新冠话题阅读理解 2篇
2020年中考模拟作文指导与范文——第七期 2020最新模考满分作文(重庆)
2020年3月15日至3月29日，万唯中考先后举办了12省市“线上大模考”，共计57万中考生参加。
在考后第一时间，万唯中考推出线上直播课讲评试卷，最高在线收看达15万人次。
模考远不止于此，3月28日至4月15日，万唯中考研究院针对本次模考失分率较高的试题，在“万唯中考”公众号推出“类题推送”专题，助力考生巩固再提升。
此外，针对语文作文，万唯中考研究院再次精选各省市模考中原汁原味的学生优秀范文，特别推出“2020最新模考满分作文”专题。
今日推送重庆“线上大模考”优秀作文，其他地区也可参考。
重庆（其他地区可作参考）【原题再现】（2020万唯重庆大模考作文）四、写作（55分）22.以下两题，选做一题．．．．。
要求：①内容具体，有真情实感；②除诗歌外，文体不限；③不少于500字；④凡涉及真实的人名、校名、地名，一律用A、B、C等英文大写字母代替；⑤不得抄袭。
（1）我在窗外/你在窗里/窗里亮着灯/窗外下着雨/看不清身影/听得到呼吸/温暖岁首里/我深情望去你在江南/我在塞北/大地同回春/料峭春又寒/手虽不能牵/心却在一起/铿锵誓言/阳光笑脸/武汉加油中国平安一座英雄的城/一群逆行的人/一方有难八方支援/寒冷冬夜因你温暖/武汉加油中国平安/十四亿个祈福/一个心愿/众志成城共渡难关/明日同饮胜利酒/江畔烟花映笑脸这是抗疫歌曲《同你在一起》中的歌词。
其实在生活中，每个人都同他人一起：或同他人一起赏花，或同他人一起拼搏，或同他人一起互相加油……你又同他人一起做了什么呢？请将下面的题目补充完整，写一篇文章。
题目：同你一起（2）阅读下面材料，自选角度．．．．，写一篇文章。
．．．．，自拟题目老鼠用尾巴伸进厨房的香油瓶里沾油卷到嘴里饱餐。
吃完，不忘得意地夸赞：“多好的尾巴啊!有了你，我才吃上了这样香的油。
”猫发现后，日夜“守洞待鼠”。
一天老鼠又用尾巴偷油，不幸被猫逮个正着。
它临终前骂道：“多坏的尾巴啊!没有你，我绝不会送命。
高考英语时事热点话题阅读：热点07 新冠疫情相关的科研进展(学生版+解析版)
高考英语时事热点话题阅读热点07 新冠疫情相关的科研进展一、阅读理解1A doctor named Chepurnov from Siberia conducted a controversial coronavirus immunity test after surviving COVID-19 in March. The 68-year-old Russian doctor spent time with coronavirus-positive patients without wearing a mask to see if he could get a second COVID-19 infection. The doctor was infected a second time and experienced a worse COVID-19 case than he had previously.This unusual coronavirus immunity test can easily be filed under the “only in Russia” section of COVID-19 news. Only in Russia was a coronavirus vaccine approved for mass use before any scientific research was shared with the world an d before the drug cleared the Phase 3 trial. The story gets even crazier, considering the doctor’s age. At 68-years-old, Alexander Chepurnov happens to be the kind of COVID-19 patient most at risk of developing a severe case.Even so, Chepurnov’s controversial experiment isn’t without worth. It’s certainly the kind of experiment that others wouldn’t necessarily approve of, especially in western countries. But it’s the kind of experiment that can yield results — and Chepurnov did get his wish. He was reinfected with COVID- 19 within six months from the first bout. Chepurnov and his research team started to monitor his antibodies. He discovered that they vanished after three months. “The observation showed a fairly rapid decrease,” he told the paper. “By the e nd of the third month from the start of the disease, they ceased to be determined.” This falls in line with other stud ies about COVID-19 antibody life.Chepurnov’s story also seems to fall in line with other studies that say immunity can last for at least 5-7 months. The story also proves that immunity lasts even after the antibodies are gone and suggests that other immune system components are indeed involved in providing prolonged protection. Others theorized that T cells would extend immunity beyond the life of the first batch of antibodies. Chepurnov’s empirical findings are also important for vaccine research. If immunity lasts less than a year, more booster shots (加强针剂) might be needed after the initial doses.But Newsweek points out a problem with the experiment. Because his first case of COVID-19 hasn’t been diagnosed via a PCR test. Also, Chepurnov’s experiment hasn’t been published in a scientific journal, and it’sunclear what scientific rigors were applied. Still, if his findings are accurate, Chepurnov is actually right to warn against using a herd immunity approach to beat the pandemic.1. Why is Chepurnovs experiment considered controversial?A. Its not effective.B. Its too dangerous.C. Its disapproved of by Russia.D. Its not diagnosed via a PCR test.2. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. diseasesB. virusesC. antibodiesD. results3. What is the finding of Chepurnovs experiment?A. COVID-19 immunity lasts permanently in ones body.B. The longevity of COVID-19 antibodies is about 3 months.C. Old patients are most at risk of developing a severe COVID-19.D. Vaccination can protect one from being infected with coronaviruses.4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Siberia is a unique place for treating COVID-19 patients.B. Newsweek found the evidence against herd immunity to COVID-19.C. Researches showed humans produce antibodies if infected with coronaviruses.D. A controversial experiment on coronavirus immunity was conducted in Russia.2Humans are no strangers to widespread viruses,and each time a vaccine(疫苗）is developed, it gives us hope for the future. Now, the world is waiting for a vaccine to fight COVID-19.Scientists worldwide have been rolling up their sleeves to work toward an effective novel coronavirus vaccine.Under the coordination(协调）of the World Health Organization (WHO),up to 172 countries have been engaging with the "largest and most diverse COVID-19 vaccine portfolio",a plan known as the COV AX Global Vaccines Facility.COV AX is a system for joint purchasing and balancing the risks of multiple vaccines. When a vaccine proves to be safe and effective, all countries within the facility will be able to access it, according to Xinhua.The plan is aimed to ensure that all countries, no matter their economic status, can get the vaccine in a timely manner when one is available. It also makes sure that prices will be kept as low as possible.＂A number of vaccines are now in the final stage of clinical trials," said WHO Director-General TedrosAdhanom Ghebreyesus on Aug 24,adding that the goal of COV AX is to deliver at least 2 billion doses of a vaccine by the end of 2021.According to the WHO, at present, nine potential vaccines are part of the portfolio.To guarantee the equal access and fair assignment of COVID-19 vaccines,the WHO has said that the world needs to prevent vaccine nationalism-countries putting their own interests ahead of others in trying to secure supplies of a possible vaccine.＂Vaccine nationalism only helps the virus,"Tedros said, warning that it would lead to a prolonged pandemic(疫情）if only a small number of countries got most of the supply.＂Like an orchestra,we need all instruments to be played in harmony to create music that everyone enjoys," he said.Vaccine development looks promising,as several countries have made great progress. Russia began production of its first batch of a COVID-19 vaccine on Aug 15, according to its health ministry. It's the world's first registered vaccine. Four Chinese vaccine candidates have started international stage-3 clinical trials.5. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Russia is the first country to have made progress in fighting COVID-19.B. COV AX ensures all the countries get the vaccine at the same time.C. WHO plays an important role in fighting COVID-19.D. Scientist have produced 2 billion doses of vaccines.6. What's the author's attitude towards vaccine nationalism?A. Supportive.B. Critical.C. Optimistic.D. Sympathetic.7. Tedros compared fighting COVID-19 to an orchestra to________.A. show his deep love for musicB. make the passage more interestingC. illustrate the similarities in betweenD. stress the importance of cooperation8. What can be the best title for the text ?A. United for vaccineB. Vaccine on the wayC. Fighting against COVID-19D. Say goodbye to COVID-193British scientists monitoring the symptoms(症状) of COVID-19 say a loss of the sense of smell and an inability to taste food should be added to the list of well-known indicators(指标) of COVID-19, which include a high temperature, sore throat, and persistent(持续的) dry cough.The scientists made the discovery after analyzing data collected through an app. The data was gleaned from interactions between 1.8 million users and the app between March 24 and March 31.The team looked at the information harvested from the app and developed a mathematical model that was able to conclude which symptoms in combination were the best at predicting who would subsequently test positive for the disease. The total basket of symptoms included fever, persistent cough, fatigue, diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and loss of smell and taste."When combined with other symptoms, people with loss of smell and taste appear to be three times more likely to have contracted COVID-19 according to our data, and should therefore self-isolate for seven days to reduce the spread of the disease," Tim Spector, the King's College professor who led the study, told the Reuters news agency.However, the team said that a loss of smell and taste can also be an indicator of other infections(感染), such as a common cold, so not everyone with those symptoms will have COVID-19.They said a high fever and persistent cough remain the most important indicators of COVID-19 and the loss of smell and taste should only be noted if they are in combination with other symptoms. So far, Public Health England and the World Health Organization said more research is needed.9. The list of well-known indicators of COVID-19 does not include _______.A. high temperatureB. persistent dry coughC. a loss of the sense of hearingD. sore throat10. What can we learn from Tim Spector’s quote?A. People who have lost the sense of smell and taste should self-isolate for 7 days.B. His team developed a mathematical model to find out the positive cases.C. A loss of smell and taste can also be an indicator of other infections.D. A loss of smell and taste alone can be used as an indicator of COVID-19.11. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The data was collected through an app within two weeks.B. People who can’t smell or taste must have contracted COVID-19.C. A loss of smell and taste should be considered as one of the indicators of contracting the virus.D. Patients of COVID-19 are more likely to lose the sense of smell than those with a common cold.12. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. A common cold and COVID-19.B. Why we lost the ability of smell and taste.C. What we should do during the COVID-19 pandemic.D. New probable symptoms of COVID-19.4In the 1970s, chemist James Lovelock and microbiologist Lynn Margulis developed the Gaia hypothesis（盖亚假说）: all organic and inorganic components on the planet are part of one self-regulating system, working to maintain life on earth. Scientists agree that we need take significant action to control emissions（排放）. But where scientists and popular movements have thus far failed to convince the world to act, it seems that Mother Earth may have succeeded, with the never-before-seen COVID-19. COVID-19 is estimated to have reduced carbon dioxide emission in China by a quarter. It caused factories to shut down, and slowed construction activities. Recent analysis shows a 70 percent drop in flights in February compared with January. And even getting into a car and going to a restaurant, shopping mall, or concert poses a risk of infection, which means that many people are choosing to stay at home and are consuming less, resulting in a significant reduction of their carbon footprints. Of course, China and the rest of the world will hope to restart normal production and consumption as soon as the virus is under control. However, some positive measures have already been taken as a result of COVID-19. As the virus is thought to originate from wildlife, Chinese authorities are revising laws and regulations regarding the country's massive wildlife trade in order to prevent future epidemics（流行病）—a win for biodiversity. The deaths of thousands of people worldwide should also serve as a lasting reminder of the fragility of life. We humans frequently ignore or repress uncomfortable thoughts of death and extinction. We would rather get on with our lives as usual, thinking everything will somehow work out in the end. Only in the face of suffering and death are we forced to view thebigger, longer-term perspective—and this is what is needed in order to react appropriately to climate change. COVID-19 has sent alarm bells ringing throughout the world.13. What does the author mention the Gaia hypothesis for?A. To tell the main idea of the text.B. To introduce the topic for discussion.C. To show the need to protect the planet.D. To stress the importance of self-regulating system.14. