巴菲特2020致股东信全文--中英文
巴菲特给股东的信 英文版
巴菲特给股东的信英文版Dear Shareholders,I wanted to take this opportunity to update you on the current state of Berkshire Hathaway and provide some insights into our recent activities.Firstly, I am pleased to report that 2020 was another successful year for Berkshire Hathaway, despite the challenges brought about by the global pandemic. Our net earnings for the year were $42.5 billion, and our operating earnings were $21.9 billion. This success was largely driven by the outstanding performance of our operating businesses, as well as the improving market conditions.Our insurance subsidiaries, in particular, had an exceptional year. Both GEICO and Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group reported strong results, and we are confident in the long-term prospects of these businesses.In addition to our operating businesses, we also made several significant investments during the year. Some of the notable investments include a substantial purchase of Apple stock, as well as new investments in Verizon Communications and Chevron Corporation. We believe that these investments align with our long-term financial goals and will continue to generate value for our shareholders in the years to come.In terms of capital allocation, we continue to prioritize the repurchase of Berkshire Hathaway shares. In 2020, we repurchased a record $24.7 billion worth of shares, a further indication of ourconfidence in the intrinsic value of our company. We will continue to pursue this strategy in the future, as long as we believe that repurchases represent good value for our shareholders.Looking ahead, we remain optimistic about the future prospects of Berkshire Hathaway. Our strong balance sheet, diversified portfolio, and talented management team position us well to navigate any challenges that may come our way. We will continue to seek out attractive investment opportunities and grow our businesses organically in order to create long-term value for our shareholders.Lastly, I want to express my gratitude to you, our shareholders, for your ongoing support and confidence in Berkshire Hathaway. We are committed to delivering on our promises and working tirelessly to generate superior returns for all of our shareholders.Sincerely,Warren Buffett。
巴菲特致合伙人致股东的信全集(最完整版)
巴菲特致合伙人致股东的信全集(最完整版)一:本书介绍为了把《巴菲特致合伙人+致股东的信》这套资料整理出来,我花了将近一年时间。
我相信我整理的这套资料应该是国内最完整最准确的版本。
为什么这么说呢?首先巴菲特写的信原版都是英文的,而且从1950年代一直写到了现在,时间跨度达60多年,国内的翻译版本很乱很杂,都是这个翻译一点,那个翻译一点,没有一个相关领域的权威人士从头译到尾。
而这些版本,大多都残缺不全,找一封完整的信出来都很难,更何况60多年,60多封信。
本人打印出来的完整版,800多页,分为上下两本。
我在很多年前就开始阅读这些资料,深深的被上面所说的问题所困扰,我非常希望能有一套完整而准确的资料来研读,然而无论是从线上还是线下各种渠道找到的资料都是残缺的,错乱的,不完整的。
于是我只能自己花时间来编辑,整理,并对照英文原版,把其中残缺的,被删的,及其大量的表格(几乎所有版本都删除或不翻译表格,而我认为没有表格数据就好像研究公司不看财务报表一样不知所云),备注,全都翻译并补充完整,纠正了里面大量的文字和数据错误,把所有的信都按书本规格做好排版。
在做这些工作的时候,我只有一个原则,就是还原巴菲特写的一字一句,我从不按自己的主观删掉一句话,也不敢增加一句话,力求做到原汁原味,因为对于这样伟大的作品,我认为我没有资格改动其中的一个字。
全书目录,整套书按照专业书籍规格排版,阅读起来非常方便。
这一切都是值得的,暂且把《巴菲特致合伙人+致股东的信》看成是一本书吧,虽然十几年来我几乎天天书不离身,但没有任何一本书对我人生的影响有这么大。
自打我走向社会以来,就把投资作为我事业的一个方向,但在前面5年,我看了无数投资方面的书,也研究过无数公司,却一直没看懂投资的游戏规则,我像个迷路的小孩一样不知道该走向何方,直到我看了这本书,我突然找到了人生的灯塔。
刚看完第一遍,我就知道我的投资之路应该怎么走了,也明白了我的人生该怎么走。
2024年巴菲特致股东的信英文版
2024年巴菲特致股东的信英文版Dear Shareholders, I am pleased to report that Berkshire Hathaway had another successful year in 2024. Despite facing some challenges and uncertainties in the global economy, we were able to navigate through them and achieve strong results for our investors.Our operating businesses continue to perform well and generate significant cash flow. We have made severalstrategic acquisitions in various industries, bolstering our competitive position and expanding our portfolio of companies. Our investments in Apple, Amazon, and other technology companies have also continued to provide solid returns.One of the key highlights of the year was our commitmentto sustainability and environmental stewardship. We havetaken significant steps to reduce our carbon footprint andinvest in renewable energy, demonstrating our dedication to being a responsible corporate citizen.Looking ahead, we remain cautiously optimistic about the future. While there are always risks and uncertainties in the market, we believe that our diversified portfolio and strong capital position will enable us to weather any storm and continue delivering value to our shareholders.I would like to take this opportunity to thank our incredible team of employees, whose hard work and dedication have been instrumental to our success. I would also like to express my gratitude to our loyal shareholders for their continued support and trust in Berkshire Hathaway.In conclusion, I am confident that Berkshire Hathaway is well-positioned for long-term success and will continue to create value for our shareholders for many years to come.。
巴菲特致股东的信2024英文
巴菲特致股东的信2024英文Dear Shareholders, I am pleased to report that our company has continued to perform well in 2024, despite facing some challenges in the global market. Our diversified portfolio of businesses has allowed us to weather economic uncertainties and emerge stronger.One of the key highlights of the year was our successful acquisition of a leading technology company, which has expanded our presence in the digital space. This strategic move has positioned us for future growth opportunities and enhanced our capabilities in addressing the evolving needs of consumers.I am also pleased to announce that our core businesses have maintained their competitive edge in their respective industries. Our insurance and energy sectors have delivered solid financial results, while our consumer goods divisionhas seen strong demand for our products in both domestic and international markets.Looking ahead, we remain focused on optimizing our operations and driving innovation across all our businesses. We are committed to delivering long-term value to our shareholders and ensuring sustainable growth for our company.I would like to take this opportunity to thank our dedicated employees for their hard work and commitment to excellence. Their contributions have been instrumental in our success and I am confident that they will continue to drive our company forward.In closing, I want to express my gratitude to our shareholders for their continued support and confidence in our company. We are optimistic about the future and look forward to achieving greater success together.。
