英语笔译实务(二级)
英语二级《笔译实务》样题
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译实务》试卷Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage1There they come,trudging along,straight upright on stubby legs,shoulders swinging back and forth with each step,coming into focus on the screen just as I’m eating my first bite of popcorn.Then Morgan Freeman’s voice informs us that these beings are on a long and difficult journey in one of the most inhospitable places on earth,and that they are driven by their“quest for love.”I’ve long known the story of the emperor penguin,but to see the sheer beauty and wonder of it all come into focus in the March of the Penguins,the sleeper summer hit,still took my breath away.As the movie continues, everything about these animals seems on the surface utterly different from human existence;and yet at the same time the closer one looks the more everything also seems familiar.Stepping back and considering within the context of the vast diversity of millions of other organisms that have evolved on the tree of life—grass,trees, tapeworms,hornets,jelly-fish,tuna and elephants—these animals marching across the screen are practically kissing cousins to us.Love is a feeling or emotion—like hate,jealousy,hunger,thirst—necessary where rationality alone would not suffice to carry the day.Could rationality alone induce a penguin to trek70miles over the ice in order to mate and then balance an egg on his toes while fasting for four months in total darkness and enduring temperatures of minus-80degrees Fahrenheit?Even humans require an overpowering love to do the remarkable things that parents do for their children.The penguins’drive to persist in behavior bordering 笔译实务（英语·二级）试卷第1页（共4页）on the bizarre also suggests that they love to an inordinate degree.I suspect that the new breed of nature film will become increasingly mainstream because,as we learn more about ourselves from other animals and find out that we are more like them than was previously supposed,we are now allowed to“relate”to them,and therefore to empathize.If we gain more exposure to the real—and if the producers and studios invest half as much care and expense into portraying animals as they do into showing ourselves—I suspect the results will be as profitable,in economic as well as emotional and intellectual terms—as the March of the Penguins.Passage2After years of painstaking research and sophisticated surveys,Jaco Boshoff may be on the verge of a nearly unheard-of discovery:the wreck of a Dutch slave ship that broke apart239years ago on this forbidding,windswept coast after a violent revolt by the slaves.Boshoff,39,a marine archaeologist with the government-run Iziko Museums, will not find out until he starts digging on this deserted beach on Africa’s southernmost point,probably later this year.After three years of surveys with sensitive magnetometers,he knows,at least, where to look:at a cluster of magnetic abnormalities,three beneath the beach and one beneath the surf,near the mouth of the Heuningries River,where the450-ton slave ship,the Meermin,ran aground in1766.If he is right,it will be a find for the history books—especially if he recovers shackles,spears and iron guns that shed light on how147Malagasy slaves seized their captors’vessel,only to be recaptured.Although European countries shipped millions of slaves from Africa over four centuries,archaeologists estimate that fewer than10slave shipwrecks have been found worldwide.If he is wrong,Boshoff said in an interview,“I will have a lot of explaining to do.”笔译实务（英语·二级）试卷第2页（共4页）He will,however,have an excuse.Historical records indicate that at least30 ships have run aground in the treacherous waters off Struis Bay,the earliest of them in1673.Although Boshoff says he believes beyond doubt that the remains of a ship are buried on this beach—the jagged timbers of a wreck are sometimes uncovered during September’s spring tide—there is always the prospect that his surveys have found the wrong one.“Finding shipwrecks is just so difficult in the first place,”said Madeleine Burnside,the author of Spirits of the Passage,a book on the slave trade,and executive director of the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society in Key West, Florida.“Usually—not always—they are located by accident.”Other slave-ship finds have produced compelling evidence of both the brutality and the lucrative nature of the slave trade.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following two passages into English.Passage1改革开放27年来，中国发生了巨大变化。
翻译二级笔译实务-16
翻译二级笔译实务-16(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Section 1 English-Chinese Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.Don't have time to read anymore? Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It's a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes' worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month. Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized how many of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn't have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. "They were interested, and realized that, though they didn't have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit". Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email" Chapter-A-Day" book club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. "Reading makes changes in people' s lives. " Beecher says.Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of reading. "It's a different way to get people hooked on books," she says.（分数：25.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(难道再也没有时间阅读书籍吗?现在你可以利用电子邮件从书籍里面解放出来。
2023年catti二级笔译实务试题英语
2023年catti二级笔译实务试题英语Title: 2023 CATTI Level II Written Translation Practice ExamIntroductionThe CATTI (China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters) is a prestigious translation and interpretation certification exam in China. It is highly respected in the translation industry and is recognized by employers and government agencies. The Level II Written Translation Practice Exam is a crucial step for aspiring translators to demonstrate their proficiency in translation.InstructionsIn this practice exam, you will be given a set of three translation tasks. Each task will consist of a Chinese text that you need to translate into English. You will have 90 minutes to complete the entire exam. Please read the instructions carefully before starting each task.Task 1Translate the following Chinese text into English:任务一：中美关系面临复杂局面，需要双方共同努力解决分歧。
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级笔译实务章节题库-汉译英【圣才出品】
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级笔译实务章节题库-汉译英【圣才出品】第2章汉译英◆外交关系类Practice12007年2月6日，国家主席胡锦涛在比勒陀利亚(Pretoria)同南非总统姆贝基(Thabo Mbeki)举行会谈。
双方回顾了建交近10年来中南关系特别是两国务实合作的成功经验和丰硕成果，就中南关系的未来发展达成广泛共识。
双方都表示，继续从战略和全局高度看待和发展中南关系，进一步拓展两国各领域合作，加强在非洲和国际事务中的协调和配合，积极推进建立在平等互利、共同发展基础上的中南战略伙伴关系，造福两国人民，推动中南世代友好。
胡锦涛指出，中南两国人民有着深厚的传统友谊。
在南非人民反对种族隔离制度的长期斗争中，中国人民始终坚定地同南非人民站在一起。
建交近10年来，中南关系呈现高速度、多领域、全方位的发展态势。
经贸、科技、教育、文化、旅游、司法等领域的交流合作成果丰富，人民往来密切。
双方在国际事务中保持着密切沟通和配合。
中方对两国关系发展的良好势头感到高兴。
中方赞赏南方奉行一个中国政策、支持中国统一大业。