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The unexpected benefit of COVID-19.B. The economic influence of COVID-19.C. The preventive measures for COVID-19.D. The possible causes of COVID-19.15. What does the underlined word "repress" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Control.B. Hold.C. Vary.D. Test.16. What does the writer want to tell us in the text?A. It's urgent to fight the virus.B. The virus has caused many deaths.C. Life is fragile in face of disasters.D. Action is needed for climate change.5People with COVID-19 who are asymptomatic can spread the disease without any outward signs that they're sick. But a newly developed AI, with a keen algorithmic ear, might be able to detect asymptomatic cases from the sounds of people's coughs, according to a new study.A group of researchers at MIT recently developed an artificial intelligence model that can detect asymptomatic COVID-19 cases by listening to subtle differences in coughs between healthy people and infected people. Indeed, it is the Alzheimer's model that the researchers adapted in an effort to detect COVID-19.“The sounds of talking and coughing are both influenced by the vocal cords and surrounding organs.” co-author Brian Subirana, a research scientist in MIT's Auto-ID Laboratory said in a statement. “AI can pick up simply from coughs, including thingslike the person's gender, mother tongue or even emotional state. There's in fact sentiment strongly fixed in how you cough.”First, they created a website where volunteers-both healthy and those with COVID-19-could record coughs using their cellphones or computers; they also filled out a survey with questions about their diagnosis and any symptoms they were experiencing. People were a sked to record “forced coughs,” such as the cough you let out when your doctor tells you to cough while listening to your chest with a stethoscope.Through this website, the researchers gathered more than 70,000 individual recordings of forced-cough samples, according to the statement, Of those,2,660 were from patients who had COVID-19,with or without symptoms. They then used 4,256 of the samples to train their AI model and 1,064 of the samples to test their model to see whether or not it could detect the difference in coughs between COVID-19 patients and healthy people.The AI model correctly identified 98.5% of people with COVID-19, and correctly ruled out COVID-19 in 94.2% of people without the disease. For asymptomatic people, the model correctly identified 100% of people with COVID-19, and correctly ruled out COVID-19 in 83.2% of people without the disease.But "whether or not this performs well enough in a real-world setting to recommend its use as a screening tool would need further study,"Lubinsky told Live Science."What's more,further research is needed to ensure the AI would accurately evaluate coughs from people of all age s,’’ he said.17. How does the AI recognize people infected with COVID-19?A. By observing outward sick signs.B. By identifying sounds of coughs.C. By copying the Alzheimer's model.D. By talking to the healthy and the infected.18. On what basis does the AI function as a detecting tool?A. How people catch coughs.B. How people perceive coughs.C. How people make vocal sounds.D. How people release their emotions.19. Which of the following isn't a part of the research?A. V olunteers record coughs.B. V olunteers fill out a survey.C. Doctors ask for forced coughs.D. Researchers train the AI model.20. What is one of the faults of the research?A. The limited age range.B. Failure to evaluate coughs.C. Inaccuracy of the statistics.D. Low rate of identifying cases.6The sudden rise of the new coronavirus (冠状病毒) has shocked China. Although China has been doing everything possible to stop the virus, it has spread outside of its borders and into other regions. There are now confirmed cases of COVID-19 in countries including the UK, Japan, Germany, Vietnam, Russia and the United States.There is a growing fear that the effects of the outbreak will worsen if it is not contained. This has led to countries closing borders with China and putting travel bans in place, hoping to protect their own citizens. However, fear and misinformation have also caused the spread of something else — racism.Restaurants and businesses in many tourist areas across the world have posted signs banning Chinese people. Social media users recently shared a picture of a sign outside a hotel in Rome, Italy. The sign said that “all people coming from China” were “not allowed” in the hotel. S imilar signs with anti-Chinese sentiment (情绪) were also reportedly seen in South Korea, the UK,Malaysia and Canada. These signs were loud and clear —“No Chinese”. Racist actions such as these do a lot more harm than good.“My ethnicity (种族渊源) has made me feel like I was part of a threatening and diseased mass ,” Sam Phan, a master’s student at the University of Manchester, wrote to the Guardian.Edith Bracho-Sanchez, an assistant professor at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, has experience working on health issues that involve internat ional borders. “As human beings, we are afraid of the things we don’t know, but our response should be to educate ourselves, not to further spread … fears and misunderstandings,” she said. Bracho-Sanchez suggested that the media should “stick to the facts”.Phan shared a similar view: “It’s important … to see us in all our diversity, as individual human beings, and to challenge stereotypes (刻板印象). The coronavirus is a human tragedy, so let’s not allow fear to breed (引发) hatred, intolerance and racism.”Instead of spreading misinformation and fueling fearful thoughts, we should do everything we can to support those who are affected by events such as the COVID-19 outbreak. After all, the real enemy is the virus, not the people who are fighting it.21. What do Paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about?A. How COVID-19 has spread outside of China.B. How other countries deal with COVID-19.C. COVID-19 leading to racism against Chinese people.D. COVID-19 affecting business and tourism worldwide.22. What did Bracho-Sanchez tell people with her words?A. The media helps educate people.B. It’s harmful to fear what we don’t know.C. It’s better to keep your fears to yourself.D. It’s helpful to learn about unknown things.23. What attitude does the author hold toward the COVID-19 outbreak?A. She hopes people work together to fight the virus.B. She blames Chinese for spreading the virus abroad.C. She thinks the media is responsible for misinformation.D. She criticizes China for not doing enough to contain the virus.7The CoVID-19 and flu are both respiratory infectious diseases，with similar symptoms including fever and cough，but they aren't the same.Both the CoVID-19 and flu are diseases caused by a virus. In the case of flu the pathogens（病原体）are flu viruses，and for COVID-19，it is a novel coronavirus（新型冠状病毒）.Common symptoms for flu and novel coronavirus are nearly identical-fever，cough and tiredness sometimes sore throat and diarrhea. In several cases they result in pneumonia（肺炎）and even death in the worst cases. Flu has seasonal ups and downs. Although it can exist all year round，the virus infects more people in winter and spring. As for the novel coronavirus，the median age for the infected is 51.But the novel coronavirus is a brand new virus no one has total immunity no matter their age.Both the flu and the novel coronavirus are transmitted in the similar ways，by direct contact with infected patients or small droplets from the nose or mouth when a person with virus coughs or breathes.FIu can be spread by an infected person for several days before their symptoms appear. As for the novel coronavirus，spread might be possible before people show symptoms，but this is not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.For the novel coronavirus，there is also a risk for aerosol transmission（气溶胶传播）In health facilities，people may catch the virus if they breathed in aerosol, the suspension of find solid or liquid particles in the air, which have been contaminated by the virus. The novel coronavirus has also been found in patients’ fe cal (排泄物) samples, butfecal-oral transmission does not appear to be a major transmission route.24. What can we learn about the novel coronavirus?A. It has seasonal changesB. It causes less deaths than flu.C. It may spread among people of all ages.D. It only spread after people show symptoms25. Which of the following is not the way the novel coronations transmit?A. aerosol transmissionB. contact transmissionC. fecal-oral transmissionD. age transmission26. The author’s main purpose of writing the article is probably to .A. prove that flu has less harm to humans than coVID. 1gB. raise people's awareness of protecting their healthC. prove that COVID-19 won't cause human deathsD. provide some suggestions to avoid CoVID-19 infection27. