过去分词学案

B7 Module 5 Grammar过去分词

I. 过去分词作定语

[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。

1. The recovered animals will be released soon.

2. We needed much more qualified workers.

3. Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples.

4. He is a teacher loved by his students.

5. The student dressed in white is my daughter. = The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. [自我归纳]

1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在__________之前发生，已经完成并具有________意义（见句1）。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由__________动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。

2. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词______（见句1、句2）。______作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个_______（见句3、句4、句5）。[拓展]

1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers ______________；the risen sun ____________。

2. 如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：

There is nothing changed here since I left this town.

3. 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.

[辨析] 过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：

动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是_________关系，表示动作____________；而过去分词作定语时，则表示________ 或________ 意义。如：

1. Look at that running dog.

2. Who is the girl writing a letter there?

3. The book written by Lun Xun is very popular.

II. 过去分词作表语

[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。

1. The street is lined with small shops.

2. Tom was astonished to see his father.

[自我归纳]

过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成____________结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_______。

(一)用适当形式填空。

1. The animal and plants that they found there were (astonish)

2. I was (astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found.

3. The news made us (disappoint)

4. The mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle)

5. The fierce lion looks (frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will att ack you.

(二)单选。

1. The Emperor’s New Clothes is an ______ text. All of us are ______ about it.

A. exciting; exciting

B. excited; excited

C. excited; exciting

D. exciting; excited

2. —I’m very ______ with the dish I cooked. It looks nice and smells delicious.

— Mm. It does have a ______ smell.

A. pleasant; pleased

B. pleased; pleased

C. pleasant; pleasant

D. pleased; pleasant

3. I have read plenty of books ______ by Lu Xun.

A. written

B. wrote

C. writes

D. writing

4. Lily seems very much in th e magazine, but I think it’s too expensive.

A. interested

B. interesting

C. to interest

D. to be interesting

5. All the passengers should remain when the plane is making a landing.

A. seat

B. seating

C. to be seating

D. seated

6. The computer center, _____last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

A. open

B. opening

C. having opened

D. opened

7. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour.

A. pay

B. paying

C. paid

D. to pay

8. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

—The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers.

A. to solving; making

B. to solving; made

C. to solve; making

D. to solve; made

9. _______ English is different from ______ English in many ways.

A. Spoken; written

B. Speaking; written

C. Spoken; writing

D. Speak; write

10. The woman ________ there under the tree, _______ in a blue shirt, is our headmaster.

A. sitting; wearing

B. sitting; dressed

C. seating; dressed

D. seated; dressing

11. Sandy, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ____ before the party.

A. get changed.

B. get change.

C. get changing.

D. get to change.

12. What he has done is really ____. Now his parents are _____ him.

A. disappointing; disappointed at

B. disappointing; disappointed about

C. disappointing; disappointed with

D. disappointed; disappointing by

13. Mr Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a novel.

A. tired; boring

B. tiring; bored

C. tired; bored

D. tiring; boring

14. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers ____ by her mother.

A. buying

B. being bought

C. were bought

D. bought

15. --- A woman was killed. --- Where is the body of the ______ woman?

A. murder

B. murdered

C. murdering

D. having murdered

16 .The ___ look on the girl’s face suggested that she ___ such bad news.

A. surprising, would expect

B. surprised, should expect

C. surprising, shouldn’t have been expected

D. surprised, hadn’t expected

17. You’ll find the word "psychology" _______ under "P" in your dictionary.

A. have listed

B. list

C. listed

D. listing

III. 宾语补足语

现在分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系);过去分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系)。

e.g. I heard someone calling me. I heard my name called.

巩固练习

1. _______ (污染的)air and water are harmful to people’s health.

2. The problem ________ (在会议上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.

3.He became____(兴奋) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.

4. I am ______(感兴趣) in the story.

5. I haven’t got the film ________ (冲洗)yet.

6. Do you know the man _______ (站) beside the door?

改错：

7. A breaking cup is lying on the floor.

8. The meeting holds yesterday was very important.

9. When I entered the room. I found Mary seating beside my mother.