语法专题四形容词副词

第四讲形容词和副词

一．真题自测

【2013福建】25. The Forbidden City attracts a _______ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.

A. constant

B. main

C. powerful

D. shallow

【2013福建】31. Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _______ priced bike.

A. competitively

B. recently

C. reasonably

D. affordably

【2013福建】35. A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful ______ if we do something to stop progress.

A. either

B. neither

C. too

D. also

【2013湖北】27. People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria.

A. appropriate

B. conscious

C. arbitrary

D. controversial

【2013湖北】28. He didn’t selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a ______ contribution to help the community.

A. commercial

B. generous

C. comparable

D. profitable

【2013湖北】29. Don’t defend him any more. It’s obvious that he ______ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.

A. accidentally

B. carelessly

C. deliberately

D. clumsily

【2013江西】24. What a terrible experience ! ________, you’re safe now ------ that’s the main thing.

A. Anyway

B. Besides

C. Otherwise

D. Therefore 【2013江西】26. There are a small number of people involved, possibly ______twenty.

A. as few as

B. as little as

C. as many as

D. as much as 【2013辽宁】27. Everything seemed to be going ______ for the first two days after I moved to New York.

A. vividly

B. generally

C. frequently

D. smoothly

【2013辽宁】33. This is by far ______ movie that I have ever seen.

A. an inspiring

B. a much inspiring

C. the most inspiring

D. the more inspiring

【2013天津】3. I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time----there are meaningful things to do.

A. less

B. more

C. the least

D. the most

【2013新课标II卷】9. It may not be a great suggestion. But before ______ is put forward, we’ll make do with it.

A. a good one

B. a better one

C. the best one

D. a best one

【2013新课标I卷】25. Tony can hardly boil an egg，still cook dinner.

A. less

B. little

C. much

D. more

【2013浙江】2. Mary worked here as a ____ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.

二．考点讲义

一、概念

形容词是用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质状态或特征的词。

副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构的词。

二、用法

形容词在句中可以充当定语修饰名词、代词，也可作表语表示主语的状态和特征，也可作补语和状语。副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、从句等，也可修饰整个句子。

What an interesting role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.

His daughter is shy in public and she never dares to make a speech to the public.

You don't have to be angry with him. He merely wanted to know the truth.

Only when the war was over did the young soldier return to his hometown.

虽然形容词、副词的用法繁多，但是高考单选中对他们的考查也是有章可循的，主要体现在以下几个方面。

1．形容词和副词在具体语境中的运用

试题中提供的四个选项均属于形式相同、意义相异的形容词或副词，做题时必须根据语境，即根据上下文的意思或逻辑等来确定选项。

Since Tom accidentally downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now.

It is not socially acceptable for parents to leave children unattended at that age.

Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a stable environment.

2．形容词和副词与其他词的搭配

英语中有些形容词和副词与名词、动词，或另一形容词等的搭配与汉语不完全一样，在平时学习中通过运用把它们掌握好。如“大”雨、“浓”雾中的“大、浓”，英语中用heavy；汉语中

说人数“多”，英语中却用large；汉语中说睡得“香”，英语中却说soundly等。

We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining heavily.

The number of people present at the concert was much smaller than expected.

This kind of music is well worth listening to.

3.形容词、副词比较等的用法

同级比较用“as＋原级＋as”，两者比较用“比较级＋than”，三者或以上比较用“最高级＋in (of)”。

Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his best－known one.

Alan is a careful driver, but he drives the least carefully of my friends.

Little Mary plays the piano as beautifully as her sister.

注意：与比较等级有关的还有几个特殊用法需要引起我们的注意。

(1)“the＋比较级……，the ＋比较级……”表示“越……，越……”之意，前面的句子相当于条件状语从句，一般不用将来时。

The more you use a dictionary, the more useful you will find it to you.

The higher you climb the mountain, the less air you can breathe.

(2)“the＋比较级＋of the(两者)”表示“两者中比较……的”之意。

Which is the better of the two books?

The younger of the brothers is much clever.

(3)“a＋最高级”不表示“最……”，而表示“非常”。

This is a most difficult lesson in this book.

She is a most mysterious person.

4．形容词和副词比较级和最高级的修饰语

修饰比较级可用far, even, still, a lot, lots, a great deal, a bit, rather, three times, any, no, very much等，修饰最高级可用(by) far, much, nearly, almost, not quite, by no means, very, second, next 等。

—Are you going to the cinema this evening?

—No, the ticket is far too expensive for us.

The number of people at the concert is much smaller than expected.

Canada is the second largest country in the world.

5．形容词和副词辨析

英语中有些形容词和副词意思相同或相近，有时词形相近，但用法有区别，这些词也是单选的重点。

形容词：calm, quiet, still, silent, common, usual, regular, ordinary, likely, probable, possible

副词：fast, quickly, rapidly, very, far, quite, rather, hardly, mostly, almost, nearly

They will go fishing because the sea is calm.

