高分子专业英语词汇汉译英

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高分子专业英语

高分子专业英语

一、英汉互译Chapter 1inertness 惰性coefficient of friction 摩擦系数isotactic polymer 等规聚合物syndiotactic polymer 间规聚合物homopolymer 均聚物copolymer 共聚物ionic bonds 离子键covalent bonds 共价键thermoplastics 热塑性体thermosets 热固性体crystalline 结晶的non-crystalline 非结晶的amorphous 无定形的elastomer 弹性体deformation 变形degrade 降解repeat unit 重复单元mole fraction 摩尔分数number average molar mas 数均分子量weight average molar mass 重均分子量degree of branching 支化度Chapter 2polycondensation 缩聚作用strain 张力stress 应力electromagnetic 电磁的radiation 辐射azo 偶氮unpaired electron 未成对电子cage effect 笼蔽效应addition polymerization 加成聚合induced decomposition 诱导分解azobisisobutyronitrile 偶氮二异丁睛redox reaction 氧化还原反应emulsion polymerization 乳液聚合break down into 分解成…. bulk polymerization 本体聚合suspension polymerization 悬浮聚合solution polymerization 溶液聚合activation energy 活化能head-to-tail addition,head-to-head addition 头尾加成,头头加成disproportionation 歧化gel effect 凝胶效应back-biting reaction 回咬反应inhibitor 阻聚剂retarder 缓聚剂self-polymerization 自聚recovery of solvent 溶剂回收dispersing medium 分散介质surface tension 表面张力surface active agent 表面活性剂potassium persulphate 过硫酸钾monodispersed 单分散性polydispersity 多分散性stereoregularity 立体规整度random 无归的alternative 交替的block copolymer 嵌段共聚物graft copolymer 接枝共聚物high-energy radiation 高能辐射living polymer 活的聚合物Chapter 3abrasion resistance 耐磨性degree of crystallinity 结晶度tensile strength 抗张强度brittle fracture 脆性断裂transparency 透明度opaque 不透明permeability 渗透性compatibility 相容性stiffness 僵硬性,劲度cloud point 雾点yield point 屈服点tanslucent 半透明的transparency 透明的opaque 不透明的refractive index 折光指数dielectric constant 介电常数dielectric loss 介电损耗flexural fatigue life 挠曲疲劳寿命restoring force 回复力Chapter 4injection press 注射机reciprocating plunger 往复式注塞mold-clamping capacity 合模力plasticizing capacity 塑化量sress cracking 应力龟裂hydraulic press 液压机reaction injection molding 反应注塑mold-release agent 脱模剂melt fracture 熔体破裂twin-screw 双螺杆extruder 挤出机single-screw 单螺杆挤出机stretch blow molding 拉伸吹塑creep resistance 抗蠕变性Chapter 5processing aid 加工助剂blowing agent 发泡剂flame retardant 阻燃剂coupling agent 偶联剂curing agent 固化剂damping peak 衰减峰antiblock agent 抗粘连剂mold release agent 脱模剂fender extension 极限伸长,断裂伸长crack propagation 延性变形ductile deformation 抗冲击性impact resistance 冲击载荷shock load 细颈现象strength-to-weight ratio 比强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度thermal expansion coefficient 热膨胀系数reinforcing agents 增强剂abrasion resistance 耐磨牢度dispersion force 色散力isotactic polypropylene 等规聚丙烯syndiotactic polypropylene 间规聚丙烯syndiotactic polypropylene 异规聚丙烯二、翻译句子Chapter21、Step-growth polymerization is characterized by the gradual formation of polymer chains through successive reactions coupling monomers to each other to form dimers which can also react with other dimers or unreacted monomer molecules.逐步聚合的特点是通过一个接一个的反应逐步形成聚合物链,先是单体相互配对生成二聚体,二聚体也能够与其他二聚体或未反应的单体分子反应。

高分子专业英语词汇汉译英(精)

高分子专业英语词汇汉译英(精)

--- 均方末端距mean-aquare end-to-end distance 均方末端距- 非交联的uncross-linked 非交联的- 三维有序的three-dimensionally ordered 三维有序的- 三乙基硼氟酸羊triethyloxonium-borofluoride 三乙基硼氟酸羊 - 射线光X-ray x 射线 x 光- 缨状微束理论fringed-micelle theory 缨状微束理论- 折叠链片晶理论folded-chain lamella theory 折叠链片晶理论 - 逐步聚合step-growth polymerization 逐步聚合(表面)发粘的, 粘连性tacky (表面)发粘的 , 粘连性(空间)排布,排列arrangement (空间)排布,排列(链)引发initiation (链)引发(链)终止terminate (链)终止(链)转移,(热)传递transfer (链)转移,(热)传递(生)面团,揉好的面dough (生)面团,揉好的面 (作用于分子间的intermolecular (作用于分子间的氨基,氨基的amino 氨基,氨基的氨基甲酸酯urethane 氨基甲酸酯把…相互连接起来连接interlink 把…相互连接起来连接半晶semicrystalline 半晶半径radius 半径饱和saturation 饱和苯基锂phenyllithium 苯基锂苯基钠phenyl sodium 苯基钠变化,改变variation 变化,改变变形deformation 形变变形性,变形能力deformability 变形性,变形能力表面活性剂surfactant 表面活性剂表征成为…的特征characterize 表征成为…的特征玻璃(态)的glassy 玻璃态的玻璃化温度glass transition temperature 玻璃化温度玻璃态glassy 玻璃(态)的玻璃态的glassy state 玻璃态不饱和的unsaturated 不饱和的不规则性,不均匀的irregularity 不规则性,不均匀的不均匀的,非均匀的heterogeneous 不均匀的,非均匀的不了或缺的indispensable 不了或缺的不完全的imperfect 不完全的参数parameter 参数侧基pendant group 侧基缠结,纠缠entanglement 缠结,纠缠产率yield 产率超声波ultrasonic 超声波超速离心(分离)ultracentrifugation 超速离心(分离)撤出evacuate 撤出沉淀,澄清settle 沉淀,澄清沉降(法)sedimentation 沉降(法)衬里,贴面line 衬里,贴面成分ingredient 成分成型shaping 成型尺寸dimension 尺寸尺寸稳定性dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性稠度,粘稠度consistency 稠度,粘稠度纯度purity 纯度醇(碱金属)烯催化剂Alfin catalyst 醇(碱金属)烯催化剂催化剂,触媒catalyst 催化剂,触媒脆的,易碎的brittle 脆的,易碎的错位,位错dislocation 错位,位错大分子,高分子macromelecule 大分子,高分子单官能度的monofunctional 单官能度的单键single bond 单键单体monomer 单体单轴的uniaxial 单轴的弹性模量elastic modulus 弹性模量弹性体elastomer 弹性体弹性指数slastic parameter 弹性指数当量的,化学计算量的stoichiometric 当量的,化学计算量的导电材料conductive material 导电材料等规立构的isotactic 等规立构的丁二烯butadiene 丁二烯丁基锂butyllithium 丁基锂定向,取向orient 定向,取向定向orientation 定向动力学kinetics 动力学动力学链长kinetic chain length 动力学链长断裂rupture 断裂堆积物,沉积deposit 堆积物,沉积堆砌packing 堆砌多分散的polydisperse 多分散的多分散性polydispersity 多分散性多官能度的polyfunctional 多官能度的多孔性,孔隙率porosity 多孔性,孔隙率二(元)胺diamine 二(元)胺二(元)醇diol 二(元)醇二(元)酸diacid 二(元)酸二次成型secondary shaping operation 二次成型二聚物(体)dimer 二聚物(体)二烯烃diolefin 二烯烃二元的dibasic 二元的反应物,试剂reactent 反应物,试剂反应性,活性reactivity 反应性,活性反应性的,活性的reactive 反应性的,活性的芳香(族)的aromatic 芳香(族)的非弹性的nonelastic 非弹性的分级fractionation 分级分解,分散,分离disintegrate 分解,分散,分离分解decomposition 分解分类(法)categorization 分类(法)分散剂dispersant 分散剂分子量molecular weight distribution 分子量分布分子量分布molecular weight 分子量粉状的powdery 粉状的副作用side reaction 副作用改性modify 改性隔离基团spacer group 隔离基团各项同性的isotropic 各项同性的功能聚合物functional polymer 功能聚合物功能聚合物functionalized polymer 功能聚合物共聚(合)copolymerization 共聚(合)共聚物copolymer 共聚物构象conformation 构象固有的intrinsic 固有的官能团functional group 官能团光敏剂photosensitizer 光敏剂光气,碳酰氯phosgene 光气,碳酰氯光散射light scattering 光散射合成synthesis 合成合成synthesize 合成合成的synthetic 合成的核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振核径迹探测器nuclear track detector 核径迹探测器红外光谱法infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱法花纹,图样式样pattern 花纹,图样式样缓释剂corrosion inhibitor 缓释剂机理mechanism 机理基体,结晶crystal 基体,结晶基体,母体,基质,矩阵matrix 基体,母体,基质,矩阵挤出extrusion 注射成型挤压squeeze 挤压加成聚合物,加聚物addition polymer 加成聚合物,加聚物加工,成型processing 加工,成型加重,恶化aggravate 加重,恶化夹杂(带)的occluded 夹杂(带)的假定的,理想的,有前提的hypothetical 假定的,理想的,有前提的间歇式的intermittent 间歇式的碱金属alkali metal 碱金属键断裂能bond dissociation energy 键断裂能降解depropagation 降解交联crosslinking 交联胶体colloid 胶体搅拌agitation 搅拌结构,组织texture 结构,组织结晶的crystalline 晶体,晶态,结晶的,晶态的结晶性,结晶度crystallinity 结晶性,结晶度解除,松开release 解除,松开解聚depolymerization 解聚介质中等的,中间的medium 介质中等的,中间的界限,范围boundary 界限,范围晶体,晶态,结晶的,晶态的crystalline 结晶的竞聚率reactivity ratio 竞聚率聚苯烯polypropylene 聚苯烯聚苯乙烯polystyrene 聚苯乙烯聚丁烯polybutene 聚丁烯聚合(物)的polymeric 聚合(物)的聚合度degree of polymerization 聚合度聚合物【体】,高聚物polymer 聚合物【体】,高聚物聚氯乙烯polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯聚酰胺polyamide 聚酰胺聚乙烯polyethylene 聚乙烯聚乙烯醇polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇聚酯化(作用)polyesterification 聚酯化(作用)开链unzippering 开链开始,着手commence 开始,着手抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂抗氧剂antioxidant 抗氧剂抗张强度tensile strength 抗张强度控制释放controlled release 控制释放口模成型dieforming 口模成型扩散diffuse 扩散拉直,拉长stretch 拉直,拉长冷冻水chilled water 冷冻水离解dissociate 离解离心centrifuge 离心离子ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂离子的ionic polymerization 离子型聚合离子交换树脂ion 离子离子型聚合ionic 离子的理想的,概念的ideal 理想的,概念的力学性能,机械性能mechanical property 力学性能,机械性能立构规整性【度】srereoregularity 立构规整性【度】连锁反应chain reaction 连锁反应链段segment 链段链段segment 链段链间的interchain 链间的链终止chain termination 链终止流动性mobility 流动性流体静力学hydrostatic 流体静力学硫化vulcanization 硫化络合物complex 络合物氯(气)chlorine 氯(气)氯乙烯vinyl 乙烯基(的)密度density 密度密封seal 密封模塑成型moulding 模塑成型模型model 模型逆流countercurrent 逆流黏弹态viscoelastic 黏弹性的黏弹性的viscoelastic state 黏弹态黏度viscosity average molecular weight 黏均分子量黏均分子量viscosity 黏度黏流态viscofluid state 黏流态凝胶 gel 凝胶农药,化肥 agrochemical 排列成行 align 配方 formulation 喷洒sprinkle 喷洒片晶 platelet 片晶平衡 equilibrium 潜在的 latent 平衡潜在的嵌入,埋入,包埋氢键排列成行配方农药,化肥嵌入,埋入,包埋 imbed 强度 strength 强度氢(气)hydrogen bonding 氢键 hydrogen 缺陷 defect 缺陷氢(气)取代,代替substitution 取代,代替热成型 thermoforming 热固性的 thermoset 热解 pyrolysis 热成型热固性的热解热塑性的热传递 heat transfer 热传递热力学地thermondynamically 热力学地热塑性的 thermoplastic 溶剂 solvent 溶解 dissolution 溶解度 solubility 溶胀 swell 熔化的 molten 柔量 compliance 溶胀熔化的柔量溶剂溶解溶解度溶胀的 swollen 溶胀的柔软的 flexible 柔软的三苯甲基钾 triphenylenthyl potassium 三苯甲基钾三聚物(体)trimer 三聚物(体)三氯化铁三元的,叔(特)的三氯化铁 titanium trichloride 三元的,叔(特)的 tertiary 筛子,筛分scalp 熵 entropy 熵伸长率,延伸率 elongation 渗透性 permeability 渗透性生物(学)的 biological 生物医学的 biomedical 食盐 common salt 食盐生长链,活性链growing chain 生物(学)的生物医学的生长链,活性链伸长率,延伸率筛子,筛分使…变形,扭曲 distort 使脱氢 dehydrogenate 收缩 retract 收缩使…变形,扭曲使脱氢数均分子量使…溶解 dissolve 使…溶解数均分子量 number average molecular weight 双键 double bond 双键四氯化钛 titanium tetrachloride 四氯化钛四氢呋喃 tetrahydrofuran 塑料 plastics 塑料碎屑,碎片 fragment 羧基 carboxyl 羧基羧基酸 hydocy acid 羧基酸缩(合)聚(合)polycondensation 缩合聚合物,缩聚物condensation polymer 太阳能 solar energy 太阳能炭 char 炭特性 peculiarity 烃基hydroxyl 统计的 statistical 涂覆 coating 涂覆脱单塔 stripping tower 脱水 dewater 脱水外形,轮廓 contour 外形,轮廓烷基铝 aluminum alkyl 微晶 crystallite 稳定剂stabilizer 稳定性 stability 稳定性污物 contaminant 污物无定型的,非晶体的amorphous 无规降解 random decomposition 无规立构的 atactic 无规立构的无规线团random coil 无规线团无机聚合物 inorganic polymer 烯丙基 allyl 烯丙基烯烃的olefinic 烯烃的细分区分 subdivide 纤维 fiber 线团 coil 线团纤维细分区分微晶稳定剂烷基铝脱单塔特性烃基同时,同步统计的碎屑,碎片四氢呋喃缩(合)聚(合)缩合聚合物,缩聚物同时,同步 simultaneously 无定型的,非晶体的无规降解无机聚合物酰胺化(作用)amidation 酰胺化(作用)线团状的 coiling 线团状的相互作用相互作用 interaction 橡胶 rubber 橡胶想象,推测 imagine 想象,推测橡胶态的 rubbery 橡胶态的消除,打开,除去eliminate 形变 deformation 变形形态(学)morphology 形态(学)型柸 parison 型柸性能,行为 behavior 性能,行为性能,特征 performance 性能,特征絮凝剂flocculating agent 压延 calendering 衍射 diffraction 氧鎓羊 oxonium 药品,药物 drug 液晶 liquid crystal 液晶依数性 colligative 乙烯基醚 vinyl chloride 异丁烯 isobutylene 异氰酸酯 isocyanate 阴(负)离子的 anionic 引发剂 initiator 引发剂引力,吸引attraction 硬度 hardness 油轮,槽车 tanker 淤浆 slurry 淤浆硬度油轮,槽车引力,吸引异丁烯异氰酸酯阴(负)离子的依数性乙烯基醚氯乙烯异丙醇金属,异丙氧化金属乙烯基(的)vinyl ether 压延成型压延衍射氧鎓羊药品,药物,药物的,医药的药品,药物絮凝剂旋转,回旋 gyration 旋转,回旋压延成型calendering 消除,打开,除去小球,液滴,颗粒 globule 小球,液滴,颗粒阳(正)离子的 cationic 阳(正)离子的药品,药物,药物的,医药的pharmaceutical 异丙醇金属,异丙氧化金属 isopropylate 有规立构的,立构规整性的stereoregular 有规立构的,立构规整性的运动,流动 mobilize 运动,流动杂质impurity 杂质载体 carrier 载体增进,改善 improve 增进,改善粘稠的 viscous 粘稠的照射,辐射 irradiation 真是的 real 真是的照射,辐射争论,争议 controversy 争论,争议正[阳]离子 cation 正[阳]离子正的,阳(性)的 positive 正的,阳(性)的脂肪(族)的 aliphatic 脂肪(族)的酯化(作用)esterification 酯化(作用)中性的 neutral 中性的重复单元重均分子量主链,骨干助催化剂挤出转化率转化自由基聚合种类,类型 category 种类,类型重复单元 repeating unit 主链,骨干 backbone 助催化剂 cocatalyst 注射成型 extrusion 转化 conversion 转化率conversion 转矩 torsion 转矩自由基阻燃剂最佳的,最佳值[点,状态] 最小化最小值,最小的模型活化(作用)重均分子量 weight average molecular weight 自由基radical polymerization 自由基聚合 radical 阻燃剂 flame retardant 最小化 minimise ( 模型 mo(ulding 最佳的,最佳值[点,状态]optimum 最小值,最小的 minimum 活化(作用)activation 手风琴手风琴。