参考译文On February6,2007,Chinese President Hu Jintao held talks with his South African counterpart Thabo Mbeki in Pretoria.Both sides reviewed the successful experience and fruitful achievements of bilateral ties,especially those of the pragmatic cooperation,since the establishment of diplomatic ties nearly10years ago,and reached broad consensus on future development of bilateral relations. Both sides agreed to view and develop bilateral ties from a strategic and overallperspective,push forward their cooperation in all areas,strengthen coordinationand cooperation in African and international affairs,and actively push forward China-South Africa strategic partnership based on equality,mutual benefit and common development,so as to promote their friendship for generations.Hu pointed out that the two countries share a profound traditional friendship. Hu said that China firmly stood alongside the South African people during their long-term struggle against apartheid and that the Chinese-South African ties have enjoyed fast,multi-facet and all-round growth since the two countries established diplomatic ties10years ago.The two countries have had fruitful bilateral cooperation in economy and trade,science and technology,education,culture, tourism and justice with close people-to-people exchanges,he noted.Both sides have also maintained close communication and coordination in international affairs, he said.China is pleased with the sound momentum of the development of bilateral ties and appreciates South Africa’s adherence to the one-China policy and its support for China’reunification cause,said Hu.Practice21月18日，商务部副部长于广洲和白俄罗斯(Belarus)国家监察委员会主席洛马奇共同主持了中白经贸合作委员会第八次会议。
最新CATTI-英语笔译实务2级---年5月考试真题与参考答案
CATTI 英语笔译实务(2级) 2015 年5月考试真题与参考答案Part 1：English-Chinese Translation Passage 1Along a rugged, wide North Sea beach here on a recent day, children form ed teams of eight to 10,taking their places beside mounds of sand carefully cordoned by tape. They had one hour for their sand castle competition. Some built fish like structures,complete with scales. Others spent their time on elaborate ditch and dike labyrinths. Each castle was adorned on top wit h a white flag. Then they watched the sea invade and devour their work, seeing whose castle could with stand the tide longest. The last standing flag won. It was no ordinary day at the beach, but a newly minted, state-sanctioned competition for schoolchildren to raise awareness of the dangers of rising s ea levels in a country of precarious geography that has provided lessons for the world about water management, but that fears that its next generation will grow complacent. Fifty-five percent of the Netherlands is either below sea level or heavily flood-prone. Yet thanks to its renowned expertise and large water management budget (about1.25 percent of gross domestic product), the Netherlands has averted catastrophe since a flooding disaster in 1953. Experts here say that they now worry that the famed Dutch water management system actually works too well and that citizens will begin to take for granted the nation’ s success in staying dry. As global climate change threatens to raise sea levels by as much as four feet by the end of the century, the authorities here are working to make real to children the forecasts that may seem far-off, but that will shape their lives in adulthood and old age. “ Everything works so smoothly that people don ’ t realize anymore that they are taking a ris k in developing urban areas in low-lying areas, ” said Raimond Hafkenscheid, the lead organizer of the competition and a water expert with the Foreign Ministry. Before the competition,the children, ages 6 to 11, were coached by expert s in dike building and water management. V olunteers stood by, many of them freshly graduated civil engineers, giving last-minute advice on how be st to battle the rising water. A recently released report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development on water man agement in the Netherlands pointed to an “ awareness gap ” among Dutch citizens. The finding did much to get the sand castle contest off the ground.答案：近日，北海沿岸崎岖而宽广的海滩上，孩子们八人一组，十人一队，在用隔离带精心围起来的沙堆旁各就各位。
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）Topic 1 （选题一）Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing （ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.Topic 2 （选题二）As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned,implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（ 20 points ）进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。
英语笔译实务(二级)(汇编)
醉翁之意不在酒最近，美国的一些高级经济官员宣称，人民币兑美元的价值被低估了，因此人民币应该升值。
这一说法的根据是：中国的外汇储备已达约3500亿美元，而中国拥有的美国政府债券已经超过1220亿美元。
从这个意义上说，中国已成为美国的最大债权国之一，已经占了上风。
美国政府的这种担心不难理解。
曾几何时，美国把日本当做替罪羊，说是日本人抢走了美国人的饭碗。
然后又指责墨西哥。
现在又指控说中国人做事不公，以廉价的币值和较低的单位成本向美国出口产品。
在此情况下，美国的高价产品滞销，美国工厂的库存积压，其结果是工人失业，甚至工厂关闭。
所以，中国的经济政策应对美国的失业问题负责。
此种论调根本站不住脚。
如果美国的消费者不购买廉价的中国产品，则需购买高价的同类产品。
因此，购买中国产品可省下钱来购买更多的由美国生产的资本密集型或知识密集型产品。
实际情况是，中国向美国出口低价商品可以增加美国人的实际收入。
由此看来，美国政府对中国一而再、再而三地抱怨完全是醉翁之意不在酒。
What Are They Driving At?Recently, some top U. S. economic officials argue that the RMB yuan is undervalued vis-à-vis the U. S. dollar. Therefore, it is time for the yuan to appreciate. The basis for their argument is that China has accumulated about $350 billion in foreign-currency reserves and over $122 billion in U. S. government bonds. China has, it that sense, become one of the biggest creditors to the United States, which has given China an upper hand over the United States. It is not difficult to understand why the United States has such a worry. It was not too long ago that the Japanese were made the scapegoat of the Amerians. They were accused of taking American jobs. The the Mexicans were accused. Now they have found another accusation, saying that the Chineses are not fair – they go about exporting to the U.S. by taking advantage of a cheap yuan which means lower unit costs of Chinese goods.Such being the case, higher priced American goods are not selling well, and inventories build up at U. S. factories, and the result is layoffs or, even worse, plant closings. Therefore, it is agued that China’s economic policies are responsible for the job losses in the U.S.. An argument of this kind can hardly hold water. American consumers either buy Chinese low priced goods or go elsewhere to buy them at higher prices. Since purchases of Chinese goods can save money, it means the Americans can make more purchases of the more capital or knowledge intensive goods manufactured in the United States. The fact of the matter is that the cheap Chinese-made exports into the United States can actually increase the real income of American consumers. It is obvious that the U. S. was making a left-handed complaint for ulterior puposes by harping on the “undervalued” RMB.中国从容应对亚洲金融危机1997年亚洲金融危机爆发，在周边国家货币大幅贬值、地区及世界金融市场动荡不定的情况下，中国从自身实际情况和国际形势的要求出发，实行人民币汇率稳定的政策。
二级笔译题量
二级笔译题量
二级笔译题量因考试类型和难度而异，以下是一些常见的二级笔译考试及其题量：
1. 二级笔译实务考试，共有四篇英译汉和四篇汉译英，总题量为20篇，涉及话题多样，要求考生具备一定的翻译技巧和专业知识。
2. 全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试（CATTI）二级笔译考试，包括两篇英译汉和两篇汉译英，总题量为4篇，要求考生具备较高的翻译水平和丰富的专业知识。
3. 全国外语翻译证书考试（NAETI）二级笔译考试，包含三篇英译汉和三篇汉译英，总题量为6篇，要求考生具备较为全面的翻译技能和语言表达能力。
总体来说，二级笔译题量较大，需要考生具备扎实的语言基础、广泛的背景知识和较高的翻译技巧。
建议考生在备考过程中多进行翻译实践，提高自己的翻译水平。
2019年6月CATTI二级笔译实务参考答案及全面解析
2019年6月CATTI二级笔译实务参考答案及全面解析2019年6月CATTI二级笔译实务参考答案及全面解析（1）第一篇英译汉2009年，《时代周刊》称赞纽约市三所公立学校试行的一项在线数学课程为当年50项最佳创新之一。
该软件每天为学生生成个性化的数学“播放列表”，学生可以选择他们希望以哪种方式研究——软件、虚拟教师或真人在线授课。
不同的算法排序教师的专业和课程表，以满足学生的需求。
一位资深教师惊叹地说：“它生成课程、测试并评分。
”解析：首先，正确理解“Time magazine”应该是“Time周刊”，不是“时代杂志”。
其次，在翻译时要注重语境，确保单词或短语的指代清晰，如“the are”指代前文提到的“在线数学授课程序”；“flesh-and-blood one”指代真人在线授课。
最后，要注意词语的选择，如“different algorithm”可以翻译成“独特算法”，而不是简单的“不同的计算程序”。
在2009年，《时代周刊》发表文章，称赞一种在线数学教育新程序，将其列为当年50大杰出创新成果之一。
该程序已在纽约市的3所公立学校进行试点运行。
该课程软件每日更新授课内容，以满足学生不同的需求，并提供多种播放模式选择，包括软件或虚拟教师授课，以及真人在线教学。
该课程软件采用独特的算法，对教师的专业和排课时间进行分类，以满足每位学生的需求。
一位经验丰富的教师赞叹道，“该软件不仅提供在线课程，还有测试环节，并能对测试内容进行评分。
”原文中没有格式错误或明显有问题的段落）XXX’s future。
The report called for a series ofreforms that XXX school days and years。
morehomework。
higher standards and more testing。
It also called forschools to adopt “computer-based XXX.” This reportset the stage for a new era of school XXX.Andrea Gabor's book。
CATTI二级笔译实务最全