The students were quiet when the teacher came into the classroom.

When I asked her where she had put the dictionary, she kept silent.

Please stay still when I take a photo of you.

6．多个形容词的排列顺序

一个名词有多个形容词修饰时其排列顺序通常为：描绘形容词→大小(长短高低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新旧)形容词→颜色形容词→国籍形容词→材料形容词→用途(类别)形容词→名词(动名词)。

The child dreamed that he had once lived in a pretty little wooden house in the forest.

It is said that ten strong young Chinese students are required to take part in the boat race. 7．something, anything等不定代词的修饰语

形容词用来修饰some, any, every和no构成的复合不定代词时要后置。

There is nothing interesting in today's newspaper.

I must have my car repaired because there is something wrong with it.

8．以a开头的形容词

afraid, asleep, awake, alive, aware, alike, ashamed等形容词通常在句中作表语和补语。

Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat?

The witch put the princess under a spell, and she fell asleep for ten years.

When the mother went into the room, she found the baby awake.

9.副词enough的位置

enough修饰形容词和副词时要后置。

He is old enough to support himself.

Sorry. You didn't say it clearly enough.

10．有－ly与无－ly的副词

有些单词本身是副词，加上－ly后同样是副词。一般无ly的副词表示具体的含义，而有ly 的副词表示抽象的含义。

close意思是“近”；closely 意思是“仔细地”。

late意思是“晚”；lately 意思是“最近”。

deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”。

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地；在许多地方”。

二．考点强化

【2012全国卷II】⒔ Next to biology, I like physics ___ .

A. better

B. best

C. the better

D. very well

【2012安徽】23. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand ,even more so.

A. vital

B. available

C. specific

D. similar

【2012湖北】27. Can you tell the difference between the words "require"

and "request"? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.

A. dramatic

B. regional

C. apparent

D. subtle

【2012湖北】28. Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has

remained people are still looking for other possible solutions

A. unchallenged B relevant C. controversial D. contradictory

【2012全国】26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so

much______.

A. the best

B. best

C. better

D. the better

【2012全国】29. This restaurant wasn't_ that other restaurant we went to.

A. half as good as

B. as half good as

C. as good as half

D. good as half as

【2012北京】28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____.

A. some

B. less

C. much

D. more

【2012福建】32. –Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?

-- Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still _____.

A. available

B. affordable

C. acceptable

D. valuable 【2012山东】33. Be _____ —you can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.

A. reasonable

B. confident

C. creative

D. grateful

【2012天津】10. The secretary arranged a(n) ______ time and place for the applicants to have an interview.

A. important

B. spare

C. public

D. convenient

【2012浙江】10. The research lacks ______ evidence, and therefore, its conclusion are doubtful.

A.solid

B. fierce

C. severe

D. Potential

【2012安徽】34. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis often to be richest woman in the world. , her personal wealth seems rather small.

A. Besides

B. Otherwise

C. However

D. Altogether 【2012湖北】26. "Perhaps we need to send for Dr. Smith to sec what we can do about it," Father suggested_ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.

A. tentatively

B. thoughtlessly

C. definitely

D. rudely

【2012福建】27. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ______ respected.

A. especially

B. equally

C. naturally

D. normally

【2012湖南】24. Bicycling is good exercise; ____ it does not pollute the air.

A. nevertheless

B. besides

C. otherwise

D. therefore

【2012天津】4. The dog may be a good companion for the old. ____, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.

A. Besides

B. However

C. Therefore

D. Instead

【2012江西】34. He seems t o be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris. ______, he had a wonderful time.

A. Above all

B. What’s more

C. As a result

D. On the contrary

【2012辽宁】22. We used to see each other _____, but haven’t heard from him since last y ear.

A. especially

B. regularly

C. particularly

D. approximately

【2012四川】7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _____ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.

A. only

B. also

C. even

D. still

【2012四川】16. I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.

A. that a big

B. a that big

C. big a that

D. that big a

【2012浙江】14. Brown said he was by no means annoyed; ______he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.

A. all in all

B. for one thing

C. on the contrary

D. by the law 【2012浙江】18. Mike was usually so careful, ______this time he made a small mistake.

A. yet

B. still

C. even

D. thus

2011形容词

1.（2011·江西卷）24.-----The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.

------Why? It’s ______ than the films I have ever seen.

A. far more interesting

B.much less interesting

C. no more interesting

D.any less interesting

2.（2011·四川卷）12.—How are your recent trip to Sichuan?

—I’ve never had one before.

A.a pleasant

B.a more pleasant

C.a most pleasant

D.the most pleasant

3.（2011·全国II）17．Mr. Stevenson is great to work for----I really couldn't ask for a＿boss.

