英语词汇学试卷 样卷
英语词汇学试卷
英语词汇学试卷＋答案第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers．Choose the one that would best complete thestatement and put the letter in the bracket．(30％)1．There are two approaches to the study of polysemy．They are ______. A．primary and secondary B．central and peripheralC．diachronic and synchronic D．formal and functional [ ] 2．Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idioms?A．Colloquial B．SlangC．Negative D．Literary [ ]3．Synonyms can be classified into two major groups，that is：_____. A．absolute and relative B．absolute and completeC．relative and near D．complete and identical [ ]4．In the early period of Middle English，English，____existed side by side，A．Celtic and Danish B．Danish and FrenchC．Latin and Celtic D．French and Latin [ ]5． A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single _______ morpheme．A．formal B．concreteC．free D．bound [ ]6．Which of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated? A，croak，drum B．squeak，bleatC．buzz，neigh D．bang，trumpet [ ]7．LDCE is distinctive for its____.A．Clear grammar codes B．usage notesC．language notes D．all of the above [ ]8．From the historical point of view, English is more closely related to A．German B．FrenchC．Scottish D．Irish [ ]9．Which of the following is NOT an acronym?A．TOEFL B．ODYSSEYC．BASIC D．CCTV [ ]10. In the course book，the author lists ____ types of context clues for inferring word meaning．A．eight B．sixC．seven D．five [ ]11．Sources of homonyms include____.A．changes in sound and spelling B．borrowingC．shortening D．all of the above [ ]12．The written form of English is a(an)________representation of the spoken form．A．selective B．adequateC．imperfect D．natural [ ]13．Structurally a ____is the smallest meaningful unit of a language．A．morpheme B．stemC．word D．compound [ ]14．Unlike affixes，____are often free morphemes．A．suffixes B．prefixesC．inflectional morphemes D．roots [ ]15．The four major foreign contributors to the English vocabulary in earlier times were French. Latin，____.A．Scandinavian and Italian B．Greek and ScandinavianC．Celtic and Greek D．Italian and Spanish [ ]第二部分非选择题Ⅱ．Complete the following statements with proper words orexpressions according to the course book．16．The name given to the widening of meaning which some words undergo is____. 17．Longman lexicon of Contemporary English is a ____ dictionary．18．When a new word appears for the first time，the author usually manages to give hints or ____in the context to help the readers．19．Radiation and ____are the two coinages which the development of wordmeaning follows from monosemy to polysemy．20．Middle English refers to the language spoken from 1150 to____.Ⅲ．Match the words or expressions in Column A with those inColumn B according to 1)word Origin，2)word formation.and 3)types of Synonyms or antonyms．A B( )21．skill A．back—formation( )22．babysit B．blending( )23．telequiz C．French origin( )24．composition／compounding D．S Candinavian origin( )25．government E．clipping( )26．same／different F. relative synonyms( )27．gent G. Germanic( )28．English H．absolute synonyms( )29．change／alter I. contradictory terms( )30．big／small J．contrary termsIV．Smdy the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of bound morphemes underlined, 2) types ofmeanings,3)processes of meaning development，and 4)foliation of eompounds．31．neck→primary meaning：that part of man joining the head to the body；a secondary meaning：the narrowest part of anything．( )32．contradict ( )33．mother：love，care ( )34．upcoming ( )35．window shopping ( )36．radlos ( )37．property developer ( )38．Candidate→earlier meaning：white-robed；later meaning：a person proposed for a place，award etc．( )overcoat39．handsomo-tyoewhter ( )man40．northward ( )V. Define the following terms.41.encyclopendia42.borrcwed43.blending44.extension45.phrasal verbVI. Answer the following questing questions. Your answers should beClear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.46.what is the difference prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples.47.what is extra-linguistic context?48.what is polysemy? Illustrate your points.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.49. Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Thenwhat contextual help you to work out the meaning.Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tiger escaped from the zoo and killed a dog inThe street and ate it.50.Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example.英语词汇学答案(课程代码0832)I．Each Of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers．Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket．1.C2.C3.A4.D5.C6.A7.D8.A9.B 10.A11.D 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.BII Complete the following statements with proper words Or expressions according to thecourse book．16．extension 或generalization 17．specialized18．clues 19．concatenation 20．1500III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according tO 1) word origin，2)word formation，and 3)types of synonyms or antonyms．21．D 22．A23．B 24．H25．C 26．I27．E 28．G29．F 30．JIV．Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of bound morphemesunderlined，2)types of meanings，3)processes of meaning development，and 4)formation of compounds．31．radiation 32．bound root33．connotative meaning 34．adv+v-ing35．n+v-ing 36．inflectional affix／inflectional morpheme37．n+v-er 3.concatenation39．collocative meaning 40．suffix／derivational affixV．Define the following terms．41．An encyclopedia provides encyclopedic information concerning each headword；it is not concerned with the language per se.42．Borrowed words, also，known，as loan words，are words taken over from foreign languages．43．It refers to the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word with a partof another word．44．Extension is a process by which a word which originally had a specialized meaning has nowbecome generalized．45.idiom composed of a verb plus a preposition and／or a particle．VI. Answer the following questions．Your answers should be clear and short．Write your answers in the space given below．46．Prefixation does not generally change the word-class of the stem；it only modifies its meaning.e.g．treat--maltreatSuffixation，On，the other hand，changes the word-class instead of its meaning.e.g．employ—— employer47.(1)Known as non-linguistic context or context of situation．(2)componentsa.participants (addresser and addressee)writer and readerspeaker and listener／hearerb. time and placec. cultural background48.要点：1)a common feature peculiar to all natural languages．2)have more than one sense．3)The problem of polesemy Can be dealt with from two angles：diachronic approach andsynchronic approach．VII．Analyze and comment on the following．Write your answers in the space given below．49(1)tiger is a hyponym，of carnivore(2)carnivore is a superordinate of tiger(3)tiger feeds on meat as known by all(4)carnivore may feed on meat(5)therefore，a carnivore is a meat-eating animal50.(1)connotative meaning，known as connotation，refers to the overtones or associationssuggested by the conceptual meaning．(2)connotative meanings are not given in the dictionary．but associated with the word in actualcontext to particular readers or speakers．Thus they are unstable. varying considerablyaccording to culture，historical period and the experience of the individual．(3)For example，home may remind one child of warmth，safety or love，while to another child who isoften scolded or beaten at home, it may mean indifference，hatred，or even hell．。
英语词汇学各章试题(卷)
英语词汇学试题Introduction and Chapter 1Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structureor forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct.A. wordB. formC. morphemeD. root2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins andhistory of the form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.A. GreekB. RomanC. ItalianD. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels:lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguisticB. grammaticalC. arbitraryD.semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’schoices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form ,meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D.pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particulardisciplines and academic areas.A. technicalB. artisticC. differentD.academic8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which membersof particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. SlangB. JargonC. Dialectal wordsD. Argot9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category thatseems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.A. JargonB. ArgotC. Dialectal wordsD. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use isconfined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD.policeman11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect inquestion.A. ArgotB. SlangC. JargonD.Dialectal words12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use butare now restricted only to specialized or limited use.A. commonB. littleC. slightD. great13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words thathave taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.A. functionalB. notionalC. emptyD.formal15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore,they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. contentB. notionalC. emptyD. newII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the originsand _____of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such asmorphology, ______,etymology, stylistics, ________.19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namelysynchronic and _______.nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammarand_______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words 4)characteristics of the basic word stock.A B21 . Stability ( ) A. E-mail22. Collocbility( ) B. aught23. Jargon( ) C. por24. Argot ( ) D. upon25.Notional words( ) E. hypo26. Neologisms ( ) F. at heart27. Aliens ( ) G. man28. Semantic-loans( ) H. dip29. Archaisms ( ) I. fresh30. Empty words ( ) J. emirIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary.31. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )33. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( )35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( )37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( )39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( )V. Define the following terms.41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loansVI. Answer the following Questions46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points withexamples.48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples.VII. Analyze and comment on the following.49. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion.earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.Dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece, port, shirtKey to Exercises:1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B11.D12.A13.A14.B15.CI.16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics,lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabularyII.21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.DIII.31. the basic word stock; productivity32. the basic word stock; collocability33.the basic word stock; argot34.nonbasic word stock; slang35. nonbasic word stock; jargon36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms39. nonbasic word stock; archaisms40. the basic word stock; polysemyV-----VI. (see the course book)VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, five Functional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.50. Denizens: port, shirt,Aliens: bazaar, kowtowTranslation-loans: lama, masterpieceSemantic-loans:dream, pioneerChapter 2 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 3 Word Formation I(练习2)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one thatwould best complete the statement.1.It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which canbe grouped into the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 20002.The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______language.A. inflectedB. derivedC. developedD. analyzed3.After the _________, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in greatnumbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French4.The introduction of ________had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. HinduismB. ChristianityC. BuddhismD. Islamism5.In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders,many ________words came into the English language.A. GreekB. RomanC. CelticD. Scandinavian6.It is estimated that at least ______ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modernEnglish.A. 500B. 800C. 1000 .D. 9007.The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flowof ______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin8.By the end of the _______century , English gradually came back into the schools, the law courts,and government and regained social status.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14thD.15th9.As a result , Celtic made only a ________contribution to the English vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech,Bulgarian, Slovenian and _______.A. GreekB. RomanC. IndianD. Russian11.In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which arederived from the dead language.A. SanskritB. LatinC. RomanD. Greek12.Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic13.The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian allbelong to the Italic through an intermediate language called _______.A. SanskritB. LatinC. CelticD. Anglo-Saxon14.The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic,Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. GermanicB. Indo-EuropeanC. AlbanianD. Hellenic15.By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or socialpower and many of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10thB.11thC.12thD. 13thII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _______.17.. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of ______.18.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to thepresent _____ language.19.The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be groupedinto an Eastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic, _______.20.It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _____ Modern English.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) origin of the words 2)history off English development 3) language family.A B21. Celtic ( ) A.politics22. religious ( ) B.moon23.Scandinavian ( ) C. Persian24. French ( ) D.London25. Old English ( ) E. abbot26.Dutch ( ) F. skirt27.Middle English ( ) G. sunu28. Modern English ( ) H. lernen29. Germanic family ( ) I. freight30.Sanskrit ( ) J. NorwegianIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify types of morphemes underlined.31. earth ( ) 32.contradict ( )33. predictor ( ) 34. radios ( )35. prewar ( ) 36. happiest ( )37. antecedent ( ) 38. northward ( )38. sun ( ) 40. diction ( )V. Define the following terms.41. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stem 45.affixesVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.46. Describe the characteristics of Old English .47. Describe the characteristics of Middle English.48. Describe the characteristics of Modern English.VII. Answer the following questions with examples.49. What are the three main sources of new words ?50. How does the modern English vocabulary develop ?Key to exercises:I. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.BII.16.Old English 17. Leveled endings 18. analytic 19. Germanic te(1700-up to the present )III.21. D 22. E 23. F 24. A 25. G 26. I 27. H 28. B 29. J 30. CIV.31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound root 33. suffix 34. inflectional affix35. prefix 36. Inflectional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root40.bound rootV.-VI ( See the course book )VII. 49. The three main sources of new words are :(1)The rapid development of modern science and technology ,e.g. astrobiology, greenrevolution ;(2)Social , economic and political changes; e.g. Watergate, soy milk;(3)The influence of other cultures and language; e.g. felafel, Nehru Jackets.50. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: (1) creation, e.g. consideration,carefulness; (2) semantic change, e.g. Polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borrowing ;e.g. tofu, gongful.Chapter 3 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 4 Word Formation II（练习3）I． Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A.reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes2.The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice,mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes3.The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes4.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locativeprefixes5.The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.A. number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes6.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A.Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames8. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames9.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes10.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames11.The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes12.The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.A.prefixes of degree or sizeB. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes13.Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames14.The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes15.The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixesII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming orderivational affixes to stem. This process is also known as_____.pounding , also called ________, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems .Words formed in this way are called _________.18. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.19. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus apart of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words.20 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the originaland using what remains instead. This is called _______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to types of suffixation.A B21. Concrete denominal noun suffixes ( ) A. priceless22. Abstract denominal noun suffixes ( ) B. downward23. Deverbal noun suffixes(denoting people.) ( ) C. engineer24. Deverbal nouns suffixes( denoting action, etc) （） D. darken25. De-adjective noun suffixes （）Ｅviolinist26. Noun and adjective suffixes ( ) F.happiness27. Denominal adjective suffixes ( ) G. arguable28. Deverbal adjective suffixes ( ) H.dependent29. Adverb suffixes ( ) I. adulthood30. Verb suffixes ( ) J. survivalIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of clipping 2) types of acronymy and write the full terms.31.quake ( ) 32. stereo ( ) 33. flu ( ) 34. pub ( ) 35. c/o ( )36. V-day ( ) 37. TB ( ) 38. disco ( ) 39.copter ( ) 40. perm ( )V.Define the following terms .41. acronymy 42. back-formation 43. initialisms 44. prefixation 45. suffixationVI. Answer the following questions with examples.46. What are the characteristics of compounds ?47. What are the main types of blendings ?48. What are the main types of compounds ?VII. Analyze and comment on the following:49. Use the following examples to explain the types of back-formation.(1) donate ----donation emote----emotion(2) loaf—loafer beg------beggar(3) eavesdrop---eavesdropping babysit---babysitter(4) drowse—drowsy laze---lazy50. Read the following sentence and identify the types of conversion of the italicized words.(1) I’m very grateful for your help. (2) The rich must help the poor.(3)His argument contains too many ifs and buts. (4) They are better housed and clothed.(5) The photograph yellowed with age. (6) We downed a few beers.Key to exercises :1. B2. C3. A4. B5. A6.C7.B8.D9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.BII. 16. derivation position, compounds 18. Conversion 19. Blending(pormanteau)20.clippingIII. 21.C 22. I 23. H 24. J 25.F 26.E 27.A 28.G 29.B 30.DIV.31. Front clipping, earthquake32. Back clipping, stereophonic33.Front and back clipping, influenza34.Phrase clipping, public house35. Initialisms, care of36. Acronyms, Victory Day37. Initialisms, tuberculosis38. Back clipping, discotheque39. Front clipping, helicopter40. Phrase clipping, permanent wavesV-VI. (See the course book)VII.49. There are mainly four types of back-formation.(1)From abstract nouns (2) From human nouns (3) From compound nouns and others(4) From adjectives50. (1)Verb to noun (2) Adjective to noun (3) Miscellaneous conversion to noun(4 ) Noun to verb (5) Adjective (6) Miscellaneous conversion to verbChapter 5 Word Meaning (练习4)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternativeanswers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting2._______is the result of human cognition, reflecting theobjective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context3.Sense denotes the relationships _______the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside4. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related5.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. etymologically6.Hopeless is a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically7.In the sentence ‘He is fond of pen ’, pen is a ______ motivatedword.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically8.Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically9.Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content wordshave both meanings, and lexical meaning in particular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning10.___is unstable, varying considerably according to culture,historical period, and the experience of the individual.A.Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocativemeaning D. Affective meaning11.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards theperson or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudesD.understanding12. ___ are affective words as they are expressions of emotionssuch as oh, dear me, alas.A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD.Explanations13. It is noticeable that overlaps with stylistic andaffective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations. A.conceptual meaning B. grammatical meaning C. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning14.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in______.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD.different words15.Reference is the relationship between language and the______.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specificcountryII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggesttheir ______pounds and derived words are ______ words and the meaningsof many are the sum total of the morphemes combined.18. _______ refers to the mental associations suggested by theconceptual meaning of a word.19. The meanings of many words often relate directly to their______. In other words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word.20. Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptualmeaning and _________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of motivation 2) types of meaning.A B21. Onomotopooeic motivation ( ) A. tremble with fear22. Collocative meaning ( ) B. skinny23. Morphological motivation ( ) C. slender24. Connotative meaning ( ) D. hiss25. Semantic motivation ( ) E. laconic26. Stylistic meaning ( ) F. sun (a heavenly body)27. Etymological motivation ( ) G.airmail28. Pejorative meaning ( ) H. home29. Conceptual meaning ( ) I. horse and plug30. Appreciative meaning ( ) J. pen and awordIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of motivation 2) types of meaning.31. neigh ( ) 32. the mouth of the river ( )33. reading-lamp ( ) 34. tantalus ( )35. warm home ( ) 36. the cops ( )37. dear me ( ) 38. pigheaded ( )39. handsome boy ( ) 40. diligence ( )IV.Define the following terms .41. motivation 42. grammatical meanings 43. conceptual meaning 44. associative meaning45. affective meaningV.Answer the following questions . Your answers should be clear and short.46. What is reference ? 47. What is concept ? 48. What is sense ?VI.Analyze and comment on the following.49. Study the following words and explain to which type of motivation they belong.50. Explain the types of associative meaning with examples.Key to exercises:1. C2.B3.D4.A5.C6.A7.C8.D9.A 10.B11.C 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.CI.16. meanings 17.multi-morphemic 18.Semantic motivation 19.origins 20.associativemeaningII.21. D 22.A 23.G 24.H 25.J 26.I 27.E 28.B 29.F 30.CIII.31. Onomatopoeic motivation 32. Semantic motivation33. Morphological motivation 34. Etymological motivation35. Connotative meaning 36.Stylistic meaning37. Affective meaning 38. pejorative39. collocative meaning 40. appreciativeV-VI. See the course book.VII.49. (1) Roar and buzz belong to onomatopoeic motivation.(2)Miniskirt and hopeless belong to morphological motivation.(3) The leg of a table and the neck of a bottle belong to semantic motivation.(4) Titanic and panic belong to etymological motivation.50. Associative meaning comprises four types:(1)Connotative meaning . It refers to the overtones or associations suggested by theconceptual meaning, traditionally known as connotations. It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language.For example, mother , denoting a ‘female parent’, is often associated with ‘love’, ‘care’, etc..(2)Stylistic meaning. Apart feom their conceptual meanings, many words have stylisticfeatures, which make them appropriate for different contexts. These distinctive features form the stylistic meanings of words . For example, pregnant, expecting, knockingup, in the club, etc., all can have the same conceptual meaning, but differ in their stylistic values.(3)Affective meaning. It indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing inquestion. Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories :appreciative or pejorative.For example, famous, determined are words of positive overtones; notorious, pigheaded are of negative connotations implying disapproval, contempt or criticism.(4)Collocative meaning. It consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation.In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. For example, we say : pretty girl, pretty garden; we don’t say pretty typewriter. But sometimes there is some overlap between the collocations of the two words.Chapter 6 Sense Relations and Semantic Field (练习5)I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that wouldbest complete the statement.1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth and developmentof the semantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and thesecondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away fromits first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or verynearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/;bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms10.The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms11.The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected termsposition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms13.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employedin a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms14.From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only onemeaning . The first meaning is called ______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. basic meaning15.Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaningII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course。
《英语词汇学》参考试卷一
Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．soundC．combination of sounds D．group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．as quickly asC．more rapidly than D．not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notionC．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.1（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaningC．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．sense relations17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．forms2C．dialects D．terms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemyC．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature.C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usage3C．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word（）33．and C．transfer of sensations（）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete（）35．here and there E．derivational affix（）36．moon F．alliteration（）37．rough and ready G．functional word（）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhymeⅢ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing. 43．We might say that free morphemes are free ________.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________.45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．V ocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and4content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiomⅤ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point.58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.5。
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的科学，它主要研究的是语言中的（）。
A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的意义C. 词汇的运用D. 词汇的演变答案：A2. 下列哪一项不是词汇学的研究内容？（）A. 词义的演变B. 词义的分类C. 词义的辨析D. 语法规则答案：D3. 词汇学中，词素是指（）。
A. 构成词的基本单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的意义单位答案：A4. 在词汇学中，语义场是指（）。
A. 词义的分类B. 词义的演变C. 词义的辨析D. 一组词义相关的词答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，同义词是指（）。
A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 形式相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：B6. 下列哪一项不是词汇学中词义的分类？（）A. 抽象意义B. 具体意义C. 语法意义D. 色彩意义答案：C7. 词汇学中，词义的演变通常包括（）。
A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 以上都是答案：D8. 词汇学中，词义的辨析主要研究的是（）。
A. 词与词之间的联系B. 词与词之间的差异C. 词与词之间的相似性D. 词与词之间的对立答案：B9. 在词汇学中，词义的模糊性是指（）。
A. 词义的不确定性B. 词义的明确性C. 词义的多重性D. 词义的单一性答案：A10. 词汇学中，词义的多义性是指（）。
A. 一个词有多种意义B. 一个词只有一种意义C. 一个词的意义是固定的D. 一个词的意义是单一的答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学中的词素是指构成词的________。
答案：基本单位2. 语义场是指一组________的词。
答案：词义相关3. 同义词是指意义________的词。
答案：相近4. 词义的演变包括词义的________、________和________。
答案：扩大、缩小、转移5. 词义的辨析主要研究的是词与词之间的________。
词汇学试题及答案
词汇学试题及答案【篇一：词汇学试题】ss=txt>i choose the best answer from the four choices. (30‘)1. the M sll in —drumsll is ___ .a. a free morphemeb.a stemc. a rootd.an inflectional affix2. a word is the combi nation of form and _______ ・a. spellingb. writingc. meaningd. denoting3. trumpet is a(n) _____ motivated word・a. morphologically b semanticallyc. phoneticallyd. etymologicall4. ____ i s a pair of emotive synonyms・a. —dadll and —fatherllb.—flatll and —apartmentllb. c.—meanil and —frugallld.—chargell and —accusell5. the word —Ianguagell is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person's language.this is called _______ ・a. scientific Ianguageb.idiolectb. c.colloquial language d.formal language6. the meaning of the word fond changed from foolish to affectionate by mode of ______ .a. extensionb. narrowingc. elevationd. degradation7. degradation can be illustrated by the followingexample ____ .b. a. lewd —> ignorant b. silly —> foolishc. c・ Iast —> pleasured・ knave —> boy8. english lexicology embraces morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics and _____ ・a. linguisticsb・ pragmaticsc・ Iexicographyd・ phonology 9. which of the following is incorrect?a —airmailll means —mail by airllb. —reading-lampll means —lamp for readingllc. —green hornil is the horn green in colord. —hopelessll is —without hopeIIlO.which group of the following are perfect homonyms?a. dear (a loved person)—deer (a kind of animal)b. bow (bending the head as a greeting)—bow(the device used forshooting)c. bank(the edge of the river)—bank (an establishment for money business)d. right (correct)—write (put down on paper with a pen)11. the following are the main sources of homonyms excepta. change in meaningb. change in sound c ・change in spelling d. borrowing42. antonyms can be classified into three major groups except ・a. evaluative termsb. contrary termsc. complementary termsd. conversive terms13. —parent/child, husband/wife, predecessor/ successorllarea. contrary termsb. contradictory termsc. conversive terms d・ complementary terms14, _________________________________________ there are2 main process of sense -shift except ______________ .a. radiationb. concatenationc. borrowing45. according to morphology, there are 2 types of classifications except ____ ・a. root antonymsb. derivative antonymsc・ contraries46. there are derivative antonyms except____ ・a pleasant-—unpleasant b. polite---impolitec. war-一antiwar d・ large一一small17. there are complementary antonyms except ___ ・a. child----girlb. single—marriedc. dead-™alived. brother—sister48. there are 3classifications of homonyms except _____ ・a. perfect homonymsb. homographsc. homophonesd. contrary homonyms・19. modern english is derived from the Ianguage of earlytribes.a. greekb. romanc・ italiand. germanic20. the prehistoric indo-europea n pare nt Ian guage is thoughtto be a highly _____ Ianguage・a. inflected b・ derivedc・ developedd・ analyzed4.in modern english one may find some words whose soundssuggest their ____ ・2」exical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _______________ .3. ___ t he meanings of many words often relate directly to their _____ ・ in the words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word・4. part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to _______ meaning.5.1 exicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _______________ of words・6. generally speaking,linguistics is the ______ study ofIan guage ・7. there are two main approaches to study of english lexicology,that is ___ and ____ ・8・“tulip”and “rose”，are ____ of <<flower,,.u flower,,is the superordinate term and u tulip,,,u rose n are the _______ term.8. at the beginning of the fifth century britain was invaded by three tribes from the northern europe:angles, _____ and _____ 9. four group of loanword s ______ , ________ , _____ a n d _______ .iii. put the following words into the appropriate blanks.(4O') flock herd school troop pride1. a __ of cattle2.a ____ o f monkeys3. a __ of lions4.a ___ of sheep5. a __ offishiv. judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.(24. 『elations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.2. in semantics, meaning of Ianguage is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experie nee.3. grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts・4. the connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.5. —male/female, present/absentllare contrary terms・v. define the following terms.(2,+4,=6,)1. word2. motivatio nvi. answer the following questions .(6,+6,+8,=20,) 1 ・ what is the d iff ere nee betwee n homonyms and polysemy? how to differentiate them?2. how do linguists divide the history of the english language for analysis?3. discuss some of the characteristics of antonyms.答案1. d.2.c3.c4.c5.b6.c 7b 8.c 9.c 10 c 11.a12. a 13.c 14.c 15.c 16.d 17.a 18.d 19.d 2O.aii.1. meaning2.associated meaning3.origins4.grammatical5. meani ngs6. s cientific7.synchronlc,diachronic 8,hyponymys, superordinate8. sax on s,jutes9. aliens, denizens,translation・loans,semantic borrowings • • •IIIherd troopprideflockschooliv1. t2.f3.t4.f5.tV・1. a word is a minimum free form,that is to say,the smallest form that may appear in isolation・2. motivation acco unts for the conn ection betwee n the linguistic symbol and its meaning.most words can said to benon-motivated.that is,the conn ection of the sign and meaning does not have logical connectionexplanation.neverthelss,english does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent.vi.1 ・ homonyms refer to d iff ere nt words which happe n to share the same form and polysemy refer to the fact that the same word has several distinguishable meanings・ by seeing their etymology, we can distinguish them, i. e. homonyms are from d iff ere nt sources while a polysemy is from the same source which has acquireddifferent meanings in the course of development. the secondprincipal consideration is semantic relatedness・ the various meaning of a polysemy are correlated and connected to do with one another, additionally, In dictionary, a polysemy has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries・2. three periods in the development of english language (vocabulary)1) old english or anglo-saxon period (449-1100)1 much of the old english vocabulary was borrowed from latin 如bargain, cheap, inch, pound; cup, dish, wall, wine, etc2 old english was a highly in fleeted language .it has a complete system of declensions of words2) middle english period ( 1100-1500 )1 french influence and norman conquest in 1066law and government administration: military affairs> religion、art 2 middle english is becoming from highly inflected language to analytic language3) modern english period (1500-)【篇二：词汇学考试题目】1.in old english there was ______ agreement between sound form.