2003年12月英语二级笔译实务试题Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英译汉)Part ANowhere to GoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj” (who didn’t want to reveal his real name). He’s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?” Nagaraj wonders.Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas —but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That’s causing mass consternation in U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker “out of status” when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in February —down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We are aware of the cutbacks,” she says. “We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part BTopic 1 (选题一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects.The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface. In fact, the moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull? Scientists have been working on this for a long time. It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth’s gravitational pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earth’s gravitational pull and go into space.RocketsThe powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that will burn rapidly to form hot gases.At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.When the gunpowder burns, hot gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns. When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to understand jet propulsion.Topic 2 （选题二）Basketball DiplomacyCHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream. But Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the People’s Liberation Army, is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, preside over “Wang Zhizhi Day” in San Francisco and become immortalized on his very own trading cards. He’s even played in five games with his new team, the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs —and he is intent on enjoying every minute. One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson. He leaned back, stretched out and pointed at a plane moving across the star-filled sky. In broken English, he started singing his favorite tune: “I believe I can fly. I believe I can touch the sky.”Back in China, the nation’s other basketball phenom, Yao Ming , can only dream of taking flight. Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The 7-foot-5 Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang: the 20-year-old could be the No.1 overall pick in the June NBA draft. But as the May 13 deadline to enter the draft draws near, Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his fate. Last week, as Wang scored 13 points in the Dallas season finale, Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street.Yao and Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts. The twin towers are national treasures, symbols of China’s growing stature in the world. They’re also emblematic of the NBA’s outsize dreams for conquering China. The NBA, struggling at home, sees salvation in the land of 1.3 billion potential hoop fans. China, determined to win the 2008 Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the world —on its own terms. The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collision —this one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over spy planes and trade liberalization. If it works out, it could be —in basketball parlance —the ultimate give-and-go. “This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,”says Xia Song, a sport-marketingexecutive who represents Wang. “Only with a much bigger ball.”Two years ago it looked more like a ball and chain. Wang’s Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in 1999. Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr. —son of the eccentric billionaire —to hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA. “You could hear them thinking: ‘What is this NBA team doing, trying to lay claim to our property?’” Nelson recalls. “We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.” There was no deal. Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court.This year Yao became the anointed one. He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding, and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league. It looked as if his Shanghai team —a dynamic semicapitalist club in China’s most open city —would get its star to the NBA first.Then came the March madness. Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to its sixth consecutive CBA title —scoring 40 in the final game. A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart? No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials (even inviting national- team coach Wang Fei to spend the 1999-2000 season in Dallas). There was also the small matter of Chinese pride. The national team stumbled to a 10th-place finish at the 2000 Olympics, after placing eighth in 1996. Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas to learn from the world’s best players.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation （汉译英）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）（20 points）中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。
CATTI英语笔译实务(2级)2015年5月考试翻译实务真题及参考答案
第一部分英译汉Part 1 English to Chinese TranslationPassage 1Early Maori adapted the tropically based east Polynesian culture in line with the challenges associated with a larger and more diverse environment, eventually developing their own distinctive culture. The British and Irish immigrants brought aspects of their own culture to New Zealand and also influenced Maori culture. More recently American, Australian, Asian and other European cultures have exerted influence on New Zealand.New Zealand music has been influenced by blues, jazz, country, rock and roll and hip hop, with many of these genres given a unique New Zealand interpretation. Maori developed traditional chants and songs from their ancient South-East Asian origins, and after centuries of isolation created a unique "monotonous" and "doleful" sound.The number of New Zealand films significantly increased during the 1970s. In 1978 the New Zealand Film Commission started assisting local film-makers and many films attained a world audience, some receiving international acknowledgment. New Zealand television primarily broadcasts American and British programming, along with a large number of Australian and local shows. The country's diverse scenery and compact size, plus government incentives, have encouraged some producers to film big budget movies in New Zealand. The Ministry for Culture and Heritage is government‟s leading adviser on cultural matters. The Ministry funds, monitors and supports a range of cultural agencies and delivers a range of high-quality cultural products and services. The Ministry provides advice to government on where to focus its interventions in the cultural sector. It seeks to ensure that Vote funding is invested as effectively and efficiently as possible, and that government priorities are met. The Ministry has a strong track record of delivering high-quality publications, managing significant heritage and commemorations, and acting as guardian of New Zealand‟s culture. The Ministry‟s work prioritizes cultural outcomes and also supports educational, economic and social outcomes, linking with the work of a range of other government agencies.Awakening the …Dutch Gene‟ of Water Survival By CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZEJUNE 29, 2014Along a rugged, wide North Sea beach here on a recent day, children formed teams of eight to 10, taking their places beside mounds of sand carefully cordoned by candy-cane striped tape. They had one hour for their sand castle competition. Some built fishlike structures, complete with scales. Others spent their time on elaborate ditch and dike labyrinths. Each castle was adorned on top with a white flag. Then they watched the sea invade and devour their work, seeing whose castle could withstand the tide longest. The last standing flag won.Theirs was no ordinary day at the beach, but a newly minted, state-sanctioned competition for schoolchildren to raise awareness of the dangers of rising sea levels in a country of precarious geography that has provided lessons for the world about water management, but that fears that its next generation will grow complacent.Fifty-five percent of the Netherlands is either below sea level or heavily flood-prone. Yet thanks to its renowned expertise and large water management budget (about 1.25 percent of gross domestic product), the Netherlands has averted catastrophe since a flooding disaster in 1953.Experts here say that they now worry that the famed Dutch water management system actually works too well and that citizens will begin to take for granted the nation‟s success in staying dry. As global climate change threatens to raise sea levels by as much as four feet by the end of the century, the authorities here are working to make real to children the forecasts that may seem far-off, but that will shape their lives in adulthood and old age.