新编商务英语阅读教程Unit 3 Text B
商务英语阅读unit3翻译
Unit11. After months of researching Northwestern on the Web and grilling friends, teachers and advisers who had gone there, Maxine pinned her hopes on getting accepted.经过数月在网上搜索并研究NW大学和仔细询问到访过NW大学的朋友、老师和顾问，Maxine 最终希望自己能被NW大学录取。
2. For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. It turns out the odds of getting into a selective college have never been worse.对于像Maxine一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说，他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。
考入一所名校的机会从未如此渺茫。
3. But admissions directors are already worrying about the shrinking pool of future applicants, especially the sliver of those who can afford to foot the $40,000 annual tab.---但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题，尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4万美元的那部分申请者。
4. Those who left private schools in the 1980s and 1990s can expect to earn 35% more in life than the average product of a state school, they found, around half of which can be attributed to education, not background.20世纪80年代和90年代中期的私立学校毕业生能够期望一生的收入比国立中学的普通毕业生多35%，他们发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所受的教育，而非背景。
商务英语阅读 Unit 3
2
Warm-up
I. Read the news on P.30 and discuss the questions. 1. What’s the source of the news? 2. What’s wrong with Starbucks according to the news? 3. What factors are considered in pricing according to Starbucks? 4. What do you think of the price of Starbucks? 5. What would you consider in the buying of one product?
( D ) 10. current price
J. 利润最大化
Comprehensive Reading
Text A
Comprehension I. Answer the following questions according to Text A.
1. What should a company consider in fixing the price of the product? 2. What methods are traditionally used in assessing pricing policies? 3. Is the low price strategy always effective? Why or why not? 4. Which objective of pricing would be the best approach for the medium-size or small business? 5. What factors should be considered in
新编剑桥商务英语unit_3 答案
—many new businesses fail (nine out of ten)
Doesn’t suit people who don’t like —suits people who don’t like to follow other system/people. to follow rules —for very independent people You have business relationship with someone else.
Speaking：Discussing a schedule
Possible Final Version
New and business: a Seminar for Young Entrepreneurs Monday 15th February 9.15-9.45 Registration and coffee 9.45-11.15 Introductions and workshop: ‘You might want it but does your customer?’ Speaker: R Thorne 11.45-1.15 Talk: ‘A good idea does not necessarily make money’ Speaker: Fiona Brewster 1.15-2.15 Lunch 2.15-3.15 talk: ‘Online businesses — the myth and the truth’ Speaker: Laszlo Reiner.’ 3.30-5.00 Mini-presentations by each participant
Listening： Advice on franchises
商务英语阅读教程3UNIT3TradeDisputes
贸易争端将迎来2008贸易政策的前景，今年的严峻，虽然齐心协力，被许多商人在方法上的改变可能阻止倒退到贸易保护主义。
在美国，经济恶化的消息再加上即将举行的选举保证慢，如果有的话，在世界范围内减少贸易壁垒，增加对美国公司的市场准入进度。
在世界各地，这些底片是由恐惧不断扩大中国的出口，缺乏在世界贸易组织（WTO ）多哈谈判的政治意愿，并不愿意在没有总统的快速的贸易伙伴作出让步到美国的强化跟踪谈判授权（又名贸易促进权）。
会有因经济和政治气候和缺乏在多哈谈判取得突破的紧张局势今年。
将会有关于所采取的行动（而不是取），因为这紧张的结果分歧。
现在的问题是，他们将如何将这些分歧进行管理，以及是否导致贸易纠纷。
默认选项是在纠纷显著增加，随着美国和其贸易伙伴的焦点会导致保护主义和歧视性政策。
大多数人会从长远来看，如果失去这种情况发生。
现在的挑战是分析多边贸易体系将面临和发展战略，以限制所产生的危害，并作为垫脚石恢复进度，当全球经济和政治气候改善的困难。
从历史上看，贸易自由化努力取得成功的只有在一个健康的全球经济气候（在乌拉圭回合谈判在1990年代初建立世界贸易组织）或经济大灾难后（总协定关税与贸易，或关贸总协定，二战结束后）。
在这种时候，政府和企业专注于必要的讨价还价，以实现更大的全球自由化。
给人以这一概念得到- 的减少你的一些贸易壁垒来保护别人的减少更感兴趣的领域，你，确认和采取行动。
那些失去保护不喜欢它，但亲自由化的力量是强大的。
相反，在有问题的经济气候，怕给人占主导地位。
政客听到更多来自选民谴责收入进口（现在全球化）和就业的不利影响比他们从那些寻求给予或接受扩大市场准入做。
在美国，这种转变是明显的在2006年的国会选举。
它每天都变得更加明显，因为经济成长放缓的迹象。
两党努力制定一个一揽子计划是值得欢迎的，但他们是极不可能提高贸易政策的画面。
与此同时，对于有利于贸易的国会多数的前景是零，而且，虽然许多美国总统候选人的保护主义论调是只是说说而已，对于一个贸易型的管理，前景是不确定的，最好的。
商务英语阅读Unit 3-叶兴国讲解
2. Nowadays it is hard to find a job. The job market is one thing but have you ever thought seriously about the question: Why can’t I find a good job? Are you down on your luck?
为未来的雇主能认同自己。
identify with : 同情；与… …产生共鸣。如： She always identifies with the loser. 她总是同情失败者。
Business English: A Reading Course
KEYS TO EXERCISES
TEXT A
I. P26-1.； P27-2.； P27-3.；
literally用在这里表示强调，如：
The old man was literally blazing with anger.
