市场有效性,长期收益 和行为金融(中英文版)

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4市场有效性与行为金融

4市场有效性与行为金融
– 衡量外在效率的高低:一是价格能否自由地根据有关 系变动,二是证券有关信息能否充分地披露和均匀地 分布。
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有效市场假说
“有效市场假说”最早起源于肯德尔的发现:股 票价格具有随机游走(random walk)的特点。 他认为,股价变动没有任何可预测的模式,根据 历史信息不能做出预测。 • 马尔基尔(1970)认为股价运动是不可预测的, 完全是随机的,就像通过掷硬币来决定股价升跌 一样。(模型的胜算概率大于硬币?) • 值得注意的是,有效市场假说或随机漫步理论并 不认为股价变动是无目的、对基本信息的变化反 应是不敏感的,相反,他们认为,股票市场效率 如此之高,以致于无人能始终如一地相当迅速地 买进卖出从而获利。
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根据三种有效市场假说的特点,对它们的评价是:
– 有效市场假说把股价运动描述成毫无规律、随机的运 动,这既不科学也不符合事实。事物总是有联系的, 不可能完全随机。 – 弱式有效认为技术分析毫无用处是片面的,股价具有 一定的趋势性和重现性。 – 半强式有效认为基本分析也无用是错误的,股市是经 济的“晴雨表”。 – 强式有效认为“内幕消息”无用的观点也是错误的, 现实中就存在利用内幕消息牟取暴利的案例。
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2002年诺贝尔经济学奖
• 美国普林斯顿大学的丹尼尔-卡恩曼(Daniel Kahneman)和 美国乔治-梅森大学的弗农-史密斯(Vernon L. Smith). • 大多数的经济学研究依赖于各种合理的假设,这些假设在 决策中具有重要意义。然而,现今越来越多的研究人员开 始尝试用试验的方法来研究经济学,修改和验证各种基本 的经济学假设,这使得经济学的研究越来越多的依赖于实 验和各种数据的搜集,从而变得更加可信。这些研究大多 数扎根于两个有着明显区分但目前却融汇在一起的领域, 即认知心理学家有关人为判断和决策的分析和实验经济学 家对经济学理论的实验性测试。

国际金融 名词中英文对照

国际金融 名词中英文对照

第一章国际收支国际借贷international indebtedness(外汇的)收入receipts支付payment国际收支balance of payment经济实体economy经济交易economic transactions国际投资头寸international investment position顺差surplus逆差deficit国际收支危机balance of payment crisis国际收支平衡表balance of payment statement局部差额partial balance经常项目the current account货物goods收入incomes经常转移current transfers资本和金融帐户the capital and financial account 资本转移capital transfers错误与遗漏帐户errors and omissions account (国际收支)均衡equilibrium(国际收支)不均衡disequilibrium自主性交易autonomous transaction=事前交易ex-ante transaction调节性交易accommodating/compensatory transaction=事后交易ex-post transaction基本差额basic balance净清偿差额net liquidity balance官方储备交易差额official reserve transaction balance综合差额overall balance物价-现金流动机制price-specie-flow mechanism 弹性分析法the elasticities approachJ曲线效应J-curve effect吸收分析法the absorption approach货币分析法the monetary approach周期性不均衡cyclical disequilibrium货币性/价格性不均衡Monetary/price disequilibrium收入性不均衡income disequilibrium持久性不均衡secular disequilibrium结构性不均衡structural disequilibrium外汇平稳基金exchange stabilization fund货币贬值devaluation货币升值revaluation(国际收支)基本不均衡fundamental disequilibrium第二章外汇、汇率、外汇市场外汇foreign exchange可自由兑换货币convertible currency外汇汇率foreign exchange rate基本货币base currency标价货币quoted currency直接/应付标价法direct/giving quotation间接/应收标价法indirect/ receiving quotation国定汇率fixed rate浮动汇率floating rate自由浮动freely floating = clean floating有管理的浮动managed floating=肮脏浮动dirty floating(银行)买入汇率bid/buy rate(银行)卖出汇率selling/offer rate同业买卖汇率interbank rate中间汇率Middle rate现钞汇率bank notes rate基本汇率basic rate套算汇率cross rate电汇汇率telegraph transfers rate,T/T rate信汇汇率mail transfers rate,M/T rate汇票汇率demand draft rate,D/D rate即期汇率spot rate远期汇率forward rate远期差价forward margin升水at premium贴水at discount平价at par开盘汇率opening rate收盘汇率closing rate名义汇率nominal rate实际汇率real rate有效汇率effective rate金本位制gold standard system金汇兑本位gold exchange standard黄金输送点gold points有弹性elastic缺乏弹性inelastic空头short position多头long position批发市场wholesale market零售市场retail market外汇风险foreign exchange risk交易风险transaction exposure转换风险transfers exposure经营风险operating exposure债务净额支付netting双边债务净额支付bilateral netting多边债务净额支付multilateral netting配平matching自然配平batural matching平行配平parallel matching提前与推后收付leading & lagging计价货币currency of invoicing定价pricing资产负债管理asset and liability management货币市场套期保值money market hedge货币市场套期保值borrow-spot-invest贴现Discounting保收factoring即期外汇交易spot exchange transaction外汇头寸exchange position超卖oversold超买overbought抛补cover双档报价two way price远期汇差forward margin=掉期率swap rate择期远期交易optional forward transaction掉期外汇交易foreign exchange swap transaction 即期-远期掉期交易spot-forward swaps即期对即期掉期交易spot-spot swaps隔日掉期交易tomorrow-next swaps远期对远期掉期交易forward-forward swaps套汇交易arbitrage transaction不抛补套利uncovered interest arbitrage外汇期货foreign exchange future=外币期货currency=货币期货交易单位trading unit合约规模contract size最小变动价位minimum price change每日价格波动限制daily price limit交易时间trading hours最后交易日last trading day交割delivery初始保证金initial margin维持保证金maintenance margin变动保证金variation margin期权options 外币期权等参考期货看涨期权call options看跌期权put options场外期权OTP options场内期权exchange traded options现汇期权options on spot exchange期货期权options on foreign currency futures标的货币underlying currency履约价格strike price or exercise price 到期月份/日expiration months/day最后交易日last trading day保证金margin交割方式delivery methods期权价格option price期权费options premium内在价值intrinsic value外在价值extrinsic value履约价值exercise value时间价值time value溢价期权in-the-money-option损价期权out-of-the-money option平价期权at-the-money options第三章外汇制度外汇管制汇率制度exchange rate regime浮动汇率制floating exchange rate system中间汇率制intermediate exchange rate regimes 两极汇率制bipolar exchange rate regimes恶性循环假说vicious circle hypothesis国际储备的交易需求transactions demand for international reserves国际储备的预防性需求precautionary demand for international reserves自由浮动independent floating管理浮动managed floating爬行盯住制crawling peg货币局制度currency board arrangements货币联盟monetary union汇率目标区制exchange rate target zone外汇管制foreign exchange control第四章汇率理论国际借贷说theory of international indebtedness 流动借贷floating indebtedness固定借贷consolidated indebtedness国际收支论theory of balance of payment购买力平价说theory of purchasing power parity 绝对购买力平价absolute purchasing power parity 相对购买力平价relative purchasing power parity 利率平价说theory of interest parity弹性价格货币模型flexible-price monetary model 汇率超调模型sticky-price monetary model资产组合平衡模型portfolio balance model第五章国际储备国际储备international reserve国际清偿力international liquidity储备货币reserve currency储备头寸reserve position in IMF普通提款权general drawing rights离岸金融市场offshore financial market短期信贷市场short-term credit market短期证券市场short-term security market欧洲证券Eurobond利息平衡税interest equalization tax固定利率借款fixed-interest loan亚洲美元市场asian-dollar market石油美元oil-dollar国际银行信贷international banking credit LIBOR London Interbank offered rate优惠利率prime rate贷款利率offered rate存款利率bid rate承担费commitment fee政府信贷government credit出口信贷export credit融资租赁financial leasing货币市场共同基金MMMF可转让支付命令帐户NOWs货币市场存单MMCS超级可转让支付命令帐户super-NOWs货币市场存款账户MMDAS垃圾债券junk bond票据发行便利NIFs,note issuance facilities互换swaps远期利率协议FRAs,forward rate agreement非中介化disintermediation周期性承包便利RUFs,revolving underwriting facilities表外业务off-balance-sheet business衍生金融工具derivative securities交割价格delivery price股票指数期货stock index futures资本流出capital outflows交易成本transaction cost市场失灵market failure价格歧视price discrimination所有权有势ownership advantage内部化优势internalization advantage区位优势location advantageOIL , ownership-internalization-location偿债率debt service ratio特别提款权special drawing rights平价网体系grid parity system货币蓝体系basket parity system欧洲货币基金EMF,European monetary fund第九章国际金融机构国际清算银行BIS,bank for international settlement(IMF)普通贷款normal credit tranches出口波动补偿贷款compensation financial facility中期贷款extended facility缓冲库存贷款buffer stock financial facility石油贷款oil facility补充贷款supplementary financial facility信托基金贷款trust fund扩大贷款enlarged access facility结构调整贷款structural adjustment facility体制转型贷款systematic transformation facility 第十章金融全球化financial globalization金融一体化financial integration资本核心充足率capital adequacy ratio。