“Everything works so smoothly that people don‟ t realize anymore that they are taking a risk in developing urban areas in low-lying areas,” said Hafkenscheid, the lead organizer of the competition and a water expert with the Foreign Ministry.Before the competition, the children, ages 6 to 11, were coached by experts in dike building and water management. V olunteers stood by, many of them freshly graduated civil engineers, giving last-minute advice on how best to battle the rising water.A recently released report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development on water management in the Netherlands pointed to an “awareness gap” among Dutch citizens.汉译英Part 2 Chinese to English TranslationPassage 1 （选自2013 年政府白皮书《西藏的发展与进步》，原文链接：/show-35-1007-1.html）改革开放30 多年来，西藏通过深化改革和扩大开放积极推动全区商业、对外贸易和旅游产业加快发展，不仅增强了与内地的交流，同时也加强了与世界的联系和合作。
笔译二级实务-试卷32
笔译二级实务-试卷32(总分：16.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 English-Chinese Translation(总题数：4，分数：8.00)1.PART 1 English-Chinese TranslationThis part consists of two sections: SECTIONA 1 “Compulsory Translation” and SECTION 2 “Optional Translation” which comprises “Topic 1” and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in SECTION 1 and your choice from passages in SECTION 2 i nto Chinese. Write “Compulsory Translation” above your translation of SECTION 1 and write “Topic 1” or “Topic 2” above your translation of the passage from SECTION2. The time for this part is 100 minutes.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：3.The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969 and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging intellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so. There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last 20 years: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality. But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. As a mathematician trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television is an admirable medium for exposition in several ways: powerful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed most with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays. The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the underlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely by minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：《人类的进程》一书的提纲初稿是1969年7月完成的，影片的最后一部分是1972年12月拍摄的。
二笔实务考题参考材料译文
二级笔译改革开放30多年来，西藏通过深化改革和扩大开放积极推动全区商业、对外贸易和旅游产业加快发展，不仅增强了与内地的交流，同时也加强了与世界的联系和合作。
Over the past 30-odd years, Tibet has been committed to deepening reform and opening up as a way to expedite the development of commerce, foreign trade and tourism across the region. As a result, we have seen closer communication between Tibet and other parts of the country and more active engagement and cooperation between the region and the outside world.1993年，西藏与全国一道开始建立“框架一致、体制衔接”的社会主义市场经济体制，深化物资、粮食、日用消费品等领域价格流通改革并全面进入市场。
Back in 1993, Tibet joined the rest of the country to introduce the socialist market economy that is consistent in framework and system across the country. Tibet worked to deepen the reform of pricing and circulation along the lines of production essentials, grain and daily necessities and embraced market force across the board.目前，西藏已经深深融入全国统一的市场体系，来自全国和世界各地的商品源源不断地进入西藏，丰富着城乡市场和百姓生活。
5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案
5月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案第一部分英译汉必译题There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today‟s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,”the poorest of the world‟s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spe ndtwo-thirds of their income on food.In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that‟s all they can afford.Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women‟s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women‟s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.参照译文：上周，世界粮食危机出现了一线转机。
翻译二级笔译实务-18
翻译二级笔译实务-18(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Section 1 English-Chinese Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage" owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media—for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.（分数：25.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(过去，市场营销成功的简单指南就是：你付出多少，你就收获多少。
翻译二级笔译实务2010年11月
翻译二级笔译实务2010年11月(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation(总题数：2，分数：60.00)1.Offshore supply vessels resembling large, floating flat-backed trucks fill Victoria Dock, unable to find charters in a sign of the downturn in Britain"s oil industry.With UK North Sea oil and gas production 44 percent below its peak, self-styled oil capital of Europe Aberdeen fears the slowdown is not simply cyclical.The oil industry that at one stage sparked talk of Scotland as "the Kuwait of the West" has already outlived most predictions.Tourism, life sciences, and the export of oil services around the world are among Aberdeen"s targeted substitutes for North sea oil and gas—but for many the biggest prize would be to use its offshore oil expertise to build a renewable energy industry as big as oil.The city aims to use its experience to become a leader in offshore wind, tidal power and carbon dioxide capture and storage.Alex Salmond, head of the devolved Scottish government, told a conference in Aberdeen last month the market for wind power could be worth 130 billion pounds, while Scotland could be the "Saudi Arabia of tidal power.""We"re seeing the emergence of an offshore energy market that is comparable in scale to the market we"ve seen in offshore oil and gas in the last 40 years," he said.Another area of focus, tourism, has previously been hindered by the presence of oil. Eager to put Aberdeen on the international tourist map, local business has strongly backed a plan by U.S. real estate tycoon Donald Trump for a luxury housing and golf project 12km (8 miles) north of the city, even though it means building on a nature reserve.The city also hopes to reorientate its vibrant oil services industry toward emerging offshore oil centers such as Brazil. "Just because the production in the North Sea starts to decline doesn"t mean that Aberdeen as a global center also declines," said Robert Collier, Chamber of Commerce Chief Executive. "That expertise can still stay here and be exported around the world."（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：维多利亚港到处停泊着近海补给船，这些酷似巨型卡车的平底庞然大物漂浮在水上等待出租，却无人问津，从侧面反映了英国石油产业已然陷入衰退。
英语笔译实务二级教材第一单元