老人简直是怒火中烧。
2. Bellefonte, Pa:美国宾夕法尼亚州的一个自治镇。
Pa是邮政地名，同Pennsylvania。
TEXT A
Business English: A Reading Course
TEXT A
Business English: A Reading Course
Notes on the Text: 1. We literally spent the day looking out the window as people were leaving ... 我们简直是整
天望着窗外，看着人们离去……
KEYS TO EXERCISES
I. Discuss …
商务英语阅读教程3 课后翻译
Unit 1Text A1. 经过数月在网上搜寻并研究西北大学和仔细询问到访过西北大学的朋友、老师和咨询顾问,玛克辛最终希望自己能被西北大学录取。
2. 对于像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说,他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。
考入一所知名院校的机会从未如此渺茫。
3. 但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题,尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4 万美金费用的那部分申请者。
Text B1. 20 世纪80 年代和90 年代初期,私立中学的毕业生一生的预期收入比公立中学的普通毕业生多35%,研究人员发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所接受的教育,而非他们的背景。
2. 研究人员也尽量精确地描述私立中学施展魔力的办法:凭借更优秀的考试成绩,而不是凭借关系网带来的各种机会或者质量更高的诸如礼仪或领导方法等软技巧的教学。
3. 一位知情人士认为如下的操作不太可能:许多父母通过再抵押贷款来支付学费,但由于不稳定的房价和银行日益紧缩的信贷条件,这条路很快就走不通了。
Unit 2Text A1. 随着金砖四国(巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国)以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信不断增强,发展重点方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。
2. 非政府组织试图提高贫困人民的生活水平,公司则渴望赢得具有巨大增长潜力的市场中的消费者,非政府组织和公司之间存在着利益趋同现象。
3. 要签署加入《联合国全球契约》,公司只需承诺履行十大主要准则，例如提高环保的责任意识,反对腐败,并且每年汇报一次他们所取得的进展。
Text B1. 在为数不多的出类拔萃、堪称日本企业典范的跨国公司中，索尼一直居于领导者的地位，从特丽珑电视到索尼随身听，这些产品的成功代表了电子消费品的品质，但这个品牌正随着过去成功势头的消退而日渐衰落。
2. 出井伸之提前一年离职的决定表明公司可能比预想的还要糟糕，而他定下的 2007 年利润恢复至 10%的目标更是遥不可及。
3. 年复一年，扩张造成了行动缓慢的大型化趋向，并且索尼公司也成了日本企业界停滞不前的案例。
商务英语阅读 unit 3
II. Match the English phrases to the Chinese equivalents.
( I ) 1. skimming pricing ( J ) 2. profit-maximization ( G ) 3. sales volume ( E ) 4. price elasticity ( A ) 5. profit margin ( F ) 6. domestic price ( H ) 7. penetration pricing ( C ) 8. gross profit ( B ) 9. quoted price ( D ) 10. current price
新编商务英语阅读教程Unit 3 Part A Text A
This is the most important step How managers should inform
their customers about its product. including sales approach， marketing strategies.
This is the forth element in the
marketing mix. How manufacturers get its product to the customers.
Finding the best mix of
4Ps has become an increasingly task for most business.
Definition
can be defined as the blend of 4 Ps---Product, Price, Promotion, Placement that satisfies the demands of the chosen market segment. The 4 Ps have to fit closely together.
By Jack
end 混合 reevaluation 重新评估 disposable 用后即丢掉的 diaper 尿布 desirability 可取，值得想望 reformulate 重新配制 strategist 策略家 remedy 药品
apparel 衣服；服饰 security service 安全服务 marketing program 营销方案 have an edge over 占优势 market segment 细分市场，市场群族 disposable baby diaper 一次性婴儿尿布 generic product 非商标产品 limited warranty 有限保修 take notice 注意
商务英语unit3译文及答案
第三章市场营销学习目标：1、了解市场营销的定义2、了解市场营销的组合策略3、掌握市场细分和市场定位的方法课文一市场营销概述大约十年以前，如果你问IBM的高层管理人员他们是做什么的，他们可能会回答：“我们销售电脑的硬件和软件。
”由于缺乏市场远见，以产品为中心的IBM公司没有注重客户的需求。
因此，当客户需求改变的时候，IBM却没有进行相应的调整，公司的业绩也大幅度下滑。
到90年代初期，大企业的市场份额和蓝筹股价急剧下跌。
在这段经济低靡的时期，IBM 进行了一场具有重大意义的改革：所有的高层管理人员在与重要客户面谈之后，将客户的问题和要求上报给公司。
其实，在计算机市场，客户不但要从公司购买电脑的硬件和软件，更重要的是他们需要购买到能解决大量信息技术问题的方案。
现在，如果你要IBM的管理人员给他们的业务下个定义，他们会告诉你：“我们为客户的任何问题提供解决方案。
”大公司营销策略的转变取得了巨大的成功。
那么，什么是市场营销呢？市场营销的定义美国市场营销协会将市场营销的定义为：计划和执行观念，商品和服务的构思，定价、促销和分销以便产生满足个人、组织和社会目标的交易的过程。
IBM的营销经理们如果想要取得好的销售成绩，他们必须要明白客户的需要就是他们的目标。
如果不遵循这一原则，他们生产出来的产品将一无是处，也无人问津。
“找到客户的需求并且尽力满足”就是市场营销的主旨，换句话说，就是要“找到一个市场，并为其服务。
”市场营销组合策略一旦确定了客户的需求，营销人员就应该尽力满足这些要求，有四点需要注意，第一，要求生产出合适的产品，这是物质基础。
要使产品能尽量接近客户的要求，企业就要通过改变现有产品类型、改进产品的特点和包装或用另一种方法来描述这个产品等方式生产出“量体裁衣”型的产品。
第二点是关于交付货物的整个体系：生产者必须及时将货物运至消费者可以购买到的地方。
第三点就是消费者可以通过广告被告知这个商品的用途，营销人员应该与客户沟通，并说服他们购买。
商务英语阅读3 Unit 3 Text A
Related Background Information
影响(influences) 谈判失败恐伤世界经济 世界经济形势动荡，面临所谓“3F”危机，即金融危机 financial crisis 能源危机 fuel crisis 和粮食危机food crisis 。普遍认为，在当前形势下，达成一项全面的多哈回合贸 易协议会给世界经济注入活力，有利于使经济摆脱目前困 境。 世贸组织总干事拉米21日在此次部长级会谈开始时估计，多 哈回合协议如达成将大大促进贸易发展，每年会为全球经 济带来500亿到1000亿美元的收益。
共和党维护大资本家利益，主张贸易自由主义（
trade liberalization）；
民主党维护中小资产阶级利益，倾向贸易保护主义（
trade protectionism）。
Related Background Information
奥巴马希望“均衡贸易”
奥巴马表示欢迎与中国贸易，但中国需守规 则，且在世界均衡发展中扮演积极角色。他实际 建议中国发展内需(domestic demand)，提高内需 占GDP比重(proportion)。减少对美出口，减低美 劳工阶层失业。 “中国正崛起，她不会停止，中国人既不是我们 的敌人也不是朋友，他们是竞争者。”——奥巴 马
Related Background Information
Doha Negotiation多哈回合谈判 多哈回合贸易谈判(Doha Round of World Trade Talks ，or Doha Round negotiations)又称多哈发展议程 ，是世界贸易组织于 2001年11月在卡塔尔首都多 哈举行的世界贸易组织第四次部级会议 ( ministerial conference)中开始的新一轮多边贸易 谈判( multilateral trade negotiation)。议程原定于 2005年1月1日前全面结束谈判，但至2005年底为 止仍未能达成协议，最终于2006年7月22日世界贸 易组织总理事会的批准下正式中止。
新世纪商务英语第二版阅读教程3 王立非课文译文
新世纪商务英语第二版阅读教程3 王立非课文译文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: A Trip to the ZooHi everyone, I'm going to tell you about this really cool story from our English textbook. It's about a man named Wang Lifai who went to the zoo with some of his friends. Let me tell you all about it!So, Wang Lifai and his friends decided to visit the zoo on a sunny day. They were all excited to see all the different animals and have a fun time together. They saw lions, tigers, monkeys, penguins, and so many other animals. Wang Lifai was especially interested in the pandas because they are so cute and cuddly.While they were walking around the zoo, they also saw some elephants. One of Wang Lifai's friends tried to take a picture of the elephants, but they were moving around too much. It was really funny to watch!After walking around for a while, Wang Lifai and his friends decided to take a break and have some ice cream. They sat downat a bench and enjoyed their treats while watching the birds flying around.As they were leaving the zoo, Wang Lifai felt happy and grateful for the wonderful day he had spent with his friends. He couldn't wait to come back again and see more animals.I hope you all enjoyed the story as much as I did. It's always fun to go on adventures and make memories with friends. Thanks for listening!篇2Title: My Translation of Wang Lifei's Text in New Century Business English 2nd Edition Reading Tutorial 3Hey guys! Today I'm going to share with you my translation of the text written by Wang Lifei in the New Century Business English 2nd Edition Reading Tutorial 3. Let's get started!In the text, Wang Lifei talks about how we can improve our listening skills in English. He gives us some tips on how to do this. First, he says we should focus on understanding the main idea of what someone is saying. This means we don't have to understand every single word, but we should try to get the general meaning.Next, Wang Lifei tells us to pay attention to the context of a conversation. This means we should think about the situation and the people involved to help us understand what is being said. For example, if someone is talking about buying a car, we can guess that they are talking about different car models and prices.Another tip Wang Lifei gives us is to listen for key words and phrases. These are words that are important for understanding the main idea of a conversation. For example, if someone says "deadline" or "budget", we know that they are talking about important things that need to be done.Wang Lifei also suggests that we practice listening to different accents and speeds of English. This can help us become better at understanding different types of English speakers. Finally, he advises us to listen to English as much as possible, like watching movies or listening to music.Overall, I think Wang Lifei's tips are really helpful for improving our listening skills in English. I hope you guys find them useful too! Thanks for listening to my translation, and I'll see you guys next time! Bye bye!