ving 做状语
ving做定语和状语的用法
Answer key for Exercise 2.
approached, Jordan, cheek, curiously, dashed, misunderstood, contrary
Answer key for Exercise 3.
crossroads, adult, major, dormitory, greeted, representing, association, spoken, Colombia, curious, flight
2. The glass doors have taken the place of
the wooden ones at the entrance, ___ in
the natural light during the day. (天
津2007)
A. to let B. letting
C. let
人教课标版 高一 必修4
Unit 4
Grammar
Discovering useful words and expressions: Answer key for Exercise 1.
defence, likely, Italy, canteen, represent, dash, approach, association, cheek, flight
2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _tr_a_n_s_l_a_ti_n_g_t_h_e _so_n__g_s can speak seven languages.
3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy _w_h_o_ _is_ _s_t_a_n_d_in_g_ there is reading a book about body language.
ving做定语和状语
定语
非谓语动词 doing 表示：主动的或正在进行的动作 过去分词(done) 表示：被动的或完成的动作 to do 表示：目的或将来的动作
动词--ing形式作定语和状语
I.v-ing 形式作定语,相当于形容词 前置定语： ving(一个单词)+n 后置定语： n+ ving短语(大于一个单词） 1.表示正在进行 a listening child= a child who is listening 2.表示功能用途 a walking stick= a stick for walking. 3.表示性质 an interesting book
5) 表条件
If you use your head, you will find a way.
=Using your head, you will find a way. 一直往前走, 你就会看到一座白色地房子。 ______________, Walking ahead you will see a white house.
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking
Ving作状语
表示动作的结果
Ving作状语可以表示动作的自然结果 Ving作状语可以表示动作的预期结果 Ving作状语可以表示动作的意外结果 Ving作状语可以表示动作的伴随结果
与-ing分词短语的区别
结构不同：-ing分词短语是独立的结构，而Ving作状语是作为状语存在的。
意思不同：-ing分词短语通常表示正在进行的动作或状态，而Ving作状语可以表示 时间、条件、让步等关系。
Ving作状语可以表示伴随的动作，如“He walked along the river，singing l o u d l y. ”
Ving作状语可以表示结果，如“I tried to open the door，only to find it locked.”
表示动作的伴随情况
Ving作状语可以表示主语执行的动作的同时伴随其他动作的发生 Ving作状语可以用来描述主语在执行主要动作时伴随的状态或条件 Ving作状语可以用来强调主语执行的动作与伴随动作之间的关联性 Ving作状语可以用来补充说明主语执行的动作时伴随的其他情况
书面语与口语的区 分
正式与非正式场合 的区分
特定语境场合的区 分
不同领域和专业领 域的区分
注意与其它成分的搭配
注意与主语的搭配：Ving作状语时，应与主语保持逻辑一致，避免产生歧义。 注意与谓语的搭配：Ving作状语时，应与谓语保持时态和语态的一致，以避免语法错误。 注意与宾语的搭配：Ving作状语时，应与宾语保持逻辑一致，确保句子的意思清晰明确。 注意与其它状语的搭配：Ving作状语时，应与其他状语保持合理的顺序，以使句子更加通顺。
汇报人：XX
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
语义关系不同：Ving作状语与独立 主格结构在语义关系上存在差异。
ving作状语用法学习
第2页/共44页
方式状语 第二页，编辑于星期日：七点 三十四分。
V-ing的构成
V-ing是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，表示与主语主动关系。V-ing同样有时态和语态的 变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）
主动形式
被动形式
一般式 完成式
doing
Having done
第3页/共44页
Being done
Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.
Supposing you lose, what will you do?
Judging from his accent, he must be from the north.
Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing?
making
第15页/共44页
第十五页，编辑于星期日：七点 三十四分。
(6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格：
[考点说明]名词、代词+ -ing形式可构成独立主格 结构作时间、条件、原因、或伴随状语，此时-ing
形式的逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。
第16页/共44页
第十六页，编辑于星期日：七点 三十四分。
[典型例题] 1. The moon _______, we came to the foot of the mountain. A. appeared B. appears
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为 没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。
第4页/共44页
(完整版)人教版Book6 Unit5 语法--ving作状语导学案设计
复习v–ing 形式作状语【学习目标】1。
Instruct the students to review the usages of V—ing form as adverbial2. Deal with the relative exercises3.Enable the students to learn to cooperate with each other【课前预习】一、动词ing形式的时态、语态及意义二、V-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
判断以下句子中的V—ing形式作状语属于哪种？______ Crossing the road, he was ran over by a car。
______ Not knowing English， he couldn't understand the film.______ Working hard， you will do well in the exam。
______ Not being a rich man himself, he helped the poor generously.______ The children went into the classroom, talking and laughing.______ His parents died in the war， leaving him an orphan。
三、学习v-ing形式作状语的用法时,需要注意以下要点:1）与过去分词作状语的区别: 一般来说，v-ing形式表示____________; 过去分词表示被动、完成。
The enemy fled in a panic, leaving behind a lot of dead bodies and weapons.Defeated and frightened， the enemy fled in a panic.2）分词(短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语_______.如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前加上它的_______________。
高一英语必修四Unit4 Grammar ： Ving 作状语
高一英语必修四Unit4 Grammar ：Ving 作状语V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。
1. 作定语V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语, 这时有两种情况。
1) -ing形式表示“供作......之用”的意思(1) A swimming pool= a pool for swimming(2) In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
(3) The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
2) -ing形式表示“......的”意思, -ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。
（1) A sleeping child=a child who is sleeping（2）working people=people who are working（3）the rising sun= the sun which is rising(4) They are visitors coming from several countries.=They are visitors who come from several countries(5) The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.2. 作状语现在分词在语法功能上相当于动词、形容词和副词。
现在分词通常和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。
但要注意它地各种形式变化：现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。
现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
Ving作状语的解题技巧
_ __ __
____
_______ __ ___________________
ing作结果状语时，一般用ｄｏｉｎｇ的一般式，其逻辑 主语是一件事（即：前面的整个句子）
Eg： 1. ____________making him end up in He robbed the bank, prison. 2.______________ winning the final Their team worked hard, game. 配套练习： Some factories pour their waste chemicals C into the river, ______the river and the fish . A. to kill B. killed C. killing D. having killed
配套练习：做综合练习2、4题 2.C 4. D 第四步：判断Ving的动作与谓语动词的时间关系 任务：比较下列句子，注意划线部分，判断ving与 谓语动词的时间关系。 1. He stood there waiting for his mother. 2. Having waited for two hours, he went away. 方法： doing/being done ①动作表正在进行/与谓语动词同时发生的用___________ ②动作表在谓语动词之前就发生的用_____________ having done/having been done ③动作表将来的用 to do/to be done
读下列句子，找出-ing的逻辑主语 1. Opening the door, I found nobody in. 2. Being poor, they couldn’t afford to buy a house. 3. Working hard, you’ll succeed. 4. Weighing 100 kilograms, the stone was moved by him alone. 5. The other people sat in the chair and acted out the story using sign language. 6. They sat there, smiling. 7. His parents were killed in the earthquake , leaving him an orphan. 教师点拨：
ving作状语经典课件
(2). Seen from space, the earth looks like a blue ball.
3. 如果主语不一致，可用独立主格或状语从句
Time permitting, I’ll call on you this Sunday.
There being no money, he could buy nothing.
When spring comes on, the trees turn green. 1
判断--改错
1. Being Sunday, we needn’t go to school.
failed the examinations. 3. Having finished his homework, he rushed out to
play basketball.
总结1： 1. 结构：h_a_v_in_g__+_过__去__分__词 2. 表示Ving动作发生在谓语动作 之前/之后，并造成__影__响___ 3. 主语一致，且为主动
1
3). Walking in the street, I saw a
tailor’s shop.
时间
When I was walking in the street.
4). Her husband died, leaving her 3
kids to look after.
结果
…and left her 3 kids to look after.
总结1： 1. 结构：_b_e_in_g__+_过__去__分__词 2. 表示动作_正__在__进__行___, Ving 动作与主语是主动/被动关系。
动词Ving的用法
4.作状语表示伴随状况 1).The children went to the park, laughing on the way. 2).She lies on the bed, holding one of her toy animals. 3).You look at me and I look at you, both knowing. 4).She entered the room, smiling from ear to ear. 5).He said to himself, putting all the money in his pocket. 5.作状语表示原因 Feeling tried, I went to bed early. Being ill, he didn’t come to school today.