高分子材料专业英语词汇

高分子材料专业英语词汇

poly-聚,多methyl-甲基deca-十,癸ethyl-乙基non-九,壬propyl-丙基octa-八,辛butyl-丁基hepta-七,庚hydro-氢hexa-六,己chlor-氯penta-五,戊bromo-溴tetra-四amine胺tri-三carbo-碳twi-二oxy-氧di-二-ane烷烃mono-单-ene烯烃-ol醇-yne炔烃vinyl-乙烯基cyclo-环fluor-氟aryl-芳基nitri-氮alkyl-烷基nitro-硝基ortho-邻位iodo-碘para-对位alkadiene二烯烃meta-间位thermo-热ether醚nucleo-核ketone-酮sulph-硫ester酯carboxylic acid羧酸amide酰胺acid anhydride酸酐ammonium铵Sodium Hydroxide NaOHPotassium Hydroxide KOHTriethylamine三乙胺Cis-2-butylene顺丁二烯m-diemethylbenzene间二甲苯cyclohexanol环己醇3-pentanone三戊酮Ethyl acetate乙酸乙酯flask烧瓶funnel漏斗beaker烧杯Graduated cylinder量筒condenser冷凝管separatory funnel分液漏斗test tube试管chromatograph column色谱柱stirbar搅拌子(Multiple)adaptor分水器(适配器)glove手套balance天平Basic concepts基本概念macromolecule大分子polymer聚合物monomer单体structure unit结构单元repeating unit重复单元monomer unit单体单元chain element链单元degree of polymerization聚合度homopolymer均聚物copolymer共聚物molecular weight分子量polydispersity of molecule weight分子量分布number-average molecular weight数均分子量weight-average molecular weight重均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight粘均分子量linear线型的branched枝化的cross-linked交联的cis顺式trans反式stereo isomerism立体异构isotactic全同syndiotactic间同atactic无轨mechanism机理chain polymerization连锁聚合step polymerization逐步聚合addition polymerization加聚condensation polymerization缩聚free radical自由基initiation引发thermal initiator热引发剂peroxide initiator过氧化物引发剂azo initiator偶氮引发剂decomposition分解redox initiator氧化还原引发剂photoinitiator光引发剂propagation增长thermodynamics热力学entropy熵enthalpy焓steric strain空间张力polar effect极效应resonance共振chain transfer链转移hydrogen abstraction去氢反应solvent溶剂chain transfer agent链转移剂termination终止disproportionation不均匀combination结合auto-acceleration自动加速ionic polymerization离子聚合cationic polymerization阳离子聚合anionic polymerization阴离子聚合protic acids质子酸carbenium salts碳正离子盐electron donating groups 供电子基团stabilization稳定性hydride shift氢迁移organometallic initiators有机金属引发剂polar solvent极性溶剂electron withdrawing groups拉电子基团。

高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照.doc

高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照.doc

05. 高分子化学05.1 高分子物质brush polymercoiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应5 三官能[基]单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体,7偏[二]取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体,81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体,二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合[反应]polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应,21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链[式]聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合,乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯[类]聚合diene polymerization31 加[成]聚[合]addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization,RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer,RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization,FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合,死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光[致]聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization,ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子[型]聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合,阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活[性]聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活[性]聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合,立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映[体]不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映[体]对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization,GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应,101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步[增长]聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization,108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合,间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮[类]引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物,155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator,difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 [二]茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移[反应]addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂,阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端[反应]end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合[反应]copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒[组]分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂,链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄]硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链;链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration,CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight,viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution,MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级,淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit 179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性,弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变;变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹,回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis,TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。

