嫦娥空间相机结构设计

摘要

科学家利用相机获得的数字图像研究月球地质学结构，嫦娥卫星成了这个任务的担当者。嫦娥二号卫星使用的是二线阵立体测绘CCD相机，所谓CCD，是电荷耦合元件，该相机要在100km高度的圆轨上能够获取地元分辨率力为7m的图像.为配合如此精密的光学仪器，就必须有精明的光学系统结构，嫦娥相机结构的设计就显得尤为重要了。相机结构设计、"加工和装配，从材料选取"结构形式确定和性能分析等方面论述了测绘相机设计过程，镜片光轴的调节装置，镜筒要精明加工。定位阶梯内圆柱面同轴度达到0.01，镜筒装配要点是无变形安装固定透镜"精确控制空气间隔和高精度定心。在50lp\mm奈奎斯特空间频率下平均调制传递函数为0.67.该相机结构小，性能稳定，能够拍摄到清晰的照片，该相机和常规相机不同，它拍摄出的照片为一长条一长条的，接近长方形，把所有的长方形照片连接起来，就组成了月球的整个表面。月球基本上是一个灰体会，所以选择光学系统的工作波长范围为450纳米到520纳米。相机的好差都要受到结构的限制，如此，对于此相机来说，结构的设计就显得更加重要了，而结构的设计主要在于控制相机的稳定性，能够准确的调好使得相机的光轴和机械轴尽可能在一条直线上，这样才能保证机械的精确性，从而达到设计此结构的目的。

关键词：相机结构；光轴调节

Abstract

The scientists used the camera to get digital images of lunar geology structure, Chang'e satellite became the person in charge of the task. Chang'e II satellite using a

three-dimensional mapping of the second-line array CCD camera, CCD, charge-coupled device, the camera to a height of 100km round rail can obtain ground yuan resolution force 7m image with such a precision optical instruments , we must have a smart optical system structure, design of Chang'e camera structure is particularly important. Camera structural design, processing and assembly, selected from the material structure determination and performance analysis discusses the design process of mapping camera, the adjustment device of the optical axis of the lens, the lens barrel to be smart processing. Positioning the ladder within the cylindrical surface coaxial 0.01 barrel assembly point is no distortion mounting lens "precise control of the air gap and high-precision centering. 50LP \ mm Nyquist spatial frequency modulation transfer function of 0.67. the camera is small, stable performance, able to shoot clear photos, the camera is different from the conventional camera, shoot it out of the picture for a long, long, nearly rectangular, all rectangular photo composition the entire surface of the moon, the moon is basically a gray experience, so the choice of optical systems operating wavelength range of 450 nm to 520 nm camera a good difference would be subject to structural limitations, and so, for this camera, the design of the structure becomes more important, the design of the structure in that the control stability of the camera can accurately adjusted so that the camera's optical axis and the mechanical axis in a straight line as far as possible, so as to guarantee the accuracy of the machine, so as to achieve design the purpose of the structure.

Key words:Structure of the camera；Optical axis adjustment

目录

摘要 0

Abstract (1)

1、绪论 (3)

2、材料的选择 (5)

3、嫦娥空间相机结构的整体整体分析 (6)

3.1冷加工工序 (8)

3.2镜筒上的沟槽的数控加工工艺 (8)

3.3镜筒的装夹 (9)

3.4镜筒、镜座壁厚和压圈宽度 (10)

3．5、镜片压圈 (14)

3.6、光阑 (15)

3.7、镜座和镜片隔圈 (16)

3.8镜筒安装支架的设计 (17)

3.9微调装置的设计 (18)

4、镜片的清洗与安装 (19)

5、结论 (20)

参考文献 (21)

致谢 (22)