6.制定计划干某事
7.有趣的事
V-ing 是动词的一种非谓语形式，不能单独作谓语，与不定式 一样， V-ing也可以带有自己的宾语或状语，构成V-ing短语。 1.作主语 Talking is easier than doing. Going to college is my dream. Spending time with your family and your friends is very important. 2.作宾语 I practice speaking English every day. I have already finished doing my homework. He’s looking forword to seeing you. Thank you for helping me. 3.作宾补 Suddenly I saw a woman lying on the ground. I kept the fire burning all day and all night.
to do与 ving作结果状语的区别
表示一种自然而然的结果
Exercises
C all 5 a) A little plan crashed into a hill, ___ people in it. A. killed B. to kill C. killing D. being killed D the b) He hurried to the hotel only ___ tickets had been sold out. A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to be told
Exercises
c) Football is played in more than 80 countries, making ______(make) it a popular sport. to find d) He woke up only ________(find) himself in a hospital.
• b） He attempted to cover the facts only to let them out.
• 他试图掩盖真相，结果却欲盖弥彰。
V-ing 作结果状语
• a) His parents died, leaving him an orphan. • 他的父母都去世了，他成了一个孤儿。
不定式to d育凤凰园校区 周瑶瑶
教学目标：
• 1. 了解不定式to do 与V-ing作 结果状语的区别
• 2. 运用所学，处理练习
不定式to do 作结果状语
• a) He studied hard only to fail in the exame. • 他学习很努力，考试却不及格。
V-ing 作状语
2．V-ing形式与句子主语之间的主动与被动关系. 当V-ing形式与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系 时，用主动式 。 当V-ing形式与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系 时，用被动式 。 Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call. 由于没有收到他的信，我给他打了个电话。(逻辑上 的主谓关系) Having being told many times, he still couldn’t understand it. 多次被告知后，他还是不懂。 （Having being told…与句子主语之间存在逻辑上 的动宾关系，并表示动作在前。）
Having finished their work，they had a rest． (相当于时间状语从句) After they finished their work，they had a rest．
二、形式与基本句型
1．V-ing形式有下列形式变化.
主动式 一般式为 v-ing 完成式为having v-ed
3) 表方式、伴随状语可转换成并列句
He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)
他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall. (＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)
时间关系当ving形式所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生时用一般式
V-ing作定语
5．Ving 作定语 1、单个动词的V-ing 形式作前置定语时, 有两种情况。 1)-ing形式表示被修饰者的作用或功能, 这类作定语的-ing 形式叫动名词。 a swimming pool= a pool used for swimming drinking water= water used for drinking a sleeping car a car used for sleeping
ving作状语
v-ing形式作状语v-ing形式作状语时,用于修饰某动词或整个句子，所表示的动作与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
v-ing形式作状语时,可以单独使用，也可以在其前加上when，while，after,if，unless,although，though 等连词，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、伴随、方式等。
1。
作时间状语Hearing this news，she got frightened。
听到这个消息，她感到害怕.Looking out of the window，I saw some children playing football。
Turning around , he saw a tiger running up.2。
作结果状语The boy ran even faster,reaching the school out of breath. 那个男孩跑得更快了,到达学校时累得上气不接下气了。
The child slipped and fell，hitting his head against the door。
Her husband died，leaving her four children。
They fired，killing many people in the street.3。
作伴随状语He stood by the window，watching people passing by his window。
He came running.She stood waiting for a bus.He sat there reading a book。
The students ran out of the classroom，talking and laughing。
4. 作原因状语Being a student，I must study hard. 作为一名学生,我必须努力学习。
V-ing形式作状语.doc
V-ing形式作状语一. 功能：时间原因条件伴随方式让步结果不表目的1）v-ing 短语作时间状语，相当于when\ while\ as\ after\ until等引导的时间状语从句。
例如：Gathering around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Looking at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.Having failed to reach them on the phone，we sent an email instead.Not realizing that he was in great danger，Eric walked deeper into the forest.Having waited in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.v-ing 短语作时间状语考点呈现如下几个特点：（1）一般式与完成式（2）引导词的连带出现（3）位于句首，有时句中2）v-ing 短语作原因状语，相当于because引导的原因状语从句。
例如：3）v-ing 短语条件状语，相当于if\ unless条件状语从句。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
10. He hunted all the shops to look for a nice present for his mother. He hunted all the shops, _l_o_o_k_in_g__fo_r
C_o_m__in__g_ _f_r_o_m_ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.
