构词法练习及其答案(可编辑修改word版)

高考能力测试构词法 Word Formation
一．合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1. 直接写在一起。

2. 用连字符(-)连接。

3. 由两个分开的词构成。

合成动词
二、派生 Derivation (5)合 成 代 词 whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, （ 6） 合 成 介 词 inside
三、转化Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类
转化为另一种词类或几种词类。

1.名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话—打电话, mirror 镜
子—像镜子一样反映, drink 喝—饮料, record 录音—记录, name, date, hand, study,
2.形容词转化为动词perfect 完美的——使完善
3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的
4.形容词转化为名词chief 主要的——首领
训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。

特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。

检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。

如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。

1.That man was enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness
2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death
3.The child looked at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad
4.H e is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a . A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemis D. physician
5.T he three- chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs D.leged
6.Stephenson became the railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership
7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked about at his classmates.
A.proud
B.proudly
C.pride
D. pridely
8.To everyone’s , the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction
9.—What are you doing here? —Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about in English.
—You can write _passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；a 600-words
C.600 words；a 600-word
D.600 words；a 600-words
10.No one should enter the spot without the of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence
11You must come with us to the police .Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache
12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it .A.intend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional
13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced
14.The ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement
15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the news about Iraq War? tely test ter tter
16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in . A.longer B.length C.long D.longing
17.To my ，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness
18.Canada is mainly an country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken
19.How he is! He is always acting .He is really a .
A.foolish；foolishly；fool
B.fool；foolish；fool
C.foolish；fool；fool
D.foolishly；foolish；fool
20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great . A.valuable B.value C.valueless D.unvaluable
21.There were fish in the river in South America. A.in danger B.danger C.dangerous D.dangerless
22.The letter “b” in the word“doubt” is. A.sound B.silent C.silence D.sounded
23.The child looked at me . A.stranger B.strangely C.strange D.strangeless
24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their bravely. A.free B.freely C.freedom D.frees
25.What you said sounded but in fact it was untrue. A.reasonable B.reasonful C.reasonless D.unreason
26.We have to learn technology from other countries. A.advance B.advancing C.advantage D.advanced
27.The children live in a village .They come here almost every day. A.nearby B.near C.nearly D.near by
28.Mr Black is an in the army，not an in the government.You can not easily find him in his .
A .official；officer；office B.officer；office；official C.official；official；official D.officer；official；office
29.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep .A.health B.healthy C.healthily D.healthier 30.
speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose. A.Honestly B.Honest C.Honesty D.Dishonest
31.It sounds like a good plan，but there are some difficulties in carrying it out.
A.practiced
B.practical
C.practice
D.practicing
32.His father possesses a factory，which does most of the pollution to this river.
A.paper-make
B.paper-making
C.papers-made
D.paper-made
33.Marx left his homeland for some reasons. A.politically B.politics C.political D.politician
34.It’s to persuade him to give up smoking.He’s very stubborn.A.possible B.possibly C.impossible D.impossibility
35.Dan caught two birds in the wood last week and they are still in the cage.
A.alive；live
B.live；live
C.live；alive
D.alive；alive
36.The doctor said that the old man’s condition was and that they had tried their best. A.hope B.hoped C.hopeful D.hopeless
37.Ann felt so that she could hardly open her eyes. A.sleepy B.asleep C.sleep D.sleeping
38.We stood there at the sight.A.frightened；frightful B.frightening frightful C.fright；frightening D.frightful；fright
39.The doctor’s advice him from drinking and smoking. A.encouraged B.couraged C.encouragement D.discouraged 40I’d like to buy a house,modern,comfortable and above all in a quiet_.A.neighbour B.neighbourhood C.neighbours Dneighbour’s Ⅱ.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正)
1.The Milu deer are living in the wild in a natural park.
2.This blouse is fit for him at all.It’s too long and the color has run.
3.The possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.
4.We must strength government of the people，by the people and for the people.
5.The sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea.
6.H e is a very famous actress.He has played many important parts in different films.
7.P ersonal，I’d rather stay at home watching TV. 8.Because of her ill，she can’t go out for the sight-seeing.
9.Thank you for your describe of the conditions here. 10.It’s really dust in this room.It’s a long time since someone last li ved in it.
11.We all don’t know how dark happens. 12.He opened the envelope，folded the letter and began to read it.
13.She offered us lots of value information，which played an important part in catching the thief.
14.We wish you a pleasure journey back home.
15.The captain made an apologize to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.
16.I wish that you could interview these journals who come. 17.Coral is not a plant but a various of animal life.
18.In my opinion，Harry is the most suitful person for the job. 19.The food was good but the serve was poor.
20.This meeting is of great important to all of us. 21.There comes a large collection of soldiers in the distant.
22.When he got to the destination，he was quite out of breathe. 23.Traditionally speaking，Russia is a Europe country. 24.“Actual”means“in fact”，and we can also use“as a matter of fact”.25.It is possible to persuade Adam to give up that decide.
26.The doctor said that the patience was comfortable after the operation.
27.Some people say that this new discover might change the whole society completely.
28.The Chinese government treasure the friendly between the people of two countries and we are waiting for a peaceful settlement
of this matter. 29.She was afraid of high and dared not jump out of the plane.
30.Her mother died of hungry after the flood. 31.I bet you are mistake this time.
32.The man said that he was merely a pass-by and that he didn’t watch the accident. 33.—Do you follow me? —Yes，perfect.
34.Personal possess of guns causes lots of troubles in the USA. 35.The greatest wealthy is being content with a little.
36.I believe our dream that humans will travel to and from the moon will come truth one day.
37.Fail is the mother of success. 38.Every year millions of visiters come to visit the dams.
39.The Chinese people are building socialist and have achieved great progress.
40.People all went up to offer their congratulate on their winning the key match.
前后缀“冰ft一角”练习
一．形容词后缀1-ous 结尾advantage ambition anxiety continue courage danger disaster fame glory humor mountain mystery number poison prosper religion suspicion vary
nerve
vigor
2.以-al 结尾Chemistry class economy editor education exception finance function logic memory nation origin parent person physics politics region substance technique technology
3.以-able 结尾ability accept access adapt avail avoid capability change comfort compare convert desire duration
favor flexibility honor move notice permit reason
sense vision
4.以-ful 结尾beauty care cheer doubt faith fruit glass
hand harm help mouth peace power skill spoon success thought wonder
二名词后缀 1. 以-ment 结尾achieve advance advertise agree disagree
argue assign attach appoint develop embarrass encourage engage enjoy equip establish govern install manage
move pave pay punish ship state
2.以-al 结尾approve disapprove arrive propose refuse remove
survive try withdraw
3.以-ance/-ence/-ency/cy 结尾abundant accurate agent allow apply
attend bankrupt competent compliant confident consist convenient inconvenient correspondent current dependent independent innocent diplomat distant efficient elegant evident exist
fluent frequent infer infant influential intelligent interfere
offend patient perform prefer refer resident significant
silent tend urgent vacant violent
4.以-ion 结尾act add admit attract associate collect combine complete commit communicate compose conclude consider consume create decide declare define describe destroy determine devote direct distinct discuss dominate educate elect evolve except exhaust exhibit exploit
found identify illustrate imitate impress include intend introduce investigate invite liberate locate oblige occupy operate organize participate permit predict produce provide
pollute possess recognize recommend regulate relate satisfy
select solve submit suggest utilize verify
三动词前后缀、1.以-en 开头或结尾large able courage rich hard
weak broad soft moist length strength threat sharp
sure
2.以-ify 结尾magnified simple pure intense beauty clear
electrical note unite dignity
3.以-ize/ise/yze/yse 结尾real industrial mechanic central popular evaporation standard neutral
高考能力测试
构词法
Ⅰ.单项填空
答案
1~5 BDACB 11~15 ACDCB 21~25 CBBCA 31~35 BBCCC
6~10 CBDCB 16~20 BAAAB 26~30 DADBA 36~40 DAADB
【解析】
6.leading 主要的，领头的。