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. New treatment on the novel coronavirusB. the latest research on the COVID-19 and fluC. the difference between the novel coronavirus and fluD. how to identify the CoID-19 and flu on symptoms8Late in 1990, when Paul Kagame was hiding on the Congolese side of the Virunga mountains preparing to invade Rwanda, his army were not the only inhabitants of that thickly forested volcanic range. The Virungas are also home to mountain gorillas (大猩猩). Soldiers are notoriously excited when it comes to wildlife, but Mr. Kagame ordered his men not to shoot the apes. “They will be valuable one day,” he said. He was right.By 2017, with Mr. Kagame now installed as Rwanda’s president, that country’s wil dlife-tourism industry, of which gorilla-watching on the Rwandan side of the Virungas accounts for 90%, was worth around $438 million a year. But now the world’s gorillas, and also their great-ape cousins, the chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans, face another threat from their human neighbours: covid-19.Great apes share about 98% of their DNA with human beings, and are vulnerable to many of the same diseases.So far, there have been no reported cases of wild apes sickening with the new coronavirus (冠状病毒). But research done by Amanda Melin of the University of Calgary, in Canada, and her colleagues, suggests that many primates are at risk.The virus infects people by locking onto ACE2, a protein found on the surface membranes (细胞膜) of certain cells - particularly those of the airways into the lungs. The ape version of ACE2 is, Dr Melin has discovered, identical to the human variety, so apes are likely to be particularly susceptible to SARS-COV-2.Covid-19 is novel, but primatologists (灵长类动物学家) like Dr Wrangham, who is familiar with the harm caused by diseases of human origin, are already worried. They estimate that Ebola virus alone is responsible for the deaths of a third of the world’s wild gorillas over the past three decades. Jane Goodall, a primato logist doing research on chimpanzees in Tanzania is also worried. The country has not enforced a full anti-covid lockdown, so villagers who live around the park could spread the disease to the chimps. Worse still, mountain-gorilla groups are normally harems that have several females but only a single adult male. If this silver-back were to die of covid-19, the females - likely to have been infected as well - would probably disperse to join other groups, spreading the virus further.Mr. de Merode says that if a gorilla tested positive for covid-19, his park “would consider a veterinary (兽医的) intervention to isolate (隔离) and treat the individual, but we would then be in unknown territory”. Most primatologists think isolating a sick ape would be impractical. Rather, laments Dr Wrangham, “we would just have to sit back and watch.”28. From M elin’s research, we can learn that ______.A. wild apes have sickened with covid-19B. many primates are at the risk of dying offC. ACE2 is merely founded in the lungsD. apes are likely to be infected by covid-1929. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①to ⑥represent paragraphs 1 – 6)A. B.C. D.30. From the last paragraph, we can infer that the attitude of the experts concerned towards isolation is ______.A. uncertain and passiveB. disapproving and pessimisticC. optimistic and activeD. enthusiastic and confident9Tech giants Apple and Google are teaming up to create a system that would let smart phone users know when they've come into contact with someone who has COVID-19.The technology would rely on the Bluetooth signals that smart phones can both send out and receive 1aperscn tests positive(阳性) for COVID-19, they could inform public health authorities through an app. Those public health apps would then warn anyone whose smart phones bad come tear the infected person's phone in the previous 14 days. The technology could be used on both Google Android phones and Apple iPhones.The companies insist that they will preserve smart phone users' privacy and their technology will be used only by public health authorities to trace the spread of COVID-19. Smart phone users can choose to use it. The software will not collect data on users' physical locations or their personally identifiable information. People who test positive would remain unknown to the public, both to the people who came in contact with them and to Apple and Goo gle. “Privacy is of greatest importance in this effort,” the companies said in a joint statement.The American Civil Liberties Union has warmed that using cellphone data to handle the pandemic carries risks of “destruction of privacy”. In a statement on Fr iday, ACLU cyber security counsel Jennifer Granick said, The system also can't work well if people don’t trust it”. She said that the joint Apple and Google project “appears to reduce the worst privacy risks, but there is still room for improvement.” She a dded that the contact tracing app should be used only for public health purposes and only for the duration of this pandemic.Public health officials say the contact tracing -finding people who have been in contact with an infected person will be a key step in lifting shelter in-place restrictions.It would allow people who are known to have been exposed to the virus to isolate themselves, while letting others recover normal activities.31. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advertise for public health.B. To introduce a contact tracing system.C. To warn the public of risks of COVID-19.D. To raise people's awareness of privacy protection.32. What do the companies promise to do in particular?A. Warn people who test positive.B. Protect infected people's privacy.C. Work with public health authorities.D. Collect data on users physical locations.33. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggest?A. Public health issues are traced accurately.B. Only people's trust influences the system.C. The system is at the risk of being destroyed.D. Jennifer thinks the system should be better.34. The system is mainly designed to .A. ensure infected people's recoveryB. guarantee people's normal activitiesC. help prevent the spread of COVID-19D. encourage all the people to isolate themselves10The coronavirus pandemic(冠状病毒流行病)is a terrible crisis, of course. But it also presents an opportunity to change the way that research is conducted and shared. The way that researchers respond to COVED-19 right now can serve as a blueprint for that future. Scientists publishing data, ideas and information relating to the coronavirus pandemic on ResearchGate, a professional network that advocates open research, push against the old patterns of scientific culture.Researchers are far more likely to post early — stage research on the websites than we've traditionally seen in other industries. We're seeing people publish shorter, briefer content, and more figures. It's really exciting to see researchers upload more and more preprints(预印本).The urgency of this crisis encourages the global community of researchers to share more freely and work across industries, even as borders remain closed.The way that research is confirmed and shared hasn't changed much over the past decades, or perhaps the last century. We still rely on mysterious systems of peer review(同行评审)and the in- person conference is still a main means of knowledge exchange. The COVED-19 crisis is challenging both: one reason is that it is too slow (it can take six to nine months for a scientist's primary results to be peer-reviewed and appear in a journal), and the other, it is no longer safe. We need to try new ways to do things, in real time, and the ideas that work in this time of crisis will serve us well in the future.At ResearchgGate, we constantly work to improve scientific productivity to enable much-needed breakthroughs. This crisis encourages us to do our best to support researchers in becoming more efficient and more open. We need to connect with all the actors in science to further this change: funders, publishers, institutions and。
高考热点时事话题阅读练习-新冠变异病毒奥密克戎毒株
2022-2023热点时事话题阅读练习66专题(高考模拟+名校真题)专题51 新冠变异病毒奥密克戎毒株（2022·江西·南昌二中一模）In their letters to Santa Claus, most kids ask for toys, dolls or maybe a new Xbox. All Jonah Simons wanted was a coronavirus cure to save the world. That was last year. This holiday season, the 10-year-old Florida boy is back with a different request for Santa.“Dear Santa, it’s Jonah. Do you remember me? I was the one who asked for a covid cure,” he wrote in a letter addressed to the North Pole and shared with CNN. “Thank you so much for the vaccine! You helped save lives. This year, can I please have a Santa costume to spread your joy around the world?”With a relentless virus and threats of the Omicron variant still plaguing a weary nation, Jonah has big plans for the Santa suit. “I want to wear it and go around the neighborhood and spread Santa’s joy, asking people what they want for Christmas,” the fifth-grader said.Jonah turned 10 in July, and instead of gifts he asked his family and friends to donate to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. His birthday effort raised $1,000 in donations from family and friends all over—even his favorite employees at the local Publix store, his mother says.He also marked his birthday by donating his hair to Locks of Love, the charity that makes wigs for kids with cancer or other medical conditions. During a year of lockdown, he teamed up with some friends and grew out his hair to nine inches.Jonah’s good deeds are not limited to birthdays. He works to help his community all year, including donating and sorting food for the homeless with the organization Feeding South Florida, and packing holiday gifts for children.1．What does Jonah want as a Christmas gift this year?A．A covid cure.B．Toys and dolls.C．Anew Xbox.D．A Santa suit.2．Which one of the following doesn’t belong to the good behaviour of Jonah? A．Donating his hair to a charity.B．Sending his birthday gifts to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.C．Wrapping holiday gifts for kids.D．Contributing food to the homeless.3．Which of the following best describes Jonah?A．Kind and courageous.B．Generous and brave.C．Caring and helpful.D．Friendly and innocent.4．What can we infer from the passage?A．Jonah didn’t realize his wish last year.B．The coronavirus is still not under complete control.C．Jonah raised $1,000 from his family and friends all over.D．Jonah wants to wear a Santa suit and go around the neighborhood and spread Santa’s joy.（2022·江苏·高三开学考试）The Omicron Covid variant has been found to multiply about 70 times quicker than the original and Delta versions of coronavirus in tissue samples taken from the bronchus(支气管), the main tubes from the windpipe to the lungs, in laboratory experiments that could help explain its rapid transmission.The study, by a team from the University of Hong Kong, also found that the new variant grew 10 times slower in lung tissue, which the authors said could be an indicator of lower disease severity.Michael Chan, who led the work, said the result needed to be interpreted with caution because severe disease is determined not only by how quickly the virus replicates(复制) but also by a person’s immune response. “It is also noted that by infecting many more people, a very infectious virus may cause more severe disease and death even though the virus itself may be less pathogenic(致病的),” he said. “Therefore, taken together with our recent studies showing that the Omicron variant can partially escape immunity from vaccines and past infection, the overall threat from the Omicron variant is likely to be very significant.”Jeremy Kamil, an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, pointed out that Delta, which turned out to be more pathogenic, showed a similar pattern of replicating more slowly in the lungs. “These authors found Omicron replicates fantastically well--even far better than either Delta or the original virus--in bronchial tissue,” Kamil said. “This could in some ways contribute to an advantage in transmission between people.”Kamil added, “Of course, a huge component of Omicron’s transmissibility in real life is going to be its potential to escape neutralising antibodies that protect against infection in the first place. It’s very likely spreading well even between vaccinated people, especially thosewho haven’t recently gotten a booster shot.”The findings, together with other recent work showing Omicron infects cells more readily, add to an emerging picture that the variant may be intrinsically more transmissible in addition to escaping existing immunity.5．