2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：4
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：5
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Those who anticipate price changes correctly can often gain financially from their foresight. 问题1选项A.forecastB.visionC.estimateD.talent【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. forecast 预测，预报B. vision 眼力，远见卓识C. estimate （对数量、成本等的）估计，估价D. talent 天资，天赋【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】foresight的意思为“深谋远虑，先见之明”，指的是有先见之明的人可以正确预测价格变化，因此就可以获得可观的经济收益，强调对事物发展的洞察力，vision与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】那些正确预测价格变化的人往往能从他们的远见中获得经济利益。
2.填空题Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. But because the two big cola companies—Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, we’ve wondered how big a role taste preferenceABCactually plays for brand loyalty.D【答案】D for改为in【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。
【解题思路】play a role in sth.为固定搭配，其意思为“在……中起作用”，how big a role到句尾的部分还原成一般陈述语序为taste preference actually plays a big role in brand loyalty，所以D部分应为in。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：63
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The economic depression in the late-nineteenth-century United States (31) significantly to a growing movement in literature toward realism and naturalism. After the 1870’s, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had (32) immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned (33) to realism. (34) to portray life as it was, with (35) to real life and accurate representation without idealization, they studied local dialects, wrote stories which focused on life in specific regions of the country, and emphasized the “true” relationships between people. In doing so, they reflected broader trends in the society, (36) industrialization, evolutionary theory which emphasized the effect of the environment on humans, and the influence of science.Realists such as Joel Chandler Harris and Ellen Glasgow depicted life in the South, Hamlin Garland described life on the Great Plains, and Sarah Orne Jewett wrote about everyday life in rural New England. Another realist, Bret Harte, achieved fame (37) stories that portrayed local life in the California mining camps.Samuel Clemens, who (38) the pen name Mark Twain, became the country’s most outstanding realist author, observing life around him with a humorous and skeptical eye. In his stories and novels, Twain drew on his own experiences and used dialect and common speech instead of (39) language, touching (40) a major change in American prose style.Other writers became impatient even with realism. Pushing evolutionary theory to its limits, they wrote of a world in which a cruel and merciless environment determined human fate. These writers, called naturalists, often focused on economic hardship, studying people struggling with poverty, and other aspects of (41) and industrial life. Naturalists brought to their writing a passion for direct and honest experience.Theodore Dreiser, the foremost naturalist writer, in novels such as Sister Carrie, (42) portrayed a dark world in which human beings were (43) by forces (44) their understanding or control. Dreiser thought that writers should tell the truth about human affairs, not (45) romance, and Sister Carrie, he said, was “not intended as a piece of literary craftsmanship, but was a picture of conditions.”问题1选项A.dedicatedB.contributedC.fabricatedD.deliberated问题2选项A.debauchedB.weakenedC.enfeebledD.prevailed问题3选项A.againstB.insteadC.overD.forward问题4选项A.DeterminedB.DetermineC.DeterminingD.To determine问题5选项A.deceptionB.fantasyC.realizationD.fidelity问题6选项A.with regard toB.in terms ofC.such asD.regardless of问题7选项A.withB.onC.byD.about问题8选项A.createdB.innovatedC.adoptedD.renewed问题9选项A.literalB.literateC.literaryD.literature问题10选项A.aboutB.offC.onD.with问题11选项A.suburbanB.urbanC.localD.modern问题12选项A.grimlyB.fervidlyC.frigidlyD.frenziedly问题13选项A.tossed aboutB.held downC.ended upD.built up问题14选项A.betweenB.withinC.beyondD.off问题15选项A.fabricateB.developC.convergeD.replenish【答案】第1题:B 第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D第6题:C第7题:A第8题:C 第9题:C第10题:B第11题:B第12题:A第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A【解析】31.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：7
