高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题(114)

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品训练题（114）及答案阅读理解----------BAlzheimer's disease affects millions of people around the world. American researchers say the disease will affect more than one hundred million people worldwide by the year twenty fifty. That would be four times the current number. Researchersand doctors have been studying Alzheimer's patients for a century. Yet the cause and cure for the mental sickness are still unknown. However, some researchers have madeimportant steps towards understanding it.Several early signs of the disease involve memory and thought processes. At first, patients have trouble remembering little things. Later, they have trouble remembering more important things, such as the names of their children.There are also some physical tests that might show who is at risk of developingAlzheimer's disease. The tests look for proteins in brain and spinal cord fluid. The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease. The protein testscorrectly identify the presence of the disease in about ninety percent of patients.Now, a much simpler physical test to predict Alzheimer's risk has been developed. Researchers found that trouble with the sense of smell can be one of the first signsof Alzheimer's. Using this information, they developed a test in which people wereasked to identify twelve familiar smells. These smells included cinnamon, black pepper, chocolate, paint thinner, and smoke.The study continued for five years. During this period, the same people were asked to take several tests measuring their memory and thought abilities. Fifty percentof those who could not identify at least four of the smells in the first test hadtrouble with their memory and thinking in the next five years.Another study has shown a possible way to reduce a person's chances of developing Alzheimer's disease in old age. Researchers in Chicago found that people who use their brains more often are less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. Those who read anewspaper, or play chess or word games are about three times less likely to developthe condition.Researchers say they still do not know what causes Alzheimer's disease. But theysay these findings might help prevent the disease in the future.6. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Some early signs of the Alzheimer's disease.B. Some physical tests about Alzheimer's disease.C. The research about Alzheimer's disease.D. The patients of Alzheimer's disease.7. What’s the current number of Alzheimer’s patients?A. 100 millionB. 25 millionC. 400 millionD. 2050 million8. What is NOT t he early signs of the Alzheimer's disease according to the passage?A. Poor memoryB. Proteins exist in the brain.C. Trouble with the sense of smell.D. Less use of the brain.9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Alzheimer's disease.B. Alzheimer's patients.C. The cause and cure.D. The research.10. According to the passage, we can learn that _______.A. there are no proteins in the brains of the people with no Alzheimer's diseaseB. the people who often use their brains will not get Alzheimer's diseaseC. researchers and doctors have found ways to cure Alzheimer's diseaseD. the people who have the trouble with the sense of smell will certainly sufferfrom Alzheimer's disease[全解全析]本文主要讲述对老人痴呆症的研究。