投资学第7章 市场有效性与行为金融学

投资学第7章 市场有效性与行为金融学

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• 针对这三种信息集,有三种形式的有 效市场的定义
– 弱式有效市场(the weak form) – 半强式有效市场(the semistrong form) – 强式有效市场(the strong form)Leabharlann 投资学 第7章10
7.3.1 弱式有效市场
• 定义:如果股价已经反映了全部能从市场交易数据得到的信息,则称这样的资本市场 为弱式有效的或者满足弱有效形式。 – 市场交易数据中得到的历史信息:过去的股价、交易量等数据。 – 股票价格的历史数据是可以免费得到的,如果这些数据里包含有用的数据,则所 有的投资者都会利用它,导致价格调整,最后,这些数据就失去预测性。
– 在于从理论上确定理想市场的标准,为内幕交易的违法性提供理论上的根据。 – 强式有效假定是一种理想状态!
投资学 第7章
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7.3.4 EMH的意义
• 对公司经营的意义 – 问题:若市场非有效,公司经营者如何能够提高其股价?
• 对企业融资的意义 – 公司发行证券时,不应该期望得到超过公平价值的价格,这里所说的公平价值指 的是发行证券的现值。 – 在整个市场上,风险调整后的融资成本相同。
• EMH是信息有效、投资者理性、市场理性的统一。
投资学 第7章
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• 法马(Fama),意裔美国人,1939年生于波士顿乡下,是家中第一个大学生,在塔夫 兹大学读书时主修法文。为挣钱曾为一教授打工,帮教授选投资股票的时机并将信息 印刷出售给客户。他发现找不到一套可以确保获利的交易法则。
• 他到芝大商学院读博,后留校任教。法马研究股价的变动问题,成果发表在1965年 《商业期刊》上,全文长70页,法马的研究对投资实务界产生了巨大的影响。
理学的检验并不对其确认。

金融术语中英文对照

金融术语中英文对照

ABSAccelerated depreciation Acceptor Accommodation paper Accounts payable Accounts receivable Accredited InvestorsAccredit value AccreditingAccrual basisAccrued interestACEAcid Test Ratio AcquisitionAcross the board Acting in concert Active assetsActive capitalActual marketActual priceActual useful life ActuaryADBADRADSAd valoremAd valorem stamp duty 资产担保证券( Asset Backed Securities 的英文缩写)加速折旧承兑人;受票人;接受人融通票据;担保借据应付帐款应收帐款合资格投资者;受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员 (SEC) 条例,可参与一般美国非公开 (私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者。

自然增长值本金增值适用于多种工具,指名义本金在工具(如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权)的期限内连续增长。

应计制;权责发生制应计利息美国商品交易所酸性测验比率;速动比率收购全面一致;全盘的一致行动;合谋活动资产;有收益资产活动资本现货市场现货价实际可用年期精算师;保险统计专家亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank 的英文缩写 )美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证(参见 American Depository Receipt 栏目)美国存托股份(American Depository Share 的英文缩写 )从价;按值从价印花税Adjudicator Adjustable rate mortgage (ARM)Admitted value AdvanceAffiliated companyAfter dateAfter-hours dealing After-marketAfter-tax profits Afternoon sessionAge dependency (ratio) Agency account 审裁员调息按揭认可值垫款关联公司;联营公司发票后,出票后收市后交易后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。

证券市场行为金融中英文对照外文翻译文献

证券市场行为金融中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译文献中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文翻译:Behavioral Finance1. IntroductionBehavioral finance is the paradigm where financial markets are studied using models that are less narrow than those based on Von Neumann–Morgenstern expected utility theory and arbitrage assumptions. Specifically, behavioral finance has two building blocks: cognitive psychology and the limits to arbitrage. Cognitive refers to how people think. There is a huge psychology literature documenting that people make systematic errors in the way that they think: They are overconfident, they put too much weight on recent experience, etc. Their preferences may also create distortions. Behavioral finance uses this body of knowledge rather than taking the arrogant approach that it should be ignored. Limits to arbitrage refers to predicting in what circumstances arbitrage forces will be effective, and when they will not be.Behavioral finance uses models in which some agents are not fully rational, either because of preferences or because of mistaken beliefs. An example of an assumption about preferences is that people are loss averse—a $2 gain might make people feel better by as much as a $1 loss makes them feel worse. Mistaken beliefs arise because people are bad Bayesians. Modern finance has as a building block the Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH). The EMH argues that competition between investors seeking abnormal profits drives prices to their “correct” value. The EMH does not assume that all investors are rational, but it does assume that markets are rational. The EMH does not assume that markets can foresee the future, but it does assume that markets make unbiased forecasts of the future. In contrast, behavioral finance assumes that, in some circumstances, financial markets are informationally inefficient.Not all misvaluations are caused by psychological biases, however. Some are just due to temporary supply and demand imbalances. For example, the tyranny of indexing can lead to demand shifts that are unrelated to the future cash flows of the firm. When Yahoo was added to the S&P 500 in December 1999, index fund managers had to buy the stock even though it had a limited public float. This extra demand drove up the price by over 50% in a week and over 100% in a month. Eighteen months later, the stock price was down by over 90% from where it was shortly after being added to the S&P.If it is easy to take positions (shorting overvalued stocks or buying undervalued stocks) and these misvaluations are certain to be corrected over a short period, then “arbitrageurs” will take positions and eliminate these mispricings before they become large. However, if it is difficult to take these positions, due to short sales constraints, for instance, or if there is no guarantee that the mispricing will be corrected within a reasonable timeframe, then arbitrage will fail to correct themispricing.1 Indeed, arbitrageurs may even choose to avoid the markets where the mispricing is most severe, because the risks are too great. This is especially true when one is dealing with a large market, such as the Japanese stock market in the late 1980s or the US market for technology stocks in the late 1990s. Arbitrageurs that attempted to short Japanese stocks in mid-1987 and hedge by going long in US stocks were right in the long run, but they lost huge amounts of money in October 1987 when the US market crashed by more than the Japanese market (because of Japanese government intervention). If the arbitrageurs have limited funds, they would be forced to cover their positions just when the relative misvaluations were greatest, resulting in additional buying pressure for Japanese stocks just when they were most overvalued!5. ConclusionsThis brief introduction to behavioral finance has only touched on a few points. More extensive analysis can be found in Barberis and Thaler (2003), Hirshleifer (2001), Shefrin (2000), and Shiller (2000).It is very difficult to find trading strategies that reliably make money. This does not imply that financial markets are informationally efficient, however. Low-frequency misvaluations may be large, without presenting any opportunity to reliably make money. As an example, individuals or institutions who shorted Japanese stocks in 1987–1988 when they were substantially overvalued, or Taiwanese stocks in early 1989 when they were substantially overvalued, or TMT stocks in the US, Europe, and Hong Kong in early 1999 when they were substantially overvalued, all lost enormous amounts of money as these stocks became even more overvalued. Most of these shortsellers, who were right in the long run, were wiped out before the misvaluations started to disappear. Thus, the forces of arbitrage, which work well for high-frequency events, work very poorly for low-frequency eventsBehavioral finance is, relatively speaking, in its infancy. It is not a separate discipline, but instead will increasingly be part of mainstream finance.行为金融1.引言行为金融学就是用来研究金融市场的一种新型的模型。

市场有效性、长期收益与行为金融学---尤金·法玛

市场有效性、长期收益与行为金融学---尤金·法玛

市场有效性、长期收益与行为金融学1尤金·法玛芝加哥大学商学院,芝加哥,IL 60637,美国1997年3月17日收稿;1997年10月3日校订摘要市场有效在研究长期收益的文献里存有挑战。