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Clinton denied the more serious allegations that he had lied under oath about the relationship and had entreated Lewinsky to do the same.问题1选项A.pleadedB.flatteredC.deceivedD.scared【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. pleaded 乞求，恳求B. flattered 奉承，讨好C. deceived 欺骗，蒙骗D. scared 惊吓，使害怕【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】entreated的意思为“恳求，乞求”，指的是克林顿恳求莱温斯基同他一起在两人的关系上撒谎，pleaded与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】克林顿否认了更严重的指控，即他在宣誓后就两人的关系撒了谎，并恳求莱温斯基也这样做。
2.单选题Long-term water availability is largely determined by the average conditions in a river basin, but it is often extreme events that cause acute water insecurity.问题1选项A.occasionalB.constantC.urgentD.serious【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. occasional 偶尔的，偶然的B. constant 连续发生的，不断的C. urgent 紧急的，紧迫的D. serious 严重的，有危险的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】acute的意思为“十分严重的”，这里指极端事件让水变得非常不安全，有严重的安全问题，serious与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：6
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Clinton denied the more serious allegations that he had lied under oath about the relationship and had entreated Lewinsky to do the same.问题1选项A.pleadedB.flatteredC.deceivedD.scared【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. pleaded 乞求，恳求B. flattered 奉承，讨好C. deceived 欺骗，蒙骗D. scared 惊吓，使害怕【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】entreated的意思为“恳求，乞求”，指的是克林顿恳求莱温斯基同他一起在两人的关系上撒谎，pleaded与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】克林顿否认了更严重的指控，即他在宣誓后就两人的关系撒了谎，并恳求莱温斯基也这样做。
2.填空题Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely success is so mysterious.A B CD 【答案】D success is改为is success【解析】【考查点】倒装。
【解题思路】表示否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时，用部分倒装，句子的一般陈述句语序为success is so mysterious，此时is应该提前，因此D部分应为is success。
【句意】我们常常相信别人的成功是某种特殊的秘密或幸运的突破。
但成功很少如此神秘。
3.单选题Facing-port industry has become the basic pillar of economic strength in developed countries and promoted the formation of international production.问题1选项A.circumstanceB.motivationC.backboneD.initiative【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. circumstance 条件，环境B. motivation 动力C. backbone 支柱，骨干，基础D. initiative 主动性，积极性【答案】C【考查点】名词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：62
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As more and more African Americans moved away from segregated housing, they had less connection to the vernacular and more occasion to speak standard American English.问题1选项A.restrictedB.isolatedC.outdatedD.exhausted【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. restricted 限制，限定（数量、范围等）B. isolated （使）隔离，孤立C. outdated （新东西）使过时D. exhausted 使筋疲力尽【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】segregated的意思为“隔离并区别对待（不同种族、宗教或性别的人）”，这里指的是这些房屋和其他地方是隔离开的，非裔美国人就住在这片区域，isolated与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】随着越来越多的非裔美国人搬离被隔开的住房，他们与当地方言的联系越来越少，在更多场合中说标准的美式英语。
2.填空题A community which collective interests the terrorist organization claims to serve may be terrorized so that their cooperation, loyalty, and support are ensured. Groups that come to power by this means usually continue to rule by terror.ABC D【答案】A which改为whose【解析】【考查点】定语从句。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：4
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Had spring ever been gentle, so endearing before? Had every little scene, every shop window, every face he passed ever been so wonderfully interesting?问题1选项A.attractiveB.favorableC.inspiringD.peaceful【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. attractive 吸引人的，令人愉快的B. favorable 给人好印象的（有好感）C. inspiring 鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的D. peaceful 安静的，平静的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】endearing的意思为“惹人喜爱的，讨人喜欢的”，这里问春天是否曾经惹人喜爱，让人不自觉地被他吸引，attractive与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】春天曾经如此惹人喜爱吗？他走过的每一处、每一个商店橱窗、每一张面孔，都曾经是那么奇妙而有趣吗？2.单选题At Buffalo Creek, West Virginia, a makeshift dam at a coal mine site collapsed with a loss of more than 100 lives.问题1选项A.fragileB.massiveC.crudeD.temporary【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. fragile 易碎的，易损的B. massive 巨大的，大而重的C. crude 粗略的，简略的D. temporary 暂时的，临时的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】makeshift的意思为“临时替代的，权宜的”，用来形容dam，指的是煤矿工地的临时大坝，temporary与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：1
