，舱底bilge bracket 舭肘板bilge radius 舭半径bilge sounding pipe 舭部边舱水深探管bitt 单柱系缆桩blade root 叶跟blade section 叶元剖面blast 喷丸block coefficient 方形系数blue peter 出航旗boarding deck 登艇甲板boat davit 吊艇架boat fall 吊艇索boat guy 稳艇索bobstay 首斜尾拉索body plan 横剖面图bolt 螺栓，上螺栓固定Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线boom 吊杆boss 螺旋桨轴榖bottom side girder 旁底桁bottom side tank 底边舱bottom transverse 底列板boundary layer 边界层bow line 前体纵剖线bow wave 艏波bowsprit 艏斜桅bow-thruster 艏侧推器box girder 箱桁bracket floor 框架肋板brake 制动装置brake band 制动带brake crank arm 制动曲柄brake drum 刹车卷筒brake hydraulic cylinder 制动液压缸brake hydraulic pipe 刹车液压管breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽度breadth moulded 型宽breakbulk 件杂货breasthook 艏肘板bridge 桥楼，驾驶台bridge console stand 驾驶室集中操作台BSRA 英国船舶研究协会buckle 屈曲buffer spring 缓冲弹簧built-up plate section 组合型材bulb plate 球头扁钢bulbous bow 球状船艏，球鼻首bulk carrier 散货船bulk oil carrier 散装油轮bulkhead 舱壁bulwark 舷墙bulwark plate 舷墙板bulwark stay 舷墙支撑buoy tender 航标船buoyant 浮力的buoyant box 浮箱Bureau Veritas 法国船级社butt weld 对缝焊接butterfly screw cap 蝶形螺帽buttock 后体纵剖线by convention 按照惯例，按约定cable ship 布缆船cable winch 钢索绞车CAD(computer-aided design) 计算机辅助设计CAE(computer-aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造CAM(computer-aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程camber 梁拱cant beam 斜横梁cant frame 斜肋骨cantilever beam 悬臂梁capacity plan 舱容图CAPP(computer –aided process planning) 计算机辅助施工计划制定capsize 倾覆capsizing moment 倾覆力臂captain 船长captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船cargo cubic 货舱舱容，载货容积cargo handling 货物装卸carriage 拖车，拖架cast steel stem post 铸钢艏柱catamaran 高速双体船catamaran 双体的cavitation 空泡cavitation number 空泡数cavitation tunnel 空泡水筒center keelson 中内龙骨centerline bulkhead 中纵舱壁centroid 型心，重心，质心，矩心chain cable stopper 制链器chart 海图charterer 租船人chief engineer 轮机长chine 舭，舷，脊chock 导览钳CIM(computer integrated manufacturing) 计算机集成组合制造circulation theory 环流理论classification society 船级社cleat 系缆扣clipper bow 飞剪型船首clutch 离合器coastal cargo 沿海客货轮cofferdam 防撞舱壁combined cast and rolled stem 混合型艏柱commercial ship 营利用船commissary spaces 补给库舱室，粮食库common carrier 通用运输船commuter 交通船compartment 舱室compass 罗经concept design 概念设计connecting tank 连接水柜constant-pitch propeller 定螺距螺旋桨constraint condition 约束条件container 集装箱containerized 集装箱化contract design 合同设计contra-rotating propellers 对转桨controllable-pitch 可控螺距式corrosion 锈蚀，腐蚀couple 力矩，力偶crane 克令吊，起重机crank 曲柄crest (of wave) 波峰crew quarters 船员居住舱criterion 判据，准则Critical Path Method 关键路径法cross-channel automobile ferries 横越海峡车客渡轮cross-sectional area 横剖面面积crow’s nest 桅杆瞭望台cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾crussing range 航程cup and ball joint 球窝关节curvature 曲率curves of form 各船形曲线cushion of air 气垫damage stability 破损稳性damper 缓冲器damping 阻尼davit arm 吊臂deadweight 总载重量de-ballast 卸除压载deck line at side 甲板边线deck longitudinal 甲板纵骨deck stringer 甲板边板deck transverse 强横梁deckhouse 舱面室，甲板室deep v hull 深v型船体delivery 交船depth 船深derrick 起重机，吊杆design margin 设计余量design spiral 设计螺旋循环方式destroyer 驱逐舰detachable shackle 散合式连接卸扣detail design 详细设计diagonal stiffener 斜置加强筋diagram 图，原理图，设计图diesel engine 柴油机dimensionless ratio 无量纲比值displacement 排水量displacement type vessel 排水型船distributed load 分布载荷division 站，划分，分隔do work 做功dock 泊靠double hook 山字钩double iteration procedure 双重迭代法double roller chock 双滚轮式导览钳double-acting steam cylinder 双向作用的蒸汽气缸down halyard 降帆索draft 吃水drag 阻力，拖拽力drainage 排水draught 吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力dredge 挖泥船drift 漂移，偏航drilling rig 钻架drillship 钻井船drive shaft 驱动器轴driving gear box 传动齿轮箱driving shaft system 传动轴系dry dock 干船坞ducted propeller 导管螺旋桨dynamic supported craft 动力支撑型船舶dynamometer 测力计，功率计e.h.p 有效马力eccentric wheel 偏心轮echo-sounder 回声探深仪eddy 漩涡eddy-making resistance 漩涡阻力efficiency 供给能力，供给量electrohydraulic 电动液压的electroplater 电镀工elevations 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图，立视图，纵剖线图，海拔empirical formula 经验公式enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间enclosed lifeboat 封闭式救生艇end open link 末端链环end shackle 末端卸扣endurance 续航力endurance 续航力，全功率工作时间engine room frame 机舱肋骨engine room hatch end beam 机舱口端梁ensign staff 船尾旗杆entrance 进流段erection 装配，安装exhaust valve 排气阀expanded bracket 延伸肘板expansion joint 伸缩接头extrapolate 外插fair 光顺faised floor 升高肋板fan 鼓风机fatigue 疲劳feasibility study 可行性研究feathering blade 顺流变距桨叶fender 护舷ferry 渡轮，渡运航线fillet weld connection 贴角焊连接fin angle feedback set 鳍角反馈装置fine fast ship 纤细高速船fine form 瘦长船型finite element 有限元fire tube boiler 水火管锅炉fixed-pitch 固定螺距式flange 突边，法兰盘flanking rudders 侧翼舵flap-type rudder 襟翼舵flare 外飘，外张flat of keel 平板龙骨fleets of vessels 船队flexural 挠曲的floating crane 起重船floodable length curve 可进长度曲线flow of materials 物流flow pattern 流型，流线谱flush deck vessel 平甲板型船flying bridge 游艇驾驶台flying jib 艏三角帆folding batch cover 折叠式舱口盖folding retractable fin stabilizer 折叠收放式减摇鳍following edge 随边following ship 后续船foot brake 脚踏刹车fore peak 艏尖舱forged steel stem 锻钢艏柱forging 锻件，锻造forward draft mark 船首水尺forward/afer perpendicular 艏艉柱forward/after shoulder 前/后肩foundry casting 翻砂铸造frame 船肋骨，框架，桁架freeboard 干舷freeboard deck 干舷甲板freight rate 运费率fresh water loadline 淡水载重线frictional resistance 摩擦阻力Froude number 傅汝德数fuel/water supply vessel 油水供给船full form丰满船型full scale 全尺度fullness 丰满度funnel 烟囱furnishings 内装修gaff 纵帆斜桁gaff foresail 前桅主帆gangway 舷梯gantt chart 甘特图gasketed openings 装以密封垫的开口general arrangement 总布置general cargo ship 杂货船generatrix 母线geometrically similar form 外形相似船型girder 桁梁，桁架girder of foundation 基座纵桁governmental authorities 政府当局，管理机构gradient 梯度graving dock 槽式船坞Green Book 绿皮书，19世纪英国另一船级社的船名录，现合并与劳埃德船级社，用于登录快速远洋船gross ton 长吨（1.016公吨）group technology 成祖建造技术GT 成组建造技术guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰gunwale 船舷上缘gunwale angle 舷边角钢gunwale rounded thick strake 舷边圆弧厚板guyline 定位索gypsy 链轮gyro-pilot steering indicator 自动操舵操纵台gyroscope 回转仪half breadth plan 半宽图half depth girder 半深纵骨half rounded flat plate 半圆扁钢hard chine 尖舭hatch beam sockets 舱口梁座hatch coaming 舱口围板hatch cover 舱口盖hatch cover 舱口盖板hatch cover rack 舱口盖板隔架hatch side cantilever 舱口悬臂梁hawse pipe 锚链桶hawsehole 锚链孔heave 垂荡heel 横倾heel piece 艉柱根helicoidal 螺旋面的，螺旋状的hinge 铰链hinged stern door 艉部吊门HMS 英国皇家海军舰艇hog 中拱hold 船舱homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体hopper barge 倾卸驳horizontal stiffener 水平扶强材hub 桨毂，轴毂，套筒hull form 船型，船体外形hull girder stress 船体桁应力HVAC(heating ventilating and cooling) 取暖，通风与冷却hydraulic mechanism 液压机构hydrodynamic 水动力学的hydrofoil 水翼hydrostatic 水静力的IAGG(interactive computer graphics) 交互式计算机图像技术icebreaker 破冰船icebreaker 破冰船IMCO(Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization) 国际海事质询组织immerse 浸水，浸没impact load 冲击载荷imperial unit 英制单位in strake 内列板inboard profile 纵剖面图incremental plasticity 增量塑性independent tank 独立舱柜initial stability at small angle of inclination 小倾角初稳性inland waterways vessel 内河船inner bottom 内底in-plane load 面内载荷intact stability 完整稳性intercostals 肋间的，加强的International Association of Classification Society (IACS) 国际船级社联合会International Towing Tank Conference (ITTC) 国际船模试验水池会议intersection 交点，交叉，横断（切）inventory control 存货管理iterative process 迭代过程jack 船首旗jack 千斤顶joinery 细木工keel 龙骨keel laying 开始船舶建造kenter shackle 双半式连接链环Kristen-Boeing propeller 正摆线推进器landing craft 登陆艇launch 发射，下水launch 汽艇launching equipmeng （向水中）投放设备LCC 大型原油轮leading edge 导缘，导边ledge 副梁材length overall 总长leveler 调平器，矫平机life saving appliance 救生设备lifebuoy 救生圈lifejacket 救生衣lift fan 升力风扇lift offsets 量取型值light load draft 空载吃水lightening hole 减轻孔light-ship 空船limbers board 舭部污水道顶板liner trade 定期班轮营运业lines 型线lines plan 型线图Linnean hierarchical taxonomy 林式等级式分类学liquefied gas carrier 液化气运输船liquefied natural gas carrier 液化天然气船liquefied petroleum gas carrier 液化石油气船liquid bulk cargo carrier 液体散货船liquid chemical tanker 液体化学品船list 倾斜living and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室Lloyd’s Register of shipping 劳埃德船级社Lloyd’s Rules 劳埃德规范Load Line Convention 载重线公约load line regulations 载重线公约，规范load waterplane 载重水线面loft floor 放样台longitudinal (transverse) 纵（横）稳心高longitudinal bending 纵总弯曲longitudinal prismatic coefficient 纵向菱形系数longitudinal strength 纵总强度longitudinally framed system 纵骨架式结构luffing winch 变幅绞车machinery vendor 机械（主机）卖方magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊maiden voyage 处女航main impeller 主推叶轮main shafting 主轴系major ship 大型船舶maneuverability 操纵性manhole 人孔margin plate 边板maritime 海事的，海运的，靠海的mark disk of speed adjusting 速度调整标度盘mast 桅杆mast clutch 桅座matrix 矩阵merchant ship 商船Merchant Shipbuilding Return 商船建造统计表metacenter 稳心metacentric height 稳心高metal plate path 金属板电镀槽metal worker 金属工metric unit 公制单位middle line plane 中线面midship section 舯横剖面midship section coefficient 中横剖面系数ML 物资清单，物料表model tank 船模试验水池monitoring desk of main engine operation 主机操作监视台monitoring screen of screw working condition 螺旋桨运转监视屏more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状复杂mould loft 放样间multihull vessel 多体船multi-purpose carrier 多用途船multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划mushroom ventilator 蘑菇形通风桶mutually exclusive attribute 相互排它性的属性N/C 数值控制nautical mile 海里naval architecture 造船学navigation area 航区navigation deck 航海甲板near-universal gear 准万向舵机，准万向齿轮net-load curve 静载荷曲线neutral axis 中性轴，中和轴neutral equilibrium 中性平衡non-retractable fin stabilizer 不可收放式减摇鳍normal 法向的，正交的normal operating condition 常规运作状况nose cone 螺旋桨整流帽notch 开槽，开凹口oar 橹，桨oblique bitts 斜式双柱系缆桩ocean going ship 远洋船off-center loading 偏离中心的装载offsets 型值offshore drilling 离岸钻井offshore structure 离岸工程结构物oil filler 加油点oil skimmer 浮油回收船oil-rig 钻油架on-deck girder 甲板上桁架open water 敞水optimality criterion 最优性准则ore carrier 矿砂船orthogonal 矩形的orthogonal 正交的out strake 外列板outboard motor 舷外机outboard profile 侧视图outer jib 外首帆outfit 舾装outfitter 舾装工outrigger 舷外吊杆叉头overall stability 总体稳性overhang 外悬paddle 桨paddle-wheel-propelled 明轮推进的Panama Canal 巴拿马运河panting arrangement 强胸结构，抗拍击结构panting beam 强胸横梁panting stringer 抗拍击纵材parallel middle body 平行中体partial bulkhead 局部舱壁payload 有效载荷perpendicular 柱，垂直的，正交的photogrammetry 投影照相测量法pile driving barge 打桩船pillar 支柱pin jig 限位胎架pintle 销，枢轴pipe fitter 管装工pipe laying barge 铺管驳船piston 活塞pitch 螺距pitch 纵摇plan views 设计图planning hull 滑行船体Plimsoll line 普林索尔载重线polar-exploration craft 极地考察船poop 尾楼port 左舷port call 沿途到港停靠positive righting moment 正扶正力矩power and lighting system 动力与照明系统precept 技术规则preliminary design 初步设计pressure coaming 阻力式舱口防水挡板principal dimensions 主尺度Program Evaluation and Review Technique 规划评估与复核法progressive flooding 累进进水project 探照灯propeller shaft bracket 尾轴架propeller type log 螺旋桨推进器测程仪PVC foamed plastic PVC泡沫塑料quadrant 舵柄quality assurance 质量保证quarter 居住区quarter pillar 舱内侧梁柱quartering sea 尾斜浪quasi-steady wave 准定长波quay 码头，停泊所quotation 报价单racking 倾斜，变形，船体扭转变形radiography X射线探伤rake 倾斜raked bow 前倾式船首raster 光栅refrigerated cargo ship 冷藏货物运输船Register （船舶）登录簿，船名录Registo Italiano Navade 意大利船级社regulating knob of fuel pressure 燃油压力调节钮reserve buoyancy 储备浮力residuary resistance 剩余阻力resultant 合力reverse frame 内底横骨Reynolds number 雷诺数right-handed propeller 右旋进桨righting arm 扶正力臂，恢复力臂rigid side walls 刚性侧壁rise of floor 底升riverine warfare vessel 内河舰艇rivet 铆接，铆钉roll 横摇roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) 滚装rotary screw propeller 回转式螺旋推进器rounded gunwale 修圆的舷边rounded sheer strake 圆弧舷板rubber tile 橡皮瓦rudder 舵rudder bearing 舵承rudder blade 舵叶rudder control rod 操舵杆rudder gudgeon 舵钮rudder pintle 舵销rudder post 舵柱rudder spindle 舵轴rudder stock 舵杆rudder trunk 舵杆围井run 去流段sag 中垂salvage lifting vessel 救捞船scale 缩尺，尺度schedule coordination 生产规程协调schedule reviews 施工生产进度审核screen bulkhead 轻型舱壁Sea keeping performance 耐波性能sea spectra 海浪谱sea state 海况seakeeping 适航性seasickness 晕船seaworthness 适航性seaworthness 适航性section moulus 剖面模数sectiongs 剖面，横剖面self-induced 自身诱导的self-propulsion 自航semi-balanced rudder 半平衡舵semi-submersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井架shaft bossing 轴榖shaft bracket 轴支架shear 剪切，剪力shear buckling 剪切性屈曲shear curve 剪力曲线sheer 舷弧sheer aft 艉舷弧sheer drawing 剖面图sheer forward 艏舷弧sheer plane 纵剖面sheer profile 总剖线sheer profile 纵剖图shell plating 船壳板ship fitter 船舶装配工ship hydrodynamics 船舶水动力学shipway 船台shipyard 船厂shrouded screw 有套罩螺旋桨，导管螺旋桨side frame 舷边肋骨side keelson 旁内龙骨side plate 舷侧外板side stringer 甲板边板single-cylinder engine 单缸引擎sinkage 升沉six degrees of freedom 六自由度skin friction 表面摩擦力skirt （气垫船）围裙slamming 砰击sleeve 套管，套筒，套环slewing hydraulic motor 回转液压马达slice 一部分，薄片sloping shipway 有坡度船台sloping top plate of bottom side tank 底边舱斜顶板slopint bottom plate of topside tank 定边舱斜底板soft chine 圆舭sonar 声纳spade rudder 悬挂舵spectacle frame 眼睛型骨架speed-to-length ratio 速长比sponson deck 舷伸甲板springing 颤振stability 稳性stable equilibrium 稳定平衡starboard 右舷static equilibrium 静平衡steamer 汽轮船steering gear 操纵装置，舵机stem 船艏stem contour 艏柱型线stern 船艉stern barrel 尾拖网滚筒stern counter 尾突体stern ramp 尾滑道，尾跳板stern transom plate 尾封板stern wave 艉波stiffen 加劲，加强stiffener 扶强材，加劲杆straddle 跨立，外包式叶片strain 应变strake 船体列板streamline 流线streamlined casing 流线型套管strength curves 强度曲线strength deck 强力甲板stress concentration 应力集中structural instability 结构不稳定性strut 支柱，支撑构型subassembly 分部装配subdivision 分舱submerged nozzle 浸没式喷口submersible 潜期suction back of a blade 桨叶片抽吸叶背Suez Canal tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位限制summer load water line 夏季载重水线superintendent 监督管理人，总段长，车间主任superstructure 上层建筑Supervision of the Society’s surveyor 船级社验船师的监造书supper cavitating propeller 超空泡螺旋桨surface nozzle 水面式喷口surface piercing 穿透水面的surface preparation and coating 表面加工处理与喷涂surge 纵荡surmount 顶上覆盖，越过swage plate 压筋板swash bulkhead 止荡舱壁SWATH (Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) 小水线面双体船sway 横荡tail-stabilizer anchor 尾翼式锚talking paper 讨论文件tangential 切向的，正切的tangential viscous force 切向粘性力tanker 油船tee T型构件，三通管tender 交通小艇tensile stress 拉（张）应力thermal effect 热效应throttle valve 节流阀throughput 物料流量thrust 推力thruster 推力器，助推器timber carrier 木材运输船tip of a blade 桨叶叶梢tip vortex 梢涡toed towards amidships 趾部朝向船舯tonnage 吨位torpedo 鱼雷torque 扭矩torque 扭矩trailing edge 随边transom stern 方尾transverse bulkhead plating 横隔舱壁板transverse section 横剖面transverse stability 横稳性trawling 拖网trial 实船试验trim 纵倾trim by the stern/bow 艉艏倾trimaran 三体的tripping bracket 防倾肘板trough 波谷tugboat 拖船tumble home （船侧）内倾tunnel wall effect 水桶壁面效应turnable blade 可转动式桨叶turnable shrouded screw 转动导管螺旋桨tweendeck cargo space 甲板间舱tweendedk frame 甲板间肋骨two nodded frequency 双节点频率ULCC 超级大型原油轮ultrasonic 超声波的underwriter （海运）保险商unsymmetrical 非对称的upright position 正浮位置vapor pocket 气化阱ventilation and air conditioning diagram 通风与空调铺设设计图Venturi section 文丘里试验段vertical prismatic coefficient 横剖面系数vertical-axis(cycloidal)propeller 直叶（摆线）推进器vessel component vender 造船部件销售商viscosity 粘性VLCC 巨型原油轮Voith-Schneider propeller 外摆线直翼式推进器v-section v型剖面wake current 伴流，尾流water jet 喷水（推进）管water plane 水线面watertight integrity 水密完整性wave pattern 波形wave suppressor 消波器，消波板wave-making resistance 兴波阻力weather deck 露天甲板web 腹板web beam 强横梁web frame 腹肋板weler 焊工wetted surface 湿表面积winch 绞车windlass 起锚机wing shaft 侧轴wing-keel 翅龙骨（游艇）working allowance 有效使用修正量worm gear 蜗轮，蜗杆yacht 快艇yard issue 船厂开工任务发布书yards 帆桁yaw 首摇。
船舶总体设计专业英语
船舶总体设计专业英语 1．总布置general arrangement2．舱室布置Accommodation arrangement3．机舱布置engine room arrangement4．梯道布置stairway and passage way arrangement5．舱compartment6．首尖舱fore peak7．尾尖舱aft peak8．底边舱bottom side tank9．顶边舱top side tank10．边舱wing tank11．船舱hold12．双层底舱double bottom tank13．甲板间舱tween deck space14．隔离空舱cofferdam15．罗经甲板compass deck16．驾驶甲板navigation deck ;bridge deck17．艇甲板boat deck18．游步甲板promenade deck19．起居甲板accommodation deck20．上甲板upper deck21．起货机平台（绞车操纵台）winch platform22．通道passage; alleyway23．内通道interior alleyway24．外通道exterior alleyway25．跳板ramp26．驾驶室wheel house; navigation bridge 27．海图室chart room28．报务室radio room29．雷达室radar room30．机舱engine room31．机舱集控室engine control room32．锅炉舱boiler room33．泵舱pump room34．锚链舱chain room35．舵机舱steering engine room; steering gear room 36．通风机室fan room37．空调机室air-conditioning unit room38．消防控制室fire-control room39．应急发电机室emergency generator room 40．蓄电池室battery room41．货（油）控制室cargo control room42．桅室mast room43．声纳舱sonar transducer44．计程仪舱log room45．泡沫室foam room46．测深仪舱echo sounder room47．机修间work shop48．电工间electrician store49．木工间carpenter store50．贮藏室store51．破损控制设备室damage control equipment room 52．油漆间paint store53．食品库provision store54．冷藏室refrigerating chamber55．冷冻机室refrigerating room56．起居舱室accommodation57．居住舱室cabin58．船长室capaitain room59．大副室chief officer room60．二副室2nd officer room61．三副室3rd officer room62．轮机长室chief engineer room63．大管轮室2nd engineer room64．二管轮室3rd engineer room65．三管轮室4th tengineer room66．船员室crew room67．客舱passenger cabin68．货舱cargo hold; cargo space69．货油舱cargo oil tank70．集装箱舱container hold71．冷藏货舱refrigerating cargo hold72．车辆舱vehicle hold73．液化天然气舱liquified natural gas tank 74．液化石油气舱liquified petroleum gas tank 75．邮件舱mail room76．行李舱luggage room77．液舱liquid tank78．燃油舱fuel oil tank79．滑油舱lubricating oil tank80．溢油舱overflow oil tank81．污油舱dirty oil tank82．渣油舱sludge tank83．压载水舱ballast water tank84．专用压载水舱segregated ballast tank 85．污液（油）舱slop tank86．淡水舱fresh water tank87．饮用水舱drinking water tank88．锅炉水舱feed water tank89．污水（舱底水）舱bilge water tank 90．滑油循环舱circulating lubricating oil tank 91．船体型表面molded hull surface92．裸船体bare hull93．型排水体积molded volume94．附体appendages95．主要要素principal particulars96．基面base plane97．中线面center line plane98．基线base line99．主尺度principal dimension100．总长length overall101．垂线间长length between perpendiculars 102．水线长waterline length103．设计水线长designed waterline length 104．满载水线长load waterline length 105．型宽molded breadth106．水线宽waterline breadth107．最大宽extreme breadth108．型深molded depth109．吃水draft; draught110．型吃水molded draft 111．设计吃水designed draft 112．首吃水fore draft113．尾吃水aft draft114．平均吃水mean draft 115．结构吃水scantling draft 116．满载吃水loaded draft 117．空载吃水light draft118．吃水标志draft mark 119．型线图lines plan120．首垂线forward perpendicular 121．尾垂线aft perpendicular 122．格子线grid123．站ordinate station124．中站midstation125．站线station ordinates 126．型线molded lines127．型值offsets128．型值表table of offsets 129．横剖图transverse section 130．中横剖图midship section 131．最大横剖图maximum section132．水线面water plane133．中纵剖图longitudinal section in centre plane 134．纵剖线buttocks135．横剖线body lines136．斜剖线diagonal137．外廓线profile138．水线waterline139．设计水线designed waterline140．满载水线loaded waterline141．甲板线deck line142．甲板边线deck side line143．甲板中线deck centre line144．舷弧sheer145．梁拱camber146．梁拱线camber curve147．舭部bilge148．舭部升高deadrise149．舭部半径bilge radius150．龙骨线keelline151．龙骨设计斜度rake of keel152．龙骨折角线knuckle line of keel153．龙骨水平半宽half-siding154．折角线knuckle line155．隧道顶线tunnel top line156．内倾tumble home157．外倾、外飘flare158．方尾浸宽immersed transom beam159．方尾浸深immersed transom draft160．船形系数coefficients of form161．方型系数block coefficient162．棱型系数prismatic coefficient163．垂向棱型系数vertical prismatic coefficient164．水线面系数waterline coefficient165．中横剖系数midship section coefficient166．最大横剖面系数maximum transverse section coefficient 167．主尺度比dimension ratio168．前体fore body169．后体after body170．水线平行段parallel waterline171．水线前段waterline beginning172．水线后段waterline ending173．平行中体parallel middle body174．进流段entrance175．去流段run176．肩shoulder177．半进流角half angle of entrance 178．方尾端面transom179．首踵forefoot180．尾踵aftfoot，181．轴包套shaft bossing182．尾轴架propeller shaft bracket 183．尾鳍deadwood skeg184．双尾鳍twin-skeg185．前倾型首raked bow186．直立型首vertical bow 187．破冰型首ice breaker bow 188．球鼻首bulbous bow189．椭圆尾elliptical bow190．方尾transom stern191．巡洋舰尾cruiser stern 192．隧道尾tunnel stern193．球形尾bulbous stern194．U型剖面U-section195．V型剖面V-section196．排水量displacement197．型排水量molded displacement198．总排水量total displacement 199．空船重量light weight200．满载排水量full load displacement 201．设计排水量designed displacement 202．储备排水量displacement margin 203．载重量deadweight204．载货量cargo dead weight 205．压载ballast206．干舷freeboard207．干舷甲板freeboard deck 208．载重线loading line209．载重线标志loading line mark 210．载重量标尺deadweight scale 211．液舱容积tank capacity212．舱容曲线capacity curve213．积载stowage214．吨位tonnage215．总吨位gross tonnage216．净吨位net tonnage217．吨位丈量tonnage measurement。