篇3Title: Reading Tutorial of New Century Business English Second Edition Unit 3 Translated by Wang LifeiHey guys! Today, I'm going to tell you about a cool article from the New Century Business English Second Edition Unit 3. This article is translated by Wang Lifei, and it's super interesting!The article talks about the importance of building beneficial relationships in business. It says that in today's world, it's crucial to have strong connections with people in order to be successful. Whether it's with your colleagues, clients, or suppliers, having good relationships can help you achieve your goals.The article also gives some tips on how to build and maintain these relationships. It says that you should always be honest and trustworthy, and show respect to others. You should also be a good listener, and take the time to understand other people's perspectives.In addition, the article talks about the importance of communication skills in business. It says that being able to communicate effectively is key to building strong relationships. Whether it's through face-to-face conversations, phone calls, or emails, you need to be able to express yourself clearly and professionally.Overall, this article is a great reminder of how important it is to cultivate good relationships in business. So remember, always be kind, honest, and respectful to others, and you'll be on your way to success!That's all for today, guys. I hope you enjoyed my summary of this article from the New Century Business English Second Edition Unit 3. Stay tuned for more fun and educational content!篇4Title: My Adventure with New Century Business English 3Hi everyone, I'm so excited to share with you my experience reading the text "Wang Lipei" in the New Century Business English 3 textbook. It's a super cool story about a guy named Wang Lipei who works as a timber merchant in China. Let me tell you all about it!So, Wang Lipei is a really smart dude who knows how to do business like a pro. He has to deal with a lot of challenges in his job, like negotiating deals, handling shipments, and keeping his customers happy. But he's always up for the challenge and manages to succeed in the end.One day, Wang Lipei receives a call from a customer who wants to order a large quantity of timber. He has to act fast and make sure everything goes smoothly. With his quick thinking and excellent communication skills, he is able to secure the deal and make sure the shipment arrives on time.But things don't always go as planned for Wang Lipei. He faces some tough situations, like when a shipment gets delayed or when a customer is unhappy with the quality of the timber. But Wang Lipei doesn't give up - he works hard to resolve the problems and make things right.In the end, Wang Lipei's dedication and hard work pay off. He gains the trust and respect of his customers, and his business continues to thrive. He proves that with determination and perseverance, anyone can succeed in the world of business.I had so much fun reading about Wang Lipei's adventures, and I learned a lot about business and how to handle challenges.I can't wait to see what other exciting stories are waiting for me in the New Century Business English 3 textbook!That's all for now, guys. Thanks for listening to my story! Bye!篇5Title: My Reading of New Century Business English 2 Reading Course 3 by Wang LifeiHello everyone! Today I want to share with you my thoughts on the reading text from the New Century Business English 2 Reading Course 3 by Wang Lifei. The text is about the importance of networking in the business world, and how it can help us achieve success.In the text, the author talks about how networking can help us make important connections with others in our field. By building relationships with people in the industry, we can learn new skills, gain valuable advice, and even find new job opportunities. Networking is like making new friends, but with a professional twist!The author also mentions the power of social media in networking. Platforms like LinkedIn allow us to connect with professionals all over the world, and showcase our skills and experience. It's like having a virtual business card that can open doors to new opportunities.I think the text is really inspiring and motivating. It reminds me that networking is not just about making connections, but also about building relationships and helping each othersucceed. It's a valuable skill that can benefit us in both our personal and professional lives.Overall, I really enjoyed reading this text from the New Century Business English 2 Reading Course 3. It's a great reminder of the importance of networking in the business world, and I can't wait to put what I've learned into practice. Thank you for listening to my thoughts!篇6Title: My Translation of "New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Tutorial 3" by Wang LiflyHello everyone! Today I want to share with you my translation of the text from "New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Tutorial 3" by Wang Lifly. It was a really cool text about business and it taught me a lot of new words and phrases. So here goes my translation:The text starts by talking about how global companies are increasingly using the internet to do business. It says that the internet has changed the way people buy and sell products all over the world. The text mentions that the internet has made it possible for companies to advertise and sell their productsonline, which is really convenient for both the companies and the customers.Next, the text talks about how companies can use social media to promote their products. It says that social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram are great tools for businesses to connect with their customers and build brand awareness. The text also mentions that companies can use online advertising to reach a larger audience and increase their sales.The text then goes on to discuss the importance of customer service in business. It says that companies need to provide excellent customer service in order to keep their customers happy and loyal. It also mentions that companies should listen to their customers' feedback and make changes to their products or services based on that feedback.Overall, I really enjoyed reading this text and learning about how the internet has changed the way companies do business. It was a great lesson in English and I can't wait to read more texts like this in the future!That's my translation of the text from "New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Tutorial 3" by Wang Lifly. I hope you found it helpful and interesting. Thank you for reading!