A. better

B. good

C. best

D. still better

4.（2011·陕西卷）17.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one。

A.as three times big as

B. three times as big as

C. as big as three times

D. as big three times as

5.（2011·江西卷）33.She has tried her best. Please don’t be too ______ about her job.

A.special

B.responsible

C.unusual

D.particular

6.（2011·湖北卷）23.The old engineer’s eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was________，though slow.

A. shaky

B. heavy

C. casual

D. steady

7.（2011·湖北卷）24.An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s characters however, they are not always_________,

A. practical

B. avoidable

C. permanent

D. beneficial

8.（2011·湖北卷）25,The state-run company is required to make its accounts as_________ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.

A. transparent

B. reasonable

C. securer

D. format

9.（2011·江苏卷）25．In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _________.

A．special B．regional

C．optional D．original

10.（2011·浙江卷）9.The professor could tell by the _______look in Maris's eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.

A. cold

B. blank

C. innocent

D. fresh

11.（2011·浙江卷）16.My schedule is very _____right now ,but I'll try to fit you in.

A. tight

B. short

C. regular

D. flexible

12.（2011·福建卷）30.Nowedays, increase in children’s creativity,for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.

A.sharp

B.slight

C.natural

D.modest

2011副词

1.（2011·全国II）1

2. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is______another to play it well yourself.

A. quite

B. very

C. rather

D. much

2.（2011·浙江卷）7.Since people are fond of humor ,it is as welcome in conversation as___else.

A. anything

B. something

C. anywhere

D. somewhere

3.（2011·浙江卷）13.I've been writing this report ____for the last two weeks ,but it has to be handed it tomorrow.

A. finally

B. immediately

C. occasionally

D. certainly

4.（2011·安徽卷）24.To be great, you proper must be smart, confident, and, ______, honest.

A. therefore

B. above all

C. however

D. after

5.（2011·安徽卷）31. _____, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.

A. Hopefully

B. Normally

C. Thankfully

D. Conveniently

四．句子翻译

1. 好像他的事业就快要结束了。(It seems/ seemed that…, at an end)

2. 百分之六十的旅客宁愿住在窗朝南的房间。(用定语从句）

3. 消防员没有多考虑个人的安危,像平常一样将困在大火中的人员援救出

来.(think little of, rescue, be trapped in)

4. 在村庄的东边有一幢蓝顶的白房子。(on the east, with )

5.听完他的话，那个可怜的女孩泪水夺眶而出，冲出门外。(burst, rush out )

五．完成句子

六．单词拼写

31.Don't w_____your money on silly things

32.The wind turned my u________inside out.

33.I r________Mike the moment I saw him ．

34. Do you know the a________ monthly rainfall in this area?

35. Sleep is n________to health

36 This bus can carry 60________.

37. Fifty years ago, Chairman Mao a________ the founding of the People's Republic of China.

38. What is the best-known chain of fast-food r________ in the world?

39. They lived in London until quite r________

40. She looks f________ to me, but I don’t remember her names.

七．词汇回顾

1 Shake n&v 震动，摇。

2 rise v .上升，起床，n上涨。增长

3 burst v，爆炸，闯入，充满n，突发，爆发

4 ruin n 毁坏，废墟，遗迹v使破产

5 injure v 损害，伤害

6 destroy vt 破坏

7 judge n 裁判员，法官，v断定，判断

8 honour

9 prepare

10 useless

11 shock

12 rescue

13 disaster

14 shelter

15 fresh

16 honor

重点短语:

1 Prepare to do sth 准备做某事

2 Get prepare 准备好

3 instead of 代替

4 a number of 大量的

5 thousands of 成千上万的

6 it seemed that Shake with 使受震惊

7 Shake hands with sb 与某人握手

8 Shake down

9 Be bursting to do sth.

9 Burst into/in

10 Burst with anger

11 Be in ruins

12 Ruin ones hopes

13 Judge sb

14Judge by/from

15Be/feel honoured by

16 Give honour to sb

八．写作

志愿者话题作文

你所在的城市即将举办国际贸易博览会。有关部门现向全社会招聘志愿者。要求：

(1)具有为国际友人服务的热情;

(2)掌握丰富的文化知识，既是服务人员，也是文化的使者;

(3)具有流利的英语表达能力，能做好沟通工作。

假如你叫李华，请根据以上要求，写一封想作博览会志愿者的申请信。

要求：字迹工整，100词左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。

生词：国际贸易博览会the International Trade Exposition

Dear Sir or Madam：

Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. As the coming of the International Trade Exposition, I'd like very much to be a volunteer。

To sum up, I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. I will value it and do all I can if I could be accepted to be one。

Yours,

Li Hua