辽工大专业英语复习资料

综合国力：comprehensive strength 信息工业：information industry 信息管理系统：information management systems 综合的：integrative 生态环境监测：ecological environment monitoring 地理国情监测：geological prospecting 城市乡村规划设计：urban and rural planing and design 工程测量：survey engineering 测绘（行业）：surveying and mapping 地理信息系统：geographic information systems 科技革命：technological revolution 制图学：cartography 全球定位系统：global positioning system 地理坐标：geographic coordinate 关系型数据库：relational database 面向对象数据库：object-oriented database 水准点：bench mark 一般性问题解决工具：generic problem-solving tool 公共参与式GIS：public participation GIS 扁平的椭球：oblate ellipsoid 基准：datum GRS80:Geodetic Reference System

WGS84:World Geodetic System1984地图比例尺：map scale 地图投影：map projection 地理网格：geographic grid 等积投影：Epuivalent projection 正形投影（保角投影）：Conformal projection 等距离投影：Equidistant projection 方位投影：Azimuthal projection

墨卡托投影：Mercator projection 相对位置：relative location 绝对位置：absolute location 本初子午线：prime meridian 地图数字化：map digitizing 三维空间：three-dimensional space 地理坐标系（大地坐标系）：geographic coordinate system 通用横轴墨卡托投影（UTM）:universal transverse Mercator coordinate system 军事网格系统：military grid system 国家平面系统：state plane system 分辨率：resolution

空间基准:space-based datum 二进制：binary bit 栅格格式：raster format 矢量格式：vector format

二维文件：flat file 像素：pixel 数字高程模型（DEM）：digital elevation model 快速检索：rapid retrieval 不规则三角网（TIN）：triangulated irregular network 属性字典：attribute dictionary 拓扑数据结构：topological data structure 弧段文件：arc file 分配网格编码：assigning cell code

显隐方法:Presence/Absence Method 中心点法：cell center method 面积占优：Dominant Area Method 行程编码：Run-length encoding 四叉树：Quad tree 拓扑表：topology table 数字线划图（DLG）：digital line graph 空间分析：spatial analysis 叠加：overlay 裁剪操作：clip operations 建立缓冲区：establish the buffer 临近分析：proximity analysis 公域网内数据：public-domain data 叠加和对比分析：overlay and comparative analysis

1. Our world has moved into the information age. In the 21st century information and information science are e ssential for economical and social development of every nation in the world, and they are also an important sym bol used to judge the comprehensive strength and the development levelof science and technology of every nati on. After more than 40years development,now GIS becom-es an absolutly necessary part of information industr y and few other information management systems have the integrative and analytical power of a GIS.

我们的世界已经进入到信息时代。在21世纪，信息和信息科学对于世界上每个国家的经济和社会的发展是至关重要的，并且它们是用来判断每个国家的综合国力和科学技术发展水平一个重要的标志。在历经40多年的发展后，现在GIS成为信息工业一个必需的部分并且很少有其他的信息管理系统具有GIS 的综合和分析能力。

2. At present GIS has attracted more and more attentions from all countries and circles, and is widely used by v arious departments and fields of national economy, such as resources and environment management, ecological environment monitoring, geological prospecting, urban and rural planning and design, survey engineering, etc . Along with the gradually deepening of people’s understanding about spatial information, the popularization of d igital products and the develop ment of computer net work technology, the range and quality of GIS application will be further popularized and broadened.

目前，gis已经吸引了来自各国和各行各业的越来越多的注意力，并广泛应用在国家经济各部门和领域。像资源与环境管理，生态环境监测，地理国情监察，城乡规划与设计，工程测量等。随着人们对空间信息的理解逐步加深，数字产品的普及，以及电脑网络技术的发展，gis应用的品质与领域将进一步推广与扩展。

3. Now qualified GIS specialists and technicians are urgently needed. At the same time it should be pointed out that GIS is not only for the specialists, but for everyone. Whatever your field of interest, it is quite possible that you may encounter and use a GIS in some way in the future. Students from many different disciplines and profe