与市场有效假说并存的异象是机会结果,对信息的明显的过度反应和反应不足同样常见,并且关于事件前的异常收益,其事件后的延续和事件后的反转出现的概率一样频繁。

最重要的是,与市场有效预言一致的是,明显的异象可以归因于方法问题,技术方法上的合理改变能让大多数的长期收益异象倾向于消失。

(1998 Elsevier科学有限公司保留所有版权)JEL分类:G14;G12关键词:市场有效性;行为金融学1.引言法玛等人(1969)的事件研究,在股票价格如何对信息作出反应方面提供有用的证据。

许多研究聚焦于一个日期确定的事件在短期时间窗口前后几天的收益。

这一方法的优势是,因为每天的预期收益接近于零,预期收益模型对异常收益的推论没有大的影响。

1聚焦于短期收益窗口的研究假设是,任何滞后窗口在价格对事件的反应是短暂的。

有一个发展中的文献质疑这种假设,它认为股票价格对信息的调整缓慢,所以必须用长远的眼光检验收益,来获取市场无效的一个全视图。

如果接受他们提出的结论,最近许多关于长期收益的研究都表明市场无效,具体地说就是,对于信息的长期的反应不足或过度反应。

然而现在我们质问这个学科,总的来看,效率是否应该被丢弃。

我的回答是绝对不行,有以下两个原因。

首先,一个有效的市场产生各种类别的事件,个别事件暗示价格对信息反应过度。

但在一个有效率的市场,明显的反应不足将和反应过度一样频繁。

如果异象在反应不足和反应过度之间随机发生,他们将导致市场有效。

我们应当看到,明显的反应过度和反应不足之间大致平均的分布可以很好的描述现有异象。

其次,更重要的是,如果长期收益的异象很大以至于不能归因于概率,那么在过度反应和反应不足之间的平均分布是市场效率的胜利。

然而我们发现,长期1Brad Barber,David Hirshleifer,S.P.Kothari,Owen Lamont,Mark Mitchell,Hersh Shefrin,Robert Shiller,Rex Sinquefield,Richard Thaler,Theo Vermaelen,RobertVishny,Ivo Welch 的评论和审阅对本文有过帮助。

