中国文化英语教程Unit1andUnit2孔子和老子的比较精品PPT课件
合集下载
《孔子与老子》PPT课件
阅读与思考
儒家学派的特征
张岱年、方克立主编《中国文化概 论》书影
阅读与思考
由孔子开创的儒家学派,以“仁”为学说核心,以中庸辩证为思想方法, 重血亲人伦,重现世事功,重实践理性,重道德修养。在天道观上,儒家宣 扬“畏天命,畏圣人之言”,同时又对神灵崇拜作淡化处理,把超自然的信 仰放到了现实人事的从属地位。在历史观方面,它标榜“信而好古”,每每 试图恢复“周公之礼”,将捍卫三代典章文物当做自己的神圣使命,同时亦 不排斥对不符合时代潮流的礼俗政令加以适当的变通修改。在修身治国方面, 它设计出一整套由小及大、由近及远的发展人格和安定邦家的方案,为巩固 政教体制提供了切实可循的途径。守旧而又维新,复古而又开明,这样一种 二重性的立场,使得儒家学说能够在维护礼教伦常的前提下,一手伸向过去, 一手指向未来,在正在消失的贵族分封制宗法社会和方兴的大一统国家之间 架起了桥梁。这就是为什么儒家在当时能成为“显学”,以及虽然于变革动 荡的形势下显得迂阔难行,而到新社会秩序巩固后又被捧上独尊地位的原因。 汉代以后,儒学几经变化,礼教德治的精神始终一贯,从而成为中国传统文 化的正宗。
——《论语·卫灵公》
周公旦
先君周公制《周礼》曰: “则以观德,德以处事,事以度 功,功以食民。 ”
——《左传·文公十八年》 衣服有制,宫室有度,
人徒有数。丧祭器用,皆有等宜。
——《礼记·王制》
颜渊问仁。子曰:“克己复礼为仁。一曰克 己复礼,天下归仁焉。为仁由己,而由人乎哉?” 颜渊曰:“请问其目。”子曰:“非礼勿视,非礼 勿听,非礼勿言,非礼勿动。”颜渊曰:“回虽不 敏,请事斯语矣。”
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 孔子的学说
孔子画像
孔子塑像
《诗经》书影
《周礼》书影
孔子与儒家(英文介绍) ppt课件
• Collective > Individual • Humans are good, but
we stray – Education and self-
discipline
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PPT课件
7
Confucianism as a religion
• Religion = community of people who share beliefs, cultural practices, worship a deity/deities
• “something done with great attention to detail”
– Confucian philosophy of self discipline
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8
Confucianism as a religion
• Confucius was not a god or a prophet
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4
Confucianism as a system of ethics
• Moral conduct is the basis of social harmony • Emphasis on self discipline and education • Obligation to family
simply because it ought to be done, not for personal gain or profit.
Basically… A person does all action for the sake of Yi because they
Basically…
A person does all actions for the sake of Jen because the respect for humanity implies the right
we stray – Education and self-
discipline
PPT课件
6
PPT课件
7
Confucianism as a religion
• Religion = community of people who share beliefs, cultural practices, worship a deity/deities
• “something done with great attention to detail”
– Confucian philosophy of self discipline
PPT课件
8
Confucianism as a religion
• Confucius was not a god or a prophet
PPT课件
4
Confucianism as a system of ethics
• Moral conduct is the basis of social harmony • Emphasis on self discipline and education • Obligation to family
simply because it ought to be done, not for personal gain or profit.
Basically… A person does all action for the sake of Yi because they
Basically…
A person does all actions for the sake of Jen because the respect for humanity implies the right
中国文化英语教程Unit 2 PPT
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Naturalness and Non-action
• Following the way of nature is the way to resolving conflicts between humans and the world.
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Naturalness and Non-action
• Famous versions of its translation include that of James Legge and that of Stephen Mitchell.
13
Introduction
The core of Laozi’s philosophy
• Many of Laozi’s enlightening views are based on his philosophy of naturalness and non-action.
9
Introduction
Laozi
• Laozi (《老子》), also known as Classic of the Way and Virtue (Dao De Jing. • The author is generally believed to be Laozi. • It consists of just over 5,000 Chinese characters. Its 81 chapters are divided into two parts, Dao (the Way) and De (Virtue).
