英美文化概论整理
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英国：
1、The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2、The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain(the larger one)and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones.
3、（UK）capital:London
4、There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England,Scotland,and Wales.England is the largest,most populous and richest.
5、The British Empire（大英帝国）:one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in1931.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.
6、The United Kingdom is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.The English Channel lies between Britain and France.
7、The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis（本尼维斯山）,1,343m in Scotland.The longest river is the Severn River（塞文河）（338km）;the second largest and most important river is the Thames River（336km）. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh（内伊湖）in Northern Ireland.
8、The English are Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）,but the Scots,
Welsh and Irish are Celts（凯尔特人）.
9、Britain is an island country.It is surrounded by the sea.It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.
10、Chunnel stands for channel and tunnel which was cut under the Straits of Dover.With it England and France join together by road.
11、90%of the population is urban and only10%is rural.
12、The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.The monarch actually has no real power.The monarch’s power are limited by law and Parliament.Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in1688.Parliament consists of the Sovereign（君主）,the House of Lords （上议院）and the House of Commons（下议院）.
13、British constitution is made up of statute law,common law and conventions.
14、The festivals:Christmas,Easter,and Whit Sunday.
15、The most typically English of sports is cricket(板球).