英汉对照金融词汇

英汉对照金融词汇

ABC1 社交等级abnormal return 异常回报absolute return 绝对回报acceptances 认购accepting house 承兑商行accounting rate of return ARR会计收益率accounting standards 会计尺度accrual principle 权责发生制accruals 应付款项accrued interest 应计利息,待付利息acid test ratio 酸性测试比率acquisition 收购acquisitive growth 收购增长active investing 积极投资activist shareholder 维权股东actuary 保险精算师adjusted EPS 调整后每股收益adjusted operating profit 调整后营运利润adjusted present value 调整后净现值administrative receivership 接管人adverse opinion 否认定见adverse selection 〔保险业〕反向选择advertising elasticity 广告弹性advisory broking 咨询经纪affinity fraud 关联欺诈行为agency cross 交叉代办署理agency theory 代办署理理论algorithmic trading 算法交易all or nothing order 最低限量交易allotment 分配alpha fund 阿尔法基金alternative investments 另类投资American options 美式期权annual effective rate AER 实际年利率annual general meeting 年度股东大会annual report 年度陈述annuity 年金arbitrage 套利arbitrage pricing theory APT套利订价理论arbitraguer 套利者arithmetic mean 算术平均值asset allocation 资产配置asset backed securities ABS资产典质证券asset stripping 资产拆卖asset turnover 资产周转率assets disposal 资产措置assets restructuring 资产重组assets under management AUM 办理资产规模,办理资产额associated company 联营公司assurance 〔对必然发生之事如人寿〕保险At the money 平价期权,等价期权audit opinion 审计定见automated trading system 自动交易系统available seat kilometers ASK 可售座位公里available tonne kilometers 〔航空公司〕可操纵吨公里average cost 平均本钱average down 〔向下〕摊平,均值下移average revenue per user ARPU平均每用户收入average up 向上摊平back office 后勤部分back testing 回溯测试backfill bias 回填偏差backward integration 后向一体化backwardation 现货溢价bad news 利空动静bancasurance 银行保险Barrel of Oil Equivalent BOE油当量桶barrier options 障碍期权barrier to entry 进入壁垒basic earning per share 根本每股收益basis point 基点basis risk 基差风险bear raid 空头袭击bear sqeeze 空仓压力,空头轧平bear trap 空头陷阱bearer securities 不记名证券behavioral finance 行为金融学benchmarking 基准化阐发方法BMKbeneficial owner 受益所有人beta 贝塔系数,评估证券系统风险性的东西bid price 买房价格bid-offer spread 买卖价差billion barrels of oil equivalent BBOE亿桶油当量binary options 二元期权,固定收益期权FRO,数字期权DO black swan 黑天鹅效应blue chip 蓝筹股bond duration 债券存续期,久期,持续期bonus issue 红股book to bill ratio 订货出货比book value 账面价值bottom fishing 抄底boutique 小型投资银行brand dilution 品牌淡化brand extention 品牌延伸break even 出入相抵brent crude 布伦特原油building society 典质银行bulge bracket 大型投资银行bull run 牛市bulldog bond 猛犬债券〔非英国企业在伦敦发行的债券〕bullet bond 一次性归还债券,最普通的债券vanilla bond bundling 绑缚发卖buy and hold 买入并持有buy in management buy out BIMBO内部外部办理者联合收购buy-side analyst 买方阐发师cable 英镑同美元兑换比例称为cable call auction 调集竞价call options 看涨期权cannibalism 〔企业几个部分内部〕自我竞争capex capital expenditure 本钱支出capital adequacy 本钱充沛率capital asset pricing model CAPM本钱资产计价模型capital gains 本钱回报率capital reduction 减资capitalisation issue, scrip issue 资金股本化carried interest 附带权益carry trade 利差交易cash conversion cycle 现金周转周期cash cost 现金本钱cash flow per share 每股现金流cash shell 空壳公司cashflow statement 现金流量表catastrophe bonds 灾难债券cathode metal 阴极金属CDO squared 二次合成典质债务契约central counterparty 共同敌手方Ceteris paribus 假定其他条件不变chartered financial analyst CFA特许金融阐发师chartist 行情预测专家chinese wall 中国墙churning 炒单circuit breaker 熔断制度claims equalisation reserve 理赔筹办金claims ratio 赔付率clean price 净价交易clearing and settlement 结算clearing house 结算所clinical trials 临床查验close period 封闭期close position 平仓closet tracker 本应是积极投资但过于保守和指数基金很像cockroach theory 蟑螂效应collateral bond obligation 担保债券凭证collateral loan obligation CLO担保贷款凭证collateralized debt obligation CDO担保债务凭证collective investment vehicle 集体投资组合东西combined ratio 综合赔付率commercial paper CP商业单据commoditization 商品化company secretary 公司秘书complementary goods 互补商品compound annual growth rate CAGR复合年增长率compounding 复利compulsory aquisition 强制收购concert party 协同控股人confirmation bias 确认偏误conglomerate 混合联合企业conglomerate discount 集团折价,consolidated account statement 合并会计报表constructive liability 推定责任contango 期货溢价Contingent convertible bonds coco bonds或有可转换债券contingent liability 或有债务continuing operations 持续性经营continuous time finance models 持续时间金融模型contract for difference CFD差价合约,一种金融衍生品contrarian investing 逆向投资法contribution margin 边际收益control premium 控制权溢价conversion ratio 转换比率convertible arbitrage 可转换套利convertible bonds 可转换债券core and satellite 核心-卫星办理方法core business 核心业务corporate action 公司行为corporate social responsibility CSR企业社会责任correction 股市调整correlation coefficient 关联系数cost income ratio 本钱收入比率cost of capital 本钱本钱cost of goods sold COGS主营业务本钱cost-plus pricing 本钱加成订价法counter-cyclical 反周期counterparty risk 交易敌手风险coupon 票息coupon rate 票面利率covered interest arbitrage 抵补套利covered warrants 备兑认股权证crash 股市崩盘creative accounting 创意性会计credit default swap CDS信贷违约掉期、信贷违约互换credit rating 信用评级credit risk 信用风险creditor days 应付账款天数cross elasticity 需求交叉弹性cross licensing 交叉许可cross selling 交叉发卖cumulative preference share 堆集优先股current assets 流动资产current assets ratio 流动资产比率=流动资产/流动负债current cost accounting 现行本钱会计current liabilities 流动负债custodian bank 托管银行customer aquisition cost 客户购置本钱customer relationship management CRM 客户关系办理cyclical 周期性〔相对防御性、反周期性〕cyclically adjusted PE ratio CAPE经周期性调整市盈率dark fibre 暗纤dark pool 黑池交易data revenues 数据业务收入day trading 日内交易dead cat bounce 死猫式反弹debenture 公司债券,无担保债券debt asset ratio 资产负债率debt covenant, banking covenant 债务契约debt service cover ratio 债务偿付比率debt/equity ration 债务股本比debtor days 预收账款天数de-equitization 去股权化defensive patent 防御性专利deferred income 递延收益deferred shares 延迟派息股deferred tax 延递税项delivery 交割delivery vs. payment DVP 货银对于制度delta Delta=期权价格变化/期货价格变化delta hedging delta对冲dematerialized securities 无纸化证券demerger 分拆diluted EPS 摊薄每股收益direct cost 直接本钱disclosure 披露discount broker/execution only 折扣经纪人discounted cash flow 贴现现金流discrete time finance models 离散时间金融模型discretionary broking 全权委托经纪diseconomies of scale 规模不经济disruptive technology 颠覆性技术distributable reserve 可分配储藏金diversifiable risk 可分散风险dividend discount model 股息贴现模型dividend irrelevance theory 红利无关理论dividend re-investment plan 股息再投资方案dividend yield ratio 股息率Dogs of the Dow 狗股理论double entry 复式记账法dow jones industrial averages DJIA道琼斯工业平均指数drug pipeline 新药开发工程储藏dry natural gas 枯燥天然气,成品天然气dual listing 两地上市due diligence 财政尽职查询拜访duopoly 双寡头垄断Dutch disease 荷兰病dynamic hedge 动态对冲dynamic provisioning 动态筹办金earnings accretive 〔收购〕业绩增厚earnings before interest and tax EBIT息税前利润earnings dilutive 〔收购〕业绩摊薄earnings yield 收益率EBITDA 息税折旧及摊销前利润EBITDA margin 息税折旧摊销前利润率econometrics 计量经济学economic added value EV A经济附加值effective gearing 有效杠杆率efficient frontier 有效前沿efficient market hypothesis 有效市场假说efficient portfolio 有效资产组合electronic communication network 电子通讯网络embedded computers 嵌入式电脑embedded value 内含价值enhanced index 增强型指数基金enterprise resource planning 企业资源方案〔软件〕enterprise value 企业价值EPS earnings per share 每股收益equity risk premium 股权风险溢价ethical investing 道德投资eurobond 国际债券eurocurrency 欧洲货币eurodollar 欧洲美元european options 欧式期权exceptional item 特殊工程excercise price 行使价格excess return 额外回报exchange rate risk 汇率风险Exchange Traded Funds 交易所交易基金ex-dividend 除息execution risk 执行风险exotic options 奇异期权expected return 预期收益,预期回报expense ratio 开支比率,费用率ex-rights 除权extroadinary general meeting 股东出格大会extroadinary item 非经常工程F score Piotroski 皮氏分数fabless semiconductor company 无厂半导体公司face value 〔股票〕票面价值factoring 保付代办署理,保理fair value 公允价格fast market 速动市场fat tails 厚尾fill or kill FOK 成交或打消finance lease 融资租赁资产financial economics 金融经济学first in first out FIFO 先进先出first mover advantage/pioneer advantage 先驱优势Fisher hypothesis 费雪效应fixed asset turnover 固定资产周转率fixed assets 固定资产fixed costs 固定本钱fixed interest rate 固定利率fixed odds betting terminals 固定赔率终端机floating interest rate 浮动利率floating rate note FRN浮动利率本票footfall 客流量forward contract 远期合约forward integration 前向一体化forward rate 远期汇率forwardation 期货溢价free asset ratio 自由资产比率free cash flow 自由现金流free float 自由浮动front office 办理部分front running 抢先交易FTSE index 富时指数fundamental analysis 根本面阐发fungible 可互换的gamma Gamma=delta的变化/期货价格的变化GDP delfator GDP平减指数gearing 杠杆比率generally accepted accounting principles GAAP一般公认会计准则generic drug 通用名药物geometric mean 几何平均值Giffen good 吉芬商品,生活必需品global depository receipt 全球存托凭证going concern 持续经营golden share 黄金股good news 利好动静goodwill 商誉Gordon growth model 戈登增长模型government bonds 国库券greater fool 最大笨伯理论greeks 希腊字母delta,gamme,etc. green mail 绿票讹诈gross margin 毛利率gross price/dirty price 含息价格gross profit 毛利growth investing 成长型投资guaranteed debt 担保债券haircut 估值折扣,剃头harmonized index of consumer index 调和消费者物价指数hedonic price index 特征价格指数high frequency trading 高频交易historical cost 原始本钱historical PE 历史市盈率horizontal integration 横向一体化,程度一体化hybrid security 混合证券iceberg order 冰山指令Imbedded Value 内含价值immediate or cancel order 当即执行或打消指令impairment 〔某项资产〕减损implied volatility 隐含波动性in the money 实值期权income effect 收入效应income elasticity 收入弹性index futures 指数期货index tracker 指数基金inferior good 劣质商品initial public offerings 初次公开募股initial share 原始股insolvent 无债务归还能力inter-dealer broker 交易商经纪interest coverage 利息覆蓋率=EBITDA÷利息支出interest margin 利息收益率interest rate parity 利率平价interest rate risk 利率风险interest spread 利差交易internal rate of return 内部报答率International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS国际财政陈述准则International Securities Identification Number ISIN国际证券识别码intra-market arbitrage 跨市套利intrinsic value 〔期权〕内在价值investment trust 信托投资基金investor relations 投资者关系invoice discounting 发票贴现Islamic Banking 伊斯兰银行joint venture 合资企业JP Morgan Chase 摩根大通junior debt 次级债务junk bond 垃圾债券key performance indicators KPI关键绩效指标Laffer curve 拉弗曲线last in first out LIFO 后进先出leveraged buy-out 杠杆收购limit 涨跌停板limit order 限价指示单limited liability 有限责任liquidity premium 流动性升水理论Lloyd's of London 劳合社Loan Life Coverage Ratio LLCR负债偿债能力比率long position 多头仓位long term liabilities 持久债务look ahead bias 前视偏误macroeconomic derivatives 宏不雅经济衍生品majority shareholder 大都股东management buy in 外部办理者收购management buy out 办理层收购mandatory offer 强制要约marginal cost 边际本钱marginal revenue 边际收益mark to market 逐日盯市mark to model 按模型订价market based security MBS住房典质贷款证券market capitalization 市值market maker 做市商,庄家market neutral 〔对冲基金〕市场中性策略market order 市价订单market penetration 市场渗透market portfolio 市场投资组合market size 市场规模mean reversion 〔股票〕均值回归mechanical investing 机械化投资media convergence 媒介融合median 〔数列的〕中值megatrend 大趋势merger arbitration 合并套利mezzanine fund 夹层基金middle market 中型投资银行middle office 中间部分mid-price 中间价minority interests 少数股东利益model risk 模型风险Modified Internal Rate of Return 修正后内部报答率momentum investment 惯性投资money market fund, money fund 货币基金money multiplier credit multiplier货币乘数monoline insurance 单一险种保险monopsony 买方垄断moral hazard 道德风险Morgan Stanley Capital International MSCI摩根斯坦利国际本钱指数moving average 移动平均multi manager fund 多元经理人基金mutual funds 共同基金,投资基金Nash Equilibrium 纳什均衡negative carry 负盈利net asset value NA V资产净值Net Operating Profit After Tax NOPAT税后净营业利润net position 持仓净额net present value NPV净现值net realisable value 可变现净值network effects 网络效应,网络外部性new issue 新发行nominal interest rates 名义利率non-interest income 非利息收入non-recourse debt 无追索权债务normal distribution 正态分布notes to accounts 账项附注off-balance sheet accounting 表外会计off-balance sheet financing 表外融资offer price 卖出价,卖方价格oligopoly 寡头垄断oligopsony 寡头买主垄断,采购权垄断OPEC basket price 欧佩克石油平均价open ended investment company OEIC开放式投资公司open market operations 公开市场业务open offer 公开供股open outcry 公开喊价operating cash flow 营运现金流operating cash flow ratio 经营现金流量比率operating gearing 经营杠杆operating margin 营业利润率option 期权option writer, option seller 期权卖方ore concentrate 铁精矿organic growth 内生增长,内部增长orphan drugs 〔治罕见病的〕“孤儿药〞OTC 非处方类药物out of the money 虚值期权outstanding accounts 未清账项overnight rate 隔夜利率overtrading 过量交易,炒单pair trade 配对交易par value 票面价值Pareto Optimal 帕累托最优pari passau 权利相等passenger load factor 客座率,乘客运载率passive investing 消极投资patent troll 专利蟑螂,专利地痞payback period 投资回收期法payout ratio 股息支付率PEG 市盈率增长率perpetuity 永久年金PLUS market 英国PLUS市场point of sale 发卖点终端机poison pill 〔恶意收购的〕毒丸方案portable alpha 可转移阿尔法portfolio investment 证券投资portfolio mandate 投资委托书possible reserves 〔石油〕可能储量post-modern portfolio theory 后现代投资组合理论pre-emption rights 优先认股权premium 保险费,〔期货〕贴水premium written 签单保费prepayments 预付账款price elasticity 价格弹性price sensitive 价格敏感度price/book value 市净率price/cashflow 市现率primary market 一级市场prime brokerage 机构经纪primer operating cost 主营业务本钱principal 本金private equity 私募股权投资probable reserves 〔石油〕概算储量product differentiation 产物差别化profit margin 边际利润profit margin 发卖净利率profit warning 利润预警profit-taking 获利回吐project finance 工程融资propriety trading 自誉交易prospective PE 预估市盈率、未来市盈率prospectus 招股说明书proven oil reserves 已探明石油储量provisions 筹办金psychographics 心理变数public switched telecom network PSTN公共交换网purchase method 购置法pure play 单一经营法,单一业务put options 看跌期权put-call parity 买卖权平价关系qualified audit opinion 保留审计定见quality of earnings 收益质量quantitative easing 量化宽松quantitative finance 数量金融、计量金融quote driven 报价驱动quoted company 上市公司random walk 随机安步理论real estate investment trust 不动产投资基金real interest rates 实际利率real option 本色选择权real option 实物期权realised volatility 实际波动率receiver 接管人record date 股权登记日recovery 〔石油、矿产〕采收red chip 红筹股redeemable 可赎回的redemption yield, yield to maturity YTM到期收益率reducing balance 余额递减法registered security 实名股regulatory capital arbitrage 监管本钱套利regulatory capture theory 规制俘虏理论reinsurance 再保险reinsurance retention ratio 再保险自留比率relative PE 相对市盈率relative returns 相对回报replacement cost 重置本钱replacement cycle 〔设备〕重置周期repo rate 再买回利率repurchase agreement Repo附买回协议research and development R&D研发reserve replacement ratio 〔石油〕储量替代率reserve requirement 银行存款筹办金比率resistence line 阻力线〔向下回调的高点〕resource curse “资源诅咒〞retail format 零售业态retained earning 保留利润,未分配利润retained profit 保留盈余、本钱公积return on assets 资产回报率return on average assets 平均资产回报return on capital employed ROCE已动用本钱回报return on equity 股本回报率return on investment 投资回报率revaluation reserve 重估储藏revenue recognition 收入确认reverse takeover 反向收购rights issue 股票认购权发行risk aversion 躲避风险risk diversification 分散风险risk free rate 无风险收益率risk premium 风险溢价risk weighted assets 风险加权资产sale and leaseback 售后租回sales mix 发卖组合scenario planning 情景规划scrip dividend 以股代息second board market 创业板sector PE 行业平均市盈率secular trend 持久趋势securities market line 证券市场线securitisation 证券化selection bias 选择性偏差sell-side analyst 卖方阐发师semi-variable costs 半变更本钱senior debt 优先级债务sequential growth 环比增长share consolidation 股票合并share split 股票分割shareholder's fund 股东资金short selling 卖空shrinkage 库存缩水single premium 趸交保费single price 一价定律small cap 小盘股solvency margin 〔保险公司的)偿付能力额度solvency ratio 清偿能力比率sovereign risk 主权风险sovereign wealth fund 主权财富基金special dividend 出格红利spin off/demerger 分拆〔公司〕spot price 现货价格spread 价差stamp duty 印花税standard deviation 尺度偏差static hedge 静态对冲statistical arbitrage 统计套利stock turnover/ inventory turnover 存货周转率stop loss 斩仓strike price 行使价格structured investment vehicle 布局性投资东西structured notes 布局化单据style drift 风格漂移style index 风格指数subordinated debt 次级债务subsidiary company 子公司substitution effect 〔商品的〕替代效应sum of parts valuation 〔给公司〕分类加总的估值方法sunk costs 漂浮本钱support levels 支撑位〔向上反弹的低点〕survivorship bias 保留偏差swaps 掉期synergy 协同效应systemic risk 系统性风险take position 开仓tangible common equity 有形普通股tax shield 税盾thin capitalisation 本钱弱化tier 1 capital/ core capital 核心本钱、一级本钱tier 2 capital 二级本钱total cost of ownership 总体拥有本钱tracking error 追踪误差tracking stock 追踪股票trading profit 营业利润trailing twelve months TTM比来十二个月transfer pricing 转移订价treasury bill 短期国库券treasury shares 库存股triple witching 股价指数期货、期权及个股期权同时到期。