巴菲特2023给股东的信 英文版
巴菲特2023给股东的信英文版全文共10篇示例,供读者参考篇1Dear Shareholders,Hiya! It's your pal Warren Buffett here again with my annual letter to you all. I hope you've been having a great year and that your investments have been doing well. I know the stock market can be a bit tricky, but don't worry, I'm here to help guide you through it!First off, I want to say a big THANK YOU to all of you for believing in Berkshire Hathaway and for being part of our family. We wouldn't be where we are today without you. You guys are the best!Now, let's talk a bit about how we did in 2023. It's been a bit of a bumpy ride with all the ups and downs in the market, but our team has been working hard to make sure we're making smart investments for the long term. We've had some wins and some losses, but overall, I'm pleased with how we've been doing.I know that some of you might be worried about the future of the stock market, but remember, I've been in this game for a long time and I've seen it all. The key is to stay calm, do your research, and invest in companies that you believe in for the long haul. That's the Buffett way!As always, if you have any questions or need some advice, feel free to reach out to me or my team. We're here to help you succeed in your investing journey. Remember, it's not about timing the market, it's about time in the market.Alrighty, I'll wrap things up now. Thanks again for being awesome shareholders and for being part of the Berkshire Hathaway family. Here's to a prosperous 2024!Your friend,Warren Buffett篇2Dear Shareholders,Hi everyone, it's me, Warren Buffett! I hope you're all doing well and staying healthy. I just wanted to take a moment to write you all a little letter and update you on everything that's been going on with our company Berkshire Hathaway.First of all, I want to say a big thank you to all of our shareholders for your continued support and belief in our company. We wouldn't be where we are today without all of you, so thank you from the bottom of my heart.I'm happy to report that despite the challenges of the past year, Berkshire Hathaway has continued to grow and thrive. Our investments have been performing well, and our businesses have been strong. I'm proud of the hard work and dedication of our employees, and I know that we have a bright future ahead of us.As always, I want to remind all of our shareholders to focus on the long term. Investing in stocks is a marathon, not a sprint. It's important to be patient and stay focused on our goals. Remember, Rome wasn't built in a day!I also want to encourage all of you to continue to educate yourselves about investing. Knowledge is power, and the more you know, the better equipped you will be to make smart investment decisions.In conclusion, I want to thank you all once again for your support. I am confident that together, we will continue to achieve great things. And remember, as always, the best investment you can make is in yourself. So keep learning, keep growing, and keep believing in the future.Yours truly,Warren Buffett篇3Dear shareholders,Hi everyone! I'm Warren Buffett, your favorite old investor, here to share some exciting news with you all. I hope you're all doing well and staying safe.I can't believe it's already 2023! Time flies when you're having fun, right? And I have to say, it's been another incredible year for Berkshire Hathaway. We've been making some big moves and I couldn't wait to tell you all about it.First of all, our investments have been doing really well. I've been keeping an eye on the stock market and making some smart choices, which has helped our company grow even more. I always say that it's important to invest in companies that you believe in, and that's exactly what we've been doing.But it's not just about the money for me. I always remember that it's about the people too. That's why we've been working hard to give back to our communities and help those in need.Whether it's through our donations or our volunteer work, we're always looking for ways to make a positive impact.I know that things can be tough sometimes, especially with everything going on in the world right now. But I want you all to remember that we're in this together. We're a team, and as long as we stick together and keep working hard, we can overcome any challenge that comes our way.So keep your heads high, keep believing in yourself, and keep being the awesome shareholders that you are. I know that together, we can achieve anything.Thanks for your support, and I'll talk to you all again soon.Your friend,Warren Buffett篇4Dear Shareholders,Hey guys, it's me, Warren Buffett! I hope you're all doing well and enjoying the rollercoaster ride of the stock market. 2023 has been quite a year so far, hasn't it?I wanted to take this opportunity to update you on how our company is doing. Despite the challenges we've faced, I am pleased to report that our business is still going strong. Our investments continue to perform well, and we are optimistic about the future.I know that times have been tough for many people, especially with the ongoing pandemic. But rest assured that we are doing everything we can to weather the storm and come out stronger on the other side. As always, our focus remains on creating long-term value for our shareholders.In the coming months, we will continue to pursue new opportunities and make strategic investments that will drive growth and profitability. I am confident that with your continued support, we will be able to overcome any obstacles that come our way.In closing, I want to thank you for your unwavering loyalty and trust in our company. Your support means the world to us, and we are committed to delivering on our promise to create value for you, our shareholders.Until next time, take care and stay safe!Warm regards,Warren Buffett篇5Dear Shareholders,Hello everybody! I'm Warren Buffett, the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. I hope you are all doing great and staying healthy. I wanted to take some time to share some exciting news and updates with you all.First off, I am happy to report that Berkshire Hathaway had another successful year in 2023. Our investments