What is the kind of the passage?A．A news report.B．A science fiction.C．A health guide.D．A medicine advertisement.6．What could Jeremy Kamil agree with?A．We should take the result seriously.B．Omicron may cause more severe disease and death.C．Both Omicron and Delta grew slowly in the lungs.D．Those who have gotten a booster shot won’t be infected.7．What can we learn about Omicron?A．It is a new variant of Delta.B．Delta is less pathogenic than it.C．Vaccinated people needn’t worry about it.D．It may pose a great threat to people’s health.8．According to the passage, which of the following may cause Omicron’s transmissibility? A．That many people haven’t been vaccinated.B．That many people refused to wears masks in public.C．That Omicron infects lung cells much more quickly.D．That existing immunity plays a poor part in fighting Omicron.（2022·广东实验中学高二期末）Cases of the omicron variant of the coronavirus popped up in countries on opposite sides of the world on Sunday and many governments rushed to close their borders even as scientists cautioned that it’s not clear if the new variant is more alarming than other versions of the virus.The variant was identified days ago by researchers in South Africa, and much is still not known about it, including whether it is more infectious, more likely to cause serious illness or more able to evade the protection of vaccines. But many countries rushed to act, reflecting anxiety about anything that could prolong the pandemic that has killed more than 5 million people.Israel decided to bar entry to foreigners, and Morocco said it would suspend allincoming flights for two weeks starting Monday. Scientists in several places — from Hong Kong to Europe to North America — have confirmed its presence. The Netherlands reported 13 omicron cases on Sunday, and both Canada and Australia each found two.Dr. Francis Collins, director of the National Institutes of Health in the United States, meanwhile, emphasized that there is no data yet that suggests the new variant causes more serious illness than previous COVID-19 variants. Collins, along with several experts, said that the news should make everyone redouble their efforts to use the tools the world already has, including vaccinations, booster shots and measures such as mask-wearing. “I know, America, you’re really tired about hearing those things, but the virus is not tired of us,” Collins said.As more omicron cases have been found in more countries such as Dutch, Canada, Australia, many countries are introducing travel bans or closing borders, though they go against the advice of the WHO. It has warned against any overreaction before the variant is thoroughly studied, noting that travel restrictions may play “a role in slightly reducing the spread of COVID-19 but place a heavy burden on lives and livelihoods.”Spain announced it won’t admit unvaccinated British visitors starting Dec. 1. David Hui, a respiratory medicine expert in Hong Kong, agreed with that strategy, saying the two people who tested positive for the omicron variant had received the Pfizer vaccine and exhibited very mild symptoms, such as a sore throat.9．What does the underlined word “evade” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．escape from B．help withC．come down with D．engage in10．According to Dr. Francis Collins, we know that ________.A．more and more countries will have to close their borders.B．omicron has already made Americans tired of the disease.C．the new variant has caused more serious illness than the previous one.D．regular public health measures are effective against the variant.11．What can we learn from the passage?A．World Health Organization is against omicron-related travel bans.B．The new variant is thought to have originated in South Africa.C．The previous vaccine is of little use in fighting against omicron.D．Spain has its border closed to foreign travelers including British visitors.12．Which would be the best title for this passage?A．More countries have begun to introduce travel bansB．Great damage caused by a new variant called omicronC．More omicron cases emerge as world rushes to learn moreD．Vaccinations and booster shots recommended to be pushed（2022·广东茂名·高一期末）With the world reporting more cases of Omicron variant (欧米克隆变种) on Tuesday and more Western countries hurry up to close their doors. China, where so far only Hong Kong has reported cases, is calmly and confidently responding to possible challenges with vaccine (疫苗) study and the experience got from China’s zero-COVID policy.Chinese observers said that China will benefit from its COVID-19 policy of preventing cases from home and abroad which continues to show its unique advantages facing Omicron. In comparison, observers reminded that Western countries are likely to be affected by Omicron if the variant is highly infectious (感染的), with their unscientific epidemic (流行病) control measures and overconfidence in vaccines, which has led to the rapid spread of the new variant, an expert told Global Times on Tuesday.But to some Western media, China’s policy means isolation (隔离). CNN said in a report on Monday that as much of the world started to learn to live with COVID-19, China"looked increasingly isolated by comparison”.Chinese observers said that the West’s choice of dealing with COVID-19 is a helpless action as they cannot possibly clear their domestic cases with large numbers of locally transmitted cases, and residents are unwilling to team up with governments. In some countries, even the leaders do not follow their own rules.Biden on Monday call on Americans to wear masks, but he has come under fire for flouting his own rules. He was pictured without a mask covering his face over the Thanksgiving weekend in a shop that had a sign on the window requiring customers to wear face coverings, the BBC reported.13．What is the zero-COVID policy?A．The vaccine can kill all the variants of the epidemic.B．No one goes out and people will close the doors for isolation.C．It is a useful measure to reduce the local infection.D．It is a serious control method to clear the cases.14．What does the underlined word “flouting” mean?A．observing B．hating C．going against D．following 15．Which means does the author NOT use to develop the passage?A．By following the time order.B．By giving examples.C．By making comparisons.D．By quoting.16．What is the main idea of the report?A．Western countries are likely to be affected by Omicron.B．Despite the Omicron variant, it is still under control in China.C．Western choice is helpless when faced with COVID-19.D．Biden call on Americans to deal with the epidemic seriously.（2022·江苏常州·高三期末）China’s existing COVID-19 containment strategy, characterized by firm and rapid response to cut its transmission and block new outbreaks, should be sufficient for dealing with the new Omicron variant（变种）of the novel coronavirus, health experts and officials said recently.They added that the country’s dynamic zero-case policy should continue to be enforced this winter and spring, as new modeling shows that dropping it prematurely would risk causing “a huge outbreak”.Wu Zunyou, a chief epidemiologist, said the new variant appears to be more contagious （传染的）than the Delta variant due to its exceptionally high number of spike mutations.“But no matter how the virus mutates, regular public health measures, such as wearing masks, maintaining social distancing and washing hands, will be effective against all variants,” Wu said.Zhang Wenhong, a well-known doctor from Shanghai, said China’s current “rapid response and dynamic zeroing of new infections” can deal with all variants.The strategy has also enabled China to win a window of opportunity in terms of building up scientific support to fight the virus, he said. Ongoing work includes increasing reserves of vaccines（疫苗）and drugs to support the global battle against the pandemic, and boosting inventories（存货）of China’s public health and medical resources.According to Wu Zunyou, China’s overall epidemic situation remains stable and under control against a backdrop of surging infections globally. “This remarkable outcome is largely due to the central approach of interrupting the spread of the virus, blocking new outbreaks and implementing quarantine（隔离）for incoming travelers,” he said.“By the most conservative estimates, the strategy had avoided 47.8 million COVID-19 infections and 950, 000 related deaths in China,” he said.As the outlook for the pandemic remains serious for this winter and spring, Wu said these measures should continue to be enforced.“Adjustment（调整）of virus control measures should be done extremely carefully and with every detail and procedure being taken into consideration, so as to avoid making mistakes or taking the wrong path,” he said.17．What might be the best title of this newspaper article?A．China’s COVID-19 strategy can cope with Omicron.B．China’s CVID-19 approach has made great achievements.C．New Omicron variant appears to be more contagious.D．New Omicron variant calls for adjustment of measures.18．What can best describe China’s existing strategy?A．Traditional and immature.B．Solid and effective.C．Regular and risky.D．Dynamic and contemporary. 19．According to Zhang Wenhong the current strategy has brought to China a window of opportunity in terms of ______.A．cultural exchanges B．economic recoveryC．scientific preparations D．medical profits20．What can we infer from the passage?A．The Delta Variant of COVID-19 will soon disappear.B．New variant makes it harder to maintain social distancing.C．The dynamic zero-case policy will continue for a while.D．This winter and spring will see fewer cases of infection.参考答案：1．D2．B3．C4．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国Florida的10岁小男孩在新冠疫情期间的愿望，今年他想要一套圣诞老人服装，以此给大家传播快乐。
2020年高考作文北京卷深度解析及范文
解题
2020年北京卷高考作文，在命题风格上保持了固有传统，尊重了试题的稳定性。特别值得一提的是，北京卷作文所选择的素材提到了6月23日的时事，此时离高考只有两周时间，材料之新让人出乎意料，这也起到了很好的“反押题”作用。试题重在启发考生思考个人如何与国家同呼吸、共命运、同发展，体现了“立德树人”的命题原则。这种小切口、大主题的命题思路，有利于考查考生的发散性思维，引导作文教学注重对学生审辨式思维的培养。
2020年高考作文北京卷深度解析及范文
作文题
阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。
2020年6月23日，北斗三号的最后一颗卫星成功发射，标志着我国自主建设、独立运行的北斗卫星导航系统完成全球组网部署。整个系统由55颗卫星构成，每一颗都有自己的功用，它们共同织成一张“天网”，可服务全球。
材料中“每一颗都有自己的功用”，引发了你怎样的联想和思考？请联系现实生活，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇议论文。
世间风急浪高，祖国需要勇于担当、艰苦奋斗的你我。古之圣贤，数不尽的头悬梁，锥刺股；数不尽的“闻鸡起舞，朝五晚九”。反观当下的佛系少年，退缩与逃避反倒成了他们炫耀的资本，“独上小楼成一统”的漠视与麻木也成了他们之间争相效仿的“文艺小清新”。鲁迅曾言：“真正的勇士，敢于直面惨淡的人生，敢于正视淋漓的鲜血。”作为新时代的勇士，我们更要明确责任担当，同心戮力，共克时艰，用奋斗之姿共绘明日蓝图。
答案--高中英语作文热点话题：有关新冠疫情的题目阅读+短文改错+语法填空+写作
