简单句有哪些基本句型
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简单句有哪些基本句型
2017.8.13
CONTENTS
1
目
录
句子结构 简单句的基本句型
浅尝并列句和复合句
2
3
简单句 句 子 结 构
1.主语+系动词+表语 2.主语+谓语（不及物动词） 3.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语 5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语
这个句型中的及物动词为行为动词，表明一个具体实在的动作，但是 其本身表示的意义并不完整，必须要有一个宾语，才能表达一个完整 的概念。 He finished all the tasks. __ __ —— ~~~~~~ O S V Mike __ didn't play basketball [yesterday].
11. We saw him jump into the box.
三. 1 并列句
并列句由两个或两个以上的独立分句并列在一起，其基本结构为：分句 +并列连词+分句 Last year_ I met Kate and _ we became friends. _ _
— V S It has no mouth, but it can talk.
__ S
—— ~~~~~ V O
4. 主+谓+间宾+直宾（S+V+IO+DO)
有些动词可以接两个宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语（合称为双宾语）。 直接宾语表示动作的承受者，通常是物；间接宾语指受益于动作所表 示行为的人。 常见的能接双宾语的及物动词 The teacher teaches us English. ______ ______ —— ~ ~~~ 有：give，bring，tell， send， V IO DO S leave，pass， read， write， take， wish， show， teach， 此结构可改写为： get， award，lend， rent， “主+谓+直宾for sb或to sb” buy， pay， hand， recommend（推荐） Please show me your new book.= Please show your new book to me.
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Exercises 判断句型
1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother.
———————————————
简单句
2. What he says doesn’t suit what he does. 复合句 包含两个名词性从句：What he says 是一个 主语从句；what he does 是一个宾语从句
辨别简单句句型
1. English is very easy.
2. Everybody laughed.
3. I like my job very much. 4. Many animals live in trees. 5. We should keep the plants in the shade.
6. He gives me some seeds.
7. He asked her to take the boy out of school. 8. She found it difficult to do the homework. 9. My father bought me a new bike. 10. The dress feels smooth and soft.
简单句
6. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 7. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a
并列句
child.
8. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
态的复合谓语，说明主语的身
份、特征、性质、状态等。 The woman in red _ is my mother. ______
（仍是），fall（变得），
keep（保持），stay（保持），
______ ~~~~~~ P V S He _ _ feels happy. ~~ — S V P
smell，sound， taste，feel
Expectations(《远大前程》).
and 1. Stand over there _______you'll be able to see the oil painting better. or 2. Start out right away, ______you'll miss the first train. while cousin prefers geography. 3. I'd like to study law at university ______my for 4. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _______his eyesight was
3. We often study Chinese history on Friday
afternoon. 4. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
简单句
复合句
5. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
虽然很奇怪，但这是真的。
2. or 的并列句
or表示选择关系，意为“或者、否则、要不然” Take a map with you, or you will get lost.
3. but的并列句
but表示转折关系，表示“不过、而、但、然而”等意思 I'd love to go to the party tonight, but I'm too busy. 小贴士：but和yet的区别 yet既有副词性又有连词性，可以代替but，但语气较硬； yet可与and连用，也可与though对应使用，but不能。
并列句 复合句
简单句
简单句
THANKS
— ~~ SV O
~~ P
1.and的并列句
1. 祈使句+and+简单句 表条件关系，祈使句相当于if引导的条件从句 Work hard and you will succeed.
2. 简单句+and yet+简单句；
and yet表示“但是，然而”的意思
It is strange, and yet it is true.
复合句
简单句
9. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 10. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? 11. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 12. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
4. while的并列句
while表示对比性转折，表示“而，却”
Our country has plenty of oil, while theirs has none. Some sports are usually done indoors, while others are done outdoors.