5
Text study
Introduction
Naturalness and Non-action
The Philosophy of Non-contention Returning to Newborn State
孔子与儒家(英文介绍) ppt课件
“China was no longer one country but a dozen, each potentially the enemy of any other”
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3
Is Confucianism a philosophy, a code of ethics, or a religion?
simply because it ought to be done, not for personal gain or profit.
Basically… A person does all action for the sake of Yi because they
are the right thing to do.
PPT课件
16
Filial Piety 孝
• Reverence and extreme respect for parents. • A huge part of Chinese culture that has been adopted into three
main religions: Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism. • Varies from taking care of the parents to burying them
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18
The Four Books 四书
• Analects of Confucius • Doctrine of the Mean • Great Learning • Mencius
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Eros vs Agape 爱(愛 )
• Eros
– Sexual, romantic love
第1课 孔子与老子PPT课件
第 1 课
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้东曲阜”三孔“
第1课 孔子与老子
山东曲阜孔庙、孔府、孔林全景
山东曲阜”三孔“
第1课 孔子与老子
山东曲阜孔庙大成殿
孔子是我国伟大
的思想家、政治理 论家、教育家,儒 家学派创始人。
“马棚失火”和“苛政猛于虎” 两则小故事体现了孔子的什么思 想?
“仁者爱人”
调整统治者与被统 治者之间的关系
“
——
二
生道
三生
,一
三,
《
生一 万生
老 物二
子 。,
》”
有无相生,难易 相成,长短相形,高 下相盈,音声相和, 前后相随。恒也。
——《老子》
不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货, 使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。是 以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹,弱其志, 强其骨。常使民无知无欲。使夫智者不敢 为也,为无为,则无不治。
33
周游列国
叶落归根 叶落归根
教学方法 教学对象 学习方法 学习态度
“有教无类”
“因材施教”
“知之为知之, 不知为不知” “温故而知新”
“学而不思则罔, 思而不学则怠”
孔子思想的影响
家庭伦理饮食文化礼仪风俗企业管理学校教育国家管理
孔子在汉城
孔子在柏林
老子小档案
年代:
国籍: 简历: 地位:
“仁” 遵循“忠恕”之道
某天,鲁哀公请孔子进宫叙谈。哀 公请孔子吃桃子,边上还有一盘黍子。 孔子却恭敬地吃掉了黍子。
哀公笑道:“夫子,侍人送上来的 黍子,是用来擦桃子上的毛的,不是吃 的。”
孔子正色对哀公说:“主公啊,我 不是不知道。但是,黍米是五谷尊者, 是帝王用来祭祀天地及宗庙中最上等的 谷物,其地位是很高的。但桃子地位是 比较低贱的,祭祀时从不用。用尊贵的 东西去擦拭低贱的东西,是君子所不为 的。今天用五谷之长的黍米去擦拭低贱 的桃子,臣以为这是违背周礼的。故我 不敢那样做。”鲁哀公听了,大加赞赏 地说:“夫子所言,真是妙极了。”
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้东曲阜”三孔“
第1课 孔子与老子
山东曲阜孔庙、孔府、孔林全景
山东曲阜”三孔“
第1课 孔子与老子
山东曲阜孔庙大成殿
孔子是我国伟大
的思想家、政治理 论家、教育家,儒 家学派创始人。
“马棚失火”和“苛政猛于虎” 两则小故事体现了孔子的什么思 想?