()a moreb. littlec. lessd. gradual2. both Idee and cceld are ______ ・()a. general dictionariesb monolingual dictionariesc. both a and bd. neither a and b3. the word miniskirt is ______ ・()a. morphologically motivatedb etymologically motivatedc. semantically motivatedd. none of the above4. the most important way of vocabulary development in present-dayenglish is _______ ・()a borrowingb. semantic changec. creation of new wordsd. all the above5. beneralization is a process by which a word that originallyhad a specialized meaning has now become ________ ・()a. generalizedb. expandedc. elevatedd・ degraded6. _________________________ some morphemes have as they are realized by morethan one morph according to their position in word.()a. alter native morphsb. single morphsc. abstract unitsd. discrete units7.old english vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from latin and Scandinavian・()a. italicb germanicc. Celticd. hellenica. semanticsb. grammarc. phoneticsd. Iexicology9.if two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called ____________ .()a. repetitionb. alliterationc. rhymed. none of the abovelO.which of the following words is a functional word?()a. oftenb. neverc. althoughd. desk41. _______________________________ rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _____________________________ ・()a. semantic unityb. structural stabilityc. idiomatic variationd. figure of speech12.the advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _________________ .()a. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyb understand idioms correctlyc. remember idioms quicklyd. try a new method of classification13. borrowing as a source of homonymy in english can be illustrated by _______ .()a. long (not short)b. ball (a dancing party)c. rock (rocknroll)d. ad (advertisement)14. the change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors except _______ .()a. the influx of borrowingb. repetitionc. analogyd ・ shortening15. w hich of the following is not a comp orient of linguistic context?()a. words and phrases ・b. sentencesc. text or passaged. time and placeii. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1 )types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context. (10%)16. seandinavian ( ) l (place where things are made) 22. participants ( ) g.determined23. difference in denotation ( ) h.pigheaded24. appreciative ( ) i.non-linguistic25. pejorative ( ) j.iron (a device for smoothing clothes)iii. study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2) types of word formation or prefixes. (20%))17. germanic () 18. extension () 49.narrowing () 21. ambiguity () b. grammaticalc.d ouble meaning d.s wedish f. dutch27. mote I ()()29. blueprint ()30. preliminaries ()31. southward ()32. demilitarize ()33. hypersensitive ()34. retell ()35. multi-purposes ()iv. define the following terms. (10%)36. acr onymy37. native words38. elevatio n39. stylistic meaning40. monolingral dictionaryV・answer the following questions. your answers should the clear and short・ write your answers in the space given below・(10%)41 ・how many types of motivation are there in english? give one example for each type・42. what are the major sources of english synonyms? illustrate your points・Vl.analyze and comment on the following. write your answers in the space given below・(20%)43. a nalyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.recollection, nationalist, unearthly英语词汇学试题参考答案I. (30%)1. a2.c3.a4.c5.a6.a7.b8.d9.b 10.c 11.d 12.a 13.b 14.b 15.d II. (10%)16. d17. f18. a19. j20. b21. c22.i23. e24. g25. hm.(2o%)26. bound root27. (head+tail) blending28.inflectional affix/morpheme30. full conversion31. derivational suffix32. derivation33. prefix of degree34. derivational prefix35. number prefixIV. (10%)36. the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms・37. n ative words, also known as anglo-saxon words, are words brought to britian in the 5th century by the germanic tribes・38. the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importanee.39. the distinctlve stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.40. a dictio nary writte n in one language, or a dicti on ary in which entries are defined in the same Ianguage.V. (10%)41. there are four types of motivation:1) onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2) morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3) semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4) etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.42. key points:borrowing; dialects and regional english; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidenee with idiomatic expressions.VL(20%)43.1) each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection (re+collect+ion) ,nationalist(nation+al+ist) ,unearthly (un+earth+ly).2) of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves・3) all the rest re-,-ion，-al,-ist,un・ and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words・【篇三：英语词汇学试题】write the terms in the blanks according to the definitions・(20 points)4. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ()2. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ()3. a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ()4. a morpheme that can stand alone ()5. a morpheme attached to a stem alone ()6. an affix that indicates grammatical relations ()7. an affix that forms new words with a stem or root ()8. what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ()9. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ()40. the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words () ii. form negatives pf each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non・，un-. (40 points) smoker capablepractical obey security relevant mature ability officially willingnesslegal agreement logicalloyal convenientathleic moral regularhonest likeiii. decide whether the following statements are true or false・ (20 points)english is more closely related to german than french.2. old english was a highly inflected Ianguage・3. middle english absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but withlittle change in word endings・4. conversions refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class・5. words mainly invoIved in conversation are nouns, verbs, and adverbs.6. motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning ・7. unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstableandin determinate.8. perfect homonyms share the same spelling and pronounciation ・9. contradictory terms do not show degrees・10. antonyms should be opposites of similar intensity.iv. study the sentences below and give and antonyms to the word in bold type in each context. (20 points)4. the discussion enabled them to have a clear idea of the nature of the problem.2. they are faced with clear alter natives ・3. his grandfather's mind was not clear during the time he made the will.4. i'd like to get a clear plastic bag to carry this・5. wash the substances with clear cold water.6. the singefs voice remai ned pure and clear throughout the eveni ng.7. all colors were clear, the river below her was brilliant blue・8. her eyes behind the huge spectacles are clear andun troubled ・9. now that Pve told her everyth!ng, i can leave with a clear con scie nee.10. he is a shortish man of clear complexion.参考答案英语词汇学i. 1.morpheme 2. allomorph 3. bound morpheme 4. free morpheme 5. affix6. inflectional affix7. derivational affix8. root9. stem 10. etymology11. n onsmoker, in capable, impractical, discovery, insecurity, irrelevant, immature,inability/disability, unofficially, unwillingness, illegal, disagreeme nt, illogical, disloyal, inco nv enient, non athletic, immoral, irregular, dishonest, dislikeiii. l.t 2.t 3.f 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.t 8.t 9.t 10.tiv. 1. confusing 2. ambiguous 3. muddled 4. opaque 5. dirty6. harsh7. dull8. shifty9. guiltylO. blemished。
词汇学模拟试卷(参考答案)
词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）《英语词汇学》模拟试卷 (一)I. Choose the best answer and put the letter of your choice in the brackets. (30%) 1. English lexicology embraces morphology, semantics,______ stylistics and lexicography.A. etymologyB. pragmaticsC. syntax .D. phonology ( ) 2. The most important of all the features of the basic word stock is ______.A. stability .B. productivityC. polysemy .D. all national character ( ) 3. Old English vocabulary was essentially ______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.A. Celtic .B. HellenicC. Italic .D. Germanic . ( ) 4. In modern times, ______ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.A. borrowingB. backformationC. creationD. semantic change ( ) 5. The words “motel” and “comsat” are called ______.A. blendsB. compoundsC. acronymsD. initialisms . ( ) 6. The word “teachers” contains three morphemes, but the word “shortenings” has______ morphemes.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five ( ) 7. Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. conceptB. worldC. context .D. sense ( ) 8. Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example: ______.A. dorm for “dormitory”B. fond for “affectionate”C. dish for “food”D. TV for “television” ( )9. The word “mouth” in the phrase “the mouth of a river” is regarded as a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. etymologicallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. semantically ( ) 10. Words formed by acronymy can be divided into initialisms and acronyms depending on the ______ of the word.A. pronunciationB. spellingC. functionD. meaning ( ) 11. Frogs croak, but elephants ______.A. neighB. squeakC. bleat .D. trumpet ( ) 12. The antonyms “present” and “absent” are ______ terms.A. relativeB. contraryC. contradictoryD. graded ( )113. The idiom “scream and shout” is a good example of ______.A. reiteratonB. alliterationC. repetitionD. juxtaposition ( ) 14. Ambiguity arises due to all the following except ______.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. homonymyD. structure ( ) 15. The order of meanings in CCELD indicates the ______ changes of words.A. grammaticalB. morphologicalC. semanticD. phonological ( ) II. Complete the sentences with the proper words from the course book. (15%) 1. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given __________________and meaning and syntactic function.2. English has evolved from a ____________________ language (Old English) to the present analytic language.3. Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ___________________ morphemes.4. A ________________ is known as the smallest functioning unit in the compositionof words.5. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of _______________it can refer to something specific.6. The second major language known in England was the_________________ of the Roman Legions.7. Conceptual meaning is also known as ____________________ meaning.8. The relationship between sound and meaning is _________________ andarbitrary. 9. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of __________________ inclusion. 10. The same word may have different ___________________ meanings as shown in “do, does, did, done, doing.”11. Synonyms may differ in the ___________________ and intensity of meaning. 12. The word “famous” is ___________________, but the word “notorious” isderogatory.13. Characterized by semantic unity and ______________________ stability, idioms do not allow changes as a rule.14. Linguistic context can be subdivided into ____________________ context and grammatical context.15. So far as the language is concerned, LDCE and CCELD published in Britain are both _____________________ dictionaries.III(Decide whether the following statements are true or false andthen put in the brackets the letter “T” if the statement is true or “F” if it is false. (15%)1. Morphemes are abstract units, which are realized in speech by discrete units known as morphs. ( )2. English words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency. ( )3. Danish, Icelandic, Flemish and Norwegian are generally known as Scandinavian languages. ( )24. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns are thought to be content words, which are also known as notional words. ( )5. The word“miniskirt” is a semantically motivated word. ( ) 6. There is a reversative prefix in the word “unwrap”. ( )7. The words “AIDS” and “UFO” are regarded as acronyms. ( )8. There is an inflectional morpheme in the word “shorter”. ( )9. Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but identical in sound and spelling. ( ) 10. In the idiom “chop and change”, alliteration is used. ( )11. The word “disease” originally meant “discomfort”, but now it means “illness”, soit has undergone degradation of meaning. . ( ) 12. Context may prove very valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. ( ) 13. In some idioms, a constituent may be replaced by a word of the same part of speech, only resulting in synonymous idioms. ( ) 14. One of the unique features of CCELD is language notes. ( ) 15. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is a specialized dictionary. ( ) IV. .Answer the following questions. (20%)1. What are the characteristics of Old English?2. What are the differences between a root and a stem?33. What is acronymy? What is the difference between initialisms and acronyms?4. What is the difference between conceptual meaning and associative meaning?5. How is context classified?4V. Analyze and comment on the following.1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words in terms of free morphemes and bound morphemes, and then explain the differences between the two kinds of morphemes.idealistic antecedent lighthouses2. Comment on the following two sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates.a. Trees surround the water near our summer place.b. Old elms surround the lake near our summer place.5《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)参考答案I. 选择题1. A2. D3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. C9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. CII. 填空题1. sound2. synthetic3. inflectional4. morpheme5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8. conventional9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13.structural 14. lexical 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. F8. T9. F 1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. TIV. 问答题1. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes calledAngles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000 words. Itwas a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a syntheticlanguage.2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed withouttotal loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound, generally carries the maincomponent of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morphemeas in “cat” and “teach” or a root morpheme plus one or more affixationalmorphemes as in “foolish” and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be definedas a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of aword form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have beenremoved.3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining theinitial letters ofnames of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technicalterms, Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms, depending onthe pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter,but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words. 4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotative meaning) is the meaninggiven in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Associative meaningis the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. Conceptualmeaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communicationas the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the samelanguage, but associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liableto the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and so on.65. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers to the words,clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known aslinguistic contextwhich may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In abroad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is calledextra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place,and even thewhole cultural background.V. 论述题1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes:idealistic (ideal + ist +ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house + s).2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” arefree morphemes,but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes Of the sixbound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s isan inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have completemeanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences,but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are boundto othersto form new words.2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given sentences ishyponymy.2) In the first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are all superordinateswhile “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the second sentenceare all subordinatescompared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because subordinates arevivid, precise and concrete.《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)I. 选择题1. A2. D3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. C9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. CII. 填空题1. sound2. synthetic3. inflectional4. morpheme5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8. conventional9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13.structural 14. lexical 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. F8. T9. F 1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. TIV. 