6. for的并列句
for表示推断的因果关系或是补充说明的原因，意为“因为”，不能Biblioteka Baidu于 句首。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
7.其他
由not only…but （also）…，either…， not…but…， as well as 等连接的并列句 Either you must improve your work or we shall dismiss(解雇） you. Pip is not only a character(角色，人物）， he also tells story of Great
5.主+谓+宾+宾语补足语（S+V+O+OC) 在这个句型中的“宾+宾补”也叫复合宾语。宾语和宾补的关系是逻 辑主谓关系，即宾语是宾补的逻辑主语。常用作宾补的成分有形容词、 名词、动词、不定式、分词、副词、介词短语等。 I would make him king over the earth . < > 常见的带复合宾语的及物动词有： _ ______ _ ~~ OC O feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, V S I saw them<walking across the road >. make,see, let, watch, believe, call, _ _ — ~~~ OC ask, consider,tell, think, look at等 SV O
C --______no one knows I'm here.
A. For B. And C. But D. So
三. 2.复合句
复合句是由一个主句加上一个或几个从句所构成的句子 （从句只作主句个某一成分）
He cleared his throat as if he would say something.
并列句
1. 简单句+and，or，but，for，so，while 等并列连词+简单句 2. not only…but also…等句型 1. 名词性从句
2. 状语从句 3. 定语从句
复合句
”
二、简单句的基本句型
1. 主+系+表（S+V+P)
系动词+表语构成表示性质、状 常见系动词：be，become， look， seem， appear（显 得），get（变得），grow（变 得），turn（变成），remain
beginning to fail.
5. It is often said that the joy of traveling is ________in arriving at your not
but destination _______in the journey itself.
6. --somebody wants you on the telephone.
5. so的并列句
so可以表示“因此，所以”，连接并列句，前一个分句表示原 因，后一个分句表示结果。
I did't get enough sleep so I didn't feel very well this morning.
It was dark, so I couldn't see what was happenning.
等
”
”
2.主+谓（S+V)
在这个句型中，谓语是不及物动 词，这种动词表示主语的行为动 作，意义基本完整，所以不需要 带宾语。不及物动词没有被动语 态。
He stopped. _ _ —— S V He came 【home】 【last night】. _ _ — S V
3.主+谓+宾（S+V+O)
2017.8.13
CONTENTS
1
目
录
句子结构 简单句的基本句型
浅尝并列句和复合句
2
3
简单句 句 子 结 构
1.主语+系动词+表语 2.主语+谓语（不及物动词） 3.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语 5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语
这个句型中的及物动词为行为动词，表明一个具体实在的动作，但是 其本身表示的意义并不完整，必须要有一个宾语，才能表达一个完整 的概念。 He finished all the tasks. __ __ —— ~~~~~~ O S V Mike __ didn't play basketball [yesterday].
11. We saw him jump into the box.
三. 1 并列句
并列句由两个或两个以上的独立分句并列在一起，其基本结构为：分句 +并列连词+分句 Last year_ I met Kate and _ we became friends. _ _
— V S It has no mouth, but it can talk.
__ S
—— ~~~~~ V O
4. 主+谓+间宾+直宾（S+V+IO+DO)
有些动词可以接两个宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语（合称为双宾语）。 直接宾语表示动作的承受者，通常是物；间接宾语指受益于动作所表 示行为的人。 常见的能接双宾语的及物动词 The teacher teaches us English. ______ ______ —— ~ ~~~ 有：give，bring，tell， send， V IO DO S leave，pass， read， write， take， wish， show， teach， 此结构可改写为： get， award，lend， rent， “主+谓+直宾for sb或to sb” buy， pay， hand， recommend（推荐） Please show me your new book.= Please show your new book to me.
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Exercises 判断句型
1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother.
———————————————
简单句
2. What he says doesn’t suit what he does. 复合句 包含两个名词性从句：What he says 是一个 主语从句；what he does 是一个宾语从句
辨别简单句句型
1. English is very easy.
2. Everybody laughed.
3. I like my job very much. 4. Many animals live in trees. 5. We should keep the plants in the shade.
6. He gives me some seeds.
7. He asked her to take the boy out of school. 8. She found it difficult to do the homework. 9. My father bought me a new bike. 10. The dress feels smooth and soft.