英语笔试二级指定教材第一单元英译汉Benjamin Franklin-”the first American”How does one characterize Benjamin Franklin?characterize英/ˈkærəktəraɪz/ vt. 描绘…的特性；具有…的特征vi. 塑造人物我们如何来描述富兰克林呢？Journalist,scientist,educator,politician,writer,administrator,philosopher-he truly seemed to be able to do almost everything.1.journalist英/ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 新闻工作者；报人；记日志者2.politician英/ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn/ n. 政治家，政客3.administrator英/ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)/ n. 管理人；行政官4.philosopher英/fəˈlɒsəfə(r)/ n. 哲学家；哲人记者、科学家、教育家、政治家、作家、管理者、哲学家-他似乎真的无所不能。
His accomplishments and the talents and interests which he displayed during the course of his long life-1706 to 1790-have caused him to called both“the first American”and “the last universal man”.1.accomplishment英/əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt/ n. 成就；完成；技艺，技能2.universal英/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl/ adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全体的n. 一般概念；普通性在他漫长的生命历程中（1706-1790），他取得的成就和展现出的非凡才能和广泛兴趣，使他赢得了“美国第一人”和“最后一个通人”的称号。
英语2级 笔译实务 2
Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (60 points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.All the students of this university have free ________ to the Internet via abroadband connection.A. accessB. entranceC. permissionD. passageway2.It is rumored that Mr. Smith, the grandson of the founder of the university anda professor of philosophy, will be ________ as president in March.A. indulgedB. inauguratedC. inducedD. integrated3.When I visited the area after the hurricane, I became ________ by what I sawand heard there.compressedA.stressed B.impressed D.distressedC.4.When the actor appeared on the stage again, shouts and cheers broke________ from the crowd and continued for about five minutes.A. inB. offC. forthD. up5.The ________ value of a coin, i.e. the value of the metal in it, is usually lessthan the value of what it will buy.A. externalB. interior笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 1 页（共23页）C. intrinsicD. extrinsic6.Hotels and restaurants are an ________ part of the city, without which thetourist industry could not exist.A. additionalB. inseparableC. accommodatedD. integral7.We can find a full ________ of his political belief in his newly-publishedbooks.A. compositionB. expositionC. depositionD. disposition8.I don’t think you can persuade him; he always ________ to his ownprinciples.A. adaptsB. devotesC. adheresD. dedicates9.In the advanced course of our training, students must take objective tests atmonthly ________.A. distanceB. lengthC. gapsD. intervals10.Going around at the top of the mountain, we watched the fog ________ fromthe valley below; it seemed that we had entered a fairyland.A. descendB. decreaseC. ariseD. ascend11.Richard has an ________ manner, although he comes from a middle-classfamily background and has received his education at Cambridge.A. abruptB. absurdC. activeD. agreeable12.The history teacher told us the ring was a piece of ________ treasure becauseit had been handed down from an ancient king.A. invaluableB. valued笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 2 页（共23页）C. previousD. precise13.In the last few years, the ________ of regular folks going under the cosmeticknife skyrocketed.A. amountB. figuresC. groupD. number14.He was too busy to do any exercise at all until he turned 58. And he is in muchbetter ________ now than ever before.A. formB. conditionC. lookD. shape15.All of us in research have focused on a drug that is so ________ that it canchange brain chemistry.A. monstrousB. powerfulC. vigorousD. heavy16.He was only a ________ ruler of the country; the real one was his mother,who actually handled state affairs and possessed the power of making decisions.A. obliviousB. notableC. obscureD. nominal17.________ that she is interested in children, I am sure that teaching is the rightprofession for her.A. HoweverB. ProvidedC. GivenD. Unless18.She had ________ opportunity to exercise leadership, which she has dreamedof since she was young.A. utterB. utmostC. ambitiousD. ample19.They intend to remove the ________ rules and regulations that arediscouraging foreign investment in their country.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 3 页（共23页）A. henpeckedB. garnishedC. unmitigatedD. onerous20.The Central Bank is interested in how much money is in ________ in theeconomy.A. circulationB. circleC. reserveD. rotationPart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them one word or phrase is underlined, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21.Tom felt sure he would get the post, but he was never even considered for it.That was a smack in the eye for him.A. nothing seriousB. nothing importantC. a humiliating rebuffD. an expected disappointment22.Our neighbors are so reserved and unfriendly that they never speak to us.A. aloofB. relievedC. airyD. resistant23.Security men believe the tit-for-tat murders were the result of the bombingwhich had occurred in the city center.A. furiousB. retaliatoryC. malevolentD. chain24.The conclusion reached at the workshop was that the manufacturing processwas obsolete.extantA.dilapidated B.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 4 页（共23页）C.outdatedarchaic D.25.Some people wish to amend the law so that children must stay at school untilthey are 16.A. gratifyB. pacifyC. rectifyD. verify26.Prof. Clark disregarded the warning from his colleagues and continued hisresearch work.A. ignoredB. deploredC. exploredD. implored27.Some observers say the recent coup of a military government in that countrywill lead to anarchy.A. monarchB. maniacC. disorderD. discipline28.As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein was famous for his intensely vigorous andexuberant style.A. enticingB. enthusiasticC. extravertD. exultant29.His peers admonished him that he had to increase his study time as the finalexamination was around the corner.A. astonishedB. warnedC. threatenedD. alarmed30.Isolated cases of disaffection — or harbingers of a mass cross-bordermovement that threatens Europe’s economic stability? The question is pressing.A. singB. forerunner笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 5 页（共23页）C. messengerD. vanguard31.Justices of the Peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and ofcriminal cases involving minor offenses.A. supremacyB. authorityC. guidanceD. administration32.What these young men and women need to do now is to develop amentality to reconcile their ideals with reality.A.interfaceinteract B.C. harmonizeD. pair33.The search for eternal youth is no less fervent now than it was 2,000 years ago.People are trying practically anything.A. prolongedB. externalC. protractedD. excessive34.SD Memory Cards are versatile, high-capacity storage cards that areextremely small —about the size of a postage stamp.A. adaptableB. adoptableC. variableD. veritable35.This book comes as a revelation to one who was nourished in his youth on theenlightened English socialist tradition represented by George Bernard Shaw.A. replacementB. discoveryC. representationD. resolution36.Johnson was so absorbed in his novel that he forgot about his dinner cookingin the oven.A. obtainedB. enlivenedC. obligedD. engrossed笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 6 页（共23页）37.The man we met this morning grows many kinds of plants in his garden, mostof which are flowers including succulent and cacti.A. risesB. raisesC. plantsD. plows38.The scientist contested the assumption of previous scientists that the fate ofhuman beings could not be predicatedA. suspendedB. rejectedC. suspectedD. repulsed39.In the last 10 years we have all witnessed an impressive growth in ourknowledge about the environment.A. imperativeB. observableC. importantD. obvious40.In their culture and in their eyes success all too often means imply outdoingother people by virtue of achievement judged by some single scale —income or honors.A. outfittingB. outbiddingC. outragingD. outshiningPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.41.