have continued to grow and our portfolio is looking stronger than ever. I want to thank all of you for your continued support and trust in our company.As you may know, I am a big believer in long-term investing and staying patient in the market. It's important to remember that the stock market can be unpredictable, but if you stay focused on the fundamentals and invest in good companies, you will see success over time.I also want to remind you all to always do your own research and make informed decisions when it comes to your investments.It's important to understand the companies you are investing in and to have a clear strategy in place.In closing, I want to thank you all again for being loyal shareholders of Berkshire Hathaway. I truly appreciate your support and trust in our company. I look forward to another successful year ahead and I am confident that we will continue to grow and thrive together.Keep investing smart and stay positive!Sincerely,Warren Buffett篇6Dear Shareholders,Hi there! It's me, Warren Buffett, your friendly neighborhood investing guru. I hope this letter finds you well and feeling excited about the future of our company. Let's dive right into it!I am pleased to report that in 2023, our company has continued to outperform the market and deliver strong returns for our shareholders. Despite facing challenges from the global economy, we have remained resilient and focused on ourlong-term goals.One of the things that sets us apart from other companies is our commitment to ethical business practices and transparency. We believe in doing the right thing, even when it's hard, and that's why our shareholders trust us to make the best decisions for their investments.As we look ahead to the coming year, I am confident that our company will continue to thrive and grow. Our team is dedicated to finding new opportunities and delivering value for our shareholders. We will continue to invest in our people, our products, and our communities to ensure a bright future for all.In closing, I want to thank each and every one of you for your continued support and trust in our company. Together, we can achieve great things and build a better future for all. Here's to another successful year ahead!Sincerely,Warren BuffettP.S. Remember, invest for the long-term and stay positive!篇7Dear Shareholders,Hi everyone! I hope you are all doing well and enjoying your day. I want to take this chance to talk to you all about how things are going at Berkshire Hathaway.I am happy to say that in 2023, we had a really great year! Our business did really well and we made a lot of money. This wouldn't have been possible without all of you, so thank you for your support and investment in Berkshire Hathaway.I know that sometimes the stock market can be a little bit crazy and it's hard to know what to do. But I want to remind you all that it's important to stay calm and not make any rash decisions. Investing for the long term is the best way to grow your money and I believe in our company's future.As always, I want to encourage you all to keep learning and educating yourselves about investing. The more you know, the better decisions you can make. And don't forget to do your own research before investing in any company.I am proud of what we have accomplished together and I am excited for what the future holds for Berkshire Hathaway. Thank you for being a part of our family and I look forward to many more successful years ahead.Sincerely,Warren Buffett篇8Dear Shareholders,Hi guys! It’s your buddy Warren Buffett here again! I hope you are all doing great and enjoying your journey as part owners of Berkshire Hathaway. I wanted to take a moment to chat with you about all the exciting things happening in our company.First things first, I want to thank each and every one of you for your continued support and trust in me and the Berkshire team. Your confidence in us means the world and we are always striving to make you proud.Now, let’s talk about our performance in 2023. I am happy to report that we have had another successful year. Our investments are doing well and our businesses are thriving. We continue to focus on long-term value creation and maintaining a strong financial position.One of the keys to our success is our amazing team. I am so grateful for the hard work and dedication of all our employees and managers. They are the heart and soul of Berkshire Hathaway and I am proud to work with such talented individuals.I also want to remind you all to stay focused on the long term when it comes to investing. As I always say, “Be fearful when others are greedy and greedy when others are fearful.” Stay disciplined, do your research, and invest in companies with solid fundamentals.In closing, I want to thank you all again for your support and for being part of the Berkshire Hathaway family. I am excited about the future and confident that together we will continue to achieve great things.Keep smiling and keep investing!Your pal,Warren Buffett篇9Dear Shareholders,Hello everyone! I hope you are all doing well and enjoying your day. It's me, Warren Buffett, your favorite billionaire investor, here to share some exciting news with you all.First of all, I want to thank each and every one of you for your continued support and trust in our company, Berkshire Hathaway. Your confidence in our team and our investmentsmeans the world to me, and I am so grateful for all of your support.Now, let's talk about the future. As we look ahead to 2023, I am feeling optimistic about the opportunities that lie ahead for Berkshire Hathaway. Despite the challenges we have faced in the past, I believe that we are well-positioned to continue growing and succeeding in the years to come.One of the key reasons for my optimism is our talented team of managers and employees. I am proud to say that we have some of the best minds in the business working for us, and I have no doubt that they will continue to deliver exceptional results for our shareholders.In addition, our portfolio of investments is stronger than ever, and I am confident that we will continue to find new opportunities to grow and expand our business in the coming years.As always, I encourage you to keep a long-term perspective when it comes to