篇7Title: Translating Mr. Wang Li Fei's Text in New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Course 3Hi everyone! Today I'm going to share with you the translation of a text written by Mr. Wang Li Fei in the New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Course 3. Let's dive right into it!The text talks about the importance of communication in the business world. According to Mr. Wang, communication is like a bridge that connects people and ideas. Without good communication, businesses can't succeed.He also emphasizes the need for clear and effective communication. This means using simple language, avoiding jargon, and being concise in our messages. Mr. Wang believes that when we communicate effectively, we can build trust with our colleagues and clients, and ultimately achieve our goals.In addition, Mr. Wang highlights the role of cultural differences in communication. He encourages us to be aware of cultural nuances and to be respectful of other people's customs and traditions. By understanding and embracing diversity, wecan strengthen our relationships and create a more harmonious work environment.Overall, Mr. Wang's text reminds us that communication is key in the business world. By honing our communication skills and being mindful of cultural differences, we can overcome challenges, foster collaboration, and drive success in our professional endeavors.That's all for today! I hope you found this translation helpful. Remember, communication is the key to success in business! Bye for now!篇8The story is about a businessman named Mr. David who is very busy with his work. He always goes to work early in the morning and comes home late at night. He doesn't have much time to spend with his family or friends.One day, Mr. David's friend, Mr. Smith, invited him to go fishing. Mr. David was hesitant at first because he was very busy, but Mr. Smith reminded him that it's important to take time off from work and enjoy life. So, Mr. David finally agreed to go fishing with him.While they were fishing, Mr. David realized how relaxing and refreshing it was to be away from work and out in nature. He caught some fish, laughed with his friend, and forgot about all his worries. He even made a promise to himself to spend more time with his loved ones and take breaks from work more often.After the fishing trip, Mr. David felt happier and more balanced. He learned that it's important to work hard, but it's also important to take breaks and enjoy life. From then on, he made sure to make time for his family and friends, and he felt much happier and fulfilled.So, the moral of the story is to work hard, but also remember to take breaks and enjoy life. It's important to find a balance between work and leisure to live a happy and fulfilling life.篇9Title: A Day in the Life of Wang Li FeiHi guys! Today I'm gonna tell you all about a story from the New Century Business English Reading Tutorial 3. It's about our friend Wang Li Fei and his daily routine.In the morning, Wang Li Fei gets up early at 6 o'clock. He brushes his teeth, washes his face, and gets dressed for the day. Then he has breakfast with his family before heading off to work.At work, Wang Li Fei is a busy man! He has a lot of meetings with clients and colleagues. He discusses business strategies, makes important decisions, and solves problems. He works hard to make sure everything runs smoothly.During lunchtime, Wang Li Fei likes to go out to eat with his co-workers. They chat and laugh together, and it's a nice break from the busy day.In the afternoon, Wang Li Fei continues his work. He checks emails, makes phone calls, and prepares reports for his boss. He is always focused and diligent in his work.After work, Wang Li Fei likes to relax at home. He enjoys watching TV, reading books, or going for a walk in the park. He also spends time with his family and friends, which is important to him.Overall, Wang Li Fei is a hardworking and dedicated businessman. He enjoys his work and values his relationships with others. We can all learn a lot from his positive attitude and strong work ethic.That's all for today, guys! I hope you enjoyed learning about Wang Li Fei's daily routine. Stay tuned for more fun stories from the New Century Business English Reading Tutorial 3! Bye for now!篇10Title: My Translation of Wang Lifei's Text in New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Tutorial 3Hey guys, today I'm going to share with you my translation of Wang Lifei's text in the New Century Business English Second Edition Reading Tutorial 3. This text is all about international trade and the importance of communication in business, so grab your pens and notebooks and let's get started!The text starts off by talking about how international trade has become an essential part of the modern world. It mentions how businesses from different countries have to communicate with each other to ensure smooth transactions. This is super important because without communication, misunderstandings can happen, and that could lead to problems in the business relationships.Wang Lifei then goes on to talk about the different ways businesses can communicate with each other. She mentionsface-to-face meetings, phone calls, emails, and video conferences as some of the common ways of communication. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, so it's important for businesses to choose the right one based on their needs.The text also highlights the importance of language skills in international trade. Wang Lifei emphasizes that knowing the language of your trading partner can make a huge difference in how successful your business dealings are. She encourages readers to learn new languages and improve their communication skills to succeed in the global business world.Overall, Wang Lifei's text gives us valuable insights into the world of international trade and the role of communication in business. It's a great reminder for us to always prioritize effective communication in our business dealings to ensure success and build strong relationships with our international partners. So let's keep practicing our language skills and communication abilities to thrive in the competitive world of global trade!。
新编剑桥商务英语unit-3精选全文 (2)
Speaking: Discussing a schedule
Vocabulary: Types of business
Here are three different ways to start your own business. Work in pairs and think of one advantage and one disadvantage for each approach.