高分子专业术语中英文对照表

高分子专业术语中英文对照表

高分子专业术语中英文对照表加工processing反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工plasma processing加工性processability熔体流动指数melt [flow] index门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization外增塑作用external plasticization增塑溶胶plastisol增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility组织相容性tissue compatibility混炼milling, mixing素炼mastication塑炼plastication过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding共混blend捏和kneading冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability压延calendering埋置embedding压片preforming模塑molding模压成型compression molding压缩成型compression forming冲压模塑impact moulding, shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding气辅注塑gas aided injection molding注塑焊接injection welding传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸fusion casting铸塑成型cast molding单体浇铸monomer casting挤出extrusion共挤出coextrusion多层挤塑multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑coextrusion blow molding同轴挤塑coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑blown extrusion挤出吹塑extrusion blow molding挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding 反应性挤塑reactive extrusion固相挤出solid-phase extrusion发泡expanding foam后发泡post expansion物理发泡physical foam化学发泡chemical foam吹塑blow molding多层吹塑multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding滚塑rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding, RIM 真空成型vacuum forming无压成型zero ressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex胶乳latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber,crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch交联crosslinking固化cure光固化photo-cure硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure,post vulcanization自硫[化] bin cure自交联self crosslinking , self curing过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization开始[硫化]效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing, self-vulcanizing焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming可纺性spinnability纺丝spinning干纺dry spinning湿纺wet spinning干湿法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning乳液纺丝emulsion spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion flash spinning process 喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成形spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺[丝] gel spinning. 反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament, monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺cospinning冷拉伸cold drawing, cold stretching单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing,uniaxial elongation双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded bead高分子膜polymeric membraneH-膜H-filmLB膜Langmuir Blodgett film (LB film)半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜Reverse osmosis membrance多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane正离子交换膜cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane 吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent添加剂additive固化剂curing agent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanizing agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent, sulfur donor硫化促进剂vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂vulcanization activator活化促进剂activating accelerator活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂aluminate coupling agent增强剂reinforcing agent增硬剂hardening agent惰性填料inert filler增塑剂plasticizer辅增塑剂coplasticizer增粘剂tackifier增容剂compatibilizer增塑增容剂plasticizer extender分散剂dispersant agent结构控制剂constitution controller色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent抗降解剂antidegradant防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant抗龟裂剂anticracking agent抗疲劳剂anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂biocide防蚀剂anti-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂photoresist防霉剂antiseptic防腐剂rot resistor防潮剂moisture proof agent除臭剂re-odorant抗氧剂antioxidant热稳定剂heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂antistatic additive抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂light stabilizer, photostabilizer光屏蔽剂light screener发泡剂foaming agent物理发泡剂physical foaming agent化学发泡剂chemical foaming agent脱模剂releasing agent内脱模剂internal releasing agent外脱模剂external releasing agent阻燃剂flame retardant防火剂fire retardant烧蚀剂ablator润滑剂lubricant湿润剂wetting agent隔离剂separant增韧剂toughening agent抗冲改性剂impact modifier消泡剂antifoaming agent减阻剂drag reducer破乳剂demulsifier粘度改进剂viscosity modifier增稠剂thickening agent, thickener阻黏剂abhesive洗脱剂eluant附聚剂agglomerating agent后处理剂after-treating agent催干剂drier防结皮剂anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent-----------------------高物高化类:结构单元constitutional unit重复结构单元constitutional repeating unit构型单元configurational unit立构重复单元stereorepeating unit立构规整度tacticity等规度, 全同立构[规整]度isotacticity间同度,间同立构[规整]度syndiotacticity无规度,无规立构度atacticity嵌段block规整嵌段regular block非规整嵌段irregular block立构嵌段stereoblock有规立构嵌段isotactic block无规立构嵌段atactic block单体单元monomeric unit二单元组diad三单元组triad四单元组tetrad五单元组pentad无规线团random coil自由连接链freely-jointed chain自由旋转链freely-rotating chain蠕虫状链worm-like chain柔性链flexible chain链柔性chain flexibility刚性链rigid chain棒状链rodlike chain链刚性chain rigidity聚集aggregation聚集体aggregate凝聚、聚集coalescence链缠结chain entanglement凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement物理缠结physical entanglement拓扑缠结topological entanglement凝聚相condensed phase凝聚态condensed state凝聚过程condensing process临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition受限链confined chain受限态confined state物理交联physical crosslinking统计线团statistical coil等效链equivalent chain统计链段statistical segment链段chain segment链构象chain conformation无规线团模型random coil model无规行走模型random walk model自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model卷曲构象coiled conformation高斯链Gaussian chain无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension扰动尺寸perturbed dimension热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 链间相互作用interchain interaction链间距interchain spacing长程有序long range order近程有序short range order回转半径radius of gyration末端间矢量end-to-end vector链末端chain end末端距end-to-end distance无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance伸直长度contour length相关长度persistence length主链;链骨架chain backbone支链branch chain链支化chain branching短支链short-chain branch长支链long-chain branch支化系数branching index支化密度branching density支化度degree of branching交联度degree of crosslinking网络network网络密度network density溶胀swelling平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly自组装self assembly微凝胶microgel凝胶点gel point可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration,CMC组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositional heterogenity摩尔质量平均molar mass average数均分子量number-average molecular weight, number-average molar mass 重均分子量weight-average molecular weight, weight-average molar massZ均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight, Z-molar mass黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight,viscosity-average molar mass 表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass表观分子量apparent molecular weight聚合度degree of polymerization动力学链长kinetic chain length单分散性monodispersity临界分子量critical molecular weight分子量分布molecular weight distribution,MWD多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID平均聚合度average degree of polymerization质量分布函数mass distribution function数量分布函数number distribution function重量分布函数weight distribution function舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution最概然分布most probable distribution对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution聚合物溶液polymer solution聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent均方末端距mean square end to end distance均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyrationθ温度theta temperatureθ态theta stateθ溶剂theta solvent良溶剂good solvent不良溶剂poor solvent位力系数Virial coefficient排除体积excluded volume溶胀因子expansion factor溶胀度degree of swelling弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory哈金斯公式Huggins equation哈金斯系数Huggins coefficientχ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter溶度参数solubility parameter摩擦系数frictional coefficient流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume珠-棒模型bead-rod model球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence动态光散射dynamic light scattering小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium沉降系数sedimentation coefficient沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method相对黏度relative viscosity相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment黏度比viscosity ratio黏数viscosity number[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer落球黏度计ball viscometer落球黏度ball viscosity本体黏度bulk viscosity比浓黏度reduced viscosity比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscosity number 特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number黏度函数viscosity function零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity端基分析analysis of end group蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation 折光指数增量refractive index increment瑞利比Rayleigh ratio超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio粒子散射函数particle scattering function粒子散射因子particle scattering factor齐姆图Zimm plot散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering解偏振作用depolarization分级fractionation沉淀分级precipitation fractionation萃取分级extraction fractionation色谱分级chromatographic fractionation柱分级column fractionation洗脱分级,淋洗分级elution fractionation热分级thermal fractionation凝胶色谱法gel chromatography摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit洗脱体积elution volume普适标定universal calibration加宽函数spreading function链轴chain axis等同周期identity period链重复距离chain repeating distance晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period构象重复单元conformational repeating unit几何等效geometrical equivalence螺旋链helix chain构型无序configurational disorder链取向无序chain orientational disorder构象无序conformational disorder锯齿链zigzag chain双[股]螺旋double stranded helix[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation结晶聚合物crystalline polymer半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer高分子晶体polymer crystal高分子微晶polymer crystallite结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism聚合物形态学morphology of polymer片晶lamella, lamellar crystal轴晶axialite树枝[状]晶体dendrite纤维晶fibrous crystal串晶结构shish-kebab structure球晶spherulite折叠链folded chain链折叠chain folding折叠表面fold surface折叠面fold plane折叠微区fold domain相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model接线板模型switchboard model缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal球状链晶体globular-chain crystal长周期long period近程结构short-range structure远程结构long-range structure成核作用nucleation分子成核作用molecular nucleation阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation主结晶primary crystallization后期结晶secondary crystallization外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial crystallization外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长epitaxial growth织构texture液晶态liquid crystal state溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal近晶中介相smectic mesophase近晶相smectic phase条带织构banded texture环带球晶ringed spherulite向列相nematic phase盘状相discotic phase解取向disorientation分聚segregation非晶相amorphous phase非晶区amorphous region非晶态amorphous state非晶取向amorphous orientation链段运动segmental motion亚稳态metastable state相分离phase separation亚稳相分离spinodal decompositionbimodal decomposition微相microphase界面相boundary phase相容性compatibility混容性miscibility不相容性incompatibility不混容性immiscibility增容作用compatiibilization最低临界共溶(溶解)温度lower critical solution temperature, LCST 最高临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 浓度猝灭concentration quenching激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 单轴取向uniaxial orientation双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation取向度degree of orientation橡胶态rubber state玻璃态glassy state高弹态elastomeric state黏流态viscous flow state伸长elongation高弹形变high elastic deformation回缩性,弹性复原nerviness拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio泊松比Poisson's ratio杨氏模量Young's modulus本体模量bulk modulus剪切模量shear modulus法向应力normal stress剪切应力shear stress剪切应变shear strain屈服yielding颈缩现象necking屈服应力yield stress屈服应变yield strain脆性断裂brittle fracture脆性开裂brittle cracking脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature延性破裂ductile fracture冲击强度impact strength拉伸强度tensile strength极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength抗撕强度tearing strength弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength弯曲模量bending modulus弯曲应变bending strain弯曲应力bending stress收缩开裂shrinkage crack剪切强度shear strength剥离强度peeling strength疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance挠曲deflection压缩强度compressive strength压缩永久变形compression set压缩变形compressive deformation. 压痕硬度indentation hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness布氏硬度Brinell hardness抗刮性scrath resistance断裂力学fracture mechanics力学破坏mechanical failure应力强度因子stress intensity factor断裂伸长elongation at break屈服强度yield strength断裂韧性fracture toughness弹性形变elastic deformation弹性滞后elastic hysteresis弹性elasticity弹性模量modulus of elasticity弹性回复elastic recovery不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation裂缝crack银纹craze形变;变形deformation永久变形deformation set剩余变形residual deformation剩余伸长residual stretch回弹,回弹性resilience延迟形变retarded deformation延迟弹性retarded elasticity可逆形变reversible deformation应力开裂stress cracking应力-应变曲线stress strain curve拉伸应变stretching strain拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation热历史thermal history热收缩thermoshrinking扭辫分析torsional braid analysis,TBA应力致白stress whitening应变能strain energy应变张量strain tensor剩余应力residual stress应变硬化strain hardening应变软化strain softening电流变液electrorheological fluid假塑性pseudoplastic拉胀性auxiticity牛顿流体Newtonian fluid非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid冷流cold flow牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity剪切黏度shear viscosity表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity剪切变稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy塑性形变plastic deformation塑性流动plastic flow体积弛豫volume relaxation拉伸黏度extensional viscosity黏弹性viscoelasticity线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity蠕变creep弛豫[作用] relaxation弛豫模量relaxation modulus蠕变柔量creep compliance热畸变温度heat distortion temperature弛豫谱relaxation spectrum推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum弛豫时间relaxation time推迟时间retardation time动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve动态转变dynamic transition储能模量storage modulus损耗模量loss modulus复数模量complex modulus复数柔量complex compliance动态黏度dynamic viscosity复数黏度complex viscosity复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity 介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time玻璃化转变glass transition玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature次级弛豫secondary relaxation次级转变secondary transition次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature 开尔文模型Kelvin model麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model时-温叠加原理time-temperature superposition principle玻耳兹曼叠加原理Boltzmann superposition principle平移因子shift factorWLF公式WLF[Williams-Lendel-Ferry] equation软化温度softening temperature平衡熔点equilibrium melting point物理老化physical ageing光老化photoageing热老化thermal ageing热氧老化thermo-oxidative ageing人工老化artificial ageing加速老化accelerated ageing计算机模拟computer simulation分子动力学模拟molecular dynamics simulation蒙特卡洛模拟Monte Carlo simulation---------------------------------聚合反应类:单体monomer官能度functionality平均官能度average functionality双官能[基]单体bifunctional monomer三官能[基]单体trifunctional monomer乙烯基单体vinyl monomer1,1-亚乙烯基单体,偏[二]取代乙烯单体vinylidene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体,1,2-二取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer双烯单体,二烯单体diene monomer极性单体polar monomer非极性单体non polar monomer共轭单体conjugated monomer非共轭单体non conjugated monomer活化单体activated monomer官能单体functional monomer大分子单体macromer, macromonomer环状单体cyclic monomer共聚单体comonomer聚合[反应]polymerization均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应,齐聚反应(曾用名) oligomerization调聚反应telomerization自发聚合spontaneous polymerization预聚合prepolymerization后聚合post polymerization再聚合repolymerization铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization链[式]聚合chain polymerization烯类聚合,乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization双烯[类]聚合diene polymerization加[成]聚[合]addition polymerization自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization,radical polymerization控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization,RATRP 可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer,RAFT氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization,FRP自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization氧化还原聚合redox polymerization无活性端聚合,死端聚合(曾用名) dead end polymerization光[致]聚合photo polymerization光引发聚合light initiated polymerization光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization四中心聚合four center polymerization电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization热聚合thermal polymerization电解聚合electrolytic polymerization等离子体聚合plasma polymerization易位聚合metathesis polymerization开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization,ROMP精密聚合precision polymerization环化聚合cyclopolymerization拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization离子[型]聚合ionic polymerization辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization离子对聚合ion pair polymerization正离子聚合,阳离子聚合cationic polymerization碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationic polymerization 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization假正离子活[性]聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anionic polymerization碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization活[性]聚合living polymerization两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization配位聚合coordination polymerization配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization插入聚合insertion polymerization定向聚合,立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization对映[体]不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization对映[体]对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization异构化聚合isomerization polymerization氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization,GTP消除聚合elimination polymerization模板聚合matrix polymerization,template polymerization插层聚合intercalation polymerization无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization开环聚合ring opening polymerization活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization不死的聚合immortal polymerization酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization聚加成反应,逐步加成聚合(曾用名) polyaddition偶联聚合coupling polymerization序列聚合sequential polymerization闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flash polymerization氧化聚合oxidative polymerization氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization逐步[增长]聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization,polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization,ester exchange polycondensation自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation均相聚合homogeneous polymerization非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,gas phase polymerization吸附聚合adsorption polymerization溶液聚合solution polymerization沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization淤浆聚合slurry polymerization悬浮聚合suspension polymerization反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization分散聚合dispersion polymerization反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization种子聚合seeding polymerization乳液聚合emulsion polymerization无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization连续聚合continuous polymerization半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization分批聚合,间歇聚合batch polymerization原位聚合in situ polymerization均相缩聚homopolycondensation活化缩聚activated polycondensation熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation界面聚合interfacial polymerization界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization引发剂initiator引发剂活性activity of initiator聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst自由基引发剂radical initiator偶氮[类]引发剂azo type initiator2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator复合引发体系complex initiation system氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物,电荷转移络合物charge transfer complex, CTC聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator光敏引发剂photoinitiator双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator,difunctional initiator 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator大分子引发剂macroinitiator引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter正离子催化剂cationic catalyst正离子引发剂cationic initiator负离子引发剂ionioic initiator共引发剂coinitiator烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst[二]茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAOμ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst桥基茂金属bridged metallocene限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst链引发chain initiation热引发thermal initiation染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation诱导期induction period引发剂效率initiator efficiency诱导分解induced decomposition再引发reinitiation链增长chain growth, chain propagation增长链端propagating chain end活性种reactive species活性中心active center持续自由基persistent radical聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization链终止chain termination双分子终止bimolecular termination初级自由基终止primary radical termination扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination歧化终止disproportionation termination偶合终止coupling termination单分子终止unimolecular termination自发终止spontaneous termination终止剂terminator链终止剂chain terminating agent假终止pseudotermination自发终止self termination自由基捕获剂radical scavenger旋转光闸法rotating sector method自由基寿命free radical lifetime凝胶效应gel effect自动加速效应autoacceleration effect链转移chain transfer链转移剂chain transfer agent尾咬转移backbitting transfer退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer加成断裂链转移[反应]addition fragmentation chain transfer 链转移常数chain transfer constant①缓聚作用②延迟作用retardation阻聚作用inhibition缓聚剂retarder缓聚剂,阻滞剂retarding agent阻聚剂inhibitor封端[反应]end capping端基terminal group聚合动力学polymerization kinetics聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics聚合热heat of polymerization共聚合[反应]copolymerization二元共聚合binary copolymerization三元共聚合ternary copolymerization竞聚率reactivity ratio自由基共聚合radical copolymerization离子共聚合ionic copolymerization无规共聚合random copolymerization理想共聚合ideal copolymerization交替共聚合alternating copolymerization恒[组]分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization嵌段共聚合block copolymerization开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization共聚合方程copolymerization equation共缩聚copolycondensation逐步共聚合step copolymerization同种增长homopropagation自增长self propagation交叉增长cross propagation前末端基效应penultimate effect交叉终止cross terminationQ值Q valuee值e valueQ,e概念Q, e scheme序列长度分布sequence length distribution侧基反应reaction of pendant group扩链剂,链增长剂chain extender交联crosslinking化学交联chemical crosslinking自交联self crosslinking光交联photocrosslinking交联度degree of crosslinking硫化vulcanization固化curing硫[黄]硫化sulfur vulcanization促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking无规交联random crosslinking交联密度crosslinking density交联指数crosslinking index解聚depolymerization①降解②退化degradation链断裂chain breaking解聚酶depolymerase细菌降解bacterial degradation生物降解biodegradation化学降解chemical degradation辐射降解radiation degradation断链降解chain scission degradation自由基链降解free radical chain degradation无规降解random degradation水解降解hydrolytic degradation热降解thermal degradation热氧化降解thermal oxidative degradation光降解photodegradation光氧化降解photo oxidative degradation力化学降解mechanochemical degradation接枝聚合graft polymerization活化接枝activation grafting接枝点grafting site链支化chain branching支化度degree of branching接枝效率efficiency of grafting接枝度grafting degree辐射诱导接枝radiation induced grafting嵌段聚合block polymerization---------------------------通用类:高分子macromolecule, polymer超高分子supra polymer天然高分子natural polymer无机高分子inorganic polymer有机高分子organic polymer无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer元素高分子element polymer高聚物high polymer聚合物polymer低聚物oligomer二聚体dimer三聚体trimer调聚物telomer预聚物prepolymer均聚物homopolymer无规聚合物random polymer无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer规整聚合物regular polymer非规整聚合物irregular polymer无规立构聚合物atactic polymer全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 苏型双全同立构聚合物threo-diisotactic polymer苏型双间同立构聚合物threo-disyndiotactic polymer 赤型双全同立构聚合物erythro-diisotactic polymer赤型双间同立构聚合物erythro-disyndiotactic polymer 全同间同等量聚合物equitactic polymer共聚物copolymer二元共聚物binary copolymer三元共聚物terpolymer多元聚合物multipolymer序列共聚物sequential copolymer多层共聚物multilayer copolymer多相聚合物multiphase polymer统计[结构]共聚物statistical copolymer无规共聚物random copolymer。

高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照(精)

高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照(精)

05. 高分子化学05.1 高分子物质brush polymercoiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应5 三官能[基]单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体,7偏[二]取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体,81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体,二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合[反应]polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应,21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链[式]聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合,乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯[类]聚合diene polymerization31 加[成]聚[合]addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization,RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer,RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization,FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合,死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光[致]聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization,ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子[型]聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合,阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活[性]聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活[性]聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合,立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映[体]不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映[体]对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization,GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应,101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步[增长]聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization,108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合,间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮[类]引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物,155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator,difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 [二]茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移[反应]addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂,阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端[反应]end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合[反应]copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒[组]分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂,链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄]硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链;链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration,CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight,viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution,MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级,淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit 179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性,弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变;变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹,回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis,TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。

高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总

高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总

加工processing反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工plasma processing加工性processability熔体流动指数melt [flow] index门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization外增塑作用external plasticization增塑溶胶plastisol增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility组织相容性tissue compatibility混炼milling,mixing素炼mastication塑炼plastication过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding共混blend捏和kneading冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability压延calendering埋置embedding压片preforming模塑molding模压成型compression molding压缩成型compression forming冲压模塑impact moulding,shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding气辅注塑gas aided injection molding注塑焊接injection welding传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸fusion casting铸塑成型cast molding单体浇铸monomer casting挤出extrusion共挤出coextrusion多层挤塑multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑coextrusion blow molding同轴挤塑coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑blown extrusion挤出吹塑extrusion blow molding挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding反应性挤塑reactive extrusion固相挤出solid-phase extrusion发泡expanding foam后发泡post expansion物理发泡physical foam化学发泡chemical foam吹塑blow molding多层吹塑multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding滚塑rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding,RIM 真空成型vacuum forming无压成型zero ressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex胶乳latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber,crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch交联crosslinking固化cure光固化photo-cure硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure,post vulcanization自硫[化] bin cure自交联self crosslinking ,self curing过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization开始[硫化]效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing,self-vulcanizing焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming可纺性spinnability纺丝spinning干纺dry spinning湿纺wet spinning干湿法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning乳液纺丝emulsion spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion flash spinning process 喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成形spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺[丝] gel spinning反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament,monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺cospinning冷拉伸cold drawing,cold stretching 单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing,uniaxial elongation双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion 底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant 高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded bead高分子膜polymeric membraneH-膜H-filmLB膜Langmuir Blodgett film (LB film)半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜Reverse osmosis membrance 多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane正离子交换膜cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane 吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent添加剂additive固化剂curing agent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanizing agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent,sulfur donor 硫化促进剂vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂vulcanization activator活化促进剂activating accelerator活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂aluminate coupling agent 增强剂reinforcing agent增硬剂hardening agent惰性填料inert filler增塑剂plasticizer辅增塑剂coplasticizer增粘剂tackifier增容剂compatibilizer增塑增容剂plasticizer extender分散剂dispersant agent结构控制剂constitution controller色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent抗降解剂antidegradant防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant抗龟裂剂anticracking agent抗疲劳剂anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂biocide防蚀剂anti-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂photoresist防霉剂antiseptic防腐剂rot resistor防潮剂moisture proof agent除臭剂re-odorant抗氧剂antioxidant热稳定剂heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂antistatic additive抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂light stabilizer,photostabilizer 光屏蔽剂light screener发泡剂foaming agent物理发泡剂physical foaming agent化学发泡剂chemical foaming agent脱模剂releasing agent内脱模剂internal releasing agent外脱模剂external releasing agent阻燃剂flame retardant防火剂fire retardant烧蚀剂ablator润滑剂lubricant湿润剂wetting agent隔离剂separant增韧剂toughening agent抗冲改性剂impact modifier消泡剂antifoaming agent减阻剂drag reducer破乳剂demulsifier粘度改进剂viscosity modifier增稠剂thickening agent,thickener阻黏剂abhesive洗脱剂eluant附聚剂agglomerating agent后处理剂after-treating agent催干剂drier防结皮剂anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent。