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see be carrying outnext year.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 7 页（共23页）A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out42.The examiner failed some candidates, and 15 of them being students withoutwork experience.A. 15 beingB. among 15 wereC. 15 of them wereD. 15 of whom were43.Despite of their opposition, he went his own way and started his preparations.A. Despiting ofB. Despited ofC. DespiteD. Despitedwork television, magazine, and direct mail —that will be the big gainersin advertising revenues next year.A. whichB. theseC. theyD. all45.I hear that he knows four languages, such as Chinese, French, German andJapanese.A. for example,B. namely,C. likeD. as46.The more people you know, the less you have time to see them but you canalways reach them on the Internet.A. less you have the timeB. the less time you haveC. the less time do you haveD. less the time you have47.Having heard the weather forecast, the boat was stopped in the harbour.A. the boat did not sail out ofB. they did not sail out of笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 8 页（共23页）C. the boat remained inD. they were stopped in48.Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; now all that left is utter poverty.A. that all is leftB. all that is leftC. all what is leftD. all which is left49.Mary must have received my mail; otherwise she would have replied beforenow.A. Mary shouldB. Mary ought toC. Mary shouldn’tD. Mary couldn’t50.We will ship the goods on Monday according to your order less we hear fromyou by Friday.A. neverthelessB. unlessC. lestD. until51.When this agreement is signed, a circular will be prepared for given to ourcustomers.A. given outB. given offC. dispatchesD. distribution52.It is now clear that no such creatures as vampires have been seen and nonebeen found in the world.A. was foundB. are foundC. have been foundD. have been found out53.My company is Excellent Kitchenware Company, there nearby is a big marketfor kitchenware in our city.A. there nearB. and there nearC. there nearlyD. and nearby there笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 9 页（共23页）54.The government has hardly taken measures to crack down on these crimeswhen new ones occurred.A. Hardly had the government takenB. The government took hardlyC. Hardly the government had takenD. The government is hardly taking55.The general manager demanded that the job will be completed before thesummer holidays.A. would beB. must beC. beD. had to be56.Our company will provide you with free transportation as you requested andcharge the installation.A. installation with a chargeB. in the installationC. freely installationD. installation in charge57.Doctors warned sun-starved tourists who received too much sunlight that theywere at serious risk than others of contracting skin cancer.A. with more seriousB. at seriouslyC. at more seriousD. seriously with58.We have sent an order slip to all that we have reason to believe are interestedin our books.A. who are believed by usB. with who we have reason to believeC. who we have reason to believeD. with whom we believe59.As an English major student at one of the most famous universities in China, Istrongly believe that business English is more practical than other fields.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 10 页（共23页）A. a student in EnglishB. a major English studentC. an English majorD. an English student major60.The engineers are going through with their highway project, in spite that theexpenses have risen.A. just becauseB. even thoughC. as thoughD. now thatSection 2: Reading Comprehension (30 points)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to answer the question or complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Questions 61-70 are based on the following passage.Next door to a lunch counter advertising a grilled cheese special is a gallery where Van Gogh’s “Irises” shares the walls with Monet landscapes and works from the Italian Renaissance.They are all fakes. They are all for sale. “A forger? Yes. We’re expert forgers you could say. But we make no attempt to deceive. We don’t pretend to sell original works. We have all the thrill of being a forger, but no risk.”With prices for original art rising into the tens of millions, some art lovers are turning to high-quality copies done by expert artists. In addition, some museums confronting skyrocketing insurance premiums are considering stashing the authentic pieces and displaying a reproduction.No major U.S. art museum is known to be displaying reproductions in place of originals. Such a practice would raise questions about why people visit museums in the first place. But museum security has become a growing concern.Bids for paintings have climbed at auction houses. But prices for fakes run only from about $1,000 to $10,000 for paintings of paintings, depending on the size and complexity of the original.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 11 页（共23页）In Europe where copying masterpieces is a centuries-old craft, painters often use pigments and brushes typical of the period of the original. The painting is placed in a frame closely resembling its era. Sometimes the gallery purchases 17th century furniture to use the wood for frames. The final step is the antiquing process using chemicals and heat and humidity. “We can make special types of cracks from little spider-web types to long splits.”61.This passage is most probably taken out of a/an ________.A. court confession by a person suspected of making fakesB. commercial advertisement for a new profession in artsC. feature story in a newspaper, magazine, or a web pageD. industrial profile for a museum promoting a new show62.The word “Monet” underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to a ________.A. master artistB. master forgerC. famous dealerD. rich collector63.Both quotes in the passage are probably from a person who is a/an ________.A. master artistB. art piece forgerC. museum directorD. artworks thief64.The third sentence in the last paragraph implies that the gallery ________.A. carries 17th-century furniture as sideline exhibitsB. is part of the process in making fake paintingsC. provides the space only for forgers to produce fakesD. manufactures wooden frames for paintings as a sideline65.Obviously, the phrase “expert artists” underlined in Paragraph 3 refers topeople who are ________.A. experts in evaluating art worksB. painters decorating the museums笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 12 页（共23页）C. makers of faked famous paintingsD. experts who can identify forgeries66.“Such a practice” underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to the display of ________.A. forged works in place of genuine artworkB. original productions in place of their copiesC. both fake productions and original paintingsD. real reproductions and original masterpieces67.According to the passage, the word “stashing” underlined in Paragraph 3 issynonymous with ________.A. slashingB. smashingC. stackingD. storing68.As repeatedly stated in the passage, ________ was certainly the major reasonwhy forgeries are sold.A. insuranceB. securityC. qualityD. price69.The word “copies” underlined in Paragraph 3 does NOT refer to ________.A. fakesB. forgesC. reproductionsD. non-authentic works70.According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?A. The works on display are meant to sell as originals.B. The works meant to sell as originals are on display.C. Here you may purchase a masterpiece for $1,020.D. Here one may buy fast food any time and eat it there.Questions 71-80 are based on the following passage.