问答题2. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes called7Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000 words. Itwas a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a syntheticlanguage.2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed withouttotal loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound, generally carries the maincomponent of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morphemeas in “cat” and “teach” or a root morpheme plus one or more affixationalmorphemes as in “foolish” and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be definedas a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of aword form that remains when all inflectional and derivationalaffixes have beenremoved.3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining theinitial letters ofnames of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technicalterms, Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms, depending onthe pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter,but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words. 4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotative meaning) is the meaninggiven in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Associative meaningis the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. Conceptualmeaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communicationas the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the samelanguage, but associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liableto the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and so on. 5. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers to the words,clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known aslinguistic contextwhich may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In abroad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is calledextra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place,and even thewhole cultural background.V. 论述题1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes:idealistic (ideal + ist +ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house + s).2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” arefree morphemes,but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes Of the sixbound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s isan inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have completemeanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences,but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are boundto othersto form new words.2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given sentences ishyponymy.82) In the first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are all superordinateswhile “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the second sentenceare all subordinatescompared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because subordinates arevivid, precise and concrete.9。
历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案
历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案4月全国自学考试--英语词汇学试卷及答案第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（）A. moreB. littleC. lessD. gradual2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（）A. general dictionariesB. monolingual dictionariesC. both A and BD. neither A and B3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（）A. morphologically motivatedB. etymologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. none of the above4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（）A. borrowingB. semantic changeC. creation of new wordsD. all the above5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（）A. generalizedB. expandedC. elevatedD. degraded6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（）A. alternative morphsB. single morphsC. abstract unitsD. discrete units7.Old English vocabulary was essentially_______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（）A. ItalicB. GermanicC. CelticD. Hellenic/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763 2301274c9.html pounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.（）A. semanticsB. grammarC. phoneticsD. lexicology9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______.（）A. repetitionB. alliterationC. rhymeD. none of the above10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（）A. OftenB. NeverC. AlthoughD. Desk11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______.（）A. semantic unityB. structural stabilityC. idiomatic variationD. figure of speech12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______.（）A. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyB. understand idioms correctlyC. remember idioms quicklyD. try a new method of classification13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______.（）A. long（not short）B. ball（a dancing party）C. rock（rock'n'roll）D. ad（advertisement）14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______.（）A. the influx of borrowingB. repetitionC. analogyD. shortening15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（）A. Words and phrases.B. SentencesC. Text or passageD. Time and place第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________.17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________./doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763 2301274c9.html ELD is a ________________ dictionary.19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated.20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context. Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to1)types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%）A B21.Scandinavian（）/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763230 1274c9.html l（place where things are made）22.Germanic（）B.grammatical23.extension（）C.double meaning24.narrowing（）D.Swedish25.linguistic（）/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763230 1274c9.html prehend/understand26.ambiguity（）F.Dutch27.participants（）G.degermined28.difference in denotation（）H.pigheaded29.appreciative（）I.non-linguistic30.pejorative（）J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes）Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%）31.predict（）32.motel（）33.potatoes（）34.blueprint（）35.preliminaries（）36.Southward（）37.demilitarize（）38.hypersensityve（）39.retell（）40.multi-purposes（）Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%）41.acronymy42.native words43.elevation44.stylistic meaning45.monolingral dictionaryⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%）46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type.47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points.48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%）49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said.答案4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案Ⅰ.(30%)1.A2.C3.A4.C5.A6.A7.B8.D9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.DⅡ.(10%)16.transfer17.OLD English18.monolingual19.semantically20.extralinguistic/non-linguisticⅢ.(10%)21.D22.F23.A24.J25.B26.C27.I28.E29.G30.HⅣ.(10%)31.bound root32.（head+tail）blinding33.inflectional affix/morpheme34.a+n35.full conversion36.suffix37.reversativ38.prefix of degree39.prefix40.number prefixⅤ.(10%)41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5thcentury by the Germanic tribes.43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance. 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language.Ⅵ.(12%)46.There are four types of motivation:1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions.48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure.Ⅶ.(18%)49.1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion）,nationalist （nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.50.1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分）2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分）3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分）4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分）5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）4月份全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案英语（本科）专业第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]A. lewd → ignorantB. silly → foolishC. last → pleasureD. knave → boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ]A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in whicha word is used. [ ]A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ]A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ]A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? [ ]A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words. [ ]A. 30,000 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. [ ]A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period. [ ]A. Dutch originB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _____ . [ ]A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____. [ ]A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types ofmeaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10％）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/。
(完整版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题Introduction and Chapter 1Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through theuse of _________construct.A. wordB. formC. morphemeD. root2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.A. GreekB. RomanC. ItalianD. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguisticB. grammaticalC. arbitraryD. semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.A. technicalB. artisticC. differentD. academic8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. SlangB. JargonC. Dialectal wordsD. Argot9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.A. JargonB. ArgotC. Dialectal wordsD. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD. policeman11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.A. ArgotB. SlangC. JargonD. Dialectal words12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.A. commonB. littleC. slightD. great13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.A. functionalB. notionalC. emptyD. formal15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. contentB. notionalC. emptyD. newII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _____of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, ______,etymology, stylistics,________.19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _______.nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words4)characteristics of the basic word stock.A B21 . Stability ( ) A. E-mail22. Collocbility( ) B. aught23. Jargon( ) C. por24. Argot ( ) D. upon25.Notional words( ) E. hypo26. Neologisms ( ) F. at heart27. Aliens ( ) G. man28. Semantic-loans( ) H. dip29. Archaisms ( ) I. fresh30. Empty words ( ) J. emirIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary.31. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )33. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( )35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( )37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( )39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( )V. Define the following terms.41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loansVI. Answer the following Questions46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points with examples.48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples.VII. Analyze and comment on the following.49. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion.earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.Dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece, port, shirtKey to Exercises:I. 1. A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B11.D12.A13.A14.B15.CII.16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics, lexicography19.diachronic20.vocabularyIII.21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.DIV.31. the basic word stock; productivity32. the basic word stock; collocability33.the basic word stock; argot34.nonbasic word stock; slang35. nonbasic word stock; jargon36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms39. nonbasic word stock; archaisms40. the basic word stock; polysemyV-----VI. (see the course book)VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, fiveFunctional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.50. Denizens: port, shirt,Aliens: bazaar, kowtowTranslation-loans: lama, masterpieceSemantic-loans:dream, pioneerChapter 2 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 3 Word Formation I(练习2)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which can be groupedinto the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 20002.The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______language.A. inflectedB. derivedC. developedD. analyzed3.After the _________, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in great numbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French4.The introduction of ________had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. HinduismB. ChristianityC. BuddhismD. Islamism5.In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders, many________words came into the English language.A. GreekB. RomanC. CelticD. Scandinavian6.It is estimated that at least ______ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modern English.A. 500B. 800C. 1000 .D. 9007.The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin8.By the end of the _______century , English gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, andgovernment and regained social status.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14thD.15th9.As a result , Celtic made only a ________contribution to the English vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Slovenian and _______.A. GreekB. RomanC. IndianD. Russian11.In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are derived from thedead language.A. SanskritB. LatinC. RomanD. Greek12.Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic13.The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian all belong to theItalic through an intermediate language called _______.A. SanskritB. LatinC. CelticD. Anglo-Saxon14.The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic, Danishand Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. GermanicB. Indo-EuropeanC. AlbanianD. Hellenic15.By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or social power and manyof those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10thB.11thC.12thD. 13thII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _______.17.. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of ______.18.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present _____language.19.The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be grouped into anEastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic, _______.20.It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _____ Modern English.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) origin of the words2)history off English development 3) language family.A B21. Celtic ( ) A.politics22. religious ( ) B.moon23.Scandinavian ( ) C. Persian24. French ( ) D.London25. Old English ( ) E. abbot26.Dutch ( ) F. skirt27.Middle English ( ) G. sunu28. Modern English ( ) H. lernen29. Germanic family ( ) I. freight30.Sanskrit ( ) J. NorwegianIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify types of morphemes underlined.31. earth ( ) 32.contradict ( )33. predictor ( ) 34. radios ( )35. prewar ( ) 36. happiest ( )37. antecedent ( ) 38. northward ( )38. sun ( ) 40. diction ( )V. Define the following terms.41. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stem 45.affixesVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.46. Describe the characteristics of Old English .47. Describe the characteristics of Middle English.48. Describe the characteristics of Modern English.VII. Answer the following questions with examples.49. What are the three main sources of new words ?50. How does the modern English vocabulary develop ?Key to exercises:I. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.BII.16.Old English 17. Leveled endings 18. analytic 19. Germanic te(1700-up to the present )III.21. D 22. E 23. F 24. A 25. G 26. I 27. H 28. B 29. J 30. CIV.31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound root 33. suffix 34. inflectional affix35. prefix 36. Inflectional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root40.bound rootV.-VI ( See the course book )VII. 49. The three main sources of new words are :(1)The rapid development of modern science and technology ,e.g. astrobiology, green revolution ;(2)Social , economic and political changes; e.g. Watergate, soy milk;(3)The influence of other cultures and language; e.g. felafel, Nehru Jackets.50. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: (1) creation, e.g. consideration, carefulness; (2) semantic change, e.g. Polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borrowing ;e.g. tofu, gongful.Chapter 3 The Development of the English V ocabulary and Chapter 4 Word Formation II（练习3）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A.reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes2.The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice, mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes3.The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes4.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes5.The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.A. number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes6.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A.Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames8. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames9.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes10.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames11.The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes12.The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.A.prefixes of degree or sizeB. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes13.Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames14.The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes15.The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixesII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stem. This process is also known as_____.pounding , also called ________, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems . Words formed in this way are called _________.18. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.19. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words.20 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called _______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to types of suffixation.A B21. Concrete denominal noun suffixes( ) A. priceless22. Abstract denominal noun suffixes ( ) B. downward23. Deverbal noun suffixes(denoting people.)() C. engineer24. Deverbal nouns suffixes( denoting action,etc) （） D. darken25. De-adjective noun suffixes（）Ｅviolinist26. Noun and adjective suffixes ( ) F.happiness27. Denominal adjective suffixes ( ) G. arguable28. Deverbal adjective suffixes ( ) H.dependent29. Adverb suffixes ( ) I. adulthood30. Verb suffixes ( ) J. survivalIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of clipping 2) types of acronymy and write the full terms.31.quake ( ) 32. stereo ( ) 33. flu ( ) 34. pub ( ) 35. c/o ( )36. V-day ( ) 37. TB ( ) 38. disco ( ) 39.copter ( ) 40. perm ( )V.Define the following terms .41. acronymy 42. back-formation 43. initialisms 44. prefixation 45. suffixationVI. Answer the following questions with examples.46. What are the characteristics of compounds ?47. What are the main types of blendings ?48. What are the main types of compounds ?VII. Analyze and comment on the following:49. Use the following examples to explain the types of back-formation.(1) donate ----donation emote----emotion(2) loaf—loafer beg------beggar(3) eavesdrop---eavesdropping babysit---babysitter(4) drowse—drowsy laze---lazy50. Read the following sentence and identify the types of conversion of the italicized words.(1) I’m very grateful for your help. (2) The rich must help the poor.(3)His argument contains too many ifs and buts. (4) They are better housed and clothed.(5) The photograph yellowed with age. (6) We downed a few beers.Key to exercises :1. B2. C3. A4. B5. A6.C7.B8.D9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.BII. 16. derivation position, compounds 18. Conversion 19. Blending(pormanteau) 20.clippingIII. 21.C 22. I 23. H 24. J 25.F 26.E 27.A 28.G 29.B 30.DIV.31. Front clipping, earthquake32. Back clipping, stereophonic33.Front and back clipping, influenza34.Phrase clipping, public house35. Initialisms, care of36. Acronyms, Victory Day37. Initialisms, tuberculosis38. Back clipping, discotheque39. Front clipping, helicopter40. Phrase clipping, permanent wavesV-VI. (See the course book)VII.49. There are mainly four types of back-formation.(1)From abstract nouns (2) From human nouns (3) From compound nouns and others(4) From adjectives50. (1)Verb to noun (2) Adjective to noun (3) Miscellaneous conversion to noun(4 ) Noun to verb (5) Adjective (6) Miscellaneous conversion to verbChapter 5 Word Meaning (练习4)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting2._______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context3.Sense denotes the relationships _______the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside4. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related5.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. etymologically6.Hopeless is a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically7.In the sentence ‘ He is fond of pen ’ , pen is a ______ motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically8.Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically9.Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content words have both meanings, and lexical meaning inparticular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning10._______is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the individual.A.Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocative meaningD. Affective meaning11.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards the person or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudeD. understanding12. _________ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas.A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD. Explanations13. It is noticeable that _______overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations.A.conceptual meaningB. grammatical meaningC. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning14.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in ______.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD. different words15.Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specific countryII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their ______pounds and derived words are ______ words and the meanings of many are the sum total of themorphemes combined.18._______ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.19.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their ______. In other words the history of the wordexplains the meaning of the word.20.Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of motivation 2) types of meaning.A B21. Onomotopooeic motivation ( ) A. tremble with fear22. Collocative meaning ( ) B. skinny23. Morphological motivation ( ) C. slender24. Connotative meaning ( ) D. hiss25. Semantic motivation ( ) E. laconic26. Stylistic meaning ( ) F. sun (a heavenly body)27. Etymological motivation ( ) G.airmail28. Pejorative meaning ( ) H. home29. Conceptual meaning ( ) I. horse and plug30. Appreciative meaning ( ) J. pen and awordIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of motivation 2) types of meaning.31. neigh ( ) 32. the mouth of the river ( )33. reading-lamp ( ) 34. tantalus ( )35. warm home ( ) 36. the cops ( )37. dear me ( ) 38. pigheaded ( )39. handsome boy ( ) 40. diligence ( )V.Define the following terms .41. motivation 42. grammatical meanings 43. conceptual meaning 44. associative meaning 45. affective meaningVI.Answer the following questions . Your answers should be clear and short.46. What is reference ? 47. What is concept ? 48. What is sense ?VII.Analyze and comment on the following.49. Study the following words and explain to which type of motivation they belong.50. Explain the types of associative meaning with examples.Key to exercises:I. 1. C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.CII.16. meanings 17.multi-morphemic 18.Semantic motivation 19.origins 20.associative meaningIII.21. D 22.A 23.G 24.H 25.J 26.I 27.E 28.B 29.F 30.CIV.31. Onomatopoeic motivation 32. Semantic motivation33. Morphological motivation 34. Etymological motivation35. Connotative meaning 36.Stylistic meaning37. Affective meaning 38. pejorative39. collocative meaning 40. appreciativeV-VI. See the course book.VIII.49. (1) Roar and buzz belong to onomatopoeic motivation.(2)Miniskirt and hopeless belong to morphological motivation.(3) The leg of a table and the neck of a bottle belong to semantic motivation.(4) Titanic and panic belong to etymological motivation.50. Associative meaning comprises four types:(1)Connotative meaning . It refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning,traditionally known as connotations. It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language. For example, mother , denoting a ‘female parent’, is often associated with ‘love’, ‘care’, etc..(2)Stylistic meaning. Apart feom their conceptual meanings, many words have stylistic features, whichmake them appropriate for different contexts. These distinctive features form the stylistic meanings of words . For example, pregnant, expecting, knockingup, in the club, etc., all can have the same conceptual meaning, but differ in their stylistic values.(3)Affective meaning. It indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question. Wordsthat have emotive values may fall into two categories :appreciative or pejorative. For example, famous, determined are words of positive overtones; notorious, pigheaded are of negative connotations implying disapproval, contempt or criticism.(4)Collocative meaning. It consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words,it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. For example, we say : pretty girl, pretty garden; we don’t say pretty typewriter. But sometimes there is some overlap between the collocations of the two words.Chapter 6 Sense Relations and Semantic Field (练习5)I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth and development of thesemantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondarymeanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms10.The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms11.The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected termsposition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms13.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employed in aconversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms14.From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning .The first meaning is called ______.。
词汇学试卷及答案
词汇学试卷及答案1.With the（）of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party. [单选题] *A.exhibition(正确答案)B.exceptionC.exceptD.reception2.Although the trffic is not busy, he likes to drive at a （）speed. [单选题] *A.spareB.fast(正确答案)C.moderateD.moral3.All the memories of his childhood had（） from his mind by the time he was 65. [单选题] *A.fadedB.illustratedfined(正确答案)D.concerned4.This river is so big that it is impossible to build a （） under it without modern technology. [单选题] *A.canal(正确答案)B.tunnelC.channelD.cable5.The （） is nearly dead , so I can not start the car again. [单选题] *A. beanB.beam(正确答案)C.bakeD.battery6.When making modern cameras , people began to （）plastics for metal. [单选题] *A. surroundB.substanceC.stretch(正确答案)D.substitute7.With the help of the government , a large number of people ---（）after the flood in 1991. [单选题] *A. survived(正确答案)B.suspendedC.sufferedD.subfected8.He always has a lot of （） ideas in his mind , and sometimes we do not even know what he is thinding about. [单选题] *A. novelB.spoilC.acceptable(正确答案)D.additional9.Please be serious. I am not （）. You should consider it carefully [单选题] *A. sortingB.jokingC.countingparing(正确答案)10.We do not have a （） school in our institute. The highest degree we provide for the students is a B. A. and a B. S. . [单选题] *A. continue(正确答案)B.bayC.assistanceD.graduate11.In the United States, the foreign policy is decided by the （）government, not by each state. [单选题] *A. federal(正确答案)B.figureC.scientific12.He works in our university as a visiting （）, not as a formal faculty member. [单选题] *A. traditional(正确答案)B.scholarC.nurseD.pilot13.When you fill in the application form, please use your （） address so that we can contact you easily later. [单选题] *A. policyB.plain(正确答案)C.permanentD.principal14.John （） to be a polite man. But in fact he is very rude. [单选题] *A. pretendsB.assuresC.affordsD.melts(正确答案)15.We can not trust him any more because he often （）his duty. [单选题] *A. owes(正确答案)B.spoilsD.neglects16.In order to increase our output, we need to import more production （）. [单选题] *A. facilitiesB.hens(正确答案)C.votesD.artists17.When a spacecraft travels, one of the major problems is reentry into the Earth’s（）. [单选题] *A. surfaceB.atmosphereC.attitudeD.bent(正确答案)18.This river forms a natural （） between China and Korea. [单选题] *A. boundaryB.stringC.spotD.zone(正确答案)19.She is already 16years old. But she （）_as if she were still a little girl. [单选题] *A. believes(正确答案)B.absorbsD.behaves20.We are （） at the rapid progress Mark has made in this semester. [单选题] *A. distinguishedB.annoyedC.astonished(正确答案)D.scored21.The doctors （） the medicines to the people in the flood area. [单选题] *A. distributed(正确答案)B.packedC.prayedD.undertook22.Much of the news provided by this newspaper is （）, not foreign. [单选题] *A. domestic(正确答案)B.strainC.purchaseD.murder23.He tried to —（）relations with his former wife but he failed. [单选题] *A. measureB.maintain(正确答案)C.shelter24.He （） to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to finda better job. [单选题] *A. resolved(正确答案)B.resortedC.requestedD.reserved25.The （）work continued for more than a week but there was still no sign of the missing boy. [单选题] *A. researchB.rescue(正确答案)C.vesselD.vast26.Many kinds of animals are believed to have（）from the earth [单选题] *A. withdrawnB.vanished(正确答案)C.foundD.hung27.The engineers in this lab spent several weeks（） their plans for the new bicycle. [单选题] *A. countingC.elaborating(正确答案)D.casting28.Pine trees are usually believed to（） cold weather. [单选题] *A. guardB.accomplishC.roarD.endure(正确答案)29.Free medical service is （） to nearly all the college students in China. [单选题] *A. favoriteB.available(正确答案)C.convenientD.average30.After working for twenty hours without any rest, the doctors were （）. [单选题] *A. exhausted(正确答案)B.mountedC.wrappedD.restored31.The college students in China are （） from smoking on campus because this will do them no good. [单选题] *A. discouraged(正确答案)C.obeyedD.obtained32.Professor Smith is also the（） of the international program office. If you have any problem when you study here, you may go to him for help. [单选题] *A. detectiveB.presidentC.managerD.director(正确答案)33.We won’t allow any foreign country to （）in our internal affairs. [单选题] *A. devoteB.districtC.interfere(正确答案)D.wander34.We can not （） all the magazines together. [单选题] *A. routeB.drawC.threadD.bind(正确答案)35.What he said in the meeting （） everybody present. [单选题] *A. disgusted(正确答案)C.disposedD.eliminated36.Some lazy men would rather （） than work. [单选题] *A. indicateB.declareC.solveD.starve(正确答案)37.This boy was （） for what he had done in the class. [单选题] *A. scolded(正确答案)B.overcomeC.inclinedD.displayed38.Some states in the United States （） people to carry guns. [单选题] *A. applyB.charmC.ignoreD.forbid(正确答案)39.Carelessness made him fall in his job （）. [单选题] *A.interview(正确答案)B.intentionD.stocking40.Sometimes it is very difficult to （） some of the English words. Even the native speaker can not help. [单选题] *A. decreaseB.createC.define(正确答案)D.delight41.Students with （） problems may apply for student loans. [单选题] *A.economicB.financial(正确答案)C.maleD.economical42.Both sugar and salt can （）in water. [单选题] *A.desertB.absorbC.dissolve(正确答案)D.involve43.I have not heard anything from him since his （）. [单选题] *A.departure(正确答案)B.faultD.acciptance44.Without a proper education, people could （） all kinds of crimes. [单选题] *A.conductB.stoopmit(正确答案)D.sweat45.Several loudspeakers are （） from the ceiling and we can hear the speaker very clearly. [单选题] *A.connectedB.sustainedC.associatedD.suspended(正确答案)46.This morning in the class, our teacher lost his （） at last because he could not stand any more. [单选题] *A.temper(正确答案)B.terrorC.verseD.contain47.It is not --（） for me to return all the books to the library now because I still need some of them for my research. [单选题] *A. continuousB.difficultC.convenient(正确答案)D.sufficient48.When traveling alone in the mountains, you’d better take a （） with you in case you get lost. [单选题] *pass(正确答案)pressplseD.campus49.As a teacher, you should not （） the students from asking questions in class. [单选题] *A.ruinB.restrain(正确答案)C.importD.impose50.If you have any problems during your study here, please do not （） to call me for help [单选题] *A.hesitate(正确答案)B.despairC.urgeD.request51. This kind of medicine has the power to （）poison. [单选题] *A.splashB.resist(正确答案)C.adoptD.occupy52. He is easily （） so I do not like to talk with him. [单选题] *A.defendedB.affordedC.createdD.offended(正确答案)53.I am （） to believe that he won’t come back to see his wife again. [单选题] *A.inclined(正确答案)B.puzzledC.accompaniedD.performed54.Before you mail this letter, you should check again whether you have （） it or not. [单选题] *A.sunkB.sighedC.soughtD.sealed(正确答案)55.After talking for nearly ten hours, he （） to the government’s pressure at last. [单选题] *A.expressedB.yielded(正确答案)C.decreasedD.approved56.My hands and feet were （） with cold as I waited for the bus. [单选题] *A. cliffB.stillC.stiff(正确答案)D.stick57.This problem is beyond his ability and he can not （） it. [单选题] *A.slipB.packC.gainD.solve(正确答案)58.When you buy the spare parts for your car, try to get the （） ones from the authorized dealer. [单选题] *A.genuine(正确答案)B.generousC.geniusD.gentle59.If you use （）, you can get a higher quality picture. [单选题] *A.waxB.shameC.gooseD.slides(正确答案)60.Who（） this country, the people or the president? This question is not easy to answer. [单选题] *A.frightensB.differsC.displayserns(正确答案)。
词汇学期末考试题及答案
词汇学期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学研究的核心对象是（）。
A. 语音B. 语法C. 词汇D. 语义答案：C2. 词义的最小单位是（）。
A. 语素B. 词C. 短语D. 句子答案：A3. 以下哪个词属于多义词？（）A. 桌子B. 苹果C. 跑D. 笔答案：C4. 词义的演变通常不包括（）。
A. 词义扩大B. 词义缩小C. 词义转移D. 词义创新答案：D5. 以下哪个词属于外来词？（）A. 沙发B. 电脑C. 汽车D. 火车答案：A6. 词义的引申通常是基于（）。
A. 词的本义B. 词的引申义C. 词的转用义D. 词的比喻义答案：A7. 以下哪个词属于同义词？（）A. 快速和迅速B. 桌子和椅子C. 红色和蓝色D. 学习和平息答案：A8. 以下哪个词属于反义词？（）A. 高和矮B. 桌子和椅子C. 红色和蓝色D. 学习和平息答案：A9. 以下哪个词属于成语？（）A. 马到成功B. 桌子C. 红色D. 学习答案：A10. 以下哪个词属于专业术语？（）A. 电脑B. 桌子C. 红色D. 学习答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中的词汇及其变化规律的学科。
2. 词义的演变包括词义扩大、词义缩小和词义转移。
3. 多义词是指一个词具有两个或两个以上相关或不相关的意义。
4. 外来词是指从其他语言借用过来的词。
5. 词义的引申通常是基于词的本义。
6. 同义词是指意义相同或相近的词。
7. 反义词是指意义相反或相对的词。
8. 成语是指由四个或四个以上汉字组成的固定短语，具有特定的意义和用法。
9. 专业术语是指在特定领域内使用的具有特定意义的词。
10. 词汇的创新是指根据语言发展的需要，创造出新的词汇。
三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述词汇学的研究内容。
词汇学主要研究语言中的词汇及其变化规律，包括词的构成、词义的演变、词的分类、词的用法等方面。
2. 简述词义演变的类型。
英语词汇学试卷样卷