(完整版)船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)
Chapter 1 Ship Design（船舶设计）Lesson 2 Ships Categorized（船舶分类）2.1 Introduction（介绍）The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。
or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。
竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能：自给自足，适航，足够稳定。
This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念，不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。
船舶设计外文翻译---船舶最大下沉量
The Maximum Sinkage of a ShipT. P. Gourlay and E. O. TuckDepartment of Applied Mathematics, TheUniversity of Adelaide, AustraliaA ship moving steadily forward in shallow water of constant depth h is usually subject to downward forces and hence squat, which is a potentially dangerous sinkage or increase in draft. Sinkage increases with ship speed, until it reaches a maximum at just below the critical speedHere we use both a linear transcritical shallow-water equation and a fully dispersive finite-depth theory to discuss the flow near that critical speed and to compute the maximum sinkage, trim angle, and stern displacement for some example hulls.IntroductionFor a thin vertical-sided obstruction extending from bottom to top of a shallow stream of depth h and infinite width, Michell (1898) showed that the small disturbance velocity potential φ(x,y)satisfies the linearized equation of shallow-water theory(SWT)yy 0xx βφ + φ= (1)Where 2F h β=1-, with F =U /h x -wise stream velocity U and water depth h . This is the same equation that describes linearized aerodynamic flow past a thin airfoil (see e.g., Newman 1977 p. 375), with F h replacing the Mach number. For a slender ship of a general cross-sectionalshape, Tuck (1966) showed that equation (1) is to be solved subject to a body boundary condition of the form'US ()(x,0)=2y x h ±Φ± (2)where S(x) is the ship’s submerged cross -section area at station x . The boundary condition (2) indicates that the ship behaves in the (x ,y) horizontal plane as if it were a symmetric thin airfoil whose thickness S(x)/h is obtained by averaging the ship’s cross -section thickness over the water depth. There are also boundaryconditions at infinity, essentially that the disturbance velocity ∇Φ vanishes in subcritical flow(0β<).As in aerodynamics, the solution of (1) is straightforward for either fully subcritical flow (where it is elliptic) or fully supercritical flow (where it is hyperbolic). In either case, the solutionhas a singularity as 0β→, or F 1h →.In particular the subcritical (positive upward) force isgiven by Tuck (1966) as2F =B'(x)S'()log dxd x ξξξ- (3)with B(x) the local beam at station x . Here and subsequently the integrations are over the wetted length of the ship, i.e.,22L L X -<<where L is the ship’s waterline length. This force F is usually negative, i.e., downward, and for a fore-aft symmetric ship, theresulting midship sinkage is given hydrostatically by22S V s C L ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭ (4) where ()V S x dx =⎰is the ship’s displaced volume, and2'()'()log 2s W L C dxd B x S x A Vξξξπ=-⎰⎰ (5) where ()w A B x dx =⎰is the ship’s waterplane area. The nondimensional coefficient 1.4s C ≈ has been shown by Tuck &Taylor(1970) to be almost a universal constant, depending only weakly on the ship’s hull shape.Hence the sinkage appears according to this linear dispersionless theory to tend to infinity as 1h F →.However, in practice, there are dispersive effects near 1h F = which limit the sinkage, and which cause it to reach a maximum value at just below the critical speed.Accurate full-scale experimental data for maximum sinkage are scarce. However,, according to linear inviscid theory, the maximum sinkage is directly proportional to the ship length for a given shape of ship and depth-to-draft ratio (see later). This means that model experiments for maximum sinkage (e.g., Graff et al 1964) can be scaled proportionally to length to yield full-scale results, provided the depth-to-draft ratio remains the same.The magnitude of this maximum sinkage is considerable. For example, the Taylor Series A3 model studied by Graff et al (1964) had a maximum sinkage of 0.89% of the ship length for the depth-to-draft ratio h/T = 4.0. This corresponds to a midship sinkage of 1.88 meters for a 200 meter ship. Experiments on maximum squat were also performed by Du & Millward (1991) using NPL round bilge series hulls. They obtained a maximum midship sinkage of 1.4% of the ship length for model 150B with h/T =2.3. This corresponds to 2.8 meters midship sinkage for a 200 meter ship. Taking into account the fact that there is usually a significant bow-up trim angle at the speed where the maximum sinkage occurs, the downward displacement of the stern can be even greater, of the order of 4 meters or more for a 200-meter long ship.It is important to note that only ships that are capable of traveling at transcritical Froude numbers will ever reach this maximum sinkage. Therefore, maximum sinkage predictions will be less relevant for slower ships such as tankers or bulk carriers. Since the ships or catamarans that frequently travel at transcritical Froude numbers are usually comparatively slender, we expect that slender-body theory will provide good results for the maximum sinkage of these ships.For ships traveling in channels, the width of the channel becomes increasingly importantaround 1h F =when the flow is unsteady and solitons are emitted forward of the ship (see e.g.,Wu& Wu 1982). Hence experiments performed in channels cannot be used to accurately predict maximum sinkage for ships in open water. The experiments of Graff et al were done in a wide tank, approximately 36 times the model beam, and are the best results available with which to compare an open-water theory. However, even with this large tank width, sidewalls still affect the flow near 1h F =, as we shall discuss.Transcritical shallow-water theory (TSWT)It is not possible simply to set ‚0β= in (1) in order to gain useful information about the flow near 1h F =. As with transonic aerodynamics, it is necessary to include other terms that have been neglected in the linearized derivation of SWT (1).An approach suggested by Mei (1976) (see also Mei & Choi,1987) is to derive an evolution equation of Korteweg-de Varies (KdV) type for the flow near 1h F =. The usual one-dimensional forms of such equations contain both nonlinear and dispersive terms. It is not difficult to incorporate the second space dimension y into the derivation, resulting in a two-dimensional KdV equation, which generalizes (1) by adding two terms to give231h 03xx yy X XX xxxx U βΦ+Φ-ΦΦ+Φ= (6) The nonlinear term in X XX ΦΦbut not the dispersive term inxxxx Φwas included by Lea & Feldman (1972). Further solutions of this nonlinear but nondispersive equation were obtained by Ang (1993) for a ship in a channel. Chen & Sharma (1995) considered the unsteady problem of soliton generation by a ship in a channel, using the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation, which is essentially an unsteady version of equation (6). Although they concentrated on finite-width domains, their method is also applicable to open water, albeit computationally intensive. Further nonlinear and dispersive terms were included by Chen (1999), allowing finite-width results to be computed over a larger range of Froude numbers.Mei (1976) considered the full equation (6) in open water and provided an analytic solution for the linear case where the term X XX ΦΦis omitted. He showed that for sufficiently slender ships the nonlinear term in equation (6) is of less importance than the dispersive term and can be neglected; also that the reverse is true for full-form ships where the nonlinear term is dominant. This is also discussed in Gourlay (2000).As stated earlier, most ships that are capable of traveling at transcritical speeds are comparatively slender. For these ships it is dispersion, not nonlinearity, that limits the sinkage in open water. Nonlinearity is usually included in one-dimensional KdV equations by necessity, as a steepening agent to provide a balance to the broadening effect of the dispersive term in xxxx Φ.Inopen water, however, there is already an adequate balance with the two-dimensional term in yyΦ.This is in contrast to finite-width domains, which tend to amplify transcritical effects and cause the flow to be more nearly unidirectional. Hence nonlinearity becomes important in finite-width channels to such an extent that steady flow becomes impossible in a narrow range of speeds close to critical (see e.g., Constantine 1961, Wu & Wu 1982).Therefore, for slender ships in shallow water of large or in finite width, we can solve for maximum squat using the simple transcritical shallow-water (TSWT) equation0xx yy xxxx βγΦ+Φ+Φ= (7) (Writing23h γ=), subject to the same boundary condition (2). The term in ƒ provides dispersion that was absent in the SWT,and limits the maximum sinkage.ConclusionsWe have used two slender-body methods to solve for the sinkage and trim of a ship traveling at arbitrary Froude number, including the transcritical region.The transcritical shallow water theory (TSWT) developed by Mei (1976) has been extended and exploited numerically, using numerical Fourier transform methods to give sinkage and trim via a double numerical integration. This theory has also been extended to the case of a ship moving in a channel of finite width; however, the numerical difficulty in computing the resulting force integral, and its limited validity, mean that the open-water theory is more practically useful.The finite-depth theory (FDT) developed by Tuck & Taylor (1970) has also been improved and used for general hull shapes. This theory gives a sinkage force and trim moment that are slightly oscillatory in h F . Since the theory involves summing infinite-depth and finite-depthcontributions, both of which vary with 2U at high Froude numbers, any error will growapproximately quadratically with U . Therefore we cannot use this theory at large supercritical Froude numbers. Also, the difficulty in finding the infinite-depth contributions numerically, as well as the extra numerical integration needed to compute the force and moment, make the FDT slightly more dif. cult to implement than TSWT.In practice, scenarios in which ships are at risk of grounding will normally have h/L <0.125. Since the TSWT is a shallow water theory and it works well at h/L = 0.125, we expect that it will give even better results at smaller, practically useful values of h=L . Also, since the TSWT and FDT give almost identical results for h/L <0.125, and the TSWT is a much simpler theory, we recommend it as a simple and accurate method for predicting transcritical squat in open water.备注：T.P.Gourlay and E.O.Tuck ．The Maximum Sinkage of a ship[J]．Jourmal of Ship Research ，2001．50~58<文献翻译二：译文>船舶最大下沉量T. P. Gourlay and E. O. Tuck澳大利亚阿德莱德大学一艘在等深为h 的浅水中平稳前行的船舶通常趋向于受到向下的合力并产生船体下沉,处我们同时利用”线性跨临界浅水方程”和”完全分散限深理论”研究典型船体在接近临界速度时的水流和计算这些船体的最大下沉量、纵倾角和船尾位移。
船舶专业英语课文翻译
Chapter 1 Ship Design（船舶设计）Lesson 2 Ships Categorized（船舶分类）2.1 Introduction（介绍）The forms a ship can take are innumerable. 一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的A vessel might appear to be a sleek seagoing hotel carrying passengers along to some exotic destination; a floating fortress bristling with missile launchers; 。
or an elongated box transporting tanks of crude oil and topped with complex pipe connections. 一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。
竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮None of these descriptions of external appearance, however, does justice to the ship system as a whole and integrated unit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体self-sufficient,seaworthy, and adequately stable in its function as a secure habitat for crew and cargo. ——船员和货物的安全性功能：自给自足，适航，足够稳定。
This is the concept that the naval architect keeps in mind when designing the ship and that provides the basis for subsequent discussions, not only in this chapter but throughout the entire book.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念，不仅涉及本章也贯穿全书。
船舶专业英语词汇(按英文字母排序)
船舶专业英语词汇（按英文字母排序）a faired set of lines 经过光顺处理的一套型线a stereo pair of photographs 一对立体投影相片abaft 朝向船体abandonment cost 船舶废置成本费用accommodation 居住（舱室）accommodation ladder 舷梯adjust valve 调节阀adjustable-pitch 可调螺距式admiralty 海军部advance coefficient 进速系数aerostatic 空气静力学的aft peak bulkhead 艉尖舱壁aft peak tank 艉尖舱aileron 副鳍air cushion vehicle 气垫船air diffuser 空气扩散器air intake 进气口aircraft carrier 航空母舰air-driven water pump 气动水泵airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔aluminum alloy structure 铝合金结构American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社amidships 舯amphibious 两栖的-anchor arm 锚臂anchor chain 锚链anchor crown 锚冠anchor fluke 锚爪aanchor mouth 锚唇anchor recess 锚穴anchor shackle 锚卸扣anchor stock 锚杆angle bar 角钢angle of attack 攻角angle plate 角钢angled deck 斜角甲板anticipated loads encountered at sea 在波浪中遭遇到的预期载荷anti-pitching fins 减纵摇鳍爱antiroll fins 减摇鳍anti-rolling tank 减摇水舱appendage 附体artisan 技工assembly line 装配流水线at-sea replenishment 海上补给augment of resistance 阻力增额auxiliary systems 辅机系统auxiliary tank 调节水舱axial advance 轴向进速backing structure 垫衬结构back-up member 焊接垫板balance weight 平衡锤ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball valve 球阀ballast tank 压载水舱bar 型材bar keel 棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨barge 驳船baseline 基线basic design 基本设计batten 压条，板条beam 船宽，梁beam bracket 横梁肘板beam knee 横梁肘板bed-plate girder 基座纵桁bending-moment curves 弯矩曲线Benoulli’s law 伯努利定律berth term 停泊期bevel 折角bidder 投标人bilge 舭，舱底bilge bracket 舭肘板bilge radius 舭半径bilge sounding pipe 舭部边舱水深探管bitt 单柱系缆桩blade root 叶跟blade section 叶元剖面blast 喷丸block coefficient 方形系数blue peter 出航旗boarding deck 登艇甲板boat davit 吊艇架boat fall 吊艇索boat guy 稳艇索bobstay 首斜尾拉索body plan 横剖面图bolt 螺栓，上螺栓固定Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线boom 吊杆boss 螺旋桨轴榖bottom side girder 旁底桁bottom side tank 底边舱bottom transverse 底列板boundary layer 边界层bow line 前体纵剖线bow wave 艏波bowsprit 艏斜桅bow-thruster 艏侧推器box girder 箱桁bracket floor 框架肋板brake 制动装置brake band 制动带brake crank arm 制动曲柄brake drum 刹车卷筒brake hydraulic cylinder 制动液压缸brake hydraulic pipe 刹车液压管breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽度breadth moulded 型宽breakbulk 件杂货breasthook 艏肘板bridge 桥楼，驾驶台bridge console stand 驾驶室集中操作台BSRA 英国船舶研究协会buckle 屈曲buffer spring 缓冲弹簧built-up plate section 组合型材bulb plate 球头扁钢-bulbous bow 球状船艏，球鼻首bulk carrier 散货船bulk oil carrier 散装油轮bulkhead 舱壁bulwark 舷墙bulwark plate 舷墙板bulwark stay 舷墙支撑buoy tender 航标船buoyant 浮力的buoyant box 浮箱Bureau Veritas 法国船级社butt weld 对缝焊接butterfly screw cap 蝶形螺帽buttock 后体纵剖线by convention 按照惯例，按约定cable ship 布缆船cable winch 钢索绞车CAD(computer-aided design) 计算机辅助设计CAE(computer-aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造CAM(computer-aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程camber 梁拱cant beam 斜横梁cant frame 斜肋骨cantilever beam 悬臂梁capacity plan 舱容图CAPP(computer –aided process planning) 计算机辅助施工计划制定capsize 倾覆capsizing moment 倾覆力臂captain 船长captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船cargo cubic 货舱舱容，载货容积cargo handling 货物装卸carriage 拖车，拖架cast steel stem post 铸钢艏柱catamaran 高速双体船catamaran 双体的cavitation 空泡cavitation number 空泡数cavitation tunnel 空泡水筒center keelson 中内龙骨centerline bulkhead 中纵舱壁centroid 型心，重心，质心，矩心chain cable stopper 制链器chart 海图charterer 租船人chief engineer 轮机长chine 舭，舷，脊chock 导览钳CIM(computer integrated manufacturing) 计算机集成组合制造circulation theory 环流理论classification society 船级社cleat 系缆扣clipper bow 飞剪型船首clutch 离合器coastal cargo 沿海客货轮cofferdam 防撞舱壁combined cast and rolled stem 混合型艏柱commercial ship 营利用船commissary spaces 补给库舱室，粮食库common carrier 通用运输船commuter 交通船compartment 舱室compass 罗经-concept design 概念设计connecting tank 连接水柜constant-pitch propeller 定螺距螺旋桨constraint condition 约束条件container 集装箱containerized 集装箱化contract design 合同设计contra-rotating propellers 对转桨controllable-pitch 可控螺距式corrosion 锈蚀，腐蚀couple 力矩，力偶crane 克令吊，起重机crank 曲柄crest (of wave) 波峰crew quarters 船员居住舱criterion 判据，准则Critical Path Method 关键路径法cross-channel automobile ferries 横越海峡车客渡轮cross-sectional area 横剖面面积crow’s nest 桅杆瞭望台cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾crussing range 航程cup and ball joint 球窝关节curvature 曲率curves of form 各船形曲线cushion of air 气垫damage stability 破损稳性damper 缓冲器damping 阻尼davit arm 吊臂deadweight 总载重量de-ballast 卸除压载deck line at side 甲板边线deck longitudinal 甲板纵骨deck stringer 甲板边板deck transverse 强横梁deckhouse 舱面室，甲板室deep v hull 深v型船体delivery 交船depth 船深derrick 起重机，吊杆design margin 设计余量design spiral 设计螺旋循环方式destroyer 驱逐舰detachable shackle 散合式连接卸扣detail design 详细设计diagonal stiffener 斜置加强筋diagram 图，原理图，设计图diesel engine 