investing. Remember that the stock market can be unpredictable, but if you stay patient and focused on the fundamentals, you will have a much better chance of success in the long run.Thank you again for your continued support and trust in Berkshire Hathaway. I look forward to sharing more updates with you in the future.Sincerely,Warren Buffett篇10Dear Shareholders,Hi everyone, it’s me, Warren Buffett! I hope you’re all doing well and staying safe during these uncertain times. I wanted to take a moment to write to all of you and share some thoughts about the year that’s passed and what’s ahead for us.First of all, I want to thank each and every one of you for your continued support and trust in me and Berkshire Hathaway. It means the world to me and I am truly grateful for your loyalty.Now, let’s talk a bit about the year 2023. It’s been a rollercoaster of a year, hasn’t it? The stock market has been up and down, and there have been many challenges along the way. But through it all, we’ve stuck together as a team and come out stronger on the other side.I want to reassure you all that despite the ups and downs, I am confident in the future of our company. We have a solid foundation, a talented team, and a clear vision for the road ahead. We will weather this storm and come out even stronger than before.As always, I encourage you to stay focused on the long term and not get caught up in the day-to-day fluctuations of the market. Remember, investing is a marathon, not a sprint. Stay patient, stay disciplined, and trust in the process.In closing, I want to thank you once again for your support and dedication. Together, we will continue to build a bright future for Berkshire Hathaway and all of our shareholders.Wishing you all the best and looking forward to what the future holds.Sincerely,Warren Buffett。
慢慢暴富:巴菲特致股东信1957-2021年全集
慢慢暴富:巴菲特致股东信1957-2021年全集展开全文你选择哪一个?A股神似乎不再“神”了。
巴菲特公司的股价在过去一年、五年和十年的表现,都不如美股大盘。
巴菲特终于开始改变对科技股的态度,在“买错”IBM之后,重仓了看起来没什么想象力的苹果。
当然,在他漫长的投资历程中,10年只是一个很小的衡量尺度。
《巴菲特超越价值》作者简恩认为:如果置于长期视野下,价值投资可能就是“战无不胜”的,但在某一个时期,它显然未必如此,这就更需要有足够的耐心。
概括而言,在市场下跌周期,价值投资的作用比较明显,但在上涨周期(例如过去十年),价值投资的表现未必很强,但也不会差很多。
一个普通人如果早年花1000美元买巴菲特的公司股票,现在大约值两千多万美金。
这算得上暴富了。
然而,多少人能够如此跨越大半个世纪?也有人会说,你买比特币也可以爆赚一万倍啊。
的确,巴菲特是靠“慢慢暴富”,成为世界首富的。
•巴菲特99%的净身家都是50岁以后挣得;•巴菲特近96%的财富在60岁以后才拥有。
一夜暴富,和慢慢暴富,你选择哪一个?巴菲特已经90岁了,未必有机会再次证明“价值投资”的魔力,他也不必。
而你还年轻。
B在这样一个追求十倍、百倍回报的时代,价值投资还有用吗?广义而言,一切投资都是价值投资。
重仓苹果股票的人,和All in比特币的人,可能都觉得自己是价值投资者。
差异也许在于:•对价值的定义;•对价值的评估;•对价值的实现。
所以,我们可以将巴菲特的价值投资,称为狭义价值投资。
价值投资的理念只有四个:1、买股票就是买公司;2、“利用”市场先生的情绪;3、安全边际;4、能力圈。
前三个都是巴菲特的老师本杰明·格雷厄姆的概念。
不过,有趣的是,巴菲特和芒格第一次见面,就是吐槽自己老师的理念。
后来,受芒格影响,巴菲特开始用不那么便宜的价格买好的公司。
所以,即使是狭义价值投资,也是在不断演变的。
但是,价值投资的四个基本理念,的确可以作为投资的“元认知”。
巴菲特致股东信2024年 英文原文
巴菲特致股东信2024年英文原文(中英文实用版)Title: Buffett's Letter to Shareholders 2024Dear Shareholders,As we step into another year of Berkshire Hathaway's journey, I am delighted to report our continued progress and achievements. The past year has been filled with challenges and opportunities, and I believe our company has navigated them effectively. In this letter, I would like to share my thoughts on our performance, the state of our businesses, and the outlook for the future.尊敬的股东们,随着伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司迈进新的一年,我很高兴地向大家报告我们持续的发展和取得的成果。
过去的一年充满了挑战和机遇,我相信我们的公司在应对这些挑战方面表现得相当出色。
在这封信中,我想谈谈我们的业绩、业务状况以及未来的展望。
Looking back, Berkshire's performance in 2024 has been satisfactory. Our revenue and earnings have shown steady growth, reflecting the strength of our diverse portfolio of businesses. I am particularly pleased with the progress made by our subsidiaries, which continue to be the driving force behind our success.回顾过去,伯克希尔在2024年的表现令人满意。
巴菲特至股东的信中文版
致的股东:2011年我们的A股和B股每股账面增长了%.在过去47年,即现任层就职以来,账面价值从每股19增长到99860美元,年复合增长%.伯克希尔副董事长,我的合伙人查理-对2011年取得的进展感到满意,以下是要点:董事会的主要工作是确保让合适的人选来运营我们的业务,确认下一代领导人并让他们做好准备明天就可以接管公司.我在19个公司董事会任职,伯克希尔董事们在继承方案上投入的时间和努力是最多的.更重要的是,他们的努力得到了回报.2011年开始的时候,Todd Combs作为一名经理加入了我们,在年末结束不久,Ted Weschler也加入了我们.他们两个人都拥有杰出的投资技能,以及对伯克希尔的承诺.在2012年他们两人只掌管数十亿美元资金,但他们拥有的大脑、判断力和魅力,可以在我和查理不再运营伯克希尔时掌管整个投资组合.你们的董事会对于谁会成为CEO的继任人也同样热情.同样我们也有两个非常好的超级替补.我们到时候可以做到无缝交接,而伯克希尔的前途将保持光明.我的98%以上净都是伯克希尔,他们将进入各种慈善.将如此多资金投入到一只股票中并不符合传统智慧.但我对这一安排感到满意,我知道我们的业务质量好并且多元化,而管理他们的人又如此能干.有了这些资产,我的继任者就有了良好的开端.不要把这段话解读为我和查理会去哪里.我们仍非常健康,并且喜欢我们做的事情.在9月16日,我们收购了路博润,一家生产添加剂和其他特殊化学制品的全球性公司.自James Hambrick在2004年成为CEO以来取得了杰出的成绩.税前利润从亿美元增长到亿美元.路博润在特殊化学领域将会有很多附加的收购机会.其实,我们已经同意了三起收购,成本为亿美元.James是一个有原则的买家,一个超级的公司运营者.查理和我都迫切希望扩张他的管理领域.我们的主要业务去年也表现很好.实际上,我们五个最大的非公司,BNSF,Iscar,路博润,Marmon集团和中美能源都取得了创纪录的盈利.这几项业务2011年税前共盈利超过90亿美元.而在七年前,我们只拥有其中一家,就是中美能源,当时其税前盈利为亿美元.除非在2012年走弱,我们这五项业务应该都能再创纪录,总盈利能够轻易超过100亿美元.总体来说,我们运营的所有公司2011年在房地产、工厂和设备上投入了82亿美元,比之前的记录还要高20亿美元.大约有95%的支出都是在美国,这可能会让那些觉得我们的国家缺乏投资机会的人感到吃惊.我们欢迎海外的项目,但是预期未来伯克希尔的资金承诺主要还是在美国.2012年这方面的开销会再创纪录.我们的保险业务继续为无数其他机会提供没有成本的.这个业务制造的是“浮款”——这些钱不属于我们,但我们可将之用于投资给伯克希尔带来好处.同时如果我们在损和成本方面的支出比我们收到的保费少,我们就赢得了一笔额外的承销费用,意味这比浮款的成本比零还要少.尽管我们不时会出小一些承保损失,我们现在已经连续9年都获得了承销利润,总额高达170亿美元.在过去的9年时间,我们的浮款从410亿美元上升到现在创纪录的700亿美元.保险是我们的一个好业务.最后,我们在上做了两项重大投资:1、50亿美元购买美国6%的优先股,同时获得权证可以在2021年9月2日之前以每股美元的价格购买7亿股普通股.2、6390万股IBM股票,成本为109亿美元.加上IBM,我们现在在四家非常优秀的公司里占有大量股份:美国运通13%,可口可乐%,IBM %,富国银行%.当然,我们也拥有很多小一点,但同样重要的仓位.我们将这些持仓视为在伟大的公司里的合伙人利益,而不是基于短期前景可供出售的.这些公司的盈利情况还远未反应在我们的盈利中.只有我们从这些公司的分红反应在我们的报告中了.长期来说,在这些公司未分配的盈利中,归属我们所有权的那一部分对我们来说至关重要.因为我们将通过各种方式使用这些盈利,来增加未来的盈利和投资对象的分红.他们也可以用来回购股票.如果我们在去年就持有我们现在的仓位,我们从这“四大”公司中就可以获得亿美元的分红.这一部分就会出现在伯克希尔的收入报告中.我们这个季度的盈利就会高得多,为33亿美元.查理和我相信我们账本上没有报告的24亿美元将为伯克希尔创造同等的价值,因为它可以增加未来数年的盈利.我们预期这四家公司的盈利和分红2012年会继续增长,并在未来许多年都会增长.十年后,我们持有的这四家公司盈利可能为我们带来会70亿美元盈利,其中有20亿美元的分红.我的好消息报完了.接下来是2011年伤害我们的一些事情:过去几年,我花了20亿美元购买了Energy Future Holdings发行的多种,后者是一家为德克萨斯州的部分地区提供服务的电力运营商.这是一个错误-巨大的错误.从大的方面衡量,这家公司的前景与天然气价格的前景联系在一起,而后者在我们购买后大幅下跌并一直在低估徘徊.尽管自购买后我们每年收到大约亿美元的利息支付,但除非天然气价格大幅上升,否则这家公司的支付能力将很快耗尽.我们在2010年对这笔投资提了10亿美元减记.去年又补提了亿美元.在年底,我们将这笔债券的账面价值按其市值亿美元确认.如果天然气价格维持在目前水平,我们很可能将面临更多损失,金额甚至最终能够抹去目前的账面价值.相反,如果天然气价格大幅回升,我们将会恢复部分,甚至全部的减记额.无论结果如何,在我购买债券的时候都算错了损失概率.在网球术语中,这是你们的主席一次非常重大的非受迫性失误.在2011年,三项大规模的同时也是非常有吸引力的固定收益投资被其发行人赎回了.瑞士再保险,高盛和GE在赎回证券时一共向我们支付了128亿美元,这些证券此前每年给伯克希尔创造12亿美元的税前收益.这么一大笔收益需要再投资,尽管我们对Lubrizol的收购抵消了大部分的影响.去年,我告诉你们“房地产复苏很可能在一年左右时间内开始.”我错的离谱.我们拥有5家,其业绩受到房地产业的显着影响.这直接影响了Clayton Homes的业绩,后者是美国最大的移动房屋制造商,占到2011年此类房屋建造量的7%.此外,Acme Brick,Shaw地毯,Johns Manville隔热层和MiTek建筑产品都受到建筑活动的极大英系那个,我们的5家房地产相关公司在2011年共录得税前收益亿美元.