(完整)高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总,推荐文档

(完整)高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总,推荐文档

加工processing反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工plasma processing加工性processability熔体流动指数melt [flow] index门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization外增塑作用external plasticization增塑溶胶plastisol增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility组织相容性tissue compatibility混炼milling,mixing素炼mastication塑炼plastication过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding共混blend捏和kneading冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability压延calendering埋置embedding压片preforming模塑molding模压成型compression molding压缩成型compression forming冲压模塑impact moulding,shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding气辅注塑gas aided injection molding注塑焊接injection welding传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸fusion casting铸塑成型cast molding单体浇铸monomer casting挤出extrusion共挤出coextrusion多层挤塑multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑coextrusion blow molding同轴挤塑coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑blown extrusion挤出吹塑extrusion blow molding挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding反应性挤塑reactive extrusion固相挤出solid-phase extrusion发泡expanding foam后发泡post expansion物理发泡physical foam化学发泡chemical foam吹塑blow molding多层吹塑multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding滚塑rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding,RIM 真空成型vacuum forming无压成型zero ressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex胶乳latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber,crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch交联crosslinking固化cure光固化photo-cure硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure,post vulcanization自硫[化] bin cure自交联self crosslinking ,self curing过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization开始[硫化]效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing,self-vulcanizing焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming可纺性spinnability纺丝spinning干纺dry spinning湿纺wet spinning干湿法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning乳液纺丝emulsion spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion flash spinning process 喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成形spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺[丝] gel spinning反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament,monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺cospinning冷拉伸cold drawing,cold stretching 单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing,uniaxial elongation双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion 底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant 高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded bead高分子膜polymeric membraneH-膜H-filmLB膜Langmuir Blodgett film (LB film)半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜Reverse osmosis membrance 多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane正离子交换膜cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane 吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent添加剂additive固化剂curing agent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanizing agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent,sulfur donor 硫化促进剂vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂vulcanization activator活化促进剂activating accelerator活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂aluminate coupling agent 增强剂reinforcing agent增硬剂hardening agent惰性填料inert filler增塑剂plasticizer辅增塑剂coplasticizer增粘剂tackifier增容剂compatibilizer增塑增容剂plasticizer extender分散剂dispersant agent结构控制剂constitution controller色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent抗降解剂antidegradant防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant抗龟裂剂anticracking agent抗疲劳剂anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂biocide防蚀剂anti-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂photoresist防霉剂antiseptic防腐剂rot resistor防潮剂moisture proof agent除臭剂re-odorant抗氧剂antioxidant热稳定剂heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂antistatic additive抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂light stabilizer,photostabilizer 光屏蔽剂light screener发泡剂foaming agent物理发泡剂physical foaming agent化学发泡剂chemical foaming agent脱模剂releasing agent内脱模剂internal releasing agent外脱模剂external releasing agent阻燃剂flame retardant防火剂fire retardant烧蚀剂ablator润滑剂lubricant湿润剂wetting agent隔离剂separant增韧剂toughening agent抗冲改性剂impact modifier消泡剂antifoaming agent减阻剂drag reducer破乳剂demulsifier粘度改进剂viscosity modifier增稠剂thickening agent,thickener阻黏剂abhesive洗脱剂eluant附聚剂agglomerating agent后处理剂after-treating agent催干剂drier防结皮剂anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent。

高分子材料工程专业英语翻译

高分子材料工程专业英语翻译

Unit 1 What are polymersWhat are polymers For one thing, they are complex and giant molecules and are different from low molecular weight compounds like, say, common salt.什么是高聚物首先,他们是合成物和大分子,而且不同于低分子化合物,譬如说普通的盐。

To contrast the difference, the molecular weight of common salt is only , while that of a polymer can be as high as several hundred thousand, even more than thousand thousands.与低分子化合物不同的是,普通盐的分子量仅仅是,而高聚物的分子量高于105,甚至大于106。

These big molecules or ‘macro-molecules’ are made up of much smaller molecu les, can be of one or more chemical compounds.这些大分子或“高分子”由许多小分子组成。

小分子相互结合形成大分子,大分子能够是一种或多种化合物。

To illustrate, imagine that a set of rings has the same size and is made of the same material. When these things are interlinked, the chain formed can be considered as representing a polymer from molecules of the same compound.举例说明,想象一组大小相同并由相同的材料制成的环。

高分子专业英语

高分子专业英语

高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照关键词:英语高分子词汇英汉对照序号中文英文1 高分子 macromolecule, polymer 又称"大分子"。

2 超高分子 supra polymer3 天然高分子 natural polymer4 无机高分子 inorganic polymer5 有机高分子 organic polymer6 无机-有机高分子 inorganic organic polymer7 金属有机聚合物 organometallic polymer8 元素高分子 element polymer9 高聚物 high polymer10 聚合物 polymer11 低聚物 oligomer 曾用名"齐聚物"。

12 二聚体 dimer13 三聚体 trimer14 调聚物 telomer15 预聚物 prepolymer16 均聚物 homopolymer17 无规聚合物 random polymer18 无规卷曲聚合物 random coiling polymer19 头-头聚合物 head-to-head polymer20 头-尾聚合物 head-to-tail polymer21 尾-尾聚合物 tail-to-tail polymer22 反式有规聚合物 transtactic polymer23 顺式有规聚合物 cistactic polymer24 规整聚合物 regular polymer25 非规整聚合物 irregular polymer26 无规立构聚合物 atactic polymer27 全同立构聚合物 isotactic polymer 又称"等规聚合物"。

28 间同立构聚合物 syndiotactic polymer 又称"间规聚合物"。

29 杂同立构聚合物 heterotactic polymer 又称"异规聚合物"。

高分子材料工程专业英语翻译

高分子材料工程专业英语翻译

Unit 1 What are polymers?What are polymers? For one thing, they are complex and giant molecules and are different from low molecular weight compounds like, say, common salt.什么是高聚物?首先,他们是合成物和大分子,而且不同于低分子化合物,譬如说普通的盐。

To contrast the difference, the molecular weight of common salt is only 58.5, while that of a polymer can be as high as several hundred thousand, even more than thousand thousands.与低分子化合物不同的是,普通盐的分子量仅仅是58.5,而高聚物的分子量高于105,甚至大于106。

These big molecules or ‘macro-molecules’ are made up of much sma ller molecules, can be of one or more chemical compounds.这些大分子或“高分子”由许多小分子组成。

小分子相互结合形成大分子,大分子能够是一种或多种化合物。

To illustrate, imagine that a set of rings has the same size and is made of the same material. When these things are interlinked, the chain formed can be considered as representing a polymer from molecules of the same compound.举例说明,想象一组大小相同并由相同的材料制成的环。

高分子材料专业英语单词及短语

高分子材料专业英语单词及短语
conductive material 导电材料;
with the advent of 随着...的出现;
cured resin 固化树脂
nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振
acidify 酸化
inorganic polymer 无机聚合物;
stretch 拉长,拉直;
fragment 碎屑 碎片
anionic 阴离子的
with respect to 关于 就..而言
polyesterification 聚
butyllithium 丁基锂
density 密度
functionalized polymer 功能聚合物;
acidic 酸性的;
distill 蒸馏
imagine n想象,推测
fiber 纤维;
elastic modulus 弹性模量;
radical polymerization 自由基型聚合
light scattering 光散射
be identical in..to 在...方面和...是相同
trans isomerism 反式异构
initiation n引发
titanium trichloride 三氯化钛
functional group 官能团
interest in.. ..的重大意义.
polysaccharide 多糖,聚糖
crystallite 微晶
bear in wind 牢记;
neutralize 使...中和
tacky 发粘的
dissociate 离解
catalyst 催化剂
isocyanate 异氰酸酯
olefinic adj 烯烃的