• Sale trader you are self-employed and set up the business on your own.
• Partnership you are self-employed and start the business with another person. You are both equally liable.
set up concept charge launch
branch out growth fee
But being a franchisee is unlikely to satisfy the most entrepreneurial. It doesn’t suit people who don’t want to follow the system. William Ewbank, the head of franchise sales at Domino’s Pizza, says, ‘If you’re massively entrepreneurial this isn’t for you. It’s a discipline, a club with rules. There is some independence --- our franchisees can charge their own prices although we’re strict on menu content. It’s running a business with help.’
商务英语阅读unit 3
It is not new, though. For thousands of years, people—and, later, corporations—have been buying from and selling to each other in lands at great distances, such as through the famed Silk Road across Central Asia that connected China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in enterprises in other countries. In fact, many of the features of the current wave of globalization are similar to those prevailing before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.
Political Factor. There is a trend toward the unification and socialization of the global community. Preferential trading arrangements, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement, Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the European Union, that group several nations into a single market have presented firms with significant marketing opportunities. Many have moved swiftly to enter either through exporting or by producing in the area.
高职新编商务英语(第二版)阅读教程1 课件目录chapter1
Contents1ContentsPart A Text /1 Text A Business and Your Life / 1Text B Competition in Business / 9Part B Fast Reading /18Unit 1Part A Text /23 Text A Marketing Is All Around Us / 23 Text B How Marketing Serves Us / 32Part B Fast Reading /39Unit 2Part A Text /45 Text A Buying Motives / 45Text B How and Where People Buy / 53Part B Fast Reading /64Unit 3Part A Text /71 Text A Selling / 71 Text B “I ’ve Never Been Able to Bargain, Even with anArmenian Rug Dealer ” / 79Part B Fast Reading /88Unit 4Part A Text /94 Text A American Business Heroes / 94Text B Bill Gates / 102Part B Fast Reading /110Unit 5Test 1 /1172新编商务英语(第二版)阅读教程1Part A Text /Text A Types of Business Organizations Text B The Trouble with Being a Tycoon Part B Fast Reading Unit 6Part A Text /Text A Other Types of Business Organizations Text B Franchising in China: A Dead Duck?Part B Fast Reading Unit 7Part A Text /172 Text A The Coca-Cola Company ’s First Hundred Years (Ⅰ) / 172 Text B The Coca-Cola Company ’s First Hundred Years (Ⅱ) /179Part B Fast Reading /187Unit 8Part A Text /195 Text A Brand and Brand Names (Ⅰ) / 195 Text B Brand and Brand Names (Ⅱ) /205Part B Fast Reading /213Unit 9Part A Text /220 Text A Reaching China ’s Digital Consumers /220 Text B Environmentally Friendly Consumers Emerge /231Part B Fast Reading /241Unit 10Test 2 /248Some Important Reading Strategies and Skills /256Vocabulary /269Key / 284Unit 11Text ABusiness and Your LifeYou Depend on Business1 M odern business is well organized and operatessmoothly. We often accept business services, therefore, without much thought of their importance to us. Have you ever considered the many ways in which you depend on business? Business supplies the food you eat, the clothes you wear, the home you live in, and the many other goods and services used in satisfying your wants.2 M any times a week most of us are affected by business. During a certain week, for example,you may make telephone calls, have your eyeglasses repaired, ride in a taxi, consult your doctor, deposit money in your savings account, buy a new bicycle tire, or advertise for your lost dog.3 Y our home, too, depends on business in obtaining the goods and services your familyneeds. One family reported these business activities for a certain day: issued checks to pay2automobile insurance and electric bill; bought a rug and chairs; mailed a letter to order some books; paid the newsboy; hired a carpenter to repair a window frame; bought a United States savings bond at the bank; left a roll of film at the camera shop; had dinner at a restaurant.What Is Business?4Y ou frequently hear the word business in everyday conversations. Here are some expressions using the word:“How is business this month?”“What line of business is he in?”“Our firm doesa cash business.”“Business hours are 9 to 5.”“John is taking a business course.” Although youmay have a general understanding of the meaning of each statement, at this time you probably would have difficulty in giving a clear-cut explanation of business.5B usiness means different things to different people. To one person it means producing goods through farming, manufacturing, or some other industry. To another it means buying and selling merchandise.To a third person it means providing services. To a fourth it means engaging in an occupation to earna living. Each of these instances — making goods, buying and selling goods, providing services,engaging in an occupation — illustrates the meaning of business. In this article, business means the work or activities by which goods and services are provided and obtained for money payment.Some Activities Are Not Business6E nterprises such as the grocery store, the bus line, the newspaper, the electric company, and the bank are readily identified as being in business. They supply goods and services for payment.What about the laundry, the television repairman, the plumber? They, too, work for payment and are therefore engaged in business.7N ot all activities in which work is involved are classed as business. If you help a friend repair a car or paint his house, you would be working. Unless you receive payment, however, you are not taking part in business in the true sense of the word. Here is the test of whether or not an activity can be classed as business: Is payment made for the goods supplied or service performed? If money payment is required, the activity is business.Business Transactions8P roducer and consumer. To carry on business, whether it consists of producing goods, distributing goods, or providing services, three factors — people, goods, and money — are necessary.9P eople refers to both producers and consumers. Producers are the firms and workers who produceand distribute goods or services. Consumers are those who buy and use goods or services.10I ndividual wants and community wants. Goods means the products that persons or communities buy to satisfy their wants. Individual wants consist of the necessities, comforts, and luxuries of life. Goods that everyone must have, such as food, clothes, and shelter, are called necessities. Goods and services, such as books, telephones, electricity, and gas, which make life easier and more enjoyable, are called comforts. Nonessential high-quality goods, such as expensive jewelry, yachts, and custom-built cars, are called luxuries.11T he needs that arise when people live in groups are referred to as community wants. Communities must have police and fire protection, water system, highways, stores, schools, and banks.12M oney is exchanged for goods and services. Many years ago trade was carried on by barter, which is exchanging one article for another — for example, trading a knife for a pair of shoes. Today we usually pay money for what we want. The exchange of money for goods or services is a business transaction.13W e need business. Business provides us with the things we use — food, clothes, and many other products and services. Any interruption of essential activities in your community would create much hardship. Few families keep on hand enough food