这与2010年类似,但低于2006年的18亿美元.房地产会复苏的-你能够对此确信无疑.长期看,房屋的数量需与家庭的数量相当在考虑通常比例的空置率后.然而,在2008年前的一段时期内,美国增加的房屋数量高于家庭数量.不可避免的,最终我们造了太多的房屋,泡沫破裂的威力动摇了整个经济.这还给房地产业带来了另一个问题:在衰退初期,新家庭形成的速度放缓,在2009年这一下滑非常剧烈.这一毁灭性的供求关系等式如今逆转了:每天新的家庭数量要多于房屋.人们可能在充满不确定的时期搁置置业,但最终荷尔蒙会接管一切.在衰退期间,一些人最初的反映可能是“暂时同居一室”,但与对方父母同居一室很快会失去吸引力.我们目前每年建造60万个家庭房屋-远低于新家庭形成的数量-购买和租赁需求正在吸收此前遗留下的过度供给.这一过程在美国各地已不同速率开展;不同地区的供需情形不同.然而当这种修复发生时,我们的房地产相关企业却手忙脚乱,他们在2006年的员工数字为58769,而如今却只有43315.作为经济中至关重要的部门,它不仅包含建筑业,还包含所有对其依赖的,房地产业仍然在经历其自身的衰退过程中.我相信这是就业复苏远远落后于我们在经济的绝大部分行业所看到的稳固和显着的复苏的原因.明智的货币和财政政策在缓和衰退中起到重要作用,但这些政策工具不会创造家庭,也不能消除多余的房屋.幸运的是,人口因素和我们的市场体系将会恢复所需的平衡-很可能在不久之后.当那一天来临的时候,我们的年均住宅建造量将再度达到100万栋或更多.我相信,一旦这种情形发生后,那些自命权威的人将对失业率的下降程度感到惊讶.他们将再度意识到1776年以来就一直确认的事实:美国的好日子还在前面.内含查理和我使用的每股内含价值的增长率来衡量我们的业绩表现.如果我们的长期内超过标普500的表现,我们就配得上自己的薪水.如果未能超过,那么我们得到的薪水太多了.我们没有办法准确定位内含价值.尽管其价值被大幅低估,但我们确实有一个有效的代理指标:每股账面价值.这一指标在大部分毫无意义.然而在伯克希尔,账面价值大致追随企业价值波动.这是因为伯克希尔的内含价值超过账面价值的幅度不会每年大幅变化,尽管这一差异在大部分年份内都是增加的.长期看,这一差异在绝对值上可能越来越大,但企业价值/账面价值的比例却大致稳定,因为其分子、分母同时变大.我们此前经常强调我们的账面价值表现在糟糕的日子里几乎确定超过标普500的表现,在股市强劲的时候将会弱于指数表现.真正的考验是我们长期做的如何.去年的年报包含了一张表格列出了自我们在1965年接手伯克希尔后的42个5年期间例如1965-69,1966-70的业绩表现.所有的期间都显示我们的账面价值表现击败了标普,我们的记录一直持续到2007-11.去年我列出了两张表,阐明一些关键数据以帮助你估算我们每股的内在价值.上次那两张表中需要有所更新的是,2011年每股增长4%至98366.我们从商业本身而非或投资获得的税前收益增长18%至每股6990美元.我和查理都乐见这两方面的增长,但我们更关注营业收益.我们现在拥有的公司应该增加他们的总收入.同时,我们希望购入一些大型业务,以获得更大的收入增长.我们现在有8个子公司位列500强,所以还剩492个选择.我的任务非常明确,而我现在仍在考虑中.股份回购去年九月,我们宣布,伯克希尔将以最高为账面价值的110%回购股份.我们入市仅几天,在触及我们所限定的价格之前,回购了价值6700万美元的股份.当满足两个条件时,我和查理会选择股份回购:1、公司拥有充裕的资金来维持日常运转和所需的现金流;2、股票价格远低于保守估计的公司内在价值.我们曾目睹很多股份回购并非满足上述第二条条件.你要知道,很多CEO永远认为他们公司的股票太便宜了.但事实上,股份回购并非简单用来抵消股票增发带来的股权稀释,或者仅仅因为公司手握多余的现金.只有当回购价格低于股票内在价值时,继续持有的才不会利益受损.考虑是否要收购或者股份回购时的第一准则是,在某一个价格你是明智的,但在另一个价格时你可能就是愚蠢的what is smart at one price is dumb at another.摩根大通的Jamie Dimon就始终重视价格/价值因素在回购决定中的重要性.我建议你们去读读他的年度信.当很多人在伯克希尔股票低于内在价值时抛售时,我和查理心情复杂.一方面,我们希望帮助继续持有的股东获得更丰厚的利润,而最好的方法无疑是购入我们自己的股票,因为我们知道现在的只是内在价值的九成、八成,甚至更低.这就像我们一位董事曾经说过的,这在就好比在一个水已流干的桶里,射那些已经停止跳跃的鱼.另一方面,我们并不希望我们的股东在股票价格还未达到内在价值时就出仓,尽管我们回购股份的价格或许比一些股东预设的出仓价位要高.我们回购时,希望那些退出的股东能充分意识到他们所抛售的资产究竟价值几何.我们预设回购价格上限为账面价值的110%,回购明显增加了伯克希尔每股的内在价值.而且我们买得越多,买的价格越便宜,继续持有的股东获得的利润将更丰厚.因此,如果有机会,我们希望积极回购股票,甚至在价格上限或略低于价格上限的价位上.但是,你要知道,我们对支持股市并无兴趣.另外,如果我们持有的现金少于200亿美元,我们也不会进行股票回购操作.在伯克希尔,实力毫无疑问比其他所有事情都要重要.对回购的讨论为我提供了一个阐述众多投资者对股价变化非理性反应的机会.当伯克希尔购买一家正在回购股票的公司时,我希望出现两件事情:首先,我们通常希望企业盈利在未来一段较长时期将有良好的增长;第二,我们还希望股票在相当长一段时间表现落后于大市.对第二点的一个推论就是:“按照我们的剧本”持有我们拥有的股票——假设这能够有效——事实上将会对伯克希尔有害,而不是评论家惯常认为的有益.让我们以IBM为例.正如许多观察者所知,其CEO郭士纳Lou Gerstner 和彭明盛Sam Palmisano作出了出色的工作,把IBM从20年前濒临破产变成了今天的卓越领先,他们的经营成果是极不平凡.但是他们的财务也同样辉煌,特别是近年来改善了公司的财务灵活性.事实上,我能认为没有其他大公司有更好的财务管理,这一技能实实在在的增进了IBM股东的获利.该公司明智地使用债务,几乎全部用现金完成增值收购,并积极的回购自己的股票.今天IBM有亿股流通股,我们拥有约6390万股占到%.当然公司未来五年的盈利对我们而言尤其重要.除此之外该公司还可能会花500亿美元左右在未来几年回购股份.我们今天的测验就是:一个长期投资者,比如伯克希尔,应该在这段时间内期待什么呢我们不会让你保留悬念.我们应该期待IBM股价在未来五年内下跌.让我们做数学题.如果IBM股价在这一时间段的平均价格为200美元,公司将用500亿美元收购亿股股票.这将导致流通股数量为亿股,我们将拥有7%的公司股份.反之如果股价未来五年以平均300美元的价格出售,IBM将仅仅能购买亿股.这将导致在五年后有约亿股流通股,而我们将拥有其中的%.如果IBM将盈利,比如第五年有200亿美元,我们享受的份额将是一个完整的1亿美元,而在“令人失望”较低股价下享受的收益大于高股价的情况.逻辑很简单:如果你将要在未来成为某只股票的净买方,要么直接用自己的钱购买或者间接通过持有一家正在回购股票的公司,当股价上升时你就受害,当股价不振时你获益.不过,情感因素通常会令事情变得复杂:大多数人,包括将在未来成为净买入者那些人,看到股价上升会觉得舒服.这些股东就像是看到汽油价格上涨感到高兴的通勤者,仅仅因为他们的油箱里已经装满了一天汽油.查理和我并不指望能赢得你们中的很多人用与我们相同的思维思考,我们已经观察到了足够多人的行为,知道这是徒劳的.但是我确实想要你了我们的个人算法.并且在这里陈述是为了:在我早期的日子里,我也乐于看到上涨.然后我读到的“聪明的投资者”第八章,这章说明了投资者如何对待股价的波动.立刻一切在我眼前发生了变化,低价成为了我的朋友.拿起那本书是我一生中最幸运的时刻之一.最后,IBM的带给我的投资成本主要取决于它未来的盈利.但是一个重要的辅助因素是,公司愿意拿出多少可观的资金来购买自己的股票.如果回购一旦令IBM的流通股跌到了6390万股,那么我将放弃我们着名的节俭,给伯克希尔公司所有员工有薪假期.首先看保险,的核心业务,这个在过去几年推动我们发展的引擎.财产险保险在前期收保费和以后支付索赔,极端的例子下,比如那些工人事故赔偿,可能要几十年才会产生支付.这个现在收钱,以后付款的模式让我们持有大量现金,我们称这位“浮动”的钱,并最终向流到别人的地方.与此同时,我们将这些浮存金令伯克希尔.虽然个人保单来来往往,但是我们持有的浮存金相对于保费量仍然保持稳定.因此随着我们业务的增长,浮动金也在增长.下表反应了我们的增长情况:我们的浮存金从目前的水平上可能不会再增长多少,如果还有的话.这主要是因为相对于我们的保费收入,已经有一个超大型的浮存金规模.浮存金是否会出现一个下降,我将会补充,它将几乎肯定以一个缓慢的形式出现,因此不会令我们付出大量资金.如果我们的保费收入超过我们的开支和最终损失的总额,我们把浮存金产生的获利加入到投资收入中.当这样的一个利润发生时,我们享受自由使用资金——并且更好的是,持有资金还能获利.不幸的是,所有保险人希望发生的情况导致了激烈竞争,如此激烈导致大量年份中财产保险业整体出现损.比如State Farm,这个迄今为止美国最大的保险公司,并且作为一个良好的公司,在过去11年中的8年产生承保亏损.保险业出现亏损的方式有很多,这个有办法创造新的亏损.正如本报告第一部分所指出的,我们经营的业务连续九年有承保利润,我们在这阶段的收益总计达到170亿.我们相信我们将在大多数年份继续承保利润,但肯定不是全部年份.如果我们果我们实现这个目标,我们的浮存金将好过免费午餐.我们的获利就像是如果某些团体在我们这里存了706亿美元,向我们支付一笔费用持有这些钱,并允许我们用这笔钱为自己获利投资.那么这些浮存金是如何影响内在的估算呢我们的浮存金作为一笔负债从伯克希尔的账簿中减去,如同我们要在明天付掉,并且无法补充它.但这是一种对浮存金不正确的看法,而正确的看法应该是作为周转来看.如果浮存金既是无成本的,又是长期持久的,这个负债的真正价值远低于会计定义上的负债.部分抵消这种夸大的负债是对我们保险公司的155亿美元“商誉”作为资产纳入账簿,事实上,商誉代表了我们为浮存金支付的价格.然而商誉的成本没有体现真正的价值.如果如果保险业产生巨大和持续的承保损失,任何任何商誉的资产都应该被视为毫无价值,不论其原始成本多少.幸运的是,在伯克希尔情况并非如此.查理和我认为我们保险业务的商誉的真正价值——我们将以此作为支付购买浮存金——要远远超过其历史账面价值.我们的浮存金价值是其中的一个原因——一个很大的原因——这就是我们为什么相信伯克希尔的内在商业价值大大超过帐面价值.让我再次强调一点,无成本的浮存金不是整体财产保险业预期都能产生的结果:我不认为有很多“伯克希尔”式的浮存金在保险业界中存在.在大多数年份里,包括2011年,该行业的保费收入已不足以支付索赔和费用.因此,该行业几十年来的有形资产整体回报为,远远短低于美国工业的平均回报.这一遗憾的表现几乎可以肯定将继续.伯克希尔优秀经济性只是因为我们有某些了不起的经理人在运营某些非凡的保险业务.让我告诉你们一些主要的部门.以浮存金规模计,排名第一的是Ajit Jain管理的伯克希尔-再保险集团.Ajit担保的风险没有别的人愿意或者有能接纳得了.他的运作结合了容量、速度、果断.最重要的是,他的思维方式在保险业中独一无二.然而他从来没有把伯克希尔暴露到与我们的资源不适当的风险中.事实上事实上,我们在这方面比大多数大型保险公司更为保守.举例来说,如果保险业应该经历一个从一些亏损2500亿美元特大灾难——损失相当于任何时候曾经历的三倍——作为一个整体伯克希尔可能会录得适度利润的一年,因为它有许多盈利流.目前所有其他主要保险公司和再保险公司都离上涨的红色很远,有些人还将面临破产.从1985年开始,Ajit已创造了有340亿美元浮存金的保险业务和巨大的承保利润,一个没有任何其他保险公司的首席执行官能够接近的壮举.这些成就使他为伯克希尔价增加了数十亿美元的价值.查理很乐意拿我换第二个Ajit,但是第二个不存在.我们另一个强力保险部门是由Tad Montross管理的General Re.作为一个优秀保险人他的经营要坚持四条准则,他必须1了解所有敞口可能会导致的保单损失;2保守评估任何敞口可能导致的真实损失以及可能造成的成本 3设置能提供利润的一保费,能平均的把两个潜在损失成本和运营费用都覆盖在内 4如果不能得到适当的保费溢价.愿意离场.许多保险公司通过前三个测试但第四个不及格.他们就是无法转身离开其竞争对手都热切进入的业务.老话:“其他人正在这么干所以我们必须也干”,在任何行业都会出问题.,但是没有其他行业的情况会比保险业更坏.事实上,一个好的有独立思维的承报人,必须像在开车回家途中接到妻子电话的那个人一样聪明.”“Albert,当心“,她妻子警告:”我刚刚听到广播说有一辆成出问题卡在了州际公路上.“Mabel,他们根本什么都不懂,“Albert回答说,“不只是一辆车,而是有上百辆”.Tad明白保险业四条军规,而这也反映到他的成绩单上.General Re 在他的领导下创造了巨大的浮存金,我们希望,从平均的角度而言他能继续.在我们收购General Re的最初几年,它是一个麻烦,现在它是一笔.最后还有GEICO,这个保险人让我在61年前获得了经验.GEICO由Tony Nicely运营,他18岁加入公司,2011年已经供职了50年.GEICO 令人羡慕的业绩,来自Tony完美的执行一个几乎无法被复制的运营模式.在他担任CEO的18年中,我们的份额从%增长到%.如果公司的仍然维持静止的份额——如同他担任CEO以前的情况——那么现在我。
巴菲特2020年致股东信全文精译(含重点标注及金句)
巴菲特2020年致股东信全文精译(含重点标注及金句)第一部分为金句节选第二部分为全文精译以下为股东信全文:致伯克希尔哈撒韦公司股东:根据通用会计准则(GAAP),伯克希尔在2019年赚取利润814亿美元,以税后收益看,其中营业利润240亿美元,持股中已实现的资本收益为37亿美元,持股中增加的未实现净资本收益为537亿美元。
上述537亿美元的收益源于2018年实行的GAAP新规。
它要求,将公司持有的股票证券纳入这些证券未实现资本利得的净损益中。
正如我们在去年股东信所说,和我共同管理伯克希尔的查理·芒格和我都不赞成这样的规定。
事实上,采用上述专业会计核算的规定让整个会计核算的思维发生了重大转变。
在2018年以前,GAAP坚称,除了专营交易证券的公司之外,一家公司在股票投资组合中拥有的未实现收益只要被视为“非暂时性的”,就永远不能纳入已实现和未实现的损益中。