5. She sat at the desk and did her homework.
She sat at the desk _d_o_i_n_g_ _h_e_r_ ___h_o_m__e_w_o_r.k
Grammar
The Present Participle as Adverbial
组卷网
（现在分词做状语）
V-ing做主语,宾语,补语,表语，定语和状语
1. Coming late for school is a bad habit.
2.We should avoid coming late for school.
3. 一般被动式：being done
Being criticised by the teacher, the boy hung his head. 4. 完成被动式：having been done
Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.
Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.
Supposing you lose, what will you do?
Judging from his accent, he must be from the north.
(8)独立主格： I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard． 我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。
= Four people entered the room and
looked around in a curious way. 6) Knowing all this ，I still want to see it
for myself. 让步 = Even though I know all this，I still
• As she didn’t know any French, she couldn’t get any one to help her.
• Not knowing any French, she
单句改错
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell
you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got
V-ing 形式做状语
• 1. 做时间状语 • 2. 做原因状语 • 3. 做条件状语 • 4. 做让步状语 • 5. 表示方式或伴随情况 • 6. 做结果状语 • 7. 评论性状语
表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 方式,伴随---
If you use your head
1).Using your head, you’ll find a good wa条y.件状语 Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. If you work hard
5. “ Can’t you read?” the man said,
angrily pointed to the notice on the
wall.
pointing
6. Knocking at the door before
entering, please.Knock
7. European football is played in 80
They talked and laughed as if having been friends for many years.
while crossing the road, you should be careful.
二、动词--ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子 的主语要一致，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系；而 过去分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。 如：
world-famous one. The pictureh_a_n_g_i_n_g_ on the wall is a world-famous one. 2. Because he hadn’t received an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. _N_o_t_h_a_v_i_n_g_re_c_e_i_v_e_dan answer, he decided to write another letter to him.
现在分词作状语作和谓语动词
的动作同时发生用：doing
Hearing the sad news, she burst into tears. 2. 完成式：当分词的动作先于谓语动词的
动作发生用分词的完成式：having done
Having finished the class, she went home.
3.The bad weather keeps the flight coming late.
4.They are exciting .
5.The man running over there is our chairman
6. Coming late, the girl missed the train. 7.Hearing the news, he couldn’t help laughing. 8.Not knowing his telephone number, I couldn’t
a nice present for his mother.
countries, made it the most popular
sport in the world. making
作状语的V-ing 形式和句子之间通常有一个逗号隔 开，不能用并列连词。
Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college.
want to see it for myself.
7.评论性状语
有些V-ing 短语在句中可以没有逻辑 上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句， 表明说话者的态度，观点等。我们称 这种状语为评论性状语或悬垂分词。
常见的分词短语有：
generally(frankly,honestly…) speaking, supposing／providing/ (假设), considering(考虑到)judging from(从…判 断), talking of（谈到), speaking of（谈到） 等。
Because he was poor
2). Being poor, he couldn’t
afford a (T原V因s)et.
As we don’t know her
Not knowing heradaddredsrsess, we can’t get in touch with her.
3). Walking in the tailor’s shop.
an extra pay. working
3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find
the city more beautiful.
Seeing
4. Generally speak, facial expressions
are helpful communications, too.speaking
Studying hard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. √ Study hard（,） and you will pass the entrance examination to college. √
用动词的-ing形式改写下列句子。 1. The picture that hangs on the wall is a
street时, I间saw
a
When I was walking in the stree
4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 结果
and this left the family even worse off
5) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious伴w随ay状. 语
= Hearing a strange sound, he went out of ….
• be - being
• As the girl was seriously ill, she was taken to hospital immediately.
• Being seriously ill, the girl was taken to ….
Walking down the street, I ran into Sue.
Seen from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.
After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a look.