英语词汇学试卷样卷⼴东外语外贸⼤学英语教育学院《英语词汇》12--13学年度第⼀学期期末考试试题A卷考核对象：11 级通选考试时间：80分钟I. Multiple choices. Choose the one that is most appropriate for the sentence.(20*1)1. After the , the Germanic tributes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes came ingreat numbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French2. Adulthood contains .A. concrete denominal noun suffixB. abstract denominal noun suffixC. de-adjective noun suffixD. deverbal noun suffix3. Utopia, Odyssey and Babbitt are words from .A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames4.Which of the following words are opaque words?A richnessB abstractionC freeD transparent5.Which word can be used before nouns ?A cowardB motherlyC deeplyD loudly6. The meaning of the phrase “covered court” is______.A 室内场地D 结果已定的案件7. “Have a crush on someone” means__________ in Chinese.A 与某⼈有⽭盾B 与某⼈意见⼀致C 喜欢某⼈D 饶恕某⼈8. “Bring down the house” means__________ in Chinese.A 赢得喝彩B 封锁现场C 集中起来D ⽆理取闹9. “Pull up one’s socks” means__________ in Chinese.A 戏弄某⼈B ⿎起勇⽓C ⼩⼼翼翼D 取代某⼈10. “Advance to the net” means__________ in Chinese.A ⽹络的发展B ⽹络设置C 先进⽹络D 上⽹11. “Handwriting on the wall” means__________ in Chinese.A ⼤字报B 不解之谜C 不祥之兆D 不诤事实12. “Confidence man “refers to____.A 欺诈⾏骗的⼈B 可以信赖的⼈C 拥有势⼒的⼈D ⽆所事事的⼈13. “You can say that again.” means___.A 请重复⼀次B 不要在这说14.What do the "Pinchbeck" mean?A.被社会摒弃的⼈B.删改（尤指删去书中的不当之处）C.冒牌货，便宜货D.吹⽜⼤王，虚夸的15.—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.—You can write___ ___passage in English?A. 600 words；a 600-wordsB. 600-word；a 600-wordsC. 600 words；a 600-wordD. 600 words；a 600-words16. You must come with us to the police ______.Our head is waiting for you.A. headquartersB. headlineC. headmasterD. headache17. The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________ smile.A. practiceB. practiseC. practicalD. practiced18. The_______ ordered him to pay a $100 fine.A. judgerB. judgmentC. judgeD. judgement19.The letter “b”in the word “doubt”is________.A. soundB. silentC. silenceD. sounded20. We have to learn ________technology from other countries.II．Matching (10*1)Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to:1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary2) content words and functional words3) native words and borrowed words4)characteristics of the basic word stock.III. Write out the full spelling of the following abbreviations.(10*1)1.IOC2.IMF3. BRT4.J.F.K5.MI56.F.B.I7.VOA8.NATO9.UNESCO10.OPECIV . Give clippings for the following words(10*1)5.kilogram6.influenza7.business8.parachute9.refrigerator10.fraternityV. Please add negative prefixes to the following words and give us your Chinese translation(10*2)1. judge2. arm3. connect4. attack5. ability6. employment7. existence8. fortune9. color10. revolutionVI. Write out the meaning of the following roots and affixes. (10*1)1.claim,clam2.clar3.clud4.cogn5.cord6.corpor7.cred8.cruc9.cur10.curVII. Translate the following into Chinese. (15*1)1. Small leak will sink a great ship.2. Behind the mountains there are people to be found.5. five-finger6. White room7. barber’s cat8. It is a poor mouse that has only one hole.9. I don't want to be the third wheel.10. He is dating another girl on the side.11. I'm all over you.12. That's the long distance relationship.13. Judas kiss14.Strike, while the iron is hot.15.The best of the bunchVIII. Answer the following question (5 *1)How many ways of word-formation can you name?。
(完整word版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题I.Write the terms in the blanks according to the definitions. (20 points)1. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ( )2. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ( )3. a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ( )4. a morpheme that can stand alone ( )5. a morpheme attached to a stem alone ( )6. an affix that indicates grammatical relations ( )7. an affix that forms new words with a stem or root ( )8. what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ( )9. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ( )10. the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words ( ) II.Form negatives pf each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non-, un-. (40 points)smoker capable practical obeysecurity relevant mature abilityofficially willingness legal agreementlogical loyal convenient athleicmoral regular honest likeIII.D ecide whether the following statements are true or false. (20 points)1.English is more closely related to German than French.2.Old English was a highly inflected language.3.Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but withlittle change in word endings.4.Conversions refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class.5.Words mainly involved in conversation are nouns, verbs, and adverbs.6.Motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning.7.Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable andindeterminate.8.Perfect homonyms share the same spelling and pronounciation.9.Contradictory terms do not show degrees.10.Antonyms should be opposites of similar intensity.IV. Study the sentences below and give and antonyms to the word in bold type in each context. (20 points)1.The discussion enabled them to have a clear idea of the nature of the problem.2.They are faced with clear al ternatives.3.His grandfather’s mind was not clear during the time he made the will.4.I’d like to get a clear plastic bag to carry this.5.Wash the substances with clear cold water.6.The singer’s voice remained pure and clear throughout the evening.7.All colors were clear, the river below her was brilliant blue.8.Her eyes behind the huge spectacles are clear a nd untroubled.9.Now that I’ve told her everything, I can leave with a clear c onscience.10.He is a shortish man of clear complexion.参考答案英语词汇学I.1.morpheme 2. allomorph 3. bound morpheme 4. free morpheme 5. affix6. inflectional affix7. derivational affix8. root9. stem 10. etymologyII. nonsmoker, incapable, impractical, discovery, insecurity, irrelevant, immature, inability/disability, unofficially, unwillingness, illegal, disagreement, illogical, disloyal, inconvenient, nonathletic, immoral, irregular, dishonest, dislikeIII.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.TIV.1. confusing 2. ambiguous 3. muddled 4. opaque 5. dirty6. harsh7. dull8. shifty9. guilty 10. blemished。
英语专业词汇学考试试题
英语专业词汇学考试试题英语专业词汇学考试试题第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket （30％）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]A. lewd →ignorantB. silly →foolishC. last →pleasureD. knave →boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ]A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used. [ ]A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ]A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ]A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? [ ]A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）11. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.12. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.13. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.14. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.15. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types of meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10％）A B16. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish17. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl18. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated19. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state20. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respondIV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10％）21. heart and soul ( )22. father—male parent ( )23. mother—female parent ( )24. city-bred ( )25. lip-reading to lip-read ( ) V. Define the following terms （10％）26. specialized dictionary27. collocative meaning28. transfer29. morpheme30. old English英语词汇学试题参考答案第一部分选择题I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. A6. D7. B8. D9. D 10. B第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)11. stylistic 12.monolingual 13.semantic opposition14. degradation 或pejoration 15.productivity and collocabilityIII. Match the words or expressions in Column A with thosein Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)16. I 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. EIV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word formation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)21. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature22. conceptual meaning 23. conceptual meaning24. n+v-ed 25. backformationV. Define the following terms.(10%)26. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)27. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)28. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic transfer.29. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.30. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.。
英语词汇学各章试题(卷)
英语词汇学试题Introduction and Chapter 1Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure orforms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct.A. wordB. formC. morphemeD. root2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history ofthe form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.A. GreekB. RomanC. ItalianD. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis,syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguisticB. grammaticalC. arbitraryD. semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user ’s choices oflinguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form ,meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplinesand academic areas.A. technicalB. artisticC. differentD. academic8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members ofparticular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. SlangB. JargonC. Dialectal wordsD. Argot9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category thatseems to stand between the standard general words including informalones available to everyone and in-group words.A. JargonB. ArgotC. Dialectal wordsD. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined tothe sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD.policeman11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.A. ArgotB. SlangC. JargonD. Dialectalwords12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use butare now restricted only to specialized or limited use.A. commonB. littleC. slightD. great9. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words thathave taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good10. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.A. functionalB. notionalC. emptyD. formal11. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, theyare also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. contentB. notionalC. emptyD. newII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressionsaccording to the course book.12.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and_____of words.13.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.14. English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such asmorphology, ______,etymology, stylistics, ________.15. There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namelysynchronic and _______.16. Language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammarand_______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) basic wordstock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowedwords 4)characteristics of the basic word stock.A B21 . Stability ( ) A. E-mail13. Collocbility( ) B. aught14. Jargon( ) C. por15. Argot ( ) D. upon16.Notional words( ) E. hypo17. Neologisms ( ) F. at heart18. Aliens ( ) G. man19. Semantic-loans( ) H. dip20. Archaisms ( ) I. fresh21. Empty words ( ) J. emirIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2)types of nonbasic vocabulary.22. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )17. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( )23. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( )37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( )39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( )V. Define the following terms.41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loansVI. Answer the following Questions46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points with examples.48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples.VII. Analyze and comment on the following.49. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion.earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.Dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece, port, shirtKey to Exercises:1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B11.D12.A13.A14.B15.CI. 16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics,lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabularyII. 21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.DIII. 31. the basic word stock; productivity32. the basic word stock; collocability33.the basic word stock; argot34.nonbasic word stock; slang35. nonbasic word stock; jargon36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms39. nonbasic word stock; archaisms40. the basic word stock; polysemyV-----VI. (see the course book)VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, fiveFunctional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.50. Denizens: port, shirt,Aliens: bazaar, kowtowTranslation-loans: lama, masterpieceSemantic-loans:dream, pioneerChapter 2 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 3 Word Formation I( 练习2)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bestcomplete the statement.18.It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which can begrouped into the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 200019.The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______language.A. inflectedB. derivedC. developedD. analyzed20.After the _________, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in great numbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French21.The introduction of ________had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. HinduismB. ChristianityC. BuddhismD. Islamism22.In the 9 th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders,many ________words came into the English language.A. GreekB. RomanC. CelticD. Scandinavian23.It is estimated that at least ______ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modern English.A. 500B. 800C. 1000 .D. 90024.The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flowof ______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin25.By the end of the _______century , English gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, andgovernment and regained social status.A. 12 thB. 13 thC. 14 thD.15 th26.As a result , Celtic made only a ________contribution to the English vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller27.The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech,Bulgarian, Slovenian and _______.A. GreekB. RomanC. IndianD. Russian28.In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are derivedfrom the dead language.A. SanskritB. LatinC. RomanD. Greek29.Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic30.The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian all belongto the Italic through an intermediate language called _______.A. SanskritB. LatinC. CelticD. Anglo-Saxon31.The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic,Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. GermanicB. Indo-EuropeanC. AlbanianD. Hellenic32.By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or social power andmany of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10 thB.11 thC.12 thD. 13 thII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.33.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _______.34.. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of ______.35.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present_____ language.36.The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be grouped into anEastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic,_______.37.It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _____ Modern English.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) origin of thewords 2)history off English development 3) language family.A B38. Celtic ( ) A.politics39. religious ( ) B.moon40.Scandinavian ( ) C. Persian41. French ( ) D.London42. Old English ( ) E. abbot43.Dutch ( ) F. skirt44.Middle English ( ) G. sunu45. Modern English ( ) H. lernen46. Germanic family ( ) I. freight47.Sanskrit ( ) J. NorwegianIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify types of morphemes underlined.48. earth ( ) 32.contradict ( )24. predictor ( ) 34. radios ( )38. prewar ( ) 36. happiest ( )40. antecedent ( ) 38. northward ( )41. sun ( ) 40. diction ( )V. Define the following terms.42. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stem 45.affixesVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.51. Describe the characteristics of Old English .52. Describe the characteristics of Middle English.53. Describe the characteristics of Modern English.VII. Answer the following questions with examples.54. What are the three main sources of new words ?55. How does the modern English vocabulary develop ?Key to exercises:I. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.BII. 16.Old English 17. Leveled endings 18. analytic 19. Germanic te(1700-up to the present )III. 21. D 22. E 23. F 24. A 25. G 26. I 27. H 28. B 29. J 30. CIV. 31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound root 33. suffix 34. inflectional affix35. prefix 36. Inflectional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root25.bound rootV.-VI ( See the course book )VII. 49. The three main sources of new words are :(1) The rapid development of modern science and technology ,e.g. astrobiology, green revolution ;(2) Social , economic and political changes; e.g. Watergate, soy milk;(3) The influence of other cultures and language; e.g. felafel, Nehru Jackets.39. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: (1) creation, e.g. consideration,carefulness; (2) semantic change, e.g. Polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borrowing ;e.g. tofu, gongful.Chapter 3 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 4 Word Formation II （练习3）I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bestcomplete the statement.49.The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A. reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes50.The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo -friend, mal practice,mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes51.The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes52.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes53.The prefixes in words bi lingual , uni form and hemis phere are ________.A. number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes54.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A. Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size55.Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from ________.A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames56.Omega, Xerox and orlon are words from _________.A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames57.