高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇

高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇

coiling type polymer30 双烯[类]聚合 diene polymerization 31加[成]聚[合] addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合 (曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization ,CRP 34 活性自由基聚合 living radical polymerization35原子转移自由基聚合 atom transfer radical polymerization ,ATRP 36反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization , RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer ,RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合 nitroxide mediated polymerization 39 稳定自由基聚合 stable free radical polymerization ,FRP 40 自由基异构化聚合 free radical isomerization polymerization 41 自由基开环聚合 radical ring opening polymerization 42氧化还原聚合 redox polymerization 43无活性端聚合,死端聚合 (曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光[致]聚合 photo polymerization45 光引发聚合 light initiated polymerization 46 光敏聚合 photosensitized polymerization 47 四中心聚合 four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合 charge transfer polymerization 49 辐射引发聚合 radiation initiated polymerization 50 热聚合 thermal polymerization51 电解聚合 electrolytic polymerization 52 等离子体聚合 plasma polymerization 53 易位聚合 metathesis polymerization54开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization ,ROMP 55 精密聚合 precision polymerization 56环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合 topochemical polymerization58平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization 59 离子[型]聚合ionic polymerization60辐射离子聚合 radiation ion polymerization 61离子对聚合 ion pair polymerization 62正离子聚合, 阳离子聚合 cationic polymerization63碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polympolymerization64假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerizat65假正离子活[性]聚合pseudo cationic living polym66 活性正离子聚合 living cationic polymerizatio 67负离子聚合,阴离子聚合 anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合 carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合 living anionic polymerization70负离子环化聚合 anionic cyclopolymerization71负离子电化学聚合 anionic electrochemical poly72 负离子异构化聚合 anionic isomerization polym 73 烯丙基聚合 allylic polymerization 74活[性]聚合 living polymerization 75 两性离子聚合 zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合 Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合 coordinated ionic polymeriz79 配位负离子聚合 coordinated anionic polymer80配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polyme 81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合,立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization,stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合 tactic polymerization 84 全同立构聚合 isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合 asymmetric induction polymerization 86 不对称选择性聚合 asymmetric selective polymerization 87 不对称立体选择性聚合 asymmetric stereoselective polymerization 88 对映[体]不对称聚合 enantioasymmetric polymerization 89 对映[体]对称聚合 enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合 isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合 hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合 group transfer polymerization ,GTP 93 消除聚合 elimination polymerization 94 模板聚合 matrix polymerization,template polymerization 95 插层聚合 intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合 uncatalyzed polymerization 97 开环聚合 ring opening polymerization 98 活性开环聚合 living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合 immortal polymerization 100酶聚合作用 enzymatic polymerization 101聚加成反应,逐步加成聚合 (曾用名)polyaddition102 偶联聚合 coupling polymerization 103 序列聚合sequential polymerization 104 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚 flash polymerization105 氧化聚合 oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合 oxidative coupling polymerization 107逐步[增长]聚合 step growth polymerization 108缩聚反应condensation polymerization , polycondensation109酯交换型聚合 transesterification type polyester exchange polycondensa110 自催化缩聚 autocatalytic polycondensati111均相聚合homogeneous polymerizatio112 非均相聚合 heterogeneous polymerizatio113 相转化聚合 phase inversion polymerizat114 本体聚合 bulk polymerization, mass p 115 固相聚合 solid phase polymerization 116气相聚合gaseous polymerization, gas phase polymerization 117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization 118 溶液聚合 solution polymerization119沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization 120 淤浆聚合 slurry polymerization 121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合 reversed phase suspension p123 珠状聚合 bead polymerization, pearl p 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合 inverse dispersion polymeriz 126 种子聚合 seeding polymerization 127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128无乳化剂乳液聚合 emulsifier free emulsion poly129 反相乳液聚合 inverse emulsion polymeriza130 微乳液聚合 micro emulsion polymerizat 131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132半连续聚合 semicontinuous polymerizat 133 分批聚合,间歇聚合 batch polymerization 134 原位聚合 in situ polymerization 135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚 activated polycondensation 137 熔融缩聚 melt phase polycondensation 138 固相缩聚 solid phase polycondensation 139 体型缩聚 three dimensional polycondensation 140 界面聚合 interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚 interfacial polycondensation 142 环加成聚合 cycloaddition polymerization 143 环烯聚合 cycloalkene polymerization 144 环硅氧烷聚合 cyclosiloxane polymerization 145 引发剂 initiator146 引发剂活性 activity of initiator 147 聚合催化剂 polymerization catalyst 148 自由基引发剂 radical initiator 149 偶氮[类]引发剂 azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈 2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰 benzoyl peroxide, BPO 152 过硫酸盐引发剂 persulphate initiator 153 复合引发体系 complex initiation system154氧化还原引发剂 redox initiator155电荷转移复合物,电荷转移络合物charge transfer complex, CTC 156 聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂 polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂 photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂 bifunctional initiator , difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂 trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂 macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂 initiator transfer agent, inifer 162 引发-转移-终止剂 initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂 thermoiniferter 165 正离子催化剂 cationic catalyst 166正离子引发剂cationic initiator 167 负离子引发剂 ionioic initiator 168共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂 alkyllithium initiator 170 负离子自由基引发剂 anion radical initiator 171 烯醇钠引发剂 alfin initiator 172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂 Ziegler Natta catalyst 173 过渡金属催化剂 transition metal catalyst 174 双组分催化剂 bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂 late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂 metal complex catalyst 177[二]茂金属催化剂 metallocene catalyst 178 甲基铝氧烷 methylaluminoxane, MAO179 μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂 bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides ca 180 双金属催化剂 bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属 bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂 constrained geometry metall183均相茂金属催化剂 homogeneous metallocene ca 184链引发 chain initiation 185 热引发thermal initiation186染料敏化光引发 dye sensitized phtoinitiation 187 电荷转移引发 charge transfer initiation 188 诱导期induction period 189引发剂效率 initiator efficiency 190诱导分解induced decomposition 191 再引发 reinitiation192链增长chain growth, chain propaga193 增长链端 propagating chain end 194 活性种 reactive species 195 活性中心 active center196 持续自由基 persistent radical197 聚合最高温度 ceilling temperature of polymerization198 链终止 chain termination 199 双分子终止 bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止 primary radical termination 201 扩散控制终止 diffusion controlled termination 202 歧化终止 disproportionation termination203 偶合终止 coupling termination 204 单分子终止 unimolecular termination 205 自发终止 spontaneous termination 206 终止剂 terminator207 链终止剂 chain terminating agent 208 假终止 pseudotermination 209 自发终止 self termination 210 自由基捕获剂 radical scavenger 211 旋转光闸法 rotating sector method 212 自由基寿命 free radical lifetime 213 凝胶效应 gel effect214 自动加速效应 autoacceleration effect 215 链转移 chain transfer 216 链转移剂 chain transfer agent 217 尾咬转移 backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移[反应] addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数 chain transfer constant 221①缓聚作用retardation②延迟作用 222 阻聚作用 inhibition 223 缓聚剂retarder 224缓聚剂,阻滞剂retarding agent 225 阻聚剂 inhibitor226 封端[反应]end capping 227端基terminal group 228 聚合动力学 polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学 polymerization thermodyna 230 聚合热heat of polymerization 231 共聚合[反应] copolymerization 232 二元共聚合 binary copolymerization 233 三元共聚合 ternary copolymerization 234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合 radical copolymerization 236 离子共聚合 ionic copolymerization 237 无规共聚合 random copolymerization 238 理想共聚合 ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合 alternating copolymerization240 恒[组]分共聚合 azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合 graft copolymerization 242 嵌段共聚合 block copolymerization243 开环共聚合 ring opening copolymerizati 244 共聚合方程 copolymerization equation 245共缩聚copolycondensation 246 逐步共聚合 step copolymerization 247 同种增长 homopropagation 248 自增长 self propagation 249交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布256 侧基反应257 扩链剂,链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄]硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation11 非规整嵌段 irregular block 12 立构嵌段 stereoblock 13 有规立构嵌段 isotactic block 14 无规立构嵌段 atactic block 15 单体单元 monomeric unit 16 二单元组 diad 17 三单元组 triad 18 四单元组 tetrad19 五单元组 pentad 20 无规线团 random coil 21 自由连接链 freely-jointed chain 22 自由旋转链 freely-rotating chain 23 蠕虫状链 worm-like chain 24 柔性链 flexible chain 25 链柔性 chain flexibility26 刚性链 rigid chain 27 棒状链 rodlike chain 28 链刚性 chain rigidity 29 聚集 aggregation 30 聚集体 aggregate 31 凝聚、聚集 coalescence 32 链缠结 chain entanglement 33 凝聚缠结 cohesional entanglement34 物理缠结 physical entanglement 35 拓扑缠结 topological entanglement 36 凝聚相 condensed phase37 凝聚态 condensed state 38 凝聚过程 condensing process39 临界聚集浓度 critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41 受限链 confined chain 42 受限态 confined state 43 物理交联 physical crosslinking 44 统计线团 statistical coil 45 等效链 equivalent chain 46 统计链段 statistical segment 47 链段 chain segment 48 链构象chain conformation 49 无规线团模型 random coil model 50 无规行走模型 random walk model 51 自避随机行走模型 self avoiding walk model 52 卷曲构象 coiled conformation 53 高斯链 Gaussian chain54 无扰尺寸 unperturbed dimension 55 扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56 热力学等效球 thermodynamically equivalent57 近程分子内相互作用 short-range intramolecular inte58 远程分子内相互作用 long-range intramolecular inter 59 链间相互作用 interchain interaction 60 链间距 interchain spacing 61 长程有序 long range order 62 近程有序 short range order 63 回转半径radius of gyration 64 末端间矢量 end-to-end vector 65 链末端 chain end66 末端距end-to-end distance67 无扰末端距 unperturbed end-to-end distanc68均方根末端距 root-mean-square end-to-end d 69 伸直长度 contour length 70相关长度persistence length71 主链;链骨架 chain backbone 72 支链 branch chain73 链支化 chain branching 74 短支链 short-chain branch75 长支链 long-chain branch 76 支化系数 branching index 77 支化密度 branching density 78 支化度 degree of branching 79 交联度 degree of crosslinking 80 网络 network 81 网络密度 network density 82 溶胀 swelling83 平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling 84 分子组装,分子组合 molecular assembly 85 自组装 self assembly 86 微凝胶 microgel 87 凝胶点 gel point 88 可逆[性]凝胶 reversible gel 89 溶胶-凝胶转化 sol-gel transformation90 临界胶束浓度 critical micelle concentration ,CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositional heterogenity92 摩尔质量平均 molar mass average又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight, number-average molar mass94 重均分子量weight-average molecular weight, weight-average molar mass95 Z 均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight, Z-molar mass96 黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight ,viscosity-average molar mass97 表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98 表观分子量 apparent molecular weight 99聚合度degree of polymerization 100 动力学链长 kinetic chain length 101 单分散性monodispersity102 临界分子量 critical molecular weight103 分子量分布 molecular weight distribution ,104 多分散性指数 polydispersity index ,PID105 平均聚合度 average degree of polymerizatio 106 质量分布函数 mass distribution function107 数量分布函数 number distribution function 108 重量分布函数 weight distribution function 109 舒尔茨-齐姆分布 Schulz-Zimm distribution 110 最概然分布 most probable distribution111 对数正态分布 logarithmic normal distribution 112 聚合物溶液 polymer solution113 聚合物-溶剂相互作用 polymer-solvent interaction114 溶剂热力学性质 thermodynamic quality of solve115 均方末端距 mean square end to end distanc116 均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration 117 θ温度 theta temperature 118 θ态 theta state 119 θ溶剂 theta solvent120 良溶剂good solvent121 不良溶剂poor solvent 122 位力系数Virial coefficient 123 排除体积excluded volume 124 溶胀因子 expansion factor 125 溶胀度degree of swelling 126 弗洛里-哈金斯理论 Flory-Huggins theory 127 哈金斯公式 Huggins equation128 哈金斯系数 Huggins coefficient 129 χ(相互作用)参数 χ-parameter 130 溶度参数 solubility parameter 131 摩擦系数 frictional coefficient132 流体力学等效球 hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133 流体力学体积 hydrodynamic volume 134 珠-棒模型 bead-rod model 135 球-簧链模型 ball-spring [chain] model136 流动双折射 flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137 动态光散射 dynamic light scattering138 小角激光光散射 low angle laser light scattering 139 沉降平衡 sedimentation equilibrium 140 沉降系数 sedimentation coefficient141 沉降速度法 sedimentation velocity method 142 沉降平衡法 sedimentation equilibrium method143 相对黏度 relative viscosity144 相对黏度增量 relative viscosity increment145 黏度比 viscosity ratio 146 黏数viscosity number147 [乌氏]稀释黏度计 [Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer 148 毛细管黏度计 capillary viscometer 149 落球黏度计 ball viscometer 150 落球黏度 ball viscosity 151 本体黏度 bulk viscosity 152 比浓黏度 reduced viscosity153 比浓对数黏度 inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscosity number154 特性黏数 intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155 黏度函数 viscosity function 156 零切变速率黏度 zero shear viscosity 157 端基分析analysis of end group158 蒸气压渗透法 vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159 辐射的相干弹性散射 coherent elastic scattering of ra 160 折光指数增量 refractive index increment 161 瑞利比Rayleigh ratio 162 超瑞利比 excess Rayleigh ratio 163 粒子散射函数 particle scattering function 164 粒子散射因子 particle scattering factor 165 齐姆图Zimm plot166 散射的非对称性 dissymmetry of scattering 167 解偏振作用 depolarization 168 分级 fractionation169 沉淀分级 precipitation fractionation 170 萃取分级extraction fractionation171 色谱分级 chromatographic fractionation 172 柱分级 column fractionation 173 洗脱分级,淋洗分级 elution fractionation 174 热分级thermal fractionation 175 凝胶色谱法 gel chromatography 176 摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177 溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法 solvent gradient [elution] chrom178 分子量排除极限 molecular weight exclusion limi 179 洗脱体积 elution volume 180 普适标定 universal calibration 181 加宽函数 spreading function 182 链轴chain axis 183 等同周期identity period184 链重复距离 chain repeating distance 185 晶体折叠周期 crystalline fold period 186 构象重复单元 conformational repeating unit 187 几何等效geometrical equivalence188 螺旋链 helix chain189 构型无序 configurational disorder 190 链取向无序 chain orientational disorder 191 构象无序 conformational disorder 192 锯齿链 zigzag chain 193 双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194 [分子]链大尺度取向 global chain orientation 195 结晶聚合物 crystalline polymer 196 半结晶聚合物 semi-crystalline polymer 197 高分子晶体 polymer crystal198 高分子微晶 polymer crystallite199 结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity200 高分子[异质]同晶现象 macromolecular isomorphism 201 聚合物形态学 morphology of polymer 202 片晶 lamella, lamellar crystal 203 轴晶 axialite 204 树枝[状]晶体 dendrite 205 纤维晶 fibrous crystal 206 串晶结构 shish-kebab structure 207 球晶 spherulite 208 折叠链 folded chain 209 链折叠 chain folding 210 折叠表面 fold surface 211 折叠面 fold plane 212 折叠微区 fold domain213 相邻再入模型 adjacent re-entry model 214 接线板模型 switchboard model 215 缨状微束模型 fringed-micelle model 216 折叠链晶体 folded-chain crystal 217 平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218 伸展链晶体 extended-chain crystal 219 球状链晶体 globular-chain crystal 220 长周期 long period221 近程结构 short-range structure 222 远程结构 long-range structure 223 成核作用nucleation224 分子成核作用 molecular nucleation 225 阿夫拉米方程 Avrami equation 226 主结晶 primary crystallization 227 后期结晶secondary crystallization 228 外延结晶,附生结晶epitaxial crystallization 229 外延晶体生长,附生晶体生长epitaxial growth230 织构 texture231 液晶态 liquid crystal state 232 溶致性液晶 lyotopic liquid crystal 233 热致性液晶 thermotropic liquid crystal 234 热致性介晶 thermotropic mesomorphism 235 近晶相液晶 smectic liquid crystal 236 近晶中介相 smectic mesophase 237 近晶相 smectic phase 238 条带织构 banded texture 239 环带球晶 ringed spherulite 240 向列相 nematic phase 241 盘状相 discotic phase 242 解取向 disorientation 243 分聚 segregation 244 非晶相 amorphous phase 245 非晶区 amorphous region 246 非晶态 amorphous state 247 非晶取向amorphous orientation248 链段运动 segmental motion 249 亚稳态 metastable state 250 相分离 phase separation 251 亚稳相分离 spinodal decomposition 252 bimodal decomposition 253 微相 microphase 254 界面相 boundary phase 255 相容性 compatibility 256 混容性 miscibility 257 不相容性 incompatibility 258 不混容性 immiscibility 259 增容作用compatiibilization260 最低临界共溶(溶解)温度 lower critical solution temperature, LCST 261 最高临界共溶(溶解)温度 upper critical solution temperature , UCST 262 浓度猝灭 concentration quenching 263 激基缔合物荧光 excimer fluorescence 264 激基复合物荧光 exciplex fluorescence265 激光共聚焦荧光显微镜 laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266 单轴取向 uniaxial orientation267 双轴取向 biaxial orientation, biorientation 268 取向度 degree of orientation 269 橡胶态 rubber state 270 玻璃态 glassy state 271 高弹态 elastomeric state 272 黏流态 viscous flow state 273 伸长 elongation274 高弹形变high elastic deformation 275 回缩性,弹性复原 nerviness276 拉伸比 draw ratio, extension ratio 277 泊松比Poisson's ratio278 杨氏模量 Young's modulus 279 本体模量 bulk modulus 280 剪切模量 shear modulus 281 法向应力 normal stress 282 剪切应力 shear stress 283 剪切应变 shear strain 284 屈服 yielding 285 颈缩现象 necking 286 屈服应力 yield stress 287 屈服应变 yield strain 288 脆性断裂 brittle fracture 289 脆性开裂brittle cracking 290 脆-韧转变 brittle ductile transition291 脆化温度 brittleness(brittle) temperature 292 延性破裂 ductile fracture 293 冲击强度 impact strength 294 拉伸强度tensile strength295 极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength 296 抗撕强度tearing strength297 弯曲强度 flexural strength, bending stren 298 弯曲模量 bending modulus 299 弯曲应变 bending strain 300 弯曲应力 bending stress 301 收缩开裂 shrinkage crack 302 剪切强度 shear strength 303 剥离强度 peeling strength304 疲劳强度 fatigue strength, fatigue resista 305 挠曲 deflection306 压缩强度compressive strength 307 压缩永久变形compression set308 压缩变形 compressive deformation 309 压痕硬度 indentation hardness 310 洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness 311 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness 312 抗刮性 scrath resistance 313 断裂力学 fracture mechanics 314 力学破坏 mechanical failure 315 应力强度因子 stress intensity factor 316 断裂伸长 elongation at break 317 屈服强度 yield strength 318 断裂韧性 fracture toughness 319 弹性形变 elastic deformation 320 弹性滞后 elastic hysteresis 321 弹性 elasticity322 弹性模量 modulus of elasticity 323 弹性回复 elastic recovery324 不可回复形变 irrecoverable deformation325 裂缝 crack 俗称“龟裂” 326 银纹 craze327 形变;变形 deformation 328 永久变形 deformation set 329 剩余变形 residual deformation 330 剩余伸长 residual stretch 331 回弹,回弹性 resilience332 延迟形变 retarded deformation 333 延迟弹性 retarded elasticity 334 可逆形变 reversible deformation335 应力开裂 stress cracking 336 应力-应变曲线 stress strain curve 337 拉伸应变stretching strain338 拉伸应力弛豫 tensile stress relaxation 339 热历史 thermal history 340 热收缩 thermoshrinking341 扭辫分析 torsional braid analysis ,TBA 342 应力致白 stress whitening 343 应变能 strain energy 344 应变张量 strain tensor 345 剩余应力 residual stress 346 应变硬化 strain hardening 347 应变软化 strain softening 348 电流变液 electrorheological fluid 349 假塑性 pseudoplastic 350 拉胀性 auxiticity 351 牛顿流体Newtonian fluid 352 非牛顿流体 non-Newtonian fluid 353 宾汉姆流体 Bingham fluid 354 冷流cold flow355 牛顿剪切黏度 Newtonian shear viscosity 356 剪切黏度shear viscosity357 表观剪切黏度 apparent shear viscosity 358 剪切变稀 shear thinning 359 触变性 thixotropy360 塑性形变 plastic deformation 361 塑性流动 plastic flow 362 体积弛豫 volume relaxation 363 拉伸黏度 extensional viscosity 364 黏弹性viscoelasticity 365 线性黏弹性 linear viscoelasticity 366 非线性黏弹性 non-linear viscoelasticity 367 蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数387介电损耗因子388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度395开尔文模型Kelvin model396麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model397时-温叠加原理修订统计:。