有用的金融术语翻译

有用的金融术语翻译

有用的金融术语翻译financial markets 金融市场savings and loans 储蓄存款与借款credit unions 信用社mortgages 抵押贷款(指房屋,土地等)auto loans 汽车消费贷款certificates of deposit 存款单银行对存款人将资金存放于银行一定期间所发给的证明文件,可分为可转让定存单(Negotiable CD)与不可转让定存单(Non-negotiable)managerial finance 财务管理wave of mergers 合并风浪,公司或组织的合并Common equity 普通股Par value股票的面值Retained earnings保留盈餘資產負債表中股東權益重要項目之一,表示公司的獲利保留,未以股利方式配發,並將保留盈餘做為公司長期營運資金或固定投資的資金來源。

(又稱未分配盈餘、盈餘公積、累計盈餘或保留淨利)Additional paid-in capital 附加的缴入资本(属于所有者权益)Discounted securities折价证券Treasury bills 国库券Repurchase agreement重购回协定。

Repurchase Agreement。

指资产的卖方同意在某特定日期,以特定价格再买回其所卖出资产的协议。

...Federal funds 联邦资金Banker’s acceptance银行承兑Commercial paper商业票据Certificate of deposit存款单Negotiable CD 可转让存单Eurodollar deposit 欧元存款Money market mutual funds货币市场的开放式资金Term loan定期贷款Coupon rate 票面利率General obligation bond市政债券可分两大类: (1)一般信用担保债券(generalobligation bond): 并无与特别项目挂钩的市政债券,其本息的偿付来自发行当局的综合收入--主要为地方政府的各种税收;Debenture 公司债券Subordinated debenture subordinated debenture次位债券. 一种无担保债券,发行机构万一破产,求偿顺位低于其他债券。

常见的金融词汇中英对照

常见的金融词汇中英对照

常见的金融词汇中英对照1. 金融市场 (Financial Markets)金融市场是指用于实现资金交易和资金融通的场所,包括股票市场、债券市场、外汇市场和商品市场等。

•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.•外汇市场 (Foreign Exchange Market): the market for trading foreign currencies.•商品市场 (Commodity Market): the market for trading commodities such as oil, gold, and agricultural products.2. 资本市场 (Capital Market)资本市场是指长期融资和投资的市场,包括股票市场和债券市场等。

•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.3. 证券 (Securities)证券是指可以转让和交易的金融工具,包括股票、债券、证券投资基金等。

•股票 (Stocks): shares of ownership in a company that can be bought and sold on a stock market.•债券 (Bonds): debt securities issued by governments, corporations, or other organizations to raise capital.•证券投资基金 (Mutual Funds): investment funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, orother securities.4. 风险管理 (Risk Management)风险管理是指识别、评估和处理金融交易和投资中的各种风险,以减少损失和提高效益。