简单句
6. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 7. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a
并列句
child.
8. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
态的复合谓语，说明主语的身
份、特征、性质、状态等。 The woman in red _ is my mother. ______
（仍是），fall（变得），
keep（保持），stay（保持），
______ ~~~~~~ P V S He _ _ feels happy. ~~ — S V P
smell，sound， taste，feel
Expectations(《远大前程》).
and 1. Stand over there _______you'll be able to see the oil painting better. or 2. Start out right away, ______you'll miss the first train. while cousin prefers geography. 3. I'd like to study law at university ______my for 4. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _______his eyesight was
3. We often study Chinese history on Friday
afternoon. 4. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
简单句
复合句
5. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
虽然很奇怪，但这是真的。
2. or 的并列句
or表示选择关系，意为“或者、否则、要不然” Take a map with you, or you will get lost.
3. but的并列句
but表示转折关系，表示“不过、而、但、然而”等意思 I'd love to go to the party tonight, but I'm too busy. 小贴士：but和yet的区别 yet既有副词性又有连词性，可以代替but，但语气较硬； yet可与and连用，也可与though对应使用，but不能。
并列句 复合句
简单句
简单句
THANKS
— ~~ SV O
~~ P
1.and的并列句
1. 祈使句+and+简单句 表条件关系，祈使句相当于if引导的条件从句 Work hard and you will succeed.
2. 简单句+and yet+简单句；
and yet表示“但是，然而”的意思
It is strange, and yet it is true.
复合句
简单句
9. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 10. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? 11. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 12. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
4. while的并列句
while表示对比性转折，表示“而，却”
Our country has plenty of oil, while theirs has none. Some sports are usually done indoors, while others are done outdoors.
6. for的并列句
for表示推断的因果关系或是补充说明的原因，意为“因为”，不能Biblioteka Baidu于 句首。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
7.其他
由not only…but （also）…，either…， not…but…， as well as 等连接的并列句 Either you must improve your work or we shall dismiss(解雇） you. Pip is not only a character(角色，人物）， he also tells story of Great
5.主+谓+宾+宾语补足语（S+V+O+OC) 在这个句型中的“宾+宾补”也叫复合宾语。宾语和宾补的关系是逻 辑主谓关系，即宾语是宾补的逻辑主语。常用作宾补的成分有形容词、 名词、动词、不定式、分词、副词、介词短语等。 I would make him king over the earth . < > 常见的带复合宾语的及物动词有： _ ______ _ ~~ OC O feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, V S I saw them<walking across the road >. make,see, let, watch, believe, call, _ _ — ~~~ OC ask, consider,tell, think, look at等 SV O
C --______no one knows I'm here.
A. For B. And C. But D. So
三. 2.复合句
复合句是由一个主句加上一个或几个从句所构成的句子 （从句只作主句个某一成分）
He cleared his throat as if he would say something.
并列句
1. 简单句+and，or，but，for，so，while 等并列连词+简单句 2. not only…but also…等句型 1. 名词性从句
2. 状语从句 3. 定语从句
复合句
”
二、简单句的基本句型
1. 主+系+表（S+V+P)
系动词+表语构成表示性质、状 常见系动词：be，become， look， seem， appear（显 得），get（变得），grow（变 得），turn（变成），remain
beginning to fail.
5. It is often said that the joy of traveling is ________in arriving at your not
but destination _______in the journey itself.
6. --somebody wants you on the telephone.
5. so的并列句
so可以表示“因此，所以”，连接并列句，前一个分句表示原 因，后一个分句表示结果。
I did't get enough sleep so I didn't feel very well this morning.
It was dark, so I couldn't see what was happenning.
等
”
”
2.主+谓（S+V)
在这个句型中，谓语是不及物动 词，这种动词表示主语的行为动 作，意义基本完整，所以不需要 带宾语。不及物动词没有被动语 态。
He stopped. _ _ —— S V He came 【home】 【last night】. _ _ — S V
3.主+谓+宾（S+V+O)