柴油机dimensionless ratio 无量纲比值displacement 排水量displacement type vessel 排水型船distributed load 分布载荷division 站，划分，分隔do work 做功dock 泊靠double hook 山字钩double iteration procedure 双重迭代法double roller chock 双滚轮式导览钳double-acting steam cylinder 双向作用的蒸汽气缸down halyard 降帆索draft 吃水drag 阻力，拖拽力drainage 排水draught 吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力dredge 挖泥船drift 漂移，偏航drilling rig 钻架drillship 钻井船drive shaft 驱动器轴driving gear box 传动齿轮箱driving shaft system 传动轴系dry dock 干船坞ducted propeller 导管螺旋桨dynamic supported craft 动力支撑型船舶dynamometer 测力计，功率计e.h.p 有效马力eccentric wheel 偏心轮echo-sounder 回声探深仪eddy 漩涡eddy-making resistance 漩涡阻力efficiency 供给能力，供给量electrohydraulic 电动液压的electroplater 电镀工elevations 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图，立视图，纵剖线图，海拔empirical formula 经验公式enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间enclosed lifeboat 封闭式救生艇end open link 末端链环end shackle 末端卸扣endurance 续航力endurance 续航力，全功率工作时间engine room frame 机舱肋骨engine room hatch end beam 机舱口端梁ensign staff 船尾旗杆entrance 进流段erection 装配，安装exhaust valve 排气阀expanded bracket 延伸肘板expansion joint 伸缩接头extrapolate 外插fair 光顺faised floor 升高肋板fan 鼓风机fatigue 疲劳feasibility study 可行性研究feathering blade 顺流变距桨叶fender 护舷ferry 渡轮，渡运航线fillet weld connection 贴角焊连接fin angle feedback set 鳍角反馈装置fine fast ship 纤细高速船fine form 瘦长船型finite element 有限元fire tube boiler 水火管锅炉fixed-pitch 固定螺距式flange 突边，法兰盘flanking rudders 侧翼舵flap-type rudder 襟翼舵flare 外飘，外张flat of keel 平板龙骨fleets of vessels 船队flexural 挠曲的floating crane 起重船floodable length curve 可进长度曲线flow of materials 物流_flow pattern 流型，流线谱flush deck vessel 平甲板型船flying bridge 游艇驾驶台flying jib 艏三角帆folding batch cover 折叠式舱口盖folding retractable fin stabilizer 折叠收放式减摇鳍following edge 随边following ship 后续船foot brake 脚踏刹车fore peak 艏尖舱forged steel stem 锻钢艏柱forging 锻件，锻造forward draft mark 船首水尺forward/afer perpendicular 艏艉柱船forward/after shoulder 前/后肩foundry casting 翻砂铸造frame 船肋骨，框架，桁架freeboard 干舷freeboard deck 干舷甲板freight rate 运费率fresh water loadline 淡水载重线frictional resistance 摩擦阻力Froude number 傅汝德数fuel/water supply vessel 油水供给船full form丰满船型full scale 全尺度fullness 丰满度funnel 烟囱furnishings 内装修gaff 纵帆斜桁gaff foresail 前桅主帆gangway 舷梯gantt chart 甘特图gasketed openings 装以密封垫的开口general arrangement 总布置general cargo ship 杂货船generatrix 母线geometrically similar form 外形相似船型girder 桁梁，桁架girder of foundation 基座纵桁governmental authorities 政府当局，管理机构gradient 梯度graving dock 槽式船坞Green Book 绿皮书，19世纪英国另一船级社的船名录，现合并与劳埃德船级社，用于登录快速远洋船gross ton 长吨（1.016公吨）group technology 成祖建造技术GT 成组建造技术guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰gunwale 船舷上缘gunwale angle 舷边角钢gunwale rounded thick strake 舷边圆弧厚板guyline 定位索gypsy 链轮gyro-pilot steering indicator 自动操舵操纵台gyroscope 回转仪half breadth plan 半宽图half depth girder 半深纵骨half rounded flat plate 半圆扁钢hard chine 尖舭hatch beam sockets 舱口梁座hatch coaming 舱口围板hatch cover 舱口盖hatch cover 舱口盖板hatch cover rack 舱口盖板隔架hatch side cantilever 舱口悬臂梁hawse pipe 锚链桶hawsehole 锚链孔heave 垂荡heel 横倾heel piece 艉柱根helicoidal 螺旋面的，螺旋状的hinge 铰链hinged stern door 艉部吊门HMS 英国皇家海军舰艇hog 中拱hold 船舱homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体hopper barge 倾卸驳horizontal stiffener 水平扶强材hub 桨毂，轴毂，套筒hull form 船型，船体外形hull girder stress 船体桁应力HV AC(heating ventilating and cooling) 取暖，通风与冷却hydraulic mechanism 液压机构hydrodynamic 水动力学的hydrofoil 水翼hydrostatic 水静力的IAGG(interactive computer graphics) 交互式计算机图像技术icebreaker 破冰船icebreaker 破冰船IMCO(Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization) 国际海事质询组织immerse 浸水，浸没impact load 冲击载荷imperial unit 英制单位爱我船舶网in strake 内列板inboard profile 纵剖面图incremental plasticity 增量塑性independent tank 独立舱柜initial stability at small angle of inclination 小倾角初稳性inland waterways vessel 内河船inner bottom 内底in-plane load 面内载荷intact stability 完整稳性intercostals 肋间的，加强的International Association of Classification Society (IACS) 国际船级社联合会International Towing Tank Conference (ITTC) 国际船模试验水池会议intersection 交点，交叉，横断（切）inventory control 存货管理iterative process 迭代过程jack 船首旗jack 千斤顶joinery 细木工keel 龙骨keel laying 开始船舶建造kenter shackle 双半式连接链环Kristen-Boeing propeller 正摆线推进器landing craft 登陆艇launch 发射，下水launch 汽艇船launching equipmeng （向水中）投放设备leading edge 导缘，导边ledge 副梁材length overall 总长leveler 调平器，矫平机life saving appliance 救生设备lifebuoy 救生圈lifejacket 救生衣lift fan 升力风扇lift offsets 量取型值light load draft 空载吃水lightening hole 减轻孔light-ship 空船limbers board 舭部污水道顶板liner trade 定期班轮营运业lines 型线lines plan 型线图Linnean hierarchical taxonomy 林式等级式分类学liquefied gas carrier 液化气运输船liquefied natural gas carrier 液化天然气船liquefied petroleum gas carrier 液化石油气船liquid bulk cargo carrier 液体散货船liquid chemical tanker 液体化学品船list 倾斜living and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室Lloyd’s Register of shipping 劳埃德船级社Lloyd’s Rules 劳埃德规范Load Line Convention 载重线公约load line regulations 载重线公约，规范load waterplane 载重水线面loft floor 放样台longitudinal (transverse) 纵（横）稳心高longitudinal bending 纵总弯曲longitudinal prismatic coefficient 纵向菱形系数longitudinal strength 纵总强度longitudinally framed system 纵骨架式结构luffing winch 变幅绞车machinery vendor 机械（主机）卖方magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊maiden voyage 处女航main impeller 主推叶轮main shafting 主轴系major ship 大型船舶maneuverability 操纵性manhole 人孔margin plate 边板maritime 海事的，海运的，靠海的mark disk of speed adjusting 速度调整标度盘mast 桅杆mast clutch 桅座matrix 矩阵merchant ship 商船Merchant Shipbuilding Return 商船建造统计表metacenter 稳心metacentric height 稳心高metal plate path 金属板电镀槽metal worker 金属工metric unit 公制单位middle line plane 中线面midship section 舯横剖面midship section coefficient 中横剖面系数ML 物资清单，物料表model tank 船模试验水池monitoring desk of main engine operation 主机操作监视台monitoring screen of screw working condition 螺旋桨运转监视屏more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状复杂mould loft 放样间multihull vessel 多体船multi-purpose carrier 多用途船multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划mushroom ventilator 蘑菇形通风桶mutually exclusive attribute 相互排它性的属性N/C 数值控制nautical mile 海里naval architecture 造船学navigation area 航区navigation deck 航海甲板near-universal gear 准万向舵机，准万向齿轮net-load curve 静载荷曲线neutral axis 中性轴，中和轴neutral equilibrium 中性平衡non-retractable fin stabilizer 不可收放式减摇鳍normal 法向的，正交的normal operating condition 常规运作状况nose cone 螺旋桨整流帽notch 开槽，开凹口oar 橹，桨oblique bitts 斜式双柱系缆桩ocean going ship 远洋船off-center loading 偏离中心的装载offsets 型值offshore drilling 离岸钻井offshore structure 离岸工程结构物oil filler 加油点oil skimmer 浮油回收船oil-rig 钻油架on-deck girder 甲板上桁架open water 敞水optimality criterion 最优性准则ore carrier 矿砂船orthogonal 矩形的orthogonal 正交的out strake 外列板outboard motor 舷外机outboard profile 侧视图outer jib 外首帆outfit 舾装outfitter 舾装工outrigger 舷外吊杆叉头overall stability 总体稳性overhang 外悬paddle 桨paddle-wheel-propelled 明轮推进的Panama Canal 巴拿马运河panting arrangement 强胸结构，抗拍击结构panting beam 强胸横梁panting stringer 抗拍击纵材parallel middle body 平行中体partial bulkhead 局部舱壁payload 有效载荷perpendicular 柱，垂直的，正交的photogrammetry 投影照相测量法pile driving barge 打桩船pillar 支柱pin jig 限位胎架pintle 销，枢轴pipe fitter 管装工pipe laying barge 铺管驳船piston 活塞pitch 螺距pitch 纵摇plan views 设计图planning hull 滑行船体plimsoll line 普林索尔载重线polar-exploration craft 极地考察船poop 尾楼port 左舷port call 沿途到港停靠positive righting moment 正扶正力矩power and lighting system 动力与照明系统precept 技术规则preliminary design 初步设计pressure coaming 阻力式舱口防水挡板principal dimensions 主尺度Program Evaluation and Review Technique 规划评估与复核法progressive flooding 累进进水project 探照灯propeller shaft bracket 尾轴架propeller type log 螺旋桨推进器测程仪PVC foamed plastic PVC泡沫塑料quadrant 舵柄quality assurance 质量保证quarter 居住区quarter pillar 舱内侧梁柱quartering sea 尾斜浪quasi-steady wave 准定长波quay 码头，停泊所quotation 报价单racking 倾斜，变形，船体扭转变形radiography X射线探伤rake 倾斜raked bow 前倾式船首raster 光栅refrigerated cargo ship 冷藏货物运输船Register （船舶）登录簿，船名录Registo Italiano Navade 意大利船级社regulating knob of fuel pressure 燃油压力调节钮reserve buoyancy 储备浮力residuary resistance 剩余阻力resultant 合力reverse frame 内底横骨Reynolds number 雷诺数right-handed propeller 右旋进桨righting arm 扶正力臂，恢复力臂rigid side walls 刚性侧壁rise of floor 底升riverine warfare vessel 内河舰艇rivet 铆接，铆钉roll 横摇roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) 滚装rotary screw propeller 回转式螺旋推进器rounded gunwale 修圆的舷边rounded sheer strake 圆弧舷板rubber tile 橡皮瓦rudder 舵rudder bearing 舵承rudder blade 舵叶rudder control rod 操舵杆rudder gudgeon 舵钮rudder pintle 舵销rudder post 舵柱rudder spindle 舵轴rudder stock 舵杆rudder trunk 舵杆围井run 去流段sag 中垂salvage lifting vessel 救捞船scale 缩尺，尺度schedule coordination 生产规程协调schedule reviews 施工生产进度审核screen bulkhead 轻型舱壁Sea keeping performance 耐波性能sea spectra 海浪谱sea state 海况seakeeping 适航性seasickness 晕船seaworthness 适航性_seaworthness 适航性section moulus 剖面模数sectiongs 剖面，横剖面self-induced 自身诱导的self-propulsion 自semi-balanced rudder 半平衡舵semi-submersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井架shaft bossing 轴榖shaft bracket 轴支架shear 剪切，剪力shear buckling 剪切性屈曲shear curve 剪力曲线sheer 舷弧sheer aft 艉舷弧sheer drawing 剖面图sheer forward 艏舷弧sheer plane 纵剖面sheer profile 总剖线sheer profile 纵剖图shell plating 船壳板ship fitter 船舶装配工ship hydrodynamics 船舶水动力学shipway 船台shipyard 船厂shrouded screw 有套罩螺旋桨，导管螺旋桨side frame 舷边肋骨side keelson 旁内龙骨side plate 舷侧外板side stringer 甲板边板single-cylinder engine 单缸引擎sinkage 升沉six degrees of freedom 六自由度skin friction 表面摩擦力skirt （气垫船）围裙slamming 砰击sleeve 套管，套筒，套环slewing hydraulic motor 回转液压马达slice 一部分，薄片sloping shipway 有坡度船台sloping top plate of bottom side tank 底边舱斜顶板slopint bottom plate of topside tank 定边舱斜底板soft chine 圆舭sonar 声纳spade rudder 悬挂舵spectacle frame 眼睛型骨架speed-to-length ratio 速长比sponson deck 舷伸甲板springing 颤振stability 稳性stable equilibrium 稳定平衡starboard 右舷static equilibrium 静平衡steamer 汽轮船steering gear 操纵装置，舵机stem 船艏stem contour 艏柱型线stern 船艉stern barrel 尾拖网滚筒stern counter 尾突体stern ramp 尾滑道，尾跳板stern transom plate 尾封板stern wave 艉波stiffen 加劲，加强stiffener 扶强材，加劲杆straddle 跨立，外包式叶片strain 应变strake 船体列板streamline 流线streamlined casing 流线型套管strength curves 强度曲线strength deck 强力甲板stress concentration 应力集中structural instability 结构不稳定性strut 支柱，支撑构型subassembly 分部装配subdivision 分舱submerged nozzle 浸没式喷口submersible 潜期suction back of a blade 桨叶片抽吸叶背Suez Canal tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位限制summer load water line 夏季载重水线superintendent 监督管理人，总段长，车间主任superstructure 上层建筑Supervision of the Society’s surveyor 船级社验船师的监造书supper cavitating propeller 超空泡螺旋桨surface nozzle 水面式喷口surface piercing 穿透水面的surface preparation and coating 表面加工处理与喷涂surge 纵荡surmount 顶上覆盖，越过swage plate 压筋板swash bulkhead 止荡舱壁SWATH (Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) 小水线面双体船sway 横荡tail-stabilizer anchor 尾翼式锚talking paper 讨论文件tangential 切向的，正切的tangential viscous force 切向粘性力tanker 油船tee T型构件，三通管tender 交通小艇tensile stress 拉（张）应力thermal effect 热效应throttle valve 节流阀throughput 物料流量thrust 推力thruster 推力器，助推器timber carrier 木材运输船tip of a blade 桨叶叶梢tip vortex 梢涡toed towards amidships 趾部朝向船舯tonnage 吨位Ptorpedo 鱼雷trailing edge 随边transom stern 方尾transverse bulkhead plating 横隔舱壁板transverse section 横剖面transverse stability 横稳性trawling 拖网trial 实船试验trim 纵倾trim by the stern/bow 艉艏倾trimaran 三体的tripping bracket 防倾肘板trough 波谷爱我船舶网tugboat 拖船tumble home （船侧）内倾tunnel wall effect 水桶壁面效应turnable blade 可转动式桨叶turnable shrouded screw 转动导管螺旋桨tweendeck cargo space 甲板间舱tweendedk frame 甲板间肋骨two nodded frequency 双节点频率ULCC 超级大型原油轮ultrasonic 超声波的underwriter （海运）保险商unsymmetrical 非对称的upright position 正浮位置vapor pocket 气化阱ventilation and air conditioning diagram 通风与空调铺设设计图Venturi section 文丘里试验段vertical prismatic coefficient 横剖面系数vertical-axis(cycloidal)propeller 直叶（摆线）推进器vessel component vender 造船部件销售商viscosity 粘性VLCC 巨型原油轮V oith-Schneider propeller 外摆线直翼式推进器v-section v型剖面wake current 伴流，尾流water jet 喷水（推进）管water plane 水线面watertight integrity 水密完整性wave pattern 波形wave suppressor 消波器，消波板wave-making resistance 兴波阻力weather deck 露天甲板web beam 强横梁web frame 腹肋板weler 焊工wetted surface 湿表面积winch 绞车windlass 起锚机wing shaft 侧轴wing-keel 翅龙骨（游艇）working allowance 有效使用修正量worm gear 蜗轮，蜗杆yacht 快艇yard issue 船厂开工任务发布书yards 帆桁yaw 首摇。
船舶与海洋工程 英语
船舶与海洋工程英语船舶与海洋工程涉及到设计、建造和运营各种类型的船舶以及与海洋资源开发和保护相关的工程。
以下是有关船舶与海洋工程的一些英语词汇和短语：1. Ship Design and Construction:- Naval architecture - 船舶设计- Shipbuilding - 船舶建造- Hull design - 船体设计- Marine engineering - 海洋工程2. Ship Types:- Cargo ship - 货船- Container ship - 集装箱船- Passenger ship - 客船- Oil tanker - 油轮- Fishing vessel - 渔船- Naval ship - 军舰3. Maritime Safety:- Navigation safety - 航行安全- Collision avoidance - 避碰- Search and rescue - 搜救- Emergency response - 应急响应4. Offshore Engineering:- Offshore platform - 海上平台- Subsea engineering - 海底工程- Offshore drilling - 海上钻探- Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) - 浮式生产储油船5. Oceanography:- Ocean currents - 海洋流- Tidal energy - 潮汐能- Marine ecology - 海洋生态学- Underwater exploration - 水下探测6. Marine Resources:- Fisheries management - 渔业管理- Aquaculture - 水产养殖- Deep-sea mining - 深海矿业- Renewable ocean energy - 可再生海洋能源7. Environmental Protection:- Marine pollution control - 海洋污染控制- Oil spill response - 油污应急响应- Marine conservation - 海洋保护- Sustainable maritime practices - 可持续海洋实践8. International Maritime Organizations:- International Maritime Organization (IMO) - 国际海事组织- International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) - 国际海洋测绘组织- International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT) - 国际海事卫星组织这些词汇和短语涵盖了船舶与海洋工程领域的一些关键方面，可以作为学习和讨论的起点。
船舶工程专业英语,专业短语
contract plan and specification 合同计划和规范general basic design基本设计in one way or another 总的来看，从各方面看crew boat 交通船specialized craft 专业工艺deck profile 甲板剖面图plan view 平面图sections 横剖面图heat balance 热平衡steam flow 汽流additional reading 课外阅读general consideration总则common denominator of共同标准supporting force支承力comparative factor比较因子physical nature物理性质naval vessel海军舰艇bulbous forefoot球鼻首a multitude of大量total system综合系统without regard to不考虑optimum performance最佳性能in an orderly manner井井有条commercial craftachieve objective实现目标display instrument显示仪表simultaneous execution同时执行protective systems防护系统navigation bridge驾驶室selfsufficient自给自足的flexible seal 弹性密封圈directionally stable航向稳定forward motion 前进运动dynamic support 动力支持structural stress 结构应力a variation of 变化an adaptation of 改变configuration of ship designrequired freight rate 必要运费率salvage value残值，一项固定资产经过一定时期使用而磨损和老化后，所剩余的价值cashflow analysis现金流量分析acquisiton costthe economics of 经济oceanographic research ship海洋调查船power plant发电站；发电厂；电动装置；发电机motor power 电机功率sail power 帆动力shell plating 船壳板，外板draw （船）吃（水）in feet 用英尺表示take mean of采取float on an even keel 平浮height of platformif anyrudder stockthe after cut up 船艉间断处ordinates 船体分站a table of一个表geometric particulars几何细节be of interest有兴趣的frame sectionround down甲板降低profile纵剖面section横剖面angular disturbance角扰动the areas of A up to Bcircumscribing rectangle外切矩形rectangular block长方体bulkhead舱壁line plan型线图body section船体横截面，船体分段船体横剖面body plan正视图，横剖面线图aft of amidships 自船舯向后sheer profile船体侧面图buttock纵剖图as the case may be根据具体情况而定framecross section横剖面moulded dimensions型尺度in like manner同理give particulars of描述consider假如each foot of depth of holdthe last quarter of the nineteenth century permanent means of closurefore and aft纵向地in regard togiven in a paper by Wilsonthe ability of a ship to floatoverall stability整体稳性unless other wisespoken of asinitial heelinitial inclineinitially unstableupright verticaltend tocross section 横剖面tangential force 次要的力wall-sided直舷的list 侧倾a limited extent有限的程度，某种程度give rise to引起，导致，造成elevation and depression of the free surface自由面上升或下降as it would bewhat it would becompeting influencerectangular box矩形盒dynamic interaction动态交互作用build into使成为……一部分planning code设计建造规范distinct shouldermore often and earlier往往早于hold as举行project from从……突出来，伸出来in the simplest formtake advantage of the variationright angle直角absolute pressure绝对压力advanced cavitationfully developed cavitation noiseunderwater profile水下部分侧视图a set course一条设定的路线in a rough sense粗略地讲near-universal gear准万向舵机be turned to变成located along位于，沿flanking rudder侧翼舵，倒车舵more generallynatural frequency固有频率mass term质量项coupling耦合proceeding furtherOperation Management and Maintenance 运行管理与维护in an limited sensepartial to nearly 偏近no further than 比什么不远 ... 远远不如什么go no further than thatthe bulk of大部分operational attitude作战高度in common usestated as表示为overall stability整体稳性unless other wisespoken of asdispatch vesselvariation变化a range of propeller r.p.m.