“仁者爱人”
调整统治者与被统 治者之间的关系
“
——
二
生道
三生
,一
三,
《
生一 万生
老 物二
子 。,
》”
有无相生,难易 相成,长短相形,高 下相盈,音声相和, 前后相随。恒也。
——《老子》
不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货, 使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。是 以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹,弱其志, 强其骨。常使民无知无欲。使夫智者不敢 为也,为无为,则无不治。
33
周游列国
叶落归根 叶落归根
教学方法 教学对象 学习方法 学习态度
“有教无类”
“因材施教”
“知之为知之, 不知为不知” “温故而知新”
“学而不思则罔, 思而不学则怠”
孔子思想的影响
家庭伦理饮食文化礼仪风俗企业管理学校教育国家管理
孔子在汉城
孔子在柏林
老子小档案
年代:
国籍: 简历: 地位:
“仁” 遵循“忠恕”之道
某天,鲁哀公请孔子进宫叙谈。哀 公请孔子吃桃子,边上还有一盘黍子。 孔子却恭敬地吃掉了黍子。
哀公笑道:“夫子,侍人送上来的 黍子,是用来擦桃子上的毛的,不是吃 的。”
孔子正色对哀公说:“主公啊,我 不是不知道。但是,黍米是五谷尊者, 是帝王用来祭祀天地及宗庙中最上等的 谷物,其地位是很高的。但桃子地位是 比较低贱的,祭祀时从不用。用尊贵的 东西去擦拭低贱的东西,是君子所不为 的。今天用五谷之长的黍米去擦拭低贱 的桃子,臣以为这是违背周礼的。故我 不敢那样做。”鲁哀公听了,大加赞赏 地说:“夫子所言,真是妙极了。”
孔子和老子PPT精品课件
第17课 君主集权的强化
满族服饰
请问:皇太极 的主要历史活 动是什么?
皇太极
1、改女真族名为满洲 2、 1636年,改国号为清
史料阅读
1、军机大臣“只供传述缮撰,而不能 稍有赞画于其间。”
(1)上文是什么意思?军机大臣有实权吗? (2)军机处是谁设立的?有什么意义?
雍正时。 军机处的设立取代了议政王大 臣会议,标志着我国封建君主集权的进 一步加强 。
儒家思想的“以德治民”与现代的“以德治国”有何区
别与联系?
联系:二者都强调道德在治国中的作用,具有一致性。 区别: A、德治的内容不同。前者以“三纲五常”为核心的封建 地主阶级的道德为基本内容,形成了上下尊卑的封建等 级制度;后者以社会主义道德和共产主义道德为基本内 容。 B、所代表的阶级利益不同。前者代表的是封建地主阶级 利益,是为维护封建统治服务的;后者代表的是广大人 民群众的利益,是为维护社会主义社会的稳定和发展服 务的。 C、儒学的“德治”随着专制主义中央集权制度的不断完 善,在一定程度上形成了“人治”;而今天的“德治” 是在肯定“法治”重要意义的基础上,把“德治”和 “法治”看作同等重要意义的“德治”。
女
真 人
草原猎狼
1644年,清军入关,迁都北京
清朝满八旗盔甲复员图
一、满洲的兴起和清朝的建立
努尔哈赤
皇太极
思考:努 尔哈赤的 功绩是什
么?
努尔哈赤
1、1616年,后金 2、反明,夺取辽东70多城 3、迁都沈阳,后改称盛京。
乾清宫
清朝初年,是如何加强君主集权统 治的? 1、雍正帝时设立军机处(军机大臣跪
孔子提倡“为政以德”,要求统治者爱惜民力,并主张 逐步改良政治。你如何看待这种思想?
最新Confucius孔子全英文PPT教学教材
3. 礼 rituals(仪 式),ceremony,manners,courteous(礼貌)
4. 智 wisdom,resourcefulness(足智多 谋),intellgence,well –educated
5. 信 royalty,faithful, reliable ,responsible,accountable(有责任 的 ),creditable(诚信)
The basic Confucius doctrines(经 济学说) are embodied(V.表现) in
the following characters:
1. 仁 benevolence(仁慈 ),to be humanity,mercy,and kindness
2. 义 justness,righteousness(正义 ),obligation(义 务),friendly
A symbol of Chinese culture
• Map for confucius Institutes Worldwide
此课件下载可自行编辑修改,仅供参考! 感谢您的支持,我们努力做得更好! 谢谢!
Politics
• As a statesman,Confucius didn’t play an important role in his homeland .Once had he been the acting prime ministre,however,during his whole-life political career,he had to go to other countries back and forth.
• Confucius founded the Confucianism,which deeply influenced not only in the daily lives,but also the ideology(思想体系) of later generations in China.