而现在,伯克希尔必须在每个季度的盈利——也就是很多投资者、分析师和评论人士看重的关键项目中计入所持股票的一切波动,无论那些波动可能有多么反复无常。
2018年和2019年伯克希尔的业绩显而易见印证我们对GAAP新规的上述观点。
2018年股市下跌,我们的未实现净收益减少了206亿美元,因此GAAP下收益仅有40亿美元。
2019年股价上涨,因此为实现净收益达到537亿美元,推动GAAP下收益增至这封信开头所说的814亿美元。
这些市场起伏导致GAAP收益猛增了1900%!与此同时,在我们可能称之为现实世界的环境下,和会计核算方面不同,过去两年,伯克希尔的股票持仓平均价值约为2000亿美元,我们所持股票的内在价值这两年在稳步地大幅增长。
我和查理敦促大家,把注意力集中在营业利润上,忽视每个季度和年度的投资损益,不管是已实现的还是未实现的。
2019年,营业利润相比2018年几乎没有变动。
我们的这个建议绝对不会减少伯克希尔投资的重要性。
我和查理期望,久而久之,我们的股票持仓——作为一个整体能带来大笔收益,而且是无法预测的超高收益。
巴菲特致股东的信(中文)
致伯克希尔哈撒韦公司的股东:2016年伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司净值大增275亿美元,公司A级和B级股票每股账面价值的涨幅都达到了10.7%。
在过去的52年时间里(即自现有管理层接管公司之后),公司每股账面价值已从19美元涨至172108美元,综合年增幅达到19%。
伯克希尔公司业绩同标普500指数历年增长对比(第一列为伯克希尔每股账面价值年度增幅,第二列为伯克希尔每股市值年度增幅,第三列为标普500指数)在这52年里的前半段时间里,伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的净值基本相当于企业自身的固有价值,其中原因正是由于公司大多数资源都以市场化债券的方式存在(这种债券的价值通常情况下会被重新估值。
如果它们被出售,卖家所需负担税赋较少)。
在华尔街,伯克希尔·哈撒韦的资产负债表都采用逐日结算的办法进行统计。
到了20世纪90年代早期,我们关注的焦点转移至对其他企业的完全持有,这一策略使得公司经营情况和资产负债状况的联动机制被实质性地解除了。
值得注意的是,上述联动机制的解除主要原因在于被称为GAAP(美国通用会计准则)会计准则的实施。
这一要求企业必须遵守的准则,同此前我们利用市场化债券对企业价值进行管理的办法较为不同。
特别强调的是,我们所拥有的企业在遭遇亏损情况愈发明显之时,其作为一个“失败者”的价值需要被业绩报表中被“减计”。
相反,作为“胜利者”的企业价值从来不会被多估。
我们已经经历过两种后果:在合并案已经基本敲定时,当我说同意时,公司对其他企业的收购往往会出现意料之外的结果。
我们会做出一些十分低调的收购决定,而我给出的收购价格要比被收购企业的实际价格高出很多。
这样一来伯克希尔·哈撒韦的账面价值就会出现减计的情况。
在过去我们所实施的一系列收购行动中也出现过一些赢家,其中有少数是规模较大的企业,但他们业绩却并未出现减计的情况。
我们对上述不对称的会计准则并无反对。
然而当经历过一段时间之后,伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的实际价值和账面价值之间就会出现一定差异。
1979年巴菲特致股东的信(附英文版全文)
1979年巴菲特致股东的信(附英文版全文)致伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的全体股东:首先,还是会计相关的议题,从去年年报开始,会计原则要求保险公司持有的股票投资在资产负债表日的评价方式,从原先的成本与市价孰低法,改按公平市价法列示,由于我们帐上的股票投资拥有大量的未实现利益,因此即便我们已提列了资本利得实现时应该支付的估计所得税负债,我们1978年及1979年的净值依然大幅增加。
大家都知道,我们持股60%的蓝筹邮票业已并入伯克希尔的合并报表之中,然而依照现行会计原则规定,蓝筹邮票的股票投资仍必须按照旧制-也就是成本与市价孰低法列示,换句话说,以同一种价格买进同一种股票,不同公司的会计评价方法竟不一样,(这是不是让你毛骨悚然),蓝筹邮票持股的市值请参阅18 页的附注三。
1979 年营运成果就短期间而言,我们一向认为营业利益(不含出售证券损益)除以股东权益(所有股票投资按原始成本计算)所得出的比率,为衡量单一年度经营成果的最佳方式。
之所以不按市价计算的原因,是因为如此做将使得分母每年大幅波动而失去比较意义,举例来说,股票价格大幅下跌造成股东权益跟着下滑,其结果将使得原本平常的营业利益看起来反而不错,同样的,股价表现越好,股东权益分母跟着变大的结果,将使得营业利益率变得失色,所以我们仍将按期初的股东权益(股票投资以原始成本计)为基准来衡量经营绩效。
在这样的基础下,1979年我们获得了不错的经营成果,营业利益达到期初净值的18.6%,略逊于1978年的数字,当然每股盈余成长了不少(约20%),但我们不认为应该对每股盈余过于关注,因为虽然1979年我们可运用的资金又增加了不少,但运用的绩效却反而不如前一年度,因为即便是利率固定的定存帐户,只要摆着不动,将领取的利息滚入本金,每年的盈余还是能达到稳定成长的效果,一个静止不动的时钟,只要不注意,看起来也像是运作正常的时钟。
所以我们判断一家公司经营好坏的主要依据,取决于其股东权益报酬率(排除不当的财务杠杆或会计作帐),而非每股盈余的成长与否,我们认为如果管理当局及证券分析师能修正其对每股盈余的关注,则股东及一般投资大众将会对这些公司的营运情况有更深入的了解。
历年 巴菲特致股东的信 英文原版
历年巴菲特致股东的信英文原版全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Warren Buffett, the legendary investor and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, has been writing annual letters to shareholders for over five decades. These letters provide insight into his investment philosophy, the performance of his company, and his views on the economy and financial markets. Buffett's letters are eagerly anticipated by investors and analysts around the world, as they provide valuable lessons and guidance on investing and business.In his letters, Buffett shares his thoughts on a wide range of topics, from the performance of his company's stock portfolio to the state of the global economy. He often uses colorful language and analogies to make his points, and his letters are known for their straightforward and easy-to-understand style. Buffett also shares stories and anecdotes from his own life and career, giving readers a glimpse into the mind of one of the most successful investors of all time.One of the key themes that runs through Buffett's letters is the importance of long-term thinking and a focus on the fundamentals of a business. He emphasizes the value of patience and discipline in investing, and cautions against following short-term trends or trying to time the market. Buffett's letters are filled with timeless wisdom and practical advice for investors of all levels of experience.In addition to discussing his investment philosophy, Buffett also shares insights into the operations of Berkshire Hathaway and the performance of its subsidiaries. He highlights key achievements and challenges faced by the company, and outlines his vision for the future of the business. Buffett's letters are not only informative, but also entertaining, as he has a talent for weaving together financial data and storytelling in a way that captivates readers.Overall, Buffett's letters to shareholders are a valuable resource for anyone interested in investing, business, or finance. They provide a unique window into the mind of one of the most successful investors of all time, and offer valuable lessons and insights that can help individuals navigate the complex world of the financial markets. Buffett's letters are a testament to hiswisdom, integrity, and legendary investing prowess, and are a must-read for anyone looking to learn from the best.篇2Dear Shareholders,I am pleased to present to you the annual letter to shareholders for Berkshire Hathaway. As we reflect on the past year, we are proud of the progress we have made and the achievements we have accomplished.Although the global economic landscape remains uncertain, we continue to focus on our long-term strategy and investment philosophy. Our commitment to value investing and our disciplined approach to capital allocation have served us well over the years, and we believe they will continue to drive our success in the future.One of the key highlights of the past year was our acquisition of XYZ Company, a leading player in the technology sector. This acquisition has strengthened our position in the market and has opened up new opportunities for growth and expansion. We are excited about the potential of this new venture and believe it will generate value for our shareholders in the years to come.In addition to our acquisition, we have also continued to focus on our core businesses and have made significant investments in key growth areas. Our insurance, railroad, and energy businesses are all performing well, and we are confident in their long-term prospects. We have also made progress in our efforts to reduce our carbon footprint and increase our sustainability efforts across the company.Looking ahead, we are optimistic about the future and believe that we are well-positioned to capitalize on emerging opportunities in the market. We