一系列螺旋桨转速self-propulsion point自航点the correct speed修正速度follow as等于on a consistent basis一致的基础上in particular尤其，特别in practice实际上，实践中propeller revolutions螺旋桨转数as regards关于，在……方面measured mile测标间距，标柱浬距，船速校验线nautical mile海里on a course依次normal to垂直于wake-adapted propellers适应伴流螺旋桨model basins模型试验池prescribed programs规定的程序in accordance with 与…一致，依照；禀承；秉承；因or otherwise或相反EHP 有效马力more recently最近以来screw sloop螺杆单桅帆船3 displacements三种排量jet engine喷气发动机jet efflux喷流，射流imping入射immediate vicinity紧邻hydraulic load measuring capsules液压负荷测量舱measured mile distancesbituminous aluminiuma range of一系列；一些；一套plasitc composition塑料混合物twin screw双推进器shaft bossing 轴包套scaling up 按比例增加；增大比例lower flange底部凸缘be subject to 易受…的；惯患…的work as充当secondary bending 二次弯曲loadings 载荷stores贮存品shaft strut艉轴架stern tube 尾轴管panel平板，面板shell，plating，floor，platefloor 地板;肋板;平甲板;海底;台面;箱底inplane shear 面内剪切racking loadkingpost主柱,主梁rigidity 刚性progressive flooding 连续浸水applicable load所施加的载荷frame构架stringer 纵梁section modulus剖面模数moment of inertia转动惯量edge restraint边缘约束comprehensive finite-element综合有限元in addition to除……之外in conjunction with 与协力thermal effect 热效应mathematical techniques数学方法matrix method矩阵法in effect 实际上、实质上numerical methods计算方法optimum design最佳设计，最优设计，优化设计objective function目标函数constraint condition约束条件web frame 强肋骨numbered panel编号板fully stressed design 全应力設計allowable stress 容许应力，许用应力shear buckling 剪切性屈曲scantling船体构件尺寸mechanical fitnesswith a view to为了，为的是；目的在于closing appliances关闭装置rounded gunwale 修圆的舷边as of截止，自……起，在……时associate member附属会员to date至今，直到今天，到目前为止；迄今pump room 泵房range from to 在……中变化steam temperature蒸汽温度，汽温调节correspondence group信函往来组governing body主管团体，主管部门，监管组织control over 控制，操控……能力scantling rules 船材尺度法则good practice 良好的做法preservative coating 防腐涂料full thickness全厚度panel size 拼板尺寸lay down安装、建造、铺设forming operation成形操作spatial disposition 空间排列plate keel平板龙骨sloping margin plate倾斜边板set with用……修饰……molded dimension 船舶型尺度be set to被定在；被设为stringer纵桁stringer strake 甲板边板inner edge 内缘midships section 舯横剖面rudder tile舵瓦frame line肋骨型线more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状复杂bulb plate 球扁钢butt weld对接焊接fillet weld填角焊接at one level在某种程度上rackingalignment clockback-up支持，倒退visual measurement 目测abrupt change 突然变化flat bar扁钢compensating for a cutintervening deck中间甲板watertight envelope水密外壳conform to遵守，依照，符合，顺应design practice设计，设计原则land borne cargo 陆运货物geometries几何体in a statistical sense统计意义上deck wetness 甲板浸湿性wave-induced load 波浪感生载荷repeated bending反复弯曲seagoing vessel 海船，远洋船in a seaway 在海浪中away from 远离a quartering sea尾斜浪torsional load扭转载荷compressive stress压应力tensile stress拉应力girder梁cross section横截面；横断面；横剖面；横切面regardless of不管，不顾fastening连接；连接物；固定solid mechanics固体力学essential element要素，（生命）必需元素，主要元素standard configuration 标准设备配备，标准参数，标准配备point load 集中荷载thermal load 热负荷inertial load 惯性载荷with respect to关于，至于，相对于flexural load 弯曲载荷strain 应变shearing load 剪切载荷combined load复合载荷，组合载荷，合成载荷applied load外加负载，外施载荷dead load静载荷，固定负载repeated load交变载荷cyclic loading周期荷载，交变载荷resonant vibration 共振energy load 能量荷载ballast压载set forth阐明，陈述，说明at intervals不时，时时，相隔一定距离expansion joint 伸缩接头，伸缩缝，伸缩接口essential similarity基本相似under body 船体水下部分buffeting action抖振作用rest at集中foundation support 基座electric plant电站电气设备furnishings 室内陈设，家具a class ship 甲类船in component formmoment arms 力臂deflection挠度long-favouredquasi-steady wave 准定长波detailed plan 详图dynamic wave load动态波载荷ample design margin足够的设计余量quasi-static treatment准静态处理wave bendingat sea measurementat sea 茫然，不知所措；在海上computing resource计算资源whipping振荡two noded vibration 双节点振动wave encounter period 波浪遭遇周期design pratice设计原则floating plant水上机械设备offshore structures离岸工程结构物private owner私营业主be customized to根据要求shipping line航运公司transportation agency运输代理30 trips 30次on short notice突然，急忙，忽然an unspecified nature and amount notable exception特例，除外cargo capacity and handling equipment cargo capacity载货量，载货能力contract design packages合同设计包planning and scheduling（生产）计划安排sheet metal金属薄板，金属片section分段，部分，单元part部件，零件component组件，部件，零件handling搬运hull blocks definition船体分段划分hull blocks船体分段building site建筑工地，landing起降subassemblies组件whether of不论launching way下水方式contractual requirement合同要求prior to在……之前craft oriented技术导向的as such同样地production technique生产工艺assembly line装配线，流水线as late as直到current practice现行方法general labor普工definite commitments明确的承诺management prerogative管理特权key dates重要的日子shipway船台in depth彻底地，深入地in this connection在这个方面building yard建筑场地plan,specification，machinery installation机械装置erection unit分段，建造分段weldment焊接件，焊接结构ultrasonic testing超声测试，超声波探伤法working plans工作计划erection procedure安装程序desired预期的，the same may be said（发生）同样的情况at best 充其量，至多standard items标准件，一般物品rigging fittings 索具配件off-the-shelf 现成产品the more standard itemsthe more complex itemsloading instruments 装载检查仪hydrodynamic rudder torque水动力转舵扭矩rudder rate舵角速度ram pressure速度压头rudder stock舵杆joiner work 细木工程floor covering地板覆层insulation work绝热工作owner furnished equipment 船东提供的设备radio equipment 无线电设备navigational equipment 航行设备washing machines and dryer洗衣机和烘干机mattresses and linens床垫和床单galley equipment and dishes厨房设备和餐具spare parts备件call upon邀请semi-submersible drilling rigs半潜式钻井平台rigid temperature严格的温度humidity control湿度控制intensive training强化训练develop working plans制定工作图纸purchasing department 采购部proceed with 继续进行ordering component parts订购零件drafting department 绘图室yard issue 船厂开工任务发布书the lead time交货时间cubic体积be reviewed to审核prior agreement 事前同意essential changes本质变化schematic diagram原理图scheduling method进度安排法overall schedule总进度polaris submarine project北极星潜艇项目inertial guidance惯性制导have no time significance没有时间意义a portion of 一部分spare time空暇时间，业余时间branching effect分叉效应work force劳动力gantt chart 甘特图multiple bar chart多条形图表accompanying key datesa time basea flow of表示“某事物的持续或连续供应”。
船舶工程名词术语
1 sea keeping performance 耐波性能2 maneuverability 操纵性3 endurance 续航力，全功率工作时间4 cargo handling 货物装载5 subdivision 分舱6 stability 稳性7 freeboard 干舷8 tonnage 吨位9 basic design 基本设计10 concept design 概念设计11 preliminary design 初步设计12 contract design 合同设计13 design spiral 设计螺旋循环方式14 bidder 投标人15 iterative process 迭代过程16 naval architecture 造船学17 feasibility study 可行性研究18 beam 船宽，梁19 depth 船深20 draft 吃水21 fullness 丰满度22 cargo cubic 货舱舱容，载货容积23 deadweight 总载重量（吨）24 talking paper 讨论文件25 light-ship 空船26 a faired set of lines 经过光顺处理的一套型线27 hull form 船形，船体外形28 frame 船肋骨，框架，桁架29 fresh water 淡水30 living and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室31 outfit 舾装32 trial 实船试验33 major ship 大型船舶34 detail design 详细设计35 ship fitter 船舶装配工36 welder 焊工37 metal worker 金属工38 machinery vendor 机械（主机）卖方39 outfitter 舾装工40 pipe fitter 管装工41 artisan 技工42 shipyard 船厂43 break bulk 件杂货44 containerized 集装箱化45 liner trade 定期班轮营运业46 tanker 油船47 bulk carrier 散装货船48 offshore drilling 离岸钻井49 drilling rig 钻架50 pipe laying barge （海底）铺管驳船51 fleets of vessels 船队52 outboard profile 侧视图53 inboard profile 纵剖面图54 general arrangement 总布置图55 hold 船舱56 crew quarters 船员居住舱57 commissary spaces 补给库舱室，粮食库58 lines 型线59 plan views 设计图60 midship section 舯横剖面61 elevations 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图，立视图，纵剖线图，海拔62 sections 剖面，横剖面63 main shafting 主轴系64 power and lighting system 动力与照明系统65 diagram 图，原理图，设计图，流程图66 ventilation and air conditioningdiagram 通风与空调敷设设计图67 normal operating condition 常规（正常）运作状况68 capacity plan 舱容图69 curves of form 各船型曲线70 floodable length curve 可浸长度曲线71 trim 纵倾72 damage stability 破损稳性73 naval architect 造船师74 naval architecture 造船工程75 categorize 分类76 aerostatic 空气静力学的77 self-induced 自身诱导的78 cushion of air 气垫79 lift fan 升力风扇80 skirt （气垫船）围裙81 air cushion vehicle 气垫船82 amphibious 两栖的83 rigid side walls 刚性侧壁84 captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船85 supper cavitating propeller 超空泡螺旋桨86 ferry 渡轮，渡口，渡运航线87 cross-channel automobileferries 横越海峡车客渡轮88 polar-exploration craft 极地考察船89 landing craft 登陆艇90 riverine warfare vessel 内河舰艇91 hydrodynamic 水动力学的92 flow pattern 流型，流线谱93 airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵94 hydrofoil 水翼95 surface piercing 穿透水面的96 strut 支柱，支撑构性97 planing hull 滑行船体98 V-section V型剖面99 deep V hull 深V型船体100 rough sea 汹涌的海浪101 buoyant 浮力的102 displacement 排水量103 common carrier 通用运输船104 trawling 拖网105 crussing range 航程106 seaworthness 适航性107 bulk oil carrier 散装油轮108 tanker 油轮109 supertanker 超级油轮110 LCC（Large Crude Carrier）大型原油轮（载重10～20万吨）111 VLCC（Very Large Crude Carrier）巨型（原）油轮（载重量>20万吨）112 ULCC（Ultra Large Crude Carrier）超级大型（原）油轮（载重量>40万吨）113 SWATH（Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull）小水线面双体船114 multihull vessel 多体船115 catamaran 双体船116 trimaran 三体船117 launch 发射，下水118 launching equipment （向水中）投放设备119 configuration 安排，构型，配置120 submersible 潜器121 endurance 续航力122 payload 有效载荷123 merchant ship 商船124 survivability 生存力125 babitability 适居性126 commercial ship 营利用船127 freight rate 运费率128 life-cycle cost 生命周期成本129 acquisition cost 购置（获取）成本130 pleasure ship 游乐用船131 naval ship 军船132 liner 定期航班船133 tugboat 拖船134 hostile sea 凶险的波浪135 oil-rig 钻井架136 roll-on/ro-off（Ro-Ro）滚装137 aircraft carrier 航空母舰138 guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰139 destroyer 驱逐舰140 at-sea replenishment 海上补给141 reenlistment 重征服役142 icebreaker 破冰船143 Coast Guard cutte （美国）海岸警备队快艇144 principal dimensions 主尺度145 perpendicular （船艏、艉）柱，垂直的，正交的146 forward/after perpendicular 艏/艉柱147 length between Perpendicular 两柱间长148 stem 船艏149 summer load water line 夏季载重水线150 rudder post 舵柱151 pintle 销，枢轴152 dock 泊靠153 length overall 总长154 overhang 外悬155 stern 艉156 rake 倾斜157 bulbous bow 球鼻艏158 trim 纵倾159 amidships 舯160 breadth moulded 型宽161 breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽度162 shell planting 船壳板163 fender 护舷164 quay （横）码头，停泊所165 depth 船深166 rounded gunwale （修圆的舷边）167 sheer （甲板）舷弧168 sheer forward 艏舷弧169 sheer aft 艉舷弧170 deck line at side 甲板边线171 camber 梁拱172 drainage 排（泄）水173 rise of floor 底升174 bilge 舭，舱底175 flat of keel 平板龙骨176 rivet 铆接，铆钉177 girder 桁梁，桁架178 bevel 折角179 bar 型材，材180 tumble home （船侧）内倾181 seakeeping 适航性182 base line 基线183 trim by the stern/bow 艏/艉倾184 bar keel 棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨185 draught（=draft）吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力186 imperial unit 英制单位187 metric unit 公制单位188 hog 中拱189 sag 中垂190 dry dock 干船坞191 freeboard 干舷192 weather deck 露天甲板193 seaworthness 适航性194 Load Line Regulations 载重线公约、规范195 sheer profile 纵剖线196 accommodation 居住（舱室）197 bilge radius 舭半径198 reserve buoyancy 储备浮力199 heel 横倾200 Superstructure 上层建筑201 deckhouse 舱面室，甲板室202 surmount 顶上覆盖，越过203 middle line plane 中线面204 sheer plane 水线面205 keel 龙骨206 transverse section 横剖面207 orthogonal 正交的，矩形的208 body plan 横剖面图209 by convention 按照惯例，按约定210 half breadth plan 半宽图211 lines plan 型线图212 sheer drawing 剖面图213 load waterplane 载重水线面214 slice 一部分，薄片215 intersection 交点，交叉，横断（切）216 fore/aft perpendicular 艏/艉柱217 vicinity 邻近，附近218 length between perpendiculars 垂线间长219 maximum beam amidships 舯最大宽220 tumble home 内倾221 flare 外飘，外张222 rake 倾斜，倾斜度，倾斜角223 conspicuous 显著的，值得注意的224 funnel 烟囱225 deck camber 甲板梁拱226 concave 凹，凹的，拱形的227 mast 桅杆228 stem contour 艏柱型线229 heel 横倾230 yaw 艏摇231 drift 漂移，偏航232 Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线233 conceive 设想，想象234 impression 模槽，型腔，印痕，印象235 appendage 附体236 abaft 朝向船尾237 rudder 舵238 bilge 舭239 circumscribe 外接，外切240 rectangle 矩形241 yacht 快艇242 midship section coefficient 舯横剖面系数243 block coefficient 方形系数244 longitudinal prismatic coefficient 纵向菱形系数245 vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向菱形系数246 cross-sectional area 横剖面面积247 Lloyd’s Rules 劳埃德（船级社）规范248 adopt 采用249 principal dimensions 主尺度250 length overall 总长251 port 左舷252 starboard 右舷253 freeboard 干舷254 beam 船身最大宽，横梁255 girder 桁，梁256 chine 舭，舷，脊257 soft chine 圆舭258 hard chine 尖舭259 transom（stern）方尾260 cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾261 ship form 船型262 lines plan 型线图263 orthogonal 正交的264 body section 横剖图265 division 站，划分，分隔266 base, base line 基线267 water line 水线268 sheer profile 纵剖图269 buttock 后体纵剖线270 bow line 前体纵剖线271 fair 光顺272 offsets 型值273 lift offsets 量取型值274 （to）run the waterlines 绘制水线275 batten 压条276 drawing office 绘图室277 scale 缩尺，尺度，尺278 mould loft 放样间279 shipyard 船厂280 full scale 全尺度281 loft floor 放样台282 contracted scale 缩尺283 mark out 划线，划记号284 pin 钉，销285 moulded line 型线286 in strake 内列板287 out strake 外列板288 in way of…在……处289 wing shaft 侧轴290 shaft bossing 轴包套291 stiffen 加劲，加强292 frame 框架，肋骨293 shaft bracket 轴支架294 appendage 附件，附体295 cross section 横剖面296 amidships 在舯部，舯297 parallel middle body 平行中体298 fine fast ship 纤细（细长）高速船299 abaft 朝船尾300 entrance 进流段301 run 去流段302 forward/after shoulder 前/后肩303 buoyancy 浮力304 load waterline 载重水险305 from coefficient 船形系数306 block coefficient 方形系数307 bulk carrier 散装货船308 prismatic coefficient 菱形系数309 immerse 浸入，浸没310 circumsection 外切311 midship area coefficient 舯横剖面系数312 waterplane area coefficient 水线面积系数313 prism 棱柱体314 vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向菱形系数315 U-form U型316 V-shaped V形的317 full form 丰满船型318 fine form 瘦长（细长）船型319 classification society 船级社320 governmental authorities 政府当局，管理机构321 ship owner 船东322 underwriter 货主323 risk （海运）保险商324 Lloyd’s Register of shipping （英国）劳埃德船级社325 Department of Trade （英国）贸易部326 Board of Trade （英国）贸易厅327 standard 规章328 supervision of the society’s surveyor 船级社验船师的监造书329 Lloyd’s machinery certificate （LMC）劳埃德（船舶）机械证书330 register （船舶）登录簿，船名录331 fire protection, detection and extinction 防火，探火与灭火332 liquefied gas carrier 液化气运输船333 Green Book （船级社）绿皮书，（19世纪英国另一船级社的船名录，现合并于劳埃德船级社，用于登陆快速远洋船）334 ton gross= gross ton 长吨=1.016公吨335 dredge 挖泥船336 hopper barge （自动）倾卸板337 scantling 材积338 casualty 事故，死伤，灾难339 corrosion 锈蚀，腐蚀340 Bureau Veritas （法国）船级社341 American Bureau Shipping （美国）船级社342 Germanischer Lloyd （德国）劳埃德船级社343 Registo Italiano Navade （意大利）船级社344 International Association of Classification Society （IACS）国际船级社联合会345 to vet proposals 审查新建议346 legislation 立法347 Merchant Shipping Acts 商业运输法348 life saving appliance 救生设备349 carriage of grain cargoes 谷类货物运输机350 introduces a bill 提出一项议案351 Plimsoll line 普林索尔载重线352 reserve buoyancy 储备浮力353 freeboard deck 干舷甲板354 athwart ships （船）横向355 Type A ship A类船356 gasketed openings 装以密封垫的开口357 compartment 舱室358 tabular freeboard 列成表格的干舷船359 Suez Canal tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位限制360 Panama Canal 巴拿马运河361 Stringent safety regulations 严格的安全规章362 maritime 海事的，海运的，靠海的，延海的363 titanic 巨大的364 the Titanic 泰坦尼克号365 maiden voyage 处女航366 flood 进水，泛滥367 Inter-national Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea（ICSOLAS）海上生命安全性国际公约368 permanent body 永久性组织机构369 aegis 保护，庇护370 Inter-governmental Maritime Consultive Organization（IMCO）国际政府间海事质询组织371 The Register of Shipping of the People’s Republic of China中国船舶检验局372 static equilibrium 静平衡373 neutral equilibrium 中性平衡374 upright position 正浮位置375 homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体376 capsize 倾覆377 resultant 合力378 couple 力矩，力偶379 positive righting moment 正扶正力矩380 righting arm 扶正力臂，恢复力臂381 capsizing moment 倾覆力矩382 met center 稳心383 list 倾斜，倾侧384 stable equilibrium 稳定平衡385 criterion 判据，准则386 overall stability 总体稳性387 initial stability at small angle of inclination 小倾角初稳性388 met centric height 稳心高389 off-center loading 偏离中心的装载390 port 左舷391 starboard 右舷392 lighter 港驳船393 watertight integrity 水密完整性394 crucial element 重要因素395 intact stability 完整稳性396 barge 驳船397 ship hydrodynamics 船舶水动力学398 transverse stability 横稳性399 appendage 附体400 frictional resistance 摩擦阻力401 eddy 旋涡402 gradient 梯度403 wetted surface 湿表面积404 Reynolds number 雷诺数405 wave-making resistance 兴波阻力406 eddy-making resistance 旋涡阻力407 extrapolate 外插408 residuary resistance 剩余阻力409 speed-to-length ratio 速长比410 nautical mile 海里411 bow wave 艏波412 wave pattern 波型413 stern wave 艉波414 fair 光顺415 hole 水（流）深凹处416 mid-body （船）中体417 shoulder 船肩418 crest（of wave）波峰419 trough 波谷420 bulb 球鼻首421 bracket 轴支架，支架422 buoyancy 浮力423 viscosity 粘性424 streamline 流线425 curvature 曲率426 paddle 桨427 oar 橹；桨428 paddle-wheel-propelled 明轮推进的429 Admiralty 海军部，海军上将430 barge 驳船431 double-acting steam cylinder 双向作用的一、船舶种类1、一般ship, vessel 船舶，船warship 舰boat, craft 艇raft, float 筏naval ship 军用船civil ship, merchant ship 民用船2、战斗舰艇combatant ship 战斗舰艇，军舰surface combatant ship 水面战斗舰艇aircraft carrier 航空母舰attack aircraft carrier 攻击航空母舰antisubmarine aircraft carrier 反潜航空母舰helicopter carrier 直升机母舰cruiser 巡洋舰guided missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰destroyer 驱逐舰guided missile destroyer 导弹驱逐舰frigate 护卫舰guided missile frigate 导弹护卫舰antisubmarine frigate 反潜护卫舰minelayer 布雷舰guided missile boat 导弹艇torpedo boat 鱼雷艇submarine chaser 猎潜艇gun boat 炮艇landing ship 登陆舰dock landing ship 坞式登陆舰landing craft 登陆艇minesweeper 扫雷舰minesweeper, minesweeping boat 扫雷艇remote control minesweeper 遥控扫雷艇submarine 潜艇guided missile submarine 导弹潜艇ballistic missile submarine 弹道导弹潜艇cruising missile submarine 飞航导弹潜艇torpedo submarine 鱼雷潜艇nuclear-powered submarine 核潜艇conventionally-powered submarine 常规潜艇3、辅助舰船auxiliary ship 辅助舰船repair ship 修理舰training ship 训练舰tender, depot ship 供应舰replenishment ship 补给舰scout ship, reconnaissance ship 侦察船target vessel 靶船remote control target boat 遥控靶艇torpedo recovery vessel 捞雷船degaussing ship, demagnetizing ship 消磁船hospital ship 医院船research ship, test vessel 研究试验船instrumented tracking and telemetry ship 跟踪遥测船underwater acoustics research ship 水声试验船patrol boat 巡逻艇bridge boat, pontoon raft 浮桥舟4、运输船transport ship 运输船passenger ship 客船passenger cargo vessel 客货船cargo ship, freight vessel 货船dry cargo ship 干货船bulk cargo carrier 散货船bulk grain carrier 散粮船cement carrier 散装水泥船collier, coal carrier 运煤船ore carrier 矿砂船dual-purpose carrier, oil and bulk carrier, oil and ore carrier 两用散货船triple-purpose carrier, oil-bulk and ore carrier 三用散货船general cargo ship 杂货船liquid cargo ship 液货船oil tanker, tanker 油船liquid chemical tanker 液体化学品船liquefied（liquified）natural gas carrier 液化天然气船refrigerated ship, cold storage ship 冷藏船fruit carrier 运水果船meat carrier 运肉船container ship 集装箱船full container ship 全集装箱船semi-container ship 半集装箱船roll-on/roll-off ship, drive-on/drive-off ship 滚装船barge carrier, lighter aboard ship 载驳船automobile carrier 运汽车船timber carrier 运木船cattle carrier 牲畜船ferry 渡船passenger ferry 旅客渡船freight ferry 货物渡船train ferry 列车渡船automobile ferry 汽车渡船barge, lighter 驳船passenger barge 客驳freight barge, cargo barge 货驳integrated barge 分节驳large opening barge 舱口驳open barge 敞舱驳covered barge, deck barge 甲板驳well-deck barge 半舱驳5、工程船working ship 工程船ocean development ship 海洋开发船self-elevating drilling platform 自升式钻井平台jack-up self-elevating drilling platform 桩腿自升式钻井平台shoe self-elevating drilling platform 桩靴自升式钻井平台mat self-elevating drilling platform 沉垫自升式钻井平台bottom supporting drilling platform 定柱沉垫式钻井平台floating drilling rig 浮式钻井装置semi-submersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井装置drilling ship 钻井船center-mooring drilling ship 中心锚泊钻井船drilling barge 钻井驳船swamp drilling barge 沼泽地钻井驳船drilling tender 钻井辅助船dredger 挖泥船suction dredger 扬吸挖泥船trailing suction hopper dredger 耙吸式挖泥船cutter suction dredger 绞吸式挖泥船dustpan suction dredger 冲吸式挖泥船jet lift dredger 喷射挖泥船bucket dredger 链斗挖泥船sand pump bucket dredger 自扬链斗挖泥船overhead bucket dredger 高架链斗挖泥船self-propelled bucket dredger 自航链斗挖泥船grab dredger 抓斗挖泥船self-propelled grab hopper dredger 自航抓斗挖泥船dipper dredger 铲斗挖泥船amphi dredger 两栖挖泥船mud lighter 泥驳elevater barge 封底泥驳hopper barge 开底泥驳side hopper barge 侧开泥驳split type dump hopper barge 对开泥驳floating crane, derrick boat 起重船slew type floating crane 转机式起重船fixed type floating crane 定机式起重船luff type floating crane 定机变幅式起重船floating pile driver piler 打桩船floating sand piler 砂桩打桩船floating pile presser 压桩船layer 布设船danlayer, buoy（age）vessel 布标船dan boat 航标工作船cable layer, cable ship 布缆船pipelaying barge, pipeline layer 铺管船bury barge 埋管船salvage and rescue ship 打捞救生船salvage and rescue ship 救捞船salvage barge 救捞驳船rescue tug 救助拖船rescue ship 救生船submarine rescue vessel 援潜救生船high speed life boat 救生快艇deep submergence rescue vehicle 深潜救生艇floating dock 浮船坞single unit floating dock 整体式浮船坞pontoon floating dock 浮箱式浮船坞three-piece type floating dock 三段式浮船坞integrated floating dock 组合式浮船坞surveying ship 测量船ice-breaker 破冰船sweeper 扫海船underwater drilling and blasting ship 炸礁船rock crusher 碎石船light boat 灯标船barge unloading suction dredger 吹泥船floating booster stating 接力泵船drilling ship 钻探船stone dumper 抛石船floating concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌船diving vessel, divers boat 潜水工作船generating ship 电站船repair ship 修理船distilling ship 海水淡化船dredger 采矿船gold dredger 采金船anchor boat 起锚船floating living quarter 住宿船self-elevating platforms for civil engineering 