经济金融术语汉英对照

经济金融术语汉英对照

经济金融术语汉英对照表 HH合理预期 rational expectation核心资本 core capital合资企业 joint-venture enterprises红利 dividend宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives(or targets)坏账 bad debt还本付息 debt service换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings汇兑在途 funds in float汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank 汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates活期存款 demand deposits汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership货币政策态势 monetary policy stance货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers经济金融术语汉英对照表 DD打白条 issue IOU大额存单 certificate of deposit(CD)大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline大一统的银行体制(all-in-one)mono-bank system呆账(请见“坏账”) bad loans呆账准备金 loan loss reserves(provisions)呆滞贷款 idle loans贷款沉淀 non-performing loans贷款分类 loan classification贷款限额管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism代理国库 to act as fiscal agent代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans倒逼机制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 道德风险 moral hazard地区差别 regional disparity第一产业 the primary industry第二产业 the secondary industry第三产业 the service industry;the tertiary industry递延资产 deferrable assets订货不足 insufficient orders定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources东道国(请见“母国”) host country独立核算 independent accounting短期国债 treasury bills对冲操作 sterilization operation;hedging对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector多种所有制形式 diversified ownership经济金融术语汉英对照表 E-FE恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation二级市场 secondary marketF发行货币 to issue currency发行总股本 total stock issue法定准备金 required reserves;reserve requirement法人股 institutional shares法人股东 institutional shareholders法治 rule of law房地产投资 real estate investment放松银根 to ease monetary policy非现场稽核 off-site surveillance(or monitoring)非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations分税制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system分业经营 segregation of financial business(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露(风险敞口) risk exposure风险管理 risk management风险意识 risk awareness风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard服务事业收入 public service charges;user's charges扶贫 poverty alleviation负增长 negative growth复式预算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account 经济金融术语汉英对照表 GG改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint-equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment规范行为 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有经济(部门) the state-owned(or public)sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)国有制 state-ownership国有资产流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities 过度膨胀 excessive expansion过热迹象 signs of overheating经济金融术语汉英对照表 JJ基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate基准利率 benchmark interest rate机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions机会成本 opportunity cost激励机制 incentive mechanism积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory挤提存款 run on banks挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses)技改投资 investment in technological upgrading技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status计划经济 planned economy集体经济 the collective sector加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment加工贸易 processing trade加快态势 accelerating trend加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration加权价 weighted average price价格放开 price liberalization价格形成机制 pricing mechanism减亏 to reduce losses简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures交投活跃 brisk trading缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves结构扭曲 structural distortion结构失调 structural imbalance结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance结构优化 structural improvement(optimization)结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange金融脆弱 financial fragility金融动荡 financial turbulence金融风波 financial disturbance金融恐慌 financial panic金融危机 financial crisis金融压抑 financial repression金融衍生物 financial derivatives金融诈骗 financial fraud紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility经济特区 special economic zones(SEZs)经济体制改革 economic reform经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth经济制裁 economic sanction经营自主权 autonomy in management景气回升 recovery in business activity境外投资 overseas investment局部性金融风波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance经济金融术语汉英对照表 M-PM买方市场 buyer's market卖方市场 seller's market卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo贸易差额 trade balance民间信用 non-institutionalized credit明补 explicit subsidy明亏 explicit loss名牌产品 brand products母国(请见“东道国”) home countryN内部控制 internal control内部审计 internal audit内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong内债 domestic debt扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one 扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives(RCCs)P泡沫效应 bubble effect泡沫经济 bubble economy培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth 片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth平衡发展 balanced development瓶颈制约 bottleneck(constraints)平稳回升 steady recovery铺底流动资金 initial(start-up)working capital普遍回升 broad-based recovery配套人民币资金local currency funding of…。

经济金融术语汉英对照表 S-T

经济金融术语汉英对照表 S-T

经济金融术语汉英对照表 S-TS三角债 chain debts;inter-enterprise arrears善政廉政 good governance商业贷款 commercial loans上市公司(publicly)listed corporations设备利用 capacity utilization社会保障 social safety net;social security (insurance)深层次矛盾 deep-rooted structural imbalance审批金融机构 to license financial institutions 审慎监管 prudential supervision生产能力闲置 unutilized capacity生息资产 interest-bearing assets实际利用外资 disbursement of foreigncapital;actual inflow of foreign investment 实际有效汇率 real effective exchange rate实时 real time实收资本 paid-in capital实现利润 realized profit市场分割 market segmentation市场经济 market economy市场占有率(市场份额) market share市场准入 market access(指商品和劳务的进入);market entry(指机构的审批)市价总值 market capitalization适度从紧 appropriately tight适时调节 timely adjustment收回对金融机构贷款 to recall central bank loans (to financial institutions)税后还贷 amortization(repayment of loans)after tax税收流失 tax erosion税源不足 weak tax base私营经济(私人经济) the private sector私有制 private ownership所有者权益owner’s equityT逃税(请见“避税”) tax evasion套汇(1)指合法:currency swap;arbitrage(2)指非法:illegal purchase of foreign exchange剔除季节性因素 seasonally adjusted调节流动性 to influence liquidity level贴现窗口 discount window同比 on year-on-year basis;over the same period of the previous year同业拆借(放) inter-bank borrowing(lending)同业拆借市场利率(中国) CHIBOR(China inter-bank offered rate)同业融通票据 inter-bank financing bills同业往来 inter-bank transactions透支 overdraft退税 tax refund(rebate)头寸 position吞吐基础货币 adjustment of monetary base脱媒现象 disintermediation。

金融英语考试短语英译汉

金融英语考试短语英译汉
cash market(1) 现货市场
Cash value life insurance(6) 现金价值的寿险存单
Central Liquidity Facility(3) 中央流动机构
certificates of deposit(2) 定期存单
Closed-End Funds(7) 封闭式基金
Money center banks(3) 货币中心银行
Money market mutual fund(3) 货币市场共同基金
Money market(1) 货币市场
Monoline Insurance Companies(6) 单线保险公司
Mortgage banking(3) 抵押银行业务
Separate account products(6) 独立账户产品
Separately managed account (SMA)(7) 独立管理账户
absolute return(2) 绝对收益
agency problem(1) 代理问题
Annuity(6) 年金
arbitrage strategy(2) 套利策略
arbitrage(1) 套利
asset/liability management(2) 资产/负债管理
assets under management(2) 管理资产
credit risk(2) 信用风险
crediting rate(6) 发放贷款利率
debt instrument(1) 债务工具
Debt market(1) 债务市场
Default risk(1) 违约风险
defined benefit plan(8) 固定收益计划

市场有效性与行为金融

市场有效性与行为金融
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关于效率市场的研究
1960年代的研究 很多经济学家、统计学家进行了研究,如Paul Samuelson, Beniot Mandelbrot, and Stuart Kendall。 1964年, Paul Cootner, MIT教授, 出版了一本很有影响的 书“ 股票价格的随机特征” ——“The Random Character of Stock Prices” 。 Jensen对共同基金的研究发现“从1955年到1964年,共同基 金的收益率水平比市场的平均收益率低15%,115只基金中 只有26只的表现优于市场”。
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9
市场对新信息的反应
效率市场
全部信息
在 t = 0对于利好消息 的有效反应
公开信息
P0
历史 信息
t =0
t
在 t = 0对于利空消 息的有效反应
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反应不足紧接着过度反应 以及价格反转
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关于效率市场的研究
博士论文: 一个年轻的法国数学家, Louis Bachelier, 的博士论 文: “投机的理论”, “The Theory of Speculation”,1900 “这个主题相对于我们的(博士)候选人习惯于处理的问题似乎有点 遥远” • 在他的那个时代,他并不成功,不为人知;直到1954才被Savage发 现;在Paul Samuelson 早期关于投机的研究中Bachelier 的影响是 很明显的 主要结论: – 市场作为一个投机者的整体,在给定时刻可以相信价格既不会上升, 也不会下降。 – 公平交易,投机者的期望收益为0。 – 市场上最合理的价格就是当前的价格。 – 市场波动的规模按时间的平方根增大。
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法玛(JoF, 1991) “关于市场有效性的最明 显的证据来自于事件研究, 尤其是对于日 收益的事件研究。 … 这些结果表明 : 总体平均来看,对于投资决策、 分红政策 变化、资本结构改变以及 公司控制性交易 [兼并,重组等] 信息,股票价格的调整非 常迅速”

金融常用词汇的中英文对照及注解.

金融常用词汇的中英文对照及注解.