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 13 页（共23页）No revolutions in technology have as visibly marked the human condition as those in transport. Moving goods and people, they have opened continents, transformed living standards, spread diseases, fashions and folk around the world. Yet technologies to transport ideas and information across long distances have arguably achieved even more: they have spread knowledge, the basis of economic growth.The most basic of all these, the written word, was already ancient by 1000. By then China had, in basic form, the printing press, using carved woodblocks. But the key to its future, movable metal type, was four centuries away. The Chinese were hampered by their thousands of ideograms. Even so, they quite soon invented the primitive movable type, made of clay, and by the 13th century they had the movable wooden type. But the real secret was the use of an easily cast metal.When it came, Europe — aided by simple Western alphabets — leapt forward with it. One reason why Asia’s civilizations, in 1000 far ahead of Europe’s, then fell behind was that they lacked the technology to reproduce and diffuse ideas. On Johannes Gutenberg’s invention in the 1440s were built not just the Reformation and the Enlightenment, but Europe’s agricultural and industrial revolutions too.Yet information technology on its own would not have got far. Literally: better transport technology too was needed. That was not lacking, but here the big change came much later: it was railways and steamships that first allowed the speedy, widespread dissemination of news and ideas over long distances. And both technologies in turn required people and organizations to develop their use. They got them: for individual communication, the postal service; for wider publics, the publishing industry.Throughout the 19th century, the postal service formed the bedrock of national and international communications. Crucial to its growth had been the introduction of the stamp, combined with a low price, and payment by the sender. Britain put all three of these ideas into effect in 1840.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 14 页（共23页）By then, the world’s mail was taking off. It changed the world. Merchants in America’s eastern cities used it to gather information, enraging far-off cotton growers and farmers, who found that New Yorkers knew more about crop prices than they did. In the American debate about slavery, it offered abolitionists a low-cost way to spread their views, just as later technologies have cut the cost and widened the scope of political lobbying. The post helped too to integrate the American nation, tying the newly opened west to the settled east.Everywhere, its development drove and was driven by those of transport. In Britain, travellers rode by mail coach to posting inns. In America, the post subsidized road-building. Indeed, argues Dan Schiller, a professor of communications at the University of California, it was the connection between the post, transport and national integration that ensured that the mail remained a public enterprise even in the United States, its first and only government-run communications medium, and until at least the 1870s, the biggest organization in the land.The change has not only been one of speed and distance, though, but of audience. About 200 years ago, a man’s words could reach no further than his voice, not just in range but in whom they reached. But, for some purposes, efficient communication is mass communication, regular, cheap, quick and reliable. When it became possible, it transformed the world.71.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A.T ransporting goods and people is the most important technology in thehistory of mankind.B.Technology in transporting goods and people has changed humanconditions more than anything else.C.Technology in spreading information has changed human conditions morethan transportation technology.D.T echnology in spreading information can’t change the economicdevelopment of society.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 15 页（共23页）72. According to the passage, Asian civilizations, which were ahead of Europe’s, fell behind because ________.A. Asian languages were more difficult to learnB. European languages had simple alphabetsC. they didn’t have the technology to spread ideasD. people’s communication skills were not good enough73. Johannes Gutenberg’s invention probably refers to ________.A. printing technologyB. transportation technologyC. the Reformation and the EnlightenmentD. industrial revolution74. The word “dissemination” underlined in Paragraph 4 means ________.A. plantationB. distributionC. receptionD. direction75. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the postal service?A. American abortionists were not happy about it.B. The stamp was invented in Britain.C. It helped the independence of America.D. In the 1840s it was the major means of national communications in Britain.76. What can the postal service do?A. Colleting market prices of goods.B. Spreading ideas at a low cost.C. Promoting political lobbying.D. All of the above.77. In the United States, the postal service belongs to ________.A. a private companyB. the governmentC. road-building enterprisesD. national integration笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷 第 16 页 （共23页）78.The words “its development” underlined in Paragraph 7 refer to thedevelopment of ________.A. the American nationB. the mail coachC. road buildingD. the postal service79.The words “the change” underlined in Paragraph 8 refer to ________.A. time changeB. technology changeC. change in spreading ideasD. change of human abilities80.Which of the following statements is NOT true about mass communication?A. It can reach no further than human voice.B. It can reach a large audience.C. It is rapid and efficient.D. It can be trusted.Questions 81-90 are based on the following passage.Is test anxiety destructive? Can we make test anxiety work for us? The answer to both of these questions is yes. Test anxiety often interferes with student performance but this same test anxiety, if channeled correctly, can help improve performance.In order to lessen the destructive elements of test anxiety, the approach should be to develop improved confidence and knowledge. As your knowledge of the course material increases, your confidence in your ability to succeed will increase. As your confidence increases, your anxiety will go down, allowing your knowledge to come through more efficiently. The way you prepare for a test can reduce anxiety during the test.You will be surprised how confident you will feel if you know the material. Studies of memory show if you want to be able to recall information from text or lecture you have to review that material several times. It is important to know your own abilities and operate accordingly. If you know that you learn best by listening, prepare a tape of significant material and listen to the tape.