will continue to focus on delivering value to our shareholders and building a strong, sustainable business for the long term.In closing, I want to thank you for your continued support and trust in Berkshire Hathaway. We are committed to serving our shareholders with integrity, transparency, and accountability, and we look forward to another successful year ahead.Sincerely,Warren BuffettChairman and CEOBerkshire Hathaway篇3Warren Buffett is known for his annual letters to shareholders, where he shares his insights on the market, economy, and his investment philosophy. These letters are eagerly anticipated by investors and analysts alike, as they provide a valuable window into the mind of one of the most successful investors of all time.In his letters, Buffett often discusses his investment decisions, the performance of Berkshire Hathaway, and his thoughts on various market trends. He also offers advice on how to approach investing, stressing the importance of patience, discipline, and a long-term perspective.One of the key themes that runs through Buffett's letters is the idea of value investing. Buffett has long been a proponent of this approach, which involves buying undervalued stocks and holding onto them for the long term. He believes that this is the best way to achieve sustainable, long-term returns, and he often uses his letters to reinforce this message.Buffett's letters also offer a peek into his personal life and his views on a wide range of topics. He is known for his folksy writing style and his sense of humor, which make his letters bothinformative and enjoyable to read. Buffett often includes anecdotes and stories from his own life to illustrate his points, giving readers a glimpse into the mind of this legendary investor.Overall, Buffett's letters to shareholders are a valuable resource for investors of all levels. Whether you are a seasoned professional or just starting out, there is much to be gained from reading and studying Buffett's insights. His letters offer a unique blend of investing wisdom, market commentary, and personal reflections, making them a must-read for anyone interested in the world of finance.。
巴菲特致股东的信英文版
巴菲特致股东的信英文版以下是巴菲特致股东的信的英文版:"Dear Shareholders,I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. It is my pleasure to once again provide you with an update on the performance and activities of Berkshire Hathaway.First and foremost, I want to express my gratitude for your continued support and confidence in our company. Despite the challenges posed by the global economic landscape, Berkshire Hathaway has remained resilient and delivered solid results.In terms of financial performance, our operating earnings for the year were strong, reaching new highs. Our diverse portfolio of businesses, ranging from insurance to manufacturing to energy, has allowed us to navigate through various market conditions. We continue to focus on long-term value creation and sustainable growth.Additionally, our investments have also performed well. While short-term market fluctuations are inevitable, we believe in the importance of a long-term investment horizon. Our commitment to buying quality companies at attractive prices remains unwavering.I would also like to highlight our commitment to corporate governance and ethical practices. We strive to maintain the highest standards of integrity and transparency in all our operations. Our board of directors, management team,and employees are dedicated to upholding these principles.Looking ahead, we remain cautiously optimistic about the future. While uncertainties persist, we believe in the resilience of the American economy and the potential for long-term growth. We will continue to seek out opportunities that align with our investment philosophy and create value for our shareholders. In closing, I want to thank you for your unwavering support and trust in Berkshire Hathaway. As always, we remain committed to delivering long-term value and maintaining the trust you have placed in us.Yours sincerely,Warren BuffettChairman and CEO, Berkshire Hathaway"。
某年巴菲特给股东的信英文原版
某年巴菲特给股东的信英文原版Dear Shareholders,The year 2020 was a challenging one for all of us. Along with the rest of the world, we faced an unprecedented crisis brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Against this backdrop, I am pleased to report that Berkshire Hathaway performed reasonably well in an extremely difficult environment.Our operating businesses demonstrated resilience and continued to deliver solid results. Our insurance operations reported underwriting gains, though these were offset by lower investment income in a low interest rate environment. We continued to invest in our various subsidiaries, and our manufacturing and service businesses continued to grow.In addition, we made several strategic investments during the year, including our purchase of a large stake in the natural gas pipeline company Dominion Energy, which we believe will create significant value for our shareholders over the long term. We also invested in various pharmaceutical companies, as we believe that this sector will continue to experience growth in the years to come.Overall, we believe that our diversification and long-term focus have helped us weather this challenging year. While thepandemic will undoubtedly have an ongoing impact on our businesses, we remain confident in our ability to navigate these obstacles and continue creating value for our shareholders over the long term.Of course, none of this would be possible without the hard work and dedication of our employees, who have shown tremendous commitment and adaptability during this challenging time. On behalf of the entire Berkshire Hathaway team, I thank them for their efforts.Looking ahead, we remain focused on seeking out attractive investment opportunities, maintaining our strong financial position, and delivering value for our shareholders. While the future is always uncertain, we remain confident in the resilience of our business model and the ability of our team to navigate whatever challenges lie ahead.Thank you for your continued support of Berkshire Hathaway.Sincerely,Warren E. Buffett。
持续复利巴菲特致股东的信