水上施工平台6、渔业船fisheries 渔业船fisheries guidance ship 渔业指导船fisheries administration ship 鱼政船fisheries inspection boat 渔业监督船fisheries rescue ship 渔业救助船fisheries rescue ship 渔船trawler 拖网渔船bull trawler 对拖网渔船single trawler 单拖网渔船stern ramp trawler 尾滑道拖网渔船seine netter 围网渔船gill netter 刺网渔船square netter 敷网渔船line fishing boat, liner 钓渔船pole and line fishing boat 竿钓渔船trolling boat, troller 拖钓渔船long liner 延绳钓渔船squid angling boat 鱿鱼钓渔船fishing sailer 风帆渔船fishing motor sailer 机帆渔船whaling ship 捕鲸船combination fishing vessel 多种作业渔船pearl boat 海珍品采集船fisheries auxiliary vessel 渔业辅助船fishery mother ship 渔业基地船fish factory ship 渔业加工船whale factory ship 捕鲸母船fisheries tender 渔业补给船buy boat 收鲜船refrigerated seawater fish carrier冷海水保险运输船live fish carrier 活鱼运输船fish luring light boat, lurker 诱鱼灯船二、船舶总布置1、一般ships general arrangement 船舶总布置interior arrangement 舱室布置arrangement of shipboard weapons 武备布置stairway and passageway arrangement 梯道布置engine room arrangement 机舱布置shafting arrangement 轴系布置compartment 舱space 舱室2、甲板、平台、通道bridge deck 驾驶甲板compass deck 罗经甲板boat deck 艇甲板promenade deck 游步甲板accommodation deck 起居甲板vehicle deck 车辆甲板flight deck 飞行甲板angled deck 斜角甲板helicopter deck 直升机甲板hangar deck 机库甲板tank deck 坦克甲板winch platform 起货甲板gun platform 火炮甲板passage passageway 通道interior passageway 内通道exterior passageway 外通道3、工作和设备舱室wheel house 驾驶室chart room 海图室coding room 译电室radio room 报务室spare radio room 备用报务室radar room 雷达室sonar control room 声纳室combat information center 情报中心fire director room, weapon control room 指挥仪室main engine room 主机舱main engine control room 主机操纵室auxiliary engine room 辅机舱reactor room 反应堆舱boiler room 锅炉舱engine and boiler room 机炉舱reduction gear room 减速器舱steering engine room 舵机舱fan room 通风机舱commutator room 变流机舱air-conditioning unit room 空调室emergency generator room 应急发电机室refrigerator room 冷冻机室fire-smothering unit room 灭火装置室battery room 蓄电池室gyro-compass room 陀螺罗经室log room 计程仪室missile magazine 导弹舱magazine 弹药舱depth charge magazine 深弹舱depth charge rack room 深弹滚架舱ammunition lobby 弹药运转间sonar transducer room 声纳舱workshop 机修间electrician’s store 电工间carpenter’s store 木工间chain locker 锚链舱mast house 桅室decontamination room 洗消室4、生活舱室living accommodation 生活舱室living accommodation 居住舱室captain’s room 船长室crew’s room 船员室cabin 客舱political commissar’s room 政委室political officer’s room 政委室group commander’s room 编队指挥员室captain’s room 舰长室vice captain’s room 副长室officer’s room 干部室crew’s accommodation 士兵舱5、货舱cargo hold 货舱cargo oil tank 货油舱container hold 集装箱舱refrigerated cargo hold 冷藏货舱liquified natural gas tank 液化天然气舱mail room 邮件舱luggage room 行李舱vehicle hold 汽车舱6、液舱liquid tank 液舱fuel oil tank 燃油舱lubricating oil tank 滑油舱overflow fuel oil tank 燃油溢油舱overflow lubricating oil tank 滑油溢油舱fuel oil sump tank 污燃油舱lubricating oil sump tank 污滑油舱circulating lubricating oil tank 循环滑油舱ballast water tank 压载水舱fresh water tank 淡水舱distilled-water tank 蒸馏水舱feed water tank 锅炉水舱stabilizing tank , anti-rolling tank 减摇水舱bilge tank 污水舱7、贮藏室store 贮藏室awning store 天幕贮藏室lamp store 灯具贮藏室hawser store 帆缆间paint store 油漆间provision store 粮食库refrigerating chamber 冷藏库8、其他fore peak 首尖舱after peak 尾尖舱bottom side tank 底边舱top side tank 顶边舱wing tank 边舱lower hold 底舱double-bottom compartment 双层底舱cofferdam 隔离空舱command station 总指挥所secondary command station 预备指挥所三、船体几何形状和尺度1、一般molded hull surface 船体型表面ship’s form, hull form 船体线型molded volume, volume of molded form 型排水体积bare hull, naked hull 裸船体appendages 附体2、基准面和基准线principal coordinate planes 主坐标平面base plane 基平面center（-line）plane, central longitudinal plane, longitudinal middle（-line）plane 中线面midstation plane 中站面molded base line 基线3、船体尺度principal dimensions 主尺度length overall, overall length 总长extreme length 最大长length between perpendiculars 垂线间长length overall submerged 浸体长waterline length 水线长designed waterline length 设计水线长load waterline length 满载水线长molded breadth 型宽waterline breadth 水线宽designed waterline breadth 设计水线宽extreme breadth 最大宽breadth overall submerged 浸体宽molded depth 型深draft 吃水molded draft 型吃水keel draft 龙骨吃水designed draft 设计吃水fore draft 首吃水aft draft 尾吃水mean draft 平均吃水navigational draft 外形吃水loaded draft 满载吃水light draft 空载吃水draft mark 吃水标志4、型线图与几何形状lines plan 型线图body plan 横剖面图sheer plan 纵剖面图half breadth plan 半宽水线图forward perpendicular 首垂线after perpendicular 尾垂线grid 格子线ordinate station 站midstation 中站station ordinates 站线molded lines 型线mathematical lines 数学型线offsets 型值preliminary offsets 原始型值returned offsets, finished offsets 完工型值table of offsets 型值表preliminary table of offsets 原始型值表returned table of offsets, finished table of offsets 完工型值表transverse sections 横剖面midship section, amidship section 中横剖面maximum section, fullest section 最大横剖面waterplane 水线面buttocks 纵剖线body lines 横剖线diagonal 斜剖线bilge diagonal 舭斜剖线profile 外廓线waterline 水线designed waterline 设计水线loaded waterline 满载水线parallel middle-body length 平行中体长length of entrance 进流段长length of run 去流段长half angle of entrance 半进流角deck line 甲板线deck line at side, deck side line 甲板边线deck line at center, deck center line 甲板中线sheer line 舷弧线molded depth line 舷弧基准线sheer 舷弧sheer at forward perpendicular 首舷弧sheer at after perpendicular 尾舷弧average sheer, mean sheer 平均舷弧sheer at deck center 脊弧camber, round of beam 梁拱camber curve 梁拱线deadrise, rise of floor, rise of bottom 舭部升高bilge radius 舭部半径keel line 龙骨线rake of keel, keel rake, designed drag, keel drag 龙骨设计斜度half-siding 龙骨水平半宽floor line 船底斜升线knuckle line 折角线tumble home 内倾flare 外倾flare 外飘immersed transom beam 方尾浸宽immersed transom draft 方尾浸深5、船型系数与尺度比coefficients of form 船型系数block coefficient 方形系数prismatic coefficient longitudinal coefficient, cylindrical coefficient 棱形系数vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向棱形系数waterline coefficient waterplane coefficient 水线面系数midship section coefficient 中横剖面系数length breadth ratio 长宽比length depth ratio 长深比breadth depth ratio 宽深比breadth draft ratio 宽度吃水比draft depth ratio 吃水型深比6、船体各部位fore body 前体after body 后体parallel waterline 水线平行段waterline beginning 水线前段waterline ending 水线后段parallel middle body 平行中体entrance 进流段run 去流段shoulder 肩forward shoulder 前肩after shoulder 后肩bilge 舭soft chine 圆舭hard chine 尖舭transom 方尾端面overhang 悬伸部counter 尾伸部forefoot 首踵aftfoot 尾踵bossing, shaft bossing, shell bossing 轴包套short bossing 短轴包套long bossing 长轴包套deadwood 尾鳍7、船的首、尾及剖面型式clipper bow, fiddle bow, cutwater bow, knee bow, overhanging bow 飞剪型首raked bow 前倾型首vertical bow 直立型首icebreaker bow 破冰型首bulbous bow, bulb bow 球鼻型首elliptical stern 椭圆型尾transom stern 方型尾cruiser stern 巡洋舰型尾tunnel stern 隧道型尾bulb section 球臌型剖面U-shaped section U型剖面V-shaped section V型剖面四、船舶重量和容积量度1、排水量与重量displacement 排水量molded displacement 型排水量total displacement 总排水量light displacement, light weight 空载排水量light weight （or mass）, light displacement 空船重量（或质量）standard displacement 标准排水量normal displacement 正常排水量full load displacement,loaded displacement 满载排水量maximum displacement 最大排水量designed displacement 设计排水量displacement margin 储备排水量total deadweight, gross deadweight 载重量cargo deadweight, net capacity, useful. deadweight 净载重量deadweight displacement ratio 载重系数ballast 压载2、吨位与吨位丈量tonnage 吨位register ton, vessel ton, ton 登记吨gross tonnage 总吨位net tonnage 净吨位register tonnage 登记吨位suez canal tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位panama canal tonnage 巴拿马运河吨位underdeck tonnage 甲板下吨位tween-deck tonnage 甲板间吨位tonnage of hatchways 舱口吨位tonnage measurement 吨位丈量tonnage certificate,certificate of admeasurement 吨位证书tonnage mark 吨位标志register length 登记长度register breadth 登记宽度register depth 登记深度tonnage deck 量吨甲板tonnage length 量吨长度tonnage depth 量吨深度tonnage breadth 量吨宽度exempted space 免除处所deducted space 减除处所propelling power space 推进机械处所enclosure 围蔽处所3、干舷与载重线freeboard 干舷freeboard deck 干舷甲板loadline 载重线loadline mark 载重线标志deadweight scale, displacement scale 载重量表尺4、容积与积载tank capacity 液舱容积cargo capacity 货舱容积grain capacity, grain cargo capacity, grain cubic 散装舱容积bale cargo capacity, bale capacity, bale measure, bale cubic 包装舱容broken stowage, breakage 亏损舱容ullage 膨胀舱容capacity curve 容积曲线capacity plan 舱容图stowage 积载stowage factor 积载因数七、船体结构1、一般hull 船体hull structure, ship structure 船体结构main hull 主船体shell plate 外板strake 列板in and out system 内外搭接式inner strake 内列板outer strake 外列板clinker system 鱼鳞式joggled plating 折曲式flush system 平接式framing 骨架transverse system of framing 横骨架式longitudinal system of framing 纵骨架式combination system of framing 混合骨架式ice strengthening 冰区加强ice belt 冰区带girder, stringer 纵桁longitudinal 纵骨2、船底结构single bottom 单底double bottom 双层底keel 龙骨bar keel 方龙骨plate keel 平板龙骨bottom plate 船底板garboard strake 龙骨翼板bilge strake 舭列板floor, bottom transverse 肋板solid floor 主肋板bracket floor, open floor 框架肋板water tight floor 水密肋板oil tight floor 油密肋板bottom frame 船底肋骨bottom longitudinal 船底纵骨bottom center girder, vertical keel 中底桁duct keel 箱型中底桁bottom side girder 旁底桁half depth girder 半高底纵桁keelson 内龙骨center keelson 中内龙骨side keelson 旁内龙骨inner bottom 内底inner bottom plate 内底板margin plate 内底边板reverse frame 内底横骨inner bottom longitudinal 内底纵骨bilge bracket 舭肘板bilge well 污水井bilge keel 舭龙骨docking keel 坞龙骨3、舷侧结构side plate 舷侧外板sheer strake 舷顶列板rounded sheer strake 圆弧舷顶列板frame 肋股web frame side transverse 强肋骨main frame 主肋骨tweendeck frame 甲板间肋骨intermediate frame 中间肋骨frame spacing 肋骨间距side longitudinal 舷侧纵骨side stringer 舷侧纵桁fender 护舷材5、艏、船艉结构stem 艏柱stern frame, stern post 艉柱rudder post 舵柱propeller post 螺旋桨柱ruder horn 挂舵臂sole piece 艉柱底骨gudgeon 舵钮bow transom plate 首封板stern transom plate 尾封板boss plate 轴包板bossing, shaft bossing, shell bossing 轴包套propeller strut propeller bracket 艉轴架single armed propeller strut 单臂尾轴架A-bracket 人字架deadwood 尾鳍peak frame 尖舱肋骨cant frame 斜肋骨panting arrangement 强胸肋骨panting beam 强胸横梁anchor recess 锚穴hawse pipe 锚链筒chain pipe 锚链管anchor bed 锚床5、甲板、支柱deck 甲板strength deck 强力甲板bulkhead deck 舱壁甲板upper deck 上甲板second deck 第二甲板lower deck 下层甲板bare deck 裸甲板sheathed deck 覆材甲板raised deck 升高甲板raised fore deck 首升高甲板raised quarter deck 尾升高甲板sponson deck 舷伸甲板platform deck 平台甲板deck plate 甲板板stringer plate, deck stringer 甲板边板deck framing 甲板骨架deck beam 横梁cant beam 斜梁strong beam, deck transverse 强横梁hatch side cantilever 舱口悬臂梁hatch end beam 舱口端横梁half beam 半梁beam knee 梁肘板deck girder 甲板纵桁hatch side girder 舱口纵桁deck longitudinal 甲板纵骨stringer angle 舷边角钢hatch 舱口cargo hatch 货舱口oil tank hatch 油舱舱口escape hatch 应急舱口excess hatch 出入舱口hatch coaming 舱口围板companion 舱口围罩tank cleaning opening 洗舱孔scupper 甲板排水孔gutter way 甲板水沟breakwater 挡浪板pillar, stanchion 支柱tubular pillar 管型支柱built up pillar 组合支柱6、舱壁、轴隧、围井bulkhead 舱壁transverse bulkhead 横舱壁longitudinal bulkhead 纵舱壁centerline bulkhead 中纵舱壁slopping bulkhead 斜舱壁collision bulkhead 防撞舱壁after peak bulkhead 尾尖舱舱壁tweendeck bulkhead 甲板间舱壁watertight bulkhead 水密舱壁oil tight bulkhead 油密舱壁plane bulkhead 平面舱壁corrugated bulkhead 槽型舱壁double plate bulkhead 双板舱壁partial bulkhead 局部舱壁partition bulkhead, screen bulkhead 轻舱壁swash bulkhead 制荡舱壁swash plate 制荡板bulkhead plate 舱壁板stiffener 扶强材horizontal girder 水平桁vertical web 竖桁cross tie 边舱撑杆shaft tunnel 轴遂tunnel recess 轴遂端室trunk 围井。
NAPA船舶设计(英文翻译)
NAPA船舶设计（英文翻译）这一章总的介绍了一下船舶设计的过程，解释了从一个草稿开始到完整的船型的设计的必要步骤。
在这一章我们应该注意学习“从草图开始”的方法。
在这一章，对于很相似的型船，可以通过型船改造和参数设计来得到最初的船体曲面。
下面的插图表示了画图原理的层次。
点和角度是画图的最基本组成单位。
它们并不是单独被定义的，而是通过不同的线来定义的。
面的定义有几种方法：1.一组曲线定义的一个面。
2.平面，柱面，双柱面，旋转曲面等特殊的面。
3.部分面组成的面。
一个舱室是几个面围成的空间。
舱室可以在“SM”任务下的ship model中被定义。
1.1 船尾和船首的设计现在我们可以具体看一下船舶设计的过程。
我们先从船体的首部开始设计。
设计首部首先要定义主要的曲线。
曲线的定义是拓扑结构的，实际上，只有第一条曲线是单独定义，和其他曲线没有关系的。
第二条曲线的定义和第一条曲线有关，第三条曲线则和前两条曲线有关。
有两点可以证明这点：1.曲线之间会相交于一点。
2.当拓扑结构中的大部分重要曲线需要修正的时候改变就很容易了。
在下面的例子中，我们首先定义了主框架（FRF）线。
第二条曲线，既STEM曲线，他的起始点在FRF上。
第三条DECKF曲线,起始点在FRF上,而终点在STEM上。
剩下的曲线在下一步的设计过程中就可以被定义出来了。
这些曲线是平底龙骨线（FBF），平侧线（FSF），鼻首（SN），和其他可能的连接线。
等等。
我们以上做的外形设计，只是做了船体的一面而已。
已经设计的部分是船体的左舷，实际上系统是Y坐标为默认方向的。
如果你愿意，你也可以把默认值改为右舷。
定义完船体主曲线后，就要开始继续设计剩下的栅格了。
在这一步中，你要注意一组点的定义：1.定义的一组点要相互支持。
意思也就是定义的点应该是相交曲线的交点。
2.一组好的栅格是一组由小的方形格子组成的谐函数。
每一个小方块都是组成曲面的一个基本单位。
栅格大小在曲面里是有限制的，在平面里栅格则可以很大。
船舶专业外文翻译--船舶设计优化
Ship Design OptimizationThis contribution is devoted to exploiting the analogy between a modern manufacturing plant and a heterogeneous parallel computer to construct a HPCN decision support tool for ship designers. The application is a HPCN one because of the scale of shipbuilding - a large container vessel is constructed by assembling about 1.5 million atomic components in a production hierarchy. The role of the decision support tool is to rapidly evaluate the manufacturing consequences of design changes. The implementation as a distributed multi-agent application running on top of PVM is described1 Analogies between Manufacturing and HPCNThere are a number of analogies between the manufacture of complex products such as ships, aircraft and cars and the execution of a parallel program. The manufacture of a ship is carried out according to a production plan which ensures that all the components come together at the right time at the right place. A parallel computer application should ensure that the appropriate data is available on the appropriate processor in a timely fashion.It is not surprising, therefore, that manufacturing is plagued by indeterminacy exactly as are parallel programs executing on multi-processor hardware. This has caused a number of researchers in production engineering to seek inspiration in other areas where managing complexity and unpredictability is important. A number of new paradigms, such as Holonic Manufacturing and Fractal Factories have emerged [1,2] which contain ideas rather reminiscent of those to be found in the field of Multi- Agent Systems [3, 4].Manufacturing tasks are analogous to operations carried out on data, within the context of planning, scheduling and control. Also, complex products are assembled at physically distributed workshops or production facilities, so the components must be transported between them. This is analogous to communication of data between processors in a parallel computer, which thus also makes clear the analogy between workshops and processors.The remainder of this paper reports an attempt to exploit this analogy to build a parallel application for optimizing ship design with regard to manufacturing issues.2 Shipbuilding at Odense Steel ShipyardOdense Steel Shipyard is situated in the town of Munkebo on the island of Funen. It is recognized as being one of the most modern and highly automated in the world. It specializes in building VLCC's (supertankers) and very large container ships. The yard was the first in the world to build a double hulled supertanker and is currently building an order of 15 of the largest container ships ever built for the Maersk line. These container ships are about 340 metres long and can carry about 7000 containers at a top speed of 28 knots with a crew of 12.Odense Steel Shipyard is more like a ship factory than a traditional shipyard. The ship design is broken down into manufacturing modules which are assembled and processed in a number of workshops devoted to, for example, cutting, welding and surface treatment. At any one time, up to 3 identical ships are being built and a new ship is launched about every 100 days.The yard survives in the very competitive world of shipbuilding by extensive application of information technology and robots, so there are currently about 40 robots at the yard engaged in various production activities. The yard has a commitment to research as well, so that there are about 10 industrial Ph.D. students working there, who are enrolled at various engineering schools in Denmark.3 Tomorrow's Manufacturing SystemsThe penetration of Information Technology into our lives will also have its effect in manufacturing industry. For example, the Internet is expected to become the dominant trading medium for goods. This means that the customer can come into direct digital contact with the manufacturer.The direct digital contact with customers will enable them to participate in the design process so that they get a product over which they have some influence. The element of unpredictability introduced by taking into account customer desires increases the need for flexibility in the manufacturing process, especially in the light of the tendency towards globalization of production. Intelligent robot systems, such as AMROSE, rely on the digital CAD model as the primary source of information about the work piece and the work cell [5,6].This information is used to construct task performing, collision avoiding trajectories for the robots, which because of the highprecision of the shipbuilding process, can be corrected for small deviations of the actual world from the virtual one using very simple sensor systems. The trajectories are generated by numerically solving the constrained equations of motion for a model of the robot moving in an artificial force field designed to attract the tool centre to the goal and repell it from obstacles, such as the work piece and parts of itself. Finally, there are limits to what one can get a robot to do, so the actual manufacturing will be performed as a collaboration between human and mechatronic agents.Most industrial products, such as the windmill housing component shown in Fig. 1, are designed electronically in a variety of CAD systems.Fig. 1.Showing the CAD model for the housing of a windmill. The model, made using Bentley Microstation, includes both the work-piece and task-curve geometries.4 Today's Manufacturing SystemsThe above scenario should be compared to today's realities enforced by traditional production engineering philosophy based on the ideas of mass production introduced about 100 years ago by Henry Ford. A typical production line has the same structure as a serial computer program, so that the whole process is driven by production requirements. This rigidity is reflected on the types of top-down planning and control systems used in manufacturing industry, which are badly suited to both complexity and unpredictability.In fact, the manufacturing environment has always been characterized by unpredictability. Today's manufacturing systems are based on idealized models where unpredictability is not taken into account but handled using complex and expensive logistics and buffering systems.Manufacturers are also becoming aware that one of the results of the top-down serial approach is an alienation of human workers. For example, some of the car manufacturers have