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 17 页（共23页）Study partners or study groups are often useful for self-testing. Experience in stressful situations tends to lessen anxiety in those situations. One way to help yourself retrieve material is through the use of mnemonic codes. Learn a code that lets you remember complex material. Developing an outline for an essay question that you know will be on the test or memorizing a formula are forms of code development.Students are often frustrated by the sheer volume of material that has to be studied in college. Many instructors conduct reviews, give hints, identify what is important to study, use handouts or overhead transparency outlines. These materials should be at the top of your study list. If the instructor took the time to identify them, you should assume that they will play an important part of the test. While knowledge acquired during test preparation can help reduce anxiety, it is another thing to take the test itself. Following are a few suggestions to help reduce anxiety during the test.When I arrive at a test, I often find students flipping text pages at the last minute trying to cram it all in at the end. You would be better off trying to relax, meditating a little, and clearing your mind to allow yourself the ability to concentrate on the questions that are coming.As soon as the instructor gives you the signal to start, dump out formulas, codes, outlines from your memory onto the test answer sheets so that you will not have to worry about whether you will remember the codes long enough until you get to the appropriate test question.You can build your confidence if you go through the test and answer all of the questions that you know first. Go back and work on those questions that need greater analysis, or that need to be worked out or need to be guessed at and your anxiety will not kick in until later in the test.For those of you whose anxiety increases as study and preparation increase, your goal should be to start concentrating on things that take your mind off the test, i.e., television, books, hobbies, movies, etc. Meditation and aerobic exercise have proven to be very useful methods for reducing undesirable effects of stress.The solution to reducing the destructive influences of stress is to plan to 笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 18 页（共23页）study. Map out a schedule of when you will study each day. Identify the specific topics that you will study each day. Identify the areas of the material that you have had problems with and study those. Your plan should include reading the text material, reviewing notes and homework assignments, identifying material that needs further explanation, developing codes for memory material and testing yourself. Once you have studied adequately, your confidence will be fairly high, your knowledge will be satisfactory to do well on the test and the stomach butterflies will help you focus on the task at hand.I’d wish you good luck on finals, but you and I both know that the more effectively you study, the luckier you will get.81.The word “channeled” underlined in Paragraph 1 means ________.A. directedB. usedC. runD. passed82.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned as a good side of thetest anxiety?A. It can help improve performance if channeled correctly.B. It motivates us to study and prepare for the exam.C. It can help us to concentrate.D. It can always ensure us a good score in the test.83.What is the relationship between knowledge and confidence and test anxiety?A.As your knowledge of the course material increases, your confidence inyour ability to succeed will increase.B.As your test anxiety increases, your knowledge and confidence willincrease.C.As your confidence increases, your anxiety will go down, allowing yourknowledge to come through more effectively.D.Both A and C.笔译综合能力（英语·二级）试卷第 19 页（共23页）。
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醉翁之意不在酒最近，美国的一些高级经济官员宣称，人民币兑美元的价值被低估了，因此人民币应该升值。
这一说法的根据是：中国的外汇储备已达约3500亿美元，而中国拥有的美国政府债券已经超过1220亿美元。
从这个意义上说，中国已成为美国的最大债权国之一，已经占了上风。
美国政府的这种担心不难理解。
曾几何时，美国把日本当做替罪羊，说是日本人抢走了美国人的饭碗。
然后又指责墨西哥。
现在又指控说中国人做事不公，以廉价的币值和较低的单位成本向美国出口产品。
在此情况下，美国的高价产品滞销，美国工厂的库存积压，其结果是工人失业，甚至工厂关闭。
所以，中国的经济政策应对美国的失业问题负责。
此种论调根本站不住脚。
如果美国的消费者不购买廉价的中国产品，则需购买高价的同类产品。
因此，购买中国产品可省下钱来购买更多的由美国生产的资本密集型或知识密集型产品。
实际情况是，中国向美国出口低价商品可以增加美国人的实际收入。
由此看来，美国政府对中国一而再、再而三地抱怨完全是醉翁之意不在酒。
What Are They Driving At?Recently, some top U. S. economic officials argue that the RMB yuan is undervalued vis-à-vis the U. S. dollar. Therefore, it is time for the yuan to appreciate. The basis for their argument is that China has accumulated about $350 billion in foreign-currency reserves and over $122 billion in U. S. government bonds. China has, it that sense, become one of the biggest creditors to the United States, which has given China an upper hand over the United States. It is not difficult to understand why the United States has such a worry. It was not too long ago that the Japanese were made the scapegoat of the Amerians. They were accused of taking American jobs. The the Mexicans were accused. Now they have found another accusation, saying that the Chineses are not fair – they go about exporting to the U.S. by taking advantage of a cheap yuan which means lower unit costs of Chinese goods.Such being the case, higher priced American goods are not selling well, and inventories build up at U. S. factories, and the result is layoffs or, even worse, plant closings. Therefore, it is agued that China’s economic policies are responsible for the job losses in the U.S.. An argument of this kind can hardly hold water. American consumers either buy Chinese low priced goods or go elsewhere to buy them at higher prices. Since purchases of Chinese goods can save money, it means the Americans can make more purchases of the more capital or knowledge intensive goods manufactured in the United States. The fact of the matter is that the cheap Chinese-made exports into the United States can actually increase the real income of American consumers. It is obvious that the U. S. was making a left-handed complaint for ulterior puposes by harping on the “undervalued” RMB.中国从容应对亚洲金融危机1997年亚洲金融危机爆发，在周边国家货币大幅贬值、地区及世界金融市场动荡不定的情况下，中国从自身实际情况和国际形势的要求出发，实行人民币汇率稳定的政策。
人民币保持稳定，对地区金融市场发挥了重要的稳定锚作用，赢得了广泛的国际赞誉。
由于中国供给能力的提高，特别是农产品供大于求和农产品价格下降，使农民的消费能力增长受到抑制，中国在2001年至2002年期间出现了轻微的通货紧缩，2002年的消费无增加增长为负0.4%。
中国政府通过采取积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，开发西部地区和增加基础建设投资，增加外汇储备，不仅迅速摆脱了亚洲金融风波的影响，而且同伙紧缩情况得以改善，中国的物价水平在2002年下半年出现了逐月增长的局面，2003年年初的消费物价指数已经为正直。
China Stayed Calm in the Face of the Asian Financial TurmoilThe outbreak of the financial turmoil in Asia in 1997 caused the currencies of China’s neighboring countries to depreciate considerably, and the regional as well as the world financial markets to become unstable. Under such cirucumstances, in consideration of Chin a’s own reality and of the worldwide situation, China chose to keep its RMB’s exchange rates unchanged. The stable RMB exchange rates served as an anchor to maintain order in the region’s financial markets, which won general approval by the international community.The increase in the supply of goods, especially in farm produce, has caused the prices of agricultural prodcuts to fall, which in turn hindered the increase of farmers’ consumption. There was actually a slight deflation in China in 2001 and 2002, resulting in a minus growth rate (-0.4%) in the prices of consumer goods in 2002. However, because of the the pro-active fiscal policy and the sound monetary policy, the enchancement of the development drive in China’s western regions, the increased investment in infrastructure projects, and the enlarged total of foreign exchange reserve, China not only overcame the adverse impact of the Asian financial crisis quickly, but also eased the negative effects of deflation. In the second half of 2002, the price level in China showed an increase month by month. And the consumer price index in early 2003 turned for the positive.2001上海国际冶金工业展开幕式致辞由中国国际贸易促进委员会上海市分会、中国国际商会上海商会负责接待，上海宝钢集团公司、上海市国际展览公司和华进有限公司联合主办的2001上海国际冶金展，今天在上海国际展览中心隆重开幕了。
请允许我代表上海宝钢集团公司对2001上海国际冶金工业展的开幕表示热烈祝贺！向个各参展嘉宾特别是远道而来的朋友，表示热烈的欢迎！向提供赞助的各个单位，向关心和支持这次冶金展中国钢铁工业协会和上海市有关部门的领导，以及为这次冶金展付出辛勤劳动的有关人员表达衷心的感谢。
这次冶金展集中展示了国内外各类先进的冶金、铸造、锻造、热处理等方面的先进技术和设备。
展览会期间还将同时举行大型技术交流会。
在世界经济全球化加速发展和中国正式加入WTO的背景下，一个更加开放、有序的包括冶金产品、冶金技术和冶金装备在内的冶金市场将在上海形成，热忱欢迎国内外朋友来上海开展技术贸易、技术服务以及投资合作！中国的冶金工业在改革开放的20多年里取得了举世瞩目的成就，已经发展成为世界钢铁生产的大国。