英文术语中文翻译详细解释Accelerated Depreciation 加快折旧任何基于会计或税务原因促使一项资产在较早期以较大金额折旧的折旧原则Accident and Health Benefits 意外与健康福利为员工提供有关疾病、意外受伤或意外死亡的福利。

这些福利包括支付医院及医疗开支以及有关时期的收入。

Accounts Receivable (AR) 应收账款客户应付的金额。

拥有应收账款指公司已经出售产品或服务但仍未收取款项Accretive Acquisition 具增值作用的收购项目能提高进行收购公司每股盈利的收购项目Acid Test 酸性测试比率一项严谨的测试,用以衡量一家公司是否拥有足够的短期资产,在无需出售库存的情况下解决其短期负债。

计算方法:(现金 + 应收账款 +短期投资)‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾流动负债Act of God Bond 天灾债券保险公司发行的债券,旨在将债券的本金及利息与天然灾害造成的公司损失联系起来Active Bond Crowd 活跃债券投资者在纽约股票交易所内买卖活跃的定息证券Active Income 活动收入来自提供服务所得的收入,包括工资、薪酬、奖金、佣金,以及来自实际参与业务的收入Active Investing 积极投资包含持续买卖行为的投资策略。

主动投资者买入投资,并密切注意其走势,以期把握盈利机会Active Management 积极管理寻求投资回报高于既定基准的投资策略Activity Based Budgeting 以活动为基础的预算案一种制定预算的方法,过程为列举机构内每个部门所有牵涉成本的活动,并确立各种活动之间的关系,然后根据此资料决定对各项活动投入的资源Activity BasedManagement以活动为基础的管理利用以活动为基础的成本计算制度改善一家公司的运营Activity Ratio 活动比率一项用以衡量一家公司将其资产负债表内账项转为现金或营业额的能力的会计比率Actual Return 实际回报一名投资者的实际收益或损失,可用以下公式表示:预期回报加上公司特殊消息及总体经济消息Actuary 精算保险公司的专业人员,负责评估申请人及其医疗纪录,以预测申请人的寿命Acquisition 收购一家公司收购另一家公司的多数股权Acquisition Premium 收购溢价收购一家公司的实际成本与该公司收购前估值之间的差额Affiliated Companies 联营公司一家公司拥有另一家公司少数权益(低于50%)的情况,或指两家公司之间存在某些关联Affiliated Person 关联人士能影响一家企业活动的人士,包括董事、行政人员及股东等After Hours Trading 收盘后交易主要大型交易所正常交易时间以外进行的买卖交易After Tax Operating 税后营运收入一家公司除税后的总营运收入。

常用金融词汇中英对照

常用金融词汇中英对照

常用金融词汇中英对照小编为大家整理了常用金融词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦! 常用金融词汇中英对照:acquiring company 收购公司bad loan 呆帐chart of cash flow 现金流量表clearly-established ownership 产权清晰debt to equity 债转股diversity of equities 股权多元化economy of scale 规模经济emerging economies 新兴经济exchange-rate regime 汇率机制fund and financing 筹资融资global financial architecture 全球金融体系global integration, globality 全球一体化,全球化go public 上市growth spurt (经济的)急剧增长have one's "two commas" 百万富翁hedge against 套期保值housing mortgage 住房按揭holdings 控股,所持股份holding company 控股公司initial offerings 原始股initial public offerings 首次公募innovative business 创新企业intellectual capital 智力资本inter-bank lending 拆借internet customer 网上客户investment payoff period 投资回收期joint-stock 参股mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人means of production 生产要素(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病医疗费用社会统筹mergers and acquisitions 并购mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业moods 人气net potato 网虫non-store seling 直销offering 新股online-banking 网上银行业online-finance 在线金融online client (银行的)网上客户paper profit 帐面收益physical assets 有形资产project fund system 项目资本金制度pyramid sale 传销recapitalize 资产重组regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团regulate 调控sell off 变现share(stock) option 期权,股票认购权smart card 智能卡slash prices 杀价spare capacity 闲置的生产能力strong growth 强劲的增长势头switch trade 转手贸易take…public 上市tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产transaction (银行的) 交易transfer payment from the exchequer 财政转移支付venture-capital 风险资本virtual bank 虚拟银行wire transfer 电子转帐。

第十五章市场有效性与行为金融学

第十五章市场有效性与行为金融学
2010-11-13 17
奠基阶段
1979年 卡那曼、特维尔斯基发表了《期望理论: 1979年,卡那曼、特维尔斯基发表了《期望理论:风 险状态下的决策分析》,提出了期望理论,研究了人 险状态下的决策分析》 提出了期望理论, 类行为与投资决策模型基本假设相冲突的三个方面: 类行为与投资决策模型基本假设相冲突的三个方面: 风险态度,心理帐户和过度自信, 风险态度,心理帐户和过度自信,并将观察到的现象 称为“认知偏差” 但由于当时EMH理论风行一时, EMH理论风行一时 称为“认知偏差”。但由于当时EMH理论风行一时,同 时人们普遍认为研究人的心理情绪对金融研究是不科 学的,并未引起人们的重视。 学的,并未引起人们的重视。
2010-11-13
6
有效市场假说前提条件的现实约束
信息公开的有效性 信息传输(即从公开到接收) 信息传输(即从公开到接收)的有效性 投资者对信息做出判断的有效性 投资者实施决策的有效性
2010-11-13
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有效资本市场的三种形式与无 效市场
有效市场的概念及其三种分类最早是美国学者Harry 有效市场的概念及其三种分类最早是美国学者Harry Roberts于1967提提出 它萌芽于1953 提提出, 1953年 Kendall关于股 Roberts于1967提提出,它萌芽于1953年M. Kendall关于股 价随机变动的发现。 Fama将有效市场理论与实 价随机变动的发现。在1970s, E. Fama将有效市场理论与实 证相结合,发展了该理论。 证相结合,发展了该理论。 信息传递方式: 信息传递方式:
第十五章 市场有效性与行为金融学
2010-11-13
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股票价格随机游走与有效市场假 说
肯德尔实证与股票价格的随机游走

常用金融术语中英对照

常用金融术语中英对照

熟练掌握名目繁多金融术语除了是专业人士的必修课外,在金融渗透、人人参与投资的时代,了解一些常用的金融术语也对普通投资者们大有益处。

本文就为你详细列举了一些常用的可中英文对照的金融术语,帮助你了解生活中的金融。

金融资产组合(Portfolio) :指投资者持有的一组资产。

一个资产多元化的投资组合通常会包含股票、债券、货币市场资产、现金以及实物资产如黄金等。

证券投资(Portfolio Investment) :国际收支中、资本帐下的一个项目,反映资本跨国进行证券投资的情况,与直接投资不同,后者涉及在国外设立公司开展业务,直接参与公司的经营管理。

证券投资则一般只是被动地持有股票或债券。

投资组合经理(Portfolio Manager):替投资者管理资产组合的人,通常获授权在约定规范下自由运用资金。

共同基金的投资组合经理负责执行投资策略,将资金投资在各类资产上。

头寸(Position) :就证券投资而言,头寸是指在一项资产上做多(即拥有)或做空(即借入待还)的数量。

总资产收益率(ROTA) :资产收益率是企业净利润与平均资产总额地百分比,也叫资产回报率(ROA),它是用来衡量每单位资产创造多少净利润的指标。

其计算公式为:资产收益率=净利润/平均资产总额×100%;该指标越高,表明企业资产利用效果越好,说明企业在增加收入和节约资金使用等方面取得了良好的效果,否则相反。

整批交易(Round Lot Trade) :指按证券和商品在市场最普遍的交易单位(例如100股为一单位)进行的交易。

交易回合(Round Turn):指在同一市场上通过对两种证券或合约一买一卖,或一卖一买的交易两相抵消。

通常在计算手续费时会提及交易回合。

缩略语有资产担保的证券(ABS)国际外汇交易商协会(ACI)现货(Actuals)亚洲开发银行(ADB)美国预托证券(ADR)非洲开发银行(AFDB)年度股东大会(AGM)另类投资市场(AIM)明日(T/N)债券有资产担保的证券(ABS)卖方报价(Ask)最优价指令(At Best)平价(At Par)拍卖(Auction)回购利率(Repo Rate)申报交易商(Reporting Dealer)债务重新安排(Rescheduling)备用贷款(Standby Loan)风险投资和新股发行增值性(Accretive)收购(Acquisition)共同行动(Acting in Concert)关联公司(Affiliate)另类投资市场(AIM)将公司资产拆卖(Asset Stripping)投资风险极高(Toxic)认购不足(Undersubscribed)承销商(Underwriter)技术分析收集(Accumulation)分析师(Analyst)柱状图(Bar Chart) :柱状图(Histogram)也叫直方图,是一种统计报告图,由一系列高度不等的纵向条纹表示数据分布的情况。

市场有效性,长期收益 和行为金融(中英文版)

市场有效性,长期收益  和行为金融(中英文版)