experimented with having teams of human workers responsible for a particular car rather than performing repetitive operations in a production line. This model in fact better reflects the concurrency of the manufacturing process than the assembly line.5 A Decision Support Tool for Ship Design OptimizationLarge ships are, together with aircraft, some of the most complex things ever built. A container ship consists of about 1.5 million atomic components which are assembled in a hierarchy of increasingly complex components. Thus any support tool for the manufacturing process can be expected to be a large HPCN application.Ships are designed with both functionality and ease of construction in mind, as well as issues such as economy, safety, insurance issues, maintenance and even decommissioning. Once a functional design is in place, a stepwise decomposition of the overall design into a hierarchy of manufacturing components is performed. The manufacturing process then starts with the individual basic building blocks such as steel plates and pipes. These building blocks are put together into ever more complex structures and finally assembled in the dock to form the finished ship.Thus a very useful thing to know as soon as possible after design time are the manufacturing consequences of design decisions. This includes issues such as whether the intermediate structures can actually be built by the available production facilities, the implications on the use of material and whether or not the production can be efficiently scheduled [7].Fig.2. shows schematically how a redesign decision at a point in time during construction implies future costs, only some of which are known at the time. Thus a decision support tool is required to give better estimates of the implied costs as early as possible in the process.Simulation, both of the feasibility of the manufacturing tasks and the efficiencywith which these tasks can be performed using the available equipment, is a very compute-intense application of simulation and optimization. In the next section, we describe how a decision support tool can be designed and implemented as a parallel application by modeling the main actors in the process as agents.Fig.2. Economic consequences of design decisions. A design decision implies a future commitment of economic resources which is only partially known at design time.6 Multi-Agent SystemsThe notion of a software agent, a sort of autonomous, dynamic generalization of an object (in the sense of Object Orientation) is probably unfamiliar to the typical HPCN reader in the area of scientific computation. An agent possesses its own beliefs, desires and intentions and is able to reason about and act on its perception of other agents and the environment.A multi-agent system is a collection of agents which try to cooperate to solve some problem, typically in the areas of control and optimization. A good example is the process of learning to drive a car in traffic. Each driver is an autonomous agent which observes and reasons about the intentions of other drivers. Agents are in fact a very useful tool for modeling a wide range of dynamical processes in the real world,such as the motion of protein molecules [8] or multi-link robots [9]. For other applications, see [4].One of the interesting properties of multi-agent systems is the way global behavior of the system emerges from the individual interactions of the agents [10]. The notion of emergence can be thought of as generalizing the concept of evolution in dynamical systems.Examples of agents present in the system are the assembly network generator agent which encapsulates knowledge about shipbuilding production methods for planning assembly sequences, the robot motion verification agent, which is a simulator capable of generating collision-free trajectories for robots carrying out their tasks, the quantity surveyor agent which possesses knowledge about various costs involved in the manufacturing process and the scheduling agent which designs a schedule for performing the manufacturing tasks using the production resources available.7 Parallel ImplementationThe decision support tool which implements all these agents is a piece of Object- Oriented software targeted at a multi-processor system, in this case, a network of Silicon Graphics workstations in the Design Department at Odense Steel Shipyard. Rather than hand-code all the communication between agents and meta-code for load balancing the parallel application, abstract interaction mechanisms were developed. These mechanisms are based on a task distribution agent being present on each processor. The society of task distribution agents is responsible for all aspects of communication and migration of tasks in the system.The overall agent system runs on top of PVM and achieves good speedup and load balancing. To give some idea of the size of the shipbuilding application, it takes 7 hours to evaluate a single design on 25 SGI workstations.From：Applied Parallel Computing Large Scale Scientific and Industrial Problems Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1998, Volume 1541/1998, 476-482, DOI: 10.1007/BFb0095371 .中文翻译：船舶设计优化这一贡献致力于开拓类比现代先进制造工厂和一个异构并行计算机,构建了一种HPCN 决策支援工具给船舶设计师。
船舶设计-结构专业英语
船舶设计-结构专业英语横剖图transverse section中横剖图midship section最大横剖图maximum section中纵剖图longitudinal section in centre plan甲板线deck line甲板边线deck side line甲板中线deck centre line舷弧sheer梁拱camber梁拱线camber curve舭部bilge舭部升高deadrise舭部半径bilge radius龙骨线keelline龙骨设计斜度rake of keel龙骨折角线knuckle line of keel龙骨水平半宽half-siding折角线knuckle line隧道顶线tunnel top line首踵forefoot尾踵aftfoot轴包套shaft bossing尾轴架propeller shaft bracket 尾鳍deadwood skeg双尾鳍twin-skeg球鼻首bulbous bow椭圆尾elliptical bow方尾transom stern巡洋舰尾cruiser stern隧道尾tunnel球形尾bulbous船体hull主船体main hull船体结构hull structure甲板板架deck grillage舷侧板架side grillage船底板架bottom grillage舱壁板架bulkhead grillage 骨架framing横骨架式transverse纵骨架式longitudinal混合骨架式combined桁材girder腹板web面板face plate构件member列板strake主要构件primary member次要构件secondry member 连续构件continuous member 间段构件intercostal member 伸缩接头expansion joint冰区加强ice strengthening纵骨longitudinal纵桁longitudinal girder stringer 肘板bracket防倾肘板tripping bracket折边肘板flanged bracket贯通肘板through bracket水平肘板horizontal bracket 加强筋stiffer rib覆板doubling plate扣板gusset plate压筋板swaged plate人孔man hole扇形孔scallop流水孔drain hole流水沟gutterway透气孔air hole通焊孔clearance hole减轻孔lightening hole洗舱孔tank cleaning opening肘板连接bracket connection直接连接lug connection面板切斜连接clip connection 切斜端snip end跨距span纵骨间距spacing of longitudinals 肋距frame spacing外板shell plate方龙骨bar keel平板龙骨plate keel船底板bottom plating舭列板bilge strake舭龙骨bilge keel舷侧外板side plating舷顶列板sheer strake舷墙bulwark单底single bottom双层底double bottom内地板inner bottom plating内地边板margin plate龙骨keel中内龙骨center keelson旁内龙骨side keelson中桁材center girder旁桁材side girder箱形中桁材duct center girder半高底桁材half depth girder船底纵骨bottom longitudinal内底纵骨inner bottom longitudinal 肋板floor实肋板solid floor水密肋板water tight floor油密肋板oil tight floor组合肋板bracket floor轻型肋板lightened floor尾肋板transom floor船底横骨bottom frame内底横骨reverse frame撑材strut舭肘板bilge bracket污水井bilge well坞龙骨docking keel船侧骨架side framing肋骨frame主肋骨main frame强肋骨web frame深舱肋骨deep tank frame尖舱肋骨peak frame甲板间肋骨tweendeck frame 斜肋骨cant frame中间肋骨intermediate frame 舷侧纵骨side longitudinal 舷侧纵桁side stringer护舷材fender甲板deck覆材甲板sheathed deck强力甲板strength deck舱壁甲板bulkhead deck载货甲板cargo deck舷伸甲板sponson deck升高甲板raised deck上层建筑甲板superstructure deck甲板板deck plate甲板边板stringer plate平台platform横梁beam强横梁web beam; deck transverse舱口端梁hatch end beam舱口悬臂梁hatch side cantilever beam 甲板横桁deck transverse半梁half beam斜梁cant beam尾横梁transom beam梁肘板beam knee甲板纵桁deck girder舱口纵桁hatch side girder短纵桁carling甲板纵骨deck longitudinal管形支柱tubular pillar组合支柱built-up pillar双向桁架two-direction truss单向桁架one-direction truss舱口hatch货舱口cargo hatch应急舱口escape hatch舱口围板hatch coaming机舱棚engine room casing围井trunk围罩梯口companion挡浪板breakwater舱壁bulkhead横舱壁transverse bulkhead纵舱壁longitudinal斜舱壁sloping bulkhead中纵舱壁centerline bulkhead平面舱壁plane bulkhead槽形舱壁corrugated bulkhead 双层板舱壁double plate bulkhead 轻舱壁partition bulkhead甲板间舱壁tweendeck bulkhead 防撞舱壁collision尾尖舱舱壁aft peak bulkhead深舱舱壁deep tank bulkhead水密舱壁watertight bulkhead非水密舱壁non-watertight bulkhead 油密舱壁oiltight bulkhead防火舱壁fireproof bulkhead制荡舱壁swash plate制荡板swash plate局部舱壁partial bulkhead舱壁座bulkhead stool舱壁龛bulkhead recess舱壁板bulkhead plate舱壁骨架bulkhead framing舱壁扶强材bulkhead stiffer水平桁horizontal girder垂直桁vertical girder轴遂shaft tunnel轴遂尾室tunnel recess推力轴承龛thrust block niche主机基座main engine foundation辅机机座auxiliary seating锅炉座boiler foundation ;boiler bearer 推力轴承座thrust bearing seating首部结构bow structure首柱stem首封板bow transom plate 强胸横梁panting beam 尾部结构stern structure 尾封板stern transom plate 尾柱stern post舵柱rudder post挂舵臂rubber horn推进器柱propeller post 轴毂propeller boss尾柱底骨sole piece高肋板depth floor上层建筑superstructure 首楼forecastle桥楼bridge尾楼poop甲板室deck house围壁trunk bulkhead前端壁front bulkhead后端壁aft bulkhead炉舱棚boiler room casing 檐板curtain plate天桥connecting bridge抗扭箱torsion box船体强度hull strength总纵强度longitudinal strength扭转强度torsional strength横向强度transverse strength局部强度local strength船体板架强度hull grillage strength肋骨框架强度frame ring strength上层建筑强度superstructure strength图纸用语舷侧平台，SIDE PLATFORM舷侧水密平台WATER TIGHT PLATFORM 开孔环筋，C.S扁钢FB舷侧肋骨SF角钢BP强肋骨SSF二甲板下强肋骨F.OF POOP尾楼肋骨S.S.F. OF T.DK.舷侧纵桁S.L.G.舷侧纵骨：S.L.内壳纵骨：I.S.S.L.底斜板纵骨：I.I.L.主甲板下舷侧肋骨S.F. UN.M.DK.主甲板下强肋骨S.S.F. UN.M.DK.主甲板上舷侧肋骨S.F. AB.M.DK.主甲板上强肋骨S.S.F. AB.M.DK.平台开孔O.平台板P.P.平台纵桁P.L.G.横梁BM.基本结构图BASIC STRUCTURE PLAN 主甲板DK.P.主甲板纵桁、强梁L.G.&S.BM.主甲板纵桁、强梁L.G.&S.BM.甲板纵骨DK.L.甲板边板DK.S.P.主甲板DK.P.升高甲板纵桁、强梁L.G.&S.BM.升高甲板DK.P尾楼甲板POOP DECK内围壁I.W.内围壁扶强材S.O F I.W.侧壁S.W.后端壁扶强材S.OF B.W.后端壁B.W.前端壁扶强材S.OF F.W.前端壁F.W.艇甲板DK.P侧壁S.W.驾驶甲板DK.P实肋板S.FL.二甲板纵桁、强梁L.G.&S.BM.船底板BOT.P.平板龙骨K.P.水密肋板W.T.FL.中桁材、水密旁桁材C.G.&W.T.S.G.旁桁材S.G.内底板I.BOT.P.实肋板S.FL.船底纵骨BOT.L.内底纵骨I.BOT.L.平板龙骨K.P.船底板BOT.P.内底板I.BOT.P.槽形舱壁下非水密桁材N.W.T.G.UN.T.B.槽形舱壁下水密桁材W.T.G.UN.T.B.中桁材C.G.尾部侧形图S TERN P ROFILE侧视图S IDE VIEW正视图FORWARD VIEW。
船舶工程专业英语
船舶工程专业英语Fundamentals and New Concepts for Shipbuilding Engineering本书内容包括船舶设计、原理、结构、生产建造、造船经济等方面，通过学习，可提高相关专业英语的阅读、理解及运用水平。
本书为哈工大出版发行。
具体目录：第一章船舶设计 Ship Design概述 Introduction船舶分类 Ships Categorized主尺度 Principal Dimensions基本几何概念 Basic Geometric Concepts船形及参数 Ship Form and Form Coefficients船级社 Classification Societies第二章船舶基本原理 Ship Rudiments稳性 Equilibrium and Stability阻力 Resistance推进 Propellers and Propulsion Systems运动与操纵性 Maneuverability ,Motions and Estimating Power Requirements.船模实验 Model Testing第三章船舶结构 Ship Structure结构性能与型线的关系 The function and Design of Ship Structural Components ;Relation of Structure to Molded Lines船舶强度 Ship Strength结构应力 Ship Structural Stresses and Strength Curves结构完整性 Structural Integrity第四章船舶生产建造 Ship Production造船过程 The Shipbuilding Process计划与进度制订 Planning and Scheduling船厂与设施 Shipyard Facilities船舶CAD与CAM Ship CAD/CAM成组加工法 Group Technology第五章造船经济 Shipbuilding Economy造船工业状况 Status of the Shipbuilding Industry成本估算和合同管理 Shipbuilding Costing and Contract Arrangements合同内容 General Aspects of ContractsChapter 1 Ship DesignLesson 1 Introduction1.1 DefinitionThe term basic design (基本设计) refers to determination of major ship(大型船舶)characteristics affecting cost and performance. Thus, basic design(基本设计) includes the selection of ship dimensions, hull form(船形，船体外形）, power (amount and type), preliminary arrangement of hull and machinery, and major structure. Proper selections assure the attainment of the mission requirements such as good sea keeping performance(耐波性能), maneuverability(操纵性), the desire speed, endurance(续航力，全功率工作时间), cargo capacity, and deadweight(总载重量). Furthermore, it includes checks and modifications for achievement of required cargo handing capability, quarters, hotel services, subdivision(分舱) and stability(稳性) standards, freeboard(干舷) and tonnage(吨位) measurement; all while considering the ship as part of a profitable transportation, industrial(实船试验), or service system.o Basic design(基本设计)encompasses both concept design(概念设计) and preliminary design(初步设计). It results in the determination of major shop characteristics, permitting the preparation of initial cost estimates, In the overall design process, basic design(基本设计) if followed by contact design and detail design(详细设计). Contract design(合同设计), as its name implies, develops plans and specifications suitable for shipyard bidding and contract award. Well prepared contract plans and specifications will be clear and in sufficient detail to avoid costly contingency items and protect bidders (投标者)from obscure or inadequate description of requirements. Detail design(详细设计) is the shipyard's responsibility for further developing the contract plans as required to prepare shop drawings used for the actual constructions of the vessel.o An understanding of the entire design sequence is essential to anyone seeking to develop a basic design(基本设计). The four steps involved are illustrated in the Design spiral(设计螺旋循环方式),Evans(1959) as an iterative process(迭代过程） working from mission requirements to a detail design(详细设计), Fig.1.1. These steps are amplified further below:oa. Concept design (概念设计)The very first effort, concept design(概念设计), translates the mission requirements into naval architectural and engineering characteristics. Essentially, it embodies technical feasibility studies to determine such fundamental elements of the proposed ship as length, beam(船宽，梁), depth(船深), draft(吃水), fullness(丰满度), power, or alternative sets of characteristics, all of which meet the required speed, range, cargo cubic(货舱舱容，载货)ign solution or whatever other controlling parameters are considered determinant. The selected concept design(概念设计) then is used as a talking paper(讨论文件) for obtaining approximate construction costs, which often determine whether or not toinitiate the next level of development, the Preliminary design(初步设计).b. Preliminary design (初步设计)A ship' s preliminary design(初步设计) further refines the major ship(大型船舶) characteristics affecting cost and performance. Certain controlling factors such as length, beam(船宽，帆c. Contract design (合同设计)The contract design(合同设计) stage yields a set of plans and specificationswhich form an integral part of the shipbuilding contract document. It encompasses one or more loops around the design spiral(设计螺旋循环方式), thereby further refining the preliminary design(初步设计). This stage delineates more precisely such features as hull form(船形，船体外形) based on a faired set of lines(经过光顺处理的一套型线), powering based on model testing, sea keeping and maneuvering characteristics, the effect of number of propellers on hull form(船形，船体外形), structural details, use of different types of steel, spacing and type of frame(船肋骨，框架)s. Paramount, among the contract design(合同设计) features, is a weight and center of gravity estimate taking into account the location and weight of each major item in the ship. The final general arrangement is also developed during this stage. This fixes the overall volumes and areas of cargo, machinery, stores, fuel oil, fresh water(淡水), living and utility spaces(居住与公用舱室) and their interrelationship, as well as their relationship to other features such as cargo handling(货物装卸) equipment, and machinery components.The accompanying specifications delineate quality standards of hull and outfit(舾装) and the anticipated performance for each item of machinery and equipment. They describe the tests and trials (实船试验)that shall beperformed successfully in order that the vessel will be considered acceptable.Table 1.1 shows a typical list of plans developed in the contract design(合同设计) of a major ship(大型船舶). Smaller, less complex vessels may not require every plan listed for adequate definition, but the list does providean indication of the level of萏metal workers (金属工), machinery vendors (机械主机卖方), pipe fitters (管装工), etc. As such, they are not considered to be a part of the basic design(基本设计) process. One unique element to consider in this stage of the design is that up to this point, each phase of the design is passed from one engineering group to another.At this stage the interchange is from engineer to artisan(技工), that is, the engineer's product at this point is no longer to be interpreted, adjusted, or corrected by any other enginee carries preliminary design(初步设计) to the point where there is reasonable assurance that the major features have been determined with sufficient dependability to allow the orderly development of contact plans and specification. This development will form a basis to obtain shipyard prices within a predetermined price range that will result in an efficient ship with the requisite performance characteristics.1.2 General AspectsTHE late 1960's and 1970's saw a number of major new development which inone way or another had and impact on the general basic design(基本设计)problem. Among the most significant was the computer. While the computeraffects how basic design is preformed other changes have impacted on what constitutes the basic design problem. For example, one revolutionarydevelopment was the change from breakbulk (件杂货) to containerized cargos inthe liner traders (定期班轮营运业). Other developments in other ship typescreated similar new considerations. For tankers (油轮), size mushroomed; the increasing demand for petroleum and other raw materials by the ind has burgeoned from a small industry located mainly in the shallow areas of the Gulf of Mexico to a worldwide colossus moving into deeper water and more severe sea conditions. These developments have caused a revolution in the design of offshore drilling (离岸钻井) rigs/ships /units and the entire support fleet necessary for such a challenging undertaking. This includes crew boats, offshore supply boats, high powered towing vessels, pipe laying barges (海底铺管驳船)/ships and countless other specialized craft. Furthelel existing operations, this may be a sound approach. Consequently, in such situations, basic design(基本设计) may be limited to examination of minor modifications to dimensions powering, and arrangements.At the other extreme, totally new seagoing missions, such as the ocean transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG), when first introduced, caused the designer to begin with a blank piece of paper and proceed through rational design engineering with crude assumptions subject to frequent and painstaking revision and development.Table 1.1-Typical Plans Developed During Contract Design StageOutboard profile, General arrangementInboard profile, General arrangementGeneral arrangement of all decks and holdsArrangement of crew quartersArrangement of commissary spacesLinesMidship sectionSteel Scantling PlanArrangement of Machinery-Plan viewsArrangement of Machinery-ElevationsArrangement of Machinery-SectionsArrangement of Main shaftingPower and lighting system-One line diagramFire control diagram by decks and profileVentilation and air conditioning diagramDiagrammatic arrangements of all piping systemsHeat balance and steam flow diagram-Normal power at normal operating conditions Electric Load AnalysisCapacity planCurves of formFloodable length curvesPreliminary trim and stability bookletPreliminary damage stability calculations本课程补充专业词汇：outboard profile 侧视图inboard profile 纵剖面图general arrangement 总部置hold 船舱crew quarters 船员居住舱commissary spaces 补给库舱lines 型线plan views 设计图midship section 中横剖面elevations 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图，立视图。
