20180114人教版八年级上册英语各单元语法

一复合不定代词

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词，它们有some, any, much, many 等以及由every-, some-, any-, no-加上-thing, -body, -one构成的复合不定代词。下面我们主要学习有关复合不定代词的内容。

1、复合不定代词的分类

指物：everything, something, anything, nothing

指人：everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody everyone, someone, anyone, no one

2、复合不定代词的用法

1. ◆some-类的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中。如：

There is somebody at the door.

◆any-类的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“某事；某物；某人”；也可用

于肯定句或条件从句中，表示“任何东西；任何人”。如：

There isn't anything in the box.

Did you see anybody there?

If anybody comes here, please ask him to wait.

2. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：

Everybody knows he sings well.

3. 复合不定代词若有定语(形容词或不定式)修饰时，定语要放在其后。如：

There's nothing new about this.

I want something to eat.

【运用】单项选择

1. —Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing?

—________! He learned singing by himself.

A. Everybody

B. Somebody

C. Nobody

2. There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.

A. anything

B. something

C. nothing

3. I always believe that ________ is difficult if we try our best to do it.

A. something

B. anything

C. everything

D. nothing

4. —Would you please tell me ________ in today's newspaper?

—Sorry, I haven't read it yet.

A.something important

B. important something

C. anything important

D. important anything

5. —Is there ________ in today's newspaper?

—Yes. A terrible accident happened in Hubei.

A. special something

B. anything special

C. something special

6. When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say ________.

A. everything

B. nothing

C. something

D. anything

二频度副词

频度副词表示事情发生的频率。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。

◆常见的频度副词的频率大小如图所示：

◆频度副词的位置: 频度副词通常放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但

有些频度副词如sometimes，often等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。如：David usually gets home at about this time.

My sister doesn't always read in the library.

(注意：always 与not连用，表示部分否定，意为“并非总是”。若要表示全部否定，应用never。)

My father sometimes / often works at the weekend.

Sometimes / Often my father works at the weekend.

My father works at the weekend sometimes / often.

◆当对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，意为“多久一次”。如：

·Bill never goes to the cinema. (对划线部分提问)

→How often does Bi ll go to the cinema?

·I wash my clothes three times a week. (对划线部分提问)

→How often do you wash your clothes?

1.The teacher hardly gives us a test.

_____ _____ ______ the teacher give you a test?

2.I never get up before five o’clock?

_____ _____ do you get up before five o’clock?

3.Li Tao often has rice for lunch.

_____ _____ Li Tao often _____ for lunch?

4.I usually read English in the morning.

_____ _____ you usually ______ in the morning?

5.My mother goes to see my grandparents twice a month.

_____ _____ _____ your mother _____ to see your grandparents?

Ⅱ. 汉译英

1. 这个女孩总是非常高兴。

_________________________________________

2. 埃里克(Eric)多久打扫一次房间？

_________________________________________

三形容词、副词的原级和比较级

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。本单元我们主要学习形容词、副词的原级和比较级的构成及其用法。

◆原级

形容词、副词的原级即原形。

1. 原级可用于句型“主语+ be / 行为动词+ as + 形容词 / 副词原形+ as +比较对象.”，该句型表

示两者在某一方面相同。当表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，常用句型“主语+ be + not + as / so + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象.”或“主语+ don't / doesn't / didn't + 行为动词原形+ as / so +副词原形+ as +比较对象.”。如：

This dress is as beautiful as that one.

Tom isn't as / so tall as me.

2. 原级前可用very，quite，too等副词修饰。如：

I'm very hungry.