and other essentials for more than a brief period, and any stoppage in the flow of products would result in considerable suffering. Imagine the situation if no railroads or trucks were operating; if there were no deliveries of bread, milk, or other goods; no electricity and gas; no store, bank, factory, or restaurant open!14I f just one phase of business, such as transportation, were to suspend operations, factories would not ship their products. Soon workers would be laid off because of shutdowns; and with the loss in wages, families would have to curtail their buying. The resulting chain of events could easily bring on a condition of business paralysis. Only when the business activities of the community, the state, and the nation are functioning smoothly can there be prosperity for everyone.15F or the consumer, business supplies the goods and services he must have to live and take care of his affairs properly. For the worker business provides employment and thereby a means of earning a living. For the business owner business activities offer the opportunity to render a service and to make a profit. For the investor business provides ways to put his funds to work.16B ecause it furnishes the things we use, gives us useful work to do, offers opportunities for saving3and investing, and aids the national defense, business is truly the backbone of modern life. In fact, business is the foundation on which the existence and welfare of our people depend.(1,029 words) New Words1deposit /dI5pCzIt/vt./n. 存款2laundry /5lR:ndrI/n.洗衣店3transaction /trAn5zAkF E n/ n. 交易4 yacht /jCt/n.快艇5 suspend /sE5spend/vt.暂停6 custom-built a.(汽车、机器等)按买主的要求制造的Useful Expressions1 electric bill 电费账单2 business hours 营业时间3 engage in 从事；忙于4 grocery store 小卖部；食品杂货店5 be classed as 被归类为6 exchange sth. for sth. 用……换取7 trade sth. for sth. 拿……交换8 keep on hand 在手头保留9 put sth. to work 开始使用，投入使用10 lay off 临时裁员11 savings account (可获利息的)储蓄帐户12 savings bond (美国政府发行的)储蓄公债45Exercises1Comprehension1 Which of the following is the best definition of23 The three essentials necessary to do business are4 Which of the following is a necessity for life?5Community wants include6Barter is different from modern business transaction in that 7A8Woperations?9In the author6710 11 Oautomobile insurance and electric bill; bought a rug and chairs; mailed a letter to order2 What line of business is he in?3 A time you probably would have difficulty in giving a clear-cut explanation of business.4 E meaning of business.Vocabulary5Fand any stoppage in the flow of products would result in considerable suffering.6Iwould not ship their products.7Swould have to curtail their buying.8Ofunctioning smoothly can there be prosperity for everyone.9Fmake a profit.10811 Can modern people survive without business? Why?2 What kind of business do you find most profitable? Give reasons3 What are the three kinds of individual wants? Give examples of each kind Discussionand demand.How Competition Operates3I f you set out to sell a product or service in today’s society, chances are that someone else not too far away is selling something similar. And since potential customers are free to shop where they please, you will have to compete with your rival for their business. How can you go about this?One obvious strategy is to charge lower prices.Competition Keeps Prices Down4I f your rival is selling blue jeans, say, for $28 a pair, you may try offering them for $25. The catch, of course, is that you’ll get $3 less for each pair you sell and you’ll still have to cover the same expenses —buying the jeans from the manufacturer, paying rent on your store, and so forth. How, then, can you charge less and still make a worthwhile profit? The answer — you hope — is that the lower price will attract more customers. Thus even though you make less money on each pair of jeans, you’ll sell more of them and so come out with a good overall profit. In real life, needless to say, things do not always work out so logically. But more often than not, the choices offered by the free-market system do benefit both the customer and the business owner — just as they’re supposed to in theory. This basic head-on type of competition tends to keep prices down, which is obviously good for the buying public. At the same time, it holds out the promise of great profits to the business that can sell more units of whatever its product or service happens to be.Competition Encourages Efficiency5I n addition, the nature of the free market is to encourage other forms of competition that serve the interests of both the business community and the society at large. A business owner may be able to lower prices without having to settle for a smaller profit per unit if ways can be found to improve efficiency and reduce operating costs. The merchant selling blue jeans, for example, may find that rearranging the store’s layout makes it possible to display more items in the same amount of space or that a new lighting system cuts the electric bills. Likewise, someone who refinishes furniture for a living may discover that dipping a table or chair in a large vat of chemical solvents removes the old finish faster — and thus more economically — than doing the same job by hand.Competition Promotes Quality6I nstead of cutting prices, a business may decide to compete for customers by offering higher-quality goods or services than its rivals. The price may also be higher, but those customerswho can afford it will probably be willing to pay the extra amount. Thus although a business that deals in luxury goods will not attract as many customers as, say, an average discount store, it will make more money per item and may well end up with an equal or even greater total profit. A particular benefit of this competitive approach is that it provides a practical incentive for businesses to maintain high standards of quality and increases the choices available to customers of different income levels.Competition Encourages Variety7 T he free-market system not only encourages variety in the price range for a given category ofproducts or services but also encourages an immense variety in the types of goods and services offered to the public. Changes in popular taste, technology, and the like are constantly creating new business opportunities. The possibility of profit — however remote it may be — almost invariably attracts entrepreneurs willing to risk their time or money. The result is an astonishing diversity of businesses: virtually anything you might want to buy — any product or service, no matter how obscure — is probably sold somewhere.Competition and Advertising Are Interdependent8F inally, the free-market system includes another major competitive tool, one that confronts us every day: advertising. The business that can attract more public attention or create a more favorable image for its products or services will gain a valuable edge over its competitors. To be sure, advertising does not itself improve the quality of the product being offered, and it may, in fact, add to the price. But it can spur people to buy more, and this, in turn, can help keep business operating at high capacity — and employing more workers.Supply and Demand9A s we have seen, prices in a free-market system are influenced by the competitive strategies of rival businesses. Price levels are not determined solely by the decisions of business managers, however. Price levels often respond to forces of supply and demand. In economic terms supply is the quantity of a product or service that producers are willing to provide; demand is the quantity of a product or service that consumers are willing to buy at that time.10I n basic terms, the theory of supply and demand holds that the supply