船舶与海洋工程专业专业英语词汇
船舶与海洋工程专业专业英语词汇1、A类a faired set of lines 经过光顺的一组型线 abaft 朝向船尾absence 不存在accommodation 居住(舱室)acquisition cost 购置（获取）成本activate 作动adopt 采用aegis 保护，庇护aerostatic 空气静力学的after perpendicular (a. p. ）艉柱ahead and astern 正车和倒车 air cushion vehicle 气垫船aircraft carrier 航空母舰airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵airfoil 气翼，机翼alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔(或填料)allowance 公差，余(裕)量，加工裕量，补贴 American Bureau of Shipping (美国)船级社amidships 舯amidships 在舯部amphibious 两栖的angle of attack 攻角angle plate 角钢 anticipated loads encountered at sea在海上遭遇到的预期载荷antiroll fins 减摇鳍 appendage 附体appendage 附件，附体 appendage 附体artisan 技工 assembly line 装配(流水)线athwart ships 朝 (船)横向 at-sea replenishment 海上补给axiomatic 理所当然的，公理化的2、B类back up member 焊接垫板 backing structure 垫衬结构Bar 型材，材bar keel 棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨barge 驳船 base line 基线base, base line 基线basic design 基本设计batten 压条，板条 be in short supply 供应短缺、俏销beam 船身最大宽，横梁beam 船宽，梁bench work 钳工 bevel 折角bid 投标 bidder 投标人(者)bilge 舭，舱底bilge 舭bilge keel 舭龙骨 bilge radius 舭半径bills of material 材料(细目)单 blast 喷丸(除锈)block coefficient 方形系数block coefficient 方形系数Board of Trade (英国)贸易厅 body plan 横剖面图body section 横剖图 Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线boom 吊杆 boundary layer 边界层bow line 前体纵剖线 bow thruster 艏侧推器bow wave 艏波boyant 浮力的bracket 轴支架，支架breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽breadth moulded 型宽breakbulk 件杂货buckle 屈曲budget 预算，作预算buffer area 缓冲区building basin 船台 bulb plate 球头扁钢bulbous bow 球状船艏bulbous bow 球鼻艏bulk oil carrier 散装油轮bulk carrier 散装货船bulk carrier 散装货船 buoyancy 浮力buoyancy 浮力Bureau Veritas (法国)船级社burning machine 烧割机 butt weld 对缝焊接buttock 后体纵剖线by convention 按照惯例，按约定3、C类camber 梁拱capacity plan 舱容图capsize 倾覆capsizing moment 倾覆力矩captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船cargo capacity 载货量，货舱容量，舱容cargo cubic 货舱舱容，载货容积cargo handling 货物装卸 cargo owner 货主carpenter 木匠 carriage of grain cargoes 谷类货物输运机cascading of waves upon…海浪跌落于… casualty 事故，死伤，灾难catamaran 双体船categorize 分类centroid 形心，重心，质心，矩心 chine 舭，舷，脊chock 木楔 circumscribe 外接，外切circumsection 外切Coast Guard cuttle(美国）海岸警备队快艇commercial ship 营利用船commissary spaces 补给库舱室，粮食库common carrier 通用运输船compartment 舱室 concave 凹，凹的，拱conceive 设想，想象concept design 概念设计configuration 构形，配置configuration安排，构型，配置conspicuous 显著的，值得注意的containerized 集装箱化 contract design 合同设计contract design 合同设计 contracted scale 缩尺core box 型芯 corrosion 锈蚀，腐蚀couple 力矩，力偶crest (of wave) 波峰crew quarters 船员居住舱 Critical Path Method (CPM) 关键路径法cross section 横剖面 cross sectional area 横剖面面积cross-channel automobile ferries 横越海峡客车渡轮crucial element 重要因素cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾cruissing range 航程curvature 曲率curves of form 各船型曲线cushion of air 气垫4、D类damage stability 破损稳性 damp out 阻息，逐渐降低dead load 恒(静)载荷 deadweight 总载重量(吨)deballast 卸除压载(压舱)deck line at side 甲板边线deck camber 甲板梁拱deck wetness 甲板淹湿 deckhouse 舱面室，甲板室declivity 坡度，斜度 deep V hull 深V型船体deformation 变形 delivery 交船Department of Trade (英国)贸易部 deposit metallic plating 镀上金属镀层depth moulded 型深depth 船深depth 船深 design spiral 螺旋式设计destroyer 驱逐舰detail design 详细设计deviation 偏离，偏差 devious 曲折的diagram 图，原理图，设计图，流程图 dimension 尺度，元，维displacement 排水量distributed load 分布载荷division 站，划分，分隔do work 做功dock 泊靠draft 吃水draftsman 绘图员 drag 阻力Drainage 排(泄)水draught(=draft) 吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力drawing office 绘图室 dredge 挖泥船drift 飘移，偏航drilling rig 钻架 dry dock 干船坞5、E类eddy 旋涡electrohydraulic 电动液压的electroplater 电镀工 elevations 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图、立视图，纵剖线图 enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间end on 端对准 endurance 续航力endurance 续航性 entrance 进流段 erection (船体)组装erection 装配，安装 expedient 权宜之计extrapolate 外插f. p. = forward perpendicular 艏柱fair 光顺 fair 光顺fastening 坚固件,紧固法fatigue 疲劳 feasibility study 可行性研究 fender 护舷ferry 渡轮，渡口，渡运航线ferry 轮渡(载运) fillet weld connection 贴角焊连接fine fast ship 纤细(细长)高速船 fine form 瘦长(细长)船形Flank 侧面, 侧翼, 侧攻flanking rudders 侧翼舵flare 外飘，外张flat of keel 平板龙骨fleets of vessels 船队 flexural 挠曲的float 浮动时间 floating drydock 浮船坞 flood 进水，泛滥floodable length curve 可浸长度曲线 flow pattern 流型，流线谱flow of materials 物流 flush 平贴，磨光forging 锻件，锻造 form coefficient 船形系数forming operation 成型加工forward/after perpendicular 艏/艉柱forward/after shoulder 前/后肩 foundry casting 翻砂铸造 foundryman 铸造翻砂工 frame 船肋骨，框架，桁架frame 框架 freeboard 干舷freeboard 干舷freeboard 干舷freeboard deck 干舷甲板 freight rate 运费率fresh water 淡水 frictional resistance 摩擦阻力Froude number 傅汝德数full form 丰满船形full form ship 丰满船型 fullness 丰满度funnel 烟囱galley (船舰，飞机的)厨房Gantt Chart 施工进度表 general arrangement 总布置general arrangement 总布置 Germanischer Lloyd (德国)劳埃德船级社girder 桁，梁gradient 梯度grating 格栅 Green Book (船级社)绿皮书 (登录快速远洋船)ground level building site 平地建造场 group technology 成组建造技术grouting 填缝、灌浆 guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰habitability 适居性half breadth plan 半宽图handling equipment 装卸设备 hard chine 尖舭headroom 净空高度heave 垂荡 heel 横倾heel 柱脚，踵材，底基，倾斜 hog 中拱hogging 中拱 hold 船舱hole 水流深凹处homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体hopper barge (自动)倾卸驳 hostile sea 凶险的波浪hostile sea 汹涌波浪 hull block 船体垫块，船体支座 hull form 船形hull form 船形 HVAC (=heating, ventilating and cooling) 取暖，通风与冷却hydraulic mechanism 液压机构 hydrodynamic 水动力学的hydrofoil 水翼hydrostatic 水静力的icebreaker 破冰船icebreaker 破冰船identified as Essential Changes 标记作“必备变更项” immerse 浸入immerse 浸没impact load 冲击载荷imperial unit 英制单位impression 模槽，型腔，印痕，印象in strake 内列板 in way of…在…处inboard profile 纵剖面图 In-depth analysis 深入研究initial stability at small angle of inclination小倾角初稳性insulation 绝缘，隔离Intact stability 完整稳性Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization 国际海事质询组织Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) 国际政府间海事质询组织International Association of Classification Society (IACS) 国际船级社联合会International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (ICSOLAS) 海上生命安全性国际公约International Towing Tank Conference 国际船模试验水池会议intersection 交点，交叉，横断(切)intervening deck 居中甲板introduces a bill 提出一项议案 issue periodically 定期发布(公布) iterative process 选代过程jack 千斤顶 janitorial 勤杂工，房屋照管者joggle 折曲，榫接，弯合 joiner 安装工joiner 细木工(匠)joinery 细木工keel laying 开始船舶建造(原意为“铺设龙骨架”) Kips (= kilo-pounds) 千磅laborer 力工Land borne 陆基的，装在陆地的 landing craft 登陆艇large tank and sphere 大型油罐和球罐launch 发射，下水launching equipment（向水中）投放设备launching way (船舶)下水滑道 LCC(Large Crude Carrier）大型原油轮（载重10~20万吨）lead time 设计至投产、定货至交货的时间 legislation 立法length between perpendicular 两柱间长leveler 调平器，矫平机，矫直机life saving appliance 救生设备 life-cycle cost 生命周期成本lift fan 升力风扇lift offsets 量取型值Light ship weight 空船重量 lighter 港驳船likely 多半，可能line 型线liner 定期航班船liner trade 定期班轮营运业lines plan 型线图liquefied gas carrier 液化气运输船list 倾斜, 表living and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室Lloyd’s Machinery Certificate (LMC) 劳埃德(船舶)机械证书Lloyd’s Register of Shipping (英国)劳埃德船级社Lloyds Rules 劳埃德(船级社)规范LNG containment 液化天然气容器Load Line Regulation 载重线公约、规范load waterline 载重水线load waterplane 载重水线面loft floor 放样台full scale 全尺度loftman 放样工loftman 放样工longitudinal 纵向的longitudinal 纵向的，纵梁longitudinal prismatic coefficient 纵向棱形系数machinery vendor 机械(主机)卖方magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊maiden voyage 处女航main shafting 主轴系major ship 大型船舶maneuverability 操纵性maritime 海事的，海运的，靠海的，沿海的mark out 划线，划记号marshal 调度mast 桅杆maximum beam amidships 舯最大宽member 部件merchant ship 商船metacenter 稳心metacentric height 稳心高metal plate bath 金属板电镀槽metal worker 金属工metric unit 公制单位midbody （船）中体middle line plane 中线面midship area coefficient 舯横剖面系数midship section 舯横剖面midship section coefficient 舯横剖面系数mill shape 轧钢厂型材module assembly 模块式组装mold loft floor (型线)放样间地板molded lines 型线molder 造型工mould loft 放样间moulded line 型线multihull vessel 多体船Multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划nautical mile 海里naval architect 造船师naval architecture 造船工程naval ship 军船naval architecture 造船学nearuniversal gear 准万向齿轮network flow 网络流程neutral equilibrium 中性平衡normal 法向，法向的，正交的normal force 法向力normal operating condition 常规(正常)运作工况notch 开槽，开凹口Off the shelf 成品的，畅销的，流行的off-center loading 偏移中心的装载offsets 型值offshore drilling 离岸钻井oil-rig 钻油架operational requirement 军事行动需求，运作要求orient 取向，定方位，调整orthogonal 正交的，矩形的out strake 外列板outboard profile 侧视图outfit 舾装outfitter 舾装工outfitting 舾装overall stability 总体稳性overhang 外悬overstocking 存货过剩owner’s staff 船东的雇(职)员paint priming 涂底漆Panama Canal 巴拿马运河panel line system 板材生产线系统parallel middle body 平行中体patternmaker 木模工payload 有效载荷permanent body 永久性组织机构perpendicular（船艏、艉）柱，垂直的，正交的pillar 支柱pin 钉，销pin jig 限位胎架pintle 销，枢轴pipe fitter 管装工pipe laying barge (海底) 铺管驳船piping 管路pitch 纵摇plan views 设计图planing hull 滑行船体pleasure ship 游乐用船Plimsoll line 普林索尔载重线polar-exploration craft 极地考察船Polaris (submarine) 北极星级(潜艇)port 左舷portable gate 移动式(可移动)闸门positive righting arm 扶正力臂power and lighting system 动力与照明系统preliminary design 初步设计preliminary/concept design 初步/概念设计pressure vessel 压力容器principal dimensions 主尺度prism 棱柱体prismatic coefficient 棱形系数procurement 采购，获得Program Evaluation and Review Technique 规划评估与复核法quartering sea 尾斜浪, 从船斜后方来的浪quay(横)码头，停泊所racking 倾斜，变形，船体扭转变形radiography X射线照相术，X射线探伤rake 倾角,倾斜ram pressure 速压头，冲压，全压力rectangle 矩形reenlistment 重征服役Registo Italiano Navale (意大利)船级社remedial action 补救措施reserve buoyancy 储备浮力reserve buoyancy 储备浮力residuary resistance 剩余阻力resultant 合力resultant 合力retract 收进revolving crane 旋转式(鹤)吊，转臂吊(车)Reynolds number 雷诺数rigger 索具装配工rigid side walls 刚性侧壁rise of floor 底升risk 保险对象，保险金额rivering warfare vessel 内河舰艇rivet 铆接，铆钉roll 横摇rolled angle butt (轧制)角钢焊接头roll-on/roll-off(RO-RO) 滚装rough sea 汹涌的波浪round of beam 梁拱rounded gunwale 修园的舷边rubber tile 橡皮瓦rudder post 舵柱rudder 舵rudder rate 舵率rudder stock 舵杆run 去流段Sag 中垂sagging 中垂scale 缩尺，尺度，尺scale model 缩尺船模scantling 材积sea keeping performance 耐波性能seasickness 晕船seaworthiness 适航性section 剖面，横剖面sections (铁、钢)型材，轧材self-induced 自身诱导的semi finished item 半精加工件semisubmersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井架set course 设定的航线set course 设定航线shaft bossing 轴包套shaft bracket 轴支架shear 剪切，剪力sheer aft 艉舷弧sheer forward 艏舷弧sheer drawing 剖面图sheer plane 纵剖面sheer profile 纵剖线sheer profile 纵剖图sheer(甲板)舷弧sheet metal work 钣金工，冷作工shell plating 船壳板shell 船壳板ship fitter 船舶装配工ship fitter 船体安装工ship fitter 舰船装配工ship form 船型ship Hydrodynamics 水动力学ship owner 船东shipping line 船运航线shipway (造)船台shipwright 船体装配工，造船工人shipyard 船厂shipyard 船厂shipyard schedule chart 船厂施工进度图shoring 支撑，支柱shoulder 船肩sideways 朝侧向six degrees of freedom 六自由度sizable 相当大的skirt（气垫船）围裙slamming 砰击，拍击slice 一部分，薄片sloping shipway 有坡度船台，滑道soft chine 圆舭spare part 备件specially prepared form 专门(特殊)加工的模板spectrum 谱speed-to-length ratio 速长比stability 稳性stable equilibrium 稳定平衡standard 规章starboard 右舷static equilibrium 静平衡statically determinant 静定的statistical 统计学(上)的steel marking 钢板划线steering gear 操纵装置steering gear 操纵装置，舵机stem 船艏stem contour 艏柱型线stern 艉stern frame 艉构架，艉框架stern wave 艉波stiffen 加劲，加强stiffener 肋骨strain 应变strake 船体列板stringent safety regulations 严格的安全规章structural alignment 结构校准，组合，组装strut 支柱，支撑构形subassembly (局部)分部装配subdivision 分舱sublet 转包，分包，转租submersible 潜器suction cup 吸盘Suez Canal Tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位限制summer load water line 夏季载重水线super cavitating propeller超空泡螺旋桨superintendent 监督管理人，总段长，车间主任superstructure 上层建筑supertanker 超级油轮supervision of the Society’s surveyor 船级社验船师的监造surface piercing 穿透水面的surface preparation and coating 表面加工处理与喷涂surge 纵荡surmount 顶上覆盖，越过survivability 生存力SWATCH(Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) 小水线面双体船sway 横荡switchboard 控制台，开关板tabular freeboard 列成表格的干舷值tacker 定位搭焊工talking paper 讨论文件tangential viscous force 切向粘性力tanker 油轮tanker 油轮tantamount 等值的，相当的taper 弄细，变尖tee T形构件，三通管template 样板tensile stress 拉(张)应力The Register of Shipping of the People’s Republic of China 中国船舶检验局The Titanic 泰克尼克号(巨型邮轮)there is more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状较复杂titanic 巨大的to be craft oriented 与行业有关的，适应于行业性的to run the waterlines 绘制水线toed towards amidships 趾部朝向船舯ton gross=gross ton 长吨=1. 016公吨tonnage 吨位torque 扭矩torsio 扭转的trade 工种, 贸易trailer type transporter 拖车式载运车transfer sideways 横向移动transom (stern) 方尾transverse 横向的transverse bulkhead plating 横隔舱壁板transverse section 横剖面transverse stability 横稳性trawling 拖网trial 实船试验trim 纵倾trim 纵倾trim by the stern/bow 艉/艏倾trimaran 三体船trough 波谷tugboat 拖船tumble home(船侧)内倾Type A ship A类船U form U型U. S. Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队ULCC(Ultra Large Crude Carrier）超级大型原油轮（载重量>40万吨）ultrasonic 超声波的\underwriter (海运)保险商undock 使船出坞upright position 正浮位置V shaped V型的ventilation and air conditioning diagram 通风与空调敷设设计图vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向棱形系数vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向棱形系数vicinity 邻近，附近villain 坏人，罪魁viscosity 粘性VLCC(Very Large Crude Carrier）巨型（原）油轮（载重量>20万吨）V-sectionV型剖面wash 下洗 ,艉流water line 水线waterborne 浮于水上的，水基的waterplane 水线面waterplane area coefficient 水线面积系数watertight integrity 水密完整性wave pattern 波型wavemaking resistance 兴波阻力weather deck 露天甲板weld inspection 焊缝检测welder 焊工weldment 焊件，焊接装配wetted surface 湿面积wing shaft 侧轴yacht 快艇yard issue 船厂开工任务发布书yaw 艏摇yaw 艏摇，摇艏。
船舶设计专业英语
Lesson FourShip DesignThe design of a ship involves a selection of the features of form, size, proportions, and other factors which are open to choice, in combination with those features which are imposed by circumstances beyond the control of the design naval architect. 船舶的设计包括对船型特征，尺度比和比例的选择以及一些非约束条件的选择和那些不受船舶设计师控制的外部环境决定的约束条件的选择。
Each new ship should do some things better than any other ship. 每一新设计的船舶都应有一些在其他船舶中找不到的试用其本身的独到之处。
This superiority must be developed in the evolution of the design, in the use of the most suitable materials, to the application of the best workmanship, and in the application of the basic fundamentals of naval architecture and marine engineering. 这种优势必须在设计的发展演化中，在使用最合适的材料,达到最佳的工艺质量中,以及应用船舶海洋工程的基本原理中得以发展。
As ships have increased in size and complexity, plans for building them have became mare detailed and more varied. 随着船舶发展的大型化和复杂化，船舶的建造方案也变得多变而且越发复杂。
船舶总体设计专业英语
船舶总体设计专业英语 1．总布置general arrangement2．舱室布置Accommodation arrangement3．机舱布置engine room arrangement4．梯道布置stairway and passage way arrangement5．舱compartment6．首尖舱fore peak7．尾尖舱aft peak8．底边舱bottom side tank9．顶边舱top side tank10．边舱wing tank11．船舱hold12．双层底舱double bottom tank13．甲板间舱tween deck space14．隔离空舱cofferdam15．罗经甲板compass deck16．驾驶甲板navigation deck ;bridge deck17．艇甲板boat deck18．游步甲板promenade deck19．起居甲板accommodation deck20．上甲板upper deck21．起货机平台（绞车操纵台）winch platform22．通道passage; alleyway23．内通道interior alleyway24．外通道exterior alleyway25．跳板ramp26．驾驶室wheel house; navigation bridge 27．海图室chart room28．报务室radio room29．雷达室radar room30．机舱engine room31．机舱集控室engine control room32．锅炉舱boiler room33．泵舱pump room34．锚链舱chain room35．舵机舱steering engine room; steering gear room 36．通风机室fan room37．空调机室air-conditioning unit room38．消防控制室fire-control room39．应急发电机室emergency generator room 40．蓄电池室battery room41．货（油）控制室cargo control room42．桅室mast room43．声纳舱sonar transducer44．计程仪舱log room45．泡沫室foam room46．测深仪舱echo sounder room47．机修间work shop48．电工间electrician store49．木工间carpenter store50．贮藏室store51．破损控制设备室damage control equipment room 52．油漆间paint store53．食品库provision store54．冷藏室refrigerating chamber55．冷冻机室refrigerating room56．起居舱室accommodation57．居住舱室cabin58．船长室capaitain room59．大副室chief officer room60．二副室2nd officer room61．三副室3rd officer room62．轮机长室chief engineer room63．大管轮室2nd engineer room64．二管轮室3rd engineer room65．三管轮室4th tengineer room66．船员室crew room67．客舱passenger cabin68．货舱cargo hold; cargo space69．货油舱cargo oil tank70．集装箱舱container hold71．冷藏货舱refrigerating cargo hold72．车辆舱vehicle hold73．液化天然气舱liquified natural gas tank 74．液化石油气舱liquified petroleum gas tank 75．邮件舱mail room76．行李舱luggage room77．液舱liquid tank78．燃油舱fuel oil tank79．滑油舱lubricating oil tank80．溢油舱overflow oil tank81．污油舱dirty oil tank82．渣油舱sludge tank83．压载水舱ballast water tank84．专用压载水舱segregated ballast tank 85．污液（油）舱slop tank86．淡水舱fresh water tank87．饮用水舱drinking water tank88．锅炉水舱feed water tank89．污水（舱底水）舱bilge water tank 90．滑油循环舱circulating lubricating oil tank 91．船体型表面molded hull surface92．裸船体bare hull93．型排水体积molded volume94．附体appendages95．主要要素principal particulars96．基面base plane97．中线面center line plane98．基线base line99．主尺度principal dimension100．总长length overall101．垂线间长length between perpendiculars 102．水线长waterline length103．设计水线长designed waterline length 104．满载水线长load waterline length 105．型宽molded breadth106．水线宽waterline breadth107．最大宽extreme breadth108．型深molded depth109．吃水draft; draught110．型吃水molded draft 111．设计吃水designed draft 112．首吃水fore draft113．尾吃水aft draft114．平均吃水mean draft 115．结构吃水scantling draft 116．满载吃水loaded draft 117．空载吃水light draft118．吃水标志draft mark 119．型线图lines plan120．首垂线forward perpendicular 121．尾垂线aft perpendicular 122．格子线grid123．站ordinate station124．中站midstation125．站线station ordinates 126．型线molded lines127．型值offsets128．型值表table of offsets 129．横剖图transverse section 130．中横剖图midship section 131．最大横剖图maximum section132．水线面water plane133．中纵剖图longitudinal section in centre plane 134．纵剖线buttocks135．横剖线body lines136．斜剖线diagonal137．外廓线profile138．水线waterline139．设计水线designed waterline140．满载水线loaded waterline141．甲板线deck line142．甲板边线deck side line143．甲板中线deck centre line144．舷弧sheer145．梁拱camber146．梁拱线camber curve147．舭部bilge148．舭部升高deadrise149．舭部半径bilge radius150．龙骨线keelline151．龙骨设计斜度rake of keel152．龙骨折角线knuckle line of keel153．龙骨水平半宽half-siding154．折角线knuckle line155．隧道顶线tunnel top line156．内倾tumble home157．外倾、外飘flare158．方尾浸宽immersed transom beam159．方尾浸深immersed transom draft160．船形系数coefficients of form161．方型系数block coefficient162．棱型系数prismatic coefficient163．垂向棱型系数vertical prismatic coefficient164．水线面系数waterline coefficient165．中横剖系数midship section coefficient166．最大横剖面系数maximum transverse section coefficient 167．主尺度比dimension ratio168．前体fore body169．后体after body170．水线平行段parallel waterline171．水线前段waterline beginning172．水线后段waterline ending173．平行中体parallel middle body174．进流段entrance175．去流段run176．肩shoulder177．半进流角half angle of entrance 178．方尾端面transom179．首踵forefoot180．尾踵aftfoot，181．轴包套shaft bossing182．尾轴架propeller shaft bracket 183．尾鳍deadwood skeg184．双尾鳍twin-skeg185．前倾型首raked bow186．直立型首vertical bow 187．破冰型首ice breaker bow 188．球鼻首bulbous bow189．椭圆尾elliptical bow190．方尾transom stern191．巡洋舰尾cruiser stern 192．隧道尾tunnel stern193．球形尾bulbous stern194．U型剖面U-section195．V型剖面V-section196．排水量displacement197．型排水量molded displacement198．总排水量total displacement 199．空船重量light weight200．满载排水量full load displacement 201．设计排水量designed displacement 202．储备排水量displacement margin 203．载重量deadweight204．载货量cargo dead weight 205．压载ballast206．干舷freeboard207．干舷甲板freeboard deck 208．载重线loading line209．载重线标志loading line mark 210．载重量标尺deadweight scale 211．液舱容积tank capacity212．舱容曲线capacity curve213．积载stowage214．吨位tonnage215．总吨位gross tonnage216．净吨位net tonnage217．吨位丈量tonnage measurement。