短文改错：How does the disease present?Well, from what is known so far, there can be（改为a）the number of symptoms range(改为ranging) from mild to severe. There can be fever and respiratory symptoms such as cough and short(改为shortness) of breath. In more severe case(改为cases), there’s been pneumonia(肺炎), kidney failure(肾衰竭), and death. The mortality rate(死亡率) was(改为is) not known yet.How can we tell if(改为whether) someone is infected or not?The infection can be diagnosed(诊断) by a test calling(改为called) PCR or Polymerase Chain Reaction(聚合酶链反应). This test identifies the virus basing(改为based) on its genetic fingerprint(指纹). There is current(改为currently)no specific medication for the virus and treatment is supportive care. There’s no currently vaccine(疫苗) to protect(+against)the virus. Treatment and vaccines are in development.阅读理解：ReadingIn December 2019, there was a cluster of pneumonia(肺炎) cases in China. Investigations found that it was caused by a previously unknown virus-now named the 2019 Novel Coronavirus. In this text,we’ll take a quick look at what’s currently known about the virus. Keep in mind(记住) that this is a new virus and what’s known about the virus now might change in the future.Coronaviruses(冠状病毒) are a large group of viruses. They consist of a core of genetic material（遗传物质）surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona”and that’s how these viruses get their name.There are different types of coronaviruses that cause respiratory(呼吸的) and sometimes gastrointestinal(胃肠的) symptoms. Respiratory disease can range from the common cold to pneumonia(肺炎). And in most people, the symptoms tend to be mild. However, there are some types of coronaviruses that can cause severe disease. These include the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS即严重急性呼吸综合征，俗称“非典”) coronavirus first identified in China in 2003 and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) in 2012.The 2019 Novel Coronavirus was first identified in China. It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia(肺炎) who’d been associated with a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan. The disease has since spread from those who were sick toothers, including family members and health care staff(员工；全体职员). There are many cases at present and the disease has spread within China and also to a number of other countries.So, where did the virus come from?It’s known that coronaviruses(冠状病毒) circulate in a range of animals. Sometimes these viruses can make the jump from animals to humans. This is called a spillover and could be due to a range of factors such as mutations(变异) in the virus or increased contact between humans and animals. For example, MERS-CoV is known to be transmitted from camels and SARS-CoV, from civet cats(果子狸). The animal reservoir of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus is not known yet.Questions：1.Why was the novel virus named “coronavirus”?Because coronaviruses(冠状病毒) are a large group of viruses. They consist of a core of genetic material（遗传物质）surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona”and that’s how these viruses get their name.2.Was 2019-nCoV transmitted from bats(蝙蝠)?No.The animal reservoir of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus is not known yet.3.How many types of coronaviruses are introduced in the passage? There are three different types of coronaviruses introduced in the passage.These include the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus first identified in China in 2003, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) in 2012, and the 2019 Novel Coronavirus.语篇填空：How do we prevent transmission of the virus?This new virus currently has a 1 (limit) geographic spread. 2 , there are a number of standard hygiene(卫生) practices 3 have been recommended to protect against infection and further spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the appropriate useof 4 (mask) and personal protective equipment, 5 (especial) in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub. Actions that can be taken to prevent infection from______6____animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they 7 (consume).8 is important to stay home if you’re feeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty 9 (breath) , seek medical care early and share your previous travel history 10 your healthcare provider.答案：1.limited2.However3. that/which4.masks5. especially6.an7. are consumes8. it9. breathing 10. with写作：倡议书——从小事做起共战疫情假定你是学生会主席李华，当前新冠状病毒肆虐，请你围绕“从小事做起共战疫情”这一主题，给全校学生写一封英文倡议书。
2020年中考语文作文专题训练-疫情作文01(有范文解析)
2020年中考语文作文专题训练-疫情作文01一、材料作文慧眼识“疫”材料一：疫情下的中国速度只用10天时间，7000余名建设者日夜鏖战，建筑面积7.5万平方米、容纳1600张床位的火神山医院拔地而起。
“中国速度”，疫情之下再一次充分展现。
……材料二：疫情中的人性“哪有什么岁月静好，只不过是有人为你负重前行”。
军人、警察、维和战士、消防官兵……他们是我们时代的英雄。
我们都希望生活是充满爱和善的。
但似乎随便哪一天点开新闻，事实就会告诉我们绝非如此。
永远不要高估人性的善，永远不要低估人性的恶。
而最深的“人性之善恶”，往往存在于你平静的生活。
……材料三：疫情中的你我师生们都说，多少年后，再回望这个2020年初的寒假，一定会发现，我们上了一堂特殊的课程。
小小的肩膀，自此懂得了担当、收获了成长。
…………面对疫情，谁都不是旁观者。
参考材料，现在请你把在这次疫情中“看”到的最深刻的东西写下来。
写作要求：立意自定，文体为记叙文或议论文；题目自拟。
字数600左右；不能引用材料内容，卷面整洁，禁用涂改用品；写出自己的心声。
【范文及解析】范文：抗击疫情，礼赞英雄有一座城市，叫众志成城；有一批战士，叫白衣天使;有一种精神，叫逆流而上；有一种信心，叫万众一心!——题记2020年的春节，在所有中国人的心里，注定是一个永生难忘的记忆。
新型冠状病毒的肆虐，让辞旧迎新的钟声更加沉重，人们脸上的那一个个口罩，让这个春节倍感冷清。
这个冬天，梅花依然宁静地开放;这个冬天，蓝天依旧明净如洗；这个冬天的武汉却非常艰难，全国人民却非常艰难。
在这特殊的日子里，我们谨遵医嘱，静静地待在家中。
我们为武汉忧心忡忡，我们为治愈病例的增多而感到高兴，为武汉的人们牵肠挂肚。
与此同时，有一群人，他们正冲在前方，用自己的平凡之躯为身后的亿万中国人筑起防护的堡垒,他们舍小家为大家，不眠不休，战斗在这场没有硝烟的战场上的最前沿。
他们是来自全国各地的最美逆行者，他们是新时代的最美先锋人物，他们是可亲可敬的白衣天使。
牛津版：2020 年中考英语话题复习阅读训练 新冠肺炎(含答案)
2020年中考话题新冠肺炎（GOVID-19）Passage1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Everyone knows about COVID-19(2019冠状病毒病). It is a terrible disease. We should know how to protect ourselves from __1_________ (get) COVID-19. You should remember these __2__________ (idea).•Stay at home. We should stay at home. Don' t go out. If you get home from Wuhan, you must stay at home for at least fourteen __3___________ (day) If you have to go out, you must wear a mask.•Awash hands often. Washing hands is a good way __4________ (keep) away from diseases. You should_5(wash) hands for at least 20 seconds.•Drink enough water. You should drink about 1, 500 milliliters(毫升) of water every day. If you don’t drink en ough water, you may fall ill __6________(easy).•Try to talk with others face to face Do you have to talk with others face to face?You can do it on __8________ Internet. If you have to do it, stay at least one meter away_9 him or her.•Keep healthy. You can take exercise at home. You should eat __10_________ (health). Getting enough sleep is also a way to keep healthy.1. ____________2. ____________3. ____________4. ____________5. ____________6. ____________7. ____________8. ____________9. ____________ 10. ____________答案：1. getting2. ideas3. days4. to keep5. wash6. easily7. not8. the9. from10. healthilyPassage2阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2024_2025学年新教材高中语文第一单元思辨性阅读与表达任务群单元素养检测含解析部编版必修下册
单元素养检测(一)(120分钟,120分)一、阅读鉴赏(50分)(一)阅读下面《齐桓晋文之事》一文中的文字,完成1～5题。
(25分)曰:“挟太山以超北海,语人曰:‘我不能。
’是诚不能也。
为长者折枝,语人曰:‘我不能。
’是不为也,非不能也。
故王之不王,非挟太山以超北海之类也;王之不王,是折枝之类也。
老吾老,以及人之老;幼吾幼,以及人之幼:天下可运于掌。
《诗》云:‘刑于寡妻,至于兄弟,以御于家邦．．。
’言举斯心加诸彼而已。
故推恩足以保四海,不推恩无以保妻子。
古之人所以大过人者,无他焉,善推其所为而已矣。
今恩足以及禽兽而功不至于百姓者独何与权然后知轻重度然后知长短物皆然心为甚王请度之”……曰:“然则小固不行以敌大,寡固不行以敌众,弱固不行以敌强。
海内之地,方千里者九,齐集有其一。
以一服八,何以异于邹敌楚哉?盖亦反其本矣?今王发政施仁,使天下仕者皆欲立于王之朝,耕者皆欲耕于王之野,商贾皆欲藏于王之市,行旅皆欲出于王之涂,天下之欲疾其君者皆欲赴诉于王。
其若是,孰能御之?”王曰:“吾惛,不能进于是矣。
愿夫子辅吾志,明以教我。
我虽不敏,请尝试之。
”曰:“无恒产而有恒心者,惟士为能。
若民,则无恒产,因无恒心。
苟无恒心,放辟邪侈,无不为已。
及陷于罪,然后从而刑之,是罔民也。
焉有仁人在位,罔民而可为也?是故明君制民之产,必使仰足以事父母,俯足以畜妻子,乐岁终身饱,凶年免于死亡;然后驱而之善,故民之从之也轻。
今也制民之产,仰不足以事父母,俯不足以畜妻子,乐岁终身苦,凶年不免于死亡。
此惟救死而恐不赡,奚暇治礼义哉?王欲行之,则盍反其本矣:五亩之宅,树之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣;鸡、豚、狗、彘之畜,无失其时,七十者可以食肉矣;百亩之田．．．．,勿夺其时,八口之家可以无饥矣;谨庠序．．之教,申之以孝悌．．之义,颁白者不负戴于道路矣。
老者衣帛食肉,黎民不饥不寒,然而不王者,未之有也。
”1.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(3分) ( )A.今恩足以及禽兽/而功不至于百姓者/独何与/权/然后知轻重/度/然后知长短/物皆然/心为甚/王请度之/B.今恩足以及禽兽/而功不至于百姓者/独何与/权然后知轻重/度然后知长短/物皆然/心为甚/王请度之/C.今/恩足以及禽兽而功不至于百姓者/独何与/权/然后知轻重/度/然后知长短/物皆然/心为甚/王请度之/D.今/恩足以及禽兽而功不至于百姓者/独何/与权/然后知轻重/度/然后知长短/物皆然/心为甚/王请度之/【解析】选A。
新高考语文 (新高考)2021届小题必练17 信息类文本阅读+古代诗词鉴赏+默写+语言文字应用 学生
一、阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一：生态文学在中国发展的时间不长，仍是一个新兴的文学形态。
生态文学作家们努力探索和尝试，让生态文学理念和实践在中国大地扎下根来。
总结当代生态文学创作面貌，主要有以下三方面特质。
报告文学表现突出，多种文学体裁并进。
早期生态文学多采取第一人称叙述视角，文学形式以报告文学和散文居多。
报告文学如徐刚写沙漠化防治的《穿越风沙线》，岳非丘写长江污染防治的《只有一条长江》等，可谓第一人称表达范例。
散文如苇岸写华北大平原上动物、植物及农事活动的《大地上的事情》等，影响深远。
近年来，小说和儿童文学领域也不乏生态文学佳作，带给我们惊喜。
长篇小说周建新写人与海的《老滩》，儿童文学如黑鹤写动物的《银狐》等，都可圈可点。
全面观照生态文明建设各领域进展。
近年来，大气、水、土壤污染防治以及植被保护成效明显，生态文学作家以自觉的使命感和担当精神，关注和思考生态环境问题，热情讴歌和礼赞生态环境保护者。
陈启文《穿越共和盆地》真实记录与反映新中国治沙成就，李云峰《汾河行思录》关注水土保持生态建设，等等。
这些作品涉及生态文明建设多个领域，呼吁人们提高生态环保意识，以更大力度、更多措施开创社会主义生态文明建设新局面。
以与时俱进的生态文明理念为当代文学增添新质。
生态文学特征是什么？通过研究作家创作活动和作品，不难发现，生态文学一个重要特征是突出作家置身自然的体验和感受，或者说，作家对人与自然关系的认识及其体验和感受，这是生态文学的独特之处。
生态文学作家将人类社会与自然生态作为一个整体进行观照，无论记人、叙事、状物、抒情，或是回溯历史、描摹心灵，都能从关注自然生态到走入人类内心，关注人类普遍精神生态。
作家们以人文主义情怀，对人类社会生态问题进行理性深刻的剖析与反省，努力探寻人类走出生态困境的可能出路。
（选自李青松《生态文学绿意盎然》，2020年4月3日《人民日报》）材料二：新冠肺炎病毒正在全球肆虐的时候，生态文学的话题似乎有了更多的关注度。
2022中考语文现代文阅读真题：禁足
四、【2022年河南】阅读下文，完成问题。
禁足①可可是某小学的五年级女生。
2020年春节刚过，爸爸妈妈作为医院的骨干就同其他医护人员一起去武汉支援抗“疫”了，把她和她的小狗“木木”送到了爷爷家。
②过了两天，爸爸妈妈跟她和爷爷视频时，说武汉目前有很多人家缺口罩，如果家里口罩多的话，可以捐一些。
家里并没有存多少口罩，可可想了想，拿出自己带来的口罩对爷爷说：“爷爷，我也捐一些吧。
我粉尘过敏，同学们给我送过口罩，我不能只接受别人的关心却不关心别人。
我可以两星期不出门，这样就能省下不少口罩了。
”爷爷把可可搂在怀里说：“可可真是好孩子，能和爸爸妈妈一样为抗‘疫’作贡献了。
”③从那天中午起，可可就开始了自我“禁足”。
④白天，爷爷去社区做志愿者，可可一个人在家，写写作业，逗逗“木木”，看看课外书……晚上，可可跟爷爷一起看看电视，听爷爷讲讲外面的事……三天很快过去了，她对自己取得的“成绩”多少有点儿骄傲了。
⑤但是，到第五天上午，可可面对的考验升级了。
⑥这一天，天气非常好，蓝天白云，风和日丽，像春天般暖和。
她站在窗前，打开窗子，呼吸新鲜空气。
突然，一个念头涌上来：“天气真好啊！下楼转转吧，就一会儿。
”爷爷养的八哥“老八”在自说自话：“好球！好球！”“玩玩去……玩玩去……”“老八”的话让她难以抑制想出门的念头。
“木木”听到“老八”的话兴奋起来，闹着要出门。
可可想出去的愿望像决了堤的河水，再难控制。
“好吧，那就陪你出去走走。
”⑦“木木”已经把它的绳套叼到了门口，可可已经戴上了口罩，已经拿起了钥匙，已经站在门前了。
就在这时，家里的电话响了，是班主任打来的。
老师关切地询问了她的情况，还表扬了她。
原来，可可把她捐口罩和自我“禁足”的事告诉了好朋友冉冉，冉冉又将这事告诉了老师。
接完电语，可可缓缓地在椅子上坐下来，她有些不好意思。
她想，仅仅为了在小区走一圈就用掉一个口罩，是不是太不值得了？⑧午饭时，爷爷说：“可可，你已经五天没出门了吧？你不用对自己这么严格，也有小朋友在楼下玩，你如果非常想出去，用一个口罩也不算浪费。
热点05 疫苗的作用及其研发等(原卷版)-备战2021年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练