高分子材料工程专业英语词汇及部分课文翻译

高分子材料工程专业英语词汇及部分课文翻译

专业英语词汇accordion 手风琴 activation 活化(作用)addition polymer 加成聚合物,加聚物 aggravate 加重,恶化 agitation 搅拌 agrochemical 农药,化肥 Alfin catalyst 醇(碱金属)烯催化剂 align 排列成行 aliphatic 脂肪(族)的 alkali metal 碱金属 allyl 烯丙基aluminum alkyl 烷基铝 amidation 酰胺化(作用) amino 氨基,氨基的 amorphous 无定型的,非晶体的 anionic 阴(负)离子的 antioxidant 抗氧剂 antistatic agent 抗静电剂 aromatic 芳香(族)的 arrangement (空间)排布,排列 atactic 无规立构的 attraction 引力,吸引 backbone 主链,骨干 behavior 性能,行为 biological 生物(学)的 biomedical 生物医学的bond dissociation energy 键断裂能 boundary 界限,范围 brittle 脆的,易碎的 butadiene 丁二烯 butyllithium 丁基锂 calendering 压延成型 calendering 压延 carboxyl 羧基 carrier 载体catalyst 催化剂,触媒 categorization 分类(法) category 种类,类型 cation 正[阳]离子cationic 阳(正)离子的 centrifuge 离心 chain reaction 连锁反应 chain termination 链终止 char 炭 characterize 表征成为…的特征 chilled water 冷冻水 chlorine 氯(气) coating 涂覆 cocatalyst 助催化剂 coil 线团 coiling 线团状的 colligative 依数性 colloid 胶体 commence 开始,着手 common salt 食盐 complex 络合物 compliance 柔量 condensation polymer 缩合聚合物,缩聚物conductive material 导电材料 conformation 构象 consistency 稠度,粘稠度 contaminant 污物 contour 外形,轮廓controlled release 控制释放 controversy 争论,争议 conversion 转化率 conversion 转化 copolymer 共聚物 copolymerization 共聚(合) corrosion inhibitor 缓释剂 countercurrent 逆流 crosslinking 交联 crystal 基体,结晶 crystalline 晶体,晶态,结晶的,晶态的crystalline 结晶的 crystallinity 结晶性,结晶度 crystallite 微晶 decomposition 分解 defect 缺陷 deformability 变形性,变形能力 deformation 形变 deformation 变形degree of polymerization 聚合度 dehydrogenate 使脱氢 density 密度depolymerization 解聚 deposit 堆积物,沉积 depropagation 降解 dewater 脱水diacid 二(元)酸 diamine 二(元)胺 dibasic 二元的 dieforming 口模成型 diffraction 衍射 diffuse 扩散 dimension 尺寸 dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性 dimer 二聚物(体) diol 二(元)醇 diolefin 二烯烃 disintegrate 分解,分散,分离 dislocation 错位,位错 dispersant 分散剂 dissociate 离解 dissolution 溶解dissolve 使…溶解distort 使…变形,扭曲 double bond 双键dough (生)面团,揉好的面 drug 药品,药物elastic modulus 弹性模量 elastomer 弹性体 eliminate 消除,打开,除去 elongation 伸长率,延伸率 entanglement 缠结,纠缠 entropy 熵 equilibrium 平衡 esterification 酯化(作用) evacuate 撤出 extrusion 注射成型 extrusion 挤出 fiber 纤维flame retardant 阻燃剂 flexible 柔软的flocculating agent 絮凝剂folded-chain lamella theory 折叠链片晶理论 formulation 配方 fractionation 分级 fragment 碎屑,碎片 fringed-micelle theory 缨状微束理论 functional group 官能团 functional polymer 功能聚合物 functionalized polymer 功能聚合物 gel 凝胶glass transition temperature 玻璃化温度 glassy 玻璃(态)的 glassy 玻璃态的 glassy state 玻璃态 globule 小球,液滴,颗粒 growing chain 生长链,活性链 gyration 旋转,回旋 hardness 硬度 heat transfer 热传递 heterogeneous 不均匀的,非均匀的 hydocy acid 羧基酸 hydrogen 氢(气) hydrogen bonding 氢键 hydrostatic 流体静力学 hydroxyl 烃基 hypothetical 假定的,理想的,有前提的 ideal 理想的,概念的 imagine 想象,推测imbed 嵌入,埋入,包埋 imperfect 不完全的 improve 增进,改善 impurity 杂质 indispensable 不了或缺的 infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱法 ingredient 成分 initiation (链)引发 initiator 引发剂inorganic polymer 无机聚合物 interaction 相互作用 interchain 链间的interlink 把…相互连接起来连接 intermittent 间歇式的 intermolecular (作用于)分子间的 intrinsic 固有的 ion 离子ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂 ionic 离子的 ionic polymerization 离子型聚合 irradiation 照射,辐射 irregularity 不规则性,不均匀的 isobutylene 异丁烯 isocyanate 异氰酸酯 isopropylate 异丙醇金属,异丙氧化金属isotactic 等规立构的 isotropic 各项同性的 kinetic chain length 动力学链长 kinetics 动力学 latent 潜在的light scattering 光散射 line 衬里,贴面 liquid crystal 液晶macromelecule 大分子,高分子 matrix 基体,母体,基质,矩阵 mean-aquare end-to-end distance 均方末端距mechanical property 力学性能,机械性能mechanism 机理medium 介质中等的,中间的 minimise 最小化 minimum 最小值,最小的 mo(u)lding 模型 mobility 流动性 mobilize 运动,流动 model 模型 modify 改性molecular weight 分子量 molecular weight distribution 分子量分布molten 熔化的monofunctional 单官能度的 monomer 单体 morphology 形态(学) moulding 模塑成型 neutral 中性的 nonelastic 非弹性的nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振 nuclear track detector 核径迹探测器 number average molecular weight 数均分子量occluded 夹杂(带)的 olefinic 烯烃的optimum 最佳的,最佳值[点,状态] orient 定向,取向 orientation 定向 oxonium 氧鎓羊 packing 堆砌 parameter 参数 parison 型柸pattern 花纹,图样式样 peculiarity 特性 pendant group 侧基 performance 性能,特征 permeability 渗透性pharmaceutical 药品,药物,药物的,医药的phenyl sodium 苯基钠 phenyllithium 苯基锂 phosgene 光气,碳酰氯 photosensitizer 光敏剂 plastics 塑料 platelet 片晶 polyamide 聚酰胺 polybutene 聚丁烯polycondensation 缩(合)聚(合) polydisperse 多分散的 polydispersity 多分散性polyesterification 聚酯化(作用) polyethylene 聚乙烯 polyfunctional 多官能度的 polymer 聚合物【体】,高聚物 polymeric 聚合(物)的 polypropylene 聚苯烯 polystyrene 聚苯乙烯 polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇 polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯 porosity 多孔性,孔隙率 positive 正的,阳(性)的 powdery 粉状的 processing 加工,成型 purity 纯度 pyrolysis 热解 radical 自由基radical polymerization 自由基聚合 radius 半径 random coil 无规线团 random decomposition 无规降解 reactent 反应物,试剂reactive 反应性的,活性的 reactivity 反应性,活性 reactivity ratio 竞聚率 real 真是的 release 解除,松开 repeating unit 重复单元 retract 收缩 rubber 橡胶 rubbery 橡胶态的 rupture 断裂 saturation 饱和 scalp 筛子,筛分 seal 密封secondary shaping operation 二次成型 sedimentation 沉降(法) segment 链段 segment 链段semicrystalline 半晶 settle 沉淀,澄清 shaping 成型 side reaction 副作用 simultaneously 同时,同步 single bond 单键 slastic parameter 弹性指数 slurry 淤浆 solar energy 太阳能 solubility 溶解度 solvent 溶剂 spacer group 隔离基团 sprinkle 喷洒 squeeze 挤压srereoregularity 立构规整性【度】 stability 稳定性 stabilizer 稳定剂 statistical 统计的step-growth polymerization 逐步聚合 stereoregular 有规立构的,立构规整性的stoichiometric 当量的,化学计算量的 strength 强度stretch 拉直,拉长 stripping tower 脱单塔 subdivide 细分区分 substitution 取代,代替 surfactant 表面活性剂 swell 溶胀 swollen 溶胀的 synthesis 合成 synthesize 合成 synthetic 合成的tacky (表面)发粘的 ,粘连性 tanker 油轮,槽车tensile strength 抗张强度 terminate (链)终止tertiary 三元的,叔(特)的tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃 texture 结构,组织 thermoforming 热成型 thermondynamically 热力学地 thermoplastic 热塑性的 thermoset 热固性的three-dimensionally ordered 三维有序的 titanium tetrachloride 四氯化钛 titanium trichloride 三氯化铁 torsion 转矩transfer (链)转移,(热)传递 triethyloxonium-borofluoride 三乙基硼氟酸羊trimer 三聚物(体)triphenylenthyl potassium 三苯甲基钾 ultracentrifugation 超速离心(分离) ultrasonic 超声波 uncross-linked 非交联的 uniaxial 单轴的 unsaturated 不饱和的 unzippering 开链 urethane 氨基甲酸酯 variation 变化,改变 vinyl 乙烯基(的) vinyl chloride 氯乙烯 vinyl ether 乙烯基醚 viscoelastic 黏弹性的 viscoelastic state 黏弹态 viscofluid state 黏流态 viscosity 黏度viscosity average molecular weight 黏均分子量viscous 粘稠的 vulcanization 硫化weight average molecular weight 重均分子量X-ray x射线 x光 yield 产率Young's modulus 杨氏模量课文翻译第一单元什么是高聚物?什么是高聚物?首先,他们是合成物和大分子,而且不同于低分子化合物,譬如说普通的盐。

高分子专业英语

高分子专业英语

高分子专业英语词汇英汉对照关键词:英语高分子词汇英汉对照序号中文英文1 高分子macromolecule, polymer 又称"大分子"。

2 超高分子supra polymer3 天然高分子natural polymer4 无机高分子inorganic polymer5 有机高分子organic polymer6 无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7 金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer8 元素高分子element polymer9 高聚物high polymer10 聚合物polymer11 低聚物oligomer 曾用名"齐聚物"。

12 二聚体dimer13 三聚体trimer14 调聚物telomer15 预聚物prepolymer16 均聚物homopolymer17 无规聚合物random polymer18 无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer19 头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer20 头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer21 尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer22 反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer23 顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer24 规整聚合物regular polymer25 非规整聚合物irregular polymer26 无规立构聚合物atactic polymer27 全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer 又称"等规聚合物"。