持续复利巴菲特致股东的信Dear Shareholders,I am pleased to report another strong year for our company, as we continue to achieve solid returns and compound our investments over the long term. Our focus on quality businesses with sustainable competitive advantages and outstanding management teams has once again paid off, as we delivered another year of growth in earnings and book value per share.As always, our primary objective is to maximize long-term shareholder value, and we are confident that our investment approach and disciplined execution will continue to generate attractive returns for our investors in the years ahead. While short-term market fluctuations and economic uncertainty are inevitable, we remain steadfast in our commitment to buy and hold exceptional businesses at reasonable prices.Of course, our success would not be possible without the hard work and dedication of our talented team of professionals, who consistently demonstrate a deep understanding of our investment philosophy and an unwavering focus on delivering value to our shareholders. I am grateful for their contributions and proud to lead such an exceptional group of individuals.Looking ahead, we remain optimistic about the future prospects of our businesses and the broader economy, despite the ongoing challenges posed by global health and geopolitical issues. As always, we will continue to weigh our investment decisions carefully, with a keen eye on risk management and capital preservation.In closing, I want to express my sincere gratitude to each and every one of our shareholders for their trust and support. We are fully committed to continuing our tradition of excellence and delivering superior long-term returns for our valued investors.Sincerely,Warren Buffett。
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致伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的股东:根据公认会计原则(通常被称为「GAAP」),伯克希尔在2019年赚了814亿美元。
这个数字的组成部分是240亿美元的营业利润,37亿美元的已实现资本利得,以及537亿美元的未实现资本利得净额的增加。
这些收入的每一项都是在税后基础上提出的。
这537亿美元的增长需要评论。
这源于2018年实施的一项新的公认会计准则(GAAP)规定,要求持有股票证券的公司在收益中计入这些证券未实现收益和亏损的净变化。
正如我们在去年的信中所说,无论是我的伯克希尔合伙人查理•芒格(Charlie Munger)还是我都不同意这一规则。
会计行业采用这一规则,实际上是其自身思维的一个巨大转变。
在2018年之前,公认会计准则坚持认为(证券交易公司除外),投资组合中未实现的收益永远不会计入收益,未实现的亏损只有在被视为「非暂时性」的情况下才会计入收益。
现在,伯克希尔公司必须在每个季度的财务报表中记录公司股票的每一次涨跌,不管这些涨跌可能有多么反复无常。
对于许多投资者、分析师和评论员来说,财务报表是一条重要的新闻。
伯克希尔公司2018年和2019年的表现明证了我们对新规定的看法。
2018年是股市下跌的一年,我们的净未实现收益减少了206亿美元,因此我们报告的GAAP收益只有40亿美元。
2019年,不断上涨的股价使上述537亿美元的净未实现收益增加了537亿美元,使按公认会计准则计算的收益增至本信开头所述的814亿美元。
这些市场波动导致GAAP收益疯狂增长了1,900% !与此同时,在我们可以称之为真实世界的地方,而不是会计领域,伯克希尔在这两年中所持股票的平均价值约为2000亿美元,我们所持股票的内在价值在这段时间内稳步大幅增长。
查理和我希望你把注意力放在营业利润上——2019年营业利润几乎没有变化——而忽略投资的季度和年度收益或亏损,无论这些收益或亏损是实现的还是未实现的。
我们的建议是,无论如何都不能削弱这些投资对伯克希尔的重要性。
随着时间的推移,我和查理预计,我们所持的股票——作为一个整体——将带来巨大的收益,尽管是以一种不可预测和极不规律的方式。
要想知道为什么我们会乐观,请继续下一个讨论。
复利的力量1924年,默默无闻的经济学家和财务顾问埃德加·劳伦斯·史密斯(Edgar Lawrence Smith)《把股票当做长期投资》(Common Stocks as Long Term Investments),一本纤薄的书,改变了投资世界。
确实,写书改变了史密斯本人,迫使他重新评估自己的投资信念。
他说,在通货膨胀时期,股票的表现将比债券更好,而债券将在通缩时期带来超额回报。
这似乎很有道理,但进入市场后,史密斯却感到震惊(for a shock)。
因此,他的书开始坦白:「这些研究是失败的记录–事实的失败。
维持先入为主的理论。
」对于投资者而言,幸运的是,这次失败使史密斯更深入地思考了股票应该如何进行评估。
对于史密斯洞察力,我将引用约翰·梅纳德(John Maynard)对此书的早期评价,凯恩斯:「我一直坚持到最后,史密斯先生最重要的,当然也是他最新颖的观点。
管理良好的工业公司通常不会将其全部获利分配给股东。
在良好的年份(如果不是全部年份),它们保留一部分利润并将其重新投入业务。
因此有有利于合理的工业投资的复利元素(凯恩斯的斜体)。
经过一段时间,多年以来,音响行业财产的实际价值以复利增长,除了支付给股东的股息。
」随着知识的普及,史密斯的想法不再晦涩难懂。
很难理解为什么在史密斯的书还没发表之前,留存收益就没有得到投资者的重视。
毕竟,卡耐基(Carnegie)这样的巨人早已积累了令人难以置信的财富,这已不是什么秘密了,洛克菲勒和福特,他们都保留了很大一部分业务收入来为增长和生产提供资金,以获得更多的利润。
同样,在整个美国,长期以来有一些小资本家用相同的方式变的富有。
然而,当将企业所有权切成可以交易的股票时,他们通常将其股票视为市场走势的短期赌博工具。
即使好一点,股票也视为投机。
先生们更喜欢债券。
尽管投资者起步缓慢,但保留利润和再投资的想法现在很好理解。
今天,即便小学生都知道凯恩斯所觉得「新颖」的东西:将储蓄与复利结合起来将创造奇迹。
在伯克希尔,查理和我长期以来一直专注于有利地利用留存收益。
有时这项工作很容易,但在其他时候,难度更大,特别是当我们开始处理巨额且不断增长的现金时。
在管理我们资金时,我们首先寻求投资于我们已经拥有的众多和多样化的业务。
在过去十年中,伯克希尔的折旧费用总计650亿美元,而在房地产、厂房和设备方面的内部投资总计1210亿美元。
对生产性运营资产的再投资将永远是我们的首要任务。
此外,我们不断寻求收购符合三个标准的企业。
首先,他们必须在经营上获得良好的回报。
其次,它们必须由能干、诚实的管理人员管理。
最后,它们必须以合理的价格出售。
当我们发现这类业务时,我们更倾向于完全收购它们。
但是,符合我们标准的重大收购机会并不多见。
更常见的情况是,反复无常的股市为我们提供了机会,让我们购买符合我们标准的上市公司的股票。
无论我们走哪条路,伯克希尔是通过控股公司还是只通过股票市场持有主要股份,伯克希尔从承诺中获得的财务结果在很大程度上将取决于我们所收购业务的未来收益。
尽管如此,在这两种投资方式之间有一个非常重要的会计差异,理解它是至关重要的。
在控股的公司中(定义为伯克希尔持有50%以上股份的公司),每项业务的收益都直接流入我们向您报告的运营收益中。
你看到的就是你得到的。
在非控股公司中,只有伯克希尔收到的股息记录在我们报告的运营收益中。
至于留存收益?它们正在努力,创造了大量新增价值,但并不是直接在伯克希尔公布的收益中。
除了伯克希尔,几乎所有的大公司的投资者都不会发现我们所说的「未确认的收益」很重要。
然而,对我们来说,这是一个重大遗漏,我们将在在下面为你们展示。
在这里,我们列出了我们持仓最大的10大公司。
这份名单区分了它们根据GAAP会计报告的收益,以及伯克希尔从它们那里获得的股息。
以及我们的份额,可以说它们保留并再投入的利润。
通常情况下,这些公司会利用留存收益来扩大业务,提高效率。
或者,有时他们会用这些资金回购很大一部分自己的股票,这一行为会扩大伯克希尔享有的在未来收益中的份额。
logo显然,我们最终从持有的这些公司股权中获得的收益不会与它们留存收益中属于「我们的」份额完全相等。
有时候,留存收益什么也不会产生。
但逻辑和过去的经验都表明,我们将从中实现资本收益,至少等于——甚至可能高于——留存收益。
(当我们出售股票并获利时,我们将按当时的税率为收益缴纳所得税。
目前,联邦税率为21%)。
可以肯定的是,伯克希尔从这10家公司以及我们许多其他股权中获得的回报将以非常不规则的方式表现出来。
会有周期性的损失,有时是某个公司损失,有时是与股市低迷有关的。
在其他时候(去年就是其中之一),我们的收益将会大大增加。
总体而言,我们投资对象的留存收益必将对伯克希尔哈撒韦公司的价值增长至关重要。
史密斯先生是对的。
非保险业务汤姆•墨菲(Tom Murphy)是伯克希尔(Berkshire)的重要董事,并且在业务管理人员中具有空前的才能,很久以前就给我一些有关收购的重要建议:「获得优秀管理者的声誉,只需确保您购买的是好生意。
」多年来,伯克希尔哈撒韦公司收购了许多公司,我最初将它们全部视为「好生意」。
但是,有些收购让人感到失望,有几个是彻底的灾难。
另一方面,可以说很多收购超出了我的期望。
在回顾失衡的收购记录时,我得出的结论是,收购与婚姻相似:它们都是从一场欢乐的婚礼开始的,但随后的现实往往与期望有所不同。
有时,美妙的是,结合为双方带来了超出期望的幸福。
在其他情况下,幻灭很快降临。
将这些对婚姻的想象应用于收购企业时,我不得不说通常是买家遇到不愉快的惊喜。
收购时的幻想总是美好的。
以此类推,我想说,我们目前的婚姻记录(指收购企业)在很大程度上仍然可以接受,各方对他们很久以前的决定感到满意。
我们的一些合作关系非常轻松愉悦。
但是,一个有意义的数字使我非常想知道我提出建议时的想法。
幸运的是,大多数企业都具有令人失望的特征,减少了我的许多错误:随着时间的流逝,「劣质」企业趋于停滞,因此进入一种占用伯克希尔的资本投入越来越小的状态。
同时,我们收购的「好企业」往往会增长并能以更有吸引力的投资回报获得更多资本投入。
由于这些截然不同的发展轨迹,赢家们的资产在我们总投入的资本中不断扩大。
作为这些变化中的一个极端例子,看看伯克希尔最初的纺织业务吧。
当我们在1965年初获得对该公司的控制权时,这个陷入困境的业务几乎需要伯克希尔的全部资金。
因此,一段时间以来,伯克希尔的非盈利纺织品资产严重拖累了我们的整体回报。
最终,尽管如此,我们还是获得了许多「好生意」,这一转变在1980年代初期导致萎缩的纺织业务仅占用了我们很小一部分资金。
如今,我们已将您的大部分资金部署在受控制的企业中,这些企业在净资产上获得了出色的回报。
我们的保险业务一直是超级巨星。
该操作具有别样的特质,使其成为校准成功的独特指标,这是许多投资者不熟悉的指标。
我们将在下一节中讨论这个问题。
在接下来的段落中,我们将综合介绍各种非保险业务的收入规模、扣除利息、折旧、税收、非现金补偿、重组费用——所有这些麻烦但又非常真实的成本,都是首席执行官和华尔街有时敦促投资者忽略的。
有关这些行动的更多信息可在K-6 - K-21页和K-40 - K-52页找到。
我们的BNSF铁路和伯克希尔哈撒韦能源公司(Berkshire Hathaway Energy,简称「 BHE」)是伯克希尔哈撒韦非保险集团的两家领头羊,它们在2019年的总收入达到83亿美元(只包括我们91%的BHE股份),比2018年增长了6%。
根据收入排名(但按字母顺序显示)的我们接下来的五家非保险子公司Clayton Homes,International Metalworking,Lubrizol,Marmon和Precision Castparts在2019年的总收入为48亿美元,与这些公司2018年的收入相比几乎没有变化。
排名靠后和排名靠后的五家公司(Berkshire Hathaway Automotive, Johns Manville, NetJets, Shaw and TTI)去年的收入为19亿美元,高于2018年的17亿美元。
伯克希尔哈撒韦能源(Berkshire Hathaway Energy)伯克希尔哈撒韦能源公司(Berkshire Hathaway Energy)正在庆祝其在我们旗下的第20个年头。
那个周年纪念日表明我们应该赶上公司的成就。
我们将从电价这个话题开始。