备战2021年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练热点05 疫苗的作用及其研发等一、阅读理解1Scientists around the world are racing to create and test vaccines（疫苗）to help protect people against the novel coronavirus（新冠病毒）. They are making progress, but it will be quite a while before any vaccines are ready.There are many different ways to make vaccines. At least 115 different vaccines for the novel coronavirus are being developed around the world right now. Many of them may not work or may have side effects that can be dangerous. That is why testing is very important.Before a vaccine is ever tested on humans, it's first tested on animals to make sure it seems safe. Testing the vaccine on humans is done in several different phases（阶段）. In Phase 1, a small group of people are given small amounts of the vaccine to see if it has any bad effects. Phase 2 still tests the vaccine’s safety, but it's mainly a test to see if the vaccine seems to work, If Phase 2 goes well, the vaccine can begin Phase 3. During Phase 3, the vaccine is tried on a much larger group of people to see how well it works.Because of the serious and worldwide impact（影响）of the novel coronavirus, there is huge pressure to develop a working vaccine quickly. It normally takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well. Now drug companies are hoping to create working vaccines in 12 or 18 months.But health experts also warn that rushing too much could be dangerous. A vaccine with harmful effects could cause more problems than it solves.1. According to the passage, the scientists who are making vaccines are ____________.A. hard-working and carefulB. patient and easy-goingC. kind and curiousD. caring and brave2. How long does it take to create working vaccines in the usual way?A. Less than six years.B. More than ten years.C. Twelve to eighteen months.D. About seven years.3. Which of the following is TRUE?A. There are only three phases in testing vaccines.B. Working vaccines must be created in a short time.C. Vaccines have already been developed.D. Rushing too quickly in creating vaccines may bring more problems.4. What's the best title of the passage?A. Rush for a VaccineB. Fight against the DiseaseC. Protect People against the VirusD. Create Working Vaccines2It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up，you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu (流感) that’s been going around?A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But it’s usually easy to deal with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week.On the other hand，the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine，the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine(疫苗)，it can stop you from getting the virus. Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu，the antibodies should help you.The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore，there are so many types of flu，such as HINI and H5Nl. The antibodies for one type of flu can’t help us against all types of flu. That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year.However，good health habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system（增强免疫系统）.5. If you have a common cold，usually you’ll feel better after .A. a weekB. two weeksC. ten daysD. twenty days6. According to the passage，which is True of the flu?A. It first happened in l919.B. It usually doesn’t give you fever.C. It is easy to deal with.D. It can kill people sometimes.7. We need to get a flu vaccine every year because .A. we probably have a cold in winterB. the flu virus changes every few yearsC. the flu is very dangerousD. you don’t need to take any medicine after that8. The following ways can help stop the flu EXCEPT .A. staying indoorsB. getting regular exerciseC. eating healthy foodD. washing our hands often3Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus began in Wuhan in Dec 2019, China has mobilized (调动) the power of the whole country. Now, epidemic (疫情) control and prevention efforts are starting to take effect.According to a key meeting held on Feb 21, the spread of the epidemic is being contained. On Feb 24, mainland areas outside of Hubei reported nine new infections (感染), the first single— digit (个位数) increase in weeks, according to the National Health Commission.Vaccine (疫苗) development is also progressing. Some vaccines have been tested on animals, according to the Ministry of Science and Technology. “If vaccine development is compared to building a house, we have laid the foundation (地基) and the building is starting to emerge (出现) from the ground,” Zen g Yixin, deputy director of the National Health Commission, said to China Daily.However, the turning point of the epidemic is yet to come. After millions of people return to work in major cities, the number of new infections should be kept low for two weeks. This is expected to be a turning point in China, according to the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies. But the situation in Hubei is still serious.The situation outside of China is concerning. As of 4 pm on Feb 27, the total number of confirmed (确诊) infections in South Korea had risen to 1,766, Xinhua reported. Italy had reported 470 confirmed cases as of Feb 26, as well as 12 deaths. Singapore, Japan and Iran have also found cases.“The window of opportunity (the best time to contain the outbreak) may be closing,” said WHO Director—General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. He called on the international community to act quickly tocontrol the epidemic before the window closes completely.9. How many new infections were reported in mainland areas outside of Hubei on Feb 24?A. 0B. 9C. 12D. 47010. What is the latest news about vaccine development, according to the passage?A. A special hospital is being built to develop vaccines.B. Some of the vaccines have started to take effect.C. Scientists still need to figure out how vaccines work.D. Scientists have started to test some vaccines on animals.11. The underlined phrases “yet to come” in the 4th paragraph means________.A. 已经到来B. 即将到来C. 尚未到来D. 不会到来12. The last two paragraphs tell us that________..A. African countries are not affected by the epidemicB. we have missed the best time to control the epidemicC. the virus appears to be more dangerous outside of ChinaD. immediate action is needed globally to control the epidemic13. What can we infer from the story?A. China is no longer the center of the epidemic.B. The turning point in Hubei will come in two weeks.C. It is still not time for us to lower our guard.D. New hospitals will be built in other countries.3_________Three COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) have entered phase II clinical trials (临床试验) in Beijing, said a health official on Sunday.Xu Qiang, head of the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, said that Beijing has arranged 21 science and technology projects in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic. Five innovative drugs have been approved (批准) for clinical trials, and all of them have entered phase II clinical studies, he said at a routine press conference on COVID-19 prevention and control.Shanghai schoolsShan ghai’s public kindergartens will reopen on June 2, also first, second and third-graders of elementary schools in the city will return to school on the same day as the epidemic wanes.The junior students can choose to continue their online education at home if necessary, which will last till the end of this semester. From June 2, private kindergartens in Shanghai can decide their own time to resume classes after getting approval.Online learningChinese high school students have the most positive attitude toward online learning compared with those in the United States, Japan and the Republic of Korea, a report released by China Youth Daily has found.The report showed that most of the surveyed students in the four countries embrace online learning. A total of 87.1 percent of Chinese students said “online learning is important,” while 91.2 percent found “online learning is interesting,” higher than that of any of the other three countries. More than 94 percent of Chinese high school students believe online learning can expand (扩大) their scope of knowledge, while 86.8 percent believe they can learn from first-class teachers via the Internet, according to the report.14. Choose the best subheading (小标题) to put in the blank.A. Virus vaccinesB. Press conferenceC. Clinical studiesD. COVID-1915. What does the underlined word “wane” mean?A. killB. appearC. become weakerD. destroy16. Which sentence is correct according to the passage?A. The junior students have no choice but to return to school.B. 5 COVID-19 drugs have entered phase II clinical studies.C. Chinese primary school students have a positive attitude towards online learning.D. More than 90 percent of Chinese students said online learning is important.17. What can you infer according to the passage?A. The online courses in Shanghai will not end until the end of this term.B. Chinese high school students don't like online learning.C. China has not achieved any success in the development of COVID-19 vaccine.D. Students in private kindergartens in Shanghai may return to school in June.4Sometimes vaccines（疫苗）do not provide lifetime immunity（免疫）. Some are only effective（有效）for a limited amount of time. In such cases，shots are necessary to maintain continuous vaccine protection. These shots are given at regular time. One vaccine，the flu （流感）vaccine，must be given every year. This is because there are many kinds of the flu.A vaccine given in one year may provide protection against certain kinds of the flu virus，but when the next year’s flu seaso n starts，vaccination against newer or different kinds may be required. Furthermore，flu vaccines do not provide protection for a lifetime. After as little as one year，protection may be far less than enough.18. According to the passage，if you have a flu vaccine，you will be protected from flu _____________.A. for a yearB. for every yearC. in the whole lifeD. for two years19. The reason why one needs to have vaccine for flu every year is that____________.A. flu cannot be curedB. flu can never dieC. flu would change every yearD. flu never change20. When the flu season starts，new_______ are needed.A. patientsB. virusesC. doctorsD. vaccines21. According to the passage，which of the following sentence is TRUE？A. One must have flu vaccine. or he will die.B. Flu vaccines cannot protect a person for the whole life.C. Vaccines never really protect people.D. Children should not be given vaccines.22. What is the best title of the passage？A. A Vaccine. Lifetime Immunity.B. Vaccine Can Protect YouC. How to Deal with FluD. Vaccine Helps，but Not Lifetime Immunity5"I spent my whole life doing one thing", Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as "the father of sugar pills (糖丸) ",Gu passed away at age 92 on January 2, 2019. Eight months later, he received a national honorary- title (荣誉称号) "the People's Scientist" for his polio (脊髓灰质炎) research.Gu Fangzhou, a famous medical scientist, was born in June. 1926. Gu's family faced a difficult time with the sudden death of his father. He studied hard and finally entered Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health.In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong. Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed (使瘫痪) 1. 680 people, mostly children aged below seven. It spread to neighboring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Gu was asked to lead polio research in 1957. "At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine (疫苗) , " said Gu.In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the " sugar - coated pill" vaccine in the early 1960s. It not only tasted better but was more affordable and easier to keep. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one - month - old son was vaccinated. This inspired his team to vaccinate their kids. They became the first group of people in China to try a polio vaccine. "If we don' t believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it?" said Gu.Gradually, the sugar - coated polio vaccine was made available in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids, from being disabled. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that China was already a polio - free country. "We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and your kids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That's all we hoped for. "23. Which is the right order of the following events?