28 间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer 又称"间规聚合物"。

29 杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer 又称"异规聚合物"。

30 有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称"有规聚合物"。

最全版高分子物理名词中英对照

最全版高分子物理名词中英对照

最全版高分子物理名词中英对照-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN第一章高分子链的结构aeolotropy 各向异性anti-configuration 反型;反式构型atactic polymer 无规(立构)聚合物average root-mean-square 均方根backbone 主链backbone motion 主链运动backbone structure 主链结构branched polymer 支化聚合物carbon chain 碳链chain conformation 链构象chain element 链单元;链节cis-configuration 顺式构型cis-isomer 顺式异构体cis-isomerism 顺式异构现象cis-stereoisomer 顺式立体异构体cis-trans isomerism 顺-反(式)异构现象cis-trans isomerization 顺反异构化characterization [1]表征;表征法 [2]检定;检定法configuration 构型conformation 构象covalent bond 共价键cross link 交联;交联键cross linkage 交联crosslinked network 交联网crosslinked polymer 交联聚合物differential thermal analysis 差热分析differential thermogravimetric analysis 微分热重分析differential thermogravimetrie curve 微分热重曲线degree of isotacticity 全同(立构)规整度degree of order 有序度degree of syndiotacticity 间同(立构)规整度degree of tacticity 构型规整度diisotactic 双全同立构的direction of orientation 取向方向end-to-end distance 末端距fork chain 支链fork group 支基equitactic polymer 全同间同(立构)等量聚合物erythro-diisotactic 叠(同)双重全同立构eutacticity 理想的构型规整性degree of isomerization 异构化程度flexibility 柔性;柔顺性free internal rotation 自由内旋转freely jointed chain 自由连接链functional group 功能基;官能团Gauss chain 高斯链Gauss distribution 高斯分布Gaussian chain 高斯链Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian network 高斯网络non-Gaussian Chain 非高斯链non-Gaussian distribution 非高斯分布geometrical isomer 几何异构体geometrical regularity 几何规整度graft 接枝物graft block copolymer 接枝嵌段共聚物graft copolymer 接枝共聚物graft copolymerization 接枝共聚graftomer 接枝聚合物graft polymerization 接枝聚合head-tail sequence 头尾顺序head-to-head 头-头接head-to-head polymer 头-头接聚合物head-to-tail polymer 头-尾接聚合物hot setting resin 热固性树脂isotactic 全同立构;等规立构isotactic chain 全同立构链isotactic configuration 全同立构型isotacticity 全同立构规整度isotactic polymer 全同立构聚合物iso-trans-tactic 反式全同立构linear chain 直链linear chain polymer 直链聚合物linear copolymer 线形共聚物linear macromolecule 线形大分子linear molecule 线形分子linear polymer 线形聚合物high polymer 高聚物half polymer 低聚物highly branched chain 高度支化链heat of crystallization 结晶热flexible linear macromolecule 柔性线形大分子flexible side group 柔性侧基interpolymer 共聚体long chain branching 长链支化long chain molecule 长链分子holotactic 全规整macromolecular 大分子的;高分子的macromolecular compound 大分子化合物;高分子化合物macromolecule 大分子;高分子main chain 主链main polymer chain 聚合物主链molecular bond 分子键molecular configuration 分子构型monomer 单体mutamer 旋光异构体mean square end to end distance 均方末端距nonlinear polymer 非线型聚合物net structure 网状结构network polymer 网状聚合物network structure 网状结构optical isomer 旋光异构体;旋光异构物ordered structure 有序结构random copolymer 无规共聚物polymer chain 聚合物链;高分子链polymer single crystal 聚合物primary structure 一级结构;初级结构regularity 规则性;整齐度distance 均方根末端距rotamerism 几何异构现象;旋转异构现象rigid chain 刚性链rigid macromolecule 刚性大分子straight-chain polymer 直链聚合物secondary structure 二级结构syndiotactic 间同立构的syndiotactic polymer 间同立构聚合物stability 稳定性star polymer 星形聚合物statistical copolymer 无规共聚物spatial structure 空间结构sub-chain motion 链段运动trans isomerism 反式异构(现tertiary structure 三级结构unperturbed chain dimension 未受扰分子链尺寸;无扰分子链尺寸valence bond 价键valence distance (=bond length) 键长;键距laevo-configuration 左旋构型microstructure of polymer 聚合物的微结构microtacticity 微观规整性short range structure 近程结构molecular motion 分子运动molecular model 分子模型第二章高分子的聚集态结构intermolecular attraction 分子间引力hydrogen bond 氢键amorphous 非晶的;无定形的amorphous birefringence 非晶双折射amorphous material 非晶材料;无定形材料amorphous phase 非晶相amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous region 非晶区;无定形区axial orientation 沿轴取向auto-orientation mechanism 自取向机理biaxial orientation 双轴取向biaxial stretch 双轴拉伸crystal 结晶;晶体crystal angle 晶角crystal defect 晶体缺陷crystal diffraction 晶体衍射crystal grain 晶粒crystal lattice 晶格crystalline copolymer 结晶共聚物crystalline orientation 晶体取向crystalline polymer 结晶聚合物crystalline portion 结晶部分crystalline region 晶区crystalline structure 晶体结构crystallinity 结晶性;结晶度crystallite 微晶;晶粒crystallite dimension 晶粒尺寸crystallite size distribution 晶粒大小分布crystallizable polymer (能)结晶聚合物crystallization 结晶(作用)crystallization rate 结晶速率crystallization temperature 结晶温度crystallize 结晶cubic system 立方晶系chain folding 链折叠chain-folded lamellae 折叠链片晶degree of crystallinity 结晶度程度degree of orientation 取向度diffraction 衍射diffraction angle 衍射角diffraction pattern 衍射图形;衍射花样diffractometer 衍射仪extended chain crystal 伸直链electron microscope 电子显微镜expanded material 发泡材料; 晶体birefringence 双折射density crystallinity 密度结晶度folded chain 折叠链folded chain crystal 折叠链晶体folded chain lamellae 折叠链晶片folded chain model 折叠链模型folded configuration 折叠构型folding length 折叠链长度liquid crystal 液晶lamellae 片晶lamellae structure 片晶结构lattice 晶格;点阵lattice constant 晶格常数lattice energy 晶格能lattice model 晶格模型lattice structure 晶格结构monoclinic 单斜(晶)的mono-crystalline 单晶的morphological structure 形态结构molecular orientation 分子取向non-crystallizable polymer 非结晶聚合物one-way orientation 单向取向orientated polymer 取向聚合物orientated polymerization 取向聚合orientation 取向orthorhombic unit cell 斜方晶胞platelets 片晶polarize 起偏(振)镜;起偏光镜polarizing microscope 偏(振)光显微镜polaroid (人造)偏振片[物];起偏振片single crystal 单晶small angle scattering 小角散射第三章高分子溶液viscometry 粘度法gelatination 胶凝(作用);胶凝化gel point 凝胶点coacervation 凝聚coagulation point 凝固点;凝结点equilibrium swelling 平衡溶胀heat of solution 溶解热gel 凝胶;冻胶ideal solution 理想溶液fractional precipitation 分级沉淀fractional solution 分级溶解fractionation 分级non-ideal solution 非理想溶液solubility 溶解性;可溶性solubility parameter 溶度参数soluble polymer 可溶性聚合物dilute solution 稀溶液dilute solution theory 稀溶液理论dilution free energy 稀释自由能dilution heat 稀释热dilution viscometer 稀释粘度计free energy 自由能free energy of mixing 混合自由能entropy of mixing 混合熵polar polymer 极性聚合物第四章高聚物的分子量和分子量分布average molecular weight 平均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量weight average molecular weight 重(量平)均分子量apparent molecular weight 表观分子量critical entanglement molecular weight 临界缠结分子量end effect 末端效应end group 端基end group method 端基法[测分子量]intrinsic viscosity 特性粘数intrinsic viscosity number 特性粘数narrow molecular weight distribution 窄分子量分布mean molecular weight 平均分子量molecular weight 分子量molecular weight determination 分子量测定molecular weight distribution 分子量分布molecular weight distribution curve 分子量分布曲线number average molecular weight 数均分子量scattering angle 散射角relative viscosity 相对粘度viscometric average molecular weight 粘均分子量viscosity 粘度viscosity-average molecular weight 粘均分子量viscous 粘的;粘性的logarithmic viscosity number 比浓对数粘度kinematic viscosity 比密粘度non-polar polymer 非极性聚合物interfacial tension 界面张力density gradient column 密度梯度管density gradient sedimentation 密度梯度沉降法density gradient tube 密度梯度管concentration gradient 浓度梯度第五章聚合物的转变与松弛stress relaxation 应力松弛stress-strain curve 应力-应变曲线deformability 变形性deformation 形变;变形deformation band (滑移)形变带continuous stress relaxation 连续应力松弛characteristic relaxation time 特征松弛时间discrete relaxation time 离散松弛时间epitaxy 外延;取向生长glasslike polymer 类玻璃聚合物glass point 玻璃点glass temperature 玻璃化(转变)温度glass transition 玻璃化转变glass transition region 玻璃化转变区glass transition temperature 玻璃化转变温度glassy compliance 玻璃态柔量glassy modulus 玻璃态模量glassy polymer 玻璃态聚合物glassy state 玻璃态half-crystallization time 半结晶期half life period 半衰期fractional free volume 自由体积分数free volume 自由体积noncrystalline 非晶的noncrystalline region 非晶区kinetic of crystallization 结晶动力学nuclei [复]核;晶核nucleus ([复] nuclei)核;晶核nucleus formation (晶)核生成(作用)rubbery plateau zone 橡胶高弹区rubbery state 橡胶态rubbery plateau zone 橡胶高弹区rubbery state 橡胶态rate of crystal growth 晶体生长速率transition zone 转变区compression deformation 压缩变形compression modulus 压缩模量heterogeneous nucleation 异相成核dimensionless glass transition 无量纲玻璃化转变thermo-mechanical curve 热机(械)曲线;温度形变曲线permanent deformation 永久变形non-reversible deformation 不可逆形变;永久形变thermal deformation 热变形thermal degradation 热降解thermal dilation 热膨胀compression set 压缩变形initial modulus 起始模量initial tangent modulus 起始切线模量instantaneous compliance 瞬时柔量instantaneous deformation 瞬时形变instantaneous elasticity 瞬时弹性instantaneous elastic recovery 瞬时弹性回复instantaneous modulus 瞬时模量dynamic mechanical double glass transition 动态力学双重玻璃化转变delayed deformation 延迟形变recrystallization 再结晶(作用)relative deformation 相对形变relative elongation 相对伸长thermogravimetric curve 热重(分析)曲线;温度重量曲线第六章橡胶弹性anisotropic 各向异性的anisotropy 各向异性(现象)blend [1]共混物 [2]共混blending polymer 共混聚合物dynamic elasticity 动态弹性delayed elasticity 延迟弹性elastic 弹性的elastic anisotropy 弹性各向异性elastic compliance 弹性柔量elastic constant 弹性常数elastic deformation 弹性形变elastic elongation 弹性伸长elastic extension 弹性延伸elastic isotropy 弹性各向同性elasticity 弹性elasticity modulus 弹性模量elastic property 高弹性elastomer 高弹体;弹性体elastomeric state 橡胶高弹态;高弹态high elastic deformation 高弹形变high elasticity 高弹性high elastic rubber 高弹性橡胶long range elasticity 高弹性ideal elasticity 理想弹性ideal elastomer 理想弹性体non-elastic deformation 非弹性形变initial elasticity 初弹性;瞬时弹性perfect elastic body 理想弹性体modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of rigidity 刚性模量temporary set(高)弹性形变dynamic resilience 动态弹性回复dynamic rigidity 动态刚度;动态刚性rubber elastic behavior 橡胶弹性行为;高弹行为entropic deformation mechanism 熵变形机理entropy-elastic deformation 熵弹形变entropy elasticity 熵弹性entropy spring 熵弹簧nature rubber 天然橡胶non-Hookean elasticity 非虎克弹性natural cis-polyisoprene 天然顺式聚异戊二烯;天然橡胶natural draw ratio 固有拉伸比;自然拉伸比one-way drawing 单向牵伸draw 拉伸draw ratio 拉伸比Poisson’s ratio 泊松比第七章聚合物的粘弹性anelasticity 滞弹性dynamic compliance 动态柔量dynamic creep 动态蠕变dynamic mechanical behavior 动态力学行为dynamic mechanical property 动态力学性能dynamic mechanical test 动态力学试验Boltzmann superposition principle 波尔兹曼叠加原理relaxation phenomenon 松弛现象relaxation spectra 松弛(时间)谱relaxation time 松弛时间retardation time 推迟时间retarded elasticity 推迟弹性superposition principle 叠加原理nature time (=relaxation itme) 松弛时间;自然时间non-linear viscoelasticity 非线性粘弹性recovery creep 回复蠕变principle of superposition 叠加原理time of relaxation 松驰时间time-temperature equivalent principle 时-温等效原理time-temperature superposition principle 时-温叠加原理creep 蠕变creep compliance 蠕变柔量creep curve 蠕变曲线dashpot 粘壶dynamic modulus 动态模量dynamics 动力学dynamic state 动态dynamic viscoelastometer 动态粘弹谱仪dynamic viscosity 动态粘度;动力粘度elastoviscometer 弹性粘度计elasto-viscous system 弹粘体系elastoviscous polymer 弹粘性聚合物distribution of retardation times 推迟时间分布Hookean elasticity 虎克弹性Hookean spring 虎克弹簧immediate set 瞬时变形initial creep 起始蠕变mechanical relaxation 力学松弛viscous elasticity 粘弹性stickiness 粘性compression stress relaxation 压缩应力松弛maximum relaxation time 极大松弛时间distribution of relaxation times 松弛时间分布stretch(ing) 拉伸tangent of the loss angle 损耗角正切mechanical loss factor 力学损耗因子loss angle 损耗角loss factor 损耗因子loss modulus 损耗模量loss tangent 损耗角正切intermittent stress relaxation 间断应力松弛discrete viscoelastic spectra 离散粘弹谱lastics [1]塑料 [2]弹塑料;弹塑(性)体damping 阻尼;减幅damping factor 阻尼因子distortion 扭变;畸变;双定向的第八章聚合物的屈服和断裂work-to-break 断裂功yield 屈服yield strength 屈服强度yield stress 屈服应力Young’s modulus 杨氏模量root-mean-square end-to-end rupture mechanism 断裂机理;破坏机理modulus of rupture (=flexural strength) 抗弯强度;挠曲强度unnotched Izod impact strength 无缺口悬臂梁式抗冲击强度impact strength 冲击强度crack [1]裂缝;龟裂;裂纹 [2]裂化craze 银纹load-elongation curve 载荷-伸长曲线fissure 裂缝;裂隙flexing resistance 抗挠性;耐屈挠性flexural modulus 挠曲模量flexural strength 挠曲强度fluid resin 液态树脂fracture 断裂;破裂fracture energy 断裂能fracture mechanism 断裂机理fracture surface energy 断裂表面能fracture toughness 断裂韧性fragility 脆性;易碎性friability 脆性;易碎性friction 摩擦frictional damping 摩擦阻尼fringe 条纹elongation 伸长extended length 伸展长度extension 伸长;延伸extension at break 断裂伸长extension modulus 拉伸模量extension ratio 拉伸比fabricability 加工性failure 破裂;破坏fatigue 疲劳fatigue cracking 疲劳龟裂fatigue curve 疲劳曲线fatigue failure 疲劳破坏fatigue strength 疲劳强度fatigue test 疲劳试验faying surface 接触面bending modulus 弯曲(弹性)模量bend(ing) strength 弯曲强度bend(ing) stress 弯曲应力breaking elongation 断裂伸长第九章聚合物的流变性rheology 流变学rheometer 流变仪anti-swelling 抗溶胀性anti-thixotropy0 非触变性;非摇溶(现象)apparent area 表观面积apparent density 表观密度apparent fluidity 表观流度apparent viscosity 表观粘度die swell(ing) 挤出胀大;模口胀大die swell ratio 挤出胀大比dilatability 膨胀性dilatate 膨胀dynamic (=dynamical) [1]动态的 [2]动力学的dynamic chemorheology 动态化学流变学flowability 流动性flow behavior 流动行为;流动特性flow birefringence 流动双折射flow curve 流动曲线flow diagram 流动图flow index 流动指数flow line 流线flow temperature 流动温度fluid 流体fluid mechanics 流体力学hydrodynamics 流体力学hydronamic orientation 流体力学取向non-recoverable flow 不可逆流动;塑性流动pseudo-plastic fluid 假塑性流体pseudo-plasticity 假塑性;非宾汉塑料pseudo-viscosity 假粘度;非牛顿粘度pure viscous flow 纯粘性流动rate of shear 剪切(变)速率melt crystallization 熔融结晶melt elasticity 熔体弹性melten polymer 熔融聚合物melt flow index 熔体流动指数melt fracture 熔体破裂melt index 熔体指数melting temperature 熔融温度melting viscosity 熔融粘度melt rheology 熔体流变学melt viscosity 熔体粘度telescopic flow 层流viscous flow 粘流drag flow 粘性流动Bingham body 宾汉体Bingham flow 宾汉流动Bingham model 宾汉模型Bingham plastic fluid 宾汉塑性流体Bingham’s yield value 宾汉屈服值Bingham viscometer 宾汉粘度计extrude 挤出;挤压;压出extruding machine 挤出机extrusion 挤出;挤压extrusion molding 挤出成形extrusion swelling 挤出胀大capillary extrusion rheometer 毛细管挤出流变计necking (cold drawing) 颈缩(冷拉);细颈现象Newtonian behavior 牛顿行为Newtonian flow 牛顿流动[纯粘性流动] Newtonian liquid 牛顿液体Newtonian viscosity 牛顿粘度non-homogeneous 不均匀的non-Newtonian behavior 非牛顿行为non-Newtonian liquid 非牛顿液体shear 剪切;切变shear-banding 剪切带shear deformation 剪切形变shear elasticity (=shear modulus) 剪切模量shear stress 剪切应力shear viscosity 剪切粘度plastic flow 塑性流动plastic fluid 塑性液体torsional moment 扭矩torsional pendulum 扭摆torsional vibration rheometer 扭转振动流变仪smelting 熔炼;熔化softening 软化softening temperature 软化温度;软化点fusion heat 熔化热laminar flow 层流polymer melt 聚合物熔体molten polymer 熔融聚合物molten state 熔融状态swelling ratio 溶胀比;胀大比phase equilibrium 相平衡phase transition 相转变第十章聚合物的电学性能\热性能\光学性能\以及表面与界面性能ageing process 老化过程ageing property 老化性能;耐老化性ageing resistance 耐老化性;抗老化性ageing time 老化时间;老成时间air permeability 透气性dielectric 电介质;介电的dielectric anisotropy 介电各向异性dielectric breakdown 介电击穿dielectric constant 介电系数;介电常数dielectric dissipation factor 介电损耗因子;介电损耗角正切dielectric heating 介电加热dielectric loss 介电损耗dielectric loss factor 介电损耗因子dielectric loss tangent 介电损耗(角)正切dielectric property 介电性质dielectric polarization 介电极化dielectric relaxation 介电松弛dielectric spectra 介电谱conductive polymer 导电聚合物flame resistance 阻燃性flame retardant 阻燃剂flammability 可燃性heat endurance 耐热性heat expansion 热膨胀heat resistance 耐热性high-temperature stability 高温稳定性heat-resistant polymer 耐热聚合物thermal conductivity [1]热导率;导热系数 [2]导热性high polymeric polyelectrolyte 高聚物电解质insulating property 绝缘性质low temperature brittleness 低温脆性thermoplastic [1]热塑性塑料 [2]热塑性的thermoplasticity 热塑性thermoset plastic 热固性塑料thermosetting plastic 热固性塑料thermosetting resin 热固性树脂thermostability 热稳定性;耐热性translucency 半透明性;半透明度transparency [1]透明性 [2]透光度triboelectricity 静电作用;摩擦生电true melting point 真熔点true strain 真应变true stress 真应力Vicat softening point 维卡软化点voltage breakdown 击穿电压wearability 耐磨性wear resistance 耐磨性weatherability 耐候性;耐老化性wettability 吸湿性;润湿性solidness 硬度;硬性strength 强度mechanical property 力学性能;机械性能thermal coefficient of expansion 热膨胀系数gas proofness 不透气性;气密性gas tight 不透气的;气密的anti-static 抗静电的breakdown strength 击穿强度doping 掺杂electric breakdown 电击穿electrodialysis 电渗析聚合物名称单词ABS resin ABS树脂aldehyde polymer 醛类聚合物aidehyde resin 缩醛树脂;聚醛树脂aldol condensation 醛醇缩合aldol resin 醛醇树脂chemical fibers 化学纤维composite 复合材料composite material 复合材料conjugate fiber 组合纤维;复合纤维high-density polyethylene 高密度聚乙烯low density polyethylene 低密度聚乙烯low molecular polymer 低聚物;低分子量聚合物low pressure processed polyethylene 低压法聚乙烯medium-density polyethylene 中密度聚乙烯phenol-aldehyde plastics 酚醛塑料phenol-aldehyde resin 酚醛树脂phenolic plastics 酚醛塑料polyacrylonitrile 聚丙烯腈polybutadiene 聚丁二烯polybutene 聚丁烯polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯polychlorovinyl 聚氯乙烯poly(ethylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯poly(methyl methacrylate) 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯poly(1-phenylethylene) 聚1-苯基亚乙基;聚苯乙烯polyvinyl formal 聚乙烯醇缩甲醛poly(phenylene ether) 聚苯醚polypropylene 聚丙烯synthetic resin 合成树脂synthetic rubber 合成橡胶synthon 合成纤维。