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The physical devastation caused by the Civil War, the freeing of the slaves, and the chaos of the Reconstruction era had ruinous effects on Mississippi’s economy.问题1选项A.impactB.disorderC.offenceD.folly【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. impact 巨大影响，强大作用B. disorder 杂乱，混乱C. offence 犯罪，罪行D. folly 愚笨，愚蠢的想法（或事情、行为）【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】chaos的意思为“混乱，杂乱”，指的是重建时期的混乱，disorder与之词义相近，因此B 选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】南北战争造成的物质破坏，奴隶解放和重建时期的混乱给密西西比的经济带来了毁灭性的影响。
2.单选题Is it surprising that a wave of sadness swept over me as I looked for the last time at the Flaming Cliffs, gorgeous in the morning sunshine of that brilliant August day?问题1选项A.splendidB.riskyC.restlessD.gloomy【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. splendid 壮丽的，雄伟的B. risky 有危险（或风险）的C. restless 坐立不安的，不耐烦的D. gloomy 黑暗的，阴暗的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷6
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.My topic is not standards nor its decline. What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generations of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.1. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________.2. In the author’s opinion, the speaker ________.3. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.4. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is ________.问题1选项A.the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generationB.the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enoughC.the was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen yearsD.English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English问题2选项A.gave a correct judgment of the English level of the studentsB.had exaggerated the language problems of the studentsC.was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobsD.could think and speak intelligently问题3选项A.it is justifiable to include English as a school subjectB.the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 levelC.English language teaching is by no means an easy jobnguage improvement needs time and effort问题4选项A.neutralB.positiveC.criticalpromising【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C【解析】第1题:【选项释义】The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________. 作者在文中提到的演讲者认为________。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：19
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题We must yield to the ______ evidence which you have presented and free your client.问题1选项A.incontrovertibleB.inconsequentialC.incorrigibleD.inexorable【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项incontrovertible表示“无可争议的，无疑的”，B项inconsequential 表示“不重要的，不合理的”，C项incorrigible表示“不可救药的，积习难改的”，D项inexorable 表示“无情的，不屈不挠的”。
根据关键信息free your client（释放你的委托人）可知，______ evidence 应该表示“无可争议的证据”。
句意：我们必须根据你提供的无可争议的证据释放你的委托人。
因此，该题选择A项正确。
2.单选题Verbal art has the ability to shape out a compelling inner version in some skillfully crated public verbal form.问题1选项A.joyfulB.intricatepetingD.forceful【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。
题干compelling“不可抗拒的；令人信服的”。
A项“高兴的；快乐的”，B 项“错综复杂的”，C项“相互冲突的；相互矛盾的”，D项“强有力的；有说服力的”。
因此只有D项符合。
句意：言语艺术有能力以一种技巧娴熟的公开言语形式塑造出引人入胜的内部版本。
3.单选题Making the public library her second home, Justine is more than a casual bookworm; she is a (an) _____ young lady.问题1选项A.eruditeB.acumenC.perspicaciousD.prudent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：18
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Violence in teenage relationships is much more prevalent than previously thought, with those from disadvantaged backgrounds twice as likely to be abused by violent partners.问题1选项A.criticalB.widespreadC.fierceD.brutal【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. critical 批评的，批判性的B. widespread 普遍的，广泛的C. fierce 凶猛的，凶狠的D. brutal 残暴的，兽性的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】prevalent的意思为“普遍存在的，盛行的”，这里用来形容violence，指的是暴力行为比想象中普遍，widespread与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】青少年关系中的暴力比之前想象的要普遍得多，那些来自弱势背景的人被同伴暴力相对的可能性是其他人的两倍。