C 主旨大意题。

根据全文所讨论的内容得知，选项A, B, D选项在文章中有讨论过, 但不全面。

B 细节理解题。

由第一段第二,第三行可知:到2050年老人痴呆症病人的人数会达到100 million, 也就是现在的4倍,现在的人数就是25 million。

D 细节理解题。

A, B, C都是老人痴呆症的早期特征, D项指少用脑只会更容易得老人痴呆症, 而不是它的早期特征。

A 词义猜测题。

根据上文和此句的意义可知答案。

A 推理判断题。

由第三段The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease 可推断出答案。

CWhen I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me. I’ve lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shoot-ups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who ended up in prison. I could haveended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldn’t let that happen.Mr. Clark worked long hours, making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact,the scores of our whole class rose. One day, he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Beforethe show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with ourmouths full. We did not want to let him down.Mr. Clark was selected as Disney’s 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he woulddraw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to Los Angeles toget the award. But when the time came to draw names, Mr. Clark said, “You’re all going.”　On graduation day, there were a lot of tears. We didn’t want his class to end.In 2001, he moved to Atlanta, but he always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55.In 2003, Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver schoolsupplies and visit the orphanages (孤儿院). It was the most amazing experience ofmy life. It’s now my dream to one day start a group of women’s clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.11. Without Mr. Clark, the writer .A. might have been put into prisonB. might not have won the prizeC. might have joined a women’s clubD. might not have moved to Atlanta12. The Essential 55 is .A. a showB. a speechC. a classroom ruleD. a book13. How many students’ names were finally drawn out of a hat by Mr. Clark?A. NoneB. ThreeC. Fifty-fiveD. All14. What can we learn in the passage?A. It was in Harlem that we saw The Phantom of the Opera for the first time.B. Mr. Clark taught us not to talk with our mouths full, and we did.C. Mr. Clark was selected as Disney’s 2000 Teacher of the Year in Los Angeles.D. In 2003, Mr. Clark moved to Atlanta, and he always kept in touch with us.15. In the passage, the writer intends to tell us that .A. Mr. Clark went to South Africa because he liked travelingB. Mr. Clark helped to set up a group of women’s clubsC. a good teacher can help r aise his or her students’ scoresD. a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students【参考答案】11—15、11-20 ADABDDCan people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at PennsylvaniaState University report in the latest issue of Science.Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish（斑马鱼） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin(黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skincolor.It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also havea mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmentedskin.However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutationis different in human and zebrafish genes.Humans a cquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need moresunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, accordingto Cheng.Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, saidCheng.The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemicaltreatment did on Michael Jackson.16. The passage mainly tells us that ________.A. people can not change their skin color without any painB. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safelyC. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he likedD. scientists have found out that people’s skin color is determined by the gene17. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot fromthe damage caused by the chemical treatmentB. Europeans and Africans have the same geneC. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancerD. there are two kinds of genes18. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to________.A. find the different genes of humans’B. prove the humans’ skin color is determined by the pigment geneC. find out the reason why the Africans’ skin color is darkD. find out the ways of changing people’s skin c olor19. The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _____A. they are born light-skinned peopleB. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin productionC. they have fewer activities outsideD. they pay much attention to protecting their skin20. The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is ________.A. neutral（中立的）B. negativeC. positiveD. indifferent（冷漠）【参考答案】16—20、DABBC阅读理解-----------CSlang is a popular, less official and often very current form of language. It isan important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes. Slang is often playful, direct and sometimes less respectful than the more officialand traditional version of language. So now I'm going to lay it on you! To “lay it on” is American slang for “to tell” or “to explain.”Slang can take many forms. For example, slang can be local to one city or area.In Washington, D.C. there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and businessin the city. For example, the term POTUS stands for President of the United States.POTUS c an often be found with his wife, FLOTUS, the first lady of the United States. “Inside the Beltway” is a popular expression that describes the area of Washington, D.C. The beltway is the large highway that circles the city.The Internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer-related slang. An“angry fruit salad”　is an expression that describes a Web s ite with too many bright colors. “Netiquette” is slang for correct behavior when using the Internet.Young people often develop the latest slang. For example, to say Special English“rocks” or is “phat” means Special English is really great. A “kegger” is aparty where beer is served. If something is “wack” it is wild and crazy.Different professions often have their own slang as well. For example, medicalworkers might ref er to a complaining patient as a “gomer”． A "tough stick" is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken.No matter how well you speak English, there are always new and interesting slangwords to discover. There are entire dictionaries for describing slang. Many expertsdo not even agree on what is and what is not slang. Often slang words later becomea part of officially accepted language. Official or not, slang is an energetic andexciting part of the American language that continues to change.11. Which of the following is NOT t rue for slang compared with the official language?A. PlayfulB. DirectC. Less respectfulD. More official12. It can be inferred from the passage that______.A. if you speak English very well, there is no problem for you to understand EnglishspeakersB. slang words are created by people in their daily lifeC. English speakers are clear whether it is a slangD. slang words will never be accepted as official language13. Which of the following is not mentioned to have helped create slang?A. The internet.B. Young people.C. President of the United States.D. Professions14. Where do you think is the passage adapted from?A. A radio speechB. A magazine.C. A textbook.D. A newspaper.15. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A. What is slang?B. Slang is popularC. Who creates slang?D. Slang is a language.[全解全析]本文主要介绍了美国俚语的一些情况。