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A. negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes58.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames59.The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.A. negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes60.The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.A. prefixes of degree or sizeB. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes61.Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames62.The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes63.The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixesII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.64.Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivationalaffixes to stem. This process is also known as_____.pounding , also called ________, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems .Words formed in this way are called _________.66. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.67. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part ofanother word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words.20 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original andusing what remains instead. This is called _______.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to types of suffixation.A B26. Concrete denominal noun suffixes ( ) A. priceless27. Abstract denominal noun suffixes ( ) B. downward28. Deverbal noun suffixes(denoting people.) ( ) C. engineer29. Deverbal nouns suffixes( denoting action, etc) （） D. darken30. De-adjective noun suffixes （）Ｅviolinist31. Noun and adjective suffixes ( ) F.happiness32. Denominal adjective suffixes ( ) G. arguable33. Deverbal adjective suffixes ( ) H.dependent34. Adverb suffixes ( ) I. adulthood35. Verb suffixes ( ) J. survivalIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of clipping 2) types ofacronymy and write the full terms.36.quake ( ) 32. stereo ( ) 33. flu ( ) 34. pub ( ) 35. c/o ( )40. V-day ( ) 37. TB ( ) 38. disco ( ) 39.copter ( ) 40. perm ( )V. Define the following terms .42. acronymy 42. back-formation 43. initialisms 44. prefixation 45. suffixationVI. Answer the following questions with examples.43. What are the characteristics of compounds ?44. What are the main types of blendings ?45. What are the main types of compounds ?VII. Analyze and comment on the following:46. Use the following examples to explain the types of back-formation.(1) donate ----donation emote----emotion(2) loaf —loafer beg------beggar(3) eavesdrop---eavesdropping babysit---babysitter(4) drowse —drowsy laze---lazy47. Read the following sentence and identify the types of conversion of the italicized words.(1) I’m very grateful for your help. (2) The rich must help the poor.(3)His argument contains too many ifs and buts. (4) They are better housed and clothed.(5) The photograph yellowed with age. (6) We downed a few beers.Key to exercises :56. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.BII. 16. derivation position, compounds 18. Conversion 19. Blending(pormanteau) 20.clippingIII. 21.C 22. I 23. H 24. J 25.F 26.E 27.A 28.G 29.B 30.DIV.31. Front clipping, earthquake68. Back clipping, stereophonic69.Front and back clipping, influenza70.Phrase clipping, public house71. Initialisms, care of72. Acronyms, Victory Day73. Initialisms, tuberculosis74. Back clipping, discotheque75. Front clipping, helicopter76. Phrase clipping, permanent wavesV-VI. (See the course book)VII.49. There are mainly four types of back-formation.(1)From abstract nouns (2) From human nouns (3) From compound nouns and others(4) From adjectives37. (1)Verb to noun (2) Adjective to noun (3) Miscellaneous conversion to noun (4 ) Noun to verb (5) Adjective (6) Miscellaneous conversion to verbChapter 5 Word Meaning ( 练习4)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternativeanswers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.77. A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting78._______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objectiveworld in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context79.Sense denotes the relationships _______the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside80. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related81.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD.etymologically82.Hopeless is a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD.etymologically83.In the sentence ‘He is fond of pen ’, pen is a ______ motivatedword.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically84.Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically85.Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content wordshave both meanings, and lexical meaning in particular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning86.___is unstable, varying considerably according to culture,historical period, and the experience of the individual.A. Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocativemeaning D. Affective meaning87.Affective meaning indicates the speaker ’s _______towards theperson or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudesD. understanding88.___ are affective words as they are expressions of emotionssuch as oh, dear me, alas .A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD.Explanations89.It is noticeable that overlaps with stylistic and affectivemeanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meaningsare revealed by means of collocations.A. conceptual meaningB. grammatical meaningC. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning90.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in______.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD. differentwords91.Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specificcountryII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.92.In modern English one may find some words whose soundssuggest their ______pounds and derived words are ______ words and themeanings of many are the sum total of the morphemes combined.94._______ refers to the mental associations suggested by theconceptual meaning of a word.95.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their ______.In other words the history of the word explains the meaning of theword.96.Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptualmeaning and _________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of motivation 2) types of meaning.A B97. Onomotopooeic motivation ( ) A. tremble with fear98.Collocative meaning ( ) B. skinny99. Morphological motivation ( ) C. slender100. Connotative meaning ( ) D. hiss101. Semantic motivation ( ) E. laconic102. Stylistic meaning ( ) F. sun (a heavenly body)103. Etymological motivation ( ) G.airmail104. Pejorative meaning ( ) H. home105. Conceptual meaning ( ) I. horse and plug106. Appreciative meaning ( ) J. pen and awordIV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of motivation 2) types of meaning.107. neigh ( ) 32. the mouth of the river ( )38. reading-lamp ( ) 34. tantalus ( )41. warm home ( ) 36. the cops ( )108. dear me ( ) 38. pigheaded ( )39. handsome boy ( ) 40. diligence ( )IV. Define the following terms .42. motivation 42. grammatical meanings 43. conceptual meaning 44. associative meaning 45.affective meaningV. Answer the following questions . Your answers should be clear and short.43. What is reference ? 47. What is concept ? 48. What is sense ?VI. Analyze and comment on the following.48. Study the following words and explain to which type of motivation they belong.49. Explain the types of associative meaning with examples.Key to exercises:57. C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B2.C 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.CI. 16. meanings 17.multi-morphemic 18.Semantic motivation 19.origins 20.associative meaning II. 21. D 22.A 23.G 24.H 25.J 26.I 27.E 28.B 29.F 30.CIII. 31. Onomatopoeic motivation 32. Semantic motivation7. Morphological motivation 34. Etymological motivation12. Connotative meaning 36.Stylistic meaning41. Affective meaning 38. pejorative51. collocative meaning 40. appreciativeV-VI. See the course book.VII. 49. (1) Roar and buzz belong to onomatopoeic motivation.(2)Miniskirt and hopeless belong to morphological motivation.(3) The leg of a table and the neck of a bottle belong to semantic motivation.(4) Titanic and panic belong to etymological motivation.50. Associative meaning comprises four types:(1) Connotative meaning . It refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptualmeaning, traditionally known as connotations. It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language. For example, mother ,denoting a ‘f emale parent ’, is often associated with ‘l ove ’,‘c are ’, etc..(2) Stylistic meaning. Apart feom their conceptual meanings, many words have stylistic features,which make them appropriate for different contexts. These distinctive features form the stylistic meanings of words . For example, pregnant, expecting, knockingup, in the club, etc., all can have thesame conceptual meaning, but differ in their stylistic values.(3) Affective meaning. It indicates the speaker ’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories :appreciative or pejorative. For example,famous, determined are words of positive overtones; notorious, pigheaded are of negative connotationsimplying disapproval, contempt or criticism.(4) Collocative meaning. It consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In otherwords, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion.For example, we say : pretty girl, pretty garden; we don ’t say pretty typewriter. But sometimes there issome overlap between the collocations of the two words.Chapter 6 Sense Relations and Semantic Field ( 练习5)I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bestcomplete the statement.109.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages110.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional111._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection112. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its firstsense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense thatis finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation113.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage114.________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms115. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy116._________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/;bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms117. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms118.The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms119.The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected termsposition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms121.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employed in a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms122.From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning . The first meaning is called ______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. basic meaning123.Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaningII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.。
词汇学考试模板(for13级)
卷号：A 二O 一一 —二O 一二学年第二学期期末考试英语词汇学 试题（10英语专业用） （闭卷）Part I (2’*15=30’) (25 minutes) Directions: Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. 1. The plural morpheme “-s ” is realized by/Iz/ after the following sounds EXCEPT____. A. /s/ B. /g/ C. /z/ D. /t/ 2. The word “internationalization” comprises ____morphemes. A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 3.“TV” is a(n) ____. A. initialism B. acronym C. derivative D. compound 4. The prefix “mis -” in the word “mistrust ” is a ____prefix. A. negative B. reversative C. pejorative D. locative 5. Which of the following is NOT one of the meanings of “word meaning” ? A. Reference. B. Concept. C. Sense. D. Pronunciation. 6. In the sentence “ Tom is sitting on the chair ”, there are_______ content words.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 47. The word “Typewrite” is formed through_______A. BlendingB. CompoundingC. Back-formationD. Clipping8. The Chinese expression “半死不活” means a person is still_____.A. deadB. half dead, half aliveC. aliveD. half alive一、密封线内不准答题。
英语词汇学试题及答案
英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学研究的主要对象是什么？A. 语法结构B. 词汇构成C. 语音系统D. 语义关系2. 下列哪个词属于复合词？A. happyB. unicycleC. bicycleD. unhappy3. 词根是指什么？A. 单词的前缀B. 单词的后缀C. 单词的基本部分D. 单词的派生部分4. 词汇的同源词是指什么？A. 意义相近的词B. 形式相似的词C. 来源相同的词D. 功能相同的词5. 词汇的语义变化通常被称为什么？A. 词汇演变B. 词汇扩展C. 词汇借用D. 词汇创新二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）6. 英语中的词缀分为________和后缀。
7. 英语词汇的构成方式之一是________，例如：class + room = classroom。
8. 英语中的合成词是由两个或两个以上自由词组合而成的，如________。
9. 英语中，一个词的意义可能随着时间而发生变化，这种现象称为________。
10. 英语词汇学中的“词义扩展”是指一个词的意义范围________。
三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）11. 简述英语词汇的来源有哪些？12. 解释什么是词汇的同化现象，并给出一个例子。
13. 描述词汇的语义变化有哪些类型？四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）14. 论述英语词汇学在语言教学中的应用。
15. 分析英语词汇中的借词现象及其对英语发展的影响。
参考答案一、选择题1. B2. B3. C4. C5. A二、填空题6. 前缀7. 合成8. blackboard9. 语义演变10. 扩大或缩小三、简答题11. 英语词汇的来源包括：古英语、拉丁语、法语、希腊语、德语等。
12. 词汇的同化现象是指外来词在借用到另一种语言中时，为了适应新语言的发音规则而发生的改变。
例如，英语中的“sushi”在一些非英语国家可能会被读作“苏西”以适应当地语言的发音习惯。
英语词汇学试题及答案
英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "breakfast" is derived from:A. LatinB. Old EnglishC. GreekD. French答案：B2. Which of the following words is a compound word?A. TelephoneB. BicycleC. ComputerD. All of the above答案：D3. The word "kindergarten" is borrowed from:A. GermanB. ItalianC. SpanishD. French答案：A4. Which of the following is an example of a back-formation?A. EditB. TypewriteC. CatalogD. Interview答案：A5. The term "morpheme" refers to:A. A wordB. A syllableC. A meaningful unit of languageD. A sound答案：C6. The word "mouse" can be analyzed as:A. A single morphemeB. A compound wordC. A prefix and a rootD. A root and a suffix答案：A7. Which of the following words is a blend?A. MotelB. BrunchC. InfomercialD. All of the above答案：D8. The process of adding a suffix to a root to form a new word is called:A. DerivationB. InflectionC. ConversionD. Blending答案：A9. The word "unbelievable" is formed by:A. PrefixationB. SuffixationC. ConversionD. Blending答案：A10. The word "run" can have several meanings, which is an example of:A. HomonymyB. PolysemyC. SynonymyD. Antonymy答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The process of changing a word's form to express tense, mood, or number is called ________.答案：inflection2. A word that has the same spelling and pronunciation but different meanings is called a ________.答案：homograph3. The smallest unit of meaning in a language is known as a ________.答案：morpheme4. A word that is formed by combining two or more words is called a ________.答案：compound5. A word that is formed by adding a prefix to a root is called a ________.答案：prefixed word6. The study of the history of words and the way they change over time is known as ________.答案：etymology7. A word that is formed by adding a suffix to a root is called a ________.答案：suffixed word8. The process of creating a new word by shortening an existing word is called ________.答案：clipping9. A word that is formed by combining parts of two or more words is called a ________.答案：blend10. The process of creating a new word by changing the form of an existing word is called ________.答案：conversion三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a prefix and a suffix.答案：A prefix is an affix that is added to the beginning of a root to form a new word with a different meaning, such as "un-" in "unbelievable". A suffix is an affix that is added to the end of a root to form a new word, often changing thepart of speech or adding a specific meaning, such as "-ness"in "happiness".2. What is the role of a morpheme in the structure of a word? 答案：A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language, and it can be a word by itself or part of a word.It can be a root, which carries the core meaning, or an affix, which modifies the meaning or function of the root.3. Describe the process of word formation through blending.答案：Word formation through blending involves combiningparts of two or more words to create a new word. This process results in a word that is shorter and often more convenientto use, such as "brunch" from "breakfast" and "lunch".。
自考英语词汇学试题及答案
自考英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "anonymous" is derived from which language?A. LatinB. GreekC. FrenchD. German答案：B. Greek2. Which of the following is an example of a compound word?A. BlackboardB. BreakdownC. ClassroomD. Both A and C答案：D. Both A and C3. The term "morpheme" refers to the smallest meaningful unit in a language. What is its role in vocabulary?A. It forms the basis of all words.B. It is used for grammatical purposes.C. It is a type of prefix or suffix.D. It is a collection of synonyms.答案：A. It forms the basis of all words.4. What is the process called when a word changes its meaningover time?A. Semantic shiftB. SynonymyC. PolysemyD. Homonymy答案：A. Semantic shift5. Which of the following is a false friend in English and Spanish?A. ActualB. CurrentC. ActualmenteD. Fact答案：C. Actualmente6. The word "serendipity" is an example of a ________ word.A. BorrowedB. NeologismC. CognateD. Archaic答案：A. Borrowed7. What is the meaning of the prefix "un-" in the word "unhappy"?A. NotB. OneC. UpD. Out答案：A. Not8. Which of the following words is a back-formation?A. EditB. TypewriteC. InventD. Hostage答案：B. Typewrite9. The term "collocation" refers to the way in which words are often found together in a language. Which of the following is an example of collocation?A. "Strong coffee"B. "Big mouse"C. "Tall mountain"D. "Long sleep"答案：A. "Strong coffee"10. Which of the following is an example of a phrasal verb?A. "To look"B. "To come"C. "To look up"D. "To come up"答案：D. "To come up"二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The root of the word "biology" is ________, which meanslife.答案：bio-12. An idiom is a type of ________ expression that is often metaphorical.答案：fixed13. The word "avocado" is a(n) ________ noun because it ends with an "o" but is not singular.答案：plural14. The process of creating new words by combining existing words is known as ________.答案：compounding15. A word that has more than one meaning is said to exhibit ________.答案：polysemy16. The term "etymology" refers to the ________ of a word, including its origin and historical development.答案：history17. In English, the word "mouse" can be both a noun and a verb, which is an example of ________.答案：conversion18. The phrase "kick the bucket" is an example of a(n)________ idiom.答案：idiomatic19. A word that is spelled but not pronounced is known as a(n) ________ letter.答案：silent20. The word "geography" is derived from the Greek words "geo" meaning earth and "graphia" meaning ________.答案：writing or description三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between a homograph and a homophone.答案：A homograph is a word that is spelled the same as another word but has a different meaning and may have a different pronunciation. For example, "lead" can mean toguide or the metal. A homophone is a word that is pronounced the same as another word but has a different meaning and is usually spelled differently. For example, "their," "there," and "they're" are homophones.22. What is the role of context in determining the meaning ofa word?答案：Context plays a crucial role in determining the meaning of a word because it provides clues about thesituation in which the word is used. It helps to disambiguate。