市场有效性,长期收益和行为金融2014-12-5目录摘要 (2)1.引言 (2)2.过度反应与反应不足:概述 (6)3. 反应过度以及反应不足的行为模型 (12)4.从长期收益得到的推论 (18)4.1 不良模型的问题 (20)4.2收益度量 (23)4.2.1收益度量:理论问题 (24)4.2.2.收益度量:统计问题 (26)4.2.3 收益度量:流通市值加权VS等权市值加权 (28)5. 各类研究的可靠性 (30)5.1 首次公开募股(IPOs)和供股(SEOs) (30)5.2兼并 (37)5.3股票分拆 (38)5.4 自我标购和股票回购 (39)5.5 证券上市 (41)5.6. 股票股利初次发放与停发 (43)5.7 分拆上市 (43)5.8. 委托书争夺 (44)6. 结论 (47)Abstract摘要Market efficiency survives the challenge from the literature on long-term return anomalies. Consistent with the market efficiency hypothesis that the anomalies are chance results, apparent overreaction to information is about as common as underreaction, and post-event continuation of pre-event abnormal returns is about as frequent as post-event reversal. Most important, consistent with the market efficiency prediction that apparent anomalies can be due to methodology, most long-term return anomalies tend to disappear with reasonable changes in technique.市场有效性理论在学术界一直饱受长期收益异常理论的争议。

市场有效性与行为金融理论

市场有效性与行为金融理论
⑴计算i只股票在(-180,-90)每日的实际收益率为:
rit
pit 1 pit 1
事件研究法
其中,t表示时间,pit和pit-1分别表示第i只股票在日期 的收盘价。
⑵计算预期收益率。在(-180,-90)期间,进行回 归:
rit i irmt it
i种股票第t日的预期收益率为
r i i rmt
事件研究法
计算i股票在﹙-60,30﹚内每日超额收益率,t日的 超额收益率为:
ARit rit rit
⑷计算所有n种样本股票在﹙-60,30﹚内每日平均超 额收益率,第t日的平均超额收益率为:
n
AARt ARit n t 1
事件研究法
⑸计算样本股票在﹙-60,30﹚内每日累积超额收益 率,第t日为:
市场有效是由那些认为无效率或效率不高的人努 力工作所促成的,这些人越多工作越努力,市场就 越有效率。
市场有效吗?
然而,大量的证据显示,任何想象的优异的 投资策略都是值得怀疑的。市场具有足够的 竞争性,只有当信息或洞察力是有差别时, 有优势的一方才会盈利,好摘的果子早就被 人摘了。
我们的结论是,市场是十分有效的,但是, 特别的勤劳、智慧或创造性实际上都可以期 待得到应有的回报。
事件研究法的应用
购并。Keown and Pinkerton﹙1981﹚选择194 个样本,对企业购并消息公布前后被购并公 司股票的额外收益进行了研究。结果与Fama 等所做的关于拆股的研究十分相似。在正式 公布购并前约15天内,CAR有显著的增长, 正式公布购并消息后,累积超额收益率无显 著变化。这一现象与效率市场假说是一致的。
相对强度检验也是模拟证券投资过程对随机游 走理论进行检验的。
次强效率市场的检验---事件研究法
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市场有效性,长期收益和行为金融2014-12-5目录摘要 (2)1.引言 (2)2.过度反应与反应不足:概述 (6)3. 反应过度以及反应不足的行为模型 (12)4.从长期收益得到的推论 (18)4.1 不良模型的问题 (20)4.2收益度量 (23)4.2.1收益度量:理论问题 (24)4.2.2.收益度量:统计问题 (26)4.2.3 收益度量:流通市值加权VS等权市值加权 (28)5. 各类研究的可靠性 (30)5.1 首次公开募股(IPOs)和供股(SEOs) (30)5.2兼并 (37)5.3股票分拆 (38)5.4 自我标购和股票回购 (39)5.5 证券上市 (41)5.6. 股票股利初次发放与停发 (43)5.7 分拆上市 (43)5.8. 委托书争夺 (44)6. 结论 (47)Abstract摘要Market efficiency survives the challenge from the literature on long-term return anomalies. Consistent with the market efficiency hypothesis that the anomalies are chance results, apparent overreaction to information is about as common as underreaction, and post-event continuation of pre-event abnormal returns is about as frequent as post-event reversal. Most important, consistent with the market efficiency prediction that apparent anomalies can be due to methodology, most long-term return anomalies tend to disappear with reasonable changes in technique.市场有效性理论在学术界一直饱受长期收益异常理论的争议。

与有效市场假说一致的是,异常现象是偶然结果,对信息的明显的过度反应与反应不足一样普遍,事前反常收益的事后延续与事后逆转一样频繁。

最重要的是,与有效市场预测一致的是,明显的异常可能是因为研究方法的原因,大多数的长期收益异常会随着合理的技术方法改进而消失。

1. Introduction1.引言Event studies, introduced by Fama et al. (1969), produce useful evidence on how stock prices respond to information. Many studies focus on returns in a short window (a few days) around a cleanly dated event. An advantage of this approach is that because daily expected returns are close to zero, the model for expected returns does not have a big effect on inferences about abnormal returns.Fama et al. (1969) 所引入的事件研究法提供了有效证据说明股价是如何对信息做出反应的。

很多研究关注的是有明确日期的短窗(几天)收益。

这种方法有一个优势:因为每天的期望收益几乎为零,这样的期望收益模型不会对异常收益的推断产生大的影响。

The assumption in studies that focus on short return windows is that any lag in the response of prices to an event is short-lived. There is a developing literature that challenges this assumption, arguing instead that stock prices adjust slowly toinformation, so one must examine returns over long horizons to get a full view of market inefficiency.关于短期收益窗的研究的假设是,对事件的价格反应的任何滞后是很短暂的。

一些后续文献质疑此假设,认为相反,股价会根据信息作出缓慢调整,因此必须通过对收益的长期调查才能得到关于市场无效性的全面认识。

If one accepts their stated conclusions, many of the recent studies on long-term returns suggest market inefficiency, specifically, long-term underreaction or overreaction to information. It is time, however, to ask whether this literature, viewed as a whole, suggests that efficiency should be discarded. My answer is a solid no, for two reasons.如果接受他们的结论,最近很多关于长期收益的研究都显示出市场无效性,具体说,就是对信息长期的反应不足和反应过度。

然而,现在是时候问问,整体来看这些文献,是不是说明有效性应该丢弃??我的答案是绝对不,原因有二。

First, an efficient market generates categories of events that individually suggest that prices over-react to information. But in an efficient market, apparent underreaction will be about as frequent as overreaction. If anomalies split randomly between underreaction and overreaction, they are consistent with market efficiency. We shall see that a roughly even split between apparent overreaction and underreaction is a good description of the menu of existing anomalies.首先,一个有效市场会生成多种事件,每个事件都显示价格对信息的反应过度。

但是在一个有效市场,显然的反应不足和反应过度发生的频率是一样的。

如果对于异常事件的反应在反应不足和反应过度两个维度进行随机分布,那就符合市场效率了。

我们会看到,明显的反应不足与过度反应大概各占一半就是对现在的异常情况很好的描述。

Second, and more important, if the long-term return anomalies are so large they cannot be attributed to chance, then an even split between over- and underreaction is a pyrrhic victory for market efficiency. We shall find, however, that the long-term return anomalies are sensitive to methodology. They tend to become marginal or disappear when exposed to different models for expected (normal) returns or when different statistical approaches are used to measure them. Thus, even viewed one-by-one, most long-term return anomalies can reasonably be attributed to chance.其次,更重要的是,如果长期收益异常如此多以至于无法归因于偶然,那么过度反应和反应不足的对半发生对于市场有效性便得不偿失了。

然而我们会发现,长期收益异常对于研究方法是敏感的。

当我们采用不同的期望(正常)收益模型或者不同的统计方法来测量时,他们就会急剧减少显现出边际性?甚至消失。

因此,即使一个一个观察,大多数的长期收益异常也能合理的归因于偶然。

A problem in developing an overall perspective on long-term return studies is that they rarely test a specific alternative to market efficiency. Instead, the alternative hypothesis is vague, market inefficiency. This is unacceptable. Like all models, market efficiency (the hypothesis that prices fully reflect available information) is a faulty description of price formation. Following the standard scientific rule, however, market efficiency can only be replaced by a better specific model of price formation, itself potentially rejectable by empirical tests.统观长期收益的研究会发现一个问题:他们很少测试市场有效性的具体替代。

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