9.这类合成词用作前置定语时必须用连字符连接，而且不能有复数。

10.permit 的名词是permission。

11. headquarters 总部。

12. intentionally 是intend 的副词形式，“故意地”。

13.practiced 在这里作“熟练的”解。

14.judge 在这里作“法官”解。

20.be of great value“很有价值”。

22.silent“不出声的”“沉默的”。

24.freedom“自由”，名词。

30.honestly speaking，“老实说”。

36.hopeless，“没有希望的,绝望的,不可救药”。

38.frightened 意为“感到害怕的”，frightful“可怕的”，frightening“令人害怕的”。

40.neighbour 表“邻居”，neighbourhood 表“周围环境”。

Ⅱ.改错练习
1.natural→nature
2.fit→unfit
3.possibly→possibility
4.strength→strengthen
5.deep→depth
6.actress→actor
7.Personal→Personally
8.ill→illness
9.describe→description10.dust→dusty
11.dark→darkness12.fold→unfolded13.value→valuable14.pleasure→pleasant15.apoligize→apology
16.journals→journalists17.various→variety18.suitful→suitable19.serve→service20.im portant→importance 21.distant→distance22.breathe→breath23.Europe→European24.Actual→Actually25.decide→decision 26.patience→patient27.discover→discovery28.friendly→friendship29.high→height30.hungry→hunger 31.mistake→mistaken32.pass-by→passer-by 33.perfect→perfectly34.possess→possession
35.wealthy→wealth36.truth→true37.Fail→Failure38.visiters→visitors
39.socialist→socialism40.congratulate→congratulations。