词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）
词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）词汇学模拟试卷（参考答案）《英语词汇学》模拟试卷 (一)I. Choose the best answer and put the letter of your choice in the brackets. (30%) 1. English lexicology embraces morphology, semantics,______ stylistics and lexicography.A. etymologyB. pragmaticsC. syntax .D. phonology ( ) 2. The most important of all the features of the basic word stock is ______.A. stability .B. productivityC. polysemy .D. all national character ( ) 3. Old English vocabulary was essentially ______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.A. Celtic .B. HellenicC. Italic .D. Germanic . ( ) 4. In modern times, ______ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.A. borrowingB. backformationC. creationD. semantic change ( ) 5. The words “motel” and “comsat” are called ______.A. blendsB. compoundsC. acronymsD. initialisms . ( ) 6. The word “teachers” contains three morphemes, but the word “shortenings” has______ morphemes.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five ( ) 7. Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. conceptB. worldC. context .D. sense ( ) 8. Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example: ______.A. dorm for “dormitory”B. fond for “affectionate”C. dish for “food”D. TV for “television” ( )9. The word “mouth” in the phrase “the mouth of a river” is regarded as a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. etymologicallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. semantically ( ) 10. Words formed by acronymy can be divided into initialisms and acronyms depending on the ______ of the word.A. pronunciationB. spellingC. functionD. meaning ( ) 11. Frogs croak, but elephants ______.A. neighB. squeakC. bleat .D. trumpet ( ) 12. The antonyms “present” and “absent” are ______ terms.A. relativeB. contraryC. contradictoryD. graded ( )113. The idiom “scream and shout” is a good example of ______.A. reiteratonB. alliterationC. repetitionD. juxtaposition ( ) 14. Ambiguity arises due to all the following except ______.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. homonymyD. structure ( ) 15. The order of meanings in CCELD indicates the ______ changes of words.A. grammaticalB. morphologicalC. semanticD. phonological ( ) II. Complete the sentences with the proper words from the course book. (15%) 1. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given __________________and meaning and syntactic function.2. English has evolved from a ____________________ language (Old English) to the present analytic language.3. Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ___________________ morphemes.4. A ________________ is known as the smallest functioning unit in the compositionof words.5. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of _______________it can refer to something specific.6. The second major language known in England was the_________________ of the Roman Legions.7. Conceptual meaning is also known as ____________________ meaning.8. The relationship between sound and meaning is _________________ andarbitrary. 9. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of __________________ inclusion. 10. The same word may have different ___________________ meanings as shown in “do, does, did, done, doing.”11. Synonyms may differ in the ___________________ and intensity of meaning. 12. The word “famous” is ___________________, but the word “notorious” isderogatory.13. Characterized by semantic unity and ______________________ stability, idioms do not allow changes as a rule.14. Linguistic context can be subdivided into____________________ context and grammatical context.15. So far as the language is concerned, LDCE and CCELD published in Britain are both _____________________ dictionaries.III(Decide whether the following statements are true or false andthen put in the brackets the letter “T” if the statement is true or “F” if it is false. (15%)1. Morphemes are abstract units, which are realized in speech by discrete units known as morphs. ( )2. English words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency. ( )3. Danish, Icelandic, Flemish and Norwegian are generally known as Scandinavian languages. ( )24. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and pronouns are thought to be content words, which are also known as notional words. ( )5. The word“miniskirt” is a semantically motivated word. ( ) 6. There isa reversative prefix in the word “unwrap”. ( )7. The words “AIDS” and “UFO” are regarded as acronyms. ( )8. There is an inf lectional morpheme in the word “shorter”. ( )9. Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but identical in sound and spelling. ( ) 10. In the idiom “chop and change”, alliteration is used. ( )11. The word “disease” originally meant “discomfort”, but now it means “illness”, soit has undergone degradation of meaning. . ( ) 12. Contextmay prove very valuable in guessing the meanings of new words. ( ) 13. In some idioms, a constituent may be replaced by a word of the same part of speech, only resulting in synonymous idioms. ( ) 14. One of the unique features of CCELD is language notes. ( ) 15. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is a specialized dictionary. ( ) IV. .Answer the following questions. (20%)1. What are the characteristics of Old English?2. What are the differences between a root and a stem?33. What is acronymy? What is the difference between initialisms and acronyms?4. What is the difference between conceptual meaning and associative meaning?5. How is context classified?4V. Analyze and comment on the following.1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words in terms of free morphemes and bound morphemes, and then explain the differences between the two kinds of morphemes.idealistic antecedent lighthouses2. Comment on the following two sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates.a. Trees surround the water near our summer place.b. Old elms surround the lake near our summer place.5《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)参考答案I. 选择题1. A2. D3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. C9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. CII. 填空题1. sound2. synthetic3. inflectional4. morpheme5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8. conventional9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13.structural 14. lexical 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. F8. T9. F 1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. TIV. 问答题1. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes calledAngles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about50,000 to 60,000 words. Itwas a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a syntheticlanguage.2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed withouttotal loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound, generally carries the maincomponent of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morphemeas in “cat” and “teach” or a root morpheme plus one or more affixationalmorphemes as in “foolish” and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be definedas a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of aword form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have beenremoved.3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining theinitial letters ofnames of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technicalterms, Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms, depending onthe pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter,but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words. 4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotativemeaning) is the meaninggiven in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Associative meaningis the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. Conceptualmeaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communicationas the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the samelanguage, but associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liableto the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and so on.65. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers to the words,clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic contextwhich may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In abroad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is calledextra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place,and even thewhole cultural background.V. 论述题1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes:idealistic (ideal + ist +ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house+ s).2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” arefree morphemes,but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes Of the sixbound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s isan inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have completemeanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences,but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are boundto othersto form new words.2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given sentences ishyponymy.2) In th e first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are all superordinateswhile “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the second sentenceare all subordinatescompared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because subordinates arevivid, precise and concrete.《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(一)I. 选择题1. A2. D3. D4. C5. A6. C7. B8. C9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. CII. 填空题1. sound2. synthetic3. inflectional4. morpheme5, context 6. Latin 7. denotative 8. conventional9. semantic 10. grammatical 11. range 12. appreciative 13. structural 14. lexical 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. F8. T9. F 1o. T 11, F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. TIV. 问答题2. Old English was mainly Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Germanic tribes called7Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. It had a vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000 words. Itwas a highly inflected language just like modern German. It was a syntheticlanguage.2. A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed withouttotal loss of identity. The root, whether free or bound, generally carries the maincomponent of meaning in a word. A stem may consist of a single root morphemeas in “cat” and “teach” or a root morpheme plus one or more affixationalmorphemes as in “foolish” and “unacceptable”. Therefore, a stem can be definedas a form to which affixes of any kind can be added, but a root is that part of aword form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have beenremoved.3. Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining theinitial letters ofnames of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technicalterms, Words formed in this way are called initialisms or acronyms, depending onthe pronunciation of the words. Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter,but acronyms formed from initial letters are pronounced as normal words. 4. Conceptual meaning (also known as denotative meaning) is the meaninggiven in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Associative meaningis the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. Conceptualmeaning, being constant and relatively stable, forms the basis for communicationas the same word has the same conceptual meaning to all the speakers of the samelanguage, but associative meaning, being open-ended and indeterminate, is liableto the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, and so on. 5. Context is used in different senses. In a narrow sense, it refers to the words,clauses, sentence, in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic contextwhich may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the whole book. In abroad sense, it includes the physical situation as well. This is calledextra-linguistic context, which embraces the people, time, place,and even thewhole cultural background.V. 论述题1. 1) Each of the three words consists of three morphemes:idealistic (ideal + ist +ic), antecedent (ante + ced + ent), lighthouses (light + house + s).2) Of the nine morphemes, “ideal”, “light” and “house” arefree morphemes,but all the rest –ist, -ic, ante-, -ced-, -ent and –s are bound morphemes Of the sixbound morphemes, -ist, -ic, ante- and –ent are derivational morphemes and –s isan inflectional morpheme, while –ced- is a bound root.3) Free morphemes which are independent of other morphemes have completemeanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences,but bound morphemes which cannot occur as separate words are boundto othersto form new words.2. 1) The relationship between some words used in the two given sentences ishyponymy.82) In the first sentence, “trees”, “water” and “place” are all superordinateswhile “old elms”, “lake” and “cabin” in the sec ond sentenceare all subordinatescompared with the corresponding expressions in the previous sentence.3) The second sentence is clearer than the first one because subordinates arevivid, precise and concrete.9。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
广东外语外贸大学
英语教育学院
《英语词汇》12--13学年度第一学期期末考试试题A卷考核对象：11 级通选考试时间：80分钟
I. Multiple choices. Choose the one that is most appropriate for the sentence.(20*1)
1. After the , the Germanic tributes called Angles, Saxons and Jutes came in
great numbers.
A. Greeks
B. Indians
C. Romans
D. French
2. Adulthood contains .
A. concrete denominal noun suffix
B. abstract denominal noun suffix
C. de-adjective noun suffix
D. deverbal noun suffix
3. Utopia, Odyssey and Babbitt are words from .
A. names of books
B. names of places
C. names of people
D. tradenames
4.Which of the following words are opaque words?
A richness
B abstraction
C free
D transparent
5.Which word can be used before nouns ?
A coward
B motherly
C deeply
D loudly
6. The meaning of the phrase “covered court” is______.
A 室内场地
B 重要人员到齐
C 被完全包围的地方
D 结果已定的案件
7. “Have a crush on someone” means__________ in Chinese.
A 与某人有矛盾
B 与某人意见一致
C 喜欢某人
D 饶恕某人
8. “Bring down the house” means__________ in Chinese.
A 赢得喝彩
B 封锁现场
C 集中起来
D 无理取闹
9. “Pull up one’s socks” means__________ in Chinese.
A 戏弄某人
B 鼓起勇气
C 小心翼翼
D 取代某人
10. “Advance to the net” means__________ in Chinese.
A 网络的发展
B 网络设置
C 先进网络
D 上网
11. “Handwriting on the wall” means__________ in Chinese.
A 大字报
B 不解之谜
C 不祥之兆
D 不诤事实
12. “Confidence man “refers to____.
A 欺诈行骗的人
B 可以信赖的人
C 拥有势力的人
D 无所事事的人
13. “You can say that again.” means___.
A 请重复一次
B 不要在这说
C 说得太好了
D 难以置难
14.What do the "Pinchbeck" mean?
A.被社会摒弃的人
B.删改（尤指删去书中的不当之处）
C.冒牌货，便宜货
D.吹牛大王，虚夸的
15.—What are you doing here?
—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.
—You can write___ ___passage in English?
A. 600 words；a 600-words
B. 600-word；a 600-words
C. 600 words；a 600-word
D. 600 words；a 600-words
16. You must come with us to the police ______.Our head is waiting for you.
A. headquarters
B. headline
C. headmaster
D. headache
17. The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________ smile.
A. practice
B. practise
C. practical
D. practiced
18. The_______ ordered him to pay a $100 fine.
A. judger
B. judgment
C. judge
D. judgement
19.The letter “b”in the word “doubt”is________.
A. sound
B. silent
C. silence
D. sounded
20. We have to learn ________technology from other countries.
A. advance
B. advancing
C. advantage
D. advanced
II．Matching (10*1)
Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to:
1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary
2) content words and functional words
3) native words and borrowed words
4)characteristics of the basic word stock.
III. Write out the full spelling of the following abbreviations.(10*1)
1.IOC
2.IMF
3. BRT
4.J.F.K
5.MI5
6.F.B.I
7.VOA
8.NATO
9.UNESCO
10.OPEC
IV . Give clippings for the following words(10*1)
1.dynamic
2.aggressive
3.handkerchief
4.gasoline
5.kilogram
6.influenza
7.business
8.parachute
9.refrigerator
10.fraternity
V. Please add negative prefixes to the following words and give us your Chinese translation(10*2)
1. judge
2. arm
3. connect
4. attack
5. ability
6. employment
7. existence
8. fortune
9. color
10. revolution
VI. Write out the meaning of the following roots and affixes. (10*1)
1.claim,clam
2.clar
3.clud
4.cogn
5.cord
6.corpor
7.cred
8.cruc
9.cur
10.cur
VII. Translate the following into Chinese. (15*1)
1. Small leak will sink a great ship.
2. Behind the mountains there are people to be found.
3.the greens field
4.horror film
5. five-finger
6. White room
7. barber’s cat
8. It is a poor mouse that has only one hole.
9. I don't want to be the third wheel.
10. He is dating another girl on the side.
11. I'm all over you.
12. That's the long distance relationship.
13. Judas kiss
14.Strike, while the iron is hot.
15.The best of the bunch
VIII. Answer the following question (5 *1)
How many ways of word-formation can you name?。