of a product will tend to rise when demand is great— when people are willing to pay more for it —and fall when demand is low. By the same token, people will usually pay more for something they want that’s in short supply(as anyone who’s tried to buy a shovel immediately after a heavy snowfall knows); but if the product is widely available, people won’t be willing to pay as much and the sellers will have to settle for lower prices. In other words, supply and demand are continuously reacting to one another, and the balance between them at any given moment is reflected by the current price on the open market. Thus the price of a product may drop, not because a businessperson is trying to lure customers away from the competition, but because consumer demand for the product has fallen off.11I n broad terms, the forces of supply and demand combine with the profit motive in a free-market system to regulate what is produced and in what amounts. For example, a farmer in Maine might increase the amount of potatoes he plants in response to reports that a drought had damaged the potato crop in Idaho. Or a mining company, reacting to reports of increased demand for jet aircraft (which require large amounts of titanium), might decide to increase production of titanium or to open a second mine. Conversely, if reports indicated that the airlines weren’t spending much on new equipment, the mine owner might delay developing more capacity and might even lay off workers. And the potato farmer in Maine might decide to plant some of his land to parsnips if the news from Idaho was that a bumper potato crop was expected.The result of all this — in theory, at least — is that the consumers will get what they want and the producers will earn a profit by keeping tabs on public demand.(1,219 words) New Words1 refi nish/ri:5fInIF/vt.重新修光，整修……的表面2 dip /dIp/vt. 浸泡3 vat/vAt/n.大桶4 solvent/5sClvEnt/n.溶剂5 incentive/In5sentIv/n.刺激，鼓励6 category/5kAtIgErI/n.种类；范畴7 invariably/In5veErIEblI/ad.不变地，一定地8 entrepreneur/7CntrEprE5n\:/n.企业家9 diversity/daI5v\:sItI/n.差异；多样性10 edge/edV/n.边缘，优势11 shovel/5FQvl/n.铁铲12 motive/5mEUtIv/n.动机；目的13 Maine/meIn/n. 缅因州［美国州名］14 drought /draUt/n.干旱15 Idaho/5aIdEhEU/n.爱达荷州［美国州名］16 titanium/taI5teInIEm/n.钛17 parsnip/5pB:snIp/n.欧洲防风草18 bumper /5bQmpE/ a.丰盛的，特大的Useful Expressions1 be based on 根据，以……为基础2 in essence 本质上，基本上3 set out to do sth. 开始干某事4 in practice 在实践中，实际上5 chances are... 很有可能6 compete with sb.（ for sth.）与……竞争7 go about 处理，做，忙于8 in addition 另外，加之9 overall profi t 总利润10 work out 产生结果；发展11 more often than not 通常；多半12 add to 增加13 at large 全部，整个ExercisesComprehension 114 deal in经营，买卖 15 end up最后成为（处于）16 gain an edge over（稍微）胜过17 operating cost经营成本18 discount store打折店19 in short supply供应不足20 fall off跌落, 滚落下21 in response to作为对……的反应22 partial payment 分批(部分)付款1 What is a free-market system like in real life?2 According to Para. 4, why is a seller willing to lower a price?3 Wwithout having to settle for a smaller profit?4The author uses the example of luxury goods to illustrate that __________. 5What role does advertising play in competition?6According to the text, what does the price of a product reflect?7Wdemand most.8WVocabulary 11Cwhomever you choose.2Tcover the same expenses.3Tfor the buying public.4Bhigh capacity5 Price levels often respond to forces of supply and demand.6 B7 I will have to settle for lower prices.8 T and the producers will earn a profit by keeping tabs on public demand.1Discussion1 W And of all these, which one would be the most effective? Why?2WIf yes, what are they?3under what condition would that be possible? 11Who determines the value of art?A. Artists, art dealers, or critics.B. The public, art dealers, or museum directors.C. Investors, critics, or museum directors.D. Critics, art dealers, or museum directors.New Words and Expressions1 napkin /5nApkIn/ n.餐巾2 reputation /7repjU5teIF E n/ n.名声3 rectangle /5rek7tANgl/n.长方形4 art dealer 艺术经纪人ExercisesChoose the right answer.12People buy art in order __________.3Who make the greatest profits out of art?4The5We can conclude from the passage that __________.Passage Two1W e described business as all the work involved in providing people with goods and services for a profit. The last three words are important. Profit, simply put, is the money left over from all sums received from sales after expenses have been deducted. If it costs you $1.00 to produce one ofyour mousetraps and you sell it for $1.50, your profit is fifty cents (before taxes, of course).2T he element of profit is the foundation of our economic system. It is, indeed, the whole point — the “bottom line” for most business activities and enterprises. The American economic system is based on the idea that the owner of a business is entitled to keep whatever profits the business produces. It takes effort, after all, to put a desirable product or service into a useful form and then sell it to people.Furthermore, the owner may have to take a considerable financial risk. Most businesses need a substantial investment to get started, and if a new venture doesn’t succeed (and most don’t), whoever financed it stands to lose a great deal of money. It seems only fair, therefore, that someone who makes the effort and takes the financial risk should be rewarded with the profits.3 S uch an arrangement, moreover, is not only logical in theory; it has also proved extremelyeffective in practice. Most people simply do not work five days a week for the sheer fun of it: they work in exchange for compensation, usually money. Furthermore, they tend to work harder or take greater risks if they feel that their extra efforts may produce greater rewards. It is this basic human incentive, the profit motive, that lies at the heart of the American business system.4 A t this point we must note that not all businesses exist to make a profit. As we’ll see, it is thenature of the American system to provide goods and services for which there is a sizeable demand or for which a relatively small number of people are willing to spend a large sum of money. But some small segments of society have needs that profit-oriented businesses can’t afford to supply at prices that these markets can pay. Therefore, our society supports a number of nonprofit businesses, such as Underwriters Laboratories and Goodwill Industries. In other respects, these enterprises are much like profit-directed businesses.(390 words, 3‘50”) New Words and Expressions1 deduct/dI5dQkt/vt. 扣除2 mousetrap/5maUstrAp/n.捕鼠机3 entitle/In5taItl/vt.给……权利(或资格)ExercisesⅠ Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).Ⅱ with one word.4 substantial /sEb5stAnFEl/a. 大量的，可观的5 compensation /7kRmpen5seIFEn/n. 补偿，薪资6 segment /5segmEnt/ n. 部分；部门。
商务英语阅读第3册课件Unit3ProductQuality
Words & Expressions
sophisticated adj. a sophisticated machine, system, method etc is very cleverly designed and very advanced and often works in a complicated way （机器、系统、方法等）精密的；高级的，尖端的；复杂的 It includes a sophisticated plug-in solution that turns it into a true development platform. 它包含成熟的插件解决ybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect. 蜜蜂所使用的交流系统是昆虫中最复杂的之一。
*
Words & Expressions
surpass vt. to be better or greater than someone or something 超过；胜过 The unemployment rate will probably surpass 10 percent this year and remain above 9 percent well into next year. 失业率将有可能在今年超过10%，并在明年保持在9%以上。 There the people-made pollutants increasingly surpass the ability of air and water to dilute the contaminants to safe levels. 在那里，人为的污染物质日益超越了空气和水将污染物分解稀释到安全水平的能力。
Unit3高教社新编商务英语综合教程第二版
Unit 3 Career Development
I. Listen to the passage for the first time and then write out questions, if there are any, about the part(s) you fail to understand. If you have no questions, just move on to ExerciseⅡ.