4. 智 wisdom,resourcefulness(足智多 谋),intellgence,well –educated
5. 信 royalty,faithful, reliable ,responsible,accountable(有责任 的 ),creditable(诚信)
The basic Confucius doctrines(经 济学说) are embodied(V.表现) in
the following characters:
1. 仁 benevolence(仁慈 ),to be humanity,mercy,and kindness
2. 义 justness,righteousness(正义 ),obligation(义 务),friendly
A symbol of Chinese culture
• Map for confucius Institutes Worldwide
此课件下载可自行编辑修改,仅供参考! 感谢您的支持,我们努力做得更好! 谢谢!
Politics
• As a statesman,Confucius didn’t play an important role in his homeland .Once had he been the acting prime ministre,however,during his whole-life political career,he had to go to other countries back and forth.
• Confucius founded the Confucianism,which deeply influenced not only in the daily lives,but also the ideology(思想体系) of later generations in China.
中国文化概论英文版PPT
• First ,qin shihuang’s tyranny and cruetly(秦王
的专横,残暴)
• Scond,carvee(徭役) • Third ,heavy military (兵役繁重) • Fourth ,heavy taxes (赋税沉重) • Fifth,cool torture law (刑法严酷) • Sinificance :This is the first peasant uprising in
And Chinese history, "home world", is
established from the beginning of the Xia Dynasty.
• 夏朝,中国史书记载的第一个世袭王朝。一般认
为夏朝是一个部落联盟形式的国家,而中国马克 思主义史学将夏朝定性为一个奴隶制国家。中国 历史上的“家天下”,就是从夏朝的建立开始的。
• 己所不欲勿施于人。
Meng Zi (孟子)
• People are basically good .
• 人性本善。
• The people rank the highest,the land and
grain comes next,and the ruler counts the least.
• 民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻 。
Lao Zi (老子)
• Difficult things can only be tackled when
they are easy.
• 天下难事,必做于易。
• Big things can only be achieved by
attending to their small beginnings.
的专横,残暴)
• Scond,carvee(徭役) • Third ,heavy military (兵役繁重) • Fourth ,heavy taxes (赋税沉重) • Fifth,cool torture law (刑法严酷) • Sinificance :This is the first peasant uprising in
And Chinese history, "home world", is
established from the beginning of the Xia Dynasty.
• 夏朝,中国史书记载的第一个世袭王朝。一般认
为夏朝是一个部落联盟形式的国家,而中国马克 思主义史学将夏朝定性为一个奴隶制国家。中国 历史上的“家天下”,就是从夏朝的建立开始的。
• 己所不欲勿施于人。
Meng Zi (孟子)
• People are basically good .
• 人性本善。
• The people rank the highest,the land and
grain comes next,and the ruler counts the least.
• 民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻 。
Lao Zi (老子)
• Difficult things can only be tackled when
they are easy.
• 天下难事,必做于易。
• Big things can only be achieved by
attending to their small beginnings.
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Answer one
I prefer Confucius. The reason why are as followed.
Teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese.
Emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships.
Answer two
I considered that Confucius ‘s thoughts was better than Laozi’s . The reason why are as followed.
The Confucius required people to hold Heaven in awe.
Confucius pay great attention to harmonious human relationships.
Confucius stresses on self-reflection .
Answer two
• Different • Laozi’s enlightening views are based
on his philosophy of naturalness and non-action.
Answer two
• All in all, I support Confucius, resulting from its thoughts meets the needs of our time to build up a harmonious society and ag的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
9
谢谢聆听
·学习就是为了达到一定目的而努力去干, 是为一个目标去 战胜各种困难的过程,这个过程会充满压力、痛苦和挫折
Learning Is To Achieve A Certain Goal And Work Hard, Is A Process To Overcome Various Difficulties For A Goal
Confucius and Laozi
Group number
➢梁美玲(组长) ➢陈昱津 ➢林燕煌 ➢袁佳帆 ➢韩欣洁 ➢刘畅柠 ➢谢苗
Question1
• About Confucius and Laozi, who is your faviourite sage ? Why ? Please give details to support your opinion?
His teachings may be found in the Analects of Confucius.
Question2
• About Confucius and Laozi , who is greater than the other? Why ? Please give details to support your opinion?