① Gu Fangzhou lost his father.② Gu Fangzhou went to university.③ Gu Fangzhou became "the People’s Scientist".④ Gu Fangzhou developed the sugar 一coated polio vaccine.A. ①②④③B. ②①③④C. ②③①④D. ③①②④24. The third paragraph mainly tells us .A. how Gu Fangzhou’s research was doneB. why Gu Fangzhou carried out his researchC. what difference Gu Fangzhou's research madeD. what difficulties Gu Fangzhou faced while doing his research25. Who was the first person to try the polio vaccine in China?A. Gu Fangzhou’s son.B. Gu Fangzhou’s partner.C. Gu Fangzhou’s partner's kid.D. Gu Fangzhou himself.26. The writer wrote the passage mainly to _________.A. give facts about the polio vaccineB. introduce a great medical scientistC. report an important medical inventionD. describe the hard work of preventing polio二、完型填空Cold weather, central heating, and falling leaves all these things mean 27 flu season has arrived.28 you shouldn't take flu lightly. Flu season comes every year from October 29 April. This year has been especially bad, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （美国疾病防控中心CDC）.The flu is 30 illness caused by the influenza virus. It is different from the common cold in that it can strike suddenly and it is much 31 . The flu can 32 serious dehydration（脱水）and liver （肝脏）damage , both of which can kill people.33 is especially dangerous for children and elderly people to have flu, since they have 34 immune （免疫）system. In 2018, 142 children in the US 35 the flu during this flu season, according to CDC. These deaths are not limited to the USA. In China, many people die from the flu each year 36 . An elderly man in Beijing died from the flu this season, 37 led to a wide discussion online. The man's family didn't know how serious the flu was, just like many 38 who don't understand the flu very well.What can you do to keep the flu away? Hygiene is important--- take a shower every day and wash your hands often. Do not spend time around people 39 have the flu. And if you can, get a flu vaccine this is a type of special medicine that can help prevent the flu. All of these things can keep you 40 during flu season. If you are stick with the flu, stay home 41 spreading it to others.27. A. which B. who C. that D. whose28. A. But B. And C. Or D. However29. A. in B. to C. at D. on30. A. the B. / C. a D. an31. A. serious B. seriously C. more seriously D. more serious32. A. cause B. caused C. have caused D. had caused33. A. This B. It C. Which D. That34. A. weak B. more weak C. weaker D. weakest35. A. die of B. died from C. died of D. had died from36. A. as well B. also C. too D. either37. A. which B. who C. that D. why38. A. another B. others C. the others D. the other39. A. when B. where C. who D. whose40. A. safety B. safely C. more safe D. safe41. A. prevent B. prevents C. to prevent D. will prevent三、短文填空请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
【新冠病毒肺炎疫情专题】热点时文阅读 词汇积累 高考作文预测7(含答案)(the novel coronavirus )
时文阅读People just refer to the Novel Coronavirus as the coronavirus.很多时候大家就直接说冠状病毒了。
The coronavirus outbreak is spreading rapidly.冠状病毒的疫情发展非常迅速。
The novel coronavirus can lie dormant for days. Now researchers are not sureexactly how many days the virus can lie dormant, but most believe is around 14days.现在研究还不能确定到底潜伏期是多久，但是大多数认为是14天。
This novel coronavirus can lie dormant for days, so is almost undetectable.这个冠状病毒有多天的潜伏期，所以几乎不可测。
If previous outbreaks of coronavirus are any indication, the Wuhan strain that is now spreading may eventually be traced back to bats. But one bat can host many different viruses without getting sick.如果历史上爆发的冠状病毒能给我们提供一些借鉴，那么当下正在肆虐的这种源自武汉的新病毒最后可能也被追溯到蝙蝠身上。
但是一只蝙蝠可以携带多种病毒而自己并不生病。
Dr. Peter Daszak, president of Eco Health Alliance, who has been working in Chinafor 15years studying diseases that jump from animals to people, stressed that stopping the sale of wildlife in markets is essential to curtail future outbreaks. But monitoring and studying wildlife, like bats, is equally important.彼得•达斯扎克博士是生态健康联盟的主席，他在中国已经工作了15 年，主要研究动物传染给人类的疾病。
2023年河南省中考模拟卷(四)语文试题
语文中考模拟卷（四）姓名：分数：（考试时间：120分钟满分：120分）一、积累与运用（共21分）1．阅读下面的文字，完成(1)～(3)题。
(6分)亲爱的同学，请用心走好人生的每一步。
在还未懂得人情事故的年龄里丰盈生命的背n áng（），在喧嚣（）的世界里保持理性的jiān（）默，在无涯的学海上追寻梦想的踪迹。
当我们追溯．（）过去时，会发现：在生活的故事里，使我们获得许多人生的启示。
（1）给加点字注音，根据拼音写汉字。
（4分）喧嚣．（）追溯．（）背náng（） jiān（）默（2）找出文段中的错别字并加以改正。
改为（1分）（3）画线句子有语病，请将修改意见写在下面。
(1分）修改意见：2.古诗文默写。
（8分）（1）________________，不亦君子乎。
（《论语》）（2）无言独上西楼，月如钩，________________。
（李煜《相见欢》）（3）郦道元的《三峡》中，“________________，________________”以只能在正午见日、子夜见月从侧面表现三峡隐天蔽日之势。
（4）以声传情，情真意切；以声绘景，形象生动。
“________________，________________”（李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》）以杜鹃悲啼烘托出自己闻听友人远谪时哀伤愁恻的气氛；“________________，________________”（李贺《雁门太守行》）以边塞号角声长鸣将苍凉悲壮、惊心动魄的战斗场面展现出来。
3．下列选项的表述不正确的一项是（2分）A．老生是戏曲行当之一，扮演中年以上的男性角色。
B.《诗经》亦名《诗三百》，是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，是现实主义文学的开端，它收集了自西周至春秋的诗歌305篇。
C．“铭”是一种刻在器物上用来警戒自己或称述功德的文字，后来发展成为一种文体。
这种文体一般不讲究用韵。
D．黄发，旧说是长寿的特征，用来指老人。
垂髫，垂下来的头发，用来指小孩。
非连续性文本主题：热点话题+新冠疫情
•
---选自《人民日报》
• 材料四：
• 对经济短期冲击不可避免。在疫情影响下，一季度中国经济将遭遇不小创 伤，尤其是餐饮、住宿、旅游、娱乐等行业。“从1月23日开始，酒店的 入住率直线下滑，现在的业务量同比往年春节减少95%以上，相当于跌到 了地板上。”在浙江杭州，一家连锁酒店加盟商周青松告诉半月谈记者，
能体现社会公平性。 • D. 由于大部分普通家庭的孩子没有高考加分机会，出于对自己孩子公平的考
虑，受访者更期待国家取消各种高考加分项目。
• 4. 结合三则材料，联系实际谈谈你对高考加分的看法。（2分）
示例：高考加分有存在的必要。但应该减少加分的项目和分值，严格加 分的制度和审核，确保高考的公平性。(共2分。意思对即可)
三、新冠疫情
• 阅读下面的文本,完成下列小题
• 材料一：
• 冠状病毒是一大类病毒，新型冠状病毒肺炎，由严重急性呼吸系统综合 征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染后引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病。现
已将该病纳入《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的乙类传染病，并 采取甲类传染病的预防、控制措施。严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）是一种先前尚未在人类中发现的新型冠状病毒。临床表
• “我的车刚走，下一站天门南，我下车回武汉。”1月22日，已经踏上返乡过 年旅程的武汉大学人民医院病理科医生吴小艳，得知医院发布医疗支援的号召 后，第一时间下车返汉，成为一名“逆行者”。
•
---选自《人民日报》
• 南方医科大学南方医院，千名医护人员，请战抗击新冠肺炎，他们按下自己的 红手印，发出铮铮誓言：“若有战，召必回，战必胜！”
作为普通家长的陈女士对于高考加分有质疑，她告诉记者，大多数的家长对 加分保持高度警惕，认为加分给了一些人钻空子的机会，并对一些加分项目 表达不满。北京一位既是中学教师又是考生家长的丁先生表示，近几年随着 高校招生改革进程的加快，一些高考加分项目实际上在高校自主招生中已经 有所考虑，这样，两者在优惠政策的制度设计上其实存在一定的重叠。记者 在随机抽样调查中发现，被调查区域内的绝大多数农村考生家长认为自己的 孩子无缘高考加分。今年19岁的张桓（化名），2012年高考“裸分”全县前 30名的他进入录取环节后，名次跌至70多名，最后无缘自己心仪的学校。张 桓的经历，实际上折射出农村学生在高考竞争中无法遮蔽的劣势。
山西省运城市稷山中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考语文试题(含答案)
稷山中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考语文试题2023年3月现代文阅读（一）现代文阅读I（本题共4小题，13分）阅读下面的文字，完成1—4题。
材料一：中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系之所以具有强大生命力和巨大优越性，一个重要原因在于其深深根植于中华优秀传统文化，具有深厚历史底蕴。
坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度，需要立足本土、深耕沃土，对中华优秀传统文化进行创造性转化、创新性发展，使之与时代进步相适应、与社会发展相协调，用文化滋养助推制度建设。
在漫长的历史演进中，中华民族创造出独树一帜的灿烂文化，形成了天下为公、四海一家、民惟邦本、德主刑辅、礼义廉耻、选贤任能、革故鼎新、亲仁善邻、以和为贵等一系列价值理念，形成了一整套国家制度和国家治理体系。
其中的精华是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，其作用于国家制度、运用于国家治理，在中华民族历史发展进程中不断充实和完善，为中国人乃至全人类认识世界、改造世界提供有益启迪，对于当代中国制度形成和发展的影响是全面、深刻的，需要勇于并善于借鉴，不断推陈出新。
孟子曰：“天下之本在国，国之本在家，家之本在身。
”这体现中华优秀传统文化中修身、齐家、治国、平天下的价值观念。
在中国人的眼里，国和家紧密相联，国由家组成，家是国的细胞，家庭是国家和谐安定的基础；家庭秩序是国家秩序的前提和保障，家齐才能国治。
在这种治理模式下，国家治理与家庭治理息息相关，家庭伦理与爱国情怀高度一致，强调正确对待个人、社会与国家的关系，个人利益服从集体利益、民族和国家利益。
这一价值内涵已深深融入中国人民的血脉，成为坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度不可或缺的文化基因。
德主刑辅是我国古代基本的治国方略，其发端于西周“明德慎罚”的观念。
孔子继承这一思想，主张“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻；道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格”，倡导为政以德。
以董仲舒为代表的汉代儒家，主张前德而后刑、大德而小刑、务德而不务刑的观点，确立德主刑辅的法制原则。
2023届高考英语最新热点时文阅读：新冠病毒源头与介绍——热点话题阅读与题型专练
话题：新冠病毒源头与介绍距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附靠前30天复习方法。
【01】Where did novel corona-virus come from?As COVID-19 is spreading throughout the world, an important question has yet to be answered: where did the virus come from?The latest study indicated that pangolins (穿山甲) may be an intermediatehost of the virus, according to Xinhua. However, bats are suspected to be the original cause.We don’t know the source yet, but there’s pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin corona-virus,” said Peter Dazsak, president of EcoHealth Alliance, an environmental nonprofit, according to The New York Times. “When you look at the genetic sequence (基因序列) of the virus, and you match it up with every known corona-virus, the closest relatives are from bats,” Dazsak also told CNN.So why are bats the source of so many deadly kinds of viruses but they don’t suffer from any symptoms? As the only flying mammal (哺乳动物) with long lifespan, bats’ body temperature is high, similar to a fever. It’s this fact that may contribute to bats’ unique immune system (免疫系统) in protecting them from the ill effects of viruses.But are bats truly to blame for the virus or should we be blaming ourselves? Whether we destroy the forests where bats live or they end up on our plate, it’s the fault of humans for decreasing the distance between us and virus-carrying bats. Bats are an important animal in our ecosystem when it comes to pollinating (授粉) many fruits such as mangoes and bananas. We need to allow them to continue pollination and keep them away from our markets and mouths.1．Which of the following statements is true about the origin of COVID-19? A．Genetically, the virus was found to be similar to those tested in bats. B．Scientifically, it is confirmed that bats are the very original cause. C．Pangolins are agreed to be the intermediate host of the virus.D．Bats not human beings are truly to blame for the virus.2．The reason why bats don’t bats suffer from the corona-virus is that ________. A．bats’ low body temperature fight against the viruses.B．the corona-virus is not deadly to bats at all.C．bats are the closest relatives of the virus.D．bats’ unique immune system protect them from the bad effects of virus . 3．What does the author intends to tell us in the last paragraph?A．Humans are supposed to protect bats well.B．Human should keep a proper distance away from bats.C．Bats contribute to our ecosystem a lot.D．Bats are to blame for deadly virus-carrying.4．Where does the passage most probably come from?A．A biography.B．A book review.C．A magazine.D．A realistic novel.【02】The COVID-19 and flu are both respiratory infectious diseases, with similar symptoms including fever and cough, but they are not the same.Both the COVID-19 and flu are diseases caused by a virus. In the case of flu, the pathogens(病原体) are flu viruses, and for COVID-19, it is a novel coronavirus(新型冠状病毒).Common symptoms for flu and novel coronavirus are nearly identical fever, cough and tiredness, sometimes sore throat and diarrhea. In severe cases, theyresult in pneumonia(肺炎), and even deaths in the worst cases. Flu has seasonal ups and downs. Although it can exist all year round, the virus infects more people in winter and spring. As for the novel coronavirus, there is not yet enough evidence showing how it would respond to changing weather.The mortality rate(死亡率) for the novel coronavirus is higher than that for flu. Generally, people with poor immunity(免疫力), especially children and seniors, are more likely to catch seasonal flu and develop into severe cases. As for the novel coronavirus, the median age for the infected is 51. But the novel coronavirus is a brand-new virus, and no one has total immunity no matter their age.Both the flu and the novel coronavirus are transmitted in similar ways, by direct contact with infected patients or small droplets from the nose or mouth when a person with viruses coughs or breathes.Flu can be spread by an infected person for several days before their symptoms appear. As for the novel coronavirus, spread might be possible before people show symptoms, but this is not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.For the novel coronavirus, there is also a risk for aerosol transmission(气溶胶传播). In health facilities, people may catch the virus if they breathed in aerosol, the suspension of fine solid or liquid particles in the air, which have been contaminated by the virus. The novel coronavirus has also been found in patients' fecal(排泄物) samples, but fecal-oral transmission does not appear to be a major transmission route.5．