2.单选题In her long, but ultimately triumphant career, she has been forced to smuggle birth control supplies under her clothing.问题1选项A.forcefulB.insightfulC.successfulD.influential【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. forceful 强有力的，坚强的B. insightful 有深刻了解的，富有洞察力的C. successful 获得成功的，有成就的D. influential 有很大影响的，有支配力的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：2
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Those who anticipate price changes correctly can often gain financially from their foresight. 问题1选项A.forecastB.visionC.estimateD.talent【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. forecast 预测，预报B. vision 眼力，远见卓识C. estimate （对数量、成本等的）估计，估价D. talent 天资，天赋【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】foresight的意思为“深谋远虑，先见之明”，指的是有先见之明的人可以正确预测价格变化，因此就可以获得可观的经济收益，强调对事物发展的洞察力，vision与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】那些正确预测价格变化的人往往能从他们的远见中获得经济利益。
2.填空题The overemphasis on the exterior elevation in its former design resulted in the closeness and ________ of the interior space. (regular) 【答案】irregularity【解析】【考查点】名词。
【解题思路】根据关键词and，可知横线处和closeness都是名词，结合语境，过分强调建筑的外部立面致使建筑不规则，irregularity意思为“不规则（或无规律）的事物”，符合语境。
【句意】在原有设计中过分强调建筑的外部立面，导致室内空间的封闭和不规则。
3.单选题Creatively exciting and commercially attractive…You’ve got a movie here that will _______ kids and adults alike.问题1选项A.appeal toB.resort toC.switch toD.refer to【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. appeal to 对……有吸引力B. resort to 依靠，求助于C. switch to 切换到，转变成D. refer to 指的是【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：95
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Austrian physician Alfred Adler theorized that people are primarily motivated to overcome inherent feelings of ________. (inferior)【答案】inferiority【解析】【考查点】名词。
【解题思路】feelings of ________是名词所有格结构，所以横线处应为名词。
根据关键词inherent feelings，可知这里讲的和感受相关，feeling of inferiority的意思为“自卑感”，inferiority符合语境。
【句意】奥地利医生阿尔弗雷德•阿德勒提出理论，即人们的动机主要是克服内在的自卑感。
2.单选题If you reinstate old-fashioned values about money and work, you can give your children a precious gift: the key to self-sufficiency.问题1选项A.resolveB.restoreC.redressD.resort【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. resolve 解决（问题或困难）B. restore 恢复（某种情况或感受）C. redress 纠正，矫正D. resort 诉诸，求助于【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】reinstate的意思为“使恢复原职，使重返岗位”，在这里指的是恢复对传统价值观的信任，让传统价值观再次发挥作用，restore与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】如果你恢复关于金钱和工作的传统价值观，你就可以给你的孩子一份珍贵的礼物，也就是自给自足的关键。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：3
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies. No child imitates every action he sees. Sometimes, the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example. Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than “Monkey see, monkey do.”Look at it from the child’s point of view. Here he is in a new situation, lacking a ready response. He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends. If he lacks a ready response for the situation, and cannot reason out what to do, he observes a model who seems able to get the right result. The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do. There is a second element at work in this situation. The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him. When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message, he is told emphatically that such a racket is unpleasant, that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly. Thus, the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly. One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response. Then other adults reward some actions and criticize others. If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect, he must adopt responses his social group approves.In finding trial responses, the learner does not choose models at random. He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like, rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid. If the pupil wants to be a good violinist, he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players; while some other person may most influence his approach to books.Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situation, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.1. For a child the first element in his learning by imitation is ________.2. Apart from achieving his desired results, a child should also learn to ________.3. Children tend to imitate their models ________.4. “An identifying figure” (Para. 5) refers to a person ________.问题1选项A.the need to find an authorityB.the need to find a way to achieve the desired resultC.the need for more affection from his parentsD.the desire to meet the standards of his social group问题2选项A.behave properlyB.attain his goal as soon as possibleC.show his affection for his parentsD.talk quietly问题3选项A.who do not criticize themB.who bring them unexpected rewardsC.whom they want to be likeD.whose social status is high问题4选项A.who serves as a model for othersB.who is always successfulC.who can be depended uponD.who has been rewarded for his success【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A【解析】第1题:【选项释义】For a child the first element in his learning by imitation is ________. 对孩子来说，模仿式学习的第一个因素是________。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：94
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题The effort to clarify the bewildering number of interrelated observations ________ by psychoanalytic exploration led to the development of a model of the structure of the psychic system. (cover)【答案】uncovered【解析】【考查点】动词。
【解题思路】根据关键词by，可知横线所在内容为动词的过去分词，uncover的意思为“发现，揭露”，符合语境，其过去分词为uncovered。
【句意】精神分析探索发现的观察结果数目众多、令人眼花缭乱、又相互关联，努力阐明这些结果促进了精神系统结构模型的发展。
2.单选题As we passed over the dark bridge her wan face fell lazily against my coat’s shoulder.问题1选项A.charmingB.cheerfulC.paleD.uneasy【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. charming 令人着迷的，迷人的B. cheerful 快乐的，高兴的C. pale 灰白的，苍白的D. uneasy 担心的，忧虑的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。
【解题思路】wan的意思为“苍白无力的，无血色的”，这里形容她脸色苍白，pale与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】当我们走过漆黑的桥时，她苍白的脸懒洋洋地贴在我的外套上。
3.单选题Outdoor recreation plays a large role in national life. Norwegians prize solitude and self-reliance, and many people choose to walk or ski or camp alone.问题1选项A.richnessB.alonenessC.opennessD.fairness【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. richness 丰富，富饶B. aloneness 孤独感C. openness 诚实，率真D. fairness 公正性，公平合理性【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：93
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A liquid can be kept in an open container and fill it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but ______ to diffuse throughout the space available.问题1选项A.tendsB.intendsC.inclinesD.contends【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
A项tend表示“趋向，倾向，照料”，tend to表示“趋向，注意，易于”，指朝着一个方向发展或者有某种品质；B项intend表示“打算，想要，意指”，intend to表示“打算做，想要”；C项incline表示“倾向于，（使）倾向于，赞同（某人或某事）”，incline to表示“倾向于……，向……倾斜”，指倾向于用某种方式思考或者表现，被要求做某事；D项contend表示“竞争，奋斗，斗争”，不和to搭配。
根据句子的主语gas（气体），结合but转折后面的动词diffuse（扩散）可知，A项“倾向于”符合语境。
句意：液体可以保存在一个开放的容器中，并将其装满到一个自由面的水平；气体没有形成自由面，而是倾向于在整个可用的空间中扩散。
因此，该题选择A项正确。
2.单选题Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people ______ harm them.问题1选项A.more thanB.other thanC.rather thanD.much than【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。
A项more than“多于”，B项other than“除了，不同于”，C项rather than“而不是”，D项much than“比……多”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：14
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题His trial for embezzlement was a ______ on his family’s reputation.问题1选项A.speckB.strainC.pauseD.faults【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
A项speck“小点，污点”，B项strain“张力，拉紧，负担”，C项pause“暂停，间歇”，D项faults“故障，错误”。
由trial for embezzlement（因挪用公款的审判）和reputation （名誉）可知，A项符合语境。
句意：他因挪用公款而受审，这是他家族名誉上的一个污点。
因此，该题选择A项。
2.单选题In spite of the rain, the ______ spectators waited patiently for the delayed start of the game.问题1选项A.industriousB.ingeniousC.chaoticD.assiduous【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项industrious“勤奋的，勤劳的”，B项ingenious“有独创性的，机灵的，精制的”，C项chaotic“混沌的，混乱的”，D项assiduous“兢兢业业的，孜孜不倦的”。