√
b. great expectation on d. a thorough understanding of
______________
高 等 教 育 出 版 社 高等教育电子音像出版社
Unit 3 Career Development
8. When you start your journey of career planning, you need to consider the following, ________.
高 等 教 育 出 版 社 高等教育电子音像出版社
Unit 3 Career Development
— Phrases: I. be conscious of, long for, regard... as, after all, in significant measure, at work, tend to, on the whole, adjust to, work off; II. devote... to, lead to, not so... as... , melting pot — Useful Structures: This is not to say... whether it be... think of... as... Given... , main clause — Vocabulary & Grammar: Describing One’s Appearance 3. Communicative Skills（交际技能） — Expressions: Expressing and Responding to “Thanks” — Reading: Business Cards
《新编商务英语阅读教程》(第二版)练习参考答案
《新编商务英语阅读教程》（第二版）练习参考答案Unit OneI.1. 资产C2. 边际变动E3. 市场势力I4. 劳动生产力（率）J5. 经济学A6. 市场失灵G7. 市场经济F8. 机会成本D9. 通货膨胀K10. 外部性H11. 效率B12. 菲利普斯曲线LII.Passage One经济学的研究主要分为两部分：宏观经济学与微观经济学。
宏观经济学着眼于经济全局——一幅宏观的画面。
在宏观经济学中，我们研究国家的政策目标，例如充分就业、抑制通货膨胀、经济增长等，而不考虑个人或者单个团体的利益和行为。
对宏观经济学的关注是为了从总体上认识并改善经济的运行。
微观经济学则关注宏观画面中的细节。
在微观经济学中，我们着眼于实际构成宏观经济的个人、厂商和政府机构。
我们感兴趣的是这些独立经济单位的行为。
他们的目标何在？以有限资源实现目标的途径是什么？如何对各种激励和机会做出反应？宏观经济学主要关注，例如，总消费性支出对总产出、就业及物价的影响。
很少关注消费性支出及其决定因素的实际内涵。
相反，微观经济学关注的是个体消费者具体的支出决策及其影响因素（爱好、物价水平、收入状况）。
宏、微观经济学的区别还反映在关于企业投资的讨论中。
宏观经济学中，我们需要了解决定企业总投资率的因素以及这些投资对一国的总产出、就业及物价水平产生影响的路径。
而微观经济学中，我们关注的是各家企业关于生产率、生产要素的抉择以及具体物品的定价决策。
了解宏、微观经济学的区别并非难事。
在现实社会，宏观经济的表现有赖于微观行为，而微观行为又受宏观经济表现的影响。
因此，人们只有了解了所有经济活动的参与者的行为方式及其成因，才能充分了解整个经济的运作方式。
但是，就如你会开车而不懂发动机的构造原理那样，你能观察到经济运行方式但并不能完全解开其中奥秘。
在宏观经济学中我们注意到经济这部汽车在踩油门时加速，踩刹车时减速。
这就是我们在大多数情形下所需了解的一切。
然而，汽车总有出故障的时候。
商务英语阅读(专业篇) unit 3
Reading Practice
Text A
Concept and Development of E--Commerce
Reading Practice
Text A
Concept
Electronic commerce can be defined as the carrying out of once manual business transactions between cooperating parties using electronic means. The two main current classifications of ecommerce are business-to-business and business-to-consumer transactions. It involves more than the simple buying and selling of commodities and services - it includes such activities as share trading, ①electronic funds transfer, bills of lading, direct marketing to the consumer, and after-sales services, to mention but a few. New applications are being introduced on a daily basis.
Reading Practice
Development of E -commerce
Text A
E-commerce applications started in the early 1970s, with such innovations as ②Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT). However, the extent of the applications was limited to large corporations, financial institutions, and a few daring small business. Then came ③Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), which expanded from financial transactions to other transaction processing and enlarged the participating companies from financial institutions to manufacturers, retailers, services, and so on.
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whelmingly 压倒地，无法抵抗地 enhance 加强 downplay 贬低，不予重视 mouth-watering 非常好吃的，令人垂涎的 glimpse一瞥，一看 unprecedented 空前的 double-decker双层三明治 sloppy 邋遢的，马虎的
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revamp 改进，修补 decline下降; upheaval突变，剧变 takeover 接管; （经营权等的）接收;收购; perception知觉; 觉察（力）; 观念; stem （花草的）茎; 词干; 阻止，遏制 random 随机的 patronized光顾，惠顾 patron 老主顾 word-of-mouth 口头传述的，口碑
franchisee 特许经营权 aircraft carrier 航空母舰 flame-broiling 火焰烧烤的 self-concept 自我概念 treatment 处理; 待遇，对待 set… apart 隔离开 boost 提高 hip臀部;时髦的 saturation （达到）饱和状态;
burger king’s management changes of Marketing mix in Buiger King.
The
Passage
one
Reading
text A in unit4, answer the following question: 1, What are Ryder System’s strengths and what are its weakness? 2, In what cases do you think it is suitable to use mass selling? 3, What are the advantages and disadvantages of using publicity in the promotional mix?