What can we learn about the novel coronavirus?A．It has seasonal changes.B．It causes less deaths than flu.C．It may spread among people of all ages.D．It only spreads after people show symptoms.6．Which of the following is NOT the way the novel coronavirus transmits? A．Aerosol transmission.B．Contact transmission.C．Fecal-oral transmission.D．Age transmission.7．The author's main purpose of writing the article is probably to . A．prove flu has less harm to humans than COVID-19B．raise people's awareness of protecting their healthC．prove COVID-19 probably won't cause human deathsD．provide some suggestions to avoid COVID-19 infection8．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．A new treatment on the novel coronavirus.B．The latest research on COVID-19 and flu.C．The difference between the novel coronavirus and flu.D．How to identify COVID-19 and flu on symptoms.参考答案1．A2．D3．B4．C【分析】本文为说明文，主要内容是从科学的角度说明COVID-19病毒在自然界中产生的源头问题。
2020高考热点作文素材“抗疫”5篇必背作文时评精品[2020年最新]
![2020高考热点作文素材“抗疫”5篇必背作文时评精品[2020年最新]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f3d12ac6caaedd3383c4d3f9.png)
2020高考热点作文素材“抗疫”5篇必背作文时评精品【导读】“网红”的话题被我们反复讨论过很多次，而多数情况下，“网红”并不带有褒奖的含义。
更有趣的是，有些人挖空心思当“网红”而不得，“红”了的张文宏医生却说“疫情过了，大家该追剧追剧。
我自然会silently（安静地）走开”。
这中间的差距是什么？我们想到的是专业、担当、价值观和人生定位。
屏幕对岸的你，怎么看？（1）张文宏医生，一位专业主义的“网红”《光明日报》 2020-3-1 朱晓帆“注射血浆患者立刻康复？那是电影！”2月29日，张文宏在采访中对于血浆治疗的回答又上热搜。
（以张文宏医生一句上了热搜的回答开篇，吸引读者兴趣。
）自新冠肺炎暴发以来，他由于“金句频出”而备受关注，被网友亲切称为“耿直男孩”、“段子手男神”，收获了一大波粉丝。
（交待背景，因为“金句频出”，张医生成了一位特殊的“网红”。
）“人不能总欺负听话的人”“把所有人都换下来，共产党员上！”1月29日，张文宏先是因这两句“硬核”发言，被网友频频点赞。
接着，当医护人员受到伤害时，他又站出来说：“医护人员最缺乏的是关心。
”全国复工在即，他又在采访中风趣地提出复工三大注意事项：“防火，防盗，‘防同事’。
”为复旦录视频课时，他又向学生们提倡：“闷一闷，少说话，思想就出来了。
”（连续引用张医生在几次关键节点时的发言，展示他的网红“金句”。
）张文宏医生的话，只是硬核与俏皮吗？不是，更重要的是专业。
（透过现象看本质，张医生的话不光俏皮，更展现了专业性。
）他的话，有的不是那么“中听”，但却给人一种由专业主义带来的信赖感。
比如他说，针对新冠肺炎目前没有神药，唯一的“神药”就是集中全部救治资源帮助病人坚持下去。
公众当然期待“神药”这样激动人心的叙事，但是张文宏医生斩钉截铁、没有丝毫含糊的结论，反让更多人正视现实：不是所有的事都尽在人们掌控之中，只能竭尽全力。
（引用例子佐证观点。
）在疫情之中，有很多医生进入公众视野。
专题+新冠病毒-备战2022中考英语完形填空话题分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)
7．A．decisionsB．mistakesC．callsD．noises
8．A．supportB．discussC．cancelD．protect
9．A．unknownB．unluckyC．uncrowdedD．uncomfortable
During that time, food deliverymen had to search all32around to prepare orders because the food is not enough in Wuhan. “It was the33time I had ever seen as a food deliveryman,” Zhao said. “ It’s so tiring, but I feel what I did was34.”
Anthony Fauci, a health educator, holds a stronger opinion. He thinks we should never shake hands again. “We’ve got to10that custom,” he says. “That is really onelness.”
Peterson says now is the perfect time for parents to guide their kids in making7about how to greet people. The idea is not to8hugs and handshakes. If your kids want to hug others, they should. If they feel9about hugging, they can use other ways to greet people.
话题04 新冠疫情-2021中考英语临考书面表达热点话题押题(全国通用)
2021中考英语临考书面表达热点话题押题- 04姓名：__________ 班别：__________ 用时：______/mins 分数：____/15 【话题：新冠疫情】背景介绍：2020岁末年初，当人们正准备欢度春节之际，新冠病毒悄然而来，病毒传播速度之快使举国上下陷入恐慌。
在这场没有硝烟的战役中，全国人民万众一心，勇敢抗疫。
疫情的来临，大大地改变了人们的生活，也带了深刻的思考。
【1】国有国法，校有校规。
在守护健康，校园防疫过程中，你们学校一定也启用一些新的规章制度规范同学们的行为。
某英文网站正在开展以“校园防疫新规”为主题的征文活动。
假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍一下你们学校的新规，并谈谈你的看法。
提示词语：COVID-19, mask, temperature, duty提示问题：● What are the new rules in your school?● What do you think of the rules?China achieved success in controlling COVID-19 outbreak. We are so lucky to be able to return to school__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _______________【2】2020年是不同寻常的一年。
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A篇“The first shipment of masks and coronavirus test kits to the US is taking off from Shanghai. All the best to our friends in America.”Jack Ma said on his first tweet. Chinese billionaire Jack Ma, the co-founder of the online retail giant Alibaba, said he is donating 500,000 testing kits and 1 million masks to the United States to fight the spread of coronavirus. The China-made protective gear and test kits took off from Shanghai's airport in a chartered cargo plane Monday morning, and will be handed over to the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) when they arrive.Up to now, the tweet has received more than 470,000 likes. Meanwhile, the American netizen also actively gave their replies in the comment area. “I feel like we are now a third world country but your kind is appreciated. Gratitude!” a netizen said.The Jack Ma Foundation and Alibaba Foundation have donated much-needed materials to regions suffering in the epidemic over the past few weeks, including Japan, South Korea, Italy, Egypt, Iran and Spain, according to a tweet from the Jack Ma Foundation on Friday.Ma said the outbreak presents "a huge challenge to all humankind in a globalized world," and that he has drawn from his own country's experience that quick and accurate testing as well as protective equipment for medical personnel are most effective in preventing the spread of the virus.The past two months show us that if we take it very seriously and are proactive, we are more than capable of containing the virus.Now it is as if we were all living in the same forest on fire. As members of the global community, it would be irresponsible of us to sit on the fence, panic, ignore facts or fail to act. We need to take action now!1. According to the underlined sentence, what did the netizen really want to convey?A. He felt that he was looked down on but still showed his gratitude to Jack Ma.B. He thought that the US is the greatest country but still showed his gratitude to Jack Ma.C. He laughed at the current condition of his country and showed his gratitude to Jack Ma.D. He thought that the US was a third world country and showed his gratitude to Jack Ma.2. What is the meaning of the underlined word “proactive” in Paragraph 6?A. NegativeB. PositiveC. PassiveD. Attractive2.Drawi ng from China’s experience, which one below is not the most effective in preventing the spread of the virus?A. Quick testing.B. Protective equipment for medical personnel.C. Correct testing.D. Correct labeling to the virus.4. Which statement is not correct according to the text?A. Jack Ma is one of the founders of the online retail giant Alibaba.B. The protective equipment will be handed over to the CDC.C. Jack Ma has just donated much-needed materials to the countries in Asia, America, and Europe.D. If we take the virus seriously, we are more than capable of containing it.1.答案：C, 细节理解题，本题主要考查考生对文中网友评论语句的理解，答题关键词是“feel like”，学生要学会换位思考，从而得出正确的理解。
2. 答案：B, 词义猜测题，本题主要考查考生对构词法的理解，原词词根为“active”，选项中的A和C两个单词都可以理解成该词根的反义词。
而前缀“pro-”并非否定前缀，因而排除。
D项与词根意义毫不相干，因此最确切的选项为B项。
3. 答案：D, 细节理解题，本题主要考查考生对文中细节信息的获取，文中第五段原句呈现了ABC三个选项中的内容，故答案选择D项。
4. 答案：C, 细节理解题，本题主要考查考生对文中细节信息的理解，答题关键词分别为“co-founders”和“Egypt”。
B篇Leading health experts from the CDC and the WHO have made it clear that minimizing the impact of coronavirus means lessening transmission(减少传播) by staying home. For people who like social interaction, the practice can be troubling. But how can we ease the anxiety resulting from it? Here, Dr. David·H·Rosmarin, professor of Harvard Medical School, will show you three approaches.1. Remember that social distancing doesn’t mean social isolation(隔离)"Social distancing does not mean social isolation,” Dr. Rosmarin says. “We can use electronic means to connect to each other.”Rosmarin says phoning friends and staying in touch can allow us to maintain our connections, though he cautions that social media doesn’t provide the same benefits. “Social media and news might make you feel connected, but it creates distance,” Dr. Rosmarin says. Instead, call or conference people you know personally, one-on-one.2.Don’t let the news cycle dictate(左右) your emotions.The coronavirus situation is dynamic and seems to change by the hour, resulting in a number of people feeling compelled(强迫的) to stay on top of updates by constantly checking their phones for new information. While that can be stressful at any time, it can affect your ability to relax if you surf news outlets just before going to sleep. “People need to be shutting off information an hour before they go to bed,” Dr. Rosmarin says. “It’s not a good time to be watching the news.” It’s very unlikely an update will be so urgent or pressing it would lose relevance(关联) by morning. Sleep is critical to a healthy immune system(免疫系统), and giving yourself an opportunity to relax is important.Rosmarin also recommends avoiding scrolling during mealtimes for the same reason. In some cases, it may be best to avoid news or news outlets that make you feel particularly stressed. WHO recommends checking in on the news once or twice a day at specific times, and getting information from reliable sources to avoid rumors and misinformation.3. Don’t ignore regular routine.Do laundry on Sundays? Keep doing it on Sunday. Not going to work? Get dressed anyway. Maintaining(维持) a semblance(外貌) of a regular routine will go a long way toward helping you avoid feelings of disorganization and unpredictability.“Anxiety is just the beginning,”Rosmarin says. “Within a week or two, people are probably going to start feeling depressed, sad, and lethargic, especially since we are distancing from one another.That’s really where the benefits of scheduling come in.”Sticking to your normal sleep and wake times, your exercise routine, and other practices will maintain feelings of familiarity. It will also help you adjust when the world returns—as it inevitably will—to normalcy.1.According to the experts, which below is the best way to make the influence of the coronavirus minimum?A.Getting much involved with the social interaction.B.Constantly checking phones for new information.C. Staying home and reducing exposure.D. Doing nothing but staying home.2.What is the meaning of the underlined word “critical” in Paragraph 4?A. opposedB. favorableC. indifferentD. vital3.According to Dr. Rosmarin, which behavior below is not correct?A. Using electronic means to connect to each other.B. Shutting off information an hour before going to bed.C. Sticking to the normal sleep and wake times.D. Ignoring regular routine and doing something particular.4.The text is most probably taken from a __________?A.textbookB. travel brochureC. medical magazineD. novel1.答案：C, 细节理解题，本题主要考查考生对文中细节信息的理解。