由spectators（观众）和the delayed start of the game（被推迟的比赛开始）可知，当时的现场应该是“混乱的”，C项符合。
句意：尽管下着雨，但是混乱的观众耐心地等待着被推迟的比赛开始。
因此，该题选择C项。
3.单选题The young math teacher gave her students extra work to do because she was ______ by all the noise and the talking in the classroom.问题1选项A.exasperatedB.aggregatedC.perturbedD.assailed【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：5
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In spite of the rain, the ______ spectators waited patiently for the delayed start of the game.问题1选项A.industriousB.ingeniousC.chaoticD.assiduous【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项industrious“勤奋的，勤劳的”，B项ingenious“有独创性的，机灵的，精制的”，C项chaotic“混沌的，混乱的”，D项assiduous“兢兢业业的，孜孜不倦的”。
由spectators（观众）和the delayed start of the game（被推迟的比赛开始）可知，当时的现场应该是“混乱的”，C项符合。
句意：尽管下着雨，但是混乱的观众耐心地等待着被推迟的比赛开始。
因此，该题选择C项。
2.单选题I am bored by your ______ talk.问题1选项A.insaneB.insipidC.intrepidD.invalid【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项insane“疯狂的，精神病的”，B项insipid“无味的，清淡的”，C项intrepid“无畏的，勇敢的”，D项invalid“无效的，有病的”。
由bored（感到厌倦的）可知，______ talk 中的空格表示“无味的”符合语境。
句意：我对你枯燥无味的谈话感到厌烦。
因此，该题选择B项。
3.单选题If you tu rn it edgewise you’ll get the desk through the door.问题1选项A.outwardsB.forwardsC.sidewaysD.inwards【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。
A项outwards“向外地”，B项forwards“向前，今后”，C项sideways“向侧面地，间接地”，D项inwards“向内地，向中心地”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：48
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题His remarks were so ______ that we could not decide which of the possible meanings was correct. 问题1选项A.persuasiveB.ambiguousC.suspiciousD.consistent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项persuasive“有说服力的，劝诱的”，B项ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱两可的”，C项suspicious“可疑的，怀疑的”，D项consistent“始终如一的，一致的”。
由we could not decide which of the possible meanings was correct（我们无法确定哪个可能的意思是正确的）可知，B项符合。
句意：他的话含糊不清，我们无法断定哪一个意思是正确的。
因此，该题选择B项。
2.单选题In the ______ areas of the railroad terminal, thousands of travelers lingered while waiting for their train.问题1选项A.circuitousB.balefulC.auxiliaryD.capacious【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项circuitous表示“迂曲的，绕行的”，B项baleful表示“恶意的，有害的”，C项auxiliary表示“辅助的，副的，附加的”，D项capacious表示“宽敞的，广阔的”。
根据railroad terminal（铁路终点站）和thousands of travelers（成千上万的旅客）可知，______ areas 表示“宽敞的地方”。
句意：在铁路终点站广阔的区域里，成千上万的旅客逗留在那等待火车。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：4
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The November 17-day coal strike, which was terminated December 7, brought about a general business and production paralysis at the close of the year.问题1选项A.worsenedB.discontinuedC.denouncedD.hindered【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. worsened 变得更糟，恶化B. discontinued 停止，终止C. denounced 谴责，指责D. hindered 阻碍，妨碍【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】terminated的意思为“（使）停止，结束”，指的是罢工进行了17天后才结束，discontinued 与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】去年12月7日结束的17天煤矿罢工，在年底造成了企业和生产的全面瘫痪。
2.单选题Although blemished by the debt and deficit problems, the economy in Belgium was generally healthy. Both industrial production and overall gross domestic product were expected to rise by 1.6 percent for 1992.问题1选项A.accumulatedB.crushedC.stimulatedD.spoiled【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. accumulated 积累，积聚B. crushed 压坏，压伤C. stimulated 激发（某事物）D. spoiled 破坏，搞坏【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：85
2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Lodger: I’m terribly sorry that I broke your precious vase. I’ll pay for it.Landlady: ____________________问题1选项A.Can’t complain.B.Never mind.C.Relax yourself.D.Take care.【答案】B【解析】考查语义。
句意：对不起，我打碎了你珍贵的花瓶，我会赔的。
别人因损害了自己的利益或冒犯了自己而道歉时，客气的应答为never mind“没关系”，所以B符合；A项“(生活/工作)还行”，C项“放松点”，D项“保重”，都不符合对话场景。
2.单选题Some robots may ______ apply these techniques to install a new network there in the near future.问题1选项A.conceivablyB.unbelievableC.unimaginablyD.unthinkably【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。
A项conceivably“可以想象的是，可以想得到的是”，B项unbelievable“难以置信的，不可信的”，C项unimaginably“难以想象地”，D项unthinkably“无法接受地”。