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--- 均方末端距mean-aquare end-to-end distance 均方末端距- 非交联的uncross-linked 非交联的- 三维有序的three-dimensionally ordered 三维有序的- 三乙基硼氟酸羊triethyloxonium-borofluoride 三乙基硼氟酸羊- 射线光X-ray x射线 x光- 缨状微束理论fringed-micelle theory 缨状微束理论- 折叠链片晶理论folded-chain lamella theory 折叠链片晶理论- 逐步聚合step-growth polymerization 逐步聚合(表面)发粘的,粘连性tacky (表面)发粘的 ,粘连性(空间)排布,排列arrangement (空间)排布,排列(链)引发initiation (链)引发(链)终止terminate (链)终止(链)转移,(热)传递transfer (链)转移,(热)传递(生)面团,揉好的面dough (生)面团,揉好的面(作用于)分子间的intermolecular (作用于)分子间的氨基,氨基的amino 氨基,氨基的氨基甲酸酯urethane 氨基甲酸酯把…相互连接起来连接interlink 把…相互连接起来连接半晶semicrystalline 半晶半径radius 半径饱和saturation 饱和苯基锂phenyllithium 苯基锂苯基钠phenyl sodium 苯基钠变化,改变variation 变化,改变变形deformation 形变变形性,变形能力deformability 变形性,变形能力表面活性剂surfactant 表面活性剂表征成为…的特征characterize 表征成为…的特征玻璃(态)的glassy 玻璃态的玻璃化温度glass transition temperature 玻璃化温度玻璃态glassy 玻璃(态)的玻璃态的glassy state 玻璃态不饱和的unsaturated 不饱和的不规则性,不均匀的irregularity 不规则性,不均匀的不均匀的,非均匀的heterogeneous 不均匀的,非均匀的不了或缺的indispensable 不了或缺的不完全的imperfect 不完全的参数parameter 参数侧基pendant group 侧基缠结,纠缠entanglement 缠结,纠缠产率yield 产率超声波ultrasonic 超声波超速离心(分离)ultracentrifugation 超速离心(分离)撤出evacuate 撤出沉淀,澄清settle 沉淀,澄清沉降(法)sedimentation 沉降(法)衬里,贴面line 衬里,贴面成分ingredient 成分成型shaping 成型尺寸dimension 尺寸尺寸稳定性dimensional stability 尺寸稳定性稠度,粘稠度consistency 稠度,粘稠度纯度purity 纯度醇(碱金属)烯催化剂Alfin catalyst 醇(碱金属)烯催化剂催化剂,触媒catalyst 催化剂,触媒脆的,易碎的brittle 脆的,易碎的错位,位错dislocation 错位,位错大分子,高分子macromelecule 大分子,高分子单官能度的monofunctional 单官能度的单键single bond 单键单体monomer 单体单轴的uniaxial 单轴的弹性模量elastic modulus 弹性模量弹性体elastomer 弹性体弹性指数slastic parameter 弹性指数当量的,化学计算量的stoichiometric 当量的,化学计算量的导电材料conductive material 导电材料等规立构的isotactic 等规立构的丁二烯butadiene 丁二烯丁基锂butyllithium 丁基锂定向,取向orient 定向,取向定向orientation 定向动力学kinetics 动力学动力学链长kinetic chain length 动力学链长断裂rupture 断裂堆积物,沉积deposit 堆积物,沉积堆砌packing 堆砌多分散的polydisperse 多分散的多分散性polydispersity 多分散性多官能度的polyfunctional 多官能度的多孔性,孔隙率porosity 多孔性,孔隙率二(元)胺diamine 二(元)胺二(元)醇diol 二(元)醇二(元)酸diacid 二(元)酸二次成型secondary shaping operation 二次成型二聚物(体)dimer 二聚物(体)二烯烃diolefin 二烯烃二元的dibasic 二元的反应物,试剂reactent 反应物,试剂反应性,活性reactivity 反应性,活性反应性的,活性的reactive 反应性的,活性的芳香(族)的aromatic 芳香(族)的非弹性的nonelastic 非弹性的分级fractionation 分级分解,分散,分离disintegrate 分解,分散,分离分解decomposition 分解分类(法)categorization 分类(法)分散剂dispersant 分散剂分子量molecular weight distribution 分子量分布分子量分布molecular weight 分子量粉状的powdery 粉状的副作用side reaction 副作用改性modify 改性隔离基团spacer group 隔离基团各项同性的isotropic 各项同性的功能聚合物functional polymer 功能聚合物功能聚合物functionalized polymer 功能聚合物共聚(合)copolymerization 共聚(合)共聚物copolymer 共聚物构象conformation 构象固有的intrinsic 固有的官能团functional group 官能团光敏剂photosensitizer 光敏剂光气,碳酰氯phosgene 光气,碳酰氯光散射light scattering 光散射合成synthesis 合成合成synthesize 合成合成的synthetic 合成的核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振核径迹探测器nuclear track detector 核径迹探测器红外光谱法infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱法花纹,图样式样pattern 花纹,图样式样缓释剂corrosion inhibitor 缓释剂机理mechanism 机理基体,结晶crystal 基体,结晶基体,母体,基质,矩阵matrix 基体,母体,基质,矩阵挤出extrusion 注射成型挤压squeeze 挤压加成聚合物,加聚物addition polymer 加成聚合物,加聚物加工,成型processing 加工,成型加重,恶化aggravate 加重,恶化夹杂(带)的occluded 夹杂(带)的假定的,理想的,有前提的hypothetical 假定的,理想的,有前提的间歇式的intermittent 间歇式的碱金属alkali metal 碱金属键断裂能bond dissociation energy 键断裂能降解depropagation 降解交联crosslinking 交联胶体colloid 胶体搅拌agitation 搅拌结构,组织texture 结构,组织结晶的crystalline 晶体,晶态,结晶的,晶态的结晶性,结晶度crystallinity 结晶性,结晶度解除,松开release 解除,松开解聚depolymerization 解聚介质中等的,中间的medium 介质中等的,中间的界限,范围boundary 界限,范围晶体,晶态,结晶的,晶态的crystalline 结晶的竞聚率reactivity ratio 竞聚率聚苯烯polypropylene 聚苯烯聚苯乙烯polystyrene 聚苯乙烯聚丁烯polybutene 聚丁烯聚合(物)的polymeric 聚合(物)的聚合度degree of polymerization 聚合度聚合物【体】,高聚物polymer 聚合物【体】,高聚物聚氯乙烯polyvinylchloride 聚氯乙烯聚酰胺polyamide 聚酰胺聚乙烯polyethylene 聚乙烯聚乙烯醇polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇聚酯化(作用)polyesterification 聚酯化(作用)开链unzippering 开链开始,着手commence 开始,着手抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂抗氧剂antioxidant 抗氧剂抗张强度tensile strength 抗张强度控制释放controlled release 控制释放口模成型dieforming 口模成型扩散diffuse 扩散拉直,拉长stretch 拉直,拉长冷冻水chilled water 冷冻水离解dissociate 离解离心centrifuge 离心离子ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂离子的ionic polymerization 离子型聚合离子交换树脂ion 离子离子型聚合ionic 离子的理想的,概念的ideal 理想的,概念的力学性能,机械性能mechanical property 力学性能,机械性能立构规整性【度】srereoregularity 立构规整性【度】连锁反应chain reaction 连锁反应链段segment 链段链段segment 链段链间的interchain 链间的链终止chain termination 链终止流动性mobility 流动性流体静力学hydrostatic 流体静力学硫化vulcanization 硫化络合物complex 络合物氯(气)chlorine 氯(气)氯乙烯vinyl 乙烯基(的)密度density 密度密封seal 密封模塑成型moulding 模塑成型模型model 模型逆流countercurrent 逆流黏弹态viscoelastic 黏弹性的黏弹性的viscoelastic state 黏弹态黏度viscosity average molecular weight 黏均分子量黏均分子量viscosity 黏度黏流态viscofluid state 黏流态凝胶gel 凝胶农药,化肥agrochemical 农药,化肥排列成行align 排列成行配方formulation 配方喷洒sprinkle 喷洒片晶platelet 片晶平衡equilibrium 平衡潜在的latent 潜在的嵌入,埋入,包埋imbed 嵌入,埋入,包埋强度strength 强度氢(气)hydrogen bonding 氢键氢键hydrogen 氢(气)取代,代替substitution 取代,代替缺陷defect 缺陷热成型thermoforming 热成型热传递heat transfer 热传递热固性的thermoset 热固性的热解pyrolysis 热解热力学地thermondynamically 热力学地热塑性的thermoplastic 热塑性的溶剂solvent 溶剂溶解dissolution 溶解溶解度solubility 溶解度溶胀swell 溶胀溶胀的swollen 溶胀的熔化的molten 熔化的柔量compliance 柔量柔软的flexible 柔软的三苯甲基钾triphenylenthyl potassium 三苯甲基钾三聚物(体)trimer 三聚物(体)三氯化铁titanium trichloride 三氯化铁三元的,叔(特)的tertiary 三元的,叔(特)的筛子,筛分scalp 筛子,筛分熵entropy 熵伸长率,延伸率elongation 伸长率,延伸率渗透性permeability 渗透性生物(学)的biological 生物(学)的生物医学的biomedical 生物医学的生长链,活性链growing chain 生长链,活性链食盐common salt 食盐使…变形,扭曲distort 使…变形,扭曲使…溶解dissolve 使…溶解使脱氢dehydrogenate 使脱氢收缩retract 收缩数均分子量number average molecular weight 数均分子量双键double bond 双键四氯化钛titanium tetrachloride 四氯化钛四氢呋喃tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃塑料plastics 塑料碎屑,碎片fragment 碎屑,碎片羧基carboxyl 羧基羧基酸hydocy acid 羧基酸缩(合)聚(合)polycondensation 缩(合)聚(合)缩合聚合物,缩聚物condensation polymer 缩合聚合物,缩聚物太阳能solar energy 太阳能炭char 炭特性peculiarity 特性烃基hydroxyl 烃基同时,同步simultaneously 同时,同步统计的statistical 统计的涂覆coating 涂覆脱单塔stripping tower 脱单塔脱水dewater 脱水外形,轮廓contour 外形,轮廓烷基铝aluminum alkyl 烷基铝微晶crystallite 微晶稳定剂stabilizer 稳定剂稳定性stability 稳定性污物contaminant 污物无定型的,非晶体的amorphous 无定型的,非晶体的无规降解random decomposition 无规降解无规立构的atactic 无规立构的无规线团random coil 无规线团无机聚合物inorganic polymer 无机聚合物烯丙基allyl 烯丙基烯烃的olefinic 烯烃的细分区分subdivide 细分区分纤维fiber 纤维酰胺化(作用)amidation 酰胺化(作用)线团coil 线团线团状的coiling 线团状的相互作用interaction 相互作用想象,推测imagine 想象,推测橡胶rubber 橡胶橡胶态的rubbery 橡胶态的消除,打开,除去eliminate 消除,打开,除去小球,液滴,颗粒globule 小球,液滴,颗粒形变deformation 变形形态(学)morphology 形态(学)型柸parison 型柸性能,行为behavior 性能,行为性能,特征performance 性能,特征絮凝剂flocculating agent 絮凝剂旋转,回旋gyration 旋转,回旋压延calendering 压延成型压延成型calendering 压延衍射diffraction 衍射阳(正)离子的cationic 阳(正)离子的氧鎓羊oxonium 氧鎓羊药品,药物,药物的,医药的pharmaceutical 药品,药物,药物的,医药的药品,药物drug 药品,药物液晶liquid crystal 液晶依数性colligative 依数性乙烯基(的)vinyl ether 乙烯基醚乙烯基醚vinyl chloride 氯乙烯异丙醇金属,异丙氧化金属isopropylate 异丙醇金属,异丙氧化金属异丁烯isobutylene 异丁烯异氰酸酯isocyanate 异氰酸酯阴(负)离子的anionic 阴(负)离子的引发剂initiator 引发剂引力,吸引attraction 引力,吸引硬度hardness 硬度油轮,槽车tanker 油轮,槽车有规立构的,立构规整性的stereoregular 有规立构的,立构规整性的淤浆slurry 淤浆运动,流动mobilize 运动,流动杂质impurity 杂质载体carrier 载体增进,改善improve 增进,改善粘稠的viscous 粘稠的照射,辐射irradiation 照射,辐射真是的real 真是的争论,争议controversy 争论,争议正[阳]离子cation 正[阳]离子正的,阳(性)的positive 正的,阳(性)的脂肪(族)的aliphatic 脂肪(族)的酯化(作用)esterification 酯化(作用)中性的neutral 中性的种类,类型category 种类,类型重复单元repeating unit 重复单元重均分子量weight average molecular weight 重均分子量主链,骨干backbone 主链,骨干助催化剂cocatalyst 助催化剂注射成型extrusion 挤出转化conversion 转化率转化率conversion 转化转矩torsion 转矩自由基radical polymerization 自由基聚合自由基聚合radical 自由基阻燃剂flame retardant 阻燃剂最佳的,最佳值[点,状态]optimum 最佳的,最佳值[点,状态]最小化minimise 最小化最小值,最小的minimum 最小值,最小的() 模型mo(u)lding 模型活化(作用)activation 活化(作用)手风琴手风琴。

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