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商船类型杂贷船杂货船的船内空间沿纵向被横舱壁分隔成一系列舱容大致相等的货舱，其舱壁间距为40～70英尺。
垂线间长约为500英尺的船舶一般分成七个货舱。
垂直方向上，最上层连续甲板(主甲板或强力甲板)以下的舱壁用一、二层甲扳分隔开。
内底和最下层甲扳之间的空间称为货舱，其空间高度限制在18英尺以内，为的是使货物压损减少到最小程度。
每层甲板间(称为甲板间舱)高度通常为9~10英尺。
大多数杂货船，除了有上述的双层底舱以外，还设有深舱，用作存放燃油、压截水或如胶乳、椰子油或食用油这一类液体货物。
货物是通过每一个货舱上方甲板的矩形大开口(舱口)来进行装卸的。
一般采用机动的舱口盖来关闭舱口．甲板间舱的舱口盖结构应该足够牢固，以便使它能够承受压在其上面的货物。
顶舱盖应该水密。
甲板间舱的空间一般适宜于装卸件杂货物或用贷盘托运的货物。
通常载货舱在每一层甲板上设有一个舱口，其宽度为船宽的35~50％，长度为舱长的50~60％。
为了加快货物装卸速度，舱口布置的倾向是越来越宽或横向有多个并排舱口，而且舱口也变得更长。
横向采用并排多只舱口布置(例如，三只舱口并排)，可以提高位于甲板下面的集装箱的装卸效率。
码头和船舶之间件杂货物的装卸通常是通过安装在船舶甲板上的吊货杆来进行的。
吊杆的起落靠从桅杆或吊杆柱通到吊杆顶端的可调节索具来进行控制，而另一根绳索从绞车到每一吊杆的顶端绕过滑轮在吊货钩处终止。
起货可以用一根吊杆(通常用来吊10吨以上的重贷)；快速装卸时，可采用一对联台吊杆，一吊杆端在舱口的上方，另一吊杆端在码头上方。
这种货物装卸怍业称为双杆联台操作，一般用于10吨以下的货物。
大多数安装有吊杆的件杂货船在每一舱口端都设有一对吊杆以加速货物装卸。
通常把货物一起堆在一只大网袋里，网袋出空后又返回进行下一次装卸。
尺寸几乎相同的包装货物可堆在货盘上，而后整个货盘被吊殉船上。
吊起的货物通过舱口降下，然后从同袋里或货盘上卸货，每一组货物的理货工人一件件分别贮存好。
贮在货舱两侧的货物除非它们仍在货盘上用铲车搬运，否则需由人工搬运。
现在铲车的使用正在变得很普遍。
当装卸货港口不能提供铲车时，可由船上备带。
船上人工卸货的货运量基本上决定了船舶在港口周转的时间以及港口的费用。
因而也就决定了整个运输系统的经济效果。
大多数杂货船备有一套具有30~100吨起吊能力的重型吊杆设备，以对付偶然遇到的重件贷。
大量新增加着的杂货船正在配备上能旋转的甲板起重机，来代替桅杆、吊杆和绞车。
集装箱船在以货物高速装卸为主的商业航运线上，集装箱船正在取代常规杂货船。
集装箱是风雨密韵箱子(一般为金属)，它能承受堆压载荷和海上运动引起的力。
集装箱具有标准尺寸，装载时最大重量可达30吨左右，标准集装箱的采用使船舶装载及海陆运输变得方便，且易子计算租借费用。
大型集装箱船可在半天左右时间内把货物全部装卸完毕，而装卸相同货物的件杂货船则需几天时间。
通常，除了海关检查外。
运货人把货物装进集装箱后一直送到收货人以前这整个过程中，箱子一般是不打开的。
集装箱在船舶和陆上目的地之间来回运输是靠公路拖车(最通用的工具)、火车车皮或驳船来进行的，所以它们也是这个运输系统构一部分。
对于一定的有效载货容积而言，集装箱船比传统的贷船要大且建造费用更昂贵，但装卸货物的费用以及船舶在码头上停留的时间却减少了很多。
虽然在某些集装箱船上，装卸货物是水平移动的，集装箱是装在垂直的格栅里，且沿垂直方向从船舱中移进移出。
滚装船广义地说，凡是设计成采用轮子滚动来装卸货物的船舶都可以认为是属于滚装船的范筹。
这种船包括拖车运输船，海上火车渡船(装载火车车箱或整辆火车)，汽车、卡车及拖车渡船，军用车辆运输船，装运货盘的船(其贷盘用铲车在码头和船舶之间往返进行装卸)等等。
下面对这类船舶作一简单描述。
虽然它能装卸几种型塑的滚动车辆，但主要是用来运输拖车。
滚装船的舱容比例相对于它的贷物量来说是很高的，它们特别适合于短途运输和需要频繁装卸的运输。
滚装船所需要的借泊时间比集装箱船还短，但建造费用更高。
因为满载的滚装船也不能使船舶吃水根深，‘所以有富裕的干舷，因而允许在水线以上开设舷门，并借助于跳板来装卸滚动贷物。
通常这类船有一个方尾(很象汽艇的方型尾)，方尾上开有门，可使车辆通过尾部跳板以装卸滚轮式车辆。
滚装船具有多层甲板，滚轮货物的装卸通过升降机或倾斜跳饭从承裁甲税装运到其他甲板。
内部升降机和跳板两者却占据了船上大量的空间。
由于需要有畅通甲板(不应该用横舱壁隔断)和供停放车辆用的甲板间，因而使滚装船形成了一种独特的结构布置。
驳船这类船舶标志着在向货物集装箱化和减少港泊时间方面迈出了大步。
货物先装在驳船或港驳上，载满后每一驳船重达1000吨，然后将驳船装到甲板下面和上面，它们的装卸采用龙门吊或升降平台。
就装载统货而论，这些船舶要算是最快的、最大的以及造价最高的一类船舶。
但就它们的尺度而言，这些船舶的有效载货容积小于通常的杂货船。
然而它们的装卸很迅速且能节省很多工时。
因为港驳可以在水上航行，而且能象一般驳船那样操作，所以这些大船可较好地服务于不发达港口。
由于载驳船采用了可以迅速拆装固定驳子的轻便装置，所以它可以部分或者全部改运各种标准集装箱。
散货船大部分海洋运输是靠散货船完成的。
散装干贷包括的产品有t矿砂、煤、石庆石、谷物、水泥、矾土、石膏和砂糖。
大多数远洋散装干货船利用岸上设备装卸货物。
航行在美国大湖里的很多散装干货船具有用来装卸货物的船上设备(自卸货机)，运载这类货物且配备有自卸装置的远洋船舶的数量正在不断增加。
最大量的液体散装贷物是石油产品。
但其他散装液货，例如各种化工产品、植物油、糖浆、乳胶、液化气体、熔态硫，甚至包括酒和果汁的远洋运输的重要性也日趋增加。
实际上几乎所有散装液货船都有卸货泵。
即使是混合型散货船，它们可以同时或交替装载散装干货和散装液货，也有卸液贷用的船用泵。
实际上，几乎所有的散装货船都把机舱、船员居住舱、驾驶宣布置在船尾。
大湖自卸散贷船是一个例外，它把船员居住舱和桥楼布置在首部。
散货船正朝着更大尺度前方向发展，但速度仍保持在中等水平(远洋货船的速度一般为l6~18节或30~30公里／时，大湖船的船速稍低一些)。
远洋矿砂船的特点是双屡底较高而舱容小，这是因为矿砂的密度大。
船上货物堆得高将减少稳性，但能防止十分急速的横摇。
棍合型远洋散装货船由于货物种类多样性而可以低价运输。
它能够适台于不同航线、运载各类不同的散装货物。
这类船舶可装载类似石油产品、煤、谷物及矿砂等散装货物。
散装货船的双层底较低。
其货舱客积相对于船舶本身的尺度显得比较大。
不论从数量上还是从吨位上讲，油船都具有独特性能，且是一种非常重要的液体散装货船。
油船几乎毫无例外地全都运载石油产品。
大型油船差不多都用来运输原油，只有少量的油船专门用来运输化工产品，还有一些油船准备改装为装载谷物之用。
具有与船体外壳相分离的独立型、矩形、圆筒形或球形液货舱的液体散装货船用来运输熔态硫和例如无水氨和天然气这类液化气体。
天然气(LNG)也可装在具有薄膜液舱的液化气船上运输，这种液舱结构在壳板上敷有能承载的绝热层，且装了一金属薄层。
运输熔态硫和液化气体对液货舱的绝热和结构强度都有着特殊的要求，需采用高级的、昂贵的优质结构材料。
客贷船在客货船这类船舶中。
旅客生活设施的安置应保证具有最大程度的舒适性。
一般说，客货船多服务于对旅游业有吸引力并需要装运特殊的而且高运费率货物的港口之间。
由于旅客服务的需要，这类船比差不多同样大小的、专门运输货物的货船需要配备更多的船员。
旅客的生活设施包括有：1—4铺位的客舱，每个房间有浴盆和厕所。
少数房间可以相互连通成套间，它包括一个卧室、更衣室，甚至有一个专用的室外阳台。
供旅客使用的公共场所包括餐厅、休息室、酒吧间、牌戏和娱乐室、图书室、小卖部和游泳池。
载客超过12名的船舶必须遵守国际海上入命安全公约(SOLAS)的有关条例。
这些条例牵涉到下列有关船舶特性的项目，(1)减少由船体损坏而引起的船舶沉没或倾覆的危险性；(2)防止船上火灾的发生和蔓延；(3)增加应急时弃船的可能性和安全性。
有趣的是存在不同于传统的杂货船的例子。
因为件杂货船的货物装卸几乎完全用船上的桅杆和吊杆设备进行，而该船设置了门式起重机以装卸集装箱、车辆和大型货盘。
集装箱一般可以堆放在配备有集装箱格栅的货舱里或甲板上。
大型货盘和车辆可用一个称为装卸机的横向装置，通过舷门来装卸，滚轮式的车辆也可以通过这些舷门滚进滚出。
利用货物升降机可把货物送到下层甲板或从那里进出。
另外，装卸象香蕉之类的货物还可用垂直输送机。
在典型剖面图上所示的水平输送机先从货物升降机上自动接受货物(大多数装在货盘上)，然后，靠手工控制的电瓶货盘装卸机对货物进行堆垛。
前货舱内的货物靠一台5吨级双杆操作的起货吊杆装卸，再靠一货物升降机转运到较低层去。
专业文献翻译（原文）Merchant Ship TypesBreak-bulk cargo shipsThe inboard space in break-bulk cargo ships undivided longitudinally by transverse bulkheads, spaced 40--70 :ft apart, into a series of cargo compartments of approximately equal volume; generally seven for a ship of about 500 ft Lpp. Vertically, the bulkheads are divided by one or two decks below the uppermost, continuous deck (main or strength deck) The space between the inner bottom and the lowest deck. called the hold, is limited to a height of about 18 ft (5.5m) to minimize damage to cargo through crushing. Usually the height of each space between decks (termed tween deck space) is 9--10ft (2.7--3.0m).In addition to the previously mentioned double-bottom tanks, most break-bulk cargo ships have deep tanks used for fuel oil water ballast, or liquid cargoes such as latex, coconut all, or edible oils.The cargo is handled through large rectangular deck openings (hatches) over each cargo space. Mechanically operated hatch covers, are used to close the openings. The hatch covers in the tween decks are strong enough to support cargo stowed on them. The topside hatch covers are watertight. The tween deck space is generally suitable for break-bulk of pallet cargo. Generally, cargo holds have had one hatch per deck, with a width of 35--50% the ship's breadth and a length of 50--60% the hold length, The trend is toward wider hatches or multiple hatches abreast and often longer hatches, to increase cargo handling speed.A multiple hatch arrangement (triple hatch, for instance) is efficiently need for a partial load of containers stowed under deck.Break-bulk cargo handling between pier and ship is done usually by means of cargo booms installed on board The booms are raised or lowered by adjustable wire rigging led from the mast or king post to the boom ends. A wire rope leads over sheaves from a winch to the outer end of each boom and terminates in a cargo hook. Cargo can be hoisted using one boom (customarily for very heavy loads of cargo, l0 tons or over)or for faster handling, by a pair of married booms, with one boom end over the hatch and the other over the pier. This cargo handling operation, called buttoning, is customary for loads up to 10 tons. Most break-bulk cargo ships fitted with booms have a pair of booms at each hatch end to expedite cargo handling. The cargo is often piled together in a large net which is emptied and returned for the next load. Packaged cargo of nearly uniform dimensions may be stacked on pallets which are hoisted aboard individually. The sling load is landed through the hatch opening.The pallets or nets are then unloaded, and each item is individually stowed by the hold gang. Any cargo stowed in the wings of the hold is manhandled unless it is on pallets and handled by a forklift truck. The use of forklift trucks is becoming common practice, and a number of these trucks may he carried on board if they are not available at cargo terminals. The amount of cargo which is man handled onboard determines largely the ship turnaround and port expenses, and, hence, the profitability of the transportation system.Most break-bulk cargo ships have provisions for a heavy lift boom of 30-100 metric ton capacity for occasional units of heavy cargo.An increasing number of break-bulk cargo skips are being fitted with revolving deck cargo cranes instead of masts, booms and winches.Container shipsContainer ships are replacing the conventional break-bulk cargo ship in trade routes where rapid cargo handling is essential, Containers are weather-proof boxes (usually metal) strengthened to withstand stacking and motion at sea. Containers are of standard size, the largest ones weighing up to about 30 metric tons when loaded. The use of standard containers facilitates ship-board stowage, land or waterway transportation, and rental or lease.A large container ship may be loaded or unloaded completely in about half a day, compared to several days for the same amount of cargo in break-bulk cargo ship. Generally, the shipper places the cargo in the container and, except for custom inspection, it is delivered unopened to the consignee; Highway trailers (most commonly), railroad cars, or barges transport containers to and from their land destination and are .therefore a part of the same transportation system. For a given payload cargo capacity, container ships are larger and more costly to build than the traditional cargo ship. but both the Cargo handling cost and the idle ship time in port are reduced considerably.Although in some ships containers arc moved horizontally for loading and unloading, containers are stowed in vertical cells and moved vertically in and out of the vessel.Roll-on/Roll-off shipsWith a broad interpretations all ships that are designed to handle cargo by rolling it on wheels can be considered under this headings. This would include trailer ships; sea trains(carrying railroad cars or entire trains): auto, truck, and trailer ferries; military vehicle carriers; ships carrying pallets handled by forklift trucks from and toshore; and so on. The following is a description of a ship of this type; which is intended primarily to operate as a trailer ship, although it may handle several types of wheeled vehicles.Roll-on/roll-off ships require a high proportion of cubic capacity relative to the amount of cargo and are particularly suited to services with short runs and frequent loading and unloading. They need ever, shorter port time than container ships but their building cost is higher.Because fully loaded roll-on~roll-off ships cannot carry enough cargo to immerse them deeply, their large,freeboard allows the fitting of side ports above the waterline for the handing of cargo on wheels by means of ramps. Usually. ships of this type have a transom stern (a square-shaped stern like that of a motorboat) fitted with doors for handling wheeled vehicles on an aft ramp. Roll-on/roll-off ships have several decks, and the cargo is handled on wheels from the loading deck.to other decks by elevators or sloping ramps. Both internal elevators .and ramps occupy substantial volume in the skip. The need for clear decks, without interruption by transverse bulkheads. and tween decks for vehicle parking results in a unique structural arrangement.Barge-carrying shipsThis type of ship represents a hold step in the trend toward cargo containerization and port time reductions. Cargo is carried in barges or lighters, each weighing up to 1000 metric tons when loaded. The lighters are carried below and above deck and handled ,by gantry cranes or elevator platforms.These are among the fastest, largest, and most expensive ships for the carriage of general cargo. For their size, their payload capacity is less than that of the conventional break-bulk cargo ship. However, they can be loaded and unloaded much faster and with a considerable saving in man-hours.Because the lighters can be waterborne and operated as regular barges, these large ships can serve undeveloped ports advantageously.Using potable fixtures that can be erected quickly, barge-carrying ships can be adapted for the transport of varying amounts of standard containers in addition to or in place of lighters.Bulk cargo shipsA large proportion of ocean transportation is effected by bulk cargo ships.Dry bulk cargo includes products such as iron ore, coal. limestone, grain, cement, bauxite gypsum, and sugar. Most oceangoing dry bulk carriers are loaded andunloaded using shore side installations, Many dry bulk carriers operating in the Great Lakes have shipboard equipment for the handling of cargo (self-unloaders), and an increasing number of oceangoing ships carrying this type of cargo are being fitted with self-unloading gear.By far the largest amount of liquid bulk cargo consists of petroleum products, but ocean transportation of other bulk liquid products is increasing in importance; for example, various chemicals, vegetable oils, molasses, latex, liquefied gases, molten sulfur, and even wine arid fruit juices. Practically all liquid bulk carriers have pumps for unloading the cargo. Even combination bulk carriers, which may carry simultaneously or alternatively dry and liquid bulk cargo, usually have ship board pumps for unloading liquids.Practically all bulk carriers have the machinery compartment, crew accommodation, and conning stations located aft. An exception is the Great Lakes self-unloader with crew accommodations and bridge forward.The tendency in bulk carriers is toward larger ships, with speeds remaining about constant at moderate level (16~18 knots or 30~33 km/h for ocean-going ships, lower for Great Lakes vessels).The oceangoing ore carrier is characterized by a high double bottom and small volume of cargo hold because of the high density of the ore. Storing the cargo high in the ship decreases stability and prevents excessively quick rolling.The oceangoing combination bulk carrier permits low-cost transportation because of its flexibility. It is able to carry many types of bulk cargoes over a variety of sea lanes. This type of ship carries bulk cargoes, such as petroleum product, coal, grain, and ore. The double bottom in bulk carriers is shallow and the volume of cargo holds is large compared to the size of the ship.The tanker is the characteristic, and by far the most important, liquid bulk carrier both in numbers and tonnage. Tankers carry petroleum products only exclusively, The very large tankers are used almost entirely for the transport of crude oil, A few tankers are built especially for the transportation of chemical products, and others are prepared for alternative loads of grain.Bulk liquid carriers, with standing, rectangular, cylindrical, or spherical cargo tanks separated from the hull, are used for the transportation of molten sulfur and liquefied gases, such as anhydrous ammonia and. natural gas. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is also carried in ships with membrane tanks, i.e.. where a thin metallic linear is fitted into a tank composed of ship structural and load-bearing insulation. Thetransportation of molten sulfur and liquefied gases requires special consideration regarding insulation and high structural soundness of cargo tanks including the useof .high-grade, costly materials for their construction.Passenger-cargo shipsThe accommodations for passengers in this type of ship are located to assure maximum comfort. Generally a passenger-cargo ship serves ports that have an appeal for the tourist trade and where rather special, high freight-rate cargo is handled. Because of the service needs of passengers, a ship of this type requires a much larger crew than a merchant ship of comparable size engaged exclusively in the carriage of cargo.The living accommodations for passengers consist of staterooms with 1--4 berths, each room with bath and toilet. A few rooms may be connected and suites may include a living room, dressing room, and even a private outdoor veranda. Public rooms for passenger use may include dining room, lounge, cocktail room. card and game room, library, shops, and swimming pool,Ships carrying more than 12 passengers must comply with the SOLAS regulations. These regulations deal with ship characteristics related to items such as the following: (1) lessening the risk of foundering or capsizing due to hull damage, (2) preventing the start and spread of fires aboard, and (3) increasing the possibility and safety of abandoning ship in emergencies.There is an interesting example of a departure from the traditional break-hulk cargo ship in which cargo is handled almost exclusively by means of a ship board installation of masts and booms. This ship is provided with gantry cranes to handle containers, vehicles, and large pallets. The containers may be stored in cargo holds equipped with container cells or on deck. Large-size pallets and vehicles may be handled through side ports by means of an athwart-ship gear called a sporter. Wheeled vehicles can also be rolled on and off the ship through the side ports. Cargo may be carried to and from lower decks by cargo elevators, and, in addition, there are vertical conveyors for handling cargo such as bananas. The horizontal conveyors shown in the typical section receive cargo automatically, mostly on pallets, from the cargo elevators. This cargo is then stowed by manually controlled; battery-operated pallet loaders. Cargo for the forward hold is handled by a 5-ton burtoning cargo gear and transferred to lower levels by a cargo elevator.。