句子的意思是“在不久的将来，一些机器人可能会应用这些技术来安装一个新的网络”，那么由此可知，这种情况是“不敢想象地”，C项符合。
句意：在不久的将来，一些机器人可能会意想不到地应用这些技术来安装一个新的网络。
因此，该题选择C项。
3.单选题Although Hank appears outgoing and bold on camera, in person he is a living picture of docility and ______.问题1选项A.sycophanticB.servileC.submissiveD.slavish【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。
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2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdom” and consider means of promoting it.There are several factors that contribute to wisdom. Of them I should put first a sense of proportion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach each its due weigh. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of techniques. Suppose, for example, that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine. The work is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed in enormously lowering the infant death-rate in the world. This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations. To take an even more dramatic example, you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested (无利害关系的) desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race. Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil, if our purposes are unwise.【答案】【参考译文】大多数人会认同，虽然我们现在的时代在知识方面超过了以前的任何一个时代，但在智慧方面并没有相应的增长。
但是，一旦我们试图给智慧下定义并想办法提升智慧，达成一致的意见就不复存在。
有几个因素有助于增长智慧。
其中，我首先要讲的是一种比例感，即在一个问题中考虑到所有重要因素，并给予每个因素应有的份量的能力。
这比过去更加困难，因为各种技术需要更加广泛和复杂的专业知识。
例如，假设你正在参与医学科学的研究，这工作很可能需要你全身心投入，你没有时间考虑你的发现或发明在医学领域之外可能产生的影响。
你大幅度地降低了世界上婴儿的死亡率，这也造成了完全意想不到的结果：世界上人口最多的地区粮食供应不足，生活水平降低。
再举一个更生动的例子，你研究原子的组成是出于对知识的渴望，无关利害，却无意中让势力强大、又丧心病狂的人掌握了毁灭人类的方法。
因此，随着知识和技能的每一次增长，智慧就变得越发必要，因为知识和技能的每一次增长都会提高我们实现目标的能力。
因此，如果我们动机不纯，也会提高我们作恶的能力。
2.填空题Animal behavior was studied as a discipline on its own, and human behavior was studied similarly in relatively isolation. However, behavioral traits in animals and in humans may under certain circumstances have profound effects onABCbreeding patterns and mate selection.D【答案】B relatively改为relative【解析】【考查点】定语。
【解题思路】在B部分中，isolation“孤立状态”是名词，应该用形容词作为定语修饰名词，所以此处应为relative“相比较而言的”。
【句意】动物行为是作为一门独立的学科来研究的，人类行为也是在相对孤立的环境中研究的。
然而，在某些情况下，动物和人类的行为特征可能会对繁殖模式和配偶选择产生深远的影响。
3.填空题The situation comedy (or sitcom) depends on audience ________ with recurring characters and conditions to explore life in the home, workplace, or some other common location. (familiar)【答案】familiarity【解析】【考查点】名词。
【解题思路】根据动词短语depends on，可知audience ________为名词短语，familiarity的意思为“熟悉”，符合语境，指的是观众对情景喜剧的反应需要看他们对情景喜剧中的角色和环境有多熟悉。
【句意】情景喜剧要看观众对反复出现的角色和用来探索家庭、工作场所及其他常见场所的生活环境有多熟悉。
4.填空题Asian American children of high school age generally outscore other students on the ScholasticAAptitude Test. They make up a disproportionate large segment of student bodies in the most prominentBC Dcolleges and universities.【答案】C disproportionate改为disproportionately【解析】【考查点】副词。
【解题思路】large为形容词，应该用副词修饰，所以用disproportionately正确。
【句意】亚裔美国高中生在学业能力倾向测试中的得分普遍高于其他学生。
在最著名的学院和大学里，他们在学生群体中所占比例相当大。
5.填空题There are signs that specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—and all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’sABCDplace is in the home. 【答案】C and all the blame改为nor all the blame【解析】【考查点】句间逻辑。
【解题思路】前面说到意识到男性的作用，可知后面表达的意思是不要把女性的作用放得那么大，也就是不要把功过都归结于女性，not receive all the credit对应的应该是nor all the blame。
【句意】有迹象表明，家庭专家越来越意识到男性所起的作用，他们认为不应该把所有的功劳都归于女性，也不应该把所有的过错都归女性。
我们几乎放弃了“女性应该呆在家里”的说法。
6.单选题Those who anticipate price changes correctly can often gain financially from their foresight. 问题1选项A.forecastB.visionC.estimateD.talent【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. forecast 预测，预报B. vision 眼力，远见卓识C. estimate （对数量、成本等的）估计，估价D. talent 天资，天赋【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】foresight的意思为“深谋远虑，先见之明”，指的是有先见之明的人可以正确预测价格变化，因此就可以获得可观的经济收益，强调对事物发展的洞察力，vision与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】那些正确预测价格变化的人往往能从他们的远见中获得经济利益。
7.单选题Experts said that many ailments associated with a loss of normal tissue may be treatable inthis manner.问题1选项A.symptomsB.faultsC.risksD.disorders【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. symptoms 症